Verse 4

{ "verseID": "Daniel.11.4", "source": "וּכְעָמְדוֹ֙ תִּשָּׁבֵ֣ר מַלְכוּת֔וֹ וְתֵחָ֕ץ לְאַרְבַּ֖ע רוּח֣וֹת הַשָּׁמָ֑יִם וְלֹ֣א לְאַחֲרִית֗וֹ וְלֹ֤א כְמָשְׁלוֹ֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר מָשָׁ֔ל כִּ֤י תִנָּתֵשׁ֙ מַלְכוּת֔וֹ וְלַאֲחֵרִ֖ים מִלְּבַד־אֵֽלֶּה׃", "text": "*ûḵəʿāməḏô* *tiššāḇēr* *malḵûtô* and *tēḥāṣ* to *ʾarbaʿ* *rûḥôt* the *šāmāyim* and not to *ʾaḥărîtô* and not as *ḵəmāšlô* which *māšāl* for *tinnātēš* *malḵûtô* and to *laʾăḥērîm* from *milləḇaḏ-ʾēlleh*", "grammar": { "*ûḵəʿāməḏô*": "conjunction + preposition + Qal infinitive construct + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - and when he stands", "*tiššāḇēr*": "verb, Niphal imperfect, 3rd person feminine singular - will be broken", "*malḵûtô*": "noun, feminine singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his kingdom", "*tēḥāṣ*": "verb, Niphal imperfect, 3rd person feminine singular - will be divided", "*ʾarbaʿ*": "cardinal number, feminine - four", "*rûḥôt*": "noun, feminine plural construct - winds/directions of", "*šāmāyim*": "noun, masculine plural - heavens/sky", "*ʾaḥărîtô*": "noun, feminine singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his posterity/descendants", "*ḵəmāšlô*": "preposition + noun + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - according to his dominion", "*māšāl*": "verb, Qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he ruled", "*tinnātēš*": "verb, Niphal imperfect, 3rd person feminine singular - will be uprooted/plucked up", "*malḵûtô*": "noun, feminine singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his kingdom", "*laʾăḥērîm*": "preposition + adjective, masculine plural - to others", "*milləḇaḏ-ʾēlleh*": "preposition + preposition + demonstrative pronoun, plural - besides these" }, "variants": { "*tiššāḇēr*": "will be broken/will be shattered", "*tēḥāṣ*": "will be divided/will be split", "*rûḥôt*": "winds/directions/quarters", "*ʾaḥărîtô*": "his posterity/his descendants/his offspring", "*tinnātēš*": "will be uprooted/will be plucked up/will be torn away", "*milləḇaḏ-ʾēlleh*": "besides these/except for these" } }

Other Translations

• GT, oversatt fra Hebraisk

  Men når han trår frem, skal riket hans bli delt opp mellom de fire vindene, og det skal ikke tilfalle etterfølgerne hans, for det skal bli revet bort og gitt til andre.

• Moderne oversettelse av Bibelen fra 1611 KJV med hebraisk kontekst

  Og når han har stått fram, skal hans rike bli knust, og delt i de fire himmelretningene; og ikke til hans etterkommere, heller ikke i den makt som han hersket: for hans rike skal bli rykket opp og gitt til andre utenom dem.

• Norsk King James

  Når han reiser seg, skal hans rike bli knust og delt opp mot de fire himmelretningene. Det skal ikke gis til hans etterkommere, eller i henhold til hans herredømme. Hans rike skal bli fjernet og gitt til andre.

• Modernisert Norsk Bibel 1866

  Men når han står fast, skal riket hans brytes opp og deles mot de fire himmelretninger, men ikke til hans etterkommere eller med den makt han selv hadde. Riket hans skal bli revet opp og bli delt til andre.

• Oversettelse av hebraiske Bibeltekster til moderne norsk bokmål

  Men så snart han har reist seg, vil hans rike bli delt og spredd mot de fire himmelretningene. Det vil ikke tilfalle hans etterkommere eller være like mektig som hans styre, for hans rike blir revet bort og gitt til andre utenfor hans slekt.

• Bibelen: En Moderne Oversettelse av King James Version 1611

  Men når han reiser seg, skal hans rike bli ødelagt og delt mot de fire vindene under himmelen; ikke til hans etterkommere, og ikke i henhold til det rike han hersket over: for hans rike skal tas vekk, til fordel for andre bortsett fra dem.

• o3-mini KJV Norsk

  Og når han reiser seg, skal hans rike splittes og deles ut mot alle himmelens fire retninger; det skal verken tilfalle hans etterkommere eller beholdes i samsvar med den makt han utøvde, for hans rike skal bli revet bort, også til fordel for andre.

• En Moderne Oversettelse av King James Version 1611 (mar 2025)

  Men når han reiser seg, skal hans rike bli ødelagt og delt mot de fire vindene under himmelen; ikke til hans etterkommere, og ikke i henhold til det rike han hersket over: for hans rike skal tas vekk, til fordel for andre bortsett fra dem.

• Lingvistisk bibeloversettelse fra grunntekst

  Men så snart han har tatt sitt standpunkt, skal riket hans bli brutt opp og delt mot de fire himmelretningene. Ikke til etterkommerne hans eller som hans tidligere makt, for riket skal bli rykket opp og gis til andre enn dem.

• Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts

  But as soon as he has risen, his kingdom will be broken apart and divided toward the four winds of heaven. It will not go to his descendants and will not have the same authority he ruled with, for his kingdom will be uprooted and given to others.

• GT, oversatt fra hebraisk Aug2024

  Men så snart han har reist seg, skal hans rike brytes opp og deles mot de fire himmelretninger, uten å gå til hans etterkommere eller med den makt han hadde, for hans rike skal rives opp og gis til andre enn disse.

• Original Norsk Bibel 1866

  Og naar han haver staaet, skal hans Rige sønderbrydes og deles imod de fire Himmelens Vinde, dog ikke paa hans Efterkommere, ei heller efter hans Herredom, med hvilket han herskede; thi hans Rige skal oprykkes (og blive) Andre end disse til (Deel).

• King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)

  And when he shall stand up, his kingdom shall be broken, and shall be divided toward the four winds of heaven; and not to his posterity, nor according to his dominion which he ruled: for his kingdom shall be plucked up, even for others beside those.

• KJV 1769 norsk

  Når han står frem, skal riket hans bli brutt opp og delt mot de fire himmelretninger, men ikke til hans etterkommere, og ikke med den makten han hersket med; for riket hans skal bli revet opp og gitt til andre.

• KJV1611 - Moderne engelsk

  And when he stands up, his kingdom shall be broken and divided toward the four winds of heaven; not to his descendants, nor according to his dominion which he ruled: for his kingdom shall be uprooted, even for others besides them.

• King James Version 1611 (Original)

  And when he shall stand up, his kingdom shall be broken, and shall be divided toward the four winds of heaven; and not to his posterity, nor according to his dominion which he ruled: for his kingdom shall be plucked up, even for others beside those.

• Norsk oversettelse av Webster

  Men når han står fram, skal hans rike bli brutt opp og delt mot de fire himmelretninger, men ikke til hans etterkommere eller i samsvar med den makt han hadde; for hans rike skal bli revet opp, og det skal bli gitt til andre enn dem.

• Norsk oversettelse av Youngs Literal Translation

  Men når han har fått makten, skal riket hans bli brutt opp og delt i alle himmelens retninger, men ikke til hans etterkommere, og heller ikke slik som hans rike var. Det skal rives bort og gis til andre enn dem.

• Norsk oversettelse av ASV1901

  Men når han står opp, skal hans rike bli brutt opp og delt mot himmelens fire vinder, men ikke til hans etterkommere, og heller ikke etter det herredømme han hersket over. For hans rike skal bli rykket opp, til fordel for andre enn disse.

• Norsk oversettelse av BBE

  Når han er blitt sterk, vil hans rike bli brutt opp og delt til himmelens fire vinder, men ikke til hans etterkommere; det vil bli rykket opp, og hans rike vil bli for de andre og ikke for disse; men ikke med samme autoritet som hans.

• Coverdale Bible (1535)

  And as soone as his kingdome commeth vp, it shalbe destroyed, & deuyded towarde ye foure wyndes of the heauen. They yt come after him, shall not haue soch power & dominion as he: but his kingdome shalbe scatred, yee euen amonge other the those.

• Geneva Bible (1560)

  And when he shal stand vp, his kingdome shall be broken, and shall be deuided towarde the foure windes of heauen: and not to his posteritie, nor according to his dominion, which he ruled: for his kingdome shall be pluckt vp, euen to be for others besides those.

• Bishops' Bible (1568)

  And when he shal stand vp, his kingdome shalbe broken, & shalbe deuided toward the foure windes of the heauen, and not toward his posteritie, nor according to his dominion which he ruled: for his kingdome shalbe pluckt vp, euen for others besides these.

• Authorized King James Version (1611)

  And when he shall stand up, his kingdom shall be broken, and shall be divided toward the four winds of heaven; and not to his posterity, nor according to his dominion which he ruled: for his kingdom shall be plucked up, even for others beside those.

• Webster's Bible (1833)

  When he shall stand up, his kingdom shall be broken, and shall be divided toward the four winds of the sky, but not to his posterity, nor according to his dominion with which he ruled; for his kingdom shall be plucked up, even for others besides these.

• Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

  and according to his standing is his kingdom broken, and divided to the four winds of the heavens, and not to his posterity, nor according to his dominion that he ruled, for his kingdom is plucked up -- and for others apart from these.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  And when he shall stand up, his kingdom shall be broken, and shall be divided toward the four winds of heaven, but not to his posterity, nor according to his dominion wherewith he ruled; for his kingdom shall be plucked up, even for others besides these.

• Bible in Basic English (1941)

  And when he has become strong, his kingdom will be broken and parted to the four winds of heaven; but not to his offspring, for it will be uprooted; and his kingdom will be for the others and not for these: but not with the same authority as his.

• World English Bible (2000)

  When he shall stand up, his kingdom shall be broken, and shall be divided toward the four winds of the sky, but not to his posterity, nor according to his dominion with which he ruled; for his kingdom shall be plucked up, even for others besides these.

• NET Bible® (New English Translation)

  Shortly after his rise to power, his kingdom will be broken up and distributed toward the four winds of the sky– but not to his posterity or with the authority he exercised, for his kingdom will be uprooted and distributed to others besides these.

Referenced Verses

• Dan 8:8 : 8 { "verseID": "Daniel.8.8", "source": "וּצְפִ֥יר הָעִזִּ֖ים הִגְדִּ֣יל עַד־מְאֹ֑ד וּכְעָצְמ֗וֹ נִשְׁבְּרָה֙ הַקֶּ֣רֶן הַגְּדוֹלָ֔ה וַֽתַּעֲלֶ֜נָה חָז֤וּת אַרְבַּע֙ תַּחְתֶּ֔יהָ לְאַרְבַּ֖ע רוּח֥וֹת הַשָּׁמָֽיִם׃", "text": "And-*ṣᵊpîr* the-*ʿizzîm* *hiḡdîl* unto-*mᵊʾōḏ*, and-in-*ʿāṣmô* *nišbᵊrâ* the-*qeren* the-*gᵊḏôlâ*, and-*taʿălènâ* *ḥāzûṯ* *ʾarbaʿ* *taḥtèhā* to-*ʾarbaʿ* *rûḥôṯ* the-*šāmāyim*.", "grammar": { "*ṣᵊpîr*": "noun, masculine, singular construct - male goat of", "*ʿizzîm*": "noun, feminine, plural with definite article - the goats", "*hiḡdîl*": "hiphil perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he magnified himself", "*mᵊʾōḏ*": "adverb - very much/exceedingly", "*ʿāṣmô*": "noun, masculine, singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his might", "*nišbᵊrâ*": "niphal perfect, 3rd person feminine singular - was broken", "*qeren*": "noun, feminine, singular with definite article - the horn", "*gᵊḏôlâ*": "adjective, feminine, singular with definite article - the great", "*taʿălènâ*": "qal imperfect, 3rd person feminine plural with waw consecutive - and they came up", "*ḥāzûṯ*": "noun, feminine, singular construct - conspicuousness of", "*ʾarbaʿ*": "numeral, feminine - four", "*taḥtèhā*": "preposition with 3rd person feminine singular suffix - under it", "*rûḥôṯ*": "noun, feminine, plural construct - winds/directions of", "*šāmāyim*": "noun, masculine, dual with definite article - the heavens" }, "variants": { "*ṣᵊpîr*": "he-goat/male goat/buck", "*ʿizzîm*": "goats", "*hiḡdîl*": "magnified himself/became great/exalted himself", "*mᵊʾōḏ*": "exceedingly/greatly/very much", "*ʿāṣmô*": "his might/strength/power", "*nišbᵊrâ*": "was broken/shattered/snapped", "*qeren*": "horn", "*gᵊḏôlâ*": "great/large/important", "*taʿălènâ*": "came up/grew/emerged", "*ḥāzûṯ*": "conspicuous/notable/prominent", "*ʾarbaʿ*": "four", "*taḥtèhā*": "under it/in its place", "*rûḥôṯ*": "winds/directions/quarters", "*šāmāyim*": "heavens/sky" } }
• Dan 8:22 : 22 { "verseID": "Daniel.8.22", "source": "וְהַ֨נִּשְׁבֶּ֔רֶת וַתַּֽעֲמֹ֥דְנָה אַרְבַּ֖ע תַּחְתֶּ֑יהָ אַרְבַּ֧ע מַלְכֻי֛וֹת מִגּ֥וֹי יַעֲמֹ֖דְנָה וְלֹ֥א בְכֹחֽוֹ׃", "text": "And-the-*nišbereṯ*, and-*taʿămōḏnâ* *ʾarbaʿ* *taḥtèhā* - *ʾarbaʿ* *malḵuyôṯ* from-*gôy* *yaʿămōḏnâ* and-not in-*ḵōḥô*.", "grammar": { "*nišbereṯ*": "niphal participle, feminine, singular with definite article - the broken", "*taʿămōḏnâ*": "qal imperfect, 3rd person feminine plural with waw consecutive - and they stood", "*ʾarbaʿ*": "numeral, feminine - four", "*taḥtèhā*": "preposition with 3rd person feminine singular suffix - under it", "*ʾarbaʿ*": "numeral, feminine - four", "*malḵuyôṯ*": "noun, feminine, plural - kingdoms", "*gôy*": "noun, masculine, singular - nation", "*yaʿămōḏnâ*": "qal imperfect, 3rd person feminine plural - they will stand", "*ḵōḥô*": "noun, masculine, singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his strength" }, "variants": { "*nišbereṯ*": "broken/shattered one", "*taʿămōḏnâ*": "stood/arose/emerged", "*ʾarbaʿ*": "four", "*taḥtèhā*": "under it/in its place", "*malḵuyôṯ*": "kingdoms/realms/dominions", "*gôy*": "nation/people", "*yaʿămōḏnâ*": "will stand/will arise/will emerge", "*ḵōḥô*": "his strength/his power/his might" } }
• Jer 12:17 : 17 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.12.17", "source": "וְאִ֖ם לֹ֣א יִשְׁמָ֑עוּ וְנָ֨תַשְׁתִּ֜י אֶת־הַגּ֥וֹי הַה֛וּא נָת֥וֹשׁ וְאַבֵּ֖ד נְאֻם־יְהוָֽה׃ ס", "text": "*wə*-if not they-*yišmāʿû* *wə*-I-will-*nātaštî* *ʾet*-*haggôy* *hahûʾ* *nātôš* *wə*-*ʾabbēd* *nəʾum*-*YHWH*", "grammar": { "*wə*": "conjunction - and", "*yišmāʿû*": "verb, Qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural - they will hear/obey", "*nātaštî*": "verb, Qal perfect, 1st person singular - I will pluck up", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*haggôy*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the nation", "*hahûʾ*": "pronoun, masculine singular - that", "*nātôš*": "verb, Qal infinitive absolute - utterly plucking up", "*ʾabbēd*": "verb, Piel infinitive absolute - destroying", "*nəʾum*": "noun, masculine singular construct - declaration of", "*YHWH*": "divine name - LORD" }, "variants": { "*yišmāʿû*": "hear/listen/obey", "*nātôš wəʾabbēd*": "utterly pluck up and destroy/completely uproot and demolish", "*nəʾum-YHWH*": "declaration of YHWH/says the LORD" } }
• Jer 18:7 : 7 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.18.7", "source": "רֶ֣גַע אֲדַבֵּ֔ר עַל־גּ֖וֹי וְעַל־מַמְלָכָ֑ה לִנְת֥וֹשׁ וְלִנְת֖וֹץ וּֽלְהַאֲבִֽיד׃", "text": "*Regaʿ* I *ʾădabbēr* concerning-*gôy* and concerning-*mamlākāh* to *lintôš* and to *lintôṣ* and to *lĕhaʾăbîd*", "grammar": { "*Regaʿ*": "noun, masculine singular - moment/instant", "*ʾădabbēr*": "verb, piel imperfect, 1st person singular - I speak/declare", "*gôy*": "noun, masculine singular - nation/people", "*mamlākāh*": "noun, feminine singular - kingdom/dominion", "*lintôš*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct - to uproot/pluck up", "*lintôṣ*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct - to tear down/demolish", "*lĕhaʾăbîd*": "preposition + hiphil infinitive construct - to destroy/cause to perish" }, "variants": { "*Regaʿ*": "moment/instant/suddenly", "*ʾădabbēr*": "I speak/declare/pronounce", "*gôy*": "nation/people/gentiles", "*mamlākāh*": "kingdom/realm/dominion", "*lintôš*": "to uproot/pluck up/tear out", "*lintôṣ*": "to break down/demolish/tear down", "*lĕhaʾăbîd*": "to destroy/exterminate/cause to perish" } }
• Dan 7:2 : 2 { "verseID": "Daniel.7.2", "source": "עָנֵ֤ה דָנִיֵּאל֙ וְאָמַ֔ר חָזֵ֥ה הֲוֵ֛ית בְּחֶזְוִ֖י עִם־לֵֽילְיָ֑א וַאֲר֗וּ אַרְבַּע֙ רוּחֵ֣י שְׁמַיָּ֔א מְגִיחָ֖ן לְיַמָּ֥א רַבָּֽא׃", "text": "*ʿānēh* *dāniyyēʾl* and-*ʾāmar*, *ḥāzēh* *hăwēyt* in-*ḥezwî* with-*lēyləyāʾ*; and-*ʾărû* *ʾarbaʿ* *rûḥê* *šəmayyāʾ* *məgîḥān* to-*yammāʾ* *rabbāʾ*.", "grammar": { "*ʿānēh*": "verb, perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - answered", "*dāniyyēʾl*": "proper noun - Daniel", "*ʾāmar*": "verb, perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - said", "*ḥāzēh*": "verb, participle, masculine singular - seeing", "*hăwēyt*": "verb, perfect, 1st person singular - I was", "*ḥezwî*": "noun, masculine singular + 1st person singular suffix - my vision", "*lēyləyāʾ*": "noun, masculine singular + definite article - the night", "*ʾărû*": "demonstrative particle - behold", "*ʾarbaʿ*": "cardinal number, feminine - four", "*rûḥê*": "noun, feminine plural construct - winds of", "*šəmayyāʾ*": "noun, masculine plural + definite article - the heavens", "*məgîḥān*": "verb, participle, feminine plural - breaking forth/stirring up", "*yammāʾ*": "noun, masculine singular + definite article - the sea", "*rabbāʾ*": "adjective, masculine singular - great" }, "variants": { "*ʿānēh*": "answered/responded/began speaking", "*ḥāzēh*": "seeing/beholding/perceiving", "*hăwēyt*": "I was/I became", "*ḥezwî*": "my vision/my sight", "*ʾărû*": "behold/lo", "*rûḥê*": "winds/spirits", "*məgîḥān*": "breaking forth/stirring up/bursting forth" } }
• Jer 12:15 : 15 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.12.15", "source": "וְהָיָ֗ה אַֽחֲרֵי֙ נָתְשִׁ֣י אוֹתָ֔ם אָשׁ֖וּב וְרִֽחַמְתִּ֑ים וַהֲשִׁבֹתִ֛ים אִ֥ישׁ לְנַחֲלָת֖וֹ וְאִ֥ישׁ לְאַרְצֽוֹ׃", "text": "*wə*-*hāyāh* after-my-*nātəšî* them I-will-*ʾāšûb* *wə*-*riḥamtîm* *wa*-I-will-*hăšibōtîm* *ʾîš* to-his-*naḥălātô* *wə*-*ʾîš* to-his-*ʾarṣô*", "grammar": { "*wə*": "conjunction - and", "*hāyāh*": "verb, Qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - it will be", "*nātəšî*": "verb, Qal infinitive construct with 1st person singular suffix - my plucking up", "*ʾāšûb*": "verb, Qal imperfect, 1st person singular - I will return", "*riḥamtîm*": "verb, Piel perfect, 1st person singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - I will have compassion on them", "*wa*": "conjunction - and", "*hăšibōtîm*": "verb, Hiphil perfect, 1st person singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - I will bring them back", "*ʾîš*": "noun, masculine singular - man/each one", "*naḥălātô*": "noun, feminine singular construct with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his inheritance", "*ʾarṣô*": "noun, feminine singular construct with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his land" }, "variants": { "*nātəšî*": "plucking up/uprooting", "*ʾāšûb*": "return/turn back/relent", "*riḥamtîm*": "have compassion on them/show mercy to them", "*hăšibōtîm*": "bring them back/return them/restore them" } }
• Dan 7:8 : 8 { "verseID": "Daniel.7.8", "source": "מִשְׂתַּכַּ֨ל הֲוֵ֜ית בְּקַרְנַיָּ֗א וַ֠אֲלוּ קֶ֣רֶן אָחֳרִ֤י זְעֵירָה֙ סִלְקָ֣ת בֵּֽינֵיהֵ֔ן וּתְלָ֗ת מִן־קַרְנַיָּא֙ קַדְמָ֣יָתָ֔א אֶתְעֲקַ֖רָה מִן־קֳדָמַ֑הּ וַאֲל֨וּ עַיְנִ֜ין כְּעַיְנֵ֤י אֲנָשָׁא֙ בְּקַרְנָא־דָ֔א וּפֻ֖ם מְמַלִּ֥ל רַבְרְבָֽן׃", "text": "*miśtakkal* *hăwēyt* at-*qarnayāʾ*, and-*ʾălû* *qeren* *ʾoḥŏrî* *zəʿêrāh* *silqat* *bênêhēn*, and-*təlāt* from-*qarnayāʾ* *qadmāyātāʾ* *ʾetʿăqarāh* from-*qŏdāmah*; and-*ʾălû* *ʿaynin* like-*ʿaynê* *ʾănāšāʾ* in-*qarnāʾ*-this, and-*pum* *məmallil* *rabrəbān*.", "grammar": { "*miśtakkal*": "verb, participle, masculine singular - considering", "*hăwēyt*": "verb, perfect, 1st person singular - I was", "*qarnayāʾ*": "noun, feminine plural + definite article - the horns", "*ʾălû*": "demonstrative particle - behold", "*qeren*": "noun, feminine singular - horn", "*ʾoḥŏrî*": "adjective, feminine singular - another", "*zəʿêrāh*": "adjective, feminine singular - little/small", "*silqat*": "verb, perfect, 3rd person feminine singular - came up", "*bênêhēn*": "preposition + 3rd person feminine plural suffix - among them", "*təlāt*": "cardinal number, feminine - three", "*qadmāyātāʾ*": "adjective, feminine plural + definite article - the first", "*ʾetʿăqarāh*": "verb, perfect passive, 3rd person feminine singular - were plucked up", "*qŏdāmah*": "preposition + 3rd person feminine singular suffix - before it", "*ʿaynin*": "noun, feminine plural - eyes", "*ʿaynê*": "noun, feminine plural construct - eyes of", "*ʾănāšāʾ*": "noun, masculine singular - man/human", "*qarnāʾ*": "noun, feminine singular + definite article - the horn", "*pum*": "noun, masculine singular - mouth", "*məmallil*": "verb, participle, masculine singular - speaking", "*rabrəbān*": "adjective, feminine plural - great things" }, "variants": { "*miśtakkal*": "considering/observing/contemplating", "*ʾoḥŏrî*": "another/other", "*zəʿêrāh*": "little/small", "*silqat*": "came up/rose up/ascended", "*ʾetʿăqarāh*": "were plucked up/were uprooted", "*ʿaynin*": "eyes", "*məmallil*": "speaking/talking/uttering", "*rabrəbān*": "great things/boastful things" } }
• Dan 7:6 : 6 { "verseID": "Daniel.7.6", "source": "בָּאתַ֨ר דְּנָ֜ה חָזֵ֣ה הֲוֵ֗ית וַאֲר֤וּ אָֽחֳרִי֙ כִּנְמַ֔ר וְלַ֨הּ גַּפִּ֥ין אַרְבַּ֛ע דִּי־ע֖וֹף עַל־גַּבַּ֑הּ וְאַרְבְּעָ֤ה רֵאשִׁין֙ לְחֵ֣יוְתָ֔א וְשָׁלְטָ֖ן יְהִ֥יב לַֽהּ׃", "text": "After *dənāh* *ḥāzēh* *hăwēyt* and-*ʾărû* *ʾoḥŏrî* like-*nəmar*, and-to-her *gappîn* *ʾarbaʿ* of-*ʿôp* upon-*gabbah*; and-*ʾarbəʿāh* *rēʾšîn* to-*ḥêwətāʾ*, and-*šālṭān* *yəhîb* to-her.", "grammar": { "*dənāh*": "demonstrative pronoun, masculine singular - this", "*ḥāzēh*": "verb, participle, masculine singular - seeing", "*hăwēyt*": "verb, perfect, 1st person singular - I was", "*ʾărû*": "demonstrative particle - behold", "*ʾoḥŏrî*": "adjective, feminine singular - another", "*nəmar*": "noun, masculine singular - leopard", "*gappîn*": "noun, masculine plural - wings", "*ʾarbaʿ*": "cardinal number, feminine - four", "*ʿôp*": "noun, masculine singular - bird/fowl", "*gabbah*": "noun, masculine singular + 3rd person feminine singular suffix - her back", "*ʾarbəʿāh*": "cardinal number, masculine - four", "*rēʾšîn*": "noun, masculine plural - heads", "*ḥêwətāʾ*": "noun, feminine singular + definite article - the beast", "*šālṭān*": "noun, masculine singular - dominion/rule", "*yəhîb*": "verb, perfect passive, 3rd person masculine singular - was given" }, "variants": { "*dənāh*": "this", "*ḥāzēh*": "seeing/beholding/perceiving", "*hăwēyt*": "I was/I became", "*ʾoḥŏrî*": "another/other", "*nəmar*": "leopard/panther", "*gappîn*": "wings", "*ʿôp*": "bird/fowl", "*gabbah*": "her back/her sides", "*rēʾšîn*": "heads", "*šālṭān*": "dominion/rule/authority", "*yəhîb*": "was given/was granted" } }
• Matt 12:25 : 25 { "verseID": "Matthew.12.25", "source": "Εἰδὼς δὲ ὁ Ἰησοῦς τὰς ἐνθυμήσεις αὐτῶν, εἶπεν αὐτοῖς, Πᾶσα βασιλεία μερισθεῖσα καθʼ ἑαυτῆς ἐρημοῦται· καὶ πᾶσα πόλις ἢ οἰκία μερισθεῖσα καθʼ ἑαυτῆς οὐ σταθήσεται:", "text": "*Eidōs* *de* the *Iēsous* the *enthymēseis* of them, *eipen* to them, Every *basileia* *meristheisa* against itself *erēmoutai*; and every *polis* or *oikia* *meristheisa* against itself not *stathēsetai*:", "grammar": { "*Eidōs*": "perfect participle, nominative, masculine, singular - having known/perceived", "*de*": "postpositive conjunction - but/and/now", "*Iēsous*": "nominative, masculine, singular - Jesus", "*enthymēseis*": "accusative, feminine, plural - thoughts/considerations/intentions", "*eipen*": "aorist, active, indicative, 3rd singular - said/spoke", "*basileia*": "nominative, feminine, singular - kingdom/reign", "*meristheisa*": "aorist passive participle, feminine, singular - having been divided", "*erēmoutai*": "present, passive, indicative, 3rd singular - is being laid waste/made desolate", "*polis*": "nominative, feminine, singular - city/town", "*oikia*": "nominative, feminine, singular - house/household", "*stathēsetai*": "future, passive, indicative, 3rd singular - will stand/endure" }, "variants": { "*Eidōs*": "knowing/perceiving/understanding", "*enthymēseis*": "thoughts/intentions/designs/plots", "*basileia*": "kingdom/reign/rule/domain", "*erēmoutai*": "is made desolate/is laid waste/is brought to ruin", "*polis*": "city/state/community", "*oikia*": "house/household/family", "*stathēsetai*": "will stand/will endure/will remain" } }
• Luke 12:20 : 20 { "verseID": "Luke.12.20", "source": "Εἶπεν δὲ αὐτῷ ὁ Θεός, Ἄφρων, ταύτῃ τῇ νυκτὶ τὴν ψυχήν σου ἀπαιτοῦσιν ἀπὸ σοῦ: ἃ δὲ ἡτοίμασας; τίνι ἔσται,", "text": "*Eipen de* to him the *Theos*, *Aphrōn*, this the *nykti* the *psychēn* of you *apaitousin apo* you: what *de hētoimasas* to whom *estai*,", "grammar": { "*Eipen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd singular - said", "*de*": "postpositive conjunction - but/and", "*Theos*": "nominative singular masculine - God", "*Aphrōn*": "vocative singular masculine - Fool", "*nykti*": "dative singular feminine - night", "*psychēn*": "accusative singular feminine - soul/life", "*apaitousin*": "present active indicative, 3rd plural - they demand back", "*apo*": "preposition + genitive - from", "*de*": "postpositive conjunction - but/and", "*hētoimasas*": "aorist active indicative, 2nd singular - you prepared", "*estai*": "future middle indicative, 3rd singular - will be" }, "variants": { "*Theos*": "God/Deity", "*Aphrōn*": "Fool/Senseless one", "*nykti*": "night", "*psychēn*": "soul/life", "*apaitousin*": "demand back/require/ask back (impersonal construction or divine passive)", "*hētoimasas*": "prepared/made ready/stored up" } }
• Jer 31:40 : 40 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.31.40", "source": "וְכָל־הָעֵ֣מֶק הַפְּגָרִ֣ים ׀ וְהַדֶּ֡שֶׁן וְכָֽל־הַשְּׁדֵמוֹת֩ עַד־נַ֨חַל קִדְר֜וֹן עַד־פִּנַּ֨ת שַׁ֤עַר הַסּוּסִים֙ מִזְרָ֔חָה קֹ֖דֶשׁ לַֽיהוָ֑ה לֹֽא־יִנָּתֵ֧שׁ וְֽלֹא־יֵהָרֵ֛ס ע֖וֹד לְעוֹלָֽם׃", "text": "And all-the *ʿēmeq* the *pᵊgārîm* and the *dešen* and all-the *šᵊdēmôt* unto-*naḥal* *Qidrôn* unto-*pinnat* *šaʿar* the *sûsîm* eastward, *qōdeš* to *YHWH*; not-*yinnātēš* and not-*yēhārēs* *ʿôd* forever.", "grammar": { "*ʿēmeq*": "noun, masculine, singular - valley", "*pᵊgārîm*": "noun, masculine, plural - dead bodies/corpses", "*dešen*": "noun, masculine, singular - ashes/fat", "*šᵊdēmôt*": "noun, feminine, plural - fields", "*naḥal*": "noun, masculine, singular, construct - brook/valley of", "*Qidrôn*": "proper noun - Kidron", "*pinnat*": "noun, feminine, singular, construct - corner of", "*šaʿar*": "noun, masculine, singular, construct - gate of", "*sûsîm*": "noun, masculine, plural - horses", "*qōdeš*": "noun, masculine, singular - holiness/holy", "*yinnātēš*": "verb, niphal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - it will be plucked up", "*yēhārēs*": "verb, niphal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - it will be torn down", "*ʿôd*": "adverb - still/yet/again" }, "variants": { "*ʿēmeq*": "valley/low place", "*pᵊgārîm*": "dead bodies/corpses/carcasses", "*dešen*": "ashes/fat/abundance", "*šᵊdēmôt*": "fields/cultivated lands/terraces", "*naḥal*": "brook/valley/wadi/stream", "*pinnat*": "corner of/turning of", "*šaʿar*": "gate/door/entrance", "*sûsîm*": "horses/horsemen", "*qōdeš*": "holiness/holy/consecrated/sacred", "*yinnātēš*": "it will be plucked up/uprooted/pulled out", "*yēhārēs*": "it will be torn down/overthrown/demolished" } }
• Jer 45:4 : 4 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.45.4", "source": "כֹּ֣ה ׀ תֹּאמַ֣ר אֵלָ֗יו כֹּ֚ה אָמַ֣ר יְהוָ֔ה הִנֵּ֤ה אֲשֶׁר־בָּנִ֙יתִי֙ אֲנִ֣י הֹרֵ֔ס וְאֵ֥ת אֲשֶׁר־נָטַ֖עְתִּי אֲנִ֣י נֹתֵ֑שׁ וְאֶת־כָּל־הָאָ֖רֶץ הִֽיא׃", "text": "Thus *tōʾmar* to-him thus *ʾāmar* *YHWH* behold which-*bānîtî* I *hōrēs* and-*ʾēt* which-*nāṭaʿtî* I *nōtēš* and-*ʾet*-all-the-*ʾāreṣ* it.", "grammar": { "*tōʾmar*": "verb, qal imperfect, 2nd masculine singular - you shall say", "*ʾāmar*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - said/declared", "*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name - LORD", "*bānîtî*": "verb, qal perfect, 1st person singular - I built", "*hōrēs*": "verb, qal participle, masculine singular - tearing down/destroying", "*ʾēt*": "direct object marker", "*nāṭaʿtî*": "verb, qal perfect, 1st person singular - I planted", "*nōtēš*": "verb, qal participle, masculine singular - plucking up/uprooting", "*ʾāreṣ*": "noun, feminine, singular - land/earth" }, "variants": { "*tōʾmar*": "you shall say/speak/tell", "*ʾāmar*": "said/spoke/declared", "*bānîtî*": "I built/established", "*hōrēs*": "tearing down/destroying/demolishing", "*nāṭaʿtî*": "I planted/established", "*nōtēš*": "plucking up/uprooting/pulling out", "*ʾāreṣ*": "land/earth/ground/country" } }
• Job 20:5-7 : 5 { "verseID": "Job.20.5", "source": "כִּ֤י רִנְנַ֣ת רְ֭שָׁעִים מִקָּר֑וֹב וְשִׂמְחַ֖ת חָנֵ֣ף עֲדֵי־רָֽגַע׃", "text": "*kî* *rinnat* *rĕšāʿîm* *mi-qārôb* *wĕ-* *śimḥat* *ḥānēp* *ʿădê-* *rāgaʿ*", "grammar": { "*kî*": "conjunction - that/for/because", "*rinnat*": "noun, feminine singular construct - joyful shouting/jubilation", "*rĕšāʿîm*": "noun, masculine plural - wicked ones", "*mi-qārôb*": "preposition with adjective, masculine singular - from near/recent", "*wĕ-*": "conjunction - and", "*śimḥat*": "noun, feminine singular construct - joy/gladness", "*ḥānēp*": "adjective/noun, masculine singular - godless/profane/hypocrite", "*ʿădê-*": "preposition - until", "*rāgaʿ*": "noun, masculine singular - moment/instant" }, "variants": { "*rinnat*": "joyful shouting/triumphing/exultation/jubilation", "*rĕšāʿîm*": "wicked ones/evil people/criminals", "*mi-qārôb*": "from near/recent/short-lived", "*śimḥat*": "joy/gladness/rejoicing", "*ḥānēp*": "godless/profane/hypocrite/impious", "*rāgaʿ*": "moment/instant/brief time" } } 6 { "verseID": "Job.20.6", "source": "אִם־יַעֲלֶ֣ה לַשָּׁמַ֣יִם שִׂיא֑וֹ וְ֝רֹאשׁ֗וֹ לָעָ֥ב יַגִּֽיעַ׃", "text": "*ʾim-* *yaʿăleh* *la-šāmayim* *śîʾô* *wĕ-* *rōʾšô* *lā-ʿāb* *yaggîaʿ*", "grammar": { "*ʾim-*": "conjunction - if", "*yaʿăleh*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - it ascends/goes up", "*la-šāmayim*": "preposition with definite article and noun, masculine plural - to the heavens", "*śîʾô*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his height/exaltation", "*wĕ-*": "conjunction - and", "*rōʾšô*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his head", "*lā-ʿāb*": "preposition with definite article and noun, masculine singular - to the cloud", "*yaggîaʿ*": "hifil imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - it reaches/touches" }, "variants": { "*yaʿăleh*": "ascends/goes up/mounts up", "*šāmayim*": "heavens/sky", "*śîʾô*": "his height/his exaltation/his excellence/his pride", "*rōʾšô*": "his head/his top/his summit", "*ʿāb*": "cloud/thick cloud", "*yaggîaʿ*": "reaches/touches/arrives at" } } 7 { "verseID": "Job.20.7", "source": "כְּֽגֶלֲלוֹ לָנֶ֣צַח יֹאבֵ֑ד רֹ֝אָ֗יו יֹאמְר֥וּ אַיּֽוֹ׃", "text": "*kĕ-* *gĕlălô* *lā-neṣaḥ* *yōʾbēd* *rōʾāyw* *yōʾmĕrû* *ʾayyô*", "grammar": { "*kĕ-*": "preposition - like/as", "*gĕlălô*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his dung/excrement", "*lā-neṣaḥ*": "preposition with definite article and noun, masculine singular - to the perpetuity/forever", "*yōʾbēd*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - he perishes", "*rōʾāyw*": "verb qal participle, masculine plural with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his seers/those seeing him", "*yōʾmĕrû*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - they will say", "*ʾayyô*": "interrogative particle with 3rd masculine singular suffix - where is he?" }, "variants": { "*gĕlălô*": "his dung/his excrement/his refuse", "*neṣaḥ*": "perpetuity/forever/completeness", "*yōʾbēd*": "perishes/is destroyed/is lost", "*rōʾāyw*": "those seeing him/his viewers/those who saw him", "*ʾayyô*": "where is he?/where has he gone?" } }
• Ps 37:35-36 : 35 { "verseID": "Psalms.37.35", "source": "רָ֭אִיתִי רָשָׁ֣ע עָרִ֑יץ וּ֝מִתְעָרֶ֗ה כְּאֶזְרָ֥ח רַעֲנָֽן׃", "text": "I have *rāʾîtî rāšāʿ ʿārîṣ*, and *mitʿāreh* like *ʾezrāḥ raʿănān*.", "grammar": { "*rāʾîtî*": "Qal perfect, 1st person singular - I have seen", "*rāšāʿ*": "masculine singular adjective/noun - wicked person", "*ʿārîṣ*": "masculine singular adjective - ruthless/terrifying/powerful", "*mitʿāreh*": "Hithpael participle, masculine singular - spreading himself", "*ʾezrāḥ*": "masculine singular noun - native tree/native", "*raʿănān*": "masculine singular adjective - luxuriant/flourishing" }, "variants": { "*rāšāʿ ʿārîṣ*": "ruthless wicked person/terrifying evil one/powerful evildoer", "*mitʿāreh*": "spreading himself/flourishing/extending", "*ʾezrāḥ raʿănān*": "luxuriant native tree/flourishing green tree/leafy indigenous plant" } } 36 { "verseID": "Psalms.37.36", "source": "וַ֭יּֽ͏ַעֲבֹר וְהִנֵּ֣ה אֵינֶ֑נּוּ וָֽ֝אֲבַקְשֵׁ֗הוּ וְלֹ֣א נִמְצָֽא׃", "text": "Yet he *wayyaʿăbōr* and *hinnēh* he was *ʾênenû*; and I *wāʾăbaqšēhû* and he was not *nimṣāʾ*.", "grammar": { "*wayyaʿăbōr*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect (consecutive), 3rd person masculine singular - and he passed away/vanished", "*hinnēh*": "interjection - behold/indeed", "*ʾênenû*": "particle of negation + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - he was not", "*wāʾăbaqšēhû*": "conjunction + Piel imperfect (consecutive), 1st person singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - and I sought him", "*lōʾ*": "particle of negation - not", "*nimṣāʾ*": "Niphal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he was found" }, "variants": { "*wayyaʿăbōr*": "passed away/vanished/moved on", "*wāʾăbaqšēhû*": "I sought him/I searched for him", "*lōʾ nimṣāʾ*": "was not found/could not be found" } }
• Ps 39:6 : 6 { "verseID": "Psalms.39.6", "source": "הִנֵּ֤ה טְפָח֨וֹת ׀ נָ֘תַ֤תָּה יָמַ֗י וְחֶלְדִּ֣י כְאַ֣יִן נֶגְדֶּ֑ךָ אַ֥ךְ כָּֽל־הֶ֥בֶל כָּל־אָ֝דָ֗ם נִצָּ֥ב סֶֽלָה׃", "text": "*hinnēh* *ṭəfāḥôt* *nātattāh* *yāmay* and-*ḥeldî* like-*ʾayin* *negdekā* *ʾak* all-*hebel* all-*ʾādām* *niṣṣāb* *selāh*", "grammar": { "*hinnēh*": "interjection - behold/look", "*ṭəfāḥôt*": "noun, feminine plural - handbreadths", "*nātattāh*": "verb, qal perfect 2nd person masculine singular - you have made/set", "*yāmay*": "noun, masculine plural with 1st person singular suffix - my days", "*ḥeldî*": "noun, masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix and prefixed conjunction 'wə' - and my lifetime", "*ʾayin*": "substantive with prefixed preposition 'kə' - like nothing", "*negdekā*": "preposition with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - before you", "*ʾak*": "adverb - surely/only", "*hebel*": "noun, masculine singular with prefixed 'kol' - all (is) vanity", "*ʾādām*": "noun, masculine singular with prefixed 'kol' - every man", "*niṣṣāb*": "verb, niphal participle masculine singular - standing/established", "*selāh*": "musical notation - selah" }, "variants": { "*hinnēh*": "behold/look/see", "*ṭəfāḥôt*": "handbreadths/spans (measurement)", "*nātattāh*": "you have made/set/appointed", "*ḥeldî*": "my lifetime/duration/world", "*ʾayin*": "nothing/non-existence", "*ʾak*": "surely/only/indeed", "*hebel*": "vapor/breath/vanity/emptiness", "*niṣṣāb*": "standing/positioned/established" } }
• Ps 49:6-9 : 6 { "verseID": "Psalms.49.6", "source": "לָ֣מָּה אִ֭ירָא בִּ֣ימֵי רָ֑ע עֲוֺ֖ן עֲקֵבַ֣י יְסוּבֵּֽנִי׃", "text": "*lāmmāh* *ʾîrāʾ* in-*yəmê* *rāʿ* *ʿăwōn* *ʿăqēbay* *yəsubbēnî*", "grammar": { "*lāmmāh*": "interrogative - 'why'", "*ʾîrāʾ*": "verb qal imperfect 1st person singular - 'I should fear'", "*yəmê*": "noun masculine plural construct - 'days of'", "*rāʿ*": "adjective masculine singular - 'evil/adversity'", "*ʿăwōn*": "noun masculine singular - 'iniquity/guilt'", "*ʿăqēbay*": "noun masculine dual with 1st person suffix - 'my heels'", "*yəsubbēnî*": "verb qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular with 1st person suffix - 'surrounds me'" }, "variants": { "*rāʿ*": "evil/adversity/calamity", "*ʿăwōn*": "iniquity/guilt/punishment", "*ʿăqēbay*": "my heels/footsteps/tracks" } } 7 { "verseID": "Psalms.49.7", "source": "הַבֹּטְחִ֥ים עַל־חֵילָ֑ם וּבְרֹ֥ב עָ֝שְׁרָ֗ם יִתְהַלָּֽלוּ׃", "text": "The-*bōṭəḥîm* upon-*ḥêlām* *û*-in-*rōb* *ʿošrām* *yithallālû*", "grammar": { "*bōṭəḥîm*": "verb qal participle masculine plural with definite article - 'those who trust'", "*ḥêlām*": "noun masculine singular with 3rd person plural suffix - 'their wealth/strength'", "*û*": "conjunction - 'and'", "*rōb*": "noun masculine singular construct - 'abundance of'", "*ʿošrām*": "noun masculine singular with 3rd person plural suffix - 'their riches'", "*yithallālû*": "verb hithpael imperfect 3rd person masculine plural - 'they boast'" }, "variants": { "*ḥêlām*": "their wealth/strength/power/might", "*rōb*": "abundance/greatness/multitude", "*yithallālû*": "they boast/praise themselves/glory" } } 8 { "verseID": "Psalms.49.8", "source": "אָ֗ח לֹא־פָדֹ֣ה יִפְדֶּ֣ה אִ֑ישׁ לֹא־יִתֵּ֖ן לֵאלֹהִ֣ים כָּפְרֽוֹ׃", "text": "*ʾāḥ* not-*pādōh* *yifdeh* *ʾîš* not-*yittēn* to-*ʾelōhîm* *kofrô*", "grammar": { "*ʾāḥ*": "noun masculine singular - 'brother'", "*pādōh*": "verb qal infinitive absolute - 'redeeming'", "*yifdeh*": "verb qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - 'can redeem'", "*ʾîš*": "noun masculine singular - 'man/person'", "*yittēn*": "verb qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - 'can give'", "*ʾelōhîm*": "noun masculine plural with prefixed preposition lamed - 'to God'", "*kofrô*": "noun masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - 'his ransom'" }, "variants": { "*pādōh* *yifdeh*": "emphatic construction - 'surely cannot redeem'", "*kofrô*": "his ransom/atonement price/bribe" } } 9 { "verseID": "Psalms.49.9", "source": "וְ֭יֵקַר פִּדְי֥וֹן נַפְשָׁ֗ם וְחָדַ֥ל לְעוֹלָֽם׃", "text": "*wə*-*yēqar* *pidyôn* *nafšām* *wə*-*ḥādal* *lə*-*ʿôlām*", "grammar": { "*wə*": "conjunction - 'and'", "*yēqar*": "verb qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - 'is precious/costly'", "*pidyôn*": "noun masculine singular construct - 'redemption of'", "*nafšām*": "noun feminine singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - 'their soul/life'", "*wə*": "conjunction - 'and'", "*ḥādal*": "verb qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - 'ceases'", "*lə*": "preposition - 'for'", "*ʿôlām*": "noun masculine singular - 'forever/eternity'" }, "variants": { "*yēqar*": "is precious/costly/rare/valuable", "*pidyôn*": "redemption/ransom price", "*nafšām*": "their soul/life/self", "*ḥādal*": "ceases/leaves off/forbears" } } 10 { "verseID": "Psalms.49.10", "source": "וִֽיחִי־ע֥וֹד לָנֶ֑צַח לֹ֖א יִרְאֶ֣ה הַשָּֽׁחַת׃", "text": "*wî*-*yəḥî*-*ʿôd* *lā*-*neṣaḥ* not *yirʾeh* the-*šāḥat*", "grammar": { "*wî*": "conjunction with modal prefix - 'so that'", "*yəḥî*": "verb qal jussive 3rd person masculine singular - 'he might live'", "*ʿôd*": "adverb - 'still/yet/again'", "*lā*": "preposition lamed - 'to/for'", "*neṣaḥ*": "noun masculine singular - 'perpetuity/eternity'", "*yirʾeh*": "verb qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - 'he would see'", "*šāḥat*": "noun feminine singular with definite article - 'the pit/corruption'" }, "variants": { "*neṣaḥ*": "perpetuity/eternity/forever", "*šāḥat*": "pit/corruption/grave/destruction" } } 11 { "verseID": "Psalms.49.11", "source": "כִּ֤י יִרְאֶ֨ה ׀ חֲכָ֘מִ֤ים יָמ֗וּתוּ יַ֤חַד כְּסִ֣יל וָבַ֣עַר יֹאבֵ֑דוּ וְעָזְב֖וּ לַאֲחֵרִ֣ים חֵילָֽם׃", "text": "For *yirʾeh* *ḥăḵāmîm* *yāmûtû* *yaḥad* *kəsîl* *wā*-*baʿar* *yōʾbēdû* *wə*-*ʿāzəbû* *la*-*ʾăḥērîm* *ḥêlām*", "grammar": { "*yirʾeh*": "verb qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - 'he sees/will see'", "*ḥăḵāmîm*": "adjective masculine plural - 'wise ones'", "*yāmûtû*": "verb qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural - 'they die'", "*yaḥad*": "adverb - 'together/alike'", "*kəsîl*": "noun masculine singular - 'fool'", "*wā*": "conjunction - 'and'", "*baʿar*": "noun masculine singular - 'brutish/stupid person'", "*yōʾbēdû*": "verb qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural - 'they perish'", "*wə*": "conjunction - 'and'", "*ʿāzəbû*": "verb qal perfect 3rd person masculine plural - 'they leave'", "*la*": "preposition - 'to/for'", "*ʾăḥērîm*": "adjective masculine plural - 'others'", "*ḥêlām*": "noun masculine singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - 'their wealth'" }, "variants": { "*kəsîl*": "fool/stupid person", "*baʿar*": "brutish person/stupid/ignorant one", "*ḥêlām*": "their wealth/strength/power" } } 12 { "verseID": "Psalms.49.12", "source": "קִרְבָּ֤ם בָּתֵּ֨ימוֹ ׀ לְֽעוֹלָ֗ם מִ֭שְׁכְּנֹתָם לְדֹ֣ר וָדֹ֑ר קָֽרְא֥וּ בִ֝שְׁמוֹתָ֗ם עֲלֵ֣י אֲדָמֽוֹת׃", "text": "*qirbām* *bāttêmô* *lə*-*ʿôlām* *miškənōtām* *lə*-*dōr* *wā*-*dōr* *qārəʾû* *bi*-*šəmôtām* *ʿălê* *ʾădāmôt*", "grammar": { "*qirbām*": "noun masculine singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - 'their inward thought'", "*bāttêmô*": "noun masculine plural with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - 'their houses'", "*lə*": "preposition - 'for'", "*ʿôlām*": "noun masculine singular - 'forever/eternity'", "*miškənōtām*": "noun feminine plural with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - 'their dwelling places'", "*lə*": "preposition - 'to'", "*dōr*": "noun masculine singular - 'generation'", "*wā*": "conjunction - 'and'", "*dōr*": "noun masculine singular - 'generation'", "*qārəʾû*": "verb qal perfect 3rd person masculine plural - 'they call/proclaim'", "*bi*": "preposition - 'with/by'", "*šəmôtām*": "noun masculine plural with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - 'their names'", "*ʿălê*": "preposition - 'upon'", "*ʾădāmôt*": "noun feminine plural - 'lands'" }, "variants": { "*qirbām*": "their inward thought/midst/inner being", "*bāttêmô*": "their houses/dwellings", "*miškənōtām*": "their dwelling places/tabernacles/habitations" } }
• Ps 73:17-20 : 17 { "verseID": "Psalms.73.17", "source": "עַד־אָ֭בוֹא אֶל־מִקְדְּשֵׁי־אֵ֑ל אָ֝בִ֗ינָה לְאַחֲרִיתָֽם׃", "text": "*'Ad-avo el-miqdeshei-El*; *avinah le'acharitam*.", "grammar": { "*'Ad-avo*": "preposition + verb, qal imperfect, 1st person singular - until I came", "*el-miqdeshei-El*": "preposition + noun, masculine plural construct + noun (divine name) - to sanctuaries of God", "*avinah*": "verb, qal cohortative imperfect, 1st person singular - I understood", "*le'acharitam*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular construct + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - to their end" }, "variants": { "*'ad*": "until/while/up to", "*bo*": "come/enter/go", "*miqdash*": "sanctuary/holy place", "*El*": "God/deity/mighty one", "*bin*": "understand/discern/consider", "*acharit*": "end/latter part/future" } } 18 { "verseID": "Psalms.73.18", "source": "אַ֣ךְ בַּ֭חֲלָקוֹת תָּשִׁ֣ית לָ֑מוֹ הִ֝פַּלְתָּ֗ם לְמַשּׁוּאֽוֹת׃", "text": "*Akh bachalaqot tashit lamo*; *hippaltam lemashu'ot*.", "grammar": { "*Akh*": "adverb - surely", "*bachalaqot*": "preposition + noun, feminine plural - in slippery places", "*tashit*": "verb, qal imperfect, 2nd person masculine singular - you set/place", "*lamo*": "preposition + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - for them", "*hippaltam*": "verb, hiphil perfect, 2nd person masculine singular + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - you cause them to fall", "*lemashu'ot*": "preposition + noun, feminine plural - to ruins/desolations" }, "variants": { "*akh*": "surely/only/nevertheless", "*chalaqot*": "slippery places/smoothness/flattery", "*shit*": "set/place/put", "*lamo*": "to them/for them (poetic form)", "*hipil*": "cause to fall/throw down", "*mashu'ot*": "ruins/desolations/destruction" } } 19 { "verseID": "Psalms.73.19", "source": "אֵ֤יךְ הָי֣וּ לְשַׁמָּ֣ה כְרָ֑גַע סָ֥פוּ תַ֝֗מּוּ מִן־בַּלָּהֽוֹת׃", "text": "*Eikh hayu leshammah kherega'*; *safu tammu min-ballahot*.", "grammar": { "*Eikh*": "interrogative - how", "*hayu*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd person common plural - they were/became", "*leshammah*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular - to desolation", "*kherega'*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular - as in a moment", "*safu*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd person common plural - they are swept away", "*tammu*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd person common plural - they are finished", "*min-ballahot*": "preposition + noun, feminine plural - from terrors" }, "variants": { "*eikh*": "how/in what way", "*hayah*": "were/became/happened", "*shammah*": "desolation/waste/horror", "*rega'*": "moment/instant", "*suf*": "swept away/come to an end", "*tamam*": "finished/completed/consumed", "*ballahot*": "terrors/sudden destruction" } } 20 { "verseID": "Psalms.73.20", "source": "כַּחֲל֥וֹם מֵהָקִ֑יץ אֲ֝דֹנָי בָּעִ֤יר ׀ צַלְמָ֬ם תִּבְזֶֽה׃", "text": "*Kachalom mehaqitz*, *Adonai ba'ir tzalmam tivzeh*.", "grammar": { "*Kachalom*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular - like a dream", "*mehaqitz*": "preposition + verb, hiphil infinitive construct - from awaking", "*Adonai*": "noun, proper (divine title) - Lord", "*ba'ir*": "preposition + article + noun, feminine singular - in the city/when awakening", "*tzalmam*": "noun, masculine singular construct + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their image", "*tivzeh*": "verb, qal imperfect, 2nd person masculine singular - you will despise" }, "variants": { "*chalom*": "dream/vision during sleep", "*haqitz*": "awaking/waking up", "*Adonai*": "Lord/Master (divine title)", "*ba'ir*": "in the city/when awakening (possibly from two different roots)", "*tzelem*": "image/likeness/phantom", "*bazah*": "despise/hold in contempt" } }
• Eccl 2:18-19 : 18 { "verseID": "Ecclesiastes.2.18", "source": "וְשָׂנֵ֤אתִֽי אֲנִי֙ אֶת־כָּל־עֲמָלִ֔י שֶׁאֲנִ֥י עָמֵ֖ל תַּ֣חַת הַשָּׁ֑מֶשׁ שֶׁ֣אַנִּיחֶ֔נּוּ לָאָדָ֖ם שֶׁיִּהְיֶ֥ה אַחֲרָֽי׃", "text": "And *śānēʾtî* I *ʾet*-all-*ʿămālî* *sheʾănî* *ʿāmēl* under the-*shāmesh* *sheʾannîḥennû* to the-*ʾādām* *sheyyihyeh* after me.", "grammar": { "*śānēʾtî*": "perfect, 1st singular - I hated", "*ʿămālî*": "masculine singular noun + 1st person suffix - my labor", "*sheʾănî*": "relative particle + personal pronoun, 1st singular - that I", "*ʿāmēl*": "Qal participle, masculine singular - laboring", "*shāmesh*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - the sun", "*sheʾannîḥennû*": "relative particle + Hiphil imperfect, 1st singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - that I must leave it", "*ʾādām*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - the man", "*sheyyihyeh*": "relative particle + imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - who will be" }, "variants": { "*śānēʾtî*": "I hated/loathed/detested", "*ʿămālî*": "my labor/toil/work/effort", "*ʿāmēl*": "laboring/working/toiling", "*taḥat hashāmesh*": "under the sun/in this world", "*sheʾannîḥennû*": "that I must leave it/would have to leave it", "*lāʾādām sheyyihyeh ʾaḥărāy*": "to the person who will come after me/to my successor" } } 19 { "verseID": "Ecclesiastes.2.19", "source": "וּמִ֣י יוֹדֵ֗עַ הֶֽחָכָ֤ם יִהְיֶה֙ א֣וֹ סָכָ֔ל וְיִשְׁלַט֙ בְּכָל־עֲמָלִ֔י שֶֽׁעָמַ֥לְתִּי וְשֶׁחָכַ֖מְתִּי תַּ֣חַת הַשָּׁ֑מֶשׁ גַּם־זֶ֖ה הָֽבֶל׃", "text": "And who *yôdēaʿ* the-*ḥākām* *yihyeh* or *sākāl* and *yishlaṭ* in all-*ʿămālî* *sheʿāmaltî* and *sheḥākamtî* under the-*shāmesh* also-this *hābel*.", "grammar": { "*yôdēaʿ*": "Qal participle, masculine singular - knowing", "*ḥākām*": "masculine singular adjective with definite article - wise person", "*yihyeh*": "imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - he will be", "*sākāl*": "adjective, masculine singular - foolish", "*yishlaṭ*": "imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - he will rule/control", "*ʿămālî*": "masculine singular noun + 1st person suffix - my labor", "*sheʿāmaltî*": "relative particle + perfect, 1st singular - that I labored", "*sheḥākamtî*": "relative particle + perfect, 1st singular - that I became wise", "*shāmesh*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - the sun", "*hābel*": "masculine singular noun - vapor/vanity" }, "variants": { "*mî yôdēaʿ*": "who knows", "*heḥākām yihyeh ʾô sākāl*": "will he be wise or foolish", "*yishlaṭ*": "will rule/have control/have mastery", "*ʿămālî sheʿāmaltî*": "my labor which I labored at", "*sheḥākamtî*": "in which I showed wisdom/that I applied wisdom to", "*taḥat hashāmesh*": "under the sun/in this world", "*hābel*": "vapor/breath/emptiness/vanity/futility/meaninglessness" } }
• Eccl 4:8 : 8 { "verseID": "Ecclesiastes.4.8", "source": "יֵ֣שׁ אֶחָד֩ וְאֵ֨ין שֵׁנִ֜י גַּ֣ם בֵּ֧ן וָאָ֣ח אֵֽין־ל֗וֹ וְאֵ֥ין קֵץ֙ לְכָל־עֲמָל֔וֹ גַּם־עֵינ֖וֹ לֹא־תִשְׂבַּ֣ע עֹ֑שֶׁר וּלְמִ֣י ׀ אֲנִ֣י עָמֵ֗ל וּמְחַסֵּ֤ר אֶת־נַפְשִׁי֙ מִטּוֹבָ֔ה גַּם־זֶ֥‪ה הֶ֛בֶל וְעִנְיַ֥ן רָ֖ע הֽוּא׃", "text": "There is *ʾeḥād* and-*ʾên* *šēnî* also *bēn* and-*ʾāḥ* *ʾên*-to-him and-*ʾên* end to-all-*ʿămālô* also-*ʿênô* not-*tiśbaʿ* *ʿōšer* and-to-whom I *ʿāmēl* and-*məḥassēr* *ʾet*-*napšî* from-*ṭôḇāh* also-this *heḇel* and-*ʿinyan* *rāʿ* he", "grammar": { "*ʾeḥād*": "number, masculine singular - one (person)", "*ʾên*": "particle of negation - there is not", "*šēnî*": "ordinal number, masculine singular - second (person)", "*bēn*": "noun, masculine singular - son", "*ʾāḥ*": "noun, masculine singular - brother", "*ʿămālô*": "noun, masculine singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his labor/toil", "*ʿênô*": "noun, feminine singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his eye", "*tiśbaʿ*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd person feminine singular - it is satisfied", "*ʿōšer*": "noun, masculine singular - wealth/riches", "*ʿāmēl*": "Qal participle, masculine singular - laboring/toiling", "*məḥassēr*": "Piel participle, masculine singular - depriving/withholding from", "*napšî*": "noun, feminine singular + 1st person singular suffix - my soul", "*ṭôḇāh*": "noun, feminine singular - good/pleasure/happiness", "*heḇel*": "noun, masculine singular - vanity/breath/vapor", "*ʿinyan*": "noun, masculine singular - task/occupation/business", "*rāʿ*": "adjective, masculine singular - evil/bad" }, "variants": { "*ʾeḥād*": "one/alone/solitary person", "*šēnî*": "second/another/companion", "*ʿămālô*": "his labor/his toil/his effort", "*ʿênô lō-tiśbaʿ ʿōšer*": "his eye is not satisfied with riches/he is never satisfied with wealth", "*məḥassēr ʾet-napšî*": "depriving my soul/denying myself", "*ṭôḇāh*": "good things/pleasure/prosperity/happiness", "*ʿinyan rāʿ*": "evil task/grievous occupation/distressing business" } }