Gal 2:11-14 : 11 {
"verseID": "Galatians.2.11",
"source": "Ὅτε δὲ ἦλθεν Πέτρος εἰς Ἀντιόχειαν, κατὰ πρόσωπον αὐτῷ ἀντέστην, ὅτι κατεγνωσμένος ἦν.",
"text": "When *de* *Petros* came *eis Antiocheian*, *kata prosōpon autō antestēn*, because *kategnōsmenos ēn*.",
"grammar": {
"*hote de*": "conjunction + particle - but when/and when",
"*ēlthen*": "aorist, active, indicative, 3rd person singular - came/had come",
"*Petros*": "nominative, masculine, singular - Peter",
"*eis Antiocheian*": "preposition + accusative, feminine, singular - to Antioch",
"*kata prosōpon*": "preposition + accusative, neuter, singular - to [his] face/in person",
"*autō*": "dative, masculine, singular - to him",
"*antestēn*": "aorist, active, indicative, 1st person singular - I opposed/withstood",
"*hoti*": "conjunction - because",
"*kategnōsmenos ēn*": "perfect, passive, participle, nominative, masculine, singular + imperfect, 3rd person singular - he was condemned/stood condemned"
},
"variants": {
"*kata prosōpon*": "to [his] face/in person/directly",
"*antestēn*": "I opposed/I withstood/I confronted",
"*kategnōsmenos ēn*": "he was condemned/he stood condemned/he was worthy of blame"
}
}
12 {
"verseID": "Galatians.2.12",
"source": "Πρὸ τοῦ γὰρ ἐλθεῖν τινας ἀπὸ Ἰακώβου, μετὰ τῶν Ἐθνῶν συνήσθιεν: ὅτε δὲ ἦλθον, ὑπέστελλεν καὶ ἀφώριζεν ἑαυτόν, φοβούμενος τοὺς ἐκ περιτομῆς.",
"text": "*Pro tou gar elthein tinas apo Iakōbou*, with the *Ethnōn* he *synēsthien*: when *de* they came, he *hypestellen kai aphōrizen heauton*, *phoboumenos* those *ek peritomēs*.",
"grammar": {
"*pro tou*": "preposition + genitive article - before",
"*gar*": "conjunction - for",
"*elthein*": "aorist, active, infinitive - to come",
"*tinas*": "accusative, masculine, plural - certain ones",
"*apo Iakōbou*": "preposition + genitive, masculine, singular - from James",
"*meta tōn Ethnōn*": "preposition + genitive, neuter, plural - with the Gentiles",
"*synēsthien*": "imperfect, active, indicative, 3rd person singular - he was eating with",
"*hote de*": "conjunction + particle - but when",
"*ēlthon*": "aorist, active, indicative, 3rd person plural - they came",
"*hypestellen*": "imperfect, active, indicative, 3rd person singular - he was withdrawing",
"*kai*": "conjunction - and",
"*aphōrizen*": "imperfect, active, indicative, 3rd person singular - he was separating",
"*heauton*": "accusative, reflexive pronoun, masculine, singular - himself",
"*phoboumenos*": "present, middle/passive, participle, nominative, masculine, singular - fearing",
"*tous ek peritomēs*": "accusative, masculine, plural + preposition + genitive, feminine, singular - those of/from circumcision"
},
"variants": {
"*synēsthien*": "was eating with/was sharing meals with/was having table fellowship with",
"*hypestellen*": "was withdrawing/was drawing back/was pulling away",
"*aphōrizen heauton*": "was separating himself/was setting himself apart/was keeping himself separate",
"*phoboumenos*": "fearing/being afraid of/dreading",
"*tous ek peritomēs*": "those of the circumcision/the Jewish Christians/those from the circumcision party"
}
}
13 {
"verseID": "Galatians.2.13",
"source": "Καὶ συνυπεκρίθησαν αὐτῷ καὶ οἱ λοιποὶ Ἰουδαῖοι· ὥστε καὶ Βαρναβᾶς συναπήχθη αὐτῶν τῇ ὑποκρίσει.",
"text": "And *synypekrithēsan autō* also the rest of *Ioudaioi*; *hōste* also *Barnabas synapēchthē* by their *hypokrisei*.",
"grammar": {
"*kai*": "conjunction - and",
"*synypekrithēsan*": "aorist, passive, indicative, 3rd person plural - joined in hypocrisy",
"*autō*": "dative, masculine, singular - with him",
"*kai*": "conjunction - also/even",
"*hoi loipoi*": "nominative, masculine, plural - the rest/remaining",
"*Ioudaioi*": "nominative, masculine, plural - Jews",
"*hōste*": "conjunction - so that/with the result that",
"*kai*": "conjunction - also/even",
"*Barnabas*": "nominative, masculine, singular - Barnabas",
"*synapēchthē*": "aorist, passive, indicative, 3rd person singular - was carried away with",
"*autōn*": "genitive, masculine, plural - their/of them",
"*tē hypokrisei*": "dative, feminine, singular - by the hypocrisy"
},
"variants": {
"*synypekrithēsan*": "joined in hypocrisy/acted hypocritically with/played along with the pretense",
"*synapēchthē*": "was carried away with/was led astray with/was swept along with",
"*hypokrisei*": "hypocrisy/pretense/insincerity"
}
}
14 {
"verseID": "Galatians.2.14",
"source": "Ἀλλʼ ὅτε εἶδον ὅτι οὐκ ὀρθοποδοῦσιν πρὸς τὴν ἀλήθειαν τοῦ εὐαγγελίου, εἶπον τῷ Πέτρῳ ἔμπροσθεν πάντων, Εἰ σὺ, Ἰουδαῖος ὑπάρχων, Ἐθνικῶς ζῇς, καὶ οὐκ Ἰουδαϊκῶς, τί τὰ Ἔθνη ἀναγκάζεις Ἰουδαΐζειν;",
"text": "But when I *eidon* that they *ouk orthopodousin pros* the *alētheian* of the *euangeliou*, I *eipon* to *Petrō emprosthen pantōn*, If you, *Ioudaios hyparchōn*, *Ethnikōs zēs*, and not *Ioudaikōs*, why the *Ethnē* do you *anankazeis Ioudaizein*?",
"grammar": {
"*all' hote*": "conjunction + conjunction - but when",
"*eidon*": "aorist, active, indicative, 1st person singular - I saw",
"*hoti*": "conjunction - that",
"*ouk orthopodousin*": "negative + present, active, indicative, 3rd person plural - they are not walking straight",
"*pros*": "preposition + accusative - according to/toward",
"*tēn alētheian*": "accusative, feminine, singular - the truth",
"*tou euangeliou*": "genitive, neuter, singular - of the gospel",
"*eipon*": "aorist, active, indicative, 1st person singular - I said",
"*tō Petrō*": "dative, masculine, singular - to Peter",
"*emprosthen pantōn*": "preposition + genitive, neuter, plural - before all/in the presence of all",
"*ei*": "conditional particle - if",
"*sy*": "nominative, 2nd person singular - you",
"*Ioudaios hyparchōn*": "nominative, masculine, singular + present, active, participle - being a Jew",
"*Ethnikōs*": "adverb - like a Gentile/in Gentile manner",
"*zēs*": "present, active, indicative, 2nd person singular - you live",
"*kai ouk*": "conjunction + negative - and not",
"*Ioudaikōs*": "adverb - Jewishly/in Jewish manner",
"*ti*": "interrogative pronoun - why",
"*ta Ethnē*": "accusative, neuter, plural - the Gentiles",
"*anankazeis*": "present, active, indicative, 2nd person singular - you compel",
"*Ioudaizein*": "present, active, infinitive - to live as Jews/to Judaize"
},
"variants": {
"*orthopodousin*": "walk straight/walk uprightly/conduct properly",
"*Ioudaios hyparchōn*": "being a Jew/existing as a Jew/though you are a Jew",
"*Ethnikōs zēs*": "live like a Gentile/follow Gentile customs/live in Gentile way",
"*anankazeis*": "compel/force/require",
"*Ioudaizein*": "to Judaize/to live as Jews/to follow Jewish customs"
}
}