28{
"verseID": "Jeremiah.51.28",
"source": "קַדְּשׁ֨וּ עָלֶ֤יהָ גוֹיִם֙ אֶת־מַלְכֵ֣י מָדַ֔י אֶת־פַּחוֹתֶ֖יהָ וְאֶת־כָּל־סְגָנֶ֑יהָ וְאֵ֖ת כָּל־אֶ֥רֶץ מֶמְשַׁלְתּֽוֹ׃",
"text": "*Qaddeshu* against her *goyim*, *'et-malkey Maday*, *'et-pachoteyha* and *'et-kol-seganeyha*, and *'et* all *'erets memshalto*.",
"grammar": {
"*qaddeshu*": "verb, Piel imperative, masculine plural - consecrate/prepare",
"*'aleyha*": "preposition + 3rd person feminine singular suffix - against her",
"*goyim*": "noun, masculine plural - nations",
"*'et*": "direct object marker",
"*malkey*": "noun, masculine plural construct - kings of",
"*Maday*": "proper noun - Media/Medes",
"*'et*": "direct object marker",
"*pachoteyha*": "noun, masculine plural + 3rd person feminine singular suffix - her governors",
"*we-'et*": "conjunction + direct object marker",
"*kol-seganeyha*": "noun, masculine singular construct + noun, masculine plural + 3rd person feminine singular suffix - all her rulers",
"*we-'et*": "conjunction + direct object marker",
"*kol-'erets*": "noun, masculine singular construct + noun, feminine singular construct - all the land of",
"*memshalto*": "noun, feminine singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his dominion"
},
"variants": {
"*qaddesh*": "consecrate/prepare/sanctify/set apart",
"*malkey*": "kings of/rulers of",
"*pachot*": "governors/deputies/provincial rulers",
"*seganim*": "rulers/officials/prefects",
"*memshalah*": "dominion/rule/authority"
}
}
29{
"verseID": "Jeremiah.51.29",
"source": "וַתִּרְעַ֥שׁ הָאָ֖רֶץ וַתָּחֹ֑ל כִּ֣י קָ֤מָה עַל־בָּבֶל֙ מַחְשְׁב֣וֹת יְהוָ֔ה לָשׂ֞וּם אֶת־אֶ֧רֶץ בָּבֶ֛ל לְשַׁמָּ֖ה מֵאֵ֥ין יוֹשֵֽׁב׃",
"text": "And *ra'ash ha-'arets* and *chul*; for *qum* against *Babel machshevot YHWH*, to *sum 'et-'erets Babel le-shammah me'eyn yoshev*.",
"grammar": {
"*wa-tir'ash*": "conjunction + verb, Qal imperfect + consecutive, 3rd person feminine singular - and it trembles",
"*ha-'arets*": "article + noun, feminine singular - the earth/land",
"*wa-tachol*": "conjunction + verb, Qal imperfect + consecutive, 3rd person feminine singular - and it writhes",
"*ki*": "conjunction - for/because",
"*qamah*": "verb, Qal perfect, 3rd person feminine singular - she arises/stands",
"*'al-Babel*": "preposition + proper noun - against Babylon",
"*machshevot*": "noun, feminine plural construct - plans/thoughts of",
"*YHWH*": "proper noun - Divine Name",
"*la-sum*": "preposition + verb, Qal infinitive construct - to make",
"*'et-'erets*": "direct object marker + noun, feminine singular construct - the land of",
"*Babel*": "proper noun - Babylon",
"*le-shammah*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular - for a desolation",
"*me'eyn*": "preposition + construct particle - without",
"*yoshev*": "participle, Qal active, masculine singular - inhabitant/dweller"
},
"variants": {
"*ra'ash*": "tremble/quake/shake",
"*chul*": "writhe/twist/be in pain",
"*qum*": "arise/stand/be established",
"*machshevot*": "plans/thoughts/devices/designs",
"*sum*": "put/place/set/make",
"*shammah*": "desolation/waste/horror",
"*me'eyn yoshev*": "without inhabitant/with no one dwelling"
}
}
30{
"verseID": "Jeremiah.51.30",
"source": "חָדְלוּ֩ גִבּוֹרֵ֨י בָבֶ֜ל לְהִלָּחֵ֗ם יָֽשְׁבוּ֙ בַּמְּצָד֔וֹת נָשְׁתָ֥ה גְבוּרָתָ֖ם הָי֣וּ לְנָשִׁ֑ים הִצִּ֥יתוּ מִשְׁכְּנֹתֶ֖יהָ נִשְׁבְּר֥וּ בְרִיחֶֽיהָ׃",
"text": "*Chadlu gibborey Babel le-hillachem*, *yashvu ba-metsadot*, *nashtah geburatam*, *hayu le-nashim*; *hitsitu mishkenoteyha*, *nishberu bericheyha*.",
"grammar": {
"*chadlu*": "verb, Qal perfect, 3rd person common plural - they ceased/refrained",
"*gibborey*": "noun, masculine plural construct - mighty men of",
"*Babel*": "proper noun - Babylon",
"*le-hillachem*": "preposition + verb, Niphal infinitive construct - to fight",
"*yashvu*": "verb, Qal perfect, 3rd person common plural - they remain/dwell",
"*ba-metsadot*": "preposition + article + noun, feminine plural - in the strongholds",
"*nashtah*": "verb, Qal perfect, 3rd person feminine singular - it dried up/failed",
"*geburatam*": "noun, feminine singular + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their might",
"*hayu*": "verb, Qal perfect, 3rd person common plural - they became",
"*le-nashim*": "preposition + noun, feminine plural - like women",
"*hitsitu*": "verb, Hiphil perfect, 3rd person common plural - they set on fire",
"*mishkenoteyha*": "noun, feminine plural + 3rd person feminine singular suffix - her dwellings",
"*nishberu*": "verb, Niphal perfect, 3rd person common plural - they are broken",
"*bericheyha*": "noun, masculine plural + 3rd person feminine singular suffix - her bars/bolts"
},
"variants": {
"*chadal*": "cease/refrain/leave off/forbear",
"*gibborim*": "mighty men/warriors/heroes",
"*yashav ba-metsadot*": "remain in strongholds/dwell in fortresses",
"*nashtah*": "dry up/fail/be exhausted",
"*geburah*": "might/strength/power",
"*hayu le-nashim*": "became like women/became weak",
"*hitsit*": "set on fire/kindle/burn",
"*mishkenot*": "dwellings/habitations/tabernacles",
"*nishberu*": "are broken/are shattered",
"*berichim*": "bars/bolts/locks"
}
}
31{
"verseID": "Jeremiah.51.31",
"source": "רָ֤ץ לִקְרַאת־רָץ֙ יָר֔וּץ וּמַגִּ֖יד לִקְרַ֣את מַגִּ֑יד לְהַגִּיד֙ לְמֶ֣לֶךְ בָּבֶ֔ל כִּֽי־נִלְכְּדָ֥ה עִיר֖וֹ מִקָּצֶֽה׃",
"text": "*Rats liqrat-rats yaruts*, and *maggid liqrat maggid*, to *naggid le-melek Babel* that *nilkedad 'iro miqqatseh*.",
"grammar": {
"*rats*": "participle, Qal active, masculine singular - runner",
"*liqrat-rats*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular - to meet runner",
"*yaruts*": "verb, Qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he runs",
"*u-maggid*": "conjunction + participle, Hiphil active, masculine singular - and messenger/one who reports",
"*liqrat*": "preposition - to meet",
"*maggid*": "participle, Hiphil active, masculine singular - messenger/one who reports",
"*le-haggid*": "preposition + verb, Hiphil infinitive construct - to tell/report",
"*le-melek*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular construct - to the king of",
"*Babel*": "proper noun - Babylon",
"*ki*": "conjunction - that",
"*nilkedah*": "verb, Niphal perfect, 3rd person feminine singular - she is captured",
"*'iro*": "noun, feminine singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his city",
"*miqqatseh*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular - from end/completely"
},
"variants": {
"*rats*": "runner/courier",
"*liqrat*": "to meet/towards",
"*maggid*": "messenger/reporter/herald",
"*naggid*": "tell/report/announce/declare",
"*nilkad*": "be captured/be taken/be seized",
"*miqqatseh*": "from end/from extremity/completely"
}
}