Isaiah 24:5

KJV1611 – Modern English

The earth also is defiled under its inhabitants because they have transgressed the laws, changed the ordinance, broken the everlasting covenant.

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

וְהָאָ֥רֶץ חָנְפָ֖ה תַּ֣חַת יֹשְׁבֶ֑יהָ כִּֽי־עָבְר֤וּ תוֹרֹת֙ חָ֣לְפוּ חֹ֔ק הֵפֵ֖רוּ בְּרִ֥ית עוֹלָֽם׃

Transliteration

And-the-ʾāreṣ ḥānəpāh taḥat yōšəbehā kî-ʿābərû tôrōt ḥāləpû ḥōq hēpērû bərît ʿôlām

Grammar Details

• *ʾāreṣ*: common noun, feminine singular with definite article - the earth/land
• *ḥānəpāh*: Qal perfect, 3rd person feminine singular - is polluted/defiled
• *taḥat*: preposition - under/beneath
• *yōšəbehā*: Qal participle, masculine plural construct with 3rd person feminine singular suffix - its inhabitants
• *kî*: conjunction - for/because
• *ʿābərû*: Qal perfect, 3rd person common plural - they have transgressed
• *tôrōt*: common noun, feminine plural - laws/teachings/instructions
• *ḥāləpû*: Qal perfect, 3rd person common plural - they have violated/changed
• *ḥōq*: common noun, masculine singular - statute/decree/ordinance
• *hēpērû*: Hiphil perfect, 3rd person common plural - they have broken
• *bərît*: common noun, feminine singular construct - covenant of
• *ʿôlām*: common noun, masculine singular - everlasting/perpetuity

Word Meanings

• *ḥānəpāh*: is polluted/is defiled/is profaned
• *taḥat*: under/beneath/because of
• *ʿābərû*: have transgressed/have violated/have passed over
• *tôrōt*: laws/teachings/instructions
• *ḥāləpû*: have violated/have changed/have altered
• *ḥōq*: statute/decree/ordinance/boundary
• *hēpērû*: have broken/have annulled/have made void
• *bərît ʿôlām*: everlasting covenant/eternal agreement/perpetual treaty

Other Translations

• Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts

  The earth is defiled by its inhabitants, for they have transgressed laws, violated statutes, and broken the everlasting covenant.

• King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)

  The earth also is defiled under the inhabitants thereof; because they have transgressed the laws, changed the ordinance, broken the everlasting covenant.

• American Standard Version with Strong's Numbers

  The earth{H776} also is polluted{H2610} under the inhabitants{H3427} thereof; because they have transgressed{H5674} the laws,{H8451} violated{H2498} the statutes,{H2706} broken{H6565} the everlasting{H5769} covenant.{H1285}

• King James Version with Strong's Numbers

  The earth{H776} also is defiled{H2610}{(H8804)} under the inhabitants{H3427}{(H8802)} thereof; because they have transgressed{H5674}{(H8804)} the laws{H8451}, changed{H2498}{(H8804)} the ordinance{H2706}, broken{H6565}{(H8689)} the everlasting{H5769} covenant{H1285}.

• Coverdale Bible (1535)

  For ye earth is corrupte of hir indwellers. For why they haue offended ye lawe, chaunged the ordinauces, and made the euerlastinge testamet of none effecte,

• Geneva Bible (1560)

  The earth also deceiueth, because of the inhabitantes thereof: for they transgressed the lawes: they changed the ordinances, and brake the euerlasting couenant.

• Bishops' Bible (1568)

  The earth also is become vnprofitable vnder the inhabitours therof, which haue transgressed the lawes, chaunged the ordinaunce, broken the euerlastyng couenaunt.

• Authorized King James Version (1611)

  The earth also is defiled under the inhabitants thereof; because they have transgressed the laws, changed the ordinance, broken the everlasting covenant.

• Webster's Bible (1833)

  The earth also is polluted under the inhabitants of it; because they have transgressed the laws, violated the statutes, broken the everlasting covenant.

• Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

  And the land hath been defiled under its inhabitants, Because they have transgressed laws, They have changed a statute, They have made void a covenant age-during.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  The earth also is polluted under the inhabitants thereof; because they have transgressed the laws, violated the statutes, broken the everlasting covenant.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  The earth also is polluted under the inhabitants thereof; because they have transgressed the laws, violated the statutes, broken the everlasting covenant.

• Bible in Basic English (1941)

  The earth has been made unclean by those living in it; because the laws have not been kept by them, the orders have been changed, and the eternal agreement has been broken.

• World English Bible (2000)

  The earth also is polluted under its inhabitants, because they have transgressed the laws, violated the statutes, and broken the everlasting covenant.

• NET Bible® (New English Translation)

  The earth is defiled by its inhabitants, for they have violated laws, disregarded the regulation, and broken the permanent treaty.

Referenced Verses

• Num 35:33-34 : 33 So you shall not pollute the land where you are: for blood defiles the land: and the land cannot be cleansed of the blood that is shed in it, but by the blood of him who shed it. 34 Therefore do not defile the land which you shall inhabit, where I dwell: for I the LORD dwell among the children of Israel.
• Dan 7:25 : 25 And he shall speak great words against the Most High and shall wear out the saints of the Most High, and think to change times and laws; and they shall be given into his hand until a time and times and half a time.
• Rom 8:20-21 : 20 For the creation was subjected to futility, not willingly, but because of Him who subjected it in hope. 21 Because the creation itself also will be delivered from the bondage of corruption into the glorious liberty of the children of God.
• Heb 9:1 : 1 Then truly the first covenant also had ordinances of divine service and a worldly sanctuary.
• Heb 13:20 : 20 Now may the God of peace, who brought up our Lord Jesus from the dead, that great Shepherd of the sheep, through the blood of the everlasting covenant,
• Dan 9:5 : 5 We have sinned and committed iniquity, and have done wickedly, and have rebelled, even by departing from Your precepts and from Your judgments:
• Dan 9:10 : 10 Neither have we obeyed the voice of the LORD our God, to walk in His laws, which He set before us by His servants the prophets.
• Mic 2:10 : 10 Arise and depart, for this is not your rest; because it is polluted, it shall destroy you, even with a severe destruction.
• Mark 7:7-9 : 7 However, in vain do they worship me, teaching as doctrines the commandments of men. 8 For laying aside the commandment of God, you hold the tradition of men, such as the washing of pots and cups; and many other similar things you do. 9 And he said to them, You completely reject the commandment of God, that you may keep your own tradition.
• Luke 1:6 : 6 They were both righteous before God, walking in all the commandments and ordinances of the Lord blameless.
• Gen 3:17-18 : 17 Then to Adam He said, Because you have heeded the voice of your wife, and have eaten from the tree of which I commanded you, saying, You shall not eat of it: cursed is the ground for your sake; in toil you shall eat of it all the days of your life; 18 Both thorns and thistles it shall bring forth for you; and you shall eat the herb of the field;
• Gen 6:11-13 : 11 The earth also was corrupt before God, and the earth was filled with violence. 12 And God looked upon the earth, and indeed it was corrupt; for all flesh had corrupted their way on the earth. 13 And God said to Noah, The end of all flesh has come before Me, for the earth is filled with violence through them; and behold, I will destroy them with the earth.
• Gen 17:13-14 : 13 He who is born in your house and he who is bought with your money must be circumcised, and my covenant shall be in your flesh for an everlasting covenant. 14 And the uncircumcised male child whose flesh of his foreskin is not circumcised, that person shall be cut off from his people; he has broken my covenant.
• Lev 18:24-28 : 24 Do not defile yourselves in any of these things: for in all these the nations are defiled, which I cast out before you. 25 And the land is defiled: therefore I visit the iniquity upon it, and the land itself vomits out its inhabitants. 26 You shall therefore keep my statutes and my judgments, and shall not commit any of these abominations; neither any of your own nation, nor any stranger who sojourns among you: 27 For all these abominations have the men of the land done, who were before you, and the land is defiled; 28 That the land not spew you out also, when you defile it, as it spewed out the nations that were before you.
• Lev 20:22 : 22 You shall therefore keep all my statutes and all my judgments, and do them: that the land where I bring you to dwell does not vomit you out.
• Deut 32:15 : 15 But Jeshurun grew fat, and kicked: you have grown fat, you have grown thick, you are covered with fatness; then he forsook God who made him, and lightly esteemed the Rock of his salvation.
• Deut 32:20 : 20 And he said, I will hide my face from them, I will see what their end shall be: for they are a very perverse generation, children in whom there is no faith.
• Josh 24:25 : 25 So Joshua made a covenant with the people that day, and set them a statute and an ordinance in Shechem.
• 2 Sam 23:5 : 5 Although my house is not so with God; yet He has made with me an everlasting covenant, ordered in all things, and sure: for this is all my salvation, and all my desire, although He does not make it grow.
• 2 Kgs 17:7-9 : 7 For so it was, that the children of Israel had sinned against the LORD their God, who had brought them up out of the land of Egypt, from under the hand of Pharaoh king of Egypt, and had feared other gods. 8 And they walked in the statutes of the nations whom the LORD had cast out from before the children of Israel, and of the kings of Israel, which they had made. 9 The children of Israel secretly did things that were not right against the LORD their God, and they built for themselves high places in all their cities, from the watchtower to the fortified city. 10 They set up images and groves on every high hill and under every green tree. 11 There they burned incense on all the high places, as the nations had done whom the LORD carried away before them; and they did wicked things to provoke the LORD to anger. 12 For they served idols, of which the LORD had said to them, You shall not do this thing. 13 Yet the LORD testified against Israel and against Judah, by all the prophets and by all the seers, saying, Turn from your evil ways, and keep my commandments and my statutes, according to all the law which I commanded your fathers, and which I sent to you by my servants the prophets. 14 Nevertheless they would not listen, but stiffened their necks, like their fathers, who did not believe in the LORD their God. 15 They rejected his statutes and his covenant that he made with their fathers, and his testimonies which he testified against them; they followed worthless idols, and became worthless themselves, and went after the nations that were around them, although the LORD had commanded them not to do like them. 16 They left all the commandments of the LORD their God, made for themselves cast images, even two calves, made a grove, and worshipped all the host of heaven, and served Baal. 17 They caused their sons and daughters to pass through the fire, practiced divination and enchantments, and sold themselves to do evil in the sight of the LORD, to provoke him to anger. 18 Therefore the LORD was very angry with Israel and removed them from his sight; there was none left but the tribe of Judah only. 19 Also Judah did not keep the commandments of the LORD their God, but walked in the statutes of Israel which they had made. 20 So the LORD rejected all the descendants of Israel, afflicted them, and gave them into the hand of plunderers, until he had cast them out of his sight. 21 For he ripped Israel from the house of David; they made Jeroboam the son of Nebat king, and Jeroboam drove Israel from following the LORD, and made them commit a great sin. 22 The children of Israel walked in all the sins of Jeroboam which he did; they did not depart from them, 23 until the LORD removed Israel out of his sight, as he had said by all his servants the prophets. So Israel was carried away from their own land to Assyria, as it is to this day.
• 2 Kgs 22:13-17 : 13 Go, inquire of the LORD for me, and for the people, and for all Judah, concerning the words of this book that is found: for great is the wrath of the LORD that is kindled against us, because our fathers have not heeded the words of this book, to do according to all that is written concerning us. 14 So Hilkiah the priest, and Ahikam, and Achbor, and Shaphan, and Asahiah, went to Huldah the prophetess, the wife of Shallum the son of Tikvah, the son of Harhas, keeper of the wardrobe; (now she dwelt in Jerusalem in the college;) and they communed with her. 15 And she said to them, Thus says the LORD God of Israel, Tell the man that sent you to me, 16 Thus says the LORD, Behold, I will bring evil upon this place, and upon its inhabitants, all the words of the book which the king of Judah has read: 17 Because they have forsaken me, and have burned incense to other gods, that they might provoke me to anger with all the works of their hands; therefore my wrath shall be kindled against this place, and shall not be quenched.
• 2 Kgs 23:26-27 : 26 Nevertheless, the LORD did not turn from the fierceness of His great wrath, with which His anger was kindled against Judah, because of all the provocations with which Manasseh had provoked Him. 27 And the LORD said, I will also remove Judah out of my sight, as I have removed Israel, and will cast off this city Jerusalem which I have chosen, and the house of which I said, My name shall be there.
• 2 Chr 33:9 : 9 So Manasseh led Judah and the inhabitants of Jerusalem astray, to do worse than the nations whom the LORD had destroyed before the children of Israel.
• Ezra 9:6-7 : 6 And said, O my God, I am ashamed and blush to lift up my face to You, my God, for our iniquities are increased over our head, and our trespass has grown up to the heavens. 7 Since the days of our fathers we have been in a great trespass to this day; and because of our iniquities, we, our kings, and our priests, have been delivered into the hand of the kings of the lands, to the sword, to captivity, to spoil, and to confusion of face, as it is this day.
• Ps 55:5 : 5 Fearfulness and trembling have come upon me, and horror has overwhelmed me.
• Ps 105:10 : 10 And confirmed the same to Jacob for a law, and to Israel for an everlasting covenant:
• Ps 106:36-39 : 36 And they served their idols, which were a snare to them. 37 Yes, they sacrificed their sons and their daughters to demons, 38 And shed innocent blood, even the blood of their sons and daughters, whom they sacrificed to the idols of Canaan; and the land was polluted with blood. 39 Thus they were defiled with their own works, and played the harlot with their own inventions.
• Isa 1:2-5 : 2 Hear, O heavens, and listen, O earth: for the LORD has spoken, I have nourished and brought up children, and they have rebelled against me. 3 The ox knows its owner, and the donkey its master's crib: but Israel does not know, my people do not consider. 4 Ah sinful nation, a people laden with iniquity, a seed of evildoers, children who are corrupters: they have forsaken the LORD, they have provoked the Holy One of Israel to anger, they have gone away backward. 5 Why should you be stricken any more? you will revolt more and more: the whole head is sick, and the whole heart faint.
• Isa 10:6 : 6 I will send him against a hypocritical nation, and against the people of my wrath will I give him a charge, to take the spoil and to take the prey, and to tread them down like the mire of the streets.
• Isa 50:1 : 1 Thus says the LORD, Where is the certificate of your mother's divorce, whom I have put away? Or which of my creditors is it to whom I have sold you? Behold, for your iniquities you have sold yourselves, and for your transgressions your mother is put away.
• Isa 59:1-3 : 1 Behold, the Lord's hand is not shortened, that it cannot save; nor his ear dull, that it cannot hear: 2 But your iniquities have separated you from your God, and your sins have hidden his face from you, so that he will not hear. 3 For your hands are stained with blood, and your fingers with iniquity; your lips have spoken lies, your tongue has muttered perverseness.
• Isa 59:12-15 : 12 For our transgressions are multiplied before you, and our sins testify against us: for our transgressions are with us; and as for our iniquities, we know them; 13 In transgressing and lying against the Lord, and departing from our God, speaking oppression and revolt, conceiving and uttering from the heart words of falsehood. 14 And judgment is turned backward, and justice stands far off: for truth has fallen in the street, and equity cannot enter. 15 Yes, truth fails; and he who departs from evil makes himself a prey: and the Lord saw it, and it displeased him that there was no judgment.
• Jer 3:1-2 : 1 They say, If a man divorces his wife, and she leaves him and becomes another man's wife, shall he return to her again? Would not that land be greatly defiled? But you have played the harlot with many lovers; yet return again to me, says the LORD. 2 Lift up your eyes to the high places and see where you have not been violated. On the roads you have sat for them, like an Arabian in the wilderness; and you have polluted the land with your whoredoms and your wickedness.
• Jer 50:5 : 5 They shall ask the way to Zion with their faces toward it, saying, Come and let us join ourselves to the LORD in an everlasting covenant that shall not be forgotten.
• Ezek 7:20-24 : 20 As for the beauty of his ornaments, he set it in majesty; but they made the images of their abominations and of their detestable things therein; therefore, have I set it far from them. 21 And I will give it into the hands of strangers for a prey, and to the wicked of the earth for a spoil; and they shall pollute it. 22 I will also turn my face from them, and they shall pollute my secret place; for the robbers shall enter into it and defile it. 23 Make a chain, for the land is full of bloody crimes and the city is full of violence. 24 Therefore I will bring the worst of the heathen, and they shall possess their houses; I will also make the pomp of the strong to cease, and their holy places shall be defiled.
• Ezek 20:13 : 13 But the house of Israel rebelled against me in the wilderness: they did not walk in my statutes, and they despised my judgments, which if a man does, he shall even live in them; and they greatly polluted my sabbaths: then I said, I would pour out my fury upon them in the wilderness, to consume them.
• Ezek 20:24 : 24 Because they had not executed my judgments, but had despised my statutes, and had polluted my sabbaths, and their eyes were after their fathers' idols.
• Ezek 22:24-31 : 24 Son of man, say to her, You are the land that is not cleansed, nor rained upon in the day of indignation. 25 There is a conspiracy of her prophets in its midst, like a roaring lion ravening the prey; they have devoured souls; they have taken treasure and precious things; they have made her many widows in its midst. 26 Her priests have violated My law, and have profaned My holy things: they have put no difference between the holy and unholy, neither have they shown difference between the unclean and the clean, and have hidden their eyes from My sabbaths, and I am profaned among them. 27 Her princes in its midst are like wolves ravening the prey, to shed blood, and to destroy souls, to get dishonest gain. 28 And her prophets have daubed them with untempered mortar, seeing false visions, and divining lies to them, saying, Thus says the Lord GOD, when the LORD has not spoken. 29 The people of the land have used oppression, and committed robbery, and have wronged the poor and needy: yes, they have oppressed the stranger wrongfully. 30 And I sought for a man among them, that should make up the hedge, and stand in the gap before Me for the land, that I should not destroy it: but I found none. 31 Therefore have I poured out My indignation upon them; I have consumed them with the fire of My wrath: their own way have I recompensed upon their heads, says the Lord GOD.
• Ezek 37:26 : 26 Moreover, I will make a covenant of peace with them; it shall be an everlasting covenant with them: and I will place them, and multiply them, and will set my sanctuary in the midst of them forevermore.