12 {
"verseID": "Lamentations.1.12",
"source": "ל֣וֹא אֲלֵיכֶם֮ כָּל־עֹ֣בְרֵי דֶרֶךְ֒ הַבִּ֣יטוּ וּרְא֔וּ אִם־יֵ֤שׁ מַכְאוֹב֙ כְּמַכְאֹבִ֔י אֲשֶׁ֥ר עוֹלַ֖ל לִ֑י אֲשֶׁר֙ הוֹגָ֣ה יְהוָ֔ה בְּי֖וֹם חֲר֥וֹן אַפּֽוֹ׃ ס",
"text": "*lôʾ* to you all-*ʿōḇərê* *dereḵ*, *habbîṭû* *û*-*rəʾû* if-*yēš* *maḵʾôḇ* like my *maḵʾōḇî* *ʾăšer* *ʿôlal* to me, *ʾăšer* *hôḡāh* *YHWH* in *yôm* *ḥărôn* his *ʾappô*.",
"grammar": {
"*lôʾ*": "negative particle/exclamation - Is it nothing",
"*ʾălêḵem*": "preposition with 2nd masculine plural suffix - to you",
"*kāl*": "noun, construct - all of",
"*ʿōḇərê*": "qal participle, masculine plural construct - those passing by",
"*dereḵ*": "noun, masculine singular - way",
"*habbîṭû*": "hifil imperative, masculine plural - look",
"*û*": "conjunction - and",
"*rəʾû*": "qal imperative, masculine plural - see",
"*ʾim*": "conjunction - if",
"*yēš*": "particle of existence - there is",
"*maḵʾôḇ*": "noun, masculine singular - pain",
"*kəmaḵʾōḇî*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular with 1st singular suffix - like my pain",
"*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which",
"*ʿôlal*": "polal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - was done",
"*lî*": "preposition with 1st singular suffix - to me",
"*hôḡāh*": "hifil perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he afflicted",
"*YHWH*": "proper noun - LORD",
"*bəyôm*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular construct - in day of",
"*ḥărôn*": "noun, masculine singular construct - burning of",
"*ʾappô*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his anger"
},
"variants": {
"*lôʾ ʾălêḵem*": "Is it nothing to you?/Does it not concern you?",
"*ʿōḇərê dereḵ*": "passersby/travelers/those who pass along the way",
"*habbîṭû*": "look/observe/consider",
"*maḵʾôḇ*": "pain/sorrow/suffering",
"*ʿôlal*": "was done/was inflicted/was brought",
"*hôḡāh*": "afflicted/made sorrowful/punished",
"*ḥărôn ʾappô*": "his fierce anger/his burning wrath/his intense fury"
}
}
13 {
"verseID": "Lamentations.1.13",
"source": "מִמָּר֛וֹם שָֽׁלַח־אֵ֥שׁ בְּעַצְמֹתַ֖י וַיִּרְדֶּ֑נָּה פָּרַ֨שׂ רֶ֤שֶׁת לְרַגְלַי֙ הֱשִׁיבַ֣נִי אָח֔וֹר נְתָנַ֙נִי֙ שֹֽׁמֵמָ֔ה כָּל־הַיּ֖וֹם דָּוָֽה׃ ס",
"text": "From *mārôm* he *šālaḥ*-*ʾēš* in my *ʿaṣmōṯay* *wa*-*yirdennāh*; he *pāraś* *rešeṯ* for my *raḡlay*, *hĕšîḇanî* *ʾāḥôr*; he *nəṯānanî* *šōmēmāh*, all-the *yôm* *dāwāh*.",
"grammar": {
"*mimmārôm*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular - from height",
"*šālaḥ*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he sent",
"*ʾēš*": "noun, feminine singular - fire",
"*bəʿaṣmōṯay*": "preposition + noun, feminine plural with 1st singular suffix - in my bones",
"*wa*": "conjunction - and",
"*yirdennāh*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular with 3rd feminine singular suffix - he subdued it",
"*pāraś*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he spread",
"*rešeṯ*": "noun, feminine singular - net",
"*ləraḡlay*": "preposition + noun, feminine dual with 1st singular suffix - for my feet",
"*hĕšîḇanî*": "hifil perfect, 3rd masculine singular with 1st singular suffix - he turned me back",
"*ʾāḥôr*": "adverb - backward",
"*nəṯānanî*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular with 1st singular suffix - he made me",
"*šōmēmāh*": "qal participle, feminine singular - desolate",
"*kāl*": "noun, construct - all of",
"*hayyôm*": "definite noun, masculine singular - the day",
"*dāwāh*": "adjective, feminine singular - faint"
},
"variants": {
"*mārôm*": "height/above/heaven",
"*šālaḥ-ʾēš*": "sent fire/cast fire",
"*ʿaṣmōṯay*": "my bones/my skeleton",
"*yirdennāh*": "subdued it/overpowered it/made it prevail",
"*pāraś rešeṯ*": "spread a net/laid a snare",
"*raḡlay*": "my feet/my legs",
"*hĕšîḇanî ʾāḥôr*": "turned me back/made me retreat",
"*nəṯānanî šōmēmāh*": "made me desolate/rendered me devastated",
"*dāwāh*": "faint/sick/ill"
}
}
14 {
"verseID": "Lamentations.1.14",
"source": "נִשְׂקַד֩ עֹ֨ל פְּשָׁעַ֜י בְּיָד֗וֹ יִשְׂתָּֽרְג֛וּ עָל֥וּ עַל־צַוָּארִ֖י הִכְשִׁ֣יל כֹּחִ֑י נְתָנַ֣נִי אֲדֹנָ֔י בִּידֵ֖י לֹא־אוּכַ֥ל קֽוּם׃ ס",
"text": "*niśqaḏ* *ʿōl* my *pəšāʿay* by his *yāḏô*, *yiśtārəḡû* *ʿālû* upon-my *ṣawwārî*, *hiḵšîl* my *kōḥî*; *nəṯānanî* *ʾăḏōnāy* into *yəḏê* *lōʾ*-*ʾûḵal* *qûm*.",
"grammar": {
"*niśqaḏ*": "nifal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - it was bound",
"*ʿōl*": "noun, masculine singular construct - yoke of",
"*pəšāʿay*": "noun, masculine plural with 1st singular suffix - my transgressions",
"*bəyāḏô*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - by his hand",
"*yiśtārəḡû*": "hitpael imperfect, 3rd plural - they intertwine themselves",
"*ʿālû*": "qal perfect, 3rd plural - they went up",
"*ʿal*": "preposition - upon",
"*ṣawwārî*": "noun, masculine singular with 1st singular suffix - my neck",
"*hiḵšîl*": "hifil perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he made to stumble",
"*kōḥî*": "noun, masculine singular with 1st singular suffix - my strength",
"*nəṯānanî*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular with 1st singular suffix - he gave me",
"*ʾăḏōnāy*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 1st singular suffix - my Lord",
"*bîḏê*": "preposition + noun, feminine dual construct - into hands of",
"*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not",
"*ʾûḵal*": "qal imperfect, 1st singular - I am able",
"*qûm*": "qal infinitive construct - to rise"
},
"variants": {
"*niśqaḏ*": "was bound/was fastened/was tied",
"*ʿōl*": "yoke/burden",
"*pəšāʿay*": "my transgressions/my rebellions/my sins",
"*yiśtārəḡû*": "intertwine themselves/entwine/are woven together",
"*ʿālû*": "went up/mounted/ascended",
"*ṣawwārî*": "my neck",
"*hiḵšîl*": "made to stumble/weakened/caused to fail",
"*kōḥî*": "my strength/my power",
"*ʾăḏōnāy*": "Lord/my Lord/the Lord",
"*lōʾ-ʾûḵal qûm*": "I cannot rise/I am unable to stand"
}
}
15 {
"verseID": "Lamentations.1.15",
"source": "סִלָּ֨ה כָל־אַבִּירַ֤י ׀ אֲדֹנָי֙ בְּקִרְבִּ֔י קָרָ֥א עָלַ֛י מוֹעֵ֖ד לִשְׁבֹּ֣ר בַּחוּרָ֑י גַּ֚ת דָּרַ֣ךְ אֲדֹנָ֔י לִבְתוּלַ֖ת בַּת־יְהוּדָֽה׃ ס",
"text": "*sillāh* all-my *ʾabbîray* *ʾăḏōnāy* within me; he *qārāʾ* upon me *môʿēḏ* to *lišbōr* my *baḥûrāy*; *gaṯ* *dāraḵ* *ʾăḏōnāy* to *ḇəṯûlaṯ* *baṯ*-*yəhûḏāh*.",
"grammar": {
"*sillāh*": "piel perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he rejected",
"*kāl*": "noun, construct - all of",
"*ʾabbîray*": "noun, masculine plural with 1st singular suffix - my mighty men",
"*ʾăḏōnāy*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 1st singular suffix - my Lord",
"*bəqirbî*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular with 1st singular suffix - within me",
"*qārāʾ*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he called",
"*ʿālay*": "preposition with 1st singular suffix - upon me",
"*môʿēḏ*": "noun, masculine singular - appointed time",
"*lišbōr*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct - to break",
"*baḥûrāy*": "noun, masculine plural with 1st singular suffix - my young men",
"*gaṯ*": "noun, feminine singular - winepress",
"*dāraḵ*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he trod",
"*ʾăḏōnāy*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 1st singular suffix - my Lord",
"*liḇəṯûlaṯ*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular construct - to virgin of",
"*baṯ*": "noun, feminine singular construct - daughter of",
"*yəhûḏāh*": "proper noun - Judah"
},
"variants": {
"*sillāh*": "rejected/cast away/set aside/trampled",
"*ʾabbîray*": "my mighty men/my warriors/my strong ones",
"*qārāʾ môʿēḏ*": "called an assembly/proclaimed a solemn assembly/summoned",
"*lišbōr*": "to break/to crush/to shatter",
"*baḥûrāy*": "my young men/my chosen ones",
"*gaṯ dāraḵ*": "trod the winepress/trampled as in a winepress",
"*ḇəṯûlaṯ baṯ-yəhûḏāh*": "virgin daughter of Judah/the virgin of the daughter of Judah"
}
}
16 {
"verseID": "Lamentations.1.16",
"source": "עַל־אֵ֣לֶּה ׀ אֲנִ֣י בוֹכִיָּ֗ה עֵינִ֤י ׀ עֵינִי֙ יֹ֣רְדָה מַּ֔יִם כִּֽי־רָחַ֥ק מִמֶּ֛נִּי מְנַחֵ֖ם מֵשִׁ֣יב נַפְשִׁ֑י הָי֤וּ בָנַי֙ שֽׁוֹמֵמִ֔ים כִּ֥י גָבַ֖ר אוֹיֵֽב׃ ס",
"text": "Upon-*ʾēlleh* *ʾănî* *ḇôḵîyāh*, my *ʿênî* my *ʿênî* *yōrəḏāh* *mayim*, *kî*-*rāḥaq* from me *mənaḥēm* *mēšîḇ* my *nap̄šî*; *hāyû* my *ḇānay* *šômēmîm*, *kî* *ḡāḇar* *ʾôyēḇ*.",
"grammar": {
"*ʿal*": "preposition - upon/because of",
"*ʾēlleh*": "demonstrative pronoun - these",
"*ʾănî*": "1st singular personal pronoun - I",
"*ḇôḵîyāh*": "qal participle, feminine singular - weeping",
"*ʿênî*": "noun, feminine singular with 1st singular suffix - my eye",
"*yōrəḏāh*": "qal participle, feminine singular - running down",
"*mayim*": "noun, masculine plural - water",
"*kî*": "conjunction - for/because",
"*rāḥaq*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he is far",
"*mimmennî*": "preposition with 1st singular suffix - from me",
"*mənaḥēm*": "piel participle, masculine singular - comforter",
"*mēšîḇ*": "hifil participle, masculine singular construct - restorer of",
"*nap̄šî*": "noun, feminine singular with 1st singular suffix - my soul",
"*hāyû*": "qal perfect, 3rd plural - they became",
"*ḇānay*": "noun, masculine plural with 1st singular suffix - my children",
"*šômēmîm*": "qal participle, masculine plural - desolate",
"*ḡāḇar*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he prevailed",
"*ʾôyēḇ*": "qal participle, masculine singular - enemy"
},
"variants": {
"*ḇôḵîyāh*": "weeping/crying",
"*ʿênî ʿênî yōrəḏāh mayim*": "my eye, my eye runs down with water/my eyes shed streams of tears",
"*rāḥaq*": "is far/is distant/has gone away",
"*mənaḥēm mēšîḇ nap̄šî*": "comforter who restores my soul/consoler who revives my spirit",
"*ḇānay*": "my children/my sons",
"*šômēmîm*": "desolate/devastated/stunned",
"*ḡāḇar*": "prevailed/was stronger/overcame",
"*ʾôyēḇ*": "enemy/foe/adversary"
}
}