Jer 31:31-38 : 31 {
"verseID": "Jeremiah.31.31",
"source": "הִנֵּ֛ה יָמִ֥ים בָּאִ֖ים נְאֻם־יְהוָ֑ה וְכָרַתִּ֗י אֶת־בֵּ֧ית יִשְׂרָאֵ֛ל וְאֶת־בֵּ֥ית יְהוּדָ֖ה בְּרִ֥ית חֲדָשָֽׁה׃",
"text": "*hinnēh yāmîm bāʾîm nəʾum-YHWH wə-ḵārattî ʾet-bêt yiśrāʾēl wə-ʾet-bêt yəhûḏāh bərît ḥăḏāšāh*.",
"grammar": {
"*hinnēh*": "demonstrative particle - behold",
"*yāmîm*": "masculine plural noun - days",
"*bāʾîm*": "qal participle masculine plural - coming",
"*nəʾum-YHWH*": "construct phrase - declaration of YHWH",
"*wə-ḵārattî*": "conjunction + qal perfect 1st person singular - and I will cut/make",
"*ʾet-bêt yiśrāʾēl*": "direct object marker + construct state - house of Israel",
"*wə-ʾet-bêt yəhûḏāh*": "conjunction + direct object marker + construct state - and house of Judah",
"*bərît*": "feminine singular noun - covenant",
"*ḥăḏāšāh*": "feminine singular adjective - new"
},
"variants": {
"*ḵārattî*": "cut/make/establish (to cut a covenant = to establish a covenant)",
"*bərît*": "covenant/agreement/alliance/treaty",
"*ḥăḏāšāh*": "new/fresh/novel"
}
}
32 {
"verseID": "Jeremiah.31.32",
"source": "לֹ֣א כַבְּרִ֗ית אֲשֶׁ֤ר כָּרַ֙תִּי֙ אֶת־אֲבוֹתָ֔ם בְּיוֹם֙ הֶחֱזִיקִ֣י בְיָדָ֔ם לְהוֹצִיאָ֖ם מֵאֶ֣רֶץ מִצְרָ֑יִם אֲשֶׁר־הֵ֜מָּה הֵפֵ֣רוּ אֶת־בְּרִיתִ֗י וְאָנֹכִ֛י בָּעַ֥לְתִּי בָ֖ם נְאֻם־יְהוָֽה׃",
"text": "*lōʾ ḵabbərît ʾăšer kārattî ʾet-ʾăḇôtām bəyôm heḥĕzîqî ḇəyāḏām ləhôṣîʾām mēʾereṣ miṣrāyim ʾăšer-hēmmāh hēp̄ērû ʾet-bərîtî wə-ʾānōḵî bāʿaltî ḇām nəʾum-YHWH*.",
"grammar": {
"*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not",
"*ḵabbərît*": "preposition + definite article + feminine singular noun - like the covenant",
"*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which",
"*kārattî*": "qal perfect 1st person singular - I cut/made",
"*ʾet-ʾăḇôtām*": "direct object marker + masculine plural noun + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - with their fathers",
"*bəyôm*": "preposition + masculine singular noun construct - in day of",
"*heḥĕzîqî*": "hiphil infinitive construct + 1st person singular suffix - my taking hold",
"*ḇəyāḏām*": "preposition + feminine singular noun + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - by their hand",
"*ləhôṣîʾām*": "preposition + hiphil infinitive construct + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - to bring them out",
"*mēʾereṣ miṣrāyim*": "preposition + construct state - from land of Egypt",
"*ʾăšer-hēmmāh*": "relative pronoun + 3rd person plural pronoun - which they",
"*hēp̄ērû*": "hiphil perfect 3rd person common plural - they broke",
"*ʾet-bərîtî*": "direct object marker + feminine singular noun + 1st person singular suffix - my covenant",
"*wə-ʾānōḵî*": "conjunction + 1st person singular independent pronoun - and I",
"*bāʿaltî*": "qal perfect 1st person singular - I was a husband/lord/master",
"*ḇām*": "preposition + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - to them",
"*nəʾum-YHWH*": "construct phrase - declaration of YHWH"
},
"variants": {
"*heḥĕzîqî ḇəyāḏām*": "my taking hold of their hand/my grasping their hand/my seizing their hand",
"*hēp̄ērû*": "broke/violated/nullified/made void",
"*bāʿaltî*": "was a husband to/was a lord over/was a master of"
}
}
33 {
"verseID": "Jeremiah.31.33",
"source": "כִּ֣י זֹ֣את הַבְּרִ֡ית אֲשֶׁ֣ר אֶכְרֹת֩ אֶת־בֵּ֨ית יִשְׂרָאֵ֜ל אַחֲרֵ֨י הַיָּמִ֤ים הָהֵם֙ נְאֻם־יְהוָ֔ה נָתַ֤תִּי אֶת־תּֽוֹרָתִי֙ בְּקִרְבָּ֔ם וְעַל־לִבָּ֖ם אֶכְתֲּבֶ֑נָּה וְהָיִ֤יתִי לָהֶם֙ לֵֽאלֹהִ֔ים וְהֵ֖מָּה יִֽהְיוּ־לִ֥י לְעָֽם׃",
"text": "*Kî* this the *bᵊrît* which *ʾekrōt* *ʾet*-house of *Yiśrāʾēl* after the *yāmîm* those, *nᵊʾum*-*YHWH*, *nātattî* *ʾet*-*tôrātî* in *qirbām* and upon-*libbām* *ʾektᵊbennâ* and *hāyîtî* to them for *ʾĕlōhîm* and they *yihyû*-to me for *ʿām*.",
"grammar": {
"*Kî*": "conjunction - for/because/that",
"*bᵊrît*": "noun, feminine, singular, construct - covenant",
"*ʾekrōt*": "verb, qal imperfect, 1st person singular - I will cut/make",
"*ʾet*": "direct object marker",
"*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel",
"*yāmîm*": "noun, masculine, plural - days",
"*nᵊʾum*": "construct state noun - utterance/declaration of",
"*YHWH*": "divine name - LORD",
"*nātattî*": "verb, qal perfect, 1st person singular - I have put/given",
"*tôrātî*": "noun, feminine, singular with 1st person singular suffix - my law/instruction",
"*qirbām*": "noun, masculine, singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their inward part",
"*libbām*": "noun, masculine, singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their heart",
"*ʾektᵊbennâ*": "verb, qal imperfect, 1st person singular with 3rd person feminine singular suffix - I will write it",
"*hāyîtî*": "verb, qal perfect, 1st person singular - I will be",
"*ʾĕlōhîm*": "noun, masculine, plural - God/gods",
"*yihyû*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural - they will be",
"*ʿām*": "noun, masculine, singular - people"
},
"variants": {
"*Kî*": "for/because/that/indeed/when",
"*bᵊrît*": "covenant/agreement/alliance",
"*ʾekrōt*": "I will cut/make/establish",
"*qirbām*": "their inward part/midst/inside",
"*libbām*": "their heart/mind/inner being",
"*ʾĕlōhîm*": "God/gods/divine being [plural form used for singular deity]",
"*ʿām*": "people/nation/folk"
}
}
34 {
"verseID": "Jeremiah.31.34",
"source": "וְלֹ֧א יְלַמְּד֣וּ ע֗וֹד אִ֣ישׁ אֶת־רֵעֵ֜הוּ וְאִ֤ישׁ אֶת־אָחִיו֙ לֵאמֹ֔ר דְּע֖וּ אֶת־יְהוָ֑ה כִּֽי־כוּלָּם֩ יֵדְע֨וּ אוֹתִ֜י לְמִקְטַנָּ֤ם וְעַד־גְּדוֹלָם֙ נְאֻם־יְהוָ֔ה כִּ֤י אֶסְלַח֙ לַֽעֲוֺנָ֔ם וּלְחַטָּאתָ֖ם לֹ֥א אֶזְכָּר־עֽוֹד׃",
"text": "And not *yᵊlammᵊdû* *ʿôd* *ʾîš* *ʾet*-*rēʿēhû* and *ʾîš* *ʾet*-*ʾāḥîw* saying, *dᵊʿû* *ʾet*-*YHWH*, *kî*-all of them *yēdᵊʿû* me, from *miqᵊṭannām* and until-*gᵊdôlām*, *nᵊʾum*-*YHWH*, *kî* *ʾeslaḥ* for *ʿăwōnām* and for *ḥaṭṭāʾtām* not *ʾezkār*-*ʿôd*.",
"grammar": {
"*yᵊlammᵊdû*": "verb, piel imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural - they will teach",
"*ʿôd*": "adverb - still/yet/again",
"*ʾîš*": "noun, masculine, singular - man/each one",
"*rēʿēhû*": "noun, masculine, singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his neighbor/friend",
"*ʾāḥîw*": "noun, masculine, singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his brother",
"*dᵊʿû*": "verb, qal imperative, masculine plural - know!",
"*kî*": "conjunction - for/because",
"*yēdᵊʿû*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural - they will know",
"*miqᵊṭannām*": "preposition + adjective, masculine, singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - from their small/least",
"*gᵊdôlām*": "adjective, masculine, singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their great/greatest",
"*nᵊʾum*": "construct state noun - utterance/declaration of",
"*ʾeslaḥ*": "verb, qal imperfect, 1st person singular - I will forgive",
"*ʿăwōnām*": "noun, masculine, singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their iniquity",
"*ḥaṭṭāʾtām*": "noun, feminine, singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their sin",
"*ʾezkār*": "verb, qal imperfect, 1st person singular - I will remember"
},
"variants": {
"*ʾîš*": "man/each one/person/individual",
"*rēʿēhû*": "his neighbor/friend/companion/fellow",
"*dᵊʿû*": "know/understand/perceive",
"*ʿăwōnām*": "their iniquity/guilt/punishment",
"*ḥaṭṭāʾtām*": "their sin/offense/punishment for sin"
}
}
35 {
"verseID": "Jeremiah.31.35",
"source": "כֹּ֣ה ׀ אָמַ֣ר יְהוָ֗ה נֹתֵ֥ן שֶׁ֙מֶשׁ֙ לְא֣וֹר יוֹמָ֔ם חֻקֹּ֛ת יָרֵ֥חַ וְכוֹכָבִ֖ים לְא֣וֹר לָ֑יְלָה רֹגַ֤ע הַיָּם֙ וַיֶּהֱמ֣וּ גַלָּ֔יו יְהוָ֥ה צְבָא֖וֹת שְׁמֽוֹ׃",
"text": "Thus *ʾāmar* *YHWH*, *nōtēn* *šemeš* for *ʾôr* by day, *ḥuqqōt* *yārēaḥ* and *kôkābîm* for *ʾôr* by night, *rōgaʿ* the *yām* and *wayyehĕmû* *gallāyw*, *YHWH* *ṣᵊbāʾôt* *šᵊmô*.",
"grammar": {
"*ʾāmar*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he said",
"*YHWH*": "divine name - LORD",
"*nōtēn*": "verb, qal participle, masculine singular - giving/who gives",
"*šemeš*": "noun, common, singular - sun",
"*ʾôr*": "noun, masculine, singular - light",
"*ḥuqqōt*": "noun, feminine, plural, construct - statutes/ordinances of",
"*yārēaḥ*": "noun, masculine, singular - moon",
"*kôkābîm*": "noun, masculine, plural - stars",
"*rōgaʿ*": "verb, qal participle, masculine singular - stirring up/disturbing",
"*yām*": "noun, masculine, singular - sea",
"*wayyehĕmû*": "verb, qal imperfect consecutive, 3rd person masculine plural - and they roar",
"*gallāyw*": "noun, masculine, plural with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - its waves",
"*ṣᵊbāʾôt*": "noun, feminine, plural - hosts/armies",
"*šᵊmô*": "noun, masculine, singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his name"
},
"variants": {
"*nōtēn*": "giving/appointing/placing",
"*ḥuqqōt*": "statutes/ordinances/decrees/prescribed limits",
"*rōgaʿ*": "stirring up/disturbing/agitating/calming",
"*yehĕmû*": "roar/rage/sound/make noise",
"*ṣᵊbāʾôt*": "hosts/armies/multitudes"
}
}
36 {
"verseID": "Jeremiah.31.36",
"source": "אִם־יָמֻ֜שׁוּ הַחֻקִּ֥ים הָאֵ֛לֶּה מִלְּפָנַ֖י נְאֻם־יְהוָ֑ה גַּם֩ זֶ֨רַע יִשְׂרָאֵ֜ל יִשְׁבְּת֗וּ מִֽהְי֥וֹת גּ֛וֹי לְפָנַ֖י כָּל־הַיָּמִֽים׃",
"text": "If-*yāmušû* the *ḥuqqîm* these from before me, *nᵊʾum*-*YHWH*, also *zeraʿ* *Yiśrāʾēl* *yišbᵊtû* from *mihyôt* *gôy* before me all-the *yāmîm*.",
"grammar": {
"*yāmušû*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural - they will depart/cease",
"*ḥuqqîm*": "noun, masculine, plural - statutes/ordinances",
"*nᵊʾum*": "construct state noun - utterance/declaration of",
"*YHWH*": "divine name - LORD",
"*zeraʿ*": "noun, masculine, singular, construct - seed/offspring of",
"*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel",
"*yišbᵊtû*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural - they will cease",
"*mihyôt*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct - from being",
"*gôy*": "noun, masculine, singular - nation",
"*yāmîm*": "noun, masculine, plural - days"
},
"variants": {
"*yāmušû*": "they will depart/cease/be removed",
"*ḥuqqîm*": "statutes/ordinances/decrees/prescribed limits",
"*zeraʿ*": "seed/offspring/descendants/posterity",
"*yišbᵊtû*": "they will cease/stop/be discontinued",
"*gôy*": "nation/people/heathen"
}
}
37 {
"verseID": "Jeremiah.31.37",
"source": "כֹּ֣ה ׀ אָמַ֣ר יְהוָ֗ה אִם־יִמַּ֤דּוּ שָׁמַ֙יִם֙ מִלְמַ֔עְלָה וְיֵחָקְר֥וּ מֽוֹסְדֵי־אֶ֖רֶץ לְמָ֑טָּה גַּם־אֲנִ֞י אֶמְאַ֨ס בְּכָל־זֶ֧רַע יִשְׂרָאֵ֛ל עַֽל־כָּל־אֲשֶׁ֥ר עָשׂ֖וּ נְאֻם־יְהוָֽה׃",
"text": "Thus *ʾāmar* *YHWH*, if-*yimmaddû* *šāmayim* from above, and *yēḥāqᵊrû* *môsᵊdê*-*ʾereṣ* to below, also-I *ʾemʾas* in all-*zeraʿ* *Yiśrāʾēl* for all-which *ʿāśû*, *nᵊʾum*-*YHWH*.",
"grammar": {
"*ʾāmar*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he said",
"*YHWH*": "divine name - LORD",
"*yimmaddû*": "verb, niphal imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural - they will be measured",
"*šāmayim*": "noun, masculine, plural - heavens",
"*yēḥāqᵊrû*": "verb, niphal imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural - they will be searched out",
"*môsᵊdê*": "noun, masculine, plural, construct - foundations of",
"*ʾereṣ*": "noun, feminine, singular - earth/land",
"*ʾemʾas*": "verb, qal imperfect, 1st person singular - I will reject",
"*zeraʿ*": "noun, masculine, singular, construct - seed/offspring of",
"*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel",
"*ʿāśû*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd person common plural - they did/made",
"*nᵊʾum*": "construct state noun - utterance/declaration of"
},
"variants": {
"*yimmaddû*": "they will be measured/estimated",
"*šāmayim*": "heavens/sky",
"*yēḥāqᵊrû*": "they will be searched out/investigated/explored",
"*môsᵊdê*": "foundations/bases",
"*ʾereṣ*": "earth/land/ground/territory",
"*ʾemʾas*": "I will reject/despise/refuse",
"*zeraʿ*": "seed/offspring/descendants/posterity"
}
}
38 {
"verseID": "Jeremiah.31.38",
"source": "הִנֵּ֛ה יָמִ֥ים בָּאִ֖ים נְאֻם־יְהוָ֑ה וְנִבְנְתָ֤ה הָעִיר֙ לַֽיהוָ֔ה מִמִּגְדַּ֥ל חֲנַנְאֵ֖ל שַׁ֥עַר הַפִּנָּֽה׃",
"text": "*Hinnēh* *yāmîm* *bāʾîm* *nᵊʾum*-*YHWH*, and *nibᵊnᵊtâ* the *ʿîr* to *YHWH*, from *migdal* *Ḥănanʾēl* *šaʿar* the *pinnâ*.",
"grammar": {
"*Hinnēh*": "interjection - behold/look",
"*yāmîm*": "noun, masculine, plural - days",
"*bāʾîm*": "verb, qal participle, masculine plural - coming",
"*nᵊʾum*": "construct state noun - utterance/declaration of",
"*YHWH*": "divine name - LORD",
"*nibᵊnᵊtâ*": "verb, niphal perfect, 3rd person feminine singular - she will be built",
"*ʿîr*": "noun, feminine, singular - city",
"*migdal*": "noun, masculine, singular, construct - tower of",
"*Ḥănanʾēl*": "proper noun - Hananeel",
"*šaʿar*": "noun, masculine, singular, construct - gate of",
"*pinnâ*": "noun, feminine, singular - corner"
},
"variants": {
"*Hinnēh*": "behold/look/see/lo",
"*nibᵊnᵊtâ*": "she will be built/rebuilt/established",
"*ʿîr*": "city/town",
"*migdal*": "tower/fortress",
"*šaʿar*": "gate/door/entrance",
"*pinnâ*": "corner/turning point"
}
}