19{
"verseID": "Isaiah.13.19",
"source": "וְהָיְתָ֤ה בָבֶל֙ צְבִ֣י מַמְלָכ֔וֹת תִּפְאֶ֖רֶת גְּא֣וֹן כַּשְׂדִּ֑ים כְּמַהְפֵּכַ֣ת אֱלֹהִ֔ים אֶת־סְדֹ֖ם וְאֶת־עֲמֹרָֽה׃",
"text": "*Wə*-*hāyəṯāh* *Bāḇel* *ṣəḇî* *mamləḵôṯ* *tip̄ʾereṯ* *gəʾôn* *Kaśdîm* like-*mahpēḵaṯ* *ʾĔlōhîm* *ʾeṯ*-*Səḏōm* *wə*-*ʾeṯ*-*ʿĂmōrāh*",
"grammar": {
"*wəhāyəṯāh*": "conjunction + verb, Qal perfect, 3rd feminine singular - and she will be",
"*bāḇel*": "proper noun - Babylon",
"*ṣəḇî*": "noun, masculine, singular, construct - glory/beauty of",
"*mamləḵôṯ*": "noun, feminine, plural - kingdoms",
"*tip̄ʾereṯ*": "noun, feminine, singular, construct - splendor/beauty of",
"*gəʾôn*": "noun, masculine, singular, construct - pride of",
"*kaśdîm*": "proper noun - Chaldeans",
"*kəmahpēḵaṯ*": "preposition + noun, feminine, singular, construct - like the overthrow of",
"*ʾĕlōhîm*": "noun, masculine, plural - God",
"*ʾeṯ-səḏōm*": "direct object marker + proper noun - Sodom",
"*wəʾeṯ-ʿămōrāh*": "conjunction + direct object marker + proper noun - and Gomorrah"
},
"variants": {
"*ṣəḇî*": "glory/beauty/splendor/majesty",
"*tip̄ʾereṯ*": "splendor/beauty/glory/adornment",
"*gəʾôn*": "pride/majesty/exaltation",
"*mahpēḵaṯ*": "overthrow/destruction/overturning"
}
}
20{
"verseID": "Isaiah.13.20",
"source": "לֹֽא־תֵשֵׁ֣ב לָנֶ֔צַח וְלֹ֥א תִשְׁכֹּ֖ן עַד־דּ֣וֹר וָד֑וֹר וְלֹֽא־יַהֵ֥ל שָׁם֙ עֲרָבִ֔י וְרֹעִ֖ים לֹא־יַרְבִּ֥צוּ שָֽׁם׃",
"text": "Not-*ṯēšēḇ* for-*neṣaḥ* *wə*-not *ṯiškōn* until-*dôr* *wā*-*ḏôr* *wə*-not-*yahēl* there *ʿĂrāḇî* *wə*-*rōʿîm* not-*yarbîṣû* there",
"grammar": {
"*lōʾ-ṯēšēḇ*": "negative particle + verb, Qal imperfect, 3rd feminine singular - she will not dwell/sit",
"*lāneṣaḥ*": "preposition + noun, masculine, singular - for eternity/forever",
"*wəlōʾ*": "conjunction + negative particle - and not",
"*ṯiškōn*": "verb, Qal imperfect, 3rd feminine singular - she will be inhabited/dwell",
"*ʿaḏ-dôr*": "preposition + noun, masculine, singular - until generation",
"*wāḏôr*": "conjunction + noun, masculine, singular - and generation",
"*wəlōʾ-yahēl*": "conjunction + negative particle + verb, Piel imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and will not pitch tent",
"*šām*": "adverb - there",
"*ʿărāḇî*": "noun, masculine, singular - Arab/nomad",
"*wərōʿîm*": "conjunction + verb, Qal participle, masculine plural - and shepherds",
"*lōʾ-yarbîṣû*": "negative particle + verb, Hiphil imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - will not make lie down",
"*šām*": "adverb - there"
},
"variants": {
"*ṯēšēḇ*": "will dwell/sit/remain",
"*neṣaḥ*": "eternity/forever/perpetuity",
"*ṯiškōn*": "will be inhabited/will dwell/will abide",
"*dôr wāḏôr*": "generation and generation/generation to generation/all generations",
"*yahēl*": "will pitch tent/will camp/will dwell temporarily",
"*ʿărāḇî*": "Arab/nomad/desert dweller",
"*rōʿîm*": "shepherds/herdsmen/pastors",
"*yarbîṣû*": "will make lie down/will cause to rest/will let their flocks rest"
}
}
21{
"verseID": "Isaiah.13.21",
"source": "וְרָבְצוּ־שָׁ֣ם צִיִּ֔ים וּמָלְא֥וּ בָתֵּיהֶ֖ם אֹחִ֑ים וְשָׁ֤כְנוּ שָׁם֙ בְּנ֣וֹת יַֽעֲנָ֔ה וּשְׂעִירִ֖ים יְרַקְּדוּ־שָֽׁם׃",
"text": "*Wə*-*rāḇṣû*-there *ṣiyyîm* *û*-*mālʾû* *ḇāttêhem* *ʾōḥîm* *wə*-*šāḵnû* there *bənôṯ* *yaʿănāh* *û*-*śəʿîrîm* *yəraqqəḏû*-there",
"grammar": {
"*wərāḇṣû-šām*": "conjunction + verb, Qal perfect, 3rd common plural + adverb - and will lie down there",
"*ṣiyyîm*": "noun, masculine, plural - desert creatures/wild beasts",
"*ûmālʾû*": "conjunction + verb, Qal perfect, 3rd common plural - and will fill",
"*ḇāttêhem*": "noun, masculine, plural + 3rd masculine plural suffix - their houses",
"*ʾōḥîm*": "noun, masculine, plural - howling creatures/owls",
"*wəšāḵnû*": "conjunction + verb, Qal perfect, 3rd common plural - and will dwell",
"*šām*": "adverb - there",
"*bənôṯ*": "noun, feminine, plural, construct - daughters of",
"*yaʿănāh*": "noun, feminine, singular - ostrich",
"*ûśəʿîrîm*": "conjunction + noun, masculine, plural - and goat-demons/satyrs",
"*yəraqqəḏû-šām*": "verb, Piel imperfect, 3rd masculine plural + adverb - will dance there"
},
"variants": {
"*ṣiyyîm*": "desert creatures/wild beasts/animals of the desert",
"*ʾōḥîm*": "howling creatures/owls/jackals",
"*bənôṯ yaʿănāh*": "daughters of the ostrich/female ostriches/owls",
"*śəʿîrîm*": "goat-demons/satyrs/wild goats/hairy goats"
}
}
22{
"verseID": "Isaiah.13.22",
"source": "וְעָנָ֤ה אִיִּים֙ בְּאַלְמנוֹתָ֔יו וְתַנִּ֖ים בְּהֵ֣יכְלֵי עֹ֑נֶג וְקָר֤וֹב לָבוֹא֙ עִתָּ֔הּ וְיָמֶ֖יהָ לֹ֥א יִמָּשֵֽׁכוּ׃",
"text": "*Wə*-*ʿānāh* *ʾiyyîm* in-*ʾalmənôṯāyw* *wə*-*ṯannîm* in-*hêḵəlê* *ʿōneg* *wə*-*qārôḇ* to-come *ʿittāh* *wə*-*yāmêhā* not *yimmāšēḵû*",
"grammar": {
"*wəʿānāh*": "conjunction + verb, Qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - and will answer/cry",
"*ʾiyyîm*": "noun, masculine, plural - hyenas/howling creatures",
"*bəʾalmənôṯāyw*": "preposition + noun, feminine, plural + 3rd masculine singular suffix - in his/its widow-places/desolate palaces",
"*wəṯannîm*": "conjunction + noun, masculine, plural - and jackals/dragons",
"*bəhêḵəlê*": "preposition + noun, masculine, plural, construct - in palaces of",
"*ʿōneg*": "noun, masculine, singular - pleasure/luxury/delight",
"*wəqārôḇ*": "conjunction + adjective, masculine singular - and near",
"*lāḇôʾ*": "preposition + verb, Qal infinitive construct - to come",
"*ʿittāh*": "noun, feminine, singular + 3rd feminine singular suffix - her time",
"*wəyāmêhā*": "conjunction + noun, masculine, plural + 3rd feminine singular suffix - and her days",
"*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not",
"*yimmāšēḵû*": "verb, Niphal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - will be prolonged/extended"
},
"variants": {
"*ʿānāh*": "will answer/cry/howl/respond",
"*ʾiyyîm*": "hyenas/howling creatures/wild dogs/jackals",
"*ʾalmənôṯāyw*": "his widow-places/desolate palaces/forsaken places",
"*ṯannîm*": "jackals/dragons/sea monsters",
"*hêḵəlê*": "palaces/temples",
"*ʿōneg*": "pleasure/luxury/delight",
"*yimmāšēḵû*": "will be prolonged/extended/delayed"
}
}