Nehemiah 10:31

KJV1611 – Modern English

And if the people of the land bring goods or any food on the Sabbath day to sell, that we would not buy it from them on the Sabbath, or on the holy day: and that we would forgo the seventh year and the exaction of every debt.

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

וַאֲשֶׁ֛ר לֹא־נִתֵּ֥ן בְּנֹתֵ֖ינוּ לְעַמֵּ֣י הָאָ֑רֶץ וְאֶת־בְּנֹ֣תֵיהֶ֔ם לֹ֥א נִקַּ֖ח לְבָנֵֽינוּ׃

Transliteration

And that waʾăšer not nittēn our bənōtênû to the ləʿammê hāʾāreṣ, and their bənôtêhem not niqqaḥ for our ləbānênû.

Grammar Details

• *waʾăšer*: conjunction + relative particle - and that
• *nittēn*: Qal imperfect 1st person plural - we will give
• *bənōtênû*: noun feminine plural + 1st person plural suffix - our daughters
• *ləʿammê*: preposition + noun masculine plural construct - to the peoples of
• *hāʾāreṣ*: definite article + noun feminine singular - the land
• *bənôtêhem*: noun feminine plural + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their daughters
• *niqqaḥ*: Qal imperfect 1st person plural - we will take
• *ləbānênû*: preposition + noun masculine plural + 1st person plural suffix - for our sons

Word Meanings

• *ʿammê hāʾāreṣ*: peoples of the land/non-Israelite inhabitants

Other Translations

• Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts

  They pledged not to give their daughters in marriage to the peoples of the land or to take their daughters for their sons.

• King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)

  And if the people of the land bring ware or any victuals on the sabbath day to sell, that we would not buy it of them on the sabbath, or on the holy day: and that we would leave the seventh year, and the exaction of every debt.

• American Standard Version with Strong's Numbers

  and if the peoples{H5971} of the land{H776} bring{H935} wares{H4728} or any grain{H7668} on the sabbath{H7676} day{H3117} to sell,{H4376} that we would not buy{H3947} of them on the sabbath,{H7676} or on a holy{H6944} day;{H3117} and that we would forego{H5203} the seventh{H7637} year,{H8141} and the exaction{H4853} of every debt.{H3027}

• King James Version with Strong's Numbers

  And if the people{H5971} of the land{H776} bring{H935}{(H8688)} ware{H4728} or any victuals{H7668} on the sabbath{H7676} day{H3117} to sell{H4376}{(H8800)}, that we would not buy{H3947}{(H8799)} it of them on the sabbath{H7676}, or on the holy{H6944} day{H3117}: and that we would leave{H5203}{(H8799)} the seventh{H7637} year{H8141}, and the exaction{H4853} of every debt{H3027}.

• Coverdale Bible (1535)

  And yf ye people of the lode broughte ware on the Sabbath, and all maner of vytayles to sell, that we wolde not take it of them on the Sabbath and on the holy dayes. And that we wolde let the seueth yeare be fre concernynge all maner of charge.

• Geneva Bible (1560)

  And if the people of the lande brought ware on the Sabbath, or any vitailes to sell, that we would not take it of them on the Sabbath and on the holy dayes: and that we would let the seuenth yeere be free, and the debtes of euery person.

• Bishops' Bible (1568)

  And if the people of the land brought ware on the Sabbath, and all maner vitailes to sell, that we would not take it of them on the Sabbath and on the holy dayes, and that we would let the seuenth yere be free, and the debtes of euery person.

• Authorized King James Version (1611)

  And [if] the people of the land bring ware or any victuals on the sabbath day to sell, [that] we would not buy it of them on the sabbath, or on the holy day: and [that] we would leave the seventh year, and the exaction of every debt.

• Webster's Bible (1833)

  and if the peoples of the land bring wares or any grain on the Sabbath day to sell, that we would not buy of them on the Sabbath, or on a holy day; and that we would forego the seventh year, and the exaction of every debt.

• Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

  and the peoples of the land who are bringing in the wares and any corn on the sabbath-day to sell, we receive not of them on the sabbath, and on a holy day, and we leave the seventh year, and usury on every hand.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  and if the peoples of the land bring wares or any grain on the sabbath day to sell, that we would not buy of them on the sabbath, or on a holy day; and that we would forego the seventh year, and the exaction of every debt.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  and if the peoples of the land bring wares or any grain on the sabbath day to sell, that we would not buy of them on the sabbath, or on a holy day; and that we would forego the seventh year, and the exaction of every debt.

• Bible in Basic English (1941)

  And if the peoples of the lands come to do trade in goods or food on the Sabbath day, that we would do no trade with them on the Sabbath or on a holy day: and that in the seventh year we would take no payment from any debtor.

• World English Bible (2000)

  and if the peoples of the land bring wares or any grain on the Sabbath day to sell, that we would not buy of them on the Sabbath, or on a holy day; and that we would forego the seventh year, and the exaction of every debt.

• NET Bible® (New English Translation)

  We will not buy on the Sabbath or on a holy day from the neighboring peoples who bring their wares and all kinds of grain to sell on the Sabbath day. We will let the fields lie fallow every seventh year, and we will cancel every loan.

Referenced Verses

• Neh 13:15-22 : 15 In those days I saw people in Judah treading wine presses on the Sabbath, bringing in sheaves, and loading donkeys, as well as bringing in wine, grapes, figs, and all kinds of burdens into Jerusalem on the Sabbath day. And I warned them on the day they sold provisions. 16 Men of Tyre also lived there, who brought in fish and all kinds of goods, and sold them on the Sabbath to the children of Judah and in Jerusalem. 17 Then I contended with the nobles of Judah, and said to them, What evil thing is this that you are doing, profaning the Sabbath day? 18 Did not your fathers do this, and did not our God bring all this disaster on us and on this city? Yet you bring added wrath on Israel by profaning the Sabbath. 19 So it was, at the gates of Jerusalem as it began to be dark before the Sabbath, that I commanded the gates to be shut, and charged that they should not be opened till after the Sabbath. Then I stationed some of my servants at the gates, so that no burdens would be brought in on the Sabbath day. 20 Now the merchants and sellers of all kinds of goods spent the night outside Jerusalem once or twice. 21 Then I warned them, and said to them, Why do you spend the night around the wall? If you do so again, I will lay hands on you. From that time on they came no more on the Sabbath. 22 And I commanded the Levites that they should cleanse themselves, and come and guard the gates, to sanctify the Sabbath day. Remember me, O my God, concerning this also, and spare me according to the greatness of Your mercy.
• Exod 23:10-11 : 10 Six years you shall sow your land and gather in its produce, 11 but in the seventh year you shall let it rest and lie fallow, that the poor of your people may eat; and what they leave, the beasts of the field shall eat. In like manner you shall do with your vineyard and your olive grove.
• Exod 20:10 : 10 but the seventh day is the Sabbath of the LORD your God. In it you shall do no work: you, nor your son, nor your daughter, your male servant, nor your female servant, nor your cattle, nor the stranger who is within your gates.
• Lev 23:3 : 3 Six days shall work be done, but the seventh day is the sabbath of rest, a holy gathering; you shall do no work in it; it is the sabbath of the LORD in all your dwellings.
• Lev 23:21 : 21 And you shall proclaim on the same day that it may be a holy gathering to you; you shall do no servile work in it; it shall be a statute forever in all your dwellings throughout your generations.
• Lev 23:35-36 : 35 On the first day there shall be a holy gathering; you shall do no servile work in it. 36 Seven days you shall offer an offering made by fire to the LORD; on the eighth day there shall be a holy gathering to you, and you shall offer an offering made by fire to the LORD; it is a solemn assembly, and you shall do no servile work in it.
• Lev 25:1-7 : 1 And the LORD spoke to Moses on Mount Sinai, saying, 2 Speak to the children of Israel, and say to them, When you come into the land which I give you, then shall the land keep a sabbath to the LORD. 3 Six years you shall sow your field, and six years you shall prune your vineyard, and gather in its fruits; 4 But in the seventh year shall be a sabbath of rest to the land, a sabbath for the LORD: you shall neither sow your field, nor prune your vineyard. 5 What grows of its own accord of your harvest you shall not reap, nor gather the grapes of your undressed vine: for it is a year of rest to the land. 6 And the sabbath of the land shall provide food for you; for you, and for your servant, and for your maid, and for your hired servant, and for the stranger who dwells with you, 7 And for your cattle, and for the beasts that are in your land, shall all its increase be for food.
• Deut 5:12-14 : 12 Keep the sabbath day to sanctify it, as the LORD your God has commanded you. 13 Six days you shall labor, and do all your work: 14 But the seventh day is the sabbath of the LORD your God: in it you shall not do any work, you, nor your son, nor your daughter, nor your male servant, nor your female servant, nor your ox, nor your donkey, nor any of your cattle, nor your stranger who is within your gates; that your male servant and your female servant may rest as well as you.
• Deut 15:1-3 : 1 At the end of every seven years, you shall make a release. 2 And this is the manner of the release: Every creditor who lends anything to his neighbor shall release it; he shall not require it from his neighbor or his brother, because it is called the LORD'S release. 3 Of a foreigner, you may require it again, but what is yours with your brother your hand shall release;
• Deut 15:7-9 : 7 If there is among you a poor man of one of your brothers within any of your gates in your land which the LORD your God gives you, you shall not harden your heart nor shut your hand from your poor brother. 8 But you shall open your hand wide to him, and shall surely give him sufficient for his need, in what he wants. 9 Beware that there is not a wicked thought in your heart, saying, 'The seventh year, the year of release, is at hand,' and your eye be evil against your poor brother, and you give him nothing; and he cries to the LORD against you, and it be sin to you.
• 2 Chr 36:21 : 21 to fulfill the word of the LORD by the mouth of Jeremiah, until the land had enjoyed her sabbaths: for as long as she lay desolate, she kept sabbath, to fulfill seventy years.
• Neh 5:1-9 : 1 And there was a great outcry of the people and their wives against their fellow Jews. 2 For there were those who said, We, our sons, and our daughters are many: therefore we need to take grain for them, that we may eat and live. 3 Others said, We have mortgaged our lands, vineyards, and houses to buy grain because of the famine. 4 There were also those who said, We have borrowed money for the king's tax, against our lands and vineyards. 5 Yet now our flesh is as the flesh of our brethren, our children as their children: and indeed, we bring into bondage our sons and daughters to be servants, and some of our daughters are already in bondage; nor is it in our power to redeem them, for other men have our lands and vineyards. 6 And I was very angry when I heard their cry and these words. 7 Then I consulted with myself and rebuked the nobles and rulers, and said to them, You are charging interest, each one from his brother. And I called a great assembly against them. 8 And I said to them, According to our ability, we have redeemed our fellow Jews who were sold to the nations; and will you even sell your brethren, or should they be sold to us? Then they were silent and found nothing to answer. 9 Also I said, What you are doing is not good. Should you not walk in the fear of our God because of the reproach of the nations, our enemies? 10 I likewise, and my brethren and my servants, could demand money and grain from them. I pray you, let us stop this interest. 11 Restore to them, I pray you, even this day, their lands, their vineyards, their olive groves, and their houses, also the hundredth part of the money, the grain, the new wine, and the olive oil, that you are charging them. 12 Then they said, We will restore them, and will require nothing from them; we will do as you say. Then I called the priests and required an oath from them that they would do according to this promise. 13 I also shook out the fold of my garment and said, So may God shake out every man from his house and from his labor who does not keep this promise. Even so may he be shaken out and emptied. And all the assembly said, Amen, and praised the LORD. And the people did according to this promise.
• Isa 58:6 : 6 Is this not the fast that I have chosen: to loose the bonds of wickedness, to undo the heavy burdens, and to let the oppressed go free, and that you break every yoke?
• Isa 58:13-14 : 13 If you turn away your foot from the Sabbath, from doing your pleasure on my holy day; and call the Sabbath a delight, the holy day of the LORD, honorable; and shall honor him, not doing your own ways, nor finding your own pleasure, nor speaking your own words: 14 Then you shall delight yourself in the LORD; and I will cause you to ride on the high places of the earth, and feed you with the heritage of Jacob your father: for the mouth of the LORD has spoken it.
• Jer 17:21-22 : 21 Thus says the LORD; Take heed to yourselves, and bear no burden on the sabbath day, nor bring it in by the gates of Jerusalem; 22 Neither carry forth a burden out of your houses on the sabbath day, neither do any work, but hallow the sabbath day, as I commanded your fathers.
• Matt 6:12 : 12 And forgive us our debts, as we forgive our debtors.
• Matt 18:27-35 : 27 Then the lord of that servant was moved with compassion, released him, and forgave him the debt. 28 But that same servant went out and found one of his fellow servants who owed him a hundred pence; and he laid hands on him and took him by the throat, saying, Pay me what you owe. 29 And his fellow servant fell down at his feet, and begged him, saying, Have patience with me, and I will pay you all. 30 And he would not, but went and threw him into prison till he should pay the debt. 31 So when his fellow servants saw what had been done, they were very sorry, and came and told their lord all that had been done. 32 Then his lord, after he had called him, said to him, O wicked servant, I forgave you all that debt because you begged me. 33 Should you not also have had compassion on your fellow servant, just as I had pity on you? 34 And his lord was angry, and delivered him to the torturers until he should pay all that was due to him. 35 So also shall my heavenly Father do to you, if you do not forgive from your hearts every one his brother their trespasses.
• Col 2:16 : 16 Let no one therefore judge you in food or in drink, or regarding a holyday, or of the new moon, or of the sabbath days;
• Jas 2:13 : 13 For judgment is without mercy to the one who has shown no mercy; mercy triumphs over judgment.
• Exod 12:16 : 16 And on the first day there shall be a holy assembly, and on the seventh day there shall be a holy assembly for you; no manner of work shall be done on them, except that which every man must eat, that only may be done by you.
• Lev 16:29 : 29 And this shall be a statute forever to you: that in the seventh month, on the tenth day of the month, you shall afflict your souls, and do no work at all, whether it be one of your own country, or a stranger who dwells among you: