Proverbs 5:4

biblecontext

{ "verseID": "Proverbs.5.4", "source": "וְֽ֭אַחֲרִיתָהּ מָרָ֣ה כַֽלַּעֲנָ֑ה חַ֝דָּ֗ה כְּחֶ֣רֶב פִּיּֽוֹת", "text": "But-her-*ʾaḥărît* *mārâ* like-the-*laʿănâ* *ḥaddâ* like-*ḥereb* *pîyyôt*", "grammar": { "*ʾaḥărît*": "noun, feminine singular with 3rd person feminine singular suffix - her end/outcome/future", "*mārâ*": "adjective, feminine singular - bitter", "*laʿănâ*": "noun, feminine singular - wormwood/bitterness", "*ḥaddâ*": "adjective, feminine singular - sharp", "*ḥereb*": "noun, feminine singular - sword", "*pîyyôt*": "noun, feminine plural - edges/mouths" }, "variants": { "*ʾaḥărît*": "end/outcome/latter part/future/final condition", "*mārâ*": "bitter/grievous/fierce", "*laʿănâ*": "wormwood/bitterness/curse", "*ḥaddâ*": "sharp/fierce/pointed", "*ḥereb*": "sword/knife/cutting implement", "*pîyyôt*": "edges/mouths/blades/double-edged" } }

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

וְֽ֭אַחֲרִיתָהּ מָרָ֣ה כַֽלַּעֲנָ֑ה חַ֝דָּ֗ה כְּחֶ֣רֶב פִּיּֽוֹת

Transliteration

But-her-ʾaḥărît mārâ like-the-laʿănâ ḥaddâ like-ḥereb pîyyôt

Grammar Details

• *ʾaḥărît*: noun, feminine singular with 3rd person feminine singular suffix - her end/outcome/future
• *mārâ*: adjective, feminine singular - bitter
• *laʿănâ*: noun, feminine singular - wormwood/bitterness
• *ḥaddâ*: adjective, feminine singular - sharp
• *ḥereb*: noun, feminine singular - sword
• *pîyyôt*: noun, feminine plural - edges/mouths

Word Meanings

• *ʾaḥărît*: end/outcome/latter part/future/final condition
• *mārâ*: bitter/grievous/fierce
• *laʿănâ*: wormwood/bitterness/curse
• *ḥaddâ*: sharp/fierce/pointed
• *ḥereb*: sword/knife/cutting implement
• *pîyyôt*: edges/mouths/blades/double-edged

Other Translations

• Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts

  But in the end, she is as bitter as wormwood, sharp as a double-edged sword.

• King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)

  But her end is bitter as wormwood, sharp as a twoedged sword.

• KJV1611 – Modern English

  But her end is bitter as wormwood, sharp as a two-edged sword.

• King James Version 1611 (Original)

  But her end is bitter as wormwood, sharp as a twoedged sword.

• American Standard Version with Strong's Numbers

  But in the end she is bitter as wormwood, Sharp as a two-edged sword.

• King James Version with Strong's Numbers

  But her end is bitter as wormwood, sharp as a twoedged sword.

• Coverdale Bible (1535)

  But at ye last she is as bitter as wormwod, and as sharpe as a two edged swerde.

• Geneva Bible (1560)

  But the end of her is bitter as wormewood, and sharpe as a two edged sworde.

• Bishops' Bible (1568)

  But at the laste she is as bitter as wormewood, and as sharpe as a two edged sworde.

• Authorized King James Version (1611)

  But her end is bitter as wormwood, sharp as a twoedged sword.

• Webster's Bible (1833)

  But in the end she is as bitter as wormwood, And as sharp as a two-edged sword.

• Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

  And her latter end `is' bitter as wormwood, Sharp as a sword `with' mouths.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  But in the end she is bitter as wormwood, Sharp as a two-edged sword.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  But in the end she is bitter as wormwood, Sharp as a two-edged sword.

• Bible in Basic English (1941)

  But her end is bitter as wormwood, and sharp as a two-edged sword;

• World English Bible (2000)

  But in the end she is as bitter as wormwood, and as sharp as a two-edged sword.

• NET Bible® (New English Translation)

  but in the end she is bitter as wormwood, sharp as a two-edged sword.

Referenced Verses

• Eccl 7:26 : 26 { "verseID": "Ecclesiastes.7.26", "source": "וּמוֹצֶא אֲנִי מַר מִמָּוֶת אֶת־הָאִשָּׁה אֲשֶׁר־הִיא מְצוֹדִים וַחֲרָמִים לִבָּהּ אֲסוּרִים יָדֶיהָ טוֹב לִפְנֵי הָאֱלֹהִים יִמָּלֵט מִמֶּנָּה וְחוֹטֵא יִלָּכֶד בָּהּ", "text": "And-*môṣēʾ* I *mar* from-*māweṯ* *ʾeṯ*-the-*ʾiššāh* that-she *məṣôḏîm* and-*ḥărāmîm* *libbāh* *ʾăsûrîm* *yāḏeyhā* *ṭôḇ* before the-*ʾĕlōhîm* *yimmālēṭ* from-her and-*ḥôṭēʾ* *yillāḵēḏ* in-her", "grammar": { "*môṣēʾ*": "Qal participle masculine singular - finding", "*mar*": "adjective, masculine singular - bitter", "*māweṯ*": "noun, masculine singular - death", "*ʾiššāh*": "noun, feminine singular with definite article - the woman", "*məṣôḏîm*": "noun, masculine plural - nets/snares", "*ḥărāmîm*": "noun, masculine plural - nets/seines", "*libbāh*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd feminine singular suffix - her heart", "*ʾăsûrîm*": "passive participle masculine plural - bound", "*yāḏeyhā*": "noun, feminine dual with 3rd feminine singular suffix - her hands", "*ṭôḇ*": "adjective, masculine singular - good", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "noun, masculine plural with definite article - the God", "*yimmālēṭ*": "Niphal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - he escapes", "*ḥôṭēʾ*": "Qal participle masculine singular - sinning one", "*yillāḵēḏ*": "Niphal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - he is caught" }, "variants": { "*môṣēʾ*": "finding/discovering", "*mar* from-*māweṯ*": "more bitter than death/worse than death", "*məṣôḏîm* and-*ḥărāmîm*": "nets and snares/traps and entanglements", "*libbāh*": "her heart/her mind/her inner being", "*ʾăsûrîm*": "bound/fettered/imprisoned", "*yāḏeyhā*": "her hands/her actions", "*ṭôḇ* before the-*ʾĕlōhîm*": "good before God/pleasing to God", "*yimmālēṭ*": "escapes/is delivered/flees", "*ḥôṭēʾ*": "sinner/one who sins/transgressor", "*yillāḵēḏ*": "is caught/is captured/is ensnared" } }
• Heb 4:12 : 12 { "verseID": "Hebrews.4.12", "source": "Ζῶν γὰρ ὁ λόγος τοῦ Θεοῦ, καὶ ἐνεργής, καὶ τομώτερος ὑπὲρ πᾶσαν μάχαιραν δίστομον, καὶ διϊκνούμενος ἄχρι μερισμοῦ ψυχῆς τὲ καὶ πνεύματος, ἁρμῶν τε καὶ μυελῶν, καὶ κριτικὸς ἐνθυμήσεων καὶ ἐννοιῶν καρδίας.", "text": "*Zōn* for the *logos* of *Theou*, and *energēs*, and *tomōteros* beyond all *machairan* *distomon*, and *diikoumenos* until *merismou* of *psychēs* both and of *pneumatos*, of *harmōn* both and of *myelōn*, and *kritikos* of *enthymēseōn* and of *ennoiōn* of *kardias*.", "grammar": { "*Zōn*": "present active participle, nominative masculine singular - living/alive", "*logos*": "nominative masculine singular - word/message", "*Theou*": "genitive masculine singular - of God", "*energēs*": "nominative masculine singular - active/effective/powerful", "*tomōteros*": "comparative adjective, nominative masculine singular - sharper", "*machairan*": "accusative feminine singular - sword/knife", "*distomon*": "accusative feminine singular - two-edged/double-mouthed", "*diikoumenos*": "present middle participle, nominative masculine singular - penetrating/passing through", "*merismou*": "genitive masculine singular - division/separation", "*psychēs*": "genitive feminine singular - soul", "*pneumatos*": "genitive neuter singular - spirit", "*harmōn*": "genitive feminine plural - joints", "*myelōn*": "genitive masculine plural - marrow", "*kritikos*": "nominative masculine singular - able to judge/discerning", "*enthymēseōn*": "genitive feminine plural - thoughts/reflections", "*ennoiōn*": "genitive feminine plural - intentions/purposes", "*kardias*": "genitive feminine singular - heart" }, "variants": { "*Zōn*": "living/alive/active", "*logos*": "word/message/speech/account/reason", "*Theou*": "God/deity", "*energēs*": "active/effective/powerful/operative", "*tomōteros*": "sharper/more cutting", "*machairan*": "sword/knife/dagger", "*distomon*": "two-edged/double-mouthed", "*diikoumenos*": "penetrating/passing through/piercing", "*merismou*": "division/separation/distribution", "*psychēs*": "soul/life/self", "*pneumatos*": "spirit/breath/wind", "*harmōn*": "joints/articulations", "*myelōn*": "marrow/innermost part", "*kritikos*": "able to judge/discerning/critical", "*enthymēseōn*": "thoughts/reflections/considerations", "*ennoiōn*": "intentions/purposes/thoughts", "*kardias*": "heart/mind/inner self" } }
• Ps 55:21 : 21 { "verseID": "Psalms.55.21", "source": "שָׁלַ֣ח יָ֭דָיו בִּשְׁלֹמָ֗יו חִלֵּ֥ל בְּרִיתֽוֹ׃", "text": "He *šālaḥ yādāyw* against *šəlōmāyw ḥillēl bərîtô*", "grammar": { "*šālaḥ*": "qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he has sent", "*yādāyw*": "feminine dual noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his hands", "*šəlōmāyw*": "masculine plural noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix and prefixed preposition beth (against) - against his friends", "*ḥillēl*": "piel perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he has profaned", "*bərîtô*": "feminine singular noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his covenant" }, "variants": { "*šālaḥ*": "he has sent/he stretched forth/he put forth", "*yādāyw*": "his hands", "*šəlōmāyw*": "his friends/those at peace with him/his allies", "*ḥillēl*": "he has profaned/he has violated/he has broken", "*bərîtô*": "his covenant/his agreement" } }
• Ps 57:4 : 4 { "verseID": "Psalms.57.4", "source": "יִשְׁלַ֤ח מִשָּׁמַ֨יִם ׀ וְֽיוֹשִׁיעֵ֗נִי חֵרֵ֣ף שֹׁאֲפִ֣י סֶ֑לָה יִשְׁלַ֥ח אֱ֝לֹהִ֗ים חַסְדּ֥וֹ וַאֲמִתּֽוֹ", "text": "*yišlaḥ* from-*šāmayim* and-*yôšîʿēnî* *ḥērēp* *šōʾăpî* *selâ* *yišlaḥ* *ʾělōhîm* *ḥasdô* and-*ʾămittô*", "grammar": { "*yišlaḥ*": "verb, Qal imperfect 3ms - he will send", "*šāmayim*": "noun, masculine dual with preposition min - from heaven", "*yôšîʿēnî*": "verb, Hiphil imperfect 3ms with 1cs suffix - he will save me", "*ḥērēp*": "verb, Piel perfect 3ms - he reproached/taunted", "*šōʾăpî*": "verb, Qal participle masculine plural construct with 1cs suffix - those who pant after me", "*selâ*": "musical notation - possibly pause/interlude", "*ḥasdô*": "noun with 3ms suffix - his lovingkindness", "*ʾămittô*": "noun with 3ms suffix - his truth/faithfulness" }, "variants": { "*šālaḥ*": "send/stretch out", "*šāmayim*": "heaven/sky", "*yāšaʿ*": "save/deliver/rescue", "*ḥārēp*": "reproach/taunt/defy", "*šāʾap*": "pant after/snatch at/crush/trample", "*selâ*": "musical interlude/pause/lift up (meaning uncertain)", "*ḥesed*": "lovingkindness/steadfast love/mercy/loyalty", "*ʾěmet*": "truth/faithfulness/reliability" } }
• Prov 6:24-35 : 24 { "verseID": "Proverbs.6.24", "source": "לִ֭שְׁמָרְךָ מֵאֵ֣שֶׁת רָ֑ע מֵֽ֝חֶלְקַ֗ת לָשׁ֥וֹן נָכְרִיָּֽה׃", "text": "To-*lišmārḵā* from-*ʾēšet* *rāʿ* from-*meḥelqat* *lāšôn* *nāḵriyyāh*", "grammar": { "*lišmārḵā*": "preposition + verb, qal infinitive construct with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - to keep you", "*ʾēšet*": "noun, feminine singular construct - wife of/woman of", "*rāʿ*": "noun, masculine singular - evil/wickedness", "*meḥelqat*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular construct - from smoothness of", "*lāšôn*": "noun, feminine singular construct - tongue of", "*nāḵriyyāh*": "adjective, feminine singular - foreign/strange" }, "variants": { "*lišmārḵā*": "to keep you/to guard you/to protect you", "*ʾēšet*": "wife of/woman of", "*rāʿ*": "evil/wickedness/bad", "*meḥelqat*": "smoothness/flattery", "*nāḵriyyāh*": "foreign/strange/alien" } } 25 { "verseID": "Proverbs.6.25", "source": "אַל־תַּחְמֹ֣ד יָ֭פְיָהּ בִּלְבָבֶ֑ךָ וְאַל־תִּ֝קָּֽחֲךָ֗ בְּעַפְעַפֶּֽיהָ׃", "text": "Not-*taḥmōd* *yāpyāh* in-*bilvāveḵā* and-not-*tiqqāḥăḵā* with-*beʿapʿappeyhā*", "grammar": { "*taḥmōd*": "verb, qal imperfect 2nd person masculine singular jussive - may you desire/covet", "*yāpyāh*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd person feminine singular suffix - her beauty", "*bilvāveḵā*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - in your heart", "*tiqqāḥăḵā*": "verb, qal imperfect 3rd person feminine singular with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - may she take you", "*beʿapʿappeyhā*": "preposition + noun, masculine plural with 3rd person feminine singular suffix - with her eyelids/eyelashes" }, "variants": { "*taḥmōd*": "desire/covet/lust after", "*tiqqāḥăḵā*": "take you/capture you/seize you" } } 26 { "verseID": "Proverbs.6.26", "source": "כִּ֤י בְעַד־אִשָּׁ֥ה זוֹנָ֗ה עַֽד־כִּכַּ֫ר לָ֥חֶם וְאֵ֥שֶׁת אִ֑ישׁ נֶ֖פֶשׁ יְקָרָ֣ה תָצֽוּד׃ פ", "text": "For on-account-of-*ʾiššāh* *zônāh* up-to-*kikkar* *lāḥem* and-*ʾēšet* *ʾîš* *nepeš* *yəqārāh* *tāṣûd*", "grammar": { "*ʾiššāh*": "noun, feminine singular - woman", "*zônāh*": "verb, qal participle feminine singular - prostituting", "*kikkar*": "noun, feminine singular construct - loaf/round of", "*lāḥem*": "noun, masculine singular - bread", "*ʾēšet*": "noun, feminine singular construct - wife of", "*ʾîš*": "noun, masculine singular - man", "*nepeš*": "noun, feminine singular - soul/life", "*yəqārāh*": "adjective, feminine singular - precious", "*tāṣûd*": "verb, qal imperfect 3rd person feminine singular - she hunts/captures" }, "variants": { "*zônāh*": "prostituting/being a harlot", "*kikkar*": "loaf/round/circle", "*nepeš*": "soul/life/self", "*yəqārāh*": "precious/valuable/rare", "*tāṣûd*": "hunts/captures/seeks" } } 27 { "verseID": "Proverbs.6.27", "source": "הֲיַחְתֶּ֤ה אִ֓ישׁ אֵ֬שׁ בְּחֵיק֑וֹ וּ֝בְגָדָ֗יו לֹ֣א תִשָּׂרַֽפְנָה׃", "text": "Can-*yaḥteh* *ʾîš* *ʾēš* in-*ḥêqô* and-*bəḡādāyw* not *tiśśārapnāh*", "grammar": { "*yaḥteh*": "verb, qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - he takes/carries", "*ʾîš*": "noun, masculine singular - man", "*ʾēš*": "noun, feminine singular - fire", "*ḥêqô*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his bosom", "*bəḡādāyw*": "noun, masculine plural with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his garments", "*tiśśārapnāh*": "verb, niphal imperfect 3rd person feminine plural - they will be burned" }, "variants": { "*yaḥteh*": "takes/carries/scoops up", "*ḥêqô*": "his bosom/his lap/his chest", "*tiśśārapnāh*": "will be burned/will be scorched" } } 28 { "verseID": "Proverbs.6.28", "source": "אִם־יְהַלֵּ֣ךְ אִ֭ישׁ עַל־הַגֶּחָלִ֑ים וְ֝רַגְלָ֗יו לֹ֣א תִכָּוֶֽינָה׃", "text": "If-*yəhallēḵ* *ʾîš* upon-the-*geḥālîm* and-*raḡlāyw* not *tikkāweynāh*", "grammar": { "*yəhallēḵ*": "verb, piel imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - he walks", "*ʾîš*": "noun, masculine singular - man", "*geḥālîm*": "noun, masculine plural - coals", "*raḡlāyw*": "noun, feminine dual with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his feet", "*tikkāweynāh*": "verb, niphal imperfect 3rd person feminine plural - they will be burned/scorched" }, "variants": { "*yəhallēḵ*": "walks/goes", "*geḥālîm*": "coals/burning coals", "*tikkāweynāh*": "will be burned/will be scorched" } } 29 { "verseID": "Proverbs.6.29", "source": "כֵּ֗ן הַ֭בָּא אֶל־אֵ֣שֶׁת רֵעֵ֑הוּ לֹ֥א יִ֝נָּקֶ֗ה כָּֽל־הַנֹּגֵ֥עַ בָּֽהּ׃", "text": "Thus the-one-*habbāʾ* to-*ʾēšet* *rēʿēhû* not *yinnāqeh* all the-one-*hannōḡēaʿ* in-her", "grammar": { "*habbāʾ*": "article + verb, qal participle masculine singular - the one who comes/goes", "*ʾēšet*": "noun, feminine singular construct - wife of", "*rēʿēhû*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his neighbor", "*yinnāqeh*": "verb, niphal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - he will be innocent/go unpunished", "*hannōḡēaʿ*": "article + verb, qal participle masculine singular - the one who touches" }, "variants": { "*habbāʾ*": "the one who comes/the one who enters", "*yinnāqeh*": "will be innocent/will go unpunished/will be free", "*hannōḡēaʿ*": "the one who touches/the one who makes contact with" } } 30 { "verseID": "Proverbs.6.30", "source": "לֹא־יָב֣וּזוּ לַ֭גַּנָּב כִּ֣י יִגְנ֑וֹב לְמַלֵּ֥א נַ֝פְשׁ֗וֹ כִּ֣י יִרְעָֽב׃", "text": "Not-*yāvûzû* to-the-*gannāv* when *yiḡnôv* to-*mallēʾ* *napšô* when *yirʿāv*", "grammar": { "*yāvûzû*": "verb, qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural - they despise/hold in contempt", "*gannāv*": "noun, masculine singular - thief", "*yiḡnôv*": "verb, qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - he steals", "*mallēʾ*": "verb, piel infinitive construct - to fill", "*napšô*": "noun, feminine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his soul/appetite", "*yirʿāv*": "verb, qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - he is hungry" }, "variants": { "*yāvûzû*": "despise/hold in contempt/scorn", "*mallēʾ*": "to fill/to satisfy", "*napšô*": "his soul/his appetite/himself", "*yirʿāv*": "is hungry/starves" } } 31 { "verseID": "Proverbs.6.31", "source": "וְ֭נִמְצָא יְשַׁלֵּ֣ם שִׁבְעָתָ֑יִם אֶת־כָּל־ה֖וֹן בֵּית֣וֹ יִתֵּֽן׃", "text": "And-*nimṣāʾ* *yəšallēm* *šivʿātāyim* *ʾet*-all-*hôn* *bêtô* *yittēn*", "grammar": { "*nimṣāʾ*": "verb, niphal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - he is found/caught", "*yəšallēm*": "verb, piel imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - he will repay/restore", "*šivʿātāyim*": "adverb - sevenfold", "*hôn*": "noun, masculine singular construct - wealth/substance of", "*bêtô*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his house", "*yittēn*": "verb, qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - he will give" }, "variants": { "*nimṣāʾ*": "is found/is caught", "*yəšallēm*": "will repay/will restore/will make restitution", "*hôn*": "wealth/substance/goods" } } 32 { "verseID": "Proverbs.6.32", "source": "נֹאֵ֣ף אִשָּׁ֣ה חֲסַר־לֵ֑ב מַֽשְׁחִ֥ית נַ֝פְשׁ֗וֹ ה֣וּא יַעֲשֶֽׂנָּה׃", "text": "*nōʾēp* *ʾiššāh* lacking-*lēv* *mašḥît* *napšô* he *yaʿăśennāh*", "grammar": { "*nōʾēp*": "verb, qal participle masculine singular - committing adultery with", "*ʾiššāh*": "noun, feminine singular - woman", "*lēv*": "noun, masculine singular - heart/mind", "*mašḥît*": "verb, hiphil participle masculine singular - destroying", "*napšô*": "noun, feminine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his soul", "*yaʿăśennāh*": "verb, qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular with 3rd person feminine singular suffix - he does it" }, "variants": { "*nōʾēp*": "committing adultery with/being unfaithful with", "*lēv*": "heart/mind/understanding", "*mašḥît*": "destroying/ruining", "*napšô*": "his soul/his life/himself" } } 33 { "verseID": "Proverbs.6.33", "source": "נֶֽגַע־וְקָל֥וֹן יִמְצָ֑א וְ֝חֶרְפָּת֗וֹ לֹ֣א תִמָּחֶֽה׃", "text": "*neḡaʿ*-and-*qālôn* *yimṣāʾ* and-*ḥerpātô* not *timmāḥeh*", "grammar": { "*neḡaʿ*": "noun, masculine singular - wound/plague", "*qālôn*": "noun, masculine singular - shame/disgrace", "*yimṣāʾ*": "verb, qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - he will find", "*ḥerpātô*": "noun, feminine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his reproach", "*timmāḥeh*": "verb, niphal imperfect 3rd person feminine singular - it will be wiped away" }, "variants": { "*neḡaʿ*": "wound/plague/injury", "*qālôn*": "shame/disgrace/dishonor", "*ḥerpātô*": "his reproach/his disgrace/his shame", "*timmāḥeh*": "will be wiped away/will be blotted out/will be erased" } } 34 { "verseID": "Proverbs.6.34", "source": "כִּֽי־קִנְאָ֥ה חֲמַת־גָּ֑בֶר וְלֹֽא־יַ֝חְמ֗וֹל בְּי֣וֹם נָקָֽם׃", "text": "For-*qinʾāh* *ḥămat*-*gāver* and-not-*yaḥmōl* in-*yôm* *nāqām*", "grammar": { "*qinʾāh*": "noun, feminine singular - jealousy", "*ḥămat*": "noun, feminine singular construct - fury/wrath of", "*gāver*": "noun, masculine singular - man", "*yaḥmōl*": "verb, qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - he will spare/have compassion", "*yôm*": "noun, masculine singular - day", "*nāqām*": "noun, masculine singular - vengeance" }, "variants": { "*qinʾāh*": "jealousy/zeal", "*ḥămat*": "fury/wrath/rage", "*yaḥmōl*": "will spare/will have compassion/will pity", "*nāqām*": "vengeance/revenge" } } 35 { "verseID": "Proverbs.6.35", "source": "לֹא־יִ֭שָּׂא פְּנֵ֣י כָל־כֹּ֑פֶר וְלֹֽא־יֹ֝אבֶ֗ה כִּ֣י תַרְבֶּה־שֹֽׁחַד׃ פ", "text": "Not-*yiśśāʾ* *pənê* any-*kōper* and-not-*yōʾveh* though *tarbeh*-*šōḥad*", "grammar": { "*yiśśāʾ*": "verb, qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - he will accept/lift up", "*pənê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - face of", "*kōper*": "noun, masculine singular - ransom/bribe", "*yōʾveh*": "verb, qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - he will be willing/consent", "*tarbeh*": "verb, hiphil imperfect 2nd person masculine singular - you increase/multiply", "*šōḥad*": "noun, masculine singular - gift/present/bribe" }, "variants": { "*yiśśāʾ* *pənê*": "will accept/will show favor to/will regard", "*kōper*": "ransom/bribe/payment", "*yōʾveh*": "will be willing/will consent/will agree", "*tarbeh*": "increase/multiply/make great", "*šōḥad*": "gift/present/bribe" } }
• Prov 7:22-23 : 22 { "verseID": "Proverbs.7.22", "source": "ה֤וֹלֵ֥ךְ אַחֲרֶ֗יהָ פִּ֫תְאֹ֥ם כְּ֭שׁוֹר אֶל־טֶ֣בַח יָב֑וֹא וּ֝כְעֶ֗כֶס אֶל־מוּסַ֥ר אֱוֽ͏ִיל׃", "text": "He *hôlēḵ* after her *piṯʾōm*, like a *šôr* to *ṭeḇaḥ* he *yāḇôʾ*, and like *ʿeḵes* to *mûsar* of *ʾĕwîl*.", "grammar": { "*hôlēḵ*": "verb, qal participle, masculine singular - going", "*piṯʾōm*": "adverb - suddenly/all at once", "*šôr*": "noun, masculine singular - ox/bull", "*ṭeḇaḥ*": "noun, masculine singular - slaughter", "*yāḇôʾ*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he comes", "*ʿeḵes*": "noun, masculine singular - fetters/chains/anklets", "*mûsar*": "noun, masculine singular construct - discipline/correction", "*ʾĕwîl*": "noun, masculine singular - fool" }, "variants": { "*ʿeḵes*": "fetters/chains/anklets/shackles", "*mûsar*": "discipline/correction/chastisement", "*ʾĕwîl*": "fool/stupid person" } } 23 { "verseID": "Proverbs.7.23", "source": "עַ֤ד יְפַלַּ֪ח חֵ֡ץ כְּֽבֵד֗וֹ כְּמַהֵ֣ר צִפּ֣וֹר אֶל־פָּ֑ח וְלֹֽא־יָ֝דַ֗ע כִּֽי־בְנַפְשׁ֥וֹ הֽוּא׃", "text": "Until *yĕp̄allaḥ* *ḥēṣ* his *kĕḇēḏô*, like *mahēr* *ṣippôr* to *pāḥ*, and not he *yāḏaʿ* that in his *nap̄šô* it is.", "grammar": { "*yĕp̄allaḥ*": "verb, piel imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - it pierces/splits", "*ḥēṣ*": "noun, masculine singular - arrow", "*kĕḇēḏô*": "noun, masculine singular construct with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his liver", "*mahēr*": "verb, piel participle, masculine singular - hastening", "*ṣippôr*": "noun, masculine singular - bird", "*pāḥ*": "noun, masculine singular - trap/snare", "*yāḏaʿ*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he knows", "*nap̄šô*": "noun, feminine singular construct with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his life/soul" }, "variants": { "*yĕp̄allaḥ*": "pierces/splits/cleaves", "*kĕḇēḏô*": "liver/inner being", "*nap̄šô*": "life/soul/self" } }
• Prov 9:18 : 18 { "verseID": "Proverbs.9.18", "source": "וְֽלֹא־יָ֭דַע כִּֽי־רְפָאִ֣ים שָׁ֑ם בְּעִמְקֵ֖י שְׁא֣וֹל קְרֻאֶֽיהָ׃ פ", "text": "*wlōʾ-yādaʿ* *kî-rpāʾîm* *šām* *bʿimqê* *šʾôl* *qruʾêhā*", "grammar": { "*wlōʾ-yādaʿ*": "conjunction with negative particle and Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - and he does not know", "*kî-rpāʾîm*": "conjunction with masculine plural noun - that the dead/shades", "*šām*": "adverb - there", "*bʿimqê*": "preposition with masculine plural construct noun - in depths of", "*šʾôl*": "feminine noun - Sheol/grave/underworld", "*qruʾêhā*": "masculine plural adjective/passive participle with 3rd feminine singular suffix - her invited ones" }, "variants": { "*yādaʿ*": "knows/understands/perceives", "*rpāʾîm*": "dead/shades/departed spirits/ghosts", "*ʿimqê*": "depths/deep places", "*šʾôl*": "Sheol/grave/underworld/realm of the dead", "*qruʾêhā*": "her invited ones/her guests/those called by her" } }
• Prov 23:27-28 : 27 { "verseID": "Proverbs.23.27", "source": "כִּֽי־שׁוּחָ֣ה עֲמֻקָּ֣ה זוֹנָ֑ה וּבְאֵ֥ר צָ֝רָ֗ה נָכְרִיָּֽה׃", "text": "For a *šûḥāh ʿămûqqāh zônāh*, and a *bǝʾēr ṣārāh noḵrîyyāh*.", "grammar": { "*šûḥāh*": "noun, feminine singular - pit", "*ʿămûqqāh*": "adjective, feminine singular - deep", "*zônāh*": "qal participle, feminine singular - prostitute/harlot", "*bǝʾēr*": "noun, feminine singular - well/pit", "*ṣārāh*": "adjective, feminine singular - narrow", "*noḵrîyyāh*": "adjective, feminine singular - foreign/strange woman" }, "variants": { "*šûḥāh ʿămûqqāh*": "deep pit/deep ditch", "*zônāh*": "prostitute/harlot", "*bǝʾēr ṣārāh*": "narrow well/confined pit", "*noḵrîyyāh*": "foreign woman/strange woman/adulteress" } } 28 { "verseID": "Proverbs.23.28", "source": "אַף־הִ֭יא כְּחֶ֣תֶף תֶּֽאֱרֹ֑ב וּ֝בוֹגְדִ֗ים בְּאָדָ֥ם תּוֹסִֽף׃", "text": "Also she like *ḥeṯep̄ teʾěrōḇ*, and *ḇôḡǝḏîm* among *ʾāḏām tôsîp̄*.", "grammar": { "*ḥeṯep̄*": "noun, masculine singular - prey/plunder", "*teʾěrōḇ*": "qal imperfect, 3rd person feminine singular - lies in wait/ambushes", "*ḇôḡǝḏîm*": "qal participle, masculine plural - treacherous ones/unfaithful men", "*ʾāḏām*": "noun, masculine singular - mankind/humanity", "*tôsîp̄*": "hiphil imperfect, 3rd person feminine singular - increases/adds to" }, "variants": { "*ḥeṯep̄*": "prey/plunder/robber", "*teʾěrōḇ*": "lies in wait/ambushes/lurks", "*ḇôḡǝḏîm*": "treacherous ones/unfaithful men/traitors", "*tôsîp̄*": "increases/adds to/multiplies" } }
• Heb 12:15-16 : 15 { "verseID": "Hebrews.12.15", "source": "Ἐπισκοποῦντες μή τις ὑστερῶν ἀπὸ τῆς χάριτος τοῦ Θεοῦ· μή τις ῥίζα πικρίας ἄνω φύουσα ἐνοχλῇ, καὶ διὰ ταὐτῆς μιανθῶσιν πολλοί·", "text": "*Episkopountes* lest anyone *hysterōn* from the *charitos* of *Theou*; lest any *rhiza pikrias anō phyousa enochlē*, and through this *mianthōsin* many;", "grammar": { "*Episkopountes*": "participle, present active, nominative, plural, masculine - watching over/looking carefully", "*hysterōn*": "participle, present active, nominative, singular, masculine - falling short/coming behind", "*charitos*": "noun, genitive, singular, feminine - of grace", "*Theou*": "noun, genitive, singular, masculine - of God", "*rhiza*": "noun, nominative, singular, feminine - root", "*pikrias*": "noun, genitive, singular, feminine - of bitterness", "*anō*": "adverb - upward/above", "*phyousa*": "participle, present active, nominative, singular, feminine - springing up/growing", "*enochlē*": "verb, present active subjunctive, 3rd person singular - cause trouble/disturb", "*mianthōsin*": "verb, aorist passive subjunctive, 3rd person plural - be defiled/polluted" }, "variants": { "*Episkopountes*": "watching over/looking carefully/seeing to it/overseeing", "*hysterōn*": "falling short/coming behind/failing/missing", "*enochlē*": "cause trouble/disturb/create difficulty", "*mianthōsin*": "be defiled/polluted/contaminated" } } 16 { "verseID": "Hebrews.12.16", "source": "Μή τις πόρνος, ἢ βέβηλος, ὡς Ἠσαῦ, ὃς ἀντὶ βρώσεως μιᾶς ἀπέδοτο τὰ πρωτοτόκια αὐτοῦ.", "text": "Lest any *pornos*, or *bebēlos*, as *Ēsau*, who *anti brōseōs mias apedoto* the *prōtotokia* of him.", "grammar": { "*pornos*": "noun, nominative, singular, masculine - fornicator/sexually immoral person", "*bebēlos*": "adjective, nominative, singular, masculine - profane/unholy", "*Ēsau*": "proper noun, nominative, singular, masculine - Esau", "*anti*": "preposition + genitive - for/in exchange for", "*brōseōs*": "noun, genitive, singular, feminine - of food/eating", "*mias*": "adjective, genitive, singular, feminine - of one/single", "*apedoto*": "verb, aorist middle indicative, 3rd person singular - sold/gave away", "*prōtotokia*": "noun, accusative, plural, neuter - birthright" }, "variants": { "*pornos*": "fornicator/sexually immoral person/one who practices sexual immorality", "*bebēlos*": "profane/unholy/godless/worldly", "*brōseōs*": "food/eating/meal", "*prōtotokia*": "birthright/rights of the firstborn" } }
• Judg 16:4-6 : 4 { "verseID": "Judges.16.4", "source": "וֽ͏ַיְהִי֙ אַחֲרֵי כֵ֔ן וַיֶּאֱהַ֥ב אִשָּׁ֖ה בְּנַ֣חַל שֹׂרֵ֑ק וּשְׁמָ֖הּ דְּלִילָֽה׃", "text": "And *wə-yĕhî* after this and *wə-yeʾĕhab* *ʾiššâ* in-*naḥal* *Śôrēq* and-*šĕmāh* *Dĕlîlâ*.", "grammar": { "*wə-yĕhî*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and it was/came to pass", "*wə-yeʾĕhab*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he loved", "*ʾiššâ*": "noun, feminine singular - woman", "*naḥal*": "noun, masculine singular construct - valley/wadi of", "*Śôrēq*": "proper noun - Sorek", "*šĕmāh*": "noun, masculine singular + 3rd feminine singular suffix - her name", "*Dĕlîlâ*": "proper noun - Delilah" }, "variants": { "*yeʾĕhab*": "love/be in love with", "*naḥal*": "valley/wadi/stream" } } 5 { "verseID": "Judges.16.5", "source": "וַיַּעֲל֨וּ אֵלֶ֜יהָ סַרְנֵ֣י פְלִשְׁתִּ֗ים וַיֹּ֨אמְרוּ לָ֜הּ פַּתִּ֣י אוֹת֗וֹ וּרְאִי֙ בַּמֶּה֙ כֹּח֣וֹ גָד֔וֹל וּבַמֶּה֙ נ֣וּכַל ל֔וֹ וַאֲסַרְנֻ֖הוּ לְעַנֹּת֑וֹ וַאֲנַ֙חְנוּ֙ נִתַּן־לָ֔ךְ אִ֕ישׁ אֶ֥לֶף וּמֵאָ֖ה כָּֽסֶף׃", "text": "And *wə-yaʿălû* to-her *sarnê* *Pĕlištîm* and *wə-yōʾmĕrû* to-her *pattî* him and-*rĕʾî* in-what *kōḥô* *gādôl* and-in-what *nûkal* to-him and-*wə-ʾăsarnuhû* to-*ʿannôtô* and-we *nittan*-to-you *ʾîš* thousand and-hundred *kāseph*.", "grammar": { "*wə-yaʿălû*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural - and they went up", "*sarnê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - lords of", "*Pĕlištîm*": "proper noun, masculine plural - Philistines", "*wə-yōʾmĕrû*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural - and they said", "*pattî*": "Piel imperative feminine singular - entice/seduce", "*rĕʾî*": "Qal imperative feminine singular - see", "*kōḥô*": "noun, masculine singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his strength", "*gādôl*": "adjective, masculine singular - great", "*nûkal*": "Qal imperfect 1st common plural - we can prevail", "*wə-ʾăsarnuhû*": "waw consecutive + Qal perfect 1st common plural + 3rd masculine singular suffix - and we will bind him", "*ʿannôtô*": "Piel infinitive construct + 3rd masculine singular suffix - to afflict/humble him", "*nittan*": "Qal imperfect 1st common plural - we will give", "*ʾîš*": "noun, masculine singular - each man", "*kāseph*": "noun, masculine singular - silver/money" }, "variants": { "*sarnê*": "lords/rulers/tyrants (Philistine rulers)", "*pattî*": "entice/seduce/persuade", "*nûkal*": "prevail/overcome/be able", "*ʿannôtô*": "afflict/humble/oppress", "*ʾîš*": "each/each man (distributive use)" } } 6 { "verseID": "Judges.16.6", "source": "וַתֹּ֤אמֶר דְּלִילָה֙ אֶל־שִׁמְשׁ֔וֹן הַגִּֽידָה־נָּ֣א לִ֔י בַּמֶּ֖ה כֹּחֲךָ֣ גָד֑וֹל וּבַמֶּ֥ה תֵאָסֵ֖ר לְעַנּוֹתֶֽךָ׃", "text": "And *wə-tōʾmer* *Dĕlîlâ* to-*Shimshôn* *haggîdâ*-*nāʾ* to-me in-what *kōḥăkā* *gādôl* and-in-what *tēʾāsēr* to-*ʿannôtekā*.", "grammar": { "*wə-tōʾmer*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect 3rd feminine singular - and she said", "*Dĕlîlâ*": "proper noun - Delilah", "*Shimshôn*": "proper noun - Samson", "*haggîdâ*": "Hiphil imperative masculine singular - tell/declare", "*nāʾ*": "particle - please/now", "*kōḥăkā*": "noun, masculine singular + 2nd masculine singular suffix - your strength", "*gādôl*": "adjective, masculine singular - great", "*tēʾāsēr*": "Niphal imperfect 2nd masculine singular - you could be bound", "*ʿannôtekā*": "Piel infinitive construct + 2nd masculine singular suffix - to afflict/humble you" }, "variants": { "*haggîdâ*": "tell/declare/inform", "*tēʾāsēr*": "be bound/tied", "*ʿannôtekā*": "afflict/humble/oppress you" } }
• Judg 16:15-21 : 15 { "verseID": "Judges.16.15", "source": "וַתֹּ֣אמֶר אֵלָ֗יו אֵ֚יךְ תֹּאמַ֣ר אֲהַבְתִּ֔יךְ וְלִבְּךָ֖ אֵ֣ין אִתִּ֑י זֶ֣ה שָׁלֹ֤שׁ פְּעָמִים֙ הֵתַ֣לְתָּ בִּ֔י וְלֹא־הִגַּ֣דְתָּ לִּ֔י בַּמֶּ֖ה כֹּחֲךָ֥ גָדֽוֹל׃", "text": "And she *ʾāmar* to him, \"How *ʾāmar* you 'I have *ʾāhab* you,' and your *lēb* is not with me? This *šālōš* *pᵉʿāmîm* you have *hātal* in me, and not-*nāḡad* to me in what your *kōaḥ* is *ḡādôl*.\"", "grammar": { "*ʾāmar*": "Qal imperfect 3rd feminine singular with waw consecutive - said, spoke", "*ʾāmar*": "Qal imperfect 2nd masculine singular - say, speak", "*ʾāhab*": "Qal perfect 1st singular with 2nd masculine singular suffix - loved", "*lēb*": "noun, masculine singular with 2nd masculine singular suffix - heart, mind", "*šālōš*": "numeral, cardinal - three", "*pᵉʿāmîm*": "noun, feminine plural - times, instances", "*hātal*": "Piel perfect 2nd masculine singular - mocked, deceived", "*nāḡad*": "Hiphil perfect 2nd masculine singular - told, declared, reported", "*kōaḥ*": "noun, masculine singular with 2nd masculine singular suffix - strength, power", "*ḡādôl*": "adjective, masculine singular - great, large" }, "variants": { "*lēb*": "heart, mind, inner person, will", "*hātal*": "mocked, deceived, deluded, played false", "*kōaḥ*": "strength, power, might, ability" } } 16 { "verseID": "Judges.16.16", "source": "וַ֠יְהִי כִּֽי־הֵצִ֨יקָה לּ֧וֹ בִדְבָרֶ֛יהָ כָּל־הַיָּמִ֖ים וַתְּאַֽלֲצֵ֑הוּ וַתִּקְצַ֥ר נַפְשׁ֖וֹ לָמֽוּת׃", "text": "And it *hāyâ* when-she *ṣûq* him with her *dābār* all-the *yôm* and *ʾālaṣ* him, and *qāṣar* his *nepeš* to *mût*.", "grammar": { "*hāyâ*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular with waw consecutive - was, happened, became", "*ṣûq*": "Hiphil perfect 3rd feminine singular - pressed, distressed, urged", "*dābār*": "noun, masculine plural with feminine singular suffix - words, matters, things", "*yôm*": "noun, masculine plural - days", "*ʾālaṣ*": "Piel imperfect 3rd feminine singular with waw consecutive - pressed, urged", "*qāṣar*": "Qal imperfect 3rd feminine singular with waw consecutive - was shortened, became impatient", "*nepeš*": "noun, feminine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - soul, life, person", "*mût*": "Qal infinitive construct - to die, death" }, "variants": { "*ṣûq*": "pressed, distressed, urged, harassed", "*ʾālaṣ*": "pressed, urged, compelled, forced", "*qāṣar*": "was shortened, became impatient, grew weary", "*nepeš*": "soul, life, person, inner being, desire" } } 17 { "verseID": "Judges.16.17", "source": "וַיַּגֶּד־לָ֣הּ אֶת־כָּל־לִבּ֗וֹ וַיֹּ֤אמֶר לָהּ֙ מוֹרָה֙ לֹֽא־עָלָ֣ה עַל־רֹאשִׁ֔י כִּֽי־נְזִ֧יר אֱלֹהִ֛ים אֲנִ֖י מִבֶּ֣טֶן אִמִּ֑י אִם־גֻּלַּ֙חְתִּי֙ וְסָ֣ר מִמֶּ֣נִּי כֹחִ֔י וְחָלִ֥יתִי וְהָיִ֖יתִי כְּכָל־הָאָדָֽם׃", "text": "And he *nāḡad*-to her *ʾet*-all-his *lēb*, and he *ʾāmar* to her, \"*Môrâ* not-*ʿālâ* upon-my *rōʾš*, for-*nāzîr* of *ʾĕlōhîm* I am from *beṭen* of my *ʾēm*. If-I am *gālaḥ* and *sûr* from me my *kōaḥ*, and I will be *ḥālâ* and be *hāyâ* like all-the *ʾādām*.\"", "grammar": { "*nāḡad*": "Hiphil imperfect 3rd masculine singular with waw consecutive - told, declared, reported", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*lēb*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - heart, mind", "*ʾāmar*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular with waw consecutive - said, spoke", "*Môrâ*": "noun, feminine singular - razor", "*ʿālâ*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - went up, ascended, came upon", "*rōʾš*": "noun, masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix - head", "*nāzîr*": "noun, masculine singular construct - consecrated one, Nazirite", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "noun, masculine plural - God, gods", "*beṭen*": "noun, feminine singular construct - womb, belly", "*ʾēm*": "noun, feminine singular with 1st person singular suffix - mother", "*gālaḥ*": "Pual perfect 1st singular - be shaved, be sheared", "*sûr*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular with waw consecutive - turn aside, depart", "*kōaḥ*": "noun, masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix - strength, power", "*ḥālâ*": "Qal perfect 1st singular with waw consecutive - be weak, be sick", "*hāyâ*": "Qal perfect 1st singular with waw consecutive - to be, become", "*ʾādām*": "noun, masculine singular - man, mankind, humanity" }, "variants": { "*Môrâ*": "razor, shearing implement", "*nāzîr*": "consecrated one, Nazirite, one separated/dedicated", "*beṭen*": "womb, belly, body", "*sûr*": "turn aside, depart, be removed", "*ḥālâ*": "be weak, be sick, be feeble" } } 18 { "verseID": "Judges.16.18", "source": "וַתֵּ֣רֶא דְלִילָ֗ה כִּֽי־הִגִּ֣יד לָהּ֮ אֶת־כָּל־לִבּוֹ֒ וַתִּשְׁלַ֡ח וַתִּקְרָא֩ לְסַרְנֵ֨י פְלִשְׁתִּ֤ים לֵאמֹר֙ עֲל֣וּ הַפַּ֔עַם כִּֽי־הִגִּ֥יד לִ֖י אֶת־כָּל־לִבּ֑וֹ וְעָל֤וּ אֵלֶ֙יהָ֙ סַרְנֵ֣י פְלִשְׁתִּ֔ים וַיַּעֲל֥וּ הַכֶּ֖סֶף בְּיָדָֽם׃", "text": "And *rāʾâ* *Dᵉlîlâ* that-he *nāḡad* to her *ʾet*-all-his *lēb*, and she *šālaḥ* and she *qārāʾ* to *seren* of *Pᵉlištîm* *lēʾmōr*, \"*ʿālâ* the *paʿam*, for-he has *nāḡad* to me *ʾet*-all-his *lēb*.\" And *ʿālâ* to her *seren* of *Pᵉlištîm*, and they *ʿālâ* the *kesep* in their *yād*.", "grammar": { "*rāʾâ*": "Qal imperfect 3rd feminine singular with waw consecutive - saw, perceived", "*Dᵉlîlâ*": "proper noun, feminine singular - Delilah", "*nāḡad*": "Hiphil perfect 3rd masculine singular - told, declared, reported", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*lēb*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - heart, mind", "*šālaḥ*": "Qal imperfect 3rd feminine singular with waw consecutive - sent", "*qārāʾ*": "Qal imperfect 3rd feminine singular with waw consecutive - called, summoned", "*seren*": "noun, masculine plural construct - lords, rulers (Philistine rulers)", "*Pᵉlištîm*": "proper noun, masculine plural - Philistines", "*lēʾmōr*": "Qal infinitive construct with preposition - saying", "*ʿālâ*": "Qal imperative masculine plural - come up, ascend", "*paʿam*": "noun, feminine singular with definite article - time, occurrence", "*nāḡad*": "Hiphil perfect 3rd masculine singular - told, declared, reported", "*ʿālâ*": "Qal perfect 3rd common plural with waw consecutive - came up, ascended", "*kesep*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - silver, money", "*yād*": "noun, feminine singular with 3rd masculine plural suffix - hand" }, "variants": { "*seren*": "lords, rulers, axis-lords (title specific to Philistine rulers)", "*paʿam*": "time, occurrence, instance, step", "*kesep*": "silver, money, payment" } } 19 { "verseID": "Judges.16.19", "source": "וַתְּיַשְּׁנֵ֙הוּ֙ עַל־בִּרְכֶּ֔יהָ וַתִּקְרָ֣א לָאִ֔ישׁ וַתְּגַלַּ֕ח אֶת־שֶׁ֖בַע מַחְלְפ֣וֹת רֹאשׁ֑וֹ וַתָּ֙חֶל֙ לְעַנּוֹת֔וֹ וַיָּ֥סַר כֹּח֖וֹ מֵעָלָֽיו׃", "text": "And she *yāšan* him upon-her *berek*, and she *qārāʾ* to the *ʾîš*, and she *gālaḥ* *ʾet*-*šebaʿ* *maḥᵊlāpâ* of his *rōʾš*, and she *ḥālal* to *ʿānâ* him, and his *kōaḥ* *sûr* from upon him.", "grammar": { "*yāšan*": "Piel imperfect 3rd feminine singular with waw consecutive with 3rd masculine singular suffix - caused to sleep", "*berek*": "noun, feminine dual with 3rd feminine singular suffix - knees", "*qārāʾ*": "Qal imperfect 3rd feminine singular with waw consecutive - called, summoned", "*ʾîš*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - man", "*gālaḥ*": "Piel imperfect 3rd feminine singular with waw consecutive - shaved, cut off", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*šebaʿ*": "numeral, cardinal - seven", "*maḥᵊlāpâ*": "noun, feminine plural construct - locks, braids of hair", "*rōʾš*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - head", "*ḥālal*": "Hiphil imperfect 3rd feminine singular with waw consecutive - began", "*ʿānâ*": "Piel infinitive construct with 3rd masculine singular suffix - to afflict, to oppress", "*kōaḥ*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - strength, power", "*sûr*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular with waw consecutive - turned aside, departed" }, "variants": { "*yāšan*": "caused to sleep, made to sleep", "*maḥᵊlāpâ*": "locks, braids of hair, plaits", "*ḥālal*": "began, started, profaned", "*ʿānâ*": "to afflict, to oppress, to humiliate, to weaken" } } 20 { "verseID": "Judges.16.20", "source": "וַתֹּ֕אמֶר פְּלִשְׁתִּ֥ים עָלֶ֖יךָ שִׁמְשׁ֑וֹן וַיִּקַ֣ץ מִשְּׁנָת֗וֹ וַיֹּ֙אמֶר֙ אֵצֵ֞א כְּפַ֤עַם בְּפַ֙עַם֙ וְאִנָּעֵ֔ר וְהוּא֙ לֹ֣א יָדַ֔ע כִּ֥י יְהוָ֖ה סָ֥ר מֵעָלָֽיו׃", "text": "And she *ʾāmar*, \"*Pᵉlištîm* upon you, *Šimšôn*!\" And he *yāqaṣ* from his *šēnâ*, and he *ʾāmar*, \"I will *yāṣāʾ* as *paʿam* in *paʿam* and *nāʿar*.\" And he not *yādaʿ* that *YHWH* had *sûr* from upon him.", "grammar": { "*ʾāmar*": "Qal imperfect 3rd feminine singular with waw consecutive - said, spoke", "*Pᵉlištîm*": "proper noun, masculine plural - Philistines", "*Šimšôn*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Samson", "*yāqaṣ*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular with waw consecutive - awoke", "*šēnâ*": "noun, feminine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - sleep", "*ʾāmar*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular with waw consecutive - said, spoke", "*yāṣāʾ*": "Qal imperfect 1st singular - go out, come out", "*paʿam*": "noun, feminine singular - time, occurrence", "*nāʿar*": "Niphal imperfect 1st singular with waw consecutive - shake myself", "*yādaʿ*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - knew, understood", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - Yahweh, LORD", "*sûr*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - turned aside, departed" }, "variants": { "*yāṣāʾ*": "go out, come out, exit", "*paʿam* in *paʿam*": "time after time, as at other times", "*nāʿar*": "shake myself, rouse myself, free myself", "*sûr*": "turned aside, departed, left, removed himself" } } 21 { "verseID": "Judges.16.21", "source": "וַיֹּאחֲז֣וּהוּ פְלִשְׁתִּ֔ים וֽ͏ַיְנַקְּר֖וּ אֶת־עֵינָ֑יו וַיּוֹרִ֨ידוּ אוֹת֜וֹ עַזָּ֗תָה וַיַּאַסְר֙וּהוּ֙ בַּֽנְחֻשְׁתַּ֔יִם וַיְהִ֥י טוֹחֵ֖ן בְּבֵ֥ית הָאֲסוּרִֽים׃", "text": "And *ʾāḥaz* him *Pᵉlištîm*, and they *nāqar* *ʾet*-his *ʿayin*, and they *yārad* him *ʿAzzâ*-ward, and they *ʾāsar* him with *nᵉḥošet*, and he *hāyâ* *ṭāḥan* in *bayit* of the *ʾāsîr*.", "grammar": { "*ʾāḥaz*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural with waw consecutive with 3rd masculine singular suffix - seized, took hold of", "*Pᵉlištîm*": "proper noun, masculine plural - Philistines", "*nāqar*": "Piel imperfect 3rd masculine plural with waw consecutive - gouged out, bored out", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*ʿayin*": "noun, feminine dual with 3rd masculine singular suffix - eyes", "*yārad*": "Hiphil imperfect 3rd masculine plural with waw consecutive - brought down, led down", "*ʿAzzâ*": "proper noun, location - Gaza", "*ʾāsar*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural with waw consecutive with 3rd masculine singular suffix - bound, tied", "*nᵉḥošet*": "noun, feminine dual with definite article - bronze fetters, chains", "*hāyâ*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular with waw consecutive - became, was", "*ṭāḥan*": "Qal participle masculine singular - grinding", "*bayit*": "noun, masculine singular construct - house", "*ʾāsîr*": "noun, masculine plural with definite article - prisoners, captives" }, "variants": { "*nāqar*": "gouged out, bored out, put out", "*nᵉḥošet*": "bronze fetters, chains, shackles", "*ṭāḥan*": "grinding (grain), milling", "*ʾāsîr*": "prisoners, captives, those bound" } }