Lev 22:1-9 : 1 {
"verseID": "Leviticus.22.1",
"source": "וַיְדַבֵּ֥ר יְהוָ֖ה אֶל־מֹשֶׁ֥ה לֵּאמֹֽר׃",
"text": "*wə-yədabbēr* *YHWH* *ʾel*-*mōšeh* *lēʾmōr*",
"grammar": {
"*wə-yədabbēr*": "waw consecutive + Piel imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and spoke",
"*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name - LORD",
"*ʾel*": "preposition - to, toward",
"*mōšeh*": "proper noun - Moses",
"*lēʾmōr*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct - saying"
},
"variants": {
"*yədabbēr*": "speak, declare, communicate",
"*YHWH*": "Yahweh, LORD, the divine name",
"*lēʾmōr*": "saying, to say, as follows"
}
}
2 {
"verseID": "Leviticus.22.2",
"source": "דַּבֵּ֨ר אֶֽל־אַהֲרֹ֜ן וְאֶל־בָּנָ֗יו וְיִנָּֽזְרוּ֙ מִקָּדְשֵׁ֣י בְנֵֽי־יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל וְלֹ֥א יְחַלְּל֖וּ אֶת־שֵׁ֣ם קָדְשִׁ֑י אֲשֶׁ֨ר הֵ֧ם מַקְדִּשִׁ֛ים לִ֖י אֲנִ֥י יְהוָֽה׃",
"text": "*dabbēr* *ʾel*-*ʾahărōn* *wə-ʾel*-*bānāyw* *wə-yinnāzərû* *miqqādəšê* *bənê*-*yiśrāʾēl* *wə-lōʾ* *yəḥallələû* *ʾet*-*šēm* *qādəšî* *ʾăšer* *hēm* *maqdišîm* *lî* *ʾănî* *YHWH*",
"grammar": {
"*dabbēr*": "Piel imperative, masculine singular - speak",
"*ʾel*": "preposition - to, toward",
"*ʾahărōn*": "proper noun - Aaron",
"*wə-ʾel*": "conjunction + preposition - and to",
"*bānāyw*": "noun masculine plural construct + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his sons",
"*wə-yinnāzərû*": "conjunction + Niphal imperfect 3rd masculine plural - and they shall separate themselves",
"*miqqādəšê*": "preposition + noun masculine plural construct - from the holy things of",
"*bənê*": "noun masculine plural construct - sons of",
"*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel",
"*wə-lōʾ*": "conjunction + negative particle - and not",
"*yəḥallələû*": "Piel imperfect 3rd masculine plural - they shall profane",
"*ʾet*": "direct object marker",
"*šēm*": "noun masculine singular construct - name of",
"*qādəšî*": "noun masculine singular + 1st person singular suffix - my holiness",
"*ʾăšer*": "relative particle - which",
"*hēm*": "3rd person masculine plural pronoun - they",
"*maqdišîm*": "Hiphil participle masculine plural - sanctifying/consecrating",
"*lî*": "preposition + 1st person singular suffix - to/for me",
"*ʾănî*": "1st person singular pronoun - I",
"*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name - LORD"
},
"variants": {
"*dabbēr*": "speak, tell, command",
"*yinnāzərû*": "separate themselves, keep away, abstain",
"*qādəšê*": "holy things, sacred offerings, consecrated items",
"*yəḥallələû*": "profane, defile, treat as common",
"*šēm*": "name, reputation, character",
"*qādəšî*": "my holiness, my holy name, my sanctity",
"*maqdišîm*": "sanctify, consecrate, set apart as holy"
}
}
3 {
"verseID": "Leviticus.22.3",
"source": "אֱמֹ֣ר אֲלֵהֶ֗ם לְדֹרֹ֨תֵיכֶ֜ם כָּל־אִ֣ישׁ ׀ אֲשֶׁר־יִקְרַ֣ב מִכָּל־זַרְעֲכֶ֗ם אֶל־הַקֳּדָשִׁים֙ אֲשֶׁ֨ר יַקְדִּ֤ישׁוּ בְנֵֽי־יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ לַֽיהוָ֔ה וְטֻמְאָת֖וֹ עָלָ֑יו וְנִכְרְתָ֞ה הַנֶּ֧פֶשׁ הַהִ֛וא מִלְּפָנַ֖י אֲנִ֥י יְהוָֽה׃",
"text": "*ʾĕmōr* *ʾălêhem* *lə-dōrōtêkem* *kol*-*ʾîš* *ʾăšer*-*yiqrab* *mikkol*-*zarʿăkem* *ʾel*-*haqqodāšîm* *ʾăšer* *yaqdîšû* *bənê*-*yiśrāʾēl* *la-YHWH* *wə-ṭumʾātô* *ʿālāyw* *wə-nikrətāh* *hannepeš* *hahiwʾ* *millə-pānay* *ʾănî* *YHWH*",
"grammar": {
"*ʾĕmōr*": "Qal imperative masculine singular - say",
"*ʾălêhem*": "preposition + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - to them",
"*lə-dōrōtêkem*": "preposition + noun masculine plural construct + 2nd person masculine plural suffix - for your generations",
"*kol*": "noun masculine singular construct - every, all",
"*ʾîš*": "noun masculine singular - man, anyone",
"*ʾăšer*": "relative particle - who",
"*yiqrab*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - approaches",
"*mikkol*": "preposition + noun masculine singular construct - from all",
"*zarʿăkem*": "noun masculine singular construct + 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your seed/offspring",
"*ʾel*": "preposition - to",
"*haqqodāšîm*": "definite article + noun masculine plural - the holy things",
"*ʾăšer*": "relative particle - which",
"*yaqdîšû*": "Hiphil imperfect 3rd masculine plural - they consecrate",
"*bənê*": "noun masculine plural construct - sons of",
"*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel",
"*la-YHWH*": "preposition + divine name - to/for the LORD",
"*wə-ṭumʾātô*": "conjunction + noun feminine singular construct + 3rd masculine singular suffix - and his uncleanness",
"*ʿālāyw*": "preposition + 3rd masculine singular suffix - upon him",
"*wə-nikrətāh*": "conjunction + Niphal perfect 3rd feminine singular - and shall be cut off",
"*hannepeš*": "definite article + noun feminine singular - the soul/person",
"*hahiwʾ*": "definite article + pronoun 3rd feminine singular - that",
"*millə-pānay*": "preposition + preposition + noun common plural construct + 1st person singular suffix - from before me",
"*ʾănî*": "1st person singular pronoun - I",
"*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name - LORD"
},
"variants": {
"*ʾĕmōr*": "say, tell, speak",
"*dōrōtêkem*": "your generations, your descendants, your ages",
"*yiqrab*": "approaches, comes near, draws near",
"*zarʿăkem*": "your seed, your offspring, your descendants",
"*haqqodāšîm*": "the holy things, the sacred offerings, the consecrated items",
"*yaqdîšû*": "consecrate, sanctify, make holy",
"*ṭumʾātô*": "his uncleanness, his impurity, his ritual impurity",
"*nikrətāh*": "be cut off, be removed, be excluded",
"*nepeš*": "soul, person, life, being",
"*millə-pānay*": "from before me, from my presence"
}
}
4 {
"verseID": "Leviticus.22.4",
"source": "אִ֣ישׁ אִ֞ישׁ מִזֶּ֣רַע אַהֲרֹ֗ן וְה֤וּא צָר֙וּעַ֙ א֣וֹ זָ֔ב בַּקֳּדָשִׁים֙ לֹ֣א יֹאכַ֔ל עַ֖ד אֲשֶׁ֣ר יִטְהָ֑ר וְהַנֹּגֵ֙עַ֙ בְּכָל־טְמֵא־נֶ֔פֶשׁ א֣וֹ אִ֔ישׁ אֲשֶׁר־תֵּצֵ֥א מִמֶּ֖נּוּ שִׁכְבַת־זָֽרַע׃",
"text": "*ʾîš* *ʾîš* *mizzeraʿ* *ʾahărōn* *wə-hûʾ* *ṣārûaʿ* *ʾô* *zāb* *baqqodāšîm* *lōʾ* *yōʾkal* *ʿad* *ʾăšer* *yiṭhār* *wə-hannōgēaʿ* *bə-kol*-*ṭəmēʾ*-*nepeš* *ʾô* *ʾîš* *ʾăšer*-*tēṣēʾ* *mimmennû* *šikbat*-*zāraʿ*",
"grammar": {
"*ʾîš* *ʾîš*": "noun masculine singular repeated - any man, each man",
"*mizzeraʿ*": "preposition + noun masculine singular construct - from the seed/offspring of",
"*ʾahărōn*": "proper noun - Aaron",
"*wə-hûʾ*": "conjunction + 3rd person masculine singular pronoun - and he",
"*ṣārûaʿ*": "Qal passive participle masculine singular - leprous",
"*ʾô*": "conjunction - or",
"*zāb*": "Qal active participle masculine singular - having a discharge",
"*baqqodāšîm*": "preposition + definite article + noun masculine plural - in/of the holy things",
"*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not",
"*yōʾkal*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - he shall eat",
"*ʿad*": "preposition - until",
"*ʾăšer*": "relative particle - that",
"*yiṭhār*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - he is clean",
"*wə-hannōgēaʿ*": "conjunction + definite article + Qal active participle masculine singular - and the one touching",
"*bə-kol*": "preposition + noun masculine singular construct - in any",
"*ṭəmēʾ*": "adjective masculine singular construct - unclean of",
"*nepeš*": "noun feminine singular - soul/person/corpse",
"*ʾô*": "conjunction - or",
"*ʾîš*": "noun masculine singular - man",
"*ʾăšer*": "relative particle - who",
"*tēṣēʾ*": "Qal imperfect 3rd feminine singular - goes out",
"*mimmennû*": "preposition + 3rd masculine singular suffix - from him",
"*šikbat*": "noun feminine singular construct - emission of",
"*zāraʿ*": "noun masculine singular - seed/semen"
},
"variants": {
"*ʾîš* *ʾîš*": "any man, each man, whosoever",
"*mizzeraʿ*": "from the seed/offspring/descendants of",
"*ṣārûaʿ*": "leprous, having skin disease, afflicted with tzara'at",
"*zāb*": "having a discharge, flowing, having an issue",
"*baqqodāšîm*": "in/of the holy things, of the sacred offerings",
"*yōʾkal*": "shall eat, may eat, consume",
"*yiṭhār*": "he is clean, he is purified, he becomes ritually pure",
"*hannōgēaʿ*": "the one touching, the one who comes in contact with",
"*ṭəmēʾ*-*nepeš*": "unclean of soul/person, defiled by a dead body",
"*tēṣēʾ*": "goes out, leaves, is emitted",
"*šikbat*-*zāraʿ*": "emission of seed/semen, seminal discharge"
}
}
5 {
"verseID": "Leviticus.22.5",
"source": "אוֹ־אִישׁ֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר יִגַּ֔ע בְּכָל־שֶׁ֖רֶץ אֲשֶׁ֣ר יִטְמָא־ל֑וֹ א֤וֹ בְאָדָם֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר יִטְמָא־ל֔וֹ לְכֹ֖ל טֻמְאָתֽוֹ׃",
"text": "*ʾô*-*ʾîš* *ʾăšer* *yiggaʿ* *bə-kol*-*šereṣ* *ʾăšer* *yiṭmāʾ*-*lô* *ʾô* *bə-ʾādām* *ʾăšer* *yiṭmāʾ*-*lô* *lə-kōl* *ṭumʾātô*",
"grammar": {
"*ʾô*": "conjunction - or",
"*ʾîš*": "noun masculine singular - man",
"*ʾăšer*": "relative particle - who",
"*yiggaʿ*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - touches",
"*bə-kol*": "preposition + noun masculine singular construct - in any",
"*šereṣ*": "noun masculine singular - swarming thing, creeping thing",
"*ʾăšer*": "relative particle - which",
"*yiṭmāʾ*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - makes unclean",
"*lô*": "preposition + 3rd masculine singular suffix - to him",
"*ʾô*": "conjunction - or",
"*bə-ʾādām*": "preposition + noun masculine singular - in/by a person",
"*ʾăšer*": "relative particle - who",
"*yiṭmāʾ*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - makes unclean",
"*lô*": "preposition + 3rd masculine singular suffix - to him",
"*lə-kōl*": "preposition + noun masculine singular construct - according to all",
"*ṭumʾātô*": "noun feminine singular construct + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his uncleanness"
},
"variants": {
"*yiggaʿ*": "touches, makes contact with, comes in contact with",
"*šereṣ*": "swarming thing, creeping thing, reptile",
"*yiṭmāʾ*-*lô*": "makes unclean to him, defiles him, causes impurity to him",
"*ʾādām*": "person, man, human being",
"*ṭumʾātô*": "his uncleanness, his impurity, his defilement"
}
}
6 {
"verseID": "Leviticus.22.6",
"source": "נֶ֚פֶשׁ אֲשֶׁ֣ר תִּגַּע־בּ֔וֹ וְטָמְאָ֖ה עַד־הָעָ֑רֶב וְלֹ֤א יֹאכַל֙ מִן־הַקֳּדָשִׁ֔ים כִּ֛י אִם־רָחַ֥ץ בְּשָׂר֖וֹ בַּמָּֽיִם׃",
"text": "*nepeš* *ʾăšer* *tiggaʿ*-*bô* *wə-ṭāmʾāh* *ʿad*-*hāʿāreb* *wə-lōʾ* *yōʾkal* *min*-*haqqodāšîm* *kî* *ʾim*-*rāḥaṣ* *bəśārô* *bammāyim*",
"grammar": {
"*nepeš*": "noun feminine singular construct - soul, person",
"*ʾăšer*": "relative particle - who",
"*tiggaʿ*": "Qal imperfect 3rd feminine singular - touches",
"*bô*": "preposition + 3rd masculine singular suffix - in/on it/him",
"*wə-ṭāmʾāh*": "conjunction + Qal perfect 3rd feminine singular - and is unclean",
"*ʿad*": "preposition - until",
"*hāʿāreb*": "definite article + noun masculine singular - the evening",
"*wə-lōʾ*": "conjunction + negative particle - and not",
"*yōʾkal*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - he shall eat",
"*min*": "preposition - from",
"*haqqodāšîm*": "definite article + noun masculine plural - the holy things",
"*kî*": "conjunction - for, but",
"*ʾim*": "conjunction - if",
"*rāḥaṣ*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - he washes",
"*bəśārô*": "noun masculine singular construct + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his flesh/body",
"*bammāyim*": "preposition + definite article + noun masculine plural - in the water"
},
"variants": {
"*nepeš*": "soul, person, being, life",
"*tiggaʿ*": "touches, comes in contact with",
"*ṭāmʾāh*": "is unclean, is impure, is defiled",
"*hāʿāreb*": "the evening, sunset",
"*yōʾkal*": "shall eat, may eat, consume",
"*haqqodāšîm*": "the holy things, sacred offerings, consecrated items",
"*rāḥaṣ*": "washes, bathes, cleanses",
"*bəśārô*": "his flesh, his body, his skin"
}
}
7 {
"verseID": "Leviticus.22.7",
"source": "וּבָ֥א הַשֶּׁ֖מֶשׁ וְטָהֵ֑ר וְאַחַר֙ יֹאכַ֣ל מִן־הַקֳּדָשִׁ֔ים כִּ֥י לַחְמ֖וֹ הֽוּא׃",
"text": "*û-bāʾ* *haššemeš* *wə-ṭāhēr* *wə-ʾaḥar* *yōʾkal* *min*-*haqqodāšîm* *kî* *laḥmô* *hûʾ*",
"grammar": {
"*û-bāʾ*": "conjunction + Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - and goes/sets",
"*haššemeš*": "definite article + noun feminine singular - the sun",
"*wə-ṭāhēr*": "conjunction + Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - and he is clean",
"*wə-ʾaḥar*": "conjunction + adverb - and afterward",
"*yōʾkal*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - he shall eat",
"*min*": "preposition - from",
"*haqqodāšîm*": "definite article + noun masculine plural - the holy things",
"*kî*": "conjunction - for, because",
"*laḥmô*": "noun masculine singular construct + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his food/bread",
"*hûʾ*": "3rd person masculine singular pronoun - it is"
},
"variants": {
"*bāʾ* *haššemeš*": "the sun sets, sunset occurs",
"*ṭāhēr*": "he is clean, he is pure, he is ritually pure",
"*ʾaḥar*": "afterward, after that, subsequently",
"*yōʾkal*": "shall eat, may eat, consume",
"*haqqodāšîm*": "the holy things, sacred offerings, consecrated items",
"*laḥmô*": "his food, his bread, his sustenance"
}
}
8 {
"verseID": "Leviticus.22.8",
"source": "נְבֵלָ֧ה וּטְרֵפָ֛ה לֹ֥א יֹאכַ֖ל לְטָמְאָה־בָ֑הּ אֲנִ֖י יְהוָֽה׃",
"text": "*nəbēlāh* *û-ṭərēpāh* *lōʾ* *yōʾkal* *lə-ṭomʾāh*-*bāh* *ʾănî* *YHWH*",
"grammar": {
"*nəbēlāh*": "noun feminine singular - carcass, corpse",
"*û-ṭərēpāh*": "conjunction + noun feminine singular - and torn animal",
"*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not",
"*yōʾkal*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - he shall eat",
"*lə-ṭomʾāh*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct - to become unclean",
"*bāh*": "preposition + 3rd feminine singular suffix - by it",
"*ʾănî*": "1st person singular pronoun - I",
"*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name - LORD"
},
"variants": {
"*nəbēlāh*": "carcass, corpse, animal that died naturally",
"*ṭərēpāh*": "torn animal, animal killed by beasts",
"*yōʾkal*": "shall eat, may eat, consume",
"*lə-ṭomʾāh*-*bāh*": "to become unclean by it, to be defiled through it"
}
}
9 {
"verseID": "Leviticus.22.9",
"source": "וְשָׁמְר֣וּ אֶת־מִשְׁמַרְתִּ֗י וְלֹֽא־יִשְׂא֤וּ עָלָיו֙ חֵ֔טְא וּמֵ֥תוּ ב֖וֹ כִּ֣י יְחַלְּלֻ֑הוּ אֲנִ֥י יְהוָ֖ה מְקַדְּשָֽׁם׃",
"text": "*wə-šāmərû* *ʾet*-*mišmartî* *wə-lōʾ*-*yiśʾû* *ʿālāyw* *ḥēṭʾ* *û-mētû* *bô* *kî* *yəḥallĕluhû* *ʾănî* *YHWH* *məqaddəšām*",
"grammar": {
"*wə-šāmərû*": "conjunction + Qal perfect 3rd common plural - and they shall keep",
"*ʾet*": "direct object marker",
"*mišmartî*": "noun feminine singular construct + 1st person singular suffix - my charge/obligation",
"*wə-lōʾ*": "conjunction + negative particle - and not",
"*yiśʾû*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural - they shall bear",
"*ʿālāyw*": "preposition + 3rd masculine singular suffix - upon it/him",
"*ḥēṭʾ*": "noun masculine singular - sin",
"*û-mētû*": "conjunction + Qal perfect 3rd common plural - and die",
"*bô*": "preposition + 3rd masculine singular suffix - by/in it",
"*kî*": "conjunction - because, for",
"*yəḥallĕluhû*": "Piel imperfect 3rd masculine plural + 3rd masculine singular suffix - they profane it",
"*ʾănî*": "1st person singular pronoun - I",
"*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name - LORD",
"*məqaddəšām*": "Piel participle masculine singular + 3rd masculine plural suffix - their sanctifier"
},
"variants": {
"*šāmərû*": "keep, guard, observe",
"*mišmartî*": "my charge, my obligation, my requirement",
"*yiśʾû*": "bear, carry, take up",
"*ḥēṭʾ*": "sin, offense, guilt",
"*mētû*": "die, be put to death",
"*yəḥallĕluhû*": "profane it, defile it, treat it as common",
"*məqaddəšām*": "their sanctifier, one who makes them holy"
}
}
10 {
"verseID": "Leviticus.22.10",
"source": "וְכָל־זָ֖ר לֹא־יֹ֣אכַל קֹ֑דֶשׁ תּוֹשַׁ֥ב כֹּהֵ֛ן וְשָׂכִ֖יר לֹא־יֹ֥אכַל קֹֽדֶשׁ׃",
"text": "*wə-kol*-*zār* *lōʾ*-*yōʾkal* *qōdeš* *tôšab* *kōhēn* *wə-śākîr* *lōʾ*-*yōʾkal* *qōdeš*",
"grammar": {
"*wə-kol*": "conjunction + noun masculine singular construct - and all, every",
"*zār*": "adjective masculine singular - stranger, non-priest",
"*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not",
"*yōʾkal*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - shall eat",
"*qōdeš*": "noun masculine singular - holy thing",
"*tôšab*": "noun masculine singular construct - sojourner, resident alien of",
"*kōhēn*": "noun masculine singular - priest",
"*wə-śākîr*": "conjunction + noun masculine singular - and hired servant",
"*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not",
"*yōʾkal*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - shall eat",
"*qōdeš*": "noun masculine singular - holy thing"
},
"variants": {
"*zār*": "stranger, non-priest, layperson",
"*yōʾkal*": "shall eat, may eat, consume",
"*qōdeš*": "holy thing, sacred food, consecrated offering",
"*tôšab*": "sojourner, resident alien, foreigner dwelling with",
"*kōhēn*": "priest, religious official",
"*śākîr*": "hired servant, worker, laborer"
}
}
11 {
"verseID": "Leviticus.22.11",
"source": "וְכֹהֵ֗ן כִּֽי־יִקְנֶ֥ה נֶ֙פֶשׁ֙ קִנְיַ֣ן כַּסְפּ֔וֹ ה֖וּא יֹ֣אכַל בּ֑וֹ וִילִ֣יד בֵּית֔וֹ הֵ֖ם יֹאכְל֥וּ בְלַחְמֽוֹ׃",
"text": "*wə-kōhēn* *kî*-*yiqneh* *nepeš* *qinyan* *kaspô* *hûʾ* *yōʾkal* *bô* *wîlîd* *bêtô* *hēm* *yōʾkəlû* *bə-laḥmô*",
"grammar": {
"*wə-kōhēn*": "conjunction + noun masculine singular - and priest",
"*kî*": "conjunction - when, if",
"*yiqneh*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - he acquires/buys",
"*nepeš*": "noun feminine singular - person/soul",
"*qinyan*": "noun masculine singular construct - purchase of",
"*kaspô*": "noun masculine singular construct + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his money/silver",
"*hûʾ*": "3rd person masculine singular pronoun - he",
"*yōʾkal*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - shall eat",
"*bô*": "preposition + 3rd masculine singular suffix - of it",
"*wîlîd*": "and born/child of",
"*bêtô*": "noun masculine singular construct + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his house",
"*hēm*": "3rd person masculine plural pronoun - they",
"*yōʾkəlû*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural - shall eat",
"*bə-laḥmô*": "preposition + noun masculine singular construct + 3rd masculine singular suffix - of his food/bread"
},
"variants": {
"*kōhēn*": "priest, religious official",
"*yiqneh*": "acquires, buys, purchases",
"*nepeš*": "person, soul, slave",
"*qinyan* *kaspô*": "purchase of his money, person bought with his money",
"*yōʾkal*": "shall eat, may eat, consume",
"*wîlîd* *bêtô*": "those born in his house, his household servants",
"*yōʾkəlû*": "shall eat, may eat, consume",
"*laḥmô*": "his food, his bread, his sustenance"
}
}
12 {
"verseID": "Leviticus.22.12",
"source": "וּבַת־כֹּהֵ֔ן כִּ֥י תִהְיֶ֖ה לְאִ֣ישׁ זָ֑ר הִ֕וא בִּתְרוּמַ֥ת הַקֳּדָשִׁ֖ים לֹ֥א תֹאכֵֽל׃",
"text": "*û-bat*-*kōhēn* *kî* *tihyeh* *lə-ʾîš* *zār* *hîwʾ* *bi-trûmat* *haqqodāšîm* *lōʾ* *tōʾkēl*",
"grammar": {
"*û-bat*": "conjunction + noun feminine singular construct - and daughter of",
"*kōhēn*": "noun masculine singular - priest",
"*kî*": "conjunction - when, if",
"*tihyeh*": "Qal imperfect 3rd feminine singular - she becomes",
"*lə-ʾîš*": "preposition + noun masculine singular - to a man",
"*zār*": "adjective masculine singular - stranger, non-priest",
"*hîwʾ*": "3rd person feminine singular pronoun - she",
"*bi-trûmat*": "preposition + noun feminine singular construct - in/of heave offering of",
"*haqqodāšîm*": "definite article + noun masculine plural - the holy things",
"*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not",
"*tōʾkēl*": "Qal imperfect 3rd feminine singular - she shall eat"
},
"variants": {
"*bat*-*kōhēn*": "daughter of a priest",
"*tihyeh* *lə-ʾîš*": "becomes [married] to a man",
"*zār*": "stranger, non-priest, layperson",
"*trûmat* *haqqodāšîm*": "heave offering of the holy things, contribution of sacred items",
"*tōʾkēl*": "shall eat, may eat, consume"
}
}
13 {
"verseID": "Leviticus.22.13",
"source": "וּבַת־כֹּהֵן֩ כִּ֨י תִהְיֶ֜ה אַלְמָנָ֣ה וּגְרוּשָׁ֗ה וְזֶרַע֮ אֵ֣ין לָהּ֒ וְשָׁבָ֞ה אֶל־בֵּ֤ית אָבִ֙יהָ֙ כִּנְעוּרֶ֔יהָ מִלֶּ֥חֶם אָבִ֖יהָ תֹּאכֵ֑ל וְכָל־זָ֖ר לֹא־יֹ֥אכַל בּֽוֹ׃",
"text": "*û-bat*-*kōhēn* *kî* *tihyeh* *ʾalmānāh* *û-gərûšāh* *wə-zeraʿ* *ʾên* *lāh* *wə-šābāh* *ʾel*-*bêt* *ʾābîhā* *ki-nəʿûreyhā* *milleḥem* *ʾābîhā* *tōʾkēl* *wə-kol*-*zār* *lōʾ*-*yōʾkal* *bô*",
"grammar": {
"*û-bat*": "conjunction + noun feminine singular construct - and daughter of",
"*kōhēn*": "noun masculine singular - priest",
"*kî*": "conjunction - when, if",
"*tihyeh*": "Qal imperfect 3rd feminine singular - she becomes",
"*ʾalmānāh*": "noun feminine singular - widow",
"*û-gərûšāh*": "conjunction + Qal passive participle feminine singular - and divorced woman",
"*wə-zeraʿ*": "conjunction + noun masculine singular - and seed/child",
"*ʾên*": "particle of negation - there is not",
"*lāh*": "preposition + 3rd feminine singular suffix - to her",
"*wə-šābāh*": "conjunction + Qal perfect 3rd feminine singular - and she returns",
"*ʾel*": "preposition - to",
"*bêt*": "noun masculine singular construct - house of",
"*ʾābîhā*": "noun masculine singular construct + 3rd feminine singular suffix - her father",
"*ki-nəʿûreyhā*": "preposition + noun masculine plural construct + 3rd feminine singular suffix - as in her youth",
"*milleḥem*": "preposition + noun masculine singular construct - from food/bread of",
"*ʾābîhā*": "noun masculine singular construct + 3rd feminine singular suffix - her father",
"*tōʾkēl*": "Qal imperfect 3rd feminine singular - she shall eat",
"*wə-kol*": "conjunction + noun masculine singular construct - but every",
"*zār*": "adjective masculine singular - stranger",
"*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not",
"*yōʾkal*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - shall eat",
"*bô*": "preposition + 3rd masculine singular suffix - of it"
},
"variants": {
"*bat*-*kōhēn*": "daughter of a priest",
"*tihyeh* *ʾalmānāh*": "becomes a widow",
"*gərûšāh*": "divorced woman, one sent away",
"*zeraʿ* *ʾên* *lāh*": "has no child/offspring",
"*šābāh*": "returns, comes back",
"*bêt* *ʾābîhā*": "house of her father",
"*ki-nəʿûreyhā*": "as in her youth, as when she was young",
"*milleḥem* *ʾābîhā*": "from the food/bread of her father",
"*tōʾkēl*": "shall eat, may eat, consume",
"*zār*": "stranger, non-priest, layperson",
"*yōʾkal* *bô*": "shall eat of it"
}
}
14 {
"verseID": "Leviticus.22.14",
"source": "וְאִ֕ישׁ כִּֽי־יֹאכַ֥ל קֹ֖דֶשׁ בִּשְׁגָגָ֑ה וְיָסַ֤ף חֲמִֽשִׁיתוֹ֙ עָלָ֔יו וְנָתַ֥ן לַכֹּהֵ֖ן אֶת־הַקֹּֽדֶשׁ׃",
"text": "*wə-ʾîš* *kî*-*yōʾkal* *qōdeš* *bi-šəgāgāh* *wə-yāsap* *ḥămîšîtô* *ʿālāyw* *wə-nātan* *la-kōhēn* *ʾet*-*haqqōdeš*",
"grammar": {
"*wə-ʾîš*": "conjunction + noun masculine singular - and if a man",
"*kî*": "conjunction - when, if",
"*yōʾkal*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - eats",
"*qōdeš*": "noun masculine singular - holy thing",
"*bi-šəgāgāh*": "preposition + noun feminine singular - in error/unintentionally",
"*wə-yāsap*": "conjunction + Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - and he shall add",
"*ḥămîšîtô*": "noun feminine singular construct + 3rd masculine singular suffix - its fifth part",
"*ʿālāyw*": "preposition + 3rd masculine singular suffix - to it",
"*wə-nātan*": "conjunction + Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - and give",
"*la-kōhēn*": "preposition + definite article + noun masculine singular - to the priest",
"*ʾet*": "direct object marker",
"*haqqōdeš*": "definite article + noun masculine singular - the holy thing"
},
"variants": {
"*yōʾkal*": "eats, consumes",
"*qōdeš*": "holy thing, sacred food, consecrated offering",
"*bi-šəgāgāh*": "in error, unintentionally, by mistake",
"*yāsap*": "shall add, shall increase",
"*ḥămîšîtô*": "its fifth part, one-fifth of its value",
"*nātan*": "give, provide, present",
"*haqqōdeš*": "the holy thing, the sacred food"
}
}
15 {
"verseID": "Leviticus.22.15",
"source": "וְלֹ֣א יְחַלְּל֔וּ אֶת־קָדְשֵׁ֖י בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל אֵ֥ת אֲשֶׁר־יָרִ֖ימוּ לַיהוָֽה׃",
"text": "*wə-lōʾ* *yəḥallələû* *ʾet*-*qodšê* *bənê* *yiśrāʾēl* *ʾēt* *ʾăšer*-*yārîmû* *la-YHWH*",
"grammar": {
"*wə-lōʾ*": "conjunction + negative particle - and they shall not",
"*yəḥallələû*": "Piel imperfect 3rd masculine plural - profane",
"*ʾet*": "direct object marker",
"*qodšê*": "noun masculine plural construct - holy things of",
"*bənê*": "noun masculine plural construct - sons of",
"*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel",
"*ʾēt*": "direct object marker",
"*ʾăšer*": "relative particle - which",
"*yārîmû*": "Hiphil imperfect 3rd masculine plural - they offer/lift up",
"*la-YHWH*": "preposition + divine name - to/for the LORD"
},
"variants": {
"*yəḥallələû*": "profane, defile, treat as common",
"*qodšê*": "holy things, sacred offerings, consecrated items",
"*bənê* *yiśrāʾēl*": "sons of Israel, Israelites, children of Israel",
"*yārîmû*": "they offer, they lift up, they contribute, they heave"
}
}
16 {
"verseID": "Leviticus.22.16",
"source": "וְהִשִּׂ֤יאוּ אוֹתָם֙ עֲוֺ֣ן אַשְׁמָ֔ה בְּאָכְלָ֖ם אֶת־קָדְשֵׁיהֶ֑ם כִּ֛י אֲנִ֥י יְהוָ֖ה מְקַדְּשָֽׁם׃",
"text": "*wə-hiśśîʾû* *ʾôtām* *ʿăwōn* *ʾašmāh* *bə-ʾoklām* *ʾet*-*qodšêhem* *kî* *ʾănî* *YHWH* *məqaddəšām*",
"grammar": {
"*wə-hiśśîʾû*": "conjunction + Hiphil perfect 3rd common plural - and cause to bear",
"*ʾôtām*": "direct object marker + 3rd masculine plural suffix - them",
"*ʿăwōn*": "noun masculine singular construct - iniquity of",
"*ʾašmāh*": "noun feminine singular - guilt offering",
"*bə-ʾoklām*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct + 3rd masculine plural suffix - in their eating",
"*ʾet*": "direct object marker",
"*qodšêhem*": "noun masculine plural construct + 3rd masculine plural suffix - their holy things",
"*kî*": "conjunction - for",
"*ʾănî*": "1st person singular pronoun - I",
"*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name - LORD",
"*məqaddəšām*": "Piel participle masculine singular + 3rd masculine plural suffix - their sanctifier"
},
"variants": {
"*hiśśîʾû*": "cause to bear, load upon, bring upon",
"*ʿăwōn* *ʾašmāh*": "iniquity of guilt, guilt of sin, punishment for guilt",
"*bə-ʾoklām*": "in their eating, when they eat",
"*qodšêhem*": "their holy things, their sacred offerings",
"*məqaddəšām*": "their sanctifier, who sanctifies them, who makes them holy"
}
}