Ps 114:1-8 : 1 {
"verseID": "Psalms.114.1",
"source": "בְּצֵ֣את יִ֭שְׂרָאֵל מִמִּצְרָ֑יִם בֵּ֥ית יַ֝עֲקֹ֗ב מֵעַ֥ם לֹעֵֽז׃",
"text": "In *bĕṣēʾt* *yiśrāʾēl* from *miṣrāyim* *bêt* *yaʿăqōb* from *ʿam* *lōʿēz*",
"grammar": {
"*bĕṣēʾt*": "construct infinitive with preposition - in/when going out",
"*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel",
"*miṣrāyim*": "proper noun with preposition min - from Egypt",
"*bêt*": "construct noun - house of",
"*yaʿăqōb*": "proper noun - Jacob",
"*ʿam*": "noun with preposition min - from people",
"*lōʿēz*": "participle - speaking foreign language/barbarous"
},
"variants": {
"*bĕṣēʾt*": "when going out/departing/exiting",
"*lōʿēz*": "foreign-speaking/strange language/barbarian"
}
}
2 {
"verseID": "Psalms.114.2",
"source": "הָיְתָ֣ה יְהוּדָ֣ה לְקָדְשׁ֑וֹ יִ֝שְׂרָאֵ֗ל מַמְשְׁלוֹתָֽיו׃",
"text": "*hāyĕtāh* *yĕhûdāh* for *qādĕšô* *yiśrāʾēl* *mamšĕlôtāyw*",
"grammar": {
"*hāyĕtāh*": "qal perfect 3rd feminine singular - became/was",
"*yĕhûdāh*": "proper noun - Judah",
"*qādĕšô*": "noun with preposition lamed and 3rd masculine singular suffix - for his sanctuary/holiness",
"*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel",
"*mamšĕlôtāyw*": "noun plural with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his dominions/realms"
},
"variants": {
"*qādĕšô*": "his sanctuary/his holy place/his holiness",
"*mamšĕlôtāyw*": "his dominions/his realms/his kingdoms"
}
}
3 {
"verseID": "Psalms.114.3",
"source": "הַיָּ֣ם רָ֭אָה וַיָּנֹ֑ס הַ֝יַּרְדֵּ֗ן יִסֹּ֥ב לְאָחֽוֹר׃",
"text": "The *yām* *rāʾāh* *wayyānōs* the *yarrĕdēn* *yissōb* *lĕʾāḥôr*",
"grammar": {
"*yām*": "noun with definite article - the sea",
"*rāʾāh*": "qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - saw",
"*wayyānōs*": "qal imperfect consecutive 3rd masculine singular - and fled",
"*yarrĕdēn*": "proper noun with definite article - the Jordan",
"*yissōb*": "qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - turned",
"*lĕʾāḥôr*": "noun with preposition - backward"
},
"variants": {
"*rāʾāh*": "saw/perceived/observed",
"*wayyānōs*": "and fled/and ran away",
"*yissōb*": "turned/turned around/turned back"
}
}
4 {
"verseID": "Psalms.114.4",
"source": "הֶֽ֭הָרִים רָקְד֣וּ כְאֵילִ֑ים גְּ֝בָע֗וֹת כִּבְנֵי־צֹֽאן׃",
"text": "The *hehārîm* *rāqĕdû* like *ʾēlîm* *gĕbāʿôt* like *bĕnê-ṣōʾn*",
"grammar": {
"*hehārîm*": "noun plural with definite article - the mountains",
"*rāqĕdû*": "qal perfect 3rd common plural - skipped/danced",
"*ʾēlîm*": "noun plural with preposition kaf - like rams",
"*gĕbāʿôt*": "noun plural - hills",
"*bĕnê-ṣōʾn*": "construct phrase with preposition kaf - like lambs (lit: sons of flock)"
},
"variants": {
"*rāqĕdû*": "skipped/danced/leaped",
"*ʾēlîm*": "rams/male sheep",
"*bĕnê-ṣōʾn*": "lambs/young sheep"
}
}
5 {
"verseID": "Psalms.114.5",
"source": "מַה־לְּךָ֣ הַ֭יָּם כִּ֣י תָנ֑וּס הַ֝יַּרְדֵּ֗ן תִּסֹּ֥ב לְאָחֽוֹר׃",
"text": "*mah-lĕkā* the *yām* that *tānûs* the *yarrĕdēn* *tissōb* *lĕʾāḥôr*",
"grammar": {
"*mah-lĕkā*": "interrogative with preposition and 2nd masculine singular suffix - what to you",
"*yām*": "noun with definite article - the sea",
"*tānûs*": "qal imperfect 2nd masculine singular - you flee",
"*yarrĕdēn*": "proper noun with definite article - the Jordan",
"*tissōb*": "qal imperfect 2nd masculine singular - you turn",
"*lĕʾāḥôr*": "noun with preposition - backward"
},
"variants": {
"*mah-lĕkā*": "what is with you/what ails you/what's your problem",
"*tānûs*": "you flee/you run away",
"*tissōb*": "you turn/you turn around/you turn back"
}
}
6 {
"verseID": "Psalms.114.6",
"source": "הֶֽ֭הָרִים תִּרְקְד֣וּ כְאֵילִ֑ים גְּ֝בָע֗וֹת כִּבְנֵי־צֹֽאן׃",
"text": "The *hehārîm* *tirqĕdû* like *ʾēlîm* *gĕbāʿôt* like *bĕnê-ṣōʾn*",
"grammar": {
"*hehārîm*": "noun plural with definite article - the mountains",
"*tirqĕdû*": "qal imperfect 2nd masculine plural - you skip/dance",
"*ʾēlîm*": "noun plural with preposition kaf - like rams",
"*gĕbāʿôt*": "noun plural - hills",
"*bĕnê-ṣōʾn*": "construct phrase with preposition kaf - like lambs (lit: sons of flock)"
},
"variants": {
"*tirqĕdû*": "you skip/you dance/you leap",
"*ʾēlîm*": "rams/male sheep",
"*bĕnê-ṣōʾn*": "lambs/young sheep"
}
}
7 {
"verseID": "Psalms.114.7",
"source": "מִלִּפְנֵ֣י אָ֭דוֹן ח֣וּלִי אָ֑רֶץ מִ֝לִּפְנֵ֗י אֱל֣וֹהַּ יַעֲקֹֽב׃",
"text": "From *millipĕnê* *ʾādôn* *ḥûlî* *ʾāreṣ* from *millipĕnê* *ʾĕlôah* *yaʿăqōb*",
"grammar": {
"*millipĕnê*": "compound preposition - from before",
"*ʾādôn*": "noun - Lord/Master",
"*ḥûlî*": "qal imperative feminine singular - writhe/tremble",
"*ʾāreṣ*": "noun - earth/land",
"*ʾĕlôah*": "noun - God",
"*yaʿăqōb*": "proper noun - Jacob"
},
"variants": {
"*millipĕnê*": "from before/from the presence of",
"*ʾādôn*": "Lord/Master/Sovereign",
"*ḥûlî*": "writhe/tremble/be in anguish",
"*ʾāreṣ*": "earth/land/ground",
"*ʾĕlôah*": "God/deity"
}
}
8 {
"verseID": "Psalms.114.8",
"source": "הַהֹפְכִ֣י הַצּ֣וּר אֲגַם־מָ֑יִם חַ֝לָּמִ֗ישׁ לְמַעְיְנוֹ־מָֽיִם׃",
"text": "The *hahōpĕkî* the *ṣûr* *ʾăgam-māyim* *ḥallāmîš* to *maʿyĕnô-māyim*",
"grammar": {
"*hahōpĕkî*": "qal participle with definite article - the one turning",
"*ṣûr*": "noun with definite article - the rock",
"*ʾăgam-māyim*": "construct phrase - pool of water",
"*ḥallāmîš*": "noun - flint/hard rock",
"*maʿyĕnô-māyim*": "noun with preposition and construct - to spring of water"
},
"variants": {
"*hahōpĕkî*": "the one turning/transforming/converting",
"*ṣûr*": "rock/stone/boulder",
"*ʾăgam-māyim*": "pool of water/pond",
"*ḥallāmîš*": "flint/hard rock/flinty rock",
"*maʿyĕnô-māyim*": "spring of water/fountain"
}
}