Matthew 26:74

biblecontext

{ "verseID": "Matthew.26.74", "source": "Τότε ἤρξατο καταθεματίζειν καὶ ὀμνύειν, ὅτι Οὐκ οἶδα τὸν ἄνθρωπον. Καὶ εὐθέως ἀλέκτωρ ἐφώνησεν.", "text": "Then *ērxato* *katathematizein* and *omnuein*, that Not *oida* the *anthrōpon*. And immediately *alektōr* *ephōnēsen*.", "grammar": { "*ērxato*": "aorist middle, 3rd singular - began", "*katathematizein*": "present active infinitive - to curse/to invoke curses", "*omnuein*": "present active infinitive - to swear/to take oaths", "*oida*": "perfect active with present meaning, 1st singular - I know", "*anthrōpon*": "accusative, masculine, singular - man", "*alektōr*": "nominative, masculine, singular - rooster/cock", "*ephōnēsen*": "aorist active, 3rd singular - crowed/called out" }, "variants": { "*katathematizein*": "to curse/to call down curses/to invoke divine punishment", "*omnuein*": "to swear/to take oaths/to make solemn declarations", "*anthrōpon*": "man/person/human being", "*alektōr*": "rooster/cock" } }

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

Τότε ἤρξατο καταθεματίζειν καὶ ὀμνύειν, ὅτι Οὐκ οἶδα τὸν ἄνθρωπον. Καὶ εὐθέως ἀλέκτωρ ἐφώνησεν.

Transliteration

Then ērxato katathematizein and omnuein, that Not oida the anthrōpon. And immediately alektōr ephōnēsen.

Grammar Details

• *ērxato*: aorist middle, 3rd singular - began
• *katathematizein*: present active infinitive - to curse/to invoke curses
• *omnuein*: present active infinitive - to swear/to take oaths
• *oida*: perfect active with present meaning, 1st singular - I know
• *anthrōpon*: accusative, masculine, singular - man
• *alektōr*: nominative, masculine, singular - rooster/cock
• *ephōnēsen*: aorist active, 3rd singular - crowed/called out

Word Meanings

• *katathematizein*: to curse/to call down curses/to invoke divine punishment
• *omnuein*: to swear/to take oaths/to make solemn declarations
• *anthrōpon*: man/person/human being
• *alektōr*: rooster/cock

Other Translations

• Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts

  Then Peter began to call down curses and swore to them, "I do not know the man!" Immediately, a rooster crowed.

• King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)

  Then began he to curse and to swear, saying, I know not the man. And immediately the cock crew.

• KJV1611 – Modern English

  Then he began to curse and to swear, saying, I do not know the man. And immediately the rooster crowed.

• King James Version 1611 (Original)

  Then began he to curse and to swear, saying, I know not the man. And immediately the cock crew.

• American Standard Version with Strong's Numbers

  Then{G5119} began he{G756} to curse{G2653} and{G2532} to swear,{G3660} I know{G1492} not{G3756} the man.{G444} And{G2532} straightway{G2112} the cock{G220} crew.{G5455}

• King James Version with Strong's Numbers

  Then{G5119} began he{G756}{(G5662)} to curse{G2653}{(G5721)} and{G2532} to swear{G3660}{(G5721)}, saying,{G3754} I know{G1492}{(G5758)} not{G3756} the man{G444}. And{G2532} immediately{G2112} the cock{G220} crew{G5455}{(G5656)}.

• Tyndale Bible (1526/1534)

  Then beganne he to course and to sweare that he knewe not the man. And immedyatly the cocke krewe.

• Coverdale Bible (1535)

  Then begane he to curse and to sweare: I knowe not the man. And immediatly the cock crew.

• Geneva Bible (1560)

  Then began hee to curse himselfe, and to sweare, saying, I knowe not the man; immediately the cocke crewe.

• Bishops' Bible (1568)

  Then began he to curse, & to sweare, that he knewe not the man. And immediatly the Cocke crewe.

• Authorized King James Version (1611)

  Then began he to curse and to swear, [saying], I know not the man. And immediately the cock crew.

• Webster's Bible (1833)

  Then he began to curse and to swear, "I don't know the man!" Immediately the rooster crowed.

• Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

  Then began he to anathematise, and to swear -- `I have not known the man;' and immediately did a cock crow,

• American Standard Version (1901)

  Then began he to curse and to swear, I know not the man. And straightway the cock crew.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  Then began he to curse and to swear, I know not the man. And straightway the cock crew.

• Bible in Basic English (1941)

  Then with curses and oaths he said, I have no knowledge of the man. And straight away there came the cry of a cock.

• World English Bible (2000)

  Then he began to curse and to swear, "I don't know the man!" Immediately the rooster crowed.

• NET Bible® (New English Translation)

  At that he began to curse, and he swore with an oath,“I do not know the man!” At that moment a rooster crowed.

Referenced Verses

• Matt 10:28 : 28 { "verseID": "Matthew.10.28", "source": "Καὶ μὴ φοβηθῆτε ἀπὸ τῶν ἀποκτεννόντων τὸ σῶμα, τὴν δὲ ψυχὴν μὴ δυναμένων ἀποκτεῖναι: φοβηθήτε δὲ μᾶλλον τὸν δυνάμενον καὶ ψυχὴν καὶ σῶμα ἀπολέσαι ἐν γεέννῃ.", "text": "And *mē* *phobēthēte* from the ones *apoktennontōn* the *sōma*, the *de* *psychēn* *mē* *dynamenōn* *apokteinai*: *phobēthēte* *de* *mallon* the one *dynamenon* both *psychēn* and *sōma* *apolesai* in *geennē*.", "grammar": { "*mē*": "negative particle - not", "*phobēthēte*": "aorist passive subjunctive, 2nd plural - fear/be afraid", "*apoktennontōn*": "present active participle, genitive masculine plural - killing", "*sōma*": "accusative neuter singular - body", "*de*": "postpositive particle - but/and", "*psychēn*": "accusative feminine singular - soul/life", "*dynamenōn*": "present middle participle, genitive masculine plural - being able", "*apokteinai*": "aorist active infinitive - to kill", "*mallon*": "comparative adverb - rather/more", "*dynamenon*": "present middle participle, accusative masculine singular - being able", "*apolesai*": "aorist active infinitive - to destroy", "*geennē*": "dative feminine singular - hell/Gehenna" }, "variants": { "*phobēthēte*": "fear/be afraid of/be frightened by", "*apoktennontōn*": "killing/slaying/murdering", "*sōma*": "body/physical form", "*psychēn*": "soul/life/inner self", "*dynamenōn*": "being able/having power", "*apokteinai*": "to kill/slay/put to death", "*mallon*": "rather/more/instead", "*dynamenon*": "being able/having power", "*apolesai*": "to destroy/ruin/cause to perish", "*geennē*": "hell/Gehenna/place of punishment" } }
• Acts 23:12-14 : 12 { "verseID": "Acts.23.12", "source": "Γενομένης δὲ ἡμέρας, ποιήσαντές τινες τῶν Ἰουδαίων συστροφήν, ἀνεθεμάτισαν ἑαυτούς, λέγοντες μήτε φαγεῖν μήτε πιεῖν ἕως οὗ ἀποκτείνωσιν τὸν Παῦλον.", "text": "*Genomenēs* *de* *hēmeras*, *poiēsantes* some of-the *Ioudaiōn* *systrophēn*, *anethematisan* themselves, *legontes* neither *phagein* nor *piein* until which *apokteinōsin* the *Paulon*.", "grammar": { "*Genomenēs*": "aorist middle participle, genitive feminine singular - having come", "*de*": "postpositive particle - but/and", "*hēmeras*": "genitive feminine singular - day", "*poiēsantes*": "aorist active participle, nominative masculine plural - having made", "*Ioudaiōn*": "genitive masculine plural - of Jews", "*systrophēn*": "accusative feminine singular - conspiracy/gathering", "*anethematisan*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person plural - they bound with a curse", "*legontes*": "present active participle, nominative masculine plural - saying", "*phagein*": "aorist active infinitive - to eat", "*piein*": "aorist active infinitive - to drink", "*apokteinōsin*": "aorist active subjunctive, 3rd person plural - they might kill", "*Paulon*": "accusative masculine singular - Paul" }, "variants": { "*Genomenēs*": "having come/arrived/occurred", "*poiēsantes*": "having made/formed/created", "*systrophēn*": "conspiracy/plot/band/gathering", "*anethematisan*": "bound under a curse/put under oath/vowed with a curse", "*apokteinōsin*": "they might kill/slay/murder" } } 13 { "verseID": "Acts.23.13", "source": "Ἦσαν δὲ πλείους τεσσαράκοντα οἱ ταύτην τὴν συνωμοσίαν πεποιηκότες.", "text": "*Ēsan* *de* more-than *tessarakonta* the-ones this the *synōmosian* *pepoiēkotes*.", "grammar": { "*Ēsan*": "imperfect active indicative, 3rd person plural - they were", "*de*": "postpositive particle - but/and", "*tessarakonta*": "cardinal numeral - forty", "*synōmosian*": "accusative feminine singular - conspiracy/oath together", "*pepoiēkotes*": "perfect active participle, nominative masculine plural - having made" }, "variants": { "*pleiou*": "more than/more numerous than/greater than", "*synōmosian*": "conspiracy/plot/sworn compact/oath", "*pepoiēkotes*": "having made/formed/created/entered into" } } 14 { "verseID": "Acts.23.14", "source": "Οἵτινες προσελθόντες τοῖς ἀρχιερεῦσιν καὶ τοῖς πρεσβυτέροις, εἶπον, Ἀναθέματι ἀνεθεματίσαμεν ἑαυτούς, μηδενὸς γεύσασθαι ἕως οὗ ἀποκτείνωμεν τὸν Παῦλον.", "text": "Who *proselthontes* to-the *archiereusin* and to-the *presbyterois*, *eipon*, With-*anathemati* *anethematisamen* ourselves, nothing *geusasthai* until which *apokteinōmen* the *Paulon*.", "grammar": { "*proselthontes*": "aorist active participle, nominative masculine plural - having come to", "*archiereusin*": "dative masculine plural - chief priests", "*presbyterois*": "dative masculine plural - elders", "*eipon*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person plural - they said", "*anathemati*": "dative neuter singular - with a curse", "*anethematisamen*": "aorist active indicative, 1st person plural - we have bound with a curse", "*geusasthai*": "aorist middle infinitive - to taste", "*apokteinōmen*": "aorist active subjunctive, 1st person plural - we might kill", "*Paulon*": "accusative masculine singular - Paul" }, "variants": { "*proselthontes*": "having come to/approached/gone to", "*archiereusin*": "high priests/chief priests", "*presbyterois*": "elders/older men", "*anathemati anethematisamen*": "Hebrew idiom: 'with a curse we have bound ourselves with a curse'", "*geusasthai*": "to taste/eat/experience", "*apokteinōmen*": "we might kill/slay/murder" } }
• 1 Cor 16:22 : 22 { "verseID": "1 Corinthians.16.22", "source": "Εἴ τις οὐ φιλεῖ τὸν Κύριον Ἰησοῦν Χριστόν, ἤτω Ἀνάθεμα Μαρὰν ἀθα.", "text": "*Ei tis ou philei ton Kyrion Iēsoun Christon*, *ētō Anathema Maran atha*.", "grammar": { "*Ei*": "conditional particle - if", "*tis*": "nominative, masculine, singular, indefinite pronoun - anyone", "*ou*": "negative particle - not", "*philei*": "present, indicative, active, 3rd person, singular - loves", "*ton Kyrion*": "accusative, masculine, singular - the Lord", "*Iēsoun*": "accusative, masculine, singular - Jesus", "*Christon*": "accusative, masculine, singular - Christ", "*ētō*": "present, imperative, active, 3rd person, singular - let him be", "*Anathema*": "nominative, neuter, singular - accursed/devoted to destruction", "*Maran atha*": "Aramaic phrase - Our Lord comes/has come" }, "variants": { "*philei*": "loves/has affection for", "*Anathema*": "accursed/devoted to destruction/set apart for divine punishment", "*Maran atha*": "Our Lord comes/Our Lord, come!/The Lord is coming" } }
• Rev 3:19 : 19 { "verseID": "Revelation.3.19", "source": "Ἐγὼ Ὅσους ἐὰν φιλῶ, ἐλέγχω καὶ παιδεύω: ζήλωσον οὖν, καὶ μετανόησον.", "text": "I *Hosous* if *philō*, *elenchō* and *paideuō*: *zēlōson* therefore, and *metanoēson*.", "grammar": { "*Hosous*": "accusative, masculine, plural, relative - as many as", "*philō*": "present active, 1st singular - I love", "*elenchō*": "present active, 1st singular - I rebuke/reprove", "*paideuō*": "present active, 1st singular - I discipline/train", "*zēlōson*": "aorist active imperative, 2nd singular - be zealous", "*metanoēson*": "aorist active imperative, 2nd singular - repent" }, "variants": { "*Hosous*": "as many as/whoever/all whom", "*philō*": "love/have affection for/cherish", "*elenchō*": "rebuke/reprove/expose/convict", "*paideuō*": "discipline/train/educate/correct", "*zēlōson*": "be zealous/earnest/eager", "*metanoēson*": "repent/change your mind/turn around in thinking" } }
• Rom 9:3 : 3 { "verseID": "Romans.9.3", "source": "Ηὐχόμην γὰρ αὐτὸς ἐγὼ ἀνάθεμα εἶναι ἀπὸ τοῦ Χριστοῦ ὑπὲρ τῶν ἀδελφῶν μου, τῶν συγγενῶν μου κατὰ σάρκα:", "text": "For *ēuchomēn* *autos egō anathema einai* from the *Christou hyper* the *adelphōn* of me, the *syngenōn* of me *kata sarka*:", "grammar": { "*ēuchomēn*": "imperfect, indicative, middle/passive, 1st person singular - I was wishing/praying", "*autos*": "intensive pronoun, nominative, masculine, singular - myself", "*egō*": "personal pronoun, nominative, 1st person singular - I", "*anathema*": "nominative, neuter, singular - accursed/devoted to destruction", "*einai*": "present, infinitive - to be", "*Christou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - of Christ", "*hyper*": "preposition + genitive - for/on behalf of", "*adelphōn*": "genitive, masculine, plural - brothers/siblings", "*syngenōn*": "genitive, masculine, plural - relatives/kinsmen", "*kata sarka*": "preposition + accusative - according to flesh" }, "variants": { "*ēuchomēn*": "I was wishing/praying/desiring", "*anathema*": "accursed/devoted to destruction/cut off", "*hyper*": "for/on behalf of/for the sake of", "*adelphōn*": "brothers/brethren/spiritual siblings", "*syngenōn*": "relatives/kinsmen/countrymen", "*kata sarka*": "according to flesh/by natural descent/physically" } }
• Judg 17:2 : 2 { "verseID": "Judges.17.2", "source": "וַיֹּ֣אמֶר לְאִמּ֡וֹ אֶלֶף֩ וּמֵאָ֨ה הַכֶּ֜סֶף אֲשֶׁ֣ר לֻֽקַּֽח־לָ֗ךְ וְאַ֤תְּ אָלִית֙ וְגַם֙ אָמַ֣רְתְּ בְּאָזְנַ֔י הִנֵּֽה־הַכֶּ֥סֶף אִתִּ֖י אֲנִ֣י לְקַחְתִּ֑יו וַתֹּ֣אמֶר אִמּ֔וֹ בָּר֥וּךְ בְּנִ֖י לַיהוָֽה׃", "text": "And *wayyōʾmer* to *ʾimmô* one thousand and one hundred of *hakkesep̄* which *luqqaḥ*-to you and you *ʾālît* and also *ʾāmart* in *ʾoznay* behold-*hakkesep̄* with me *ʾănî* *lĕqaḥtîw* and *wattōʾmer* *ʾimmô* *bārûḵ* *bĕnî* to *YHWH*.", "grammar": { "*wayyōʾmer*": "waw-consecutive + 3rd masculine singular imperfect of *ʾāmar* - and he said", "*ʾimmô*": "feminine singular noun + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his mother", "*hakkesep̄*": "definite article + masculine singular noun - the silver", "*luqqaḥ*": "3rd masculine singular passive perfect of *lāqaḥ* - was taken", "*ʾālît*": "2nd feminine singular perfect of *ʾālâ* - you pronounced a curse/oath", "*ʾāmart*": "2nd feminine singular perfect of *ʾāmar* - you said", "*ʾoznay*": "feminine dual noun construct + 1st singular suffix - my ears", "*ʾănî*": "1st person singular independent pronoun - I", "*lĕqaḥtîw*": "1st singular perfect of *lāqaḥ* + 3rd masculine singular suffix - I took it", "*wattōʾmer*": "waw-consecutive + 3rd feminine singular imperfect of *ʾāmar* - and she said", "*bārûḵ*": "passive participle masculine singular - blessed", "*bĕnî*": "masculine singular noun + 1st singular suffix - my son", "*YHWH*": "divine name" }, "variants": { "*ʾālît*": "you swore/uttered a curse/took an oath", "*lĕqaḥtîw*": "I took it/I have taken it" } }
• Judg 21:18 : 18 { "verseID": "Judges.21.18", "source": "וַאֲנַ֗חְנוּ לֹ֥א נוּכַ֛ל לָתֵת־לָהֶ֥ם נָשִׁ֖ים מִבְּנוֹתֵ֑ינוּ כִּֽי־נִשְׁבְּע֤וּ בְנֵֽי־יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ לֵאמֹ֔ר אָר֕וּר נֹתֵ֥ן אִשָּׁ֖ה לְבִנְיָמִֽן׃ ס", "text": "And *ʾănaḥnû* not *nûkal* *lātēt*-to them *nāšîm* from our *bənôt* for *nišbəʿû* *bənê-Yiśrāʾēl* *lēʾmōr* *ʾārûr* *nōtēn* *ʾiššāh* to *Binyāmîn*.", "grammar": { "*wa-*": "conjunction - and", "*ʾănaḥnû*": "pronoun, 1st plural - we", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*nûkal*": "verb, qal imperfect, 1st plural - we are able", "*lātēt*": "preposition + verb, qal infinitive construct - to give", "*lāhem*": "preposition + 3rd masculine plural suffix - to them", "*nāšîm*": "noun, feminine, plural - wives", "*mi-bənôtênû*": "preposition + noun, feminine, plural construct + 1st plural suffix - from our daughters", "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*nišbəʿû*": "verb, niphal perfect, 3rd common plural - swore", "*bənê-Yiśrāʾēl*": "noun, masculine, plural construct + proper noun - sons of Israel", "*lēʾmōr*": "preposition + verb, qal infinitive construct - saying", "*ʾārûr*": "passive participle, qal - cursed", "*nōtēn*": "verb, qal participle, masculine singular - one giving", "*ʾiššāh*": "noun, feminine, singular - woman/wife", "*lə-Binyāmîn*": "preposition + proper noun - to Benjamin" }, "variants": { "*nûkal*": "we are able/we can", "*lātēt*": "to give/to provide", "*nišbəʿû*": "swore/took an oath", "*ʾārûr*": "cursed/under a curse", "*nōtēn*": "one giving/anyone who gives" } }
• 1 Sam 14:24-28 : 24 { "verseID": "1 Samuel.14.24", "source": "וְאִֽישׁ־יִשְׂרָאֵ֥ל נִגַּ֖שׂ בַּיּ֣וֹם הַה֑וּא וַיֹּאֶל֩ שָׁא֨וּל אֶת־הָעָ֜ם לֵאמֹ֗ר אָר֣וּר הָ֠אִישׁ אֲשֶׁר־יֹ֨אכַל לֶ֜חֶם עַד־הָעֶ֗רֶב וְנִקַּמְתִּי֙ מֵאֹ֣יְבַ֔י וְלֹֽא טָעַ֥ם כָּל־הָעָ֖ם לָֽחֶם׃ ס", "text": "And *ʾîš-yiśrāʾēl* *niggaś* in that day; and *wayyōʾel* *šāʾûl* *ʾet-hāʿām* saying, *ʾārûr* the *hāʾîš* who *yōʾkal* *leḥem* until the *hāʿereb* and *wĕniqqamtî* from my *ʾōyĕbay*, and not *ṭāʿam* all the *hāʿām* *lāḥem*.", "grammar": { "*ʾîš-yiśrāʾēl*": "masculine singular construct noun + proper noun - men of Israel", "*niggaś*": "niphal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - was distressed/hard-pressed", "*wayyōʾel*": "conjunction + hiphil imperfect, 3rd masculine singular, waw consecutive - and he adjured/made swear", "*šāʾûl*": "proper noun - Saul", "*ʾet-hāʿām*": "direct object marker + masculine singular noun with definite article - the people", "*ʾārûr*": "qal passive participle, masculine singular - cursed be", "*hāʾîš*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - the man", "*yōʾkal*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - eats", "*leḥem*": "masculine singular noun - food/bread", "*hāʿereb*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - the evening", "*wĕniqqamtî*": "conjunction + niphal perfect, 1st person singular - and I am avenged", "*ʾōyĕbay*": "qal participle, masculine plural noun with 1st person singular suffix - my enemies", "*ṭāʿam*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - tasted", "*hāʿām*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - the people", "*lāḥem*": "masculine singular noun - food/bread" }, "variants": { "*niggaś*": "was distressed/hard-pressed/wearied/exhausted", "*wayyōʾel*": "adjured/made swear/put under oath", "*leḥem*": "food/bread/nourishment", "*wĕniqqamtî*": "I am avenged/I take vengeance" } } 25 { "verseID": "1 Samuel.14.25", "source": "וְכָל־הָאָ֖רֶץ בָּ֣אוּ בַיָּ֑עַר וַיְהִ֥י דְבַ֖שׁ עַל־פְּנֵ֥י הַשָּׂדֶֽה׃", "text": "And all the *hāʾāreṣ* *bāʾû* into the *yaʿar*; and *wayĕhî* *dĕbaš* upon the *pĕnê* of the *haśśādeh*.", "grammar": { "*hāʾāreṣ*": "feminine singular noun with definite article - the land/country", "*bāʾû*": "qal perfect, 3rd common plural - they came/entered", "*yaʿar*": "masculine singular noun with definite article and preposition - into the forest/woods", "*wayĕhî*": "conjunction + qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular, waw consecutive - and there was", "*dĕbaš*": "masculine singular noun - honey", "*pĕnê*": "masculine plural construct noun with preposition - upon the surface of", "*haśśādeh*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - the field" }, "variants": { "*hāʾāreṣ*": "land/country/people of the land", "*dĕbaš*": "honey/honeycomb", "*pĕnê haśśādeh*": "surface of the field/open ground" } } 26 { "verseID": "1 Samuel.14.26", "source": "וַיָּבֹ֤א הָעָם֙ אֶל־הַיַּ֔עַר וְהִנֵּ֖ה הֵ֣לֶךְ דְּבָ֑שׁ וְאֵין־מַשִּׂ֤יג יָדוֹ֙ אֶל־פִּ֔יו כִּֽי־יָרֵ֥א הָעָ֖ם אֶת־הַשְּׁבֻעָֽה׃", "text": "And *wayyābōʾ* the *hāʿām* unto the *hayyaʿar*, and *wĕhinnēh* *hēlek* *dĕbāš*; and no one *maśśîg* his *yādô* unto his *pîw*, for *yārēʾ* the *hāʿām* *ʾet-haššĕbuʿâ*.", "grammar": { "*wayyābōʾ*": "conjunction + qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular, waw consecutive - and he came", "*hāʿām*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - the people", "*hayyaʿar*": "masculine singular noun with definite article and preposition - to the forest", "*wĕhinnēh*": "conjunction + interjection - and behold", "*hēlek*": "masculine singular construct noun - flowing of", "*dĕbāš*": "masculine singular noun - honey", "*maśśîg*": "hiphil participle, masculine singular - extending/putting", "*yādô*": "feminine singular noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his hand", "*pîw*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix and preposition - to his mouth", "*yārēʾ*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - feared", "*hāʿām*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - the people", "*ʾet-haššĕbuʿâ*": "direct object marker + feminine singular noun with definite article - the oath" }, "variants": { "*hēlek dĕbāš*": "flowing honey/dripping honeycomb", "*maśśîg*": "extending/putting/bringing", "*yārēʾ*": "feared/was afraid of/respected" } } 27 { "verseID": "1 Samuel.14.27", "source": "וְיוֹנָתָ֣ן לֹֽא־שָׁמַ֗ע בְּהַשְׁבִּ֣יעַ אָבִיו֮ אֶת־הָעָם֒ וַיִּשְׁלַ֗ח אֶת־קְצֵ֤ה הַמַּטֶּה֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר בְּיָד֔וֹ וַיִּטְבֹּ֥ל אוֹתָ֖הּ בְּיַעְרַ֣ת הַדְּבָ֑שׁ וַיָּ֤שֶׁב יָדוֹ֙ אֶל־פִּ֔יו *ותראנה **וַתָּאֹ֖רְנָה עֵינָֽיו׃", "text": "But *yônātān* not *šāmaʿ* when *hašbîaʿ* his *ʾābîw* *ʾet-hāʿām*, and *wayyišlaḥ* *ʾet-qĕṣēh* the *hammaṭṭeh* which was in his *yādô*, and *wayyiṭbōl* *ʾôtāh* in *yaʿărat* the *haddĕbāš*, and *wayyāšeb* his *yādô* unto his *pîw*, and *wattāʾōrnâ* his *ʿênāyw*.", "grammar": { "*yônātān*": "proper noun - Jonathan", "*šāmaʿ*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - heard", "*hašbîaʿ*": "hiphil infinitive construct with preposition - caused to swear", "*ʾābîw*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his father", "*ʾet-hāʿām*": "direct object marker + masculine singular noun with definite article - the people", "*wayyišlaḥ*": "conjunction + qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular, waw consecutive - and he put forth/extended", "*ʾet-qĕṣēh*": "direct object marker + masculine singular construct noun - the end of", "*hammaṭṭeh*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - the staff/rod", "*yādô*": "feminine singular noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix and preposition - in his hand", "*wayyiṭbōl*": "conjunction + qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular, waw consecutive - and he dipped", "*ʾôtāh*": "direct object marker with 3rd feminine singular suffix - it", "*yaʿărat*": "feminine singular construct noun with preposition - in the honeycomb of", "*haddĕbāš*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - the honey", "*wayyāšeb*": "conjunction + hiphil imperfect, 3rd masculine singular, waw consecutive - and he brought back", "*yādô*": "feminine singular noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his hand", "*pîw*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix and preposition - to his mouth", "*wattāʾōrnâ*": "conjunction + qal imperfect, 3rd feminine plural, waw consecutive - and they brightened", "*ʿênāyw*": "feminine dual noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his eyes" }, "variants": { "*wattāʾōrnâ ʿênāyw*": "his eyes brightened/his eyes lit up/his eyes were enlightened", "*yaʿărat haddĕbāš*": "honeycomb/honey comb/dripping honey" } } 28 { "verseID": "1 Samuel.14.28", "source": "וַיַּעַן֩ אִ֨ישׁ מֵֽהָעָ֜ם וַיֹּ֗אמֶר הַשְׁבֵּעַ֩ הִשְׁבִּ֨יעַ אָבִ֤יךָ אֶת־הָעָם֙ לֵאמֹ֔ר אָר֥וּר הָאִ֛ישׁ אֲשֶׁר־יֹ֥אכַל לֶ֖חֶם הַיּ֑וֹם וַיָּ֖עַף הָעָֽם׃", "text": "And *wayyaʿan* an *ʾîš* from the *hāʿām* and *wayyōʾmer*, *hašbēaʿ* *hišbîaʿ* your *ʾābîkā* *ʾet-hāʿām* saying, *ʾārûr* the *hāʾîš* who *yōʾkal* *leḥem* this day; and *wayyāʿap* the *hāʿām*.", "grammar": { "*wayyaʿan*": "conjunction + qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular, waw consecutive - and he answered", "*ʾîš*": "masculine singular noun - a man", "*hāʿām*": "masculine singular noun with definite article and preposition - from the people", "*wayyōʾmer*": "conjunction + qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular, waw consecutive - and he said", "*hašbēaʿ*": "hiphil infinitive absolute - strictly", "*hišbîaʿ*": "hiphil perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he adjured/caused to swear", "*ʾābîkā*": "masculine singular noun with 2nd masculine singular suffix - your father", "*ʾet-hāʿām*": "direct object marker + masculine singular noun with definite article - the people", "*ʾārûr*": "qal passive participle, masculine singular - cursed be", "*hāʾîš*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - the man", "*yōʾkal*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - eats", "*leḥem*": "masculine singular noun - food/bread", "*wayyāʿap*": "conjunction + qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular, waw consecutive - and he was faint", "*hāʿām*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - the people" }, "variants": { "*hašbēaʿ hišbîaʿ*": "strictly adjured/solemnly charged/strongly made swear", "*ʾārûr*": "cursed/under a curse", "*wayyāʿap*": "was faint/was weary/became exhausted" } }
• Matt 10:32-33 : 32 { "verseID": "Matthew.10.32", "source": "Πᾶς οὖν ὅστις ὁμολογήσει ἐν ἐμοὶ ἔμπροσθεν τῶν ἀνθρώπων, ὁμολογήσω κἀγὼ ἐν αὐτῷ ἔμπροσθεν τοῦ Πατρός μου τοῦ ἐν οὐρανοῖς.", "text": "Everyone *oun* whoever *homologēsei* in me *emprosthen* of-the *anthrōpōn*, *homologēsō* I-also in him *emprosthen* of-the *Patros* of-me the (one) in *ouranois*.", "grammar": { "*oun*": "inferential particle - therefore/then", "*homologēsei*": "future active indicative, 3rd singular - will confess/acknowledge", "*emprosthen*": "preposition + genitive - before/in presence of", "*anthrōpōn*": "genitive masculine plural - of men/people", "*homologēsō*": "future active indicative, 1st singular - I will confess/acknowledge", "*Patros*": "genitive masculine singular - of Father", "*ouranois*": "dative masculine plural - in heavens" }, "variants": { "*homologēsei*": "will confess/acknowledge/profess", "*emprosthen*": "before/in presence of/in front of", "*anthrōpōn*": "men/people/mankind", "*homologēsō*": "I will confess/acknowledge/profess", "*Patros*": "Father/ancestor", "*ouranois*": "heavens/sky/the above" } } 33 { "verseID": "Matthew.10.33", "source": "Ὅστις δʼ ἂν ἀρνήσηταί με ἔμπροσθεν τῶν ἀνθρώπων, ἀρνήσομαι αὐτὸν κἀγὼ ἔμπροσθεν τοῦ Πατρός μου τοῦ ἐν οὐρανοῖς.", "text": "Whoever *d'* *an* *arnēsētai* me *emprosthen* of-the *anthrōpōn*, *arnēsomai* him I-also *emprosthen* of-the *Patros* of-me the (one) in *ouranois*.", "grammar": { "*d'*": "elided form of *de* - but/and", "*an*": "conditional particle - ever/would", "*arnēsētai*": "aorist middle subjunctive, 3rd singular - might deny/disown", "*emprosthen*": "preposition + genitive - before/in presence of", "*anthrōpōn*": "genitive masculine plural - of men/people", "*arnēsomai*": "future middle indicative, 1st singular - I will deny/disown", "*Patros*": "genitive masculine singular - of Father", "*ouranois*": "dative masculine plural - in heavens" }, "variants": { "*arnēsētai*": "might deny/disown/reject", "*emprosthen*": "before/in presence of/in front of", "*anthrōpōn*": "men/people/mankind", "*arnēsomai*": "I will deny/disown/reject", "*Patros*": "Father/ancestor", "*ouranois*": "heavens/sky/the above" } }
• Matt 27:25 : 25 { "verseID": "Matthew.27.25", "source": "Καὶ ἀποκριθεὶς πᾶς ὁ λαὸς, εἶπεν, Τὸ αἷμα αὐτοῦ ἐφʼ ἡμᾶς, καὶ ἐπὶ τὰ τέκνα ἡμῶν.", "text": "And *apokritheis* all the *laos*, *eipen*, The *haima* of him upon us, and upon the *tekna* of us.", "grammar": { "*apokritheis*": "aorist participle, nominative, masculine, singular - having answered/responded", "*laos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - people/crowd", "*eipen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd singular - said/spoke", "*haima*": "nominative, neuter, singular - blood", "*tekna*": "accusative, neuter, plural - children/descendants" }, "variants": { "*apokritheis*": "having answered/responded/replied", "*laos*": "people/crowd/populace/nation", "*haima*": "blood/bloodshed/life", "*tekna*": "children/offspring/descendants" } }
• Mark 14:30 : 30 { "verseID": "Mark.14.30", "source": "Καὶ λέγει αὐτῷ ὁ Ἰησοῦς, Ἀμὴν λέγω σοι, Ὅτι σήμερον, ἐν τῇ νυκτὶ ταύτῃ, πρὶν ἢ δὶς ἀλέκτορα φωνῆσαι, τρὶς ἀπαρνήσῃ με.", "text": "And *legei* to him the *Iēsous*, *Amēn* *legō* to you, That *sēmeron*, in the *nykti* *tautē*, before *dis* *alektora* *phōnēsai*, *tris* *aparnēsē* me.", "grammar": { "*legei*": "present indicative, 3rd person singular - he says", "*Iēsous*": "nominative singular masculine - Jesus", "*Amēn*": "Hebraic affirmation - truly/verily", "*legō*": "present indicative, 1st person singular - I say", "*sēmeron*": "adverb - today", "*nykti*": "dative singular feminine - night", "*tautē*": "demonstrative pronoun, dative singular feminine - this", "*dis*": "adverb - twice", "*alektora*": "accusative singular masculine - rooster", "*phōnēsai*": "aorist active infinitive - to crow", "*tris*": "adverb - three times", "*aparnēsē*": "future indicative, 2nd person singular - you will deny" }, "variants": { "*alektora*": "rooster/cock", "*phōnēsai*": "to crow/call out", "*aparnēsē*": "you will deny/disown/renounce" } }
• Mark 14:68 : 68 { "verseID": "Mark.14.68", "source": "Ὁ δὲ ἠρνήσατο, λέγων, Οὐκ οἶδα, οὐδὲ ἐπίσταμαι τί σὺ λέγεις. Καὶ ἐξῆλθεν ἔξω εἰς τὸ προαύλιον· καὶ ἀλέκτωρ ἐφώνησεν.", "text": "But he *ērnēsato*, *legōn*, Not *oida*, neither *epistamai* what you *legeis*. And he *exēlthen* out into the *proaulion*; and *alektōr* *ephōnēsen*.", "grammar": { "*ērnēsato*": "aorist middle, 3rd singular - denied", "*legōn*": "present active participle, nominative masculine singular - saying", "*oida*": "perfect active with present meaning, 1st singular - I know/understand", "*epistamai*": "present middle, 1st singular - I know/comprehend", "*legeis*": "present active, 2nd singular - you say/mean", "*exēlthen*": "aorist active, 3rd singular - he went out", "*proaulion*": "accusative, neuter, singular - forecourt/porch", "*alektōr*": "nominative, masculine, singular - rooster/cock", "*ephōnēsen*": "aorist active, 3rd singular - crowed/called out" }, "variants": { "*ērnēsato*": "denied/disowned/repudiated", "*oida*": "know/understand/perceive", "*epistamai*": "know/understand/comprehend", "*proaulion*": "forecourt/outer court/porch/entrance", "*alektōr*": "rooster/cock" } }
• Mark 14:71-72 : 71 { "verseID": "Mark.14.71", "source": "Ὁ δὲ ἤρξατο ἀναθεματίζειν καὶ ὀμνύειν, ὅτι Οὐκ οἶδα τὸν ἄνθρωπον τοῦτον ὃν λέγετε.", "text": "But he *ērxato* *anathematizein* and *omnuein*, that Not *oida* the *anthrōpon* this whom you *legete*.", "grammar": { "*ērxato*": "aorist middle, 3rd singular - began", "*anathematizein*": "present active infinitive - to curse/to invoke curses", "*omnuein*": "present active infinitive - to swear/to take an oath", "*oida*": "perfect active with present meaning, 1st singular - I know", "*anthrōpon*": "accusative, masculine, singular - man/person", "*legete*": "present active, 2nd plural - you say/speak of" }, "variants": { "*anathematizein*": "to curse/to invoke curses/to place under a ban", "*omnuein*": "to swear/to take an oath/to vow", "*oida*": "know/understand/recognize", "*anthrōpon*": "man/person/human being" } } 72 { "verseID": "Mark.14.72", "source": "Καὶ ἐκ δευτέρου ἀλέκτωρ ἐφώνησεν. Καὶ ἀνεμνήσθη ὁ Πέτρος τὸ ῥῆμα ὃ εἶπεν αὐτῷ ὁ Ἰησοῦς, ὅτι Πρὶν ἀλέκτορα φωνῆσαι δίς, ἀπαρνήσῃ με τρίς. Καὶ ἐπιβαλὼν, ἔκλαιεν.", "text": "And from *deuterou* *alektōr* *ephōnēsen*. And *anemnēsthē* *Petros* the *rhēma* which *eipen* to him *Iēsous*, that Before *alektora* *phōnēsai* *dis*, you will *aparnēsē* me *tris*. And *epibalōn*, *eklaien*.", "grammar": { "*deuterou*": "genitive, neuter, singular - second (time)", "*alektōr*": "nominative, masculine, singular - rooster/cock", "*ephōnēsen*": "aorist active, 3rd singular - crowed/called out", "*anemnēsthē*": "aorist passive, 3rd singular - remembered/recalled", "*Petros*": "nominative, masculine, singular - Peter", "*rhēma*": "accusative, neuter, singular - word/saying", "*eipen*": "aorist active, 3rd singular - said/spoke", "*Iēsous*": "nominative, masculine, singular - Jesus", "*alektora*": "accusative, masculine, singular - rooster/cock", "*phōnēsai*": "aorist active infinitive - to crow/to call out", "*dis*": "adverb - twice", "*aparnēsē*": "future middle, 2nd singular - you will deny/disown", "*tris*": "adverb - three times", "*epibalōn*": "aorist active participle, nominative masculine singular - having cast upon/having reflected", "*eklaien*": "imperfect active, 3rd singular - was weeping/continued to weep" }, "variants": { "*rhēma*": "word/saying/statement", "*alektora*": "rooster/cock", "*phōnēsai*": "to crow/to call out/to sound", "*aparnēsē*": "you will deny/disown/repudiate", "*epibalōn*": "having cast upon/having reflected/having given thought to/having broken down" } }
• Luke 22:60 : 60 { "verseID": "Luke.22.60", "source": "Εἶπεν δὲ ὁ Πέτρος, Ἄνθρωπε, οὐκ οἶδα ὃ λέγεις. Καὶ παραχρῆμα, ἔτι λαλοῦντος αὐτοῦ, ἐφώνησεν ὁ ἀλέκτωρ.", "text": "*Eipen de ho Petros*, *Anthrōpe*, not *oida ho legeis*. And *parachrēma*, *eti lalountos autou*, *ephōnēsen ho alektōr*.", "grammar": { "*Eipen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person singular - said", "*de*": "postpositive conjunction - but/and", "*ho Petros*": "nominative masculine singular - Peter", "*Anthrōpe*": "vocative masculine singular - Man", "*oida*": "perfect active indicative with present meaning, 1st person singular - I know", "*ho legeis*": "relative pronoun with present active indicative, 2nd person singular - what you are saying", "*parachrēma*": "adverb - immediately/instantly", "*eti*": "adverb - still/yet", "*lalountos*": "present active participle, genitive masculine singular - speaking", "*autou*": "genitive masculine singular pronoun - of him/his", "*ephōnēsen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person singular - crowed", "*ho alektōr*": "nominative masculine singular - the rooster" }, "variants": { "*parachrēma*": "immediately/instantly/at once", "*lalountos*": "speaking/talking", "*ephōnēsen*": "crowed/sounded/called out", "*alektōr*": "rooster/cock" } }
• John 18:27 : 27 { "verseID": "John.18.27", "source": "Πάλιν οὖν ἠρνήσατο ὁ Πέτρος: καὶ εὐθέως ἀλέκτωρ ἐφώνησεν.", "text": "*Palin oun ērnēsato ho Petros*: and *eutheōs alektōr ephōnēsen*.", "grammar": { "*Palin*": "adverb - again", "*oun*": "inferential particle - therefore/then", "*ērnēsato*": "aorist middle indicative, 3rd person singular - denied", "*ho Petros*": "nominative, masculine, singular - Peter", "*kai*": "conjunction - and", "*eutheōs*": "adverb - immediately", "*alektōr*": "nominative, masculine, singular - rooster", "*ephōnēsen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person singular - crowed" }, "variants": { "*Palin*": "again/once more", "*oun*": "therefore/then/so", "*ērnēsato*": "denied/disowned/refused", "*eutheōs*": "immediately/at once/straightway", "*alektōr*": "rooster/cock", "*ephōnēsen*": "crowed/called out/sounded" } }
• John 21:15-17 : 15 { "verseID": "John.21.15", "source": "¶Ὅτε οὖν ἠρίστησαν, λέγει τῷ Σίμωνι Πέτρῳ ὁ Ἰησοῦς, Σίμων, Ἰωνᾶ, ἀγαπᾷς με πλεῖόν τούτων; Λέγει αὐτῷ, Ναὶ, Κύριε· σὺ οἶδας ὅτι φιλῶ σε. Λέγει αὐτῷ, Βόσκε τὰ ἀρνία μου.", "text": "When *oun* *ēristēsan*, *legei* to-the *Simōni* *Petrō* the *Iēsous*, *Simōn*, *Iōna*, *agapas* me *pleion* these? *Legei* *autō*, Yes, *Kyrie*; you *oidas* that *philō* you. *Legei* *autō*, *Boske* the *arnia* of-me.", "grammar": { "*Hote*": "conjunction - when", "*oun*": "conjunction - therefore/then", "*ēristēsan*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person plural - they had eaten", "*legei*": "present active indicative, 3rd person singular - says", "*Simōni*": "dative, masculine, singular - to Simon", "*Petrō*": "dative, masculine, singular - to Peter", "*Iēsous*": "nominative, masculine, singular - Jesus", "*Simōn*": "vocative, masculine, singular - Simon", "*Iōna*": "vocative, masculine, singular - of Jonah", "*agapas*": "present active indicative, 2nd person singular - do you love", "*me*": "accusative, singular - me", "*pleion*": "comparative adverb - more than", "*toutōn*": "demonstrative pronoun, genitive, neuter, plural - these", "*autō*": "dative, masculine, singular - to him", "*Nai*": "particle of affirmation - yes", "*Kyrie*": "vocative, masculine, singular - Lord", "*sy*": "nominative, singular - you", "*oidas*": "perfect active indicative, 2nd person singular - you know", "*hoti*": "conjunction - that", "*philō*": "present active indicative, 1st person singular - I love/have affection for", "*se*": "accusative, singular - you", "*Boske*": "present active imperative, 2nd person singular - feed", "*arnia*": "accusative, neuter, plural - lambs", "*mou*": "genitive, singular - of me/my" }, "variants": { "*ēristēsan*": "had eaten/had breakfast", "*agapas*": "do you love (agapaō - deeper, spiritual love)", "*pleion*": "more than/more completely than", "*philō*": "I love/have affection for (phileō - friendship love)", "*Boske*": "feed/tend/nourish", "*arnia*": "lambs/little sheep" } } 16 { "verseID": "John.21.16", "source": "Λέγει αὐτῷ πάλιν δεύτερον, Σίμων, Ἰωνᾶ, ἀγαπᾷς με; Λέγει αὐτῷ, Ναὶ, Κύριε· σὺ οἶδας ὅτι φιλῶ σε. Λέγει αὐτῷ, Ποίμαινε τὰ πρόβατά μου.", "text": "*Legei* *autō* *palin* second, *Simōn*, *Iōna*, *agapas* me? *Legei* *autō*, Yes, *Kyrie*; you *oidas* that *philō* you. *Legei* *autō*, *Poimaine* the *probata* of-me.", "grammar": { "*Legei*": "present active indicative, 3rd person singular - says", "*autō*": "dative, masculine, singular - to him", "*palin*": "adverb - again", "*deuteron*": "accusative, neuter, singular - second time", "*Simōn*": "vocative, masculine, singular - Simon", "*Iōna*": "vocative, masculine, singular - of Jonah", "*agapas*": "present active indicative, 2nd person singular - do you love", "*me*": "accusative, singular - me", "*Nai*": "particle of affirmation - yes", "*Kyrie*": "vocative, masculine, singular - Lord", "*sy*": "nominative, singular - you", "*oidas*": "perfect active indicative, 2nd person singular - you know", "*hoti*": "conjunction - that", "*philō*": "present active indicative, 1st person singular - I love/have affection for", "*se*": "accusative, singular - you", "*Poimaine*": "present active imperative, 2nd person singular - shepherd", "*probata*": "accusative, neuter, plural - sheep", "*mou*": "genitive, singular - of me/my" }, "variants": { "*agapas*": "do you love (agapaō - deeper, spiritual love)", "*philō*": "I love/have affection for (phileō - friendship love)", "*Poimaine*": "shepherd/tend/take care of", "*probata*": "sheep/flock" } } 17 { "verseID": "John.21.17", "source": "Λέγει αὐτῷ τὸ τρίτον, Σίμων, Ἰωνᾶ, φιλεῖς με; ἐλυπήθη ὁ Πέτρος ὅτι εἶπεν αὐτῷ τὸ τρίτον, Φιλεῖς με; Καὶ εἶπεν αὐτῷ, Κύριε, σὺ πάντα οἶδας· σὺ γινώσκεις ὅτι φιλῶ σε. Λέγει αὐτῷ ὁ Ἰησοῦς, Βόσκε τὰ πρόβατά μου.", "text": "*Legei* *autō* the third, *Simōn*, *Iōna*, *phileis* me? *elypēthē* the *Petros* that *eipen* *autō* the third, *Phileis* me? And *eipen* *autō*, *Kyrie*, you *panta* *oidas*; you *ginōskeis* that *philō* you. *Legei* *autō* the *Iēsous*, *Boske* the *probata* of-me.", "grammar": { "*Legei*": "present active indicative, 3rd person singular - says", "*autō*": "dative, masculine, singular - to him", "*to triton*": "accusative, neuter, singular - the third time", "*Simōn*": "vocative, masculine, singular - Simon", "*Iōna*": "vocative, masculine, singular - of Jonah", "*phileis*": "present active indicative, 2nd person singular - do you love/have affection for", "*me*": "accusative, singular - me", "*elypēthē*": "aorist passive indicative, 3rd person singular - was grieved", "*Petros*": "nominative, masculine, singular - Peter", "*hoti*": "conjunction - that/because", "*eipen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person singular - he said", "*to triton*": "accusative, neuter, singular - the third time", "*Kyrie*": "vocative, masculine, singular - Lord", "*sy*": "nominative, singular - you", "*panta*": "accusative, neuter, plural - all things", "*oidas*": "perfect active indicative, 2nd person singular - you know", "*ginōskeis*": "present active indicative, 2nd person singular - you know/understand", "*hoti*": "conjunction - that", "*philō*": "present active indicative, 1st person singular - I love/have affection for", "*se*": "accusative, singular - you", "*Iēsous*": "nominative, masculine, singular - Jesus", "*Boske*": "present active imperative, 2nd person singular - feed", "*probata*": "accusative, neuter, plural - sheep", "*mou*": "genitive, singular - of me/my" }, "variants": { "*phileis*": "do you love (phileō - friendship love)", "*elypēthē*": "was grieved/was sorrowful/was distressed", "*panta*": "all things/everything", "*oidas*": "you know (perfect - completed knowledge)", "*ginōskeis*": "you know/perceive/understand (present - ongoing knowledge)", "*Boske*": "feed/tend/nourish" } }