Verse 21

{ "verseID": "Daniel.11.21", "source": "וְעָמַ֤ד עַל־כַּנּוֹ֙ נִבְזֶ֔ה וְלֹא־נָתְנ֥וּ עָלָ֖יו ה֣וֹד מַלְכ֑וּת וּבָ֣א בְשַׁלְוָ֔ה וְהֶחֱזִ֥יק מַלְכ֖וּת בַּחֲלַקְלַקּֽוֹת׃", "text": "*wə-ʿāmad* *ʿal-kannô* *nibzeh* *wə-lōʾ-nātnû* *ʿālāyw* *hôd* *malkût* *û-bāʾ* *bə-šalwāh* *wə-heḥĕzîq* *malkût* *ba-ḥălaqlaqqôt*", "grammar": { "*wə-ʿāmad*": "conjunction + perfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he will stand", "*ʿal-kannô*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - on his place/base", "*nibzeh*": "participle niphal, masculine singular - despised/contemptible one", "*wə-lōʾ-nātnû*": "conjunction + negative particle + perfect, 3rd common plural - and they did not give", "*ʿālāyw*": "preposition with 3rd masculine singular suffix - upon him", "*hôd*": "noun, masculine singular construct - splendor/majesty/honor of", "*malkût*": "noun, feminine singular - kingdom/royal power", "*û-bāʾ*": "conjunction + perfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he will come", "*bə-šalwāh*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular - in quietness/security/ease", "*wə-heḥĕzîq*": "conjunction + perfect hiphil, 3rd masculine singular - and he will seize/strengthen", "*malkût*": "noun, feminine singular - kingdom/royal power", "*ba-ḥălaqlaqqôt*": "preposition + noun, feminine plural - with flatteries/smoothness/slippery ways" }, "variants": { "*ʿāmad*": "stand/arise/take one's stand", "*kan*": "base/place/stand/position", "*nibzeh*": "despised/contemptible/vile/scorned", "*nātnû*": "they gave/they placed/they set", "*hôd*": "splendor/majesty/glory/honor", "*malkût*": "kingdom/royal power/reign/dominion", "*bāʾ*": "come/enter/arrive", "*šalwāh*": "quietness/security/prosperity/ease", "*heḥĕzîq*": "seize/strengthen/take hold of/grasp", "*ḥălaqlaqqôt*": "flatteries/smoothness/slippery ways/deception" } }

Other Translations

• GT, oversatt fra Hebraisk

  I stedet skal en foraktet mann stå frem, som ingen trodde skulle bli konge. Han skal komme når folk er trygge og bruke list for å ta kongedømmet.

• Moderne oversettelse av Bibelen fra 1611 KJV med hebraisk kontekst

  Og i hans sted skal det stå opp en foraktelig person, til hvem de ikke skal gi kongelig ære: men han skal komme fredelig og overta kongedømmet ved smiger.

• Norsk King James

  I hans sted skal det stå opp en uærlig leder, som ikke skal få kongerikets ære; men han skal komme fredelig og oppnå kongedømmet gjennom smiger.

• Modernisert Norsk Bibel 1866

  Deretter skal en foraktelig person stå i hans sted, en som ikke fikk kongens verdighet, men med list og smiger skal han overta kongeriket.

• Oversettelse av hebraiske Bibeltekster til moderne norsk bokmål

  En foraktet person vil ta hans plass, en som ikke er tildelt kongelig ære. Han vil komme i fredstid og vinne riket med intriger.

• Bibelen: En Moderne Oversettelse av King James Version 1611

  Og i hans sted skal det reise seg en foraktelig person, som ikke skal få kongedømmets ære: men han kommer fredelig, og overtar riket ved list.

• o3-mini KJV Norsk

  Og i hans rike skal en skammelig person reise seg, en som ikke vil få rikets ære, men han vil komme fredelig og vinne riket ved hjelp av smiger.

• En Moderne Oversettelse av King James Version 1611 (mar 2025)

  Og i hans sted skal det reise seg en foraktelig person, som ikke skal få kongedømmets ære: men han kommer fredelig, og overtar riket ved list.

• Lingvistisk bibeloversettelse fra grunntekst

  I hans sted skal en foraktelig mann stå fram. Han er ikke blitt gitt kongens ære, men han skal komme i stillhet og gripe riket med smiger.

• Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts

  Another will arise in his place, a contemptible man who has not been given royal honor. He will seize the kingdom through intrigue and deceit.

• GT, oversatt fra hebraisk Aug2024

  En foraktelig person skal stå opp i hans sted, en som ikke får kongelig ære. Han skal komme i en tid med ro og gripe kongedømmet med listige ord.

• Original Norsk Bibel 1866

  Siden skal der staae i hans Sted en Foragtet, hvilken de ikke skulle give Rigers Majestæt, men han skal komme med Stilhed og bemægtige sig Riget med smigrende (Ord).

• King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)

  And in his estate shall stand up a vile person, to whom they shall not give the honour of the kingdom: but he shall come in peaceably, and obtain the kingdom by flatteries.

• KJV 1769 norsk

  I hans sted skal en foraktelig person stå frem, som ikke vil få kongedømmets ære, men han skal komme fredelig og ta kongedømmet med list.

• KJV1611 - Moderne engelsk

  And in his place shall stand a despicable person, to whom they shall not give the honor of the kingdom: but he shall come in peaceably and obtain the kingdom by flatteries.

• King James Version 1611 (Original)

  And in his estate shall stand up a vile person, to whom they shall not give the honour of the kingdom: but he shall come in peaceably, and obtain the kingdom by flatteries.

• Norsk oversettelse av Webster

  I hans sted skal det stå frem en foraktelig person, som de ikke hadde gitt kongedømmets ære; men han skal komme i en tid med trygghet og skaffe seg kongedømmet ved smiger.

• Norsk oversettelse av Youngs Literal Translation

  Ved hans plass kommer en foraktelig mann, som ikke har fått kongens ære, men han kommer uventet og tar kongeriket ved smiger.

• Norsk oversettelse av ASV1901

  I hans sted skal det stå opp en foraktelig mann, som de ikke hadde gitt kongedømmets ære, men han skal komme i en tid med trygghet og få riket med smiger.

• Norsk oversettelse av BBE

  Hans plass vil bli tatt av en ubetydelig person, som kongerikets ære ikke var gitt til; men han vil komme i en tid med fred og få kongeriket ved smiger.

• Coverdale Bible (1535)

  In his steade there shal aryse a vyle person not holde worthy of a kinges dignite: this shall come in craftely, & optayne the kingdome with fayre wordes:

• Geneva Bible (1560)

  And in his place shall stand vp a vile person, to whom they shall not giue the honour of the kingdome: but he shall come in peaceably, and obteine the kingdome by flatteries.

• Bishops' Bible (1568)

  In his steede there shal stande vp a vyle person, to whom they shal not geue the honour of the kingdome: but he shall come in peaceably and obtaine the kingdome with flatteries.

• Authorized King James Version (1611)

  ¶ And in his estate shall stand up a vile person, to whom they shall not give the honour of the kingdom: but he shall come in peaceably, and obtain the kingdom by flatteries.

• Webster's Bible (1833)

  In his place shall stand up a contemptible person, to whom they had not given the honor of the kingdom: but he shall come in time of security, and shall obtain the kingdom by flatteries.

• Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

  `And stood up on his station hath a despicable one, and they have not given unto him the honour of the kingdom, and he hath come in quietly, and hath strengthened the kingdom by flatteries.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  And in his place shall stand up a contemptible person, to whom they had not given the honor of the kingdom: but he shall come in time of security, and shall obtain the kingdom by flatteries. [

• Bible in Basic English (1941)

  And his place will be taken by a low person, to whom the honour of the kingdom had not been given: but he will come in time of peace and will get the kingdom by fair words.

• World English Bible (2000)

  In his place shall stand up a contemptible person, to whom they had not given the honor of the kingdom: but he shall come in time of security, and shall obtain the kingdom by flatteries.

• NET Bible® (New English Translation)

  “Then there will arise in his place a despicable person to whom the royal honor has not been rightfully conferred. He will come on the scene in a time of prosperity and will seize the kingdom through deceit.

Referenced Verses

• Dan 8:25 : 25 { "verseID": "Daniel.8.25", "source": "וְעַל־שִׂכְל֗וֹ וְהִצְלִ֤יחַ מִרְמָה֙ בְּיָד֔וֹ וּבִלְבָב֣וֹ יַגְדִּ֔יל וּבְשַׁלְוָ֖ה יַשְׁחִ֣ית רַבִּ֑ים וְעַ֤ל שַׂר־שָׂרִים֙ יַעֲמֹ֔ד וּבְאֶ֥פֶס יָ֖ד יִשָּׁבֵֽר׃", "text": "And-upon-*śiḵlô* and-*hiṣlîaḥ* *mirmâ* in-*yāḏô*, and-in-*lᵊḇāḇô* *yaḡdîl*. And-in-*šalwâ* *yašḥîṯ* *rabbîm*, and-upon *śar*-*śārîm* *yaʿămōḏ*, and-in-*ʾepes* *yāḏ* *yiššāḇēr*.", "grammar": { "*śiḵlô*": "noun, masculine, singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his insight", "*hiṣlîaḥ*": "hiphil perfect, 3rd person masculine singular with waw consecutive - and he will prosper", "*mirmâ*": "noun, feminine, singular - deceit/treachery", "*yāḏô*": "noun, feminine, singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his hand", "*lᵊḇāḇô*": "noun, masculine, singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his heart", "*yaḡdîl*": "hiphil imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he will magnify himself", "*šalwâ*": "noun, feminine, singular - tranquility/ease", "*yašḥîṯ*": "hiphil imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he will destroy", "*rabbîm*": "adjective, masculine, plural - many", "*śar*": "noun, masculine, singular construct - prince of", "*śārîm*": "noun, masculine, plural - princes", "*yaʿămōḏ*": "qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he will stand", "*ʾepes*": "noun, masculine, singular construct - cessation of", "*yāḏ*": "noun, feminine, singular - hand", "*yiššāḇēr*": "niphal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he will be broken" }, "variants": { "*śiḵlô*": "his insight/understanding/intelligence", "*hiṣlîaḥ*": "will prosper/will succeed/will cause to succeed", "*mirmâ*": "deceit/treachery/fraud", "*yāḏô*": "his hand/power", "*lᵊḇāḇô*": "his heart/mind/inner self", "*yaḡdîl*": "will magnify himself/exalt himself", "*šalwâ*": "tranquility/ease/security/peace", "*yašḥîṯ*": "will destroy/will corrupt/will ruin", "*rabbîm*": "many/great number", "*śar*": "prince/ruler/chief", "*śārîm*": "princes/rulers/chiefs", "*yaʿămōḏ*": "will stand/will rise up against", "*ʾepes*": "cessation/end/nothing", "*yāḏ*": "hand/power/agency", "*yiššāḇēr*": "will be broken/shattered/destroyed" } }
• Dan 11:34 : 34 { "verseID": "Daniel.11.34", "source": "וּבְהִכָּ֣שְׁלָ֔ם יֵעָזְר֖וּ עֵ֣זֶר מְעָ֑ט וְנִלְו֧וּ עֲלֵיהֶ֛ם רַבִּ֖ים בַּחֲלַקְלַקּֽוֹת׃", "text": "And in their *hikaš·lām* [stumbling] they shall be *yə'āzərū* [helped] *'ēzer* [help] *mə'āṭ* [little/small], and shall *nilwū* [join] unto them many with *ḥălaqlaqqōwt* [flatteries/smooth things].", "grammar": { "*hikaš·lām*": "Niphal infinitive construct with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - 'their being caused to stumble/fall'", "*yə'āzərū*": "Niphal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural - 'they will be helped'", "*'ēzer*": "masculine singular noun - 'help/assistance'", "*mə'āṭ*": "adjective masculine singular - 'little/small/few'", "*nilwū*": "Niphal perfect 3rd person common plural - 'they will join/be joined'", "*ḥălaqlaqqōwt*": "feminine plural noun - 'slippery places/smooth things/flatteries'" }, "variants": { "*hikaš·lām*": "stumbling/falling/failure", "*'ēzer*": "help/assistance/aid", "*mə'āṭ*": "little/small/few/insignificant", "*ḥălaqlaqqōwt*": "slippery places/flatteries/smooth words/hypocrisy" } }
• Nah 1:14 : 14 { "verseID": "Nahum.1.14", "source": "וְצִוָּ֤ה עָלֶ֙יךָ֙ יְהוָ֔ה לֹֽא־יִזָּרַ֥ע מִשִּׁמְךָ֖ ע֑וֹד מִבֵּ֨ית אֱלֹהֶ֜יךָ אַכְרִ֨ית פֶּ֧סֶל וּמַסֵּכָ֛ה אָשִׂ֥ים קִבְרֶ֖ךָ כִּ֥י קַלּֽוֹתָ׃", "text": "*Wə-ṣiwwāh* *ʿāleykā* *YHWH* *lōʾ-yizzāraʿ* *miššimkā* *ʿôd* *mibbêt* *ʾĕlōheykā* *ʾakrît* *pesel* *û-massēkāh* *ʾāśîm* *qibrekā* *kî* *qallôtā*", "grammar": { "*Wə-ṣiwwāh*": "conjunction + Piel perfect, 3ms - and he has commanded", "*ʿāleykā*": "preposition + 2ms suffix - concerning you", "*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*yizzāraʿ*": "Niphal imperfect, 3ms - it will be sown", "*miššimkā*": "preposition + noun, masculine, singular + 2ms suffix - from your name", "*ʿôd*": "adverb - anymore/again", "*mibbêt*": "preposition + noun, masculine, singular, construct - from house of", "*ʾĕlōheykā*": "noun, masculine, plural + 2ms suffix - your gods/God", "*ʾakrît*": "Hiphil imperfect, 1s - I will cut off/destroy", "*pesel*": "noun, masculine, singular - carved image/idol", "*û-massēkāh*": "conjunction + noun, feminine, singular - and molten image", "*ʾāśîm*": "Qal imperfect, 1s - I will make/set", "*qibrekā*": "noun, masculine, singular + 2ms suffix - your grave", "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*qallôtā*": "Qal perfect, 2ms - you are despised/light/insignificant" }, "variants": { "*ṣiwwāh*": "commanded/ordered/decreed", "*yizzāraʿ* *miššimkā*": "will be sown from your name/your name will be perpetuated", "*ʾakrît*": "I will cut off/destroy/eliminate", "*pesel*": "carved image/idol/graven image", "*massēkāh*": "molten image/cast idol", "*ʾāśîm* *qibrekā*": "I will make your grave/I will prepare your tomb", "*qallôtā*": "you are despised/light/insignificant/contemptible" } }
• Dan 11:7 : 7 { "verseID": "Daniel.11.7", "source": "וְעָמַ֛ד מִנֵּ֥צֶר שָׁרָשֶׁ֖יהָ כַּנּ֑וֹ וְיָבֹ֣א אֶל־הַחַ֗יִל וְיָבֹא֙ בְּמָעוֹז֙ מֶ֣לֶךְ הַצָּפ֔וֹן וְעָשָׂ֥ה בָהֶ֖ם וְהֶחֱזִֽיק׃", "text": "*wə-ʿāmaḏ* from *nēṣer* *šārāšeyâ* *kannô* and *yāḇōʾ* to the *ḥayil* and *yāḇōʾ* in *məʿôz* *meleḵ* the *ṣāpôn* and *ʿāśâ* in them and *heḥĕzîq*", "grammar": { "*wə-ʿāmaḏ*": "conjunction + verb, Qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - and will stand", "*nēṣer*": "noun, masculine singular construct - branch/shoot of", "*šārāšeyâ*": "noun, masculine plural + 3rd person feminine singular suffix - her roots", "*kannô*": "preposition + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - in his place", "*yāḇōʾ*": "verb, Qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he will come", "*ḥayil*": "noun, masculine singular - army/force", "*yāḇōʾ*": "verb, Qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he will come", "*məʿôz*": "noun, masculine singular construct - stronghold of", "*meleḵ*": "noun, masculine singular construct - king of", "*ṣāpôn*": "noun, masculine singular - north", "*ʿāśâ*": "verb, Qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he will do/act", "*heḥĕzîq*": "verb, Hiphil perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he will prevail" }, "variants": { "*nēṣer*": "branch/shoot/sprout", "*šārāšeyâ*": "her roots/her stock/her line", "*kannô*": "in his place/in his position/in his stead", "*ḥayil*": "army/force/strength", "*məʿôz*": "stronghold/fortress/stronghold", "*ʿāśâ*": "will do/will act/will deal", "*heḥĕzîq*": "will prevail/will strengthen/will succeed" } }
• Dan 11:20 : 20 { "verseID": "Daniel.11.20", "source": "וְעָמַ֧ד עַל־כַּנּ֛וֹ מַעֲבִ֥יר נוֹגֵ֖שׂ הֶ֣דֶר מַלְכ֑וּת וּבְיָמִ֤ים אֲחָדִים֙ יִשָּׁבֵ֔ר וְלֹ֥א בְאַפַּ֖יִם וְלֹ֥א בְמִלְחָמָֽה׃", "text": "*wə-ʿāmad* *ʿal-kannô* *maʿăbîr* *nôgēś* *heder* *malkût* *û-bə-yāmîm* *ʾăḥādîm* *yiššābēr* *wə-lōʾ* *bə-ʾappayim* *wə-lōʾ* *bə-milḥāmāh*", "grammar": { "*wə-ʿāmad*": "conjunction + perfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he will stand", "*ʿal-kannô*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - on his place/base", "*maʿăbîr*": "participle hiphil, masculine singular - one who causes to pass over/remover", "*nôgēś*": "participle, masculine singular - oppressor/taskmaster/exactor", "*heder*": "noun, masculine singular construct - splendor/glory/majesty of", "*malkût*": "noun, feminine singular - kingdom/kingship/royal power", "*û-bə-yāmîm*": "conjunction + preposition + noun, masculine plural - and in days", "*ʾăḥādîm*": "adjective, masculine plural - few", "*yiššābēr*": "imperfect niphal, 3rd masculine singular - he will be broken", "*wə-lōʾ*": "conjunction + negative particle - and not", "*bə-ʾappayim*": "preposition + noun, masculine dual - in anger/wrath", "*wə-lōʾ*": "conjunction + negative particle - and not", "*bə-milḥāmāh*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular - in battle/war" }, "variants": { "*ʿāmad*": "stand/arise/take one's stand", "*kan*": "base/place/stand/position", "*maʿăbîr*": "one who causes to pass over/one who removes/one who sends", "*nôgēś*": "oppressor/taskmaster/tax collector/tyrant", "*heder*": "splendor/glory/majesty/honor", "*malkût*": "kingdom/royal power/reign/dominion", "*ʾăḥādîm*": "few/some/several", "*yiššābēr*": "be broken/be shattered/be destroyed", "*ʾappayim*": "nostrils/anger/wrath/rage", "*milḥāmāh*": "battle/war/fighting" } }
• Dan 11:32 : 32 { "verseID": "Daniel.11.32", "source": "וּמַרְשִׁיעֵ֣י בְרִ֔ית יַחֲנִ֖יף בַּחֲלַקּ֑וֹת וְעַ֛ם יֹדְעֵ֥י אֱלֹהָ֖יו יַחֲזִ֥קוּ וְעָשֽׂוּ׃", "text": "*û-maršîʿê* *bərît* *yaḥănîp* *ba-ḥălaqqôt* *wə-ʿam* *yōdəʿê* *ʾĕlōhāyw* *yaḥăzîqû* *wə-ʿāśû*", "grammar": { "*û-maršîʿê*": "conjunction + participle hiphil, masculine plural construct - and ones acting wickedly against", "*bərît*": "noun, feminine singular - covenant", "*yaḥănîp*": "imperfect hiphil, 3rd masculine singular - he will make profane/corrupt", "*ba-ḥălaqqôt*": "preposition + article + noun, feminine plural - with flatteries/smoothness", "*wə-ʿam*": "conjunction + noun, masculine singular construct - and people of", "*yōdəʿê*": "participle qal, masculine plural construct - ones knowing", "*ʾĕlōhāyw*": "noun, masculine plural with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his God", "*yaḥăzîqû*": "imperfect hiphil, 3rd masculine plural - they will be strong/prevail", "*wə-ʿāśû*": "conjunction + perfect, 3rd common plural - and they will do/act" }, "variants": { "*maršîʿê*": "ones acting wickedly against/violators of/those who violate", "*bərît*": "covenant/alliance/treaty/agreement", "*yaḥănîp*": "make profane/corrupt/pollute/lead into apostasy", "*ḥălaqqôt*": "flatteries/smoothness/slippery words", "*ʿam*": "people/nation/folk", "*yōdəʿê*": "ones knowing/those who know/those acquainted with", "*ʾĕlōhāyw*": "his God/his gods/his deity", "*yaḥăzîqû*": "be strong/prevail/hold fast/withstand", "*ʿāśû*": "do/act/perform/accomplish" } }
• Judg 9:1-9 : 1 { "verseID": "Judges.9.1", "source": "וַיֵּלֶךְ אֲבִימֶלֶךְ בֶּן־יְרֻבַּעַל שְׁכֶמָה אֶל־אֲחֵי אִמּוֹ וַיְדַבֵּר אֲלֵיהֶם וְאֶל־כָּל־מִשְׁפַּחַת בֵּית־אֲבִי אִמּוֹ לֵאמֹר", "text": "*wə-yēlek* *ʾăbîmelek* *ben*-*yərubbaʿal* *šəkemāh* *ʾel*-*ʾăḥê* *ʾimmô* *wə-yədabbēr* *ʾălêhem* *wə-ʾel*-*kol*-*mišpaḥat* *bêt*-*ʾăbî* *ʾimmô* *lēʾmōr*", "grammar": { "*wə-yēlek*": "Qal imperfect 3ms with waw consecutive - and he went", "*ʾăbîmelek*": "proper noun, masculine - Abimelech", "*ben*": "construct noun, masculine singular - son of", "*yərubbaʿal*": "proper noun, masculine - Jerubbaal", "*šəkemāh*": "proper noun with directional heh - to Shechem", "*ʾel*": "preposition - to, unto", "*ʾăḥê*": "construct noun, masculine plural - brothers of", "*ʾimmô*": "noun, feminine singular with 3ms possessive suffix - his mother", "*wə-yədabbēr*": "Piel imperfect 3ms with waw consecutive - and he spoke", "*ʾălêhem*": "preposition with 3mp suffix - to them", "*wə-ʾel*": "conjunction with preposition - and to", "*kol*": "construct noun - all of", "*mišpaḥat*": "construct noun, feminine singular - family of", "*bêt*": "construct noun, masculine singular - house of", "*ʾăbî*": "construct noun, masculine singular - father of", "*ʾimmô*": "noun, feminine singular with 3ms possessive suffix - his mother", "*lēʾmōr*": "Qal infinitive construct - saying" }, "variants": { "*wə-yēlek*": "and he went/proceeded/traveled", "*ʾăbîmelek*": "Abimelech (proper name meaning 'my father is king')", "*ben*": "son of/descendant of", "*yərubbaʿal*": "Jerubbaal (alternate name for Gideon)", "*šəkemāh*": "to Shechem (city name)", "*mišpaḥat*": "family/clan/kindred" } } 2 { "verseID": "Judges.9.2", "source": "דַּבְּרוּ־נָא בְּאָזְנֵי כָל־בַּעֲלֵי שְׁכֶם מַה־טּוֹב לָכֶם הַמְשֹׁל בָּכֶם שִׁבְעִים אִישׁ כֹּל בְּנֵי יְרֻבַּעַל אִם־מְשֹׁל בָּכֶם אִישׁ אֶחָד וּזְכַרְתֶּם כִּי־עַצְמֵכֶם וּבְשַׂרְכֶם אָנִי", "text": "*dabbərû*-*nāʾ* *bə-ʾoznê* *kol*-*baʿălê* *šəkem* *mah*-*ṭôb* *lākem* *ha-məšōl* *bākem* *šibʿîm* *ʾîš* *kōl* *bənê* *yərubbaʿal* *ʾim*-*məšōl* *bākem* *ʾîš* *ʾeḥād* *û-zəkartem* *kî*-*ʿaṣməkem* *û-bəśarkem* *ʾănî*", "grammar": { "*dabbərû*": "Piel imperative, masculine plural - speak", "*nāʾ*": "particle of entreaty - please", "*bə-ʾoznê*": "preposition with construct noun, feminine dual - in the ears of", "*kol*": "construct noun - all of", "*baʿălê*": "construct noun, masculine plural - lords/citizens of", "*šəkem*": "proper noun - Shechem", "*mah*": "interrogative pronoun - what", "*ṭôb*": "adjective, masculine singular - good", "*lākem*": "preposition with 2mp suffix - to/for you", "*ha-məšōl*": "article with Qal infinitive construct - the ruling", "*bākem*": "preposition with 2mp suffix - over you", "*šibʿîm*": "cardinal number - seventy", "*ʾîš*": "noun, masculine singular - man", "*kōl*": "construct noun - all of", "*bənê*": "construct noun, masculine plural - sons of", "*yərubbaʿal*": "proper noun, masculine - Jerubbaal", "*ʾim*": "conjunction - if/or", "*məšōl*": "Qal infinitive construct - ruling", "*bākem*": "preposition with 2mp suffix - over you", "*ʾîš*": "noun, masculine singular - man", "*ʾeḥād*": "cardinal number, masculine singular - one", "*û-zəkartem*": "conjunction with Qal perfect 2mp - and you shall remember", "*kî*": "conjunction - that/because", "*ʿaṣməkem*": "noun with 2mp suffix - your bone", "*û-bəśarkem*": "conjunction with noun and 2mp suffix - and your flesh", "*ʾănî*": "1st person singular pronoun - I" }, "variants": { "*dabbərû*-*nāʾ*": "speak now/please speak", "*baʿălê*": "lords of/citizens of/men of", "*mah*-*ṭôb*": "what is good/what is better", "*ha-məšōl*": "the ruling/that should rule", "*kî*-*ʿaṣməkem*": "because/that your bone (idiom for relationship)", "*û-bəśarkem*": "and your flesh (idiom for relationship)" } } 3 { "verseID": "Judges.9.3", "source": "וַיְדַבְּרוּ אֲחֵי־אִמּוֹ עָלָיו בְּאָזְנֵי כָּל־בַּעֲלֵי שְׁכֶם אֵת כָּל־הַדְּבָרִים הָאֵלֶּה וַיֵּט לִבָּם אַחֲרֵי אֲבִימֶלֶךְ כִּי אָמְרוּ אָחִינוּ הוּא", "text": "*wa-yədabbərû* *ʾăḥê*-*ʾimmô* *ʿālāyw* *bə-ʾoznê* *kol*-*baʿălê* *šəkem* *ʾēt* *kol*-*ha-dəbārîm* *hā-ʾēlleh* *wa-yēṭ* *libbām* *ʾaḥărê* *ʾăbîmelek* *kî* *ʾāmərû* *ʾāḥînû* *hûʾ*", "grammar": { "*wa-yədabbərû*": "Piel imperfect 3mp with waw consecutive - and they spoke", "*ʾăḥê*": "construct noun, masculine plural - brothers of", "*ʾimmô*": "noun, feminine singular with 3ms possessive suffix - his mother", "*ʿālāyw*": "preposition with 3ms suffix - concerning him", "*bə-ʾoznê*": "preposition with construct noun, feminine dual - in the ears of", "*kol*": "construct noun - all of", "*baʿălê*": "construct noun, masculine plural - lords/citizens of", "*šəkem*": "proper noun - Shechem", "*ʾēt*": "direct object marker", "*kol*": "construct noun - all of", "*ha-dəbārîm*": "article with noun, masculine plural - the words", "*hā-ʾēlleh*": "article with demonstrative pronoun, plural - these", "*wa-yēṭ*": "Qal imperfect 3ms with waw consecutive - and it inclined", "*libbām*": "noun, masculine singular with 3mp possessive suffix - their heart", "*ʾaḥărê*": "preposition - after", "*ʾăbîmelek*": "proper noun, masculine - Abimelech", "*kî*": "conjunction - because/for", "*ʾāmərû*": "Qal perfect 3mp - they said", "*ʾāḥînû*": "noun, masculine singular with 1cp possessive suffix - our brother", "*hûʾ*": "3ms personal pronoun - he" }, "variants": { "*wa-yēṭ* *libbām*": "and their heart inclined/and they were inclined/their hearts were swayed", "*ʾaḥărê*": "after/following/toward", "*kî*": "because/for/that" } } 4 { "verseID": "Judges.9.4", "source": "וַיִּתְּנוּ־לוֹ שִׁבְעִים כֶּסֶף מִבֵּיתּ בַּעַל בְּרִית וַיִּשְׂכֹּר בָּהֶם אֲבִימֶלֶךְ אֲנָשִׁים רֵיקִים וּפֹחֲזִים וַיֵּלְכוּ אַחֲרָיו", "text": "*wa-yittənû*-*lô* *šibʿîm* *kesep* *mi-bêt* *baʿal* *bərît* *wa-yiśkōr* *bāhem* *ʾăbîmelek* *ʾănāšîm* *rêqîm* *û-pōḥăzîm* *wa-yēlkû* *ʾaḥărāyw*", "grammar": { "*wa-yittənû*": "Qal imperfect 3mp with waw consecutive - and they gave", "*lô*": "preposition with 3ms suffix - to him", "*šibʿîm*": "cardinal number - seventy", "*kesep*": "noun, masculine singular - silver/money", "*mi-bêt*": "preposition with construct noun, masculine singular - from house of", "*baʿal*": "noun, masculine singular - Baal/master", "*bərît*": "noun, feminine singular - covenant", "*wa-yiśkōr*": "Qal imperfect 3ms with waw consecutive - and he hired", "*bāhem*": "preposition with 3mp suffix - with them", "*ʾăbîmelek*": "proper noun, masculine - Abimelech", "*ʾănāšîm*": "noun, masculine plural - men", "*rêqîm*": "adjective, masculine plural - empty/vain/worthless", "*û-pōḥăzîm*": "conjunction with adjective, masculine plural - and reckless", "*wa-yēlkû*": "Qal imperfect 3mp with waw consecutive - and they went", "*ʾaḥărāyw*": "preposition with 3ms suffix - after him" }, "variants": { "*kesep*": "silver/money/pieces of silver", "*baʿal* *bərît*": "Baal of the Covenant (deity name)/master of covenant (temple name)", "*rêqîm*": "empty/vain/worthless/idle", "*pōḥăzîm*": "reckless/unstable/wild/light" } } 5 { "verseID": "Judges.9.5", "source": "וַיָּבֹא בֵית־אָבִיו עָפְרָתָה וַיַּהֲרֹג אֶת־אֶחָיו בְּנֵי־יְרֻבַּעַל שִׁבְּעִים אִישׁ עַל־אֶבֶן אֶחָת וַיִּוָּתֵר יוֹתָם בֶּן־יְרֻבַּעַל הַקָּטֹן כִּי נֶחְבָּא", "text": "*wa-yābōʾ* *bêt*-*ʾābîw* *ʿoprātāh* *wa-yaharōg* *ʾet*-*ʾeḥāyw* *bənê*-*yərubbaʿal* *šibʿîm* *ʾîš* *ʿal*-*ʾeben* *ʾeḥāt* *wa-yiwwātēr* *yôtām* *ben*-*yərubbaʿal* *ha-qqāṭōn* *kî* *neḥbāʾ*", "grammar": { "*wa-yābōʾ*": "Qal imperfect 3ms with waw consecutive - and he came", "*bêt*": "construct noun, masculine singular - house of", "*ʾābîw*": "noun, masculine singular with 3ms possessive suffix - his father", "*ʿoprātāh*": "proper noun with directional heh - to Ophrah", "*wa-yaharōg*": "Qal imperfect 3ms with waw consecutive - and he killed", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*ʾeḥāyw*": "noun, masculine plural with 3ms possessive suffix - his brothers", "*bənê*": "construct noun, masculine plural - sons of", "*yərubbaʿal*": "proper noun, masculine - Jerubbaal", "*šibʿîm*": "cardinal number - seventy", "*ʾîš*": "noun, masculine singular - man", "*ʿal*": "preposition - upon", "*ʾeben*": "noun, feminine singular - stone", "*ʾeḥāt*": "cardinal number, feminine singular - one", "*wa-yiwwātēr*": "Niphal imperfect 3ms with waw consecutive - and he remained", "*yôtām*": "proper noun, masculine - Jotham", "*ben*": "construct noun, masculine singular - son of", "*yərubbaʿal*": "proper noun, masculine - Jerubbaal", "*ha-qqāṭōn*": "article with adjective, masculine singular - the youngest", "*kî*": "conjunction - because/for", "*neḥbāʾ*": "Niphal perfect 3ms - he hid himself" }, "variants": { "*wa-yaharōg*": "and he killed/slaughtered/murdered", "*ʿal*-*ʾeben* *ʾeḥāt*": "on one stone/upon a single stone (execution method)", "*ha-qqāṭōn*": "the youngest/smallest/least significant" } } 6 { "verseID": "Judges.9.6", "source": "וַיֵּאָסְפוּ כָּל־בַּעֲלֵי שְׁכֶם וְכָל־בֵּית מִלּוֹא וַיֵּלְכוּ וַיַּמְלִיכוּ אֶת־אֲבִימֶלֶךְ לְמֶלֶךְ עִם־אֵלוֹן מֻצָּב אֲשֶׁר בִּשְׁכֶם", "text": "*wa-yēʾāsəpû* *kol*-*baʿălê* *šəkem* *wə-kol*-*bêt* *millôʾ* *wa-yēləkû* *wa-yamlikû* *ʾet*-*ʾăbîmelek* *lə-melek* *ʿim*-*ʾēlôn* *muṣṣāb* *ʾăšer* *bi-šəkem*", "grammar": { "*wa-yēʾāsəpû*": "Niphal imperfect 3mp with waw consecutive - and they gathered", "*kol*": "construct noun - all of", "*baʿălê*": "construct noun, masculine plural - lords/citizens of", "*šəkem*": "proper noun - Shechem", "*wə-kol*": "conjunction with construct noun - and all of", "*bêt*": "construct noun, masculine singular - house of", "*millôʾ*": "proper noun - Millo", "*wa-yēləkû*": "Qal imperfect 3mp with waw consecutive - and they went", "*wa-yamlikû*": "Hiphil imperfect 3mp with waw consecutive - and they made king", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*ʾăbîmelek*": "proper noun, masculine - Abimelech", "*lə-melek*": "preposition with noun, masculine singular - as king", "*ʿim*": "preposition - with/by", "*ʾēlôn*": "noun, masculine singular - oak/terebinth", "*muṣṣāb*": "Hophal participle, masculine singular - erected/set up", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which", "*bi-šəkem*": "preposition with proper noun - in Shechem" }, "variants": { "*millôʾ*": "Millo (proper name of a place/fortress)", "*ʾēlôn* *muṣṣāb*": "oak/terebinth pillar/monument/standing stone" } } 7 { "verseID": "Judges.9.7", "source": "וַיַּגִּדוּ לְיוֹתָם וַיֵּלֶךְ וַיַּעֲמֹד בְּרֹאשׁ הַר־גְּרִזִים וַיִּשָּׂא קוֹלוֹ וַיִּקְרָא וַיֹּאמֶר לָהֶם שִׁמְעוּ אֵלַי בַּעֲלֵי שְׁכֶם וְיִשְׁמַע אֲלֵיכֶם אֱלֹהִים", "text": "*wa-yaggidû* *lə-yôtām* *wa-yēlek* *wa-yaʿămōd* *bə-rōʾš* *har*-*gərizzîm* *wa-yiśśāʾ* *qôlô* *wa-yiqrāʾ* *wa-yōʾmer* *lāhem* *šimʿû* *ʾēlay* *baʿălê* *šəkem* *wə-yišmaʿ* *ʾălêkem* *ʾĕlōhîm*", "grammar": { "*wa-yaggidû*": "Hiphil imperfect 3mp with waw consecutive - and they told", "*lə-yôtām*": "preposition with proper noun - to Jotham", "*wa-yēlek*": "Qal imperfect 3ms with waw consecutive - and he went", "*wa-yaʿămōd*": "Qal imperfect 3ms with waw consecutive - and he stood", "*bə-rōʾš*": "preposition with construct noun, masculine singular - on top of", "*har*": "construct noun, masculine singular - mountain of", "*gərizzîm*": "proper noun - Gerizim", "*wa-yiśśāʾ*": "Qal imperfect 3ms with waw consecutive - and he lifted", "*qôlô*": "noun, masculine singular with 3ms possessive suffix - his voice", "*wa-yiqrāʾ*": "Qal imperfect 3ms with waw consecutive - and he called", "*wa-yōʾmer*": "Qal imperfect 3ms with waw consecutive - and he said", "*lāhem*": "preposition with 3mp suffix - to them", "*šimʿû*": "Qal imperative, masculine plural - listen", "*ʾēlay*": "preposition with 1cs suffix - to me", "*baʿălê*": "construct noun, masculine plural - lords/citizens of", "*šəkem*": "proper noun - Shechem", "*wə-yišmaʿ*": "Qal imperfect 3ms with conjunction - and may he listen", "*ʾălêkem*": "preposition with 2mp suffix - to you", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "noun, masculine plural - God" }, "variants": { "*wa-yiśśāʾ* *qôlô*": "lifted up his voice (idiom for speaking loudly)", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "God/gods/divine beings" } } 8 { "verseID": "Judges.9.8", "source": "הָלוֹךְ הָלְכוּ הָעֵצִים לִמְשֹׁחַ עֲלֵיהֶם מֶלֶךְ וַיֹּאמְרוּ לַזַּיִת מָלְכָה עָלֵינוּ", "text": "*hālôk* *hāləkû* *hā-ʿēṣîm* *li-mšōaḥ* *ʿălêhem* *melek* *wa-yōʾmərû* *la-zzayit* *molkāh* *ʿālênû*", "grammar": { "*hālôk*": "Qal infinitive absolute - going", "*hāləkû*": "Qal perfect 3cp - they went", "*hā-ʿēṣîm*": "article with noun, masculine plural - the trees", "*li-mšōaḥ*": "preposition with Qal infinitive construct - to anoint", "*ʿălêhem*": "preposition with 3mp suffix - over themselves", "*melek*": "noun, masculine singular - king", "*wa-yōʾmərû*": "Qal imperfect 3mp with waw consecutive - and they said", "*la-zzayit*": "preposition with article and noun, masculine singular - to the olive tree", "*molkāh*": "Qal imperative, feminine singular - rule (textual variant)", "*ʿālênû*": "preposition with 1cp suffix - over us" }, "variants": { "*hālôk* *hāləkû*": "emphatic construction: certainly went/surely went", "*la-zzayit*": "to the olive tree/olive tree", "*molkāh*": "alternative form of the imperative feminine singular - reign/rule" } } 9 { "verseID": "Judges.9.9", "source": "וַיֹּאמֶר לָהֶם הַזַּיִת הֶחֳדַלְתִּי אֶת־דִּשְׁנִי אֲשֶׁר־בִּי יְכַבְּדוּ אֱלֹהִים וַאֲנָשִׁים וְהָלַכְתִּי לָנוּעַ עַל־הָעֵצִים", "text": "*wa-yōʾmer* *lāhem* *ha-zzayit* *heḥodalti* *ʾet*-*dišnî* *ʾăšer*-*bî* *yəkabbədû* *ʾĕlōhîm* *wa-ʾănāšîm* *wə-hālaktî* *lānûaʿ* *ʿal*-*hā-ʿēṣîm*", "grammar": { "*wa-yōʾmer*": "Qal imperfect 3ms with waw consecutive - and he said", "*lāhem*": "preposition with 3mp suffix - to them", "*ha-zzayit*": "article with noun, masculine singular - the olive tree", "*heḥodalti*": "Qal perfect 1cs - I have ceased", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*dišnî*": "noun, masculine singular with 1cs possessive suffix - my fatness", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which", "*bî*": "preposition with 1cs suffix - in me/by me", "*yəkabbədû*": "Piel imperfect 3mp - they honor", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "noun, masculine plural - God", "*wa-ʾănāšîm*": "conjunction with noun, masculine plural - and men", "*wə-hālaktî*": "conjunction with Qal perfect 1cs - and I should go", "*lānûaʿ*": "Qal infinitive construct - to sway/wave", "*ʿal*": "preposition - over", "*hā-ʿēṣîm*": "article with noun, masculine plural - the trees" }, "variants": { "*heḥodalti*": "I have ceased/should I cease/would I stop", "*dišnî*": "my fatness/my oil/my richness", "*yəkabbədû*": "they honor/glorify/respect" } } 10 { "verseID": "Judges.9.10", "source": "וַיֹּאמְרוּ הָעֵצִים לַתְּאֵנָה לְכִי־אַתְּ מָלְכִי עָלֵינוּ", "text": "*wa-yōʾmərû* *hā-ʿēṣîm* *la-ttəʾēnāh* *ləkî*-*ʾatt* *molkî* *ʿālênû*", "grammar": { "*wa-yōʾmərû*": "Qal imperfect 3mp with waw consecutive - and they said", "*hā-ʿēṣîm*": "article with noun, masculine plural - the trees", "*la-ttəʾēnāh*": "preposition with article and noun, feminine singular - to the fig tree", "*ləkî*": "Qal imperative, feminine singular - come/go", "*ʾatt*": "2fs personal pronoun - you", "*molkî*": "Qal imperative, feminine singular - rule", "*ʿālênû*": "preposition with 1cp suffix - over us" }, "variants": { "*ləkî*-*ʾatt*": "you come/come, you" } } 11 { "verseID": "Judges.9.11", "source": "וַתֹּאמֶר לָהֶם הַתְּאֵנָה הֶחֳדַלְתִּי אֶת־מָתְקִי וְאֶת־תְּנוּבָתִי הַטּוֹבָה וְהָלַכְתִּי לָנוּעַ עַל־הָעֵצִים", "text": "*wa-tōʾmer* *lāhem* *ha-ttəʾēnāh* *heḥodalti* *ʾet*-*motqî* *wə-ʾet*-*tənûbātî* *ha-ṭṭôbāh* *wə-hālaktî* *lānûaʿ* *ʿal*-*hā-ʿēṣîm*", "grammar": { "*wa-tōʾmer*": "Qal imperfect 3fs with waw consecutive - and she said", "*lāhem*": "preposition with 3mp suffix - to them", "*ha-ttəʾēnāh*": "article with noun, feminine singular - the fig tree", "*heḥodalti*": "Qal perfect 1cs - I have ceased", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*motqî*": "noun, masculine singular with 1cs possessive suffix - my sweetness", "*wə-ʾet*": "conjunction with direct object marker - and", "*tənûbātî*": "noun, feminine singular with 1cs possessive suffix - my fruit", "*ha-ṭṭôbāh*": "article with adjective, feminine singular - the good", "*wə-hālaktî*": "conjunction with Qal perfect 1cs - and I should go", "*lānûaʿ*": "Qal infinitive construct - to sway/wave", "*ʿal*": "preposition - over", "*hā-ʿēṣîm*": "article with noun, masculine plural - the trees" }, "variants": { "*heḥodalti*": "I have ceased/should I cease/would I stop", "*motqî*": "my sweetness/my good taste", "*tənûbātî*": "my fruit/my produce" } } 12 { "verseID": "Judges.9.12", "source": "וַיֹּאמְרוּ הָעֵצִים לַגָּפֶן לְכִי־אַתְּ מָלְכִי עָלֵינוּ", "text": "*wa-yōʾmərû* *hā-ʿēṣîm* *la-ggāpen* *ləkî*-*ʾatt* *molkî* *ʿālênû*", "grammar": { "*wa-yōʾmərû*": "Qal imperfect 3mp with waw consecutive - and they said", "*hā-ʿēṣîm*": "article with noun, masculine plural - the trees", "*la-ggāpen*": "preposition with article and noun, feminine singular - to the vine", "*ləkî*": "Qal imperative, feminine singular - come/go", "*ʾatt*": "2fs personal pronoun - you", "*molkî*": "Qal imperative, feminine singular - rule", "*ʿālênû*": "preposition with 1cp suffix - over us" }, "variants": { "*la-ggāpen*": "to the vine/grapevine" } } 13 { "verseID": "Judges.9.13", "source": "וַתֹּאמֶר לָהֶם הַגֶּפֶן הֶחֳדַלְתִּי אֶת־תִּירוֹשִׁי הַמְשַׂמֵּחַ אֱלֹהִים וַאֲנָשִׁים וְהָלַכְתִּי לָנוּעַ עַל־הָעֵצִים", "text": "*wa-tōʾmer* *lāhem* *ha-ggepen* *heḥodalti* *ʾet*-*tîrôšî* *ha-məśammēaḥ* *ʾĕlōhîm* *wa-ʾănāšîm* *wə-hālaktî* *lānûaʿ* *ʿal*-*hā-ʿēṣîm*", "grammar": { "*wa-tōʾmer*": "Qal imperfect 3fs with waw consecutive - and she said", "*lāhem*": "preposition with 3mp suffix - to them", "*ha-ggepen*": "article with noun, feminine singular - the vine", "*heḥodalti*": "Qal perfect 1cs - I have ceased", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*tîrôšî*": "noun, masculine singular with 1cs possessive suffix - my new wine", "*ha-məśammēaḥ*": "article with Piel participle, masculine singular - the gladdening", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "noun, masculine plural - God", "*wa-ʾănāšîm*": "conjunction with noun, masculine plural - and men", "*wə-hālaktî*": "conjunction with Qal perfect 1cs - and I should go", "*lānûaʿ*": "Qal infinitive construct - to sway/wave", "*ʿal*": "preposition - over", "*hā-ʿēṣîm*": "article with noun, masculine plural - the trees" }, "variants": { "*tîrôšî*": "my new wine/my fresh wine/my juice", "*ha-məśammēaḥ*": "that cheers/that makes glad/that brings joy to" } } 14 { "verseID": "Judges.9.14", "source": "וַיֹּאמְרוּ כָל־הָעֵצִים אֶל־הָאָטָד לֵךְ אַתָּה מְלָךְ־עָלֵינוּ", "text": "*wa-yōʾmərû* *kol*-*hā-ʿēṣîm* *ʾel*-*hā-ʾāṭād* *lēk* *ʾattāh* *məlok*-*ʿālênû*", "grammar": { "*wa-yōʾmərû*": "Qal imperfect 3mp with waw consecutive - and they said", "*kol*": "construct noun - all of", "*hā-ʿēṣîm*": "article with noun, masculine plural - the trees", "*ʾel*": "preposition - to", "*hā-ʾāṭād*": "article with noun, masculine singular - the bramble/thornbush", "*lēk*": "Qal imperative, masculine singular - come/go", "*ʾattāh*": "2ms personal pronoun - you", "*məlok*": "Qal imperative, masculine singular - rule", "*ʿālênû*": "preposition with 1cp suffix - over us" }, "variants": { "*hā-ʾāṭād*": "the bramble/thornbush/buckthorn" } } 15 { "verseID": "Judges.9.15", "source": "וַיֹּאמֶר הָאָטָד אֶל־הָעֵצִים אִם בֶּאֱמֶת אַתֶּם מֹשְׁחִים אֹתִי לְמֶלֶךְ עֲלֵיכֶם בֹּאוּ חֲסוּ בְצִלִּי וְאִם־אַיִן תֵּצֵא אֵשׁ מִן־הָאָטָד וְתֹאכַל אֶת־אַרְזֵי הַלְּבָנוֹן", "text": "*wa-yōʾmer* *hā-ʾāṭād* *ʾel*-*hā-ʿēṣîm* *ʾim* *be-ʾĕmet* *ʾattem* *mōšḥîm* *ʾōtî* *lə-melek* *ʿălêkem* *bōʾû* *ḥăsû* *bə-ṣillî* *wə-ʾim*-*ʾayin* *tēṣēʾ* *ʾēš* *min*-*hā-ʾāṭād* *wə-tōʾkal* *ʾet*-*ʾarzê* *ha-lləbānôn*", "grammar": { "*wa-yōʾmer*": "Qal imperfect 3ms with waw consecutive - and he said", "*hā-ʾāṭād*": "article with noun, masculine singular - the bramble/thornbush", "*ʾel*": "preposition - to", "*hā-ʿēṣîm*": "article with noun, masculine plural - the trees", "*ʾim*": "conjunction - if", "*be-ʾĕmet*": "preposition with noun, feminine singular - in truth", "*ʾattem*": "2mp personal pronoun - you", "*mōšḥîm*": "Qal participle, masculine plural - anointing", "*ʾōtî*": "direct object marker with 1cs suffix - me", "*lə-melek*": "preposition with noun, masculine singular - as king", "*ʿălêkem*": "preposition with 2mp suffix - over you", "*bōʾû*": "Qal imperative, masculine plural - come", "*ḥăsû*": "Qal imperative, masculine plural - take refuge", "*bə-ṣillî*": "preposition with noun, masculine singular with 1cs suffix - in my shadow", "*wə-ʾim*": "conjunction with conjunction - and if", "*ʾayin*": "adverb of negation - not", "*tēṣēʾ*": "Qal imperfect 3fs - let come out", "*ʾēš*": "noun, feminine singular - fire", "*min*": "preposition - from", "*hā-ʾāṭād*": "article with noun, masculine singular - the bramble/thornbush", "*wə-tōʾkal*": "conjunction with Qal imperfect 3fs - and let it devour", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*ʾarzê*": "construct noun, masculine plural - cedars of", "*ha-lləbānôn*": "article with proper noun - the Lebanon" }, "variants": { "*be-ʾĕmet*": "in truth/truly/sincerely", "*ḥăsû* *bə-ṣillî*": "take refuge in my shadow/seek protection under me", "*ʾarzê* *ha-lləbānôn*": "cedars of Lebanon (idiom for mighty trees/powerful entities)" } } 16 { "verseID": "Judges.9.16", "source": "וְעַתָּ֗ה אִם־בֶּאֱמֶ֤ת וּבְתָמִים֙ עֲשִׂיתֶ֔ם וַתַּמְלִ֖יכוּ אֶת־אֲבִימֶ֑לֶךְ וְאִם־טוֹבָ֤ה עֲשִׂיתֶם֙ עִם־יְרֻבַּ֣עַל וְעִם־בֵּית֔וֹ וְאִם־כִּגְמ֥וּל יָדָ֖יו עֲשִׂ֥יתֶם לֽוֹ׃", "text": "And *ʿattâ* if in-*ʾemet* and-in-*tāmîm* you-*ʿăśîtem*, and-*tamlikû* *ʾet*-*ʾăbîmelek*, and-if-*ṭôbâ* you-*ʿăśîtem* with-*yĕrubbaʿal* and-with-*bêtô*, and-if-according-to-*gĕmûl* *yādāyw* you-*ʿăśîtem* to-him.", "grammar": { "*ʿattâ*": "temporal adverb - now", "*ʾemet*": "feminine noun, singular - truth", "*tāmîm*": "masculine noun, singular - completeness/integrity", "*ʿăśîtem*": "verb, Qal perfect, 2nd person masculine plural - you have done/acted", "*tamlikû*": "verb, Hiphil imperfect with waw consecutive, 2nd person masculine plural - you made king/crowned", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*ʾăbîmelek*": "proper noun - Abimelech", "*ṭôbâ*": "feminine adjective, singular - good/goodness", "*yĕrubbaʿal*": "proper noun - Jerubbaal (Gideon)", "*bêtô*": "noun with pronominal suffix, 'his house'", "*gĕmûl*": "masculine noun, singular - dealing/treatment/reward", "*yādāyw*": "noun, dual with pronominal suffix, 'his hands'" }, "variants": { "*ʾemet*": "truth/faithfulness/reliability", "*tāmîm*": "integrity/completeness/uprightness/innocence", "*ʿăśîtem*": "you did/acted/performed/made", "*tamlikû*": "you made king/enthroned/crowned", "*ṭôbâ*": "good thing/goodness/benefit/welfare", "*gĕmûl*": "reward/recompense/treatment/dealing" } } 17 { "verseID": "Judges.9.17", "source": "אֲשֶׁר־נִלְחַ֥ם אָבִ֖י עֲלֵיכֶ֑ם וַיַּשְׁלֵ֤ךְ אֶת־נַפְשׁוֹ֙ מִנֶּ֔גֶד וַיַּצֵּ֥ל אֶתְכֶ֖ם מִיַּ֥ד מִדְיָֽן׃", "text": "Who *nilḥam* my-father *ʿălêkem*, and-*yaššlēk* *ʾet*-*napšô* from-*negged*, and-*yaṣṣēl* you from-*yad* *midyān*.", "grammar": { "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - who/which/that", "*nilḥam*": "verb, Niphal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - fought", "*ʾābî*": "noun with pronominal suffix, 1st person singular - my father", "*ʿălêkem*": "preposition with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - for/on behalf of you", "*yaššlēk*": "verb, Hiphil imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular - cast/threw", "*napšô*": "noun with pronominal suffix, 3rd person masculine singular - his soul/life", "*negged*": "preposition - in front/opposite/before", "*yaṣṣēl*": "verb, Hiphil imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular - delivered/rescued", "*yad*": "feminine noun, construct state - hand of", "*midyān*": "proper noun - Midian" }, "variants": { "*nilḥam*": "fought/waged war", "*yaššlēk*": "cast/threw/flung/risked", "*napšô*": "his soul/his life/himself", "*negged*": "in front/before/opposite/facing danger", "*yaṣṣēl*": "delivered/rescued/saved", "*yad*": "hand/power/control" } } 18 { "verseID": "Judges.9.18", "source": "וְאַתֶּ֞ם קַמְתֶּ֨ם עַל־בֵּ֤ית אָבִי֙ הַיּ֔וֹם וַתַּהַרְג֧וּ אֶת־בָּנָ֛יו שִׁבְעִ֥ים אִ֖ישׁ עַל־אֶ֣בֶן אֶחָ֑ת וַתַּמְלִ֜יכוּ אֶת־אֲבִימֶ֤לֶךְ בֶּן־אֲמָתוֹ֙ עַל־בַּעֲלֵ֣י שְׁכֶ֔ם כִּ֥י אֲחִיכֶ֖ם הֽוּא׃", "text": "And-you *qamtem* against-*bêt* my-father *hayyôm*, and-*tahargû* *ʾet*-*bānāyw* seventy *ʾîš* upon-*ʾeben* one, and-*tamlikû* *ʾet*-*ʾăbîmelek* son-of-*ʾămātô* over-*baʿălê* *šekem* because your-brother he.", "grammar": { "*qamtem*": "verb, Qal perfect, 2nd person masculine plural - rose/stood up against", "*bêt*": "noun, construct state - house of", "*ʾābî*": "noun with pronominal suffix, 1st person singular - my father", "*hayyôm*": "noun with definite article - the day/today", "*tahargû*": "verb, Qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 2nd person masculine plural - killed/slew", "*bānāyw*": "noun with pronominal suffix, 3rd person masculine singular - his sons", "*šibʿîm*": "number - seventy", "*ʾîš*": "masculine noun, singular - man/person", "*ʾeben*": "feminine noun, singular - stone", "*ʾeḥāt*": "number, feminine singular - one", "*tamlikû*": "verb, Hiphil imperfect with waw consecutive, 2nd person masculine plural - made king", "*ʾăbîmelek*": "proper noun - Abimelech", "*ben*": "masculine noun, construct state - son of", "*ʾămātô*": "feminine noun with pronominal suffix, 3rd person masculine singular - his maidservant", "*baʿălê*": "masculine plural noun, construct state - lords/masters/citizens of", "*šekem*": "proper noun - Shechem", "*kî*": "conjunction - because/for/that", "*ʾăḥîkem*": "masculine noun with pronominal suffix, 2nd person masculine plural - your brother" }, "variants": { "*qamtem*": "rose up against/rebelled against/attacked", "*bêt*": "house/household/family", "*tahargû*": "killed/slew/murdered", "*ʾîš*": "man/person/each one", "*tamlikû*": "made king/enthroned/crowned", "*ʾămātô*": "his maidservant/slave woman/concubine", "*baʿălê*": "lords of/citizens of/men of" } } 19 { "verseID": "Judges.9.19", "source": "וְאִם־בֶּאֱמֶ֨ת וּבְתָמִ֧ים עֲשִׂיתֶ֛ם עִם־יְרֻבַּ֥עַל וְעִם־בֵּית֖וֹ הַיּ֣וֹם הַזֶּ֑ה שִׂמְחוּ֙ בַּאֲבִימֶ֔לֶךְ וְיִשְׂמַ֥ח גַּם־ה֖וּא בָּכֶֽם׃", "text": "And-if in-*ʾemet* and-in-*tāmîm* you-*ʿăśîtem* with-*yĕrubbaʿal* and-with-*bêtô* *hayyôm* *hazzeh*, *śimḥû* in-*ʾăbîmelek* and-*yiśmaḥ* also-he in-you.", "grammar": { "*ʾemet*": "feminine noun, singular - truth", "*tāmîm*": "masculine noun, singular - completeness/integrity", "*ʿăśîtem*": "verb, Qal perfect, 2nd person masculine plural - you have done/acted", "*yĕrubbaʿal*": "proper noun - Jerubbaal (Gideon)", "*bêtô*": "noun with pronominal suffix, 3rd person masculine singular - his house", "*hayyôm*": "noun with definite article - the day", "*hazzeh*": "demonstrative pronoun with definite article - this", "*śimḥû*": "verb, Qal imperative, 2nd person masculine plural - rejoice", "*ʾăbîmelek*": "proper noun - Abimelech", "*yiśmaḥ*": "verb, Qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he will rejoice", "*gam*": "particle - also/too/even", "*hûʾ*": "independent personal pronoun, 3rd person masculine singular - he" }, "variants": { "*ʾemet*": "truth/faithfulness/reliability", "*tāmîm*": "integrity/completeness/uprightness/innocence", "*ʿăśîtem*": "you did/acted/performed/made", "*śimḥû*": "rejoice/be glad/celebrate", "*yiśmaḥ*": "he will rejoice/be glad/celebrate" } } 20 { "verseID": "Judges.9.20", "source": "וְאִם־אַ֕יִן תֵּ֤צֵא אֵשׁ֙ מֵאֲבִימֶ֔לֶךְ וְתֹאכַ֛ל אֶת־בַּעֲלֵ֥י שְׁכֶ֖ם וְאֶת־בֵּ֣ית מִלּ֑וֹא וְתֵצֵ֨א אֵ֜שׁ מִבַּעֲלֵ֤י שְׁכֶם֙ וּמִבֵּ֣ית מִלּ֔וֹא וְתֹאכַ֖ל אֶת־אֲבִימֶֽלֶךְ׃", "text": "And-if-*ʾayin* *tēṣēʾ* *ʾēš* from-*ʾăbîmelek* and-*tōʾkal* *ʾet*-*baʿălê* *šekem* and-*ʾet*-*bêt* *millôʾ*, and-*tēṣēʾ* *ʾēš* from-*baʿălê* *šekem* and-from-*bêt* *millôʾ* and-*tōʾkal* *ʾet*-*ʾăbîmelek*.", "grammar": { "*ʾayin*": "adverb of negation - not/no/none", "*tēṣēʾ*": "verb, Qal imperfect, 3rd person feminine singular - will come out/go forth", "*ʾēš*": "feminine noun, singular - fire", "*ʾăbîmelek*": "proper noun - Abimelech", "*tōʾkal*": "verb, Qal imperfect, 3rd person feminine singular - will consume/devour", "*baʿălê*": "masculine plural noun, construct state - lords/masters/citizens of", "*šekem*": "proper noun - Shechem", "*bêt*": "noun, construct state - house of", "*millôʾ*": "proper noun - Millo (a place)", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker" }, "variants": { "*ʾayin*": "not/if not/otherwise", "*tēṣēʾ*": "will come out/go forth/emerge", "*ʾēš*": "fire/flame", "*tōʾkal*": "will consume/devour/destroy", "*baʿălê*": "lords of/citizens of/men of", "*bêt*": "house of/place of/fortress of" } }
• 1 Sam 3:13 : 13 { "verseID": "1 Samuel.3.13", "source": "וְהִגַּ֣דְתִּי ל֔וֹ כִּֽי־שֹׁפֵ֥ט אֲנִ֛י אֶת־בֵּית֖וֹ עַד־עוֹלָ֑ם בַּעֲוֺ֣ן אֲשֶׁר־יָדַ֗ע כִּֽי־מְקַֽלְלִ֤ים לָהֶם֙ בָּנָ֔יו וְלֹ֥א כִהָ֖ה בָּֽם׃", "text": "And *wĕhiggadtî* to him that-*šōpēṭ* *ʾănî* *ʾet*-*bêtô* until-*ʿôlām* in the *ʿăwōn* which-*yādaʿ* that-*mĕqallĕlîm* to them *bānāyw* and not *kihâ* in them.", "grammar": { "*wĕhiggadtî*": "Hiphil perfect, 1st person singular with waw consecutive - and I will tell", "*šōpēṭ*": "Qal participle, masculine singular - judging", "*ʾănî*": "personal pronoun, 1st person singular - I", "*bêtô*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his house", "*ʿôlām*": "noun, masculine singular - forever/eternity", "*ʿăwōn*": "noun, masculine singular - iniquity/guilt", "*yādaʿ*": "Qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he knew", "*mĕqallĕlîm*": "Piel participle, masculine plural - cursing/despising", "*bānāyw*": "noun, masculine plural with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his sons", "*kihâ*": "Piel perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he restrained" }, "variants": { "*wĕhiggadtî*": "will tell/declare/inform", "*šōpēṭ*": "judging/punishing/ruling", "*bêtô*": "his house/household/family", "*ʿôlām*": "forever/eternity/perpetuity", "*ʿăwōn*": "iniquity/guilt/punishment/sin", "*yādaʿ*": "knew/was aware of/perceived", "*mĕqallĕlîm*": "cursing/despising/treating with contempt/blaspheming", "*kihâ*": "restrained/rebuked/stopped/prevented" } }
• 2 Sam 15:2-6 : 2 { "verseID": "2Samuel.15.2", "source": "וְהִשְׁכִּים֙ אַבְשָׁל֔וֹם וְעָמַ֕ד עַל־יַ֖ד דֶּ֣רֶךְ הַשָּׁ֑עַר וַיְהִ֡י כָּל־הָאִ֣ישׁ אֲשֶֽׁר־יִהְיֶה־לּוֹ־רִיב֩ לָב֨וֹא אֶל־הַמֶּ֜לֶךְ לַמִּשְׁפָּ֗ט וַיִּקְרָ֨א אַבְשָׁל֤וֹם אֵלָיו֙ וַיֹּ֗אמֶר אֵֽי־מִזֶּ֥ה עִיר֙ אַ֔תָּה וַיֹּ֕אמֶר מֵאַחַ֥ד שִׁבְטֵֽי־יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל עַבְדֶּֽךָ׃", "text": "*wə-hiškîm* *ʾAbšālôm* *wə-ʿāmad* at-*yad* *derek* *ha-šāʿar*; *wa-yəhî* all-*hā-ʾîš* who-*yihyê*-to-him-*rîb* to come to-*ha-melek* for-*mišpāṭ*, *wa-yiqrāʾ* *ʾAbšālôm* to him *wa-yōʾmer*, from-which *ʿîr* are you? *wa-yōʾmer*, from one *šibṭê*-*Yiśrāʾēl* your servant.", "grammar": { "*wə-hiškîm*": "conjunction + Hiphil perfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he rose early", "*wə-ʿāmad*": "conjunction + Qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he stood", "*yad*": "noun, feminine singular construct - side/hand of", "*derek*": "noun, masculine singular construct - way/road of", "*ha-šāʿar*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the gate", "*wa-yəhî*": "conjunction + imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and it was", "*hā-ʾîš*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the man", "*yihyê*": "imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - would be", "*rîb*": "noun, masculine singular - dispute/lawsuit", "*ha-melek*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the king", "*mišpāṭ*": "noun, masculine singular - judgment/justice", "*wa-yiqrāʾ*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he called", "*wa-yōʾmer*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he said", "*ʿîr*": "noun, feminine singular - city", "*šibṭê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - tribes of", "*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel" }, "variants": { "*hiškîm*": "rose early/started early/got up at dawn", "*yad*": "hand/side/place beside", "*rîb*": "dispute/lawsuit/legal case/quarrel", "*mišpāṭ*": "judgment/justice/legal decision" } } 3 { "verseID": "2Samuel.15.3", "source": "וַיֹּ֤אמֶר אֵלָיו֙ אַבְשָׁל֔וֹם רְאֵ֥ה דְבָרֶ֖ךָ טוֹבִ֣ים וּנְכֹחִ֑ים וְשֹׁמֵ֥עַ אֵין־לְךָ֖ מֵאֵ֥ת הַמֶּֽלֶךְ׃", "text": "*wa-yōʾmer* to him *ʾAbšālôm*, *rəʾēh* your *dəbārêkā* *ṭôbîm* and *nəkōḥîm*; and *šōmēaʿ* *ʾên*-to-you from *ʾēt* *ha-melek*.", "grammar": { "*wa-yōʾmer*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he said", "*rəʾēh*": "imperative, masculine singular - see/look", "*dəbārêkā*": "noun, masculine plural construct + 2nd masculine singular suffix - your words/matters", "*ṭôbîm*": "adjective, masculine plural - good", "*nəkōḥîm*": "adjective, masculine plural - right/correct/straight", "*šōmēaʿ*": "Qal participle, masculine singular - hearer/one who listens", "*ʾên*": "particle of negation - there is not", "*ʾēt*": "preposition - from", "*ha-melek*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the king" }, "variants": { "*dəbārêkā*": "your words/matters/case/arguments", "*ṭôbîm*": "good/right/valid", "*nəkōḥîm*": "right/proper/straight/just", "*šōmēaʿ*": "hearer/listener/one who gives attention" } } 4 { "verseID": "2Samuel.15.4", "source": "וַיֹּ֙אמֶר֙ אַבְשָׁל֔וֹם מִי־יְשִׂמֵ֥נִי שֹׁפֵ֖ט בָּאָ֑רֶץ וְעָלַ֗י יָב֛וֹא כָּל־אִ֛ישׁ אֲשֶֽׁר־יִהְיֶה־לּוֹ־רִ֥יב וּמִשְׁפָּ֖ט וְהִצְדַּקְתִּֽיו׃", "text": "*wa-yōʾmer* *ʾAbšālôm*, who-*yəśîmēnî* *šōpēṭ* in-*hā-ʾāreṣ*, and to me *yābôʾ* all-*ʾîš* who-*yihyê*-to-him-*rîb* and *mišpāṭ* and *wə-hiṣdaqtîw*.", "grammar": { "*wa-yōʾmer*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he said", "*yəśîmēnî*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular + 1st common singular suffix - would appoint me", "*šōpēṭ*": "Qal participle, masculine singular - judge", "*hā-ʾāreṣ*": "definite article + noun, feminine singular - the land", "*yābôʾ*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - would come", "*ʾîš*": "noun, masculine singular - man", "*yihyê*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - would have", "*rîb*": "noun, masculine singular - dispute", "*mišpāṭ*": "noun, masculine singular - legal case", "*wə-hiṣdaqtîw*": "conjunction + Hiphil perfect, 1st common singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - and I would give him justice" }, "variants": { "*yəśîmēnî*": "would appoint me/would set me/would make me", "*šōpēṭ*": "judge/ruler/governor", "*hā-ʾāreṣ*": "the land/the country/the earth", "*rîb*": "dispute/lawsuit/legal case", "*hiṣdaqtîw*": "would give him justice/would vindicate him/would declare him right" } } 5 { "verseID": "2Samuel.15.5", "source": "וְהָיָה֙ בִּקְרָב־אִ֔ישׁ לְהִשְׁתַּחֲוֺ֖ת ל֑וֹ וְשָׁלַ֧ח אֶת־יָד֛וֹ וְהֶחֱזִ֥יק ל֖וֹ וְנָ֥שַׁק לֽוֹ׃", "text": "*wə-hāyâ* in-*qərāb*-*ʾîš* *lə-hištaḥăwōt* to him, *wə-šālaḥ* *ʾet*-*yādô* *wə-heḥĕzîq* to him and *wə-nāšaq* to him.", "grammar": { "*wə-hāyâ*": "conjunction + Qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - and it happened", "*qərāb*": "infinitive construct - coming near", "*ʾîš*": "noun, masculine singular - man", "*lə-hištaḥăwōt*": "preposition + Hitpael infinitive construct - to bow down", "*wə-šālaḥ*": "conjunction + Qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he sent/extended", "*yādô*": "noun, feminine singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his hand", "*wə-heḥĕzîq*": "conjunction + Hiphil perfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he took hold", "*wə-nāšaq*": "conjunction + Qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he kissed" }, "variants": { "*qərāb*": "coming near/approaching", "*hištaḥăwōt*": "to bow down/to prostrate oneself/to pay homage", "*šālaḥ*": "sent/extended/stretched out", "*heḥĕzîq*": "took hold/grasped/embraced", "*nāšaq*": "kissed/greeted" } } 6 { "verseID": "2Samuel.15.6", "source": "וַיַּ֨עַשׂ אַבְשָׁל֜וֹם כַּדָּבָ֤ר הַזֶּה֙ לְכָל־יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל אֲשֶׁר־יָבֹ֥אוּ לַמִּשְׁפָּ֖ט אֶל־הַמֶּ֑לֶךְ וַיְגַנֵּב֙ אַבְשָׁל֔וֹם אֶת־לֵ֖ב אַנְשֵׁ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃", "text": "*wa-yaʿaś* *ʾAbšālôm* as-*ha-dābār* *ha-zeh* to-all-*Yiśrāʾēl* who-*yābōʾû* for-*ha-mišpāṭ* to-*ha-melek*; *wa-yəgannēb* *ʾAbšālôm* *ʾet*-*lēb* *ʾanšê* *Yiśrāʾēl*.", "grammar": { "*wa-yaʿaś*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he did", "*ha-dābār*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the thing/matter", "*ha-zeh*": "definite article + demonstrative pronoun, masculine singular - this", "*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*yābōʾû*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - would come", "*ha-mišpāṭ*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the judgment", "*ha-melek*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the king", "*wa-yəgannēb*": "conjunction + Piel imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he stole", "*lēb*": "noun, masculine singular construct - heart of", "*ʾanšê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - men of" }, "variants": { "*dābār*": "thing/matter/word/action", "*yābōʾû*": "would come/came/were coming", "*mišpāṭ*": "judgment/justice/legal case", "*yəgannēb*": "stole/won over/captured/deceived", "*lēb*": "heart/mind/affection/loyalty" } }
• Ps 12:8 : 8 { "verseID": "Psalms.12.8", "source": "אַתָּֽה־יְהוָ֥ה תִּשְׁמְרֵ֑ם תִּצְּרֶ֓נּוּ ׀ מִן־הַדּ֖וֹר ז֣וּ לְעוֹלָֽם׃", "text": "You *YHWH* *tišmərēm* *tiṣṣərenûšnû* from the *dôr* *zû* to *ʿôlām*", "grammar": { "*ʾattāh*": "2nd person masculine singular pronoun - you", "*YHWH*": "proper name - LORD", "*tišmərēm*": "qal imperfect, 2nd person masculine singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - you will keep them", "*tiṣṣərenûšnû*": "qal imperfect, 2nd person masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - you will preserve him/it", "*dôr*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - the generation", "*zû*": "demonstrative pronoun - this", "*ʿôlām*": "masculine singular noun with prefixed preposition - forever/eternally" }, "variants": { "*tišmərēm*": "keep them/guard them/protect them", "*tiṣṣərenûšnû*": "preserve us/protect him/guard it", "*dôr zû*": "this generation/such a generation", "*ʿôlām*": "forever/eternally/without end" } }
• Ps 15:4 : 4 { "verseID": "Psalms.15.4", "source": "נִבְזֶ֤ה ׀ בְּֽעֵ֘ינָ֤יו נִמְאָ֗ס וְאֶת־יִרְאֵ֣י יְהוָ֣ה יְכַבֵּ֑ד נִשְׁבַּ֥ע לְ֝הָרַ֗ע וְלֹ֣א יָמִֽר׃", "text": "*Nibzeh* in-*ʿênāyw nimʾās*, and-*yirʾê YHWH yĕkabbēd*; *nišbaʿ lĕhāraʿ* and-not *yāmīr*.", "grammar": { "*Nibzeh*": "verb, niphal participle, masculine singular - despised/rejected", "*ʿênāyw*": "noun, feminine dual with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his eyes", "*nimʾās*": "verb, niphal participle, masculine singular - rejected/despised/disdained", "*yirʾê*": "adjective construct plural - fearers of/those who fear", "*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name - LORD", "*yĕkabbēd*": "verb, piel imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - honors/glorifies", "*nišbaʿ*": "verb, niphal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - swears/takes an oath", "*lĕhāraʿ*": "preposition + verb, hiphil infinitive construct - to harm/to his hurt", "*yāmīr*": "verb, hiphil imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - changes/exchanges/alters" }, "variants": { "*Nibzeh bĕʿênāyw nimʾās*": "in his eyes the despised one is rejected/he despises vile persons/despicable in his eyes is disdained", "*yirʾê YHWH yĕkabbēd*": "those who fear YHWH he honors/he honors those who fear the LORD", "*nišbaʿ lĕhāraʿ*": "swears to his own hurt/takes an oath to his detriment/promises to his disadvantage", "*lōʾ yāmīr*": "does not change/will not alter/does not go back on it" } }
• Ps 55:21 : 21 { "verseID": "Psalms.55.21", "source": "שָׁלַ֣ח יָ֭דָיו בִּשְׁלֹמָ֗יו חִלֵּ֥ל בְּרִיתֽוֹ׃", "text": "He *šālaḥ yādāyw* against *šəlōmāyw ḥillēl bərîtô*", "grammar": { "*šālaḥ*": "qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he has sent", "*yādāyw*": "feminine dual noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his hands", "*šəlōmāyw*": "masculine plural noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix and prefixed preposition beth (against) - against his friends", "*ḥillēl*": "piel perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he has profaned", "*bərîtô*": "feminine singular noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his covenant" }, "variants": { "*šālaḥ*": "he has sent/he stretched forth/he put forth", "*yādāyw*": "his hands", "*šəlōmāyw*": "his friends/those at peace with him/his allies", "*ḥillēl*": "he has profaned/he has violated/he has broken", "*bərîtô*": "his covenant/his agreement" } }
• Isa 32:5 : 5 { "verseID": "Isaiah.32.5", "source": "לֹֽא־יִקָּרֵ֥א ע֛וֹד לְנָבָ֖ל נָדִ֑יב וּלְכִילַ֕י לֹ֥א יֵֽאָמֵ֖ר שֽׁוֹעַ׃", "text": "Not-shall-*qārāʾ* again to-*nābāl* *nādîb* and-to-*kîlay* not shall-*ʾāmar* *šôaʿ*.", "grammar": { "*qārāʾ*": "niphal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - will be called", "*nābāl*": "masculine singular noun - fool, senseless person", "*nādîb*": "masculine singular noun - noble, generous one", "*kîlay*": "masculine singular noun - stingy, miser", "*ʾāmar*": "niphal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - will be said", "*šôaʿ*": "masculine singular noun - noble, wealthy" }, "variants": { "*qārāʾ*": "to call/name/proclaim", "*nābāl*": "fool/senseless person/morally deficient person", "*nādîb*": "noble/generous one/willing person", "*kîlay*": "stingy person/miser/churl", "*ʾāmar*": "to say/speak/tell", "*šôaʿ*": "noble/wealthy/respected person" } }
• Dan 7:8 : 8 { "verseID": "Daniel.7.8", "source": "מִשְׂתַּכַּ֨ל הֲוֵ֜ית בְּקַרְנַיָּ֗א וַ֠אֲלוּ קֶ֣רֶן אָחֳרִ֤י זְעֵירָה֙ סִלְקָ֣ת בֵּֽינֵיהֵ֔ן וּתְלָ֗ת מִן־קַרְנַיָּא֙ קַדְמָ֣יָתָ֔א אֶתְעֲקַ֖רָה מִן־קֳדָמַ֑הּ וַאֲל֨וּ עַיְנִ֜ין כְּעַיְנֵ֤י אֲנָשָׁא֙ בְּקַרְנָא־דָ֔א וּפֻ֖ם מְמַלִּ֥ל רַבְרְבָֽן׃", "text": "*miśtakkal* *hăwēyt* at-*qarnayāʾ*, and-*ʾălû* *qeren* *ʾoḥŏrî* *zəʿêrāh* *silqat* *bênêhēn*, and-*təlāt* from-*qarnayāʾ* *qadmāyātāʾ* *ʾetʿăqarāh* from-*qŏdāmah*; and-*ʾălû* *ʿaynin* like-*ʿaynê* *ʾănāšāʾ* in-*qarnāʾ*-this, and-*pum* *məmallil* *rabrəbān*.", "grammar": { "*miśtakkal*": "verb, participle, masculine singular - considering", "*hăwēyt*": "verb, perfect, 1st person singular - I was", "*qarnayāʾ*": "noun, feminine plural + definite article - the horns", "*ʾălû*": "demonstrative particle - behold", "*qeren*": "noun, feminine singular - horn", "*ʾoḥŏrî*": "adjective, feminine singular - another", "*zəʿêrāh*": "adjective, feminine singular - little/small", "*silqat*": "verb, perfect, 3rd person feminine singular - came up", "*bênêhēn*": "preposition + 3rd person feminine plural suffix - among them", "*təlāt*": "cardinal number, feminine - three", "*qadmāyātāʾ*": "adjective, feminine plural + definite article - the first", "*ʾetʿăqarāh*": "verb, perfect passive, 3rd person feminine singular - were plucked up", "*qŏdāmah*": "preposition + 3rd person feminine singular suffix - before it", "*ʿaynin*": "noun, feminine plural - eyes", "*ʿaynê*": "noun, feminine plural construct - eyes of", "*ʾănāšāʾ*": "noun, masculine singular - man/human", "*qarnāʾ*": "noun, feminine singular + definite article - the horn", "*pum*": "noun, masculine singular - mouth", "*məmallil*": "verb, participle, masculine singular - speaking", "*rabrəbān*": "adjective, feminine plural - great things" }, "variants": { "*miśtakkal*": "considering/observing/contemplating", "*ʾoḥŏrî*": "another/other", "*zəʿêrāh*": "little/small", "*silqat*": "came up/rose up/ascended", "*ʾetʿăqarāh*": "were plucked up/were uprooted", "*ʿaynin*": "eyes", "*məmallil*": "speaking/talking/uttering", "*rabrəbān*": "great things/boastful things" } }
• Dan 8:9 : 9 { "verseID": "Daniel.8.9", "source": "וּמִן־הָאַחַ֣ת מֵהֶ֔ם יָצָ֥א קֶֽרֶן־אַחַ֖ת מִצְּעִירָ֑ה וַתִּגְדַּל־יֶ֛תֶר אֶל־הַנֶּ֥גֶב וְאֶל־הַמִּזְרָ֖ח וְאֶל־הַצֶּֽבִי׃", "text": "And-from-the-*ʾaḥaṯ* from-them *yāṣāʾ* *qeren*-*ʾaḥaṯ* *miṣṣᵊʿîrâ*, and-*tiḡdal*-*yeṯer* toward-the-*neḡeḇ* and-toward-the-*mizrāḥ* and-toward-the-*ṣeḇî*.", "grammar": { "*ʾaḥaṯ*": "numeral, feminine, singular with definite article - the one", "*yāṣāʾ*": "qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - came out/went forth", "*qeren*": "noun, feminine, singular construct - horn of", "*ʾaḥaṯ*": "numeral, feminine, singular - one", "*miṣṣᵊʿîrâ*": "adjective, feminine, singular with prefix preposition - from small", "*tiḡdal*": "qal imperfect, 3rd person feminine singular with waw consecutive - and it grew", "*yeṯer*": "noun, masculine, singular - excess/extraordinarily", "*neḡeḇ*": "noun, masculine, singular with definite article - the south", "*mizrāḥ*": "noun, masculine, singular with definite article - the east", "*ṣeḇî*": "noun, masculine, singular with definite article - the beauty/glory" }, "variants": { "*ʾaḥaṯ*": "one/single", "*yāṣāʾ*": "came out/went forth/emerged", "*qeren*": "horn/power", "*miṣṣᵊʿîrâ*": "from small/little/minor", "*tiḡdal*": "grew/became large/increased", "*yeṯer*": "excess/extraordinarily/exceedingly", "*neḡeḇ*": "south/southern region", "*mizrāḥ*": "east/eastern region", "*ṣeḇî*": "beauty/glory/beautiful land (possibly referring to Israel)" } }
• Dan 8:23 : 23 { "verseID": "Daniel.8.23", "source": "וּֽבְאַחֲרִית֙ מַלְכוּתָ֔ם כְּהָתֵ֖ם הַפֹּשְׁעִ֑ים יַעֲמֹ֛ד מֶ֥לֶךְ עַז־פָּנִ֖ים וּמֵבִ֥ין חִידֽוֹת׃", "text": "And-in-*ʾaḥărîṯ* *malḵûṯām* when-*hāṯēm* the-*pōšᵊʿîm*, *yaʿămōḏ* *meleḵ* *ʿaz*-*pānîm* and-*mēḇîn* *ḥîḏôṯ*.", "grammar": { "*ʾaḥărîṯ*": "noun, feminine, singular construct - latter part of", "*malḵûṯām*": "noun, feminine, singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their kingdom", "*hāṯēm*": "qal infinitive construct - completing/fulfilling", "*pōšᵊʿîm*": "qal participle, masculine, plural with definite article - the transgressors", "*yaʿămōḏ*": "qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - will stand/arise", "*meleḵ*": "noun, masculine, singular - king", "*ʿaz*": "adjective, masculine, singular construct - fierce of", "*pānîm*": "noun, masculine, plural - face", "*mēḇîn*": "hiphil participle, masculine, singular - understanding", "*ḥîḏôṯ*": "noun, feminine, plural - riddles/dark sayings" }, "variants": { "*ʾaḥărîṯ*": "latter part/end/final period", "*malḵûṯām*": "their kingdom/their reign", "*hāṯēm*": "completing/fulfilling/reaching full measure", "*pōšᵊʿîm*": "transgressors/rebels/sinners", "*yaʿămōḏ*": "will stand/will arise/will appear", "*meleḵ*": "king/ruler", "*ʿaz*": "fierce/strong/bold", "*pānîm*": "face/countenance", "*mēḇîn*": "understanding/skilled in/expert in", "*ḥîḏôṯ*": "riddles/dark sayings/enigmas" } }