4{
"verseID": "Joshua.9.4",
"source": "וַיַּעֲשׂ֤וּ גַם־הֵ֙מָּה֙ בְּעָרְמָ֔ה וַיֵּלְכ֖וּ וַיִּצְטַיָּ֑רוּ וַיִּקְח֞וּ שַׂקִּ֤ים בָּלִים֙ לַחֲמ֣וֹרֵיהֶ֔ם וְנֹאד֥וֹת יַ֙יִן֙ בָּלִ֔ים וּמְבֻקָּעִ֖ים וּמְצֹרָרִֽים",
"text": "And-they-*yaʿăśû* also-they in-*ʿormâ* and-they-*yēlḵû* and-they-*yiṣṭayyārû* and-they-*yiqqəḥû* *śaqqîm* *bālîm* for-*ḥămôrê*-them and-*nōʾḏôṯ* *yayin* *bālîm* and-*məḇuqqāʿîm* and-*məṣōrārîm*",
"grammar": {
"*yaʿăśû*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural - they acted/did",
"*ʿormâ*": "feminine singular noun - craftiness/cunning/deception",
"*yēlḵû*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural - they went",
"*yiṣṭayyārû*": "Hitpael imperfect 3rd masculine plural - they disguised themselves as envoys",
"*yiqqəḥû*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural - they took",
"*śaqqîm*": "masculine plural - sacks/bags",
"*bālîm*": "masculine plural adjective - worn out/old",
"*ḥămôrê*": "masculine plural construct - donkeys of",
"*nōʾḏôṯ*": "masculine plural - skins/bottles",
"*yayin*": "masculine singular - wine",
"*məḇuqqāʿîm*": "Pual participle masculine plural - torn/split",
"*məṣōrārîm*": "Pual participle masculine plural - bound up/mended"
},
"variants": {
"*ʿormâ*": "craftiness/cunning/shrewdness/deception",
"*yiṣṭayyārû*": "they disguised themselves/presented themselves as ambassadors",
"*bālîm*": "worn out/old/tattered",
"*məḇuqqāʿîm*": "torn/split/cracked",
"*məṣōrārîm*": "patched/mended/bound up"
}
}
5{
"verseID": "Joshua.9.5",
"source": "וּנְעָל֨וֹת בָּל֤וֹת וּמְטֻלָּאוֹת֙ בְּרַגְלֵיהֶ֔ם וּשְׂלָמ֥וֹת בָּל֖וֹת עֲלֵיהֶ֑ם וְכֹל֙ לֶ֣חֶם צֵידָ֔ם יָבֵ֖שׁ הָיָ֥ה נִקֻּדִֽים",
"text": "And-*nəʿālôṯ* *bālôṯ* and-*məṭullāʾôṯ* on-*raḡlê*-them and-*śəlāmôṯ* *bālôṯ* upon-them and-all *leḥem* *ṣêḏām* *yāḇēš* was *niqqūḏîm*",
"grammar": {
"*nəʿālôṯ*": "feminine plural - sandals",
"*bālôṯ*": "feminine plural adjective - worn out/old",
"*məṭullāʾôṯ*": "Pual participle feminine plural - patched",
"*raḡlê*": "feminine dual construct - feet of",
"*śəlāmôṯ*": "feminine plural - garments/clothes",
"*leḥem*": "masculine singular construct - bread of",
"*ṣêḏām*": "masculine singular + 3rd masculine plural suffix - their provision",
"*yāḇēš*": "masculine singular adjective - dry",
"*niqqūḏîm*": "masculine plural - crumbled/moldy"
},
"variants": {
"*bālôṯ*": "worn out/old/tattered",
"*məṭullāʾôṯ*": "patched/mended",
"*śəlāmôṯ*": "garments/clothes/outer garments",
"*yāḇēš*": "dry/stale",
"*niqqūḏîm*": "crumbled/moldy/spotted with mold"
}
}
6{
"verseID": "Joshua.9.6",
"source": "וַיֵּלְכ֧וּ אֶל־יְהוֹשֻׁ֛עַ אֶל־הַֽמַּחֲנֶ֖ה הַגִּלְגָּ֑ל וַיֹּאמְר֨וּ אֵלָ֜יו וְאֶל־אִ֣ישׁ יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל מֵאֶ֤רֶץ רְחוֹקָה֙ בָּ֔אנוּ וְעַתָּ֖ה כִּרְתוּ־לָ֥נוּ בְרִֽית",
"text": "And-they-*yēlḵû* to-*yəhôšuaʿ* to-the-*maḥănê* the-*gilgāl* and-they-*yōʾmərû* to-him and-to-*ʾîš* *yiśrāʾēl* from-*ʾereṣ* *rəḥôqâ* we-*bāʾnû* and-now *kirṯû*-to-us *bərîṯ*",
"grammar": {
"*yēlḵû*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural - they went",
"*yəhôšuaʿ*": "proper noun - Joshua",
"*maḥănê*": "masculine singular - camp",
"*gilgāl*": "proper noun - Gilgal",
"*yōʾmərû*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural - they said",
"*ʾîš*": "masculine singular construct - men of",
"*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel",
"*ʾereṣ*": "feminine singular construct - land of",
"*rəḥôqâ*": "feminine singular adjective - far/distant",
"*bāʾnû*": "Qal perfect 1st common plural - we have come",
"*kirṯû*": "Qal imperative masculine plural - cut",
"*bərîṯ*": "feminine singular - covenant"
},
"variants": {
"*maḥănê*": "camp/encampment",
"*ʾîš*": "men/people",
"*ʾereṣ* *rəḥôqâ*": "distant land/far country",
"*kirṯû* *bərîṯ*": "make a covenant/cut a treaty"
}
}
7{
"verseID": "Joshua.9.7",
"source": "*ויאמרו **וַיֹּ֥אמֶר אִֽישׁ־יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל אֶל־הַחִוִּ֑י אוּלַ֗י בְּקִרְבִּי֙ אַתָּ֣ה יוֹשֵׁ֔ב וְאֵ֖יךְ *אכרות־**אֶֽכְרָת־לְךָ֥ בְרִֽית",
"text": "And-he-*yōʾmer* *ʾîš*-*yiśrāʾēl* to-the-*ḥiwwî* *ʾûlay* in-*qirbî* you *yôšēḇ* and-how *ʾeḵrāṯ*-to-you *bərîṯ*",
"grammar": {
"*yōʾmer*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - he said (textual variant shows plural form *yōʾmərû* - they said)",
"*ʾîš*": "masculine singular construct - men of",
"*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel",
"*ḥiwwî*": "gentilic adjective - Hivite",
"*ʾûlay*": "adverb - perhaps",
"*qirbî*": "masculine singular + 1st common singular suffix - my midst",
"*yôšēḇ*": "Qal participle masculine singular - dwelling",
"*ʾeḵrāṯ*": "Qal imperfect 1st common singular - I will cut (textual variant notes another form)",
"*bərîṯ*": "feminine singular - covenant"
},
"variants": {
"*ʾûlay*": "perhaps/maybe/what if",
"*qirbî*": "my midst/among us",
"*yôšēḇ*": "dwelling/residing/living",
"*ʾeḵrāṯ* *bərîṯ*": "make a covenant/cut a treaty"
}
}