1 {
"verseID": "Psalms.51.1",
"source": "לַמְנַצֵּ֗חַ מִזְמ֥וֹר לְדָוִֽד׃",
"text": "To-the-*mənaṣṣēaḥ* *mizmôr* to-*Dāwid*",
"grammar": {
"*mənaṣṣēaḥ*": "noun with prefixed preposition lamed (to/for) - director/chief musician",
"*mizmôr*": "masculine singular noun - psalm/song",
"*Dāwid*": "proper name with prefixed preposition lamed (to/for/by) - David"
},
"variants": {
"*mənaṣṣēaḥ*": "director/chief musician/choir director",
"*mizmôr*": "psalm/melody/song with instrumental accompaniment"
}
}
2 {
"verseID": "Psalms.51.2",
"source": "בְּֽבוֹא־אֵ֭לָיו נָתָ֣ן הַנָּבִ֑יא כַּֽאֲשֶׁר־בָּ֝֗א אֶל־בַּת־שָֽׁבַע׃",
"text": "When-*bôʾ*-to-him *Nātān* the-*nābîʾ* *kaʾăšer*-*bāʾ* to-*bat*-*šābaʿ*",
"grammar": {
"*bôʾ*": "infinitive construct with prefixed beth (in/when) - coming/entering",
"*Nātān*": "proper name - Nathan",
"*nābîʾ*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - prophet",
"*kaʾăšer*": "compound preposition - according to/when",
"*bāʾ*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - he came/went",
"*bat*-*šābaʿ*": "construct form - daughter of Sheba/Bathsheba"
},
"variants": {
"*bôʾ*": "coming/entering/approaching",
"*nābîʾ*": "prophet/spokesman"
}
}
3 {
"verseID": "Psalms.51.3",
"source": "חָנֵּ֣נִי אֱלֹהִ֣ים כְּחַסְדֶּ֑ךָ כְּרֹ֥ב רַ֝חֲמֶ֗יךָ מְחֵ֣ה פְשָׁעָֽי׃",
"text": "*ḥānnēnî* *ʾĕlōhîm* according-to-*ḥasdəkā* according-to-abundance-of *raḥămêkā* *məḥēh* *pəšāʿāy*",
"grammar": {
"*ḥānnēnî*": "Qal imperative with 1st person singular suffix - be gracious to me",
"*ʾĕlōhîm*": "masculine plural noun (used as singular) - God",
"*ḥasdəkā*": "masculine singular noun with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your lovingkindness",
"*raḥămêkā*": "masculine plural noun with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your compassions",
"*məḥēh*": "Qal imperative masculine singular - blot out/wipe away",
"*pəšāʿāy*": "masculine plural noun with 1st person singular suffix - my transgressions"
},
"variants": {
"*ḥānnēnî*": "be gracious to me/have mercy on me/favor me",
"*ʾĕlōhîm*": "God/gods/divine beings (plural form used for singular deity)",
"*ḥasdəkā*": "your lovingkindness/steadfast love/covenant faithfulness",
"*raḥămêkā*": "your compassions/mercies/tender feelings",
"*məḥēh*": "blot out/wipe away/erase",
"*pəšāʿāy*": "my transgressions/rebellions/crimes"
}
}
4 {
"verseID": "Psalms.51.4",
"source": "*הרבה **הֶ֭רֶב כַּבְּסֵ֣נִי מֵעֲוֺנִ֑י וּֽמֵחַטָּאתִ֥י טַהֲרֵֽנִי׃",
"text": "*hereb* *kabbəsēnî* from-*ʿăwōnî* and-from-*ḥaṭṭāʾtî* *ṭahărēnî*",
"grammar": {
"*hereb*": "Hiphil imperative masculine singular - multiply/increase/do abundantly",
"*kabbəsēnî*": "Piel imperative with 1st person singular suffix - wash me thoroughly",
"*ʿăwōnî*": "masculine singular noun with 1st person singular suffix and prefixed min (from) - my iniquity",
"*ḥaṭṭāʾtî*": "feminine singular noun with 1st person singular suffix and prefixed min (from) - my sin",
"*ṭahărēnî*": "Piel imperative with 1st person singular suffix - cleanse me"
},
"variants": {
"*hereb*": "multiply/increase/do abundantly/thoroughly",
"*kabbəsēnî*": "wash me thoroughly/cleanse me completely",
"*ʿăwōnî*": "my iniquity/guilt/punishment",
"*ḥaṭṭāʾtî*": "my sin/offense/failure",
"*ṭahărēnî*": "cleanse me/purify me/make me clean"
}
}
5 {
"verseID": "Psalms.51.5",
"source": "כִּֽי־פְ֭שָׁעַי אֲנִ֣י אֵדָ֑ע וְחַטָּאתִ֖י נֶגְדִּ֣י תָמִֽיד׃",
"text": "For-*pəšāʿay* *ʾănî* *ʾēdāʿ* and-*ḥaṭṭāʾtî* *negdî* *tāmîd*",
"grammar": {
"*pəšāʿay*": "masculine plural noun with 1st person singular suffix - my transgressions",
"*ʾănî*": "1st person singular personal pronoun - I",
"*ʾēdāʿ*": "Qal imperfect 1st person singular - I know",
"*ḥaṭṭāʾtî*": "feminine singular noun with 1st person singular suffix - my sin",
"*negdî*": "preposition with 1st person singular suffix - before me/opposite me",
"*tāmîd*": "adverb - continually/always"
},
"variants": {
"*pəšāʿay*": "my transgressions/rebellions/crimes",
"*ʾēdāʿ*": "I know/recognize/acknowledge",
"*ḥaṭṭāʾtî*": "my sin/offense/failure",
"*negdî*": "before me/opposite me/in front of me",
"*tāmîd*": "continually/always/constantly"
}
}
6 {
"verseID": "Psalms.51.6",
"source": "לְךָ֤ לְבַדְּךָ֨ ׀ חָטָאתִי֮ וְהָרַ֥ע בְּעֵינֶ֗יךָ עָ֫שִׂ֥יתִי לְ֭מַעַן תִּצְדַּ֥ק בְּדָבְרֶ֗ךָ תִּזְכֶּ֥ה בְשָׁפְטֶֽךָ׃",
"text": "To-you to-*baddəkā* *ḥāṭāʾtî* and-the-*rāʿ* in-*ʿênêkā* *ʿāśîtî* so-that *tiṣdaq* in-*dābrəkā* *tizkeh* in-*šāpṭekā*",
"grammar": {
"*baddəkā*": "noun with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your separation/aloneness",
"*ḥāṭāʾtî*": "Qal perfect 1st person singular - I sinned",
"*rāʿ*": "adjective with definite article - the evil",
"*ʿênêkā*": "feminine dual noun with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your eyes",
"*ʿāśîtî*": "Qal perfect 1st person singular - I did/made",
"*tiṣdaq*": "Qal imperfect 2nd person masculine singular - you will be righteous",
"*dābrəkā*": "masculine singular noun with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your word",
"*tizkeh*": "Qal imperfect 2nd person masculine singular - you will be pure/clear",
"*šāpṭekā*": "Qal infinitive construct with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your judging"
},
"variants": {
"*baddəkā*": "your aloneness/separation/isolation/only you",
"*ḥāṭāʾtî*": "I sinned/offended/missed the mark",
"*rāʿ*": "evil/bad/harmful/wrong",
"*ʿênêkā*": "your eyes/sight/presence",
"*ʿāśîtî*": "I did/made/performed/accomplished",
"*tiṣdaq*": "you will be righteous/justified/vindicated",
"*dābrəkā*": "your word/speech/utterance",
"*tizkeh*": "you will be pure/clear/justified/innocent",
"*šāpṭekā*": "your judging/when you judge"
}
}
7 {
"verseID": "Psalms.51.7",
"source": "הֵן־בְּעָו֥וֹן חוֹלָ֑לְתִּי וּ֝בְחֵ֗טְא יֶֽחֱמַ֥תְנִי אִמִּֽי׃",
"text": "Behold-in-*ʿāwôn* *ḥôlāltî* and-in-*ḥēṭ* *yeḥĕmatnî* *ʾimmî*",
"grammar": {
"*ʿāwôn*": "masculine singular noun - iniquity",
"*ḥôlāltî*": "Polal perfect 1st person singular - I was brought forth/born",
"*ḥēṭ*": "masculine singular noun - sin",
"*yeḥĕmatnî*": "Piel perfect 3rd person feminine singular with 1st person singular suffix - she conceived me",
"*ʾimmî*": "feminine singular noun with 1st person singular suffix - my mother"
},
"variants": {
"*ʿāwôn*": "iniquity/guilt/punishment",
"*ḥôlāltî*": "I was brought forth/born/formed",
"*ḥēṭ*": "sin/offense/fault",
"*yeḥĕmatnî*": "she conceived me/was warm with me/became pregnant with me",
"*ʾimmî*": "my mother"
}
}
8 {
"verseID": "Psalms.51.8",
"source": "הֵן־אֱ֭מֶת חָפַ֣צְתָּ בַטֻּח֑וֹת וּ֝בְסָתֻ֗ם חָכְמָ֥ה תוֹדִיעֵֽנִי׃",
"text": "Behold-*ʾĕmet* *ḥāpaṣtā* in-the-*ṭuḥôt* and-in-*sātum* *ḥokmâ* *tôdîʿēnî*",
"grammar": {
"*ʾĕmet*": "feminine singular noun - truth",
"*ḥāpaṣtā*": "Qal perfect 2nd person masculine singular - you desired",
"*ṭuḥôt*": "feminine plural noun - inward parts",
"*sātum*": "Qal passive participle masculine singular - hidden/covered thing",
"*ḥokmâ*": "feminine singular noun - wisdom",
"*tôdîʿēnî*": "Hiphil imperfect 2nd person masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix - you will make me know"
},
"variants": {
"*ʾĕmet*": "truth/faithfulness/firmness",
"*ḥāpaṣtā*": "you desired/delighted in/pleased with",
"*ṭuḥôt*": "inward parts/covered parts/kidneys/inner being",
"*sātum*": "hidden/concealed/covered thing",
"*ḥokmâ*": "wisdom/skill/experience",
"*tôdîʿēnî*": "you will make me know/teach me/inform me"
}
}
9 {
"verseID": "Psalms.51.9",
"source": "תְּחַטְּאֵ֣נִי בְאֵז֣וֹב וְאֶטְהָ֑ר תְּ֝כַבְּסֵ֗נִי וּמִשֶּׁ֥לֶג אַלְבִּֽין׃",
"text": "*təḥaṭṭəʾēnî* with-*ʾēzôb* and-*ʾeṭhār* *təkabbəsēnî* and-than-*šeleg* *ʾalbîn*",
"grammar": {
"*təḥaṭṭəʾēnî*": "Piel imperfect 2nd person masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix - you will purge me",
"*ʾēzôb*": "masculine singular noun - hyssop",
"*ʾeṭhār*": "Qal imperfect 1st person singular - I will be clean",
"*təkabbəsēnî*": "Piel imperfect 2nd person masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix - you will wash me",
"*šeleg*": "masculine singular noun - snow",
"*ʾalbîn*": "Hiphil imperfect 1st person singular - I will be white"
},
"variants": {
"*təḥaṭṭəʾēnî*": "you will purge me/cleanse me from sin/decontaminate me",
"*ʾēzôb*": "hyssop (plant used in purification rituals)",
"*ʾeṭhār*": "I will be clean/pure/uncontaminated",
"*təkabbəsēnî*": "you will wash me/cleanse me thoroughly",
"*šeleg*": "snow",
"*ʾalbîn*": "I will be white/become white/be clean"
}
}