Verse 10

{ "verseID": "Daniel.4.10", "source": "חָזֵ֥ה הֲוֵ֛ית בְּחֶזְוֵ֥י רֵאשִׁ֖י עַֽל־מִשְׁכְּבִ֑י וַאֲלוּ֙ עִ֣יר וְקַדִּ֔ישׁ מִן־שְׁמַיָּ֖א נָחִֽת׃", "text": "*ḥāzēh hăwêṯ bəḥezəwê rēʾšî ʿal-miškəḇî waʾălû ʿîr wəqaddîš min-šəmayyāʾ nāḥiṯ*", "grammar": { "*ḥāzēh*": "participle, masculine singular - seeing", "*hăwêṯ*": "perfect 1st person singular - I was", "*bəḥezəwê*": "preposition + noun, masculine plural construct - in the visions of", "*rēʾšî*": "noun with 1st person singular suffix - my head", "*ʿal-miškəḇî*": "preposition + noun with 1st person singular suffix - upon my bed", "*waʾălû*": "conjunction + interjection - and behold", "*ʿîr*": "noun, masculine singular - watcher/angel", "*wəqaddîš*": "conjunction + adjective - and holy one", "*min-šəmayyāʾ*": "preposition + noun with definite article - from the heaven", "*nāḥiṯ*": "participle, masculine singular - coming down" }, "variants": { "*ʿîr*": "watcher/angel/messenger", "*wəqaddîš*": "and holy one/and sacred one", "*nāḥiṯ*": "coming down/descending" } }

Other Translations

Referenced Verses

  • Dan 4:5 : 5 { "verseID": "Daniel.4.5", "source": "וְעַ֣ד אָחֳרֵ֡ין עַל֩ קָֽדָמַ֨י דָּנִיֵּ֜אל דִּֽי־שְׁמֵ֤הּ בֵּלְטְּשַׁאצַּר֙ כְּשֻׁ֣ם אֱלָהִ֔י וְדִ֛י רֽוּחַ־אֱלָהִ֥ין קַדִּישִׁ֖ין בֵּ֑הּ וְחֶלְמָ֖א קָֽדָמ֥וֹהִי אַמְרֵֽת׃", "text": "And until *ʾāḥŏrên ʿal qāḏāmay dāniyyēl dî-šəmēh bēlṭṭəšaʾṣṣar kəšum ʾĕlāhî wəḏî rûaḥ-ʾĕlāhîn qaddîšîn bēh* and the *ḥelmāʾ qāḏāmôhî ʾamrēṯ*", "grammar": { "*ʾāḥŏrên*": "adjective, masculine singular - another/last", "*ʿal qāḏāmay*": "preposition + preposition with 1st person singular suffix - before me/came before me", "*dāniyyēl*": "proper noun - Daniel", "*dî-šəmēh*": "relative particle + noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - whose name", "*bēlṭṭəšaʾṣṣar*": "proper noun - Belteshazzar", "*kəšum*": "preposition כ + noun - according to name of", "*ʾĕlāhî*": "noun with 1st person singular suffix - my god", "*wəḏî*": "conjunction + relative particle - and who", "*rûaḥ-ʾĕlāhîn*": "construct chain - spirit of gods", "*qaddîšîn*": "adjective, masculine plural - holy", "*bēh*": "preposition with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - in him", "*ḥelmāʾ*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the dream", "*qāḏāmôhî*": "preposition with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - before him", "*ʾamrēṯ*": "perfect 1st person singular - I told/said" }, "variants": { "*ʾāḥŏrên*": "another/last/final/at last", "*ʾĕlāhîn qaddîšîn*": "holy gods/holy God (plural of majesty)/holy divine beings" } }
  • Dan 4:20-26 : 20 { "verseID": "Daniel.4.20", "source": "וְדִ֣י חֲזָ֣ה מַלְכָּ֡א עִ֣יר וְקַדִּ֣ישׁ נָחִ֣ת ׀ מִן־שְׁמַיָּ֡א וְאָמַר֩ גֹּ֨דּוּ אִֽילָנָ֜א וְחַבְּל֗וּהִי בְּרַ֨ם עִקַּ֤ר שָׁרְשׁ֙וֹהִי֙ בְּאַרְעָ֣א שְׁבֻ֔קוּ וּבֶאֱסוּר֙ דִּֽי־פַרְזֶ֣ל וּנְחָ֔שׁ בְּדִתְאָ֖א דִּ֣י בָרָ֑א וּבְטַ֧ל שְׁמַיָּ֣א יִצְטַבַּ֗ע וְעִם־חֵיוַ֤ת בָּרָא֙ חֲלָקֵ֔הּ עַ֛ד דִּֽי־שִׁבְעָ֥ה עִדָּנִ֖ין יַחְלְפ֥וּן עֲלֽוֹהִי׃", "text": "And that *ḥăzāh* the *malkāʾ* *ʿîr* and *qaddîš* *nāḥit* from-*šəmayyāʾ* and *ʾămar*: '*Gōddû* the *ʾîlānāʾ* and *ḥabbəlûhî*, however *ʿiqqar* *šāršôhî* in *ʾarʿāʾ* *šəbūqû*, and in band of-*parzel* and *nəḥāš* in *ditʾāʾ* of *bārāʾ*; and in *ṭal* *šəmayyāʾ* *yiṣṭabbaʿ*, and with-*ḥêwat* *bārāʾ* *ḥălāqēh*, until that-seven *ʿiddānîn* *yaḥləpûn* upon him.'", "grammar": { "*ḥăzāh*": "perfect verb, 3rd person masculine singular - he saw", "*malkāʾ*": "noun, masculine singular emphatic - the king", "*ʿîr*": "noun, masculine singular - watcher/angel", "*qaddîš*": "adjective, masculine singular - holy", "*nāḥit*": "participle, masculine singular - coming down", "*šəmayyāʾ*": "noun, masculine plural emphatic - the heavens", "*ʾămar*": "perfect verb, 3rd person masculine singular - he said", "*Gōddû*": "imperative verb, masculine plural - cut down", "*ʾîlānāʾ*": "noun, masculine singular emphatic - the tree", "*ḥabbəlûhî*": "imperative verb, masculine plural with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - destroy it", "*ʿiqqar*": "noun, masculine singular construct - stump of", "*šāršôhî*": "noun, masculine plural with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - its roots", "*ʾarʿāʾ*": "noun, feminine singular emphatic - the earth", "*šəbūqû*": "imperative verb, masculine plural - leave", "*parzel*": "noun, masculine singular - iron", "*nəḥāš*": "noun, masculine singular - bronze/copper", "*ditʾāʾ*": "noun, masculine singular emphatic - the tender grass", "*bārāʾ*": "noun, masculine singular emphatic - the field", "*ṭal*": "noun, masculine singular construct - dew of", "*yiṣṭabbaʿ*": "imperfect verb, 3rd person masculine singular passive - let him be wet", "*ḥêwat*": "noun, feminine singular construct - beasts of", "*ḥălāqēh*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his portion", "*ʿiddānîn*": "noun, masculine plural - times/periods", "*yaḥləpûn*": "imperfect verb, 3rd person masculine plural - they shall pass" }, "variants": { "*ʿîr*": "watcher/angel/guardian", "*qaddîš*": "holy/sacred/set apart", "*nāḥit*": "coming down/descending", "*Gōddû*": "cut down/chop down", "*ḥabbəlûhî*": "destroy it/ruin it/damage it", "*ʿiqqar*": "stump/stock", "*šāršôhî*": "its roots/rootstock", "*šəbūqû*": "leave/let remain", "*ditʾāʾ*": "tender grass/new growth/vegetation", "*ṭal*": "dew/moisture", "*yiṣṭabbaʿ*": "let him be wet/drenched/moistened", "*ḥălāqēh*": "his portion/share/lot", "*ʿiddānîn*": "times/periods/seasons", "*yaḥləpûn*": "shall pass/change/go by" } } 21 { "verseID": "Daniel.4.21", "source": "דְּנָ֥ה פִשְׁרָ֖א מַלְכָּ֑א וּגְזֵרַ֤ת עִלָּאָה֙ הִ֔יא דִּ֥י מְטָ֖ת עַל־מָרִ֥י מַלְכָּֽא׃", "text": "*Dənāh* *pišrāʾ* *malkāʾ*, and *gəzērat* *ʿillāʾāh* it is, that *məṭāt* upon-*mārî* *malkāʾ*.", "grammar": { "*Dənāh*": "demonstrative pronoun, masculine singular - this", "*pišrāʾ*": "noun, masculine singular emphatic - the interpretation", "*malkāʾ*": "noun, masculine singular emphatic - the king", "*gəzērat*": "noun, feminine singular construct - decree of", "*ʿillāʾāh*": "adjective, masculine singular emphatic - the Most High", "*məṭāt*": "perfect verb, 3rd person feminine singular - it has come", "*mārî*": "noun, masculine singular construct - lord of", "*malkāʾ*": "noun, masculine singular emphatic - the king" }, "variants": { "*Dənāh*": "this/that", "*pišrāʾ*": "interpretation/explanation/meaning", "*gəzērat*": "decree/decision/determination", "*ʿillāʾāh*": "Most High/Highest/Supreme", "*məṭāt*": "has come/reached/arrived", "*mārî*": "lord/master/my lord" } } 22 { "verseID": "Daniel.4.22", "source": "וְלָ֣ךְ טָֽרְדִ֣ין מִן־אֲנָשָׁ֡א וְעִם־חֵיוַ֣ת בָּרָא֩ לֶהֱוֵ֨ה מְדֹרָ֜ךְ וְעִשְׂבָּ֥א כְתוֹרִ֣ין ׀ לָ֣ךְ יְטַֽעֲמ֗וּן וּמִטַּ֤ל שְׁמַיָּא֙ לָ֣ךְ מְצַבְּעִ֔ין וְשִׁבְעָ֥ה עִדָּנִ֖ין יַחְלְפ֣וּן עֲלָ֑יךְ עַ֣ד דִּֽי־תִנְדַּ֗ע דִּֽי־שַׁלִּ֤יט עִלָּיָא֙ בְּמַלְכ֣וּת אֲנָשָׁ֔א וּלְמַן־דִּ֥י יִצְבֵּ֖א יִתְּנִנַּֽהּ׃", "text": "And you they *ṭārədîn* from-*ʾănāšāʾ*, and with-*ḥêwat* *bārāʾ* will be *mədōrāḵ*, and *ʿiśbāʾ* like *tôrîn* for you they *yəṭaʿămûn*, and from *ṭal* *šəmayyāʾ* you they *məṣabbəʿîn*, and seven *ʿiddānîn* *yaḥləpûn* upon you, until that-you *tindaʿ* that-*šallîṭ* *ʿillāyāʾ* in *malkût* *ʾănāšāʾ*, and to whom-that he *yiṣbēʾ* he *yittəninnah*.", "grammar": { "*ṭārədîn*": "participle, masculine plural - driving out", "*ʾănāšāʾ*": "noun, masculine plural emphatic - the people/mankind", "*ḥêwat*": "noun, feminine singular construct - beasts of", "*bārāʾ*": "noun, masculine singular emphatic - the field", "*mədōrāḵ*": "noun, masculine singular with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your dwelling", "*ʿiśbāʾ*": "noun, masculine singular emphatic - the grass", "*tôrîn*": "noun, masculine plural - oxen", "*yəṭaʿămûn*": "imperfect verb, 3rd person masculine plural - they will feed/cause to eat", "*ṭal*": "noun, masculine singular construct - dew of", "*šəmayyāʾ*": "noun, masculine plural emphatic - the heavens", "*məṣabbəʿîn*": "participle, masculine plural - wetting/moistening", "*ʿiddānîn*": "noun, masculine plural - times/periods", "*yaḥləpûn*": "imperfect verb, 3rd person masculine plural - they will pass", "*tindaʿ*": "imperfect verb, 2nd person masculine singular - you will know", "*šallîṭ*": "adjective, masculine singular - ruling", "*ʿillāyāʾ*": "adjective, masculine singular emphatic - the Most High", "*malkût*": "noun, feminine singular construct - kingdom of", "*yiṣbēʾ*": "imperfect verb, 3rd person masculine singular - he wills/desires", "*yittəninnah*": "imperfect verb, 3rd person masculine singular with 3rd person feminine singular suffix - he gives it" }, "variants": { "*ṭārədîn*": "driving out/expelling/banishing", "*ʾănāšāʾ*": "people/mankind/humanity", "*mədōrāḵ*": "your dwelling/habitation/residence", "*ʿiśbāʾ*": "grass/vegetation/herbage", "*tôrîn*": "oxen/cattle", "*yəṭaʿămûn*": "they will feed/cause to eat/make to taste", "*məṣabbəʿîn*": "wetting/moistening/drenching", "*ʿiddānîn*": "times/periods/seasons", "*yaḥləpûn*": "will pass/change/go by", "*tindaʿ*": "you will know/recognize/acknowledge", "*šallîṭ*": "ruling/having dominion/sovereign", "*ʿillāyāʾ*": "Most High/Highest/Supreme", "*yiṣbēʾ*": "wills/desires/pleases", "*yittəninnah*": "gives it/bestows it/grants it" } } 23 { "verseID": "Daniel.4.23", "source": "וְדִ֣י אֲמַ֗רוּ לְמִשְׁבַּ֞ק עִקַּ֤ר שָׁרְשׁ֙וֹהִי֙ דִּ֣י אִֽילָנָ֔א מַלְכוּתָ֖ךְ לָ֣ךְ קַיָּמָ֑ה מִן־דִּ֣י תִנְדַּ֔ע דִּ֥י שַׁלִּטִ֖ן שְׁמַיָּֽא׃", "text": "And that they *ʾămarû* to *mišbaq* *ʿiqqar* *šāršôhî* of the *ʾîlānāʾ*, *malkûtāḵ* to you *qayyāmāh*, from-that you *tindaʿ* that *šallîṭin* *šəmayyāʾ*.", "grammar": { "*ʾămarû*": "perfect verb, 3rd person masculine plural - they said", "*mišbaq*": "infinitive - to leave", "*ʿiqqar*": "noun, masculine singular construct - stump of", "*šāršôhî*": "noun, masculine plural with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - its roots", "*ʾîlānāʾ*": "noun, masculine singular emphatic - the tree", "*malkûtāḵ*": "noun, feminine singular with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your kingdom", "*qayyāmāh*": "adjective, feminine singular - enduring/lasting", "*tindaʿ*": "imperfect verb, 2nd person masculine singular - you know", "*šallîṭin*": "adjective, masculine plural - ruling", "*šəmayyāʾ*": "noun, masculine plural emphatic - the heavens" }, "variants": { "*ʾămarû*": "they said/commanded/ordered", "*mišbaq*": "to leave/let remain", "*ʿiqqar*": "stump/stock", "*šāršôhî*": "its roots/rootstock", "*malkûtāḵ*": "your kingdom/reign/sovereignty", "*qayyāmāh*": "enduring/lasting/established", "*tindaʿ*": "you know/recognize/acknowledge", "*šallîṭin*": "ruling/having dominion/sovereign", "*šəmayyāʾ*": "the heavens/Heaven" } } 24 { "verseID": "Daniel.4.24", "source": "לָהֵ֣ן מַלְכָּ֗א מִלְכִּי֙ יִשְׁפַּ֣ר עֲלָ֔ךְ וַחֲטָאָךְ֙ בְּצִדְקָ֣ה פְרֻ֔ק וַעֲוָיָתָ֖ךְ בְּמִחַ֣ן עֲנָ֑יִן הֵ֛ן תֶּהֱוֵ֥א אַרְכָ֖ה לִשְׁלֵוְתָֽךְ׃", "text": "Therefore, *malkāʾ*, my counsel *yišpar* upon you, and your *ḥăṭāʾāḵ* by *ṣidqāh* *pəruq*, and your *ʿăwāyātāḵ* by *miḥan* *ʿănāyîn*; perhaps *tehĕwēʾ* *ʾarkāh* to your *šəlēwətāḵ*.", "grammar": { "*malkāʾ*": "noun, masculine singular emphatic - the king", "*yišpar*": "imperfect verb, 3rd person masculine singular - let it be acceptable", "*ḥăṭāʾāḵ*": "noun, masculine plural with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your sins", "*ṣidqāh*": "noun, feminine singular - righteousness", "*pəruq*": "imperative verb, masculine singular - break off/redeem", "*ʿăwāyātāḵ*": "noun, feminine plural with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your iniquities", "*miḥan*": "infinitive construct - showing mercy", "*ʿănāyîn*": "noun, masculine plural - poor/afflicted", "*tehĕwēʾ*": "imperfect verb, 3rd person feminine singular - it will be", "*ʾarkāh*": "noun, feminine singular - lengthening/prolonging", "*šəlēwətāḵ*": "noun, feminine singular with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your prosperity" }, "variants": { "*yišpar*": "let it be acceptable/pleasing/agreeable", "*ḥăṭāʾāḵ*": "your sins/offenses/transgressions", "*ṣidqāh*": "righteousness/justice/right actions", "*pəruq*": "break off/redeem/atone for", "*ʿăwāyātāḵ*": "your iniquities/transgressions/wrongdoings", "*miḥan*": "showing mercy/being gracious", "*ʿănāyîn*": "poor/afflicted/needy ones", "*tehĕwēʾ*": "there will be/may there be", "*ʾarkāh*": "lengthening/prolonging/extension", "*šəlēwətāḵ*": "your prosperity/tranquility/welfare" } } 25 { "verseID": "Daniel.4.25", "source": "כֹּ֣לָּא מְּטָ֔א עַל־נְבוּכַדְנֶצַּ֖ר מַלְכָּֽא׃ פ", "text": "All *məṭāʾ* upon-*Nəbûkadneṣṣar* *malkāʾ*.", "grammar": { "*məṭāʾ*": "perfect verb, 3rd person masculine singular - it came", "*Nəbûkadneṣṣar*": "proper noun - Nebuchadnezzar", "*malkāʾ*": "noun, masculine singular emphatic - the king" }, "variants": { "*məṭāʾ*": "came/happened/befell", "*kōllāʾ*": "all/everything/the whole" } } 26 { "verseID": "Daniel.4.26", "source": "לִקְצָ֥ת יַרְחִ֖ין תְּרֵֽי־עֲשַׂ֑ר עַל־הֵיכַ֧ל מַלְכוּתָ֛א דִּ֥י בָבֶ֖ל מְהַלֵּ֥ךְ הֲוָֽה׃", "text": "At *qəṣāt* *yarḥîn* *tərê*-*ʿăśar*, upon-*hêḵal* *malkûtāʾ* of *Bābel* *məhallēḵ* *hăwāh*.", "grammar": { "*qəṣāt*": "noun, feminine singular construct - end of", "*yarḥîn*": "noun, masculine plural - months", "*tərê*": "numeral, masculine - two", "*ʿăśar*": "numeral - ten", "*hêḵal*": "noun, masculine singular construct - palace of", "*malkûtāʾ*": "noun, feminine singular emphatic - the kingdom", "*Bābel*": "proper noun - Babylon", "*məhallēḵ*": "participle, masculine singular - walking", "*hăwāh*": "perfect verb, 3rd person masculine singular - he was" }, "variants": { "*qəṣāt*": "end of/after/at the completion of", "*yarḥîn*": "months/moons", "*hêḵal*": "palace/temple", "*malkûtāʾ*": "kingdom/royal residence", "*məhallēḵ*": "walking/strolling/pacing", "*hăwāh*": "was/had been" } }
  • Ps 37:35-36 : 35 { "verseID": "Psalms.37.35", "source": "רָ֭אִיתִי רָשָׁ֣ע עָרִ֑יץ וּ֝מִתְעָרֶ֗ה כְּאֶזְרָ֥ח רַעֲנָֽן׃", "text": "I have *rāʾîtî rāšāʿ ʿārîṣ*, and *mitʿāreh* like *ʾezrāḥ raʿănān*.", "grammar": { "*rāʾîtî*": "Qal perfect, 1st person singular - I have seen", "*rāšāʿ*": "masculine singular adjective/noun - wicked person", "*ʿārîṣ*": "masculine singular adjective - ruthless/terrifying/powerful", "*mitʿāreh*": "Hithpael participle, masculine singular - spreading himself", "*ʾezrāḥ*": "masculine singular noun - native tree/native", "*raʿănān*": "masculine singular adjective - luxuriant/flourishing" }, "variants": { "*rāšāʿ ʿārîṣ*": "ruthless wicked person/terrifying evil one/powerful evildoer", "*mitʿāreh*": "spreading himself/flourishing/extending", "*ʾezrāḥ raʿănān*": "luxuriant native tree/flourishing green tree/leafy indigenous plant" } } 36 { "verseID": "Psalms.37.36", "source": "וַ֭יּֽ͏ַעֲבֹר וְהִנֵּ֣ה אֵינֶ֑נּוּ וָֽ֝אֲבַקְשֵׁ֗הוּ וְלֹ֣א נִמְצָֽא׃", "text": "Yet he *wayyaʿăbōr* and *hinnēh* he was *ʾênenû*; and I *wāʾăbaqšēhû* and he was not *nimṣāʾ*.", "grammar": { "*wayyaʿăbōr*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect (consecutive), 3rd person masculine singular - and he passed away/vanished", "*hinnēh*": "interjection - behold/indeed", "*ʾênenû*": "particle of negation + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - he was not", "*wāʾăbaqšēhû*": "conjunction + Piel imperfect (consecutive), 1st person singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - and I sought him", "*lōʾ*": "particle of negation - not", "*nimṣāʾ*": "Niphal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he was found" }, "variants": { "*wayyaʿăbōr*": "passed away/vanished/moved on", "*wāʾăbaqšēhû*": "I sought him/I searched for him", "*lōʾ nimṣāʾ*": "was not found/could not be found" } }
  • Isa 10:33-34 : 33 { "verseID": "Isaiah.10.33", "source": "הִנֵּה הָאָדוֹן יְהוָה צְבָאוֹת מְסָעֵף פֻּארָה בְּמַעֲרָצָה וְרָמֵי הַקּוֹמָה גְּדוּעִים וְהַגְּבֹהִים יִשְׁפָּלוּ", "text": "*hinnēh* *hāʾādôn* *Yhwh* *ṣebāʾôt* *mesāʿēp̄* *puʾrāh* *bemaʿărāṣāh* *werāmê* *haqqômāh* *gedûʿîm* *wehaggebōhîm* *yišpālû*", "grammar": { "*hinnēh*": "interjection - behold/look", "*hāʾādôn*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the Lord", "*Yhwh*": "divine name - YHWH/LORD", "*ṣebāʾôt*": "noun, feminine plural - of hosts/armies", "*mesāʿēp̄*": "piel participle, masculine singular - lopping off", "*puʾrāh*": "noun, feminine singular - branch/bough", "*bemaʿărāṣāh*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular - with terrifying power", "*werāmê*": "waw conjunction + adjective, masculine plural construct - and the tall ones of", "*haqqômāh*": "definite article + noun, feminine singular - the stature", "*gedûʿîm*": "qal passive participle, masculine plural - cut down/hewn down", "*wehaggebōhîm*": "waw conjunction + definite article + adjective, masculine plural - and the lofty ones", "*yišpālû*": "qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural - will be humbled/brought low" }, "variants": { "*sāʿap̄*": "lop off/cut away/prune", "*puʾrāh*": "branch/bough/foliage", "*maʿărāṣāh*": "terror/terrifying power/fearful force", "*qômāh*": "height/stature/tallness", "*gādaʿ*": "cut down/hew down/chop off", "*gābōah*": "high/lofty/tall/proud", "*šāp̄al*": "be low/be humbled/be brought down" } } 34 { "verseID": "Isaiah.10.34", "source": "וְנִקַּף סִבְכֵי הַיַּעַר בַּבַּרְזֶל וְהַלְּבָנוֹן בְּאַדִּיר יִפּוֹל", "text": "*weniqqap̄* *sibeḵê* *hayyaʿar* *babbarzel* *wehallebānôn* *beʾaddîr* *yippôl*", "grammar": { "*weniqqap̄*": "waw conjunction + niphal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - and will be cut down", "*sibeḵê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - thickets of", "*hayyaʿar*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the forest", "*babbarzel*": "preposition + definite article + noun, masculine singular - with the iron", "*wehallebānôn*": "waw conjunction + definite article + proper noun - and the Lebanon", "*beʾaddîr*": "preposition + adjective, masculine singular - by a mighty one", "*yippôl*": "qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - will fall" }, "variants": { "*nāqap̄*": "cut down/strike down/go around", "*sōbeḵ*": "thicket/entanglement/interwoven branches", "*yaʿar*": "forest/thicket/wooded area", "*barzel*": "iron/iron tool", "*ʾaddîr*": "mighty one/majestic one/powerful one", "*nāp̄al*": "fall/collapse/be cast down" } }
  • Jer 12:2 : 2 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.12.2", "source": "נְטַעְתָּם֙ גַּם־שֹׁרָ֔שׁוּ יֵלְכ֖וּ גַּם־עָ֣שׂוּ פֶ֑רִי קָר֤וֹב אַתָּה֙ בְּפִיהֶ֔ם וְרָח֖וֹק מִכִּלְיוֹתֵיהֶֽם׃", "text": "You-have-*nəṭaʿtām* *gam*-*šōrāšû* they-*yēlkû* *gam*-*ʿāśû* *perî* *qārôb* you in-*pîhem* *wə*-*rāḥôq* from-*kilyôtêhem*", "grammar": { "*nəṭaʿtām*": "verb, Qal perfect, 2nd person masculine singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - you have planted them", "*gam*": "particle - also, moreover", "*šōrāšû*": "verb, Pual perfect, 3rd person plural - they are rooted/take root", "*yēlkû*": "verb, Qal imperfect, 3rd person plural - they go/grow", "*ʿāśû*": "verb, Qal perfect, 3rd person plural - they make/produce", "*perî*": "noun, masculine singular - fruit", "*qārôb*": "adjective, masculine singular - near", "*pîhem*": "noun, masculine singular construct with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their mouth", "*wə*": "conjunction - and", "*rāḥôq*": "adjective, masculine singular - far", "*kilyôtêhem*": "noun, feminine plural construct with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their kidneys/innermost being" }, "variants": { "*šōrāšû*": "take root/become rooted", "*yēlkû*": "go/grow/spread", "*ʿāśû perî*": "produce fruit/bear fruit", "*kilyôtêhem*": "kidneys/innermost being/hearts/minds" } }
  • Ezek 31:3-9 : 3 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.31.3", "source": "הִנֵּ֨ה אַשּׁ֜וּר אֶ֣רֶז בַּלְּבָנ֗וֹן יְפֵ֥ה עָנָ֛ף וְחֹ֥רֶשׁ מֵצַ֖ל וּגְבַ֣הּ קוֹמָ֑ה וּבֵ֣ין עֲבֹתִ֔ים הָיְתָ֖ה צַמַּרְתּֽוֹ", "text": "*hinnēh* *ʾaššûr* *ʾerez* in the *ləḇānôn* *yəp̄ēh* *ʿānāp̄* and *ḥōreš* *mēṣal* and *ḡəḇah* *qômāh* and between *ʿăḇōtîm* *hāyətāh* *ṣamartô*", "grammar": { "*hinnēh*": "demonstrative particle - behold/look", "*ʾaššûr*": "proper noun - Assyria/Ashur", "*ʾerez*": "noun, masculine singular - cedar", "*ləḇānôn*": "proper noun with definite article - the Lebanon", "*yəp̄ēh*": "adjective, masculine singular - beautiful/fair", "*ʿānāp̄*": "noun, masculine singular - branch/bough", "*ḥōreš*": "noun, masculine singular - thicket/wood/forest", "*mēṣal*": "Hiphil participle - giving shade/shadowing", "*ḡəḇah*": "adjective, masculine singular construct - high/tall", "*qômāh*": "noun, feminine singular - height/stature", "*ʿăḇōtîm*": "noun, masculine plural - leafy branches/thickets/cloud", "*hāyətāh*": "qal perfect 3rd feminine singular - was/became/happened", "*ṣamartô*": "noun, feminine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - its top/crown" }, "variants": { "*ʾaššûr*": "Assyria/Asshur/an Assyrian", "*ḥōreš*": "thicket/wood/forest", "*mēṣal*": "giving shade/providing shelter/shadowing", "*ʿăḇōtîm*": "thick branches/leafy boughs/clouds/thickets", "*ṣamartô*": "its top/its crown/its highest branch" } } 4 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.31.4", "source": "מַ֣יִם גִּדְּל֔וּהוּ תְּה֖וֹם רֹֽמְמָ֑תְהוּ אֶת־נַהֲרֹתֶ֗יהָ הֹלֵךְ֙ סְבִיב֣וֹת מַטָּעָ֔הּ וְאֶת־תְּעָלֹתֶ֣יהָ שִׁלְחָ֔ה אֶ֖ל כָּל־עֲצֵ֥י הַשָּׂדֶֽה", "text": "*mayim* *giddəlûhû* *təhôm* *rômməmātəhû* *ʾet-nahărōtêhā* *hōlēk* *səḇîḇôt* *maṭṭāʿāh* and *ʾet-təʿālōtêhā* *šilḥāh* to all *ʿăṣê* the *śādeh*", "grammar": { "*mayim*": "noun, masculine plural - waters", "*giddəlûhû*": "piel perfect 3rd common plural with 3rd masculine singular suffix - they made it grow", "*təhôm*": "noun, feminine singular - deep/abyss/primeval ocean", "*rômməmātəhû*": "polel perfect 3rd feminine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - she exalted him/raised him up", "*ʾet-nahărōtêhā*": "direct object marker + noun, feminine plural with 3rd feminine singular suffix - her rivers", "*hōlēk*": "qal participle, masculine singular - going/flowing", "*səḇîḇôt*": "preposition, construct - around/surrounding", "*maṭṭāʿāh*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd feminine singular suffix - her planting place", "*ʾet-təʿālōtêhā*": "direct object marker + noun, feminine plural with 3rd feminine singular suffix - her channels/conduits", "*šilḥāh*": "piel perfect 3rd feminine singular - she sent out", "*ʿăṣê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - trees of", "*śādeh*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the field" }, "variants": { "*təhôm*": "deep/abyss/primeval ocean/deep waters", "*maṭṭāʿāh*": "her planting place/her plantation/the place where it was planted", "*təʿālōtêhā*": "her channels/her conduits/her irrigation streams", "*śādeh*": "field/open country/land" } } 5 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.31.5", "source": "עַל־כֵּן֙ גָּבְהָ֣א קֹמָת֔וֹ מִכֹּ֖ל עֲצֵ֣י הַשָּׂדֶ֑ה וַתִּרְבֶּ֨ינָה סַֽרְעַפֹּתָ֜יו וַתֶּאֱרַ֧כְנָה *פארתו **פֹארֹתָ֛יו מִמַּ֥יִם רַבִּ֖ים בְּשַׁלְּחֽוֹ", "text": "Upon *kēn* *gāḇəhāʾ* *qōmātô* more than all *ʿăṣê* the *śādeh* and *wattirbênāh* *sarʿappōtāyw* and *watteʾĕraknāh* *pōʾrōtāyw* from *mayim* *rabbîm* in *bəšalləḥô*", "grammar": { "*kēn*": "adverb - thus/so/therefore", "*gāḇəhāʾ*": "qal perfect 3rd feminine singular - was high/was exalted", "*qōmātô*": "noun, feminine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his height/stature", "*ʿăṣê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - trees of", "*śādeh*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the field", "*wattirbênāh*": "conjunction + qal imperfect 3rd feminine plural - and they multiplied/increased", "*sarʿappōtāyw*": "noun, feminine plural with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his branches/boughs", "*watteʾĕraknāh*": "conjunction + qal imperfect 3rd feminine plural - and they grew long/extended", "*pōʾrōtāyw*": "noun, feminine plural with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his branches/shoots/boughs", "*mayim*": "noun, masculine plural - waters", "*rabbîm*": "adjective, masculine plural - many/abundant/great", "*bəšalləḥô*": "preposition + piel infinitive construct with 3rd masculine singular suffix - in his sending out/extending" }, "variants": { "*sarʿappōtāyw*": "his branches/his boughs/his shoots", "*pōʾrōtāyw*": "his branches/his foliage/his boughs", "*bəšalləḥô*": "in his sending out/in his spreading/in his extending" } } 6 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.31.6", "source": "בִּסְעַפֹּתָ֤יו קִֽנְנוּ֙ כָּל־ע֣וֹף הַשָּׁמַ֔יִם וְתַ֤חַת פֹּֽארֹתָיו֙ יָֽלְד֔וּ כֹּ֖ל חַיַּ֣ת הַשָּׂדֶ֑ה וּבְצִלּוֹ֙ יֵֽשְׁב֔וּ כֹּ֖ל גּוֹיִ֥ם רַבִּֽים", "text": "In *bisʿappōtāyw* *qinnənû* all *ʿôp̄* the *šāmayim* and under *pōʾrōtāyw* *yāldû* all *ḥayyat* the *śādeh* and in *ḇəṣillô* *yēšḇû* all *gôyim* *rabbîm*", "grammar": { "*bisʿappōtāyw*": "preposition + noun, feminine plural with 3rd masculine singular suffix - in his branches", "*qinnənû*": "piel perfect 3rd common plural - they nested/made nests", "*ʿôp̄*": "noun, masculine singular construct - birds of", "*šāmayim*": "noun, masculine plural with definite article - the heavens/sky", "*pōʾrōtāyw*": "noun, feminine plural with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his branches/boughs", "*yāldû*": "qal perfect 3rd common plural - they gave birth/brought forth young", "*ḥayyat*": "noun, feminine singular construct - living things/beasts of", "*śādeh*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the field", "*ḇəṣillô*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - in his shadow/shade", "*yēšḇû*": "qal imperfect 3rd common plural - they dwelt/sat/remained", "*gôyim*": "noun, masculine plural - nations/peoples", "*rabbîm*": "adjective, masculine plural - many/great/numerous" }, "variants": { "*bisʿappōtāyw*": "in his branches/in his boughs/among his limbs", "*qinnənû*": "they nested/they made nests", "*yāldû*": "they gave birth/they bore young/they were born" } } 7 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.31.7", "source": "וַיְּיִ֣ף בְּגָדְל֔וֹ בְּאֹ֖רֶךְ דָּֽלִיּוֹתָ֑יו כִּֽי־הָיָ֥ה שָׁרְשׁ֖וֹ אֶל־מַ֥יִם רַבִּֽים", "text": "And *wayyîp̄* in *ḡādlô* in *ʾōrek* *dāliyyôtāyw* for *hāyāh* *šāršô* to *mayim* *rabbîm*", "grammar": { "*wayyîp̄*": "conjunction + qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he was beautiful/fair", "*ḡādlô*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his greatness/size", "*ʾōrek*": "noun, masculine singular construct - length of", "*dāliyyôtāyw*": "noun, feminine plural with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his branches/boughs", "*hāyāh*": "qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - was/became", "*šāršô*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his root", "*mayim*": "noun, masculine plural - waters", "*rabbîm*": "adjective, masculine plural - many/abundant/great" }, "variants": { "*wayyîp̄*": "and he was beautiful/and he was fair/and he was splendid", "*ḡādlô*": "his greatness/his magnitude/his large size", "*dāliyyôtāyw*": "his branches/his shoots/his boughs" } } 8 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.31.8", "source": "אֲרָזִ֣ים לֹֽא־עֲמָמֻהוּ֮ בְּגַן־אֱלֹהִים֒ בְּרוֹשִׁ֗ים לֹ֤א דָמוּ֙ אֶל־סְעַפֹּתָ֔יו וְעַרְמֹנִ֥ים לֹֽא־הָי֖וּ כְּפֹֽארֹתָ֑יו כָּל־עֵץ֙ בְּגַן־אֱלֹהִ֔ים לֹא־דָמָ֥ה אֵלָ֖יו בְּיָפְיֽוֹ", "text": "*ʾărāzîm* not *ʿămāmuhû* in *gan-ʾĕlōhîm* *bərôšîm* not *dāmû* to *səʿappōtāyw* and *ʿarmōnîm* not *hāyû* like *pōʾrōtāyw* all *ʿēṣ* in *gan-ʾĕlōhîm* not *dāmāh* to him in *yāp̄yô*", "grammar": { "*ʾărāzîm*": "noun, masculine plural - cedars", "*ʿămāmuhû*": "qal perfect 3rd common plural with 3rd masculine singular suffix - they dimmed/hid/surpassed", "*gan-ʾĕlōhîm*": "construct chain - garden of God", "*bərôšîm*": "noun, masculine plural - cypresses/firs", "*dāmû*": "qal perfect 3rd common plural - they resembled/were like", "*səʿappōtāyw*": "noun, feminine plural with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his branches/boughs", "*ʿarmōnîm*": "noun, masculine plural - plane trees/chestnut trees", "*hāyû*": "qal perfect 3rd common plural - they were", "*pōʾrōtāyw*": "noun, feminine plural with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his branches/boughs", "*ʿēṣ*": "noun, masculine singular - tree", "*dāmāh*": "qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - it resembled/was like", "*yāp̄yô*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his beauty" }, "variants": { "*ʿămāmuhû*": "they dimmed him/they equaled him/they surpassed him/they rivaled him", "*bərôšîm*": "cypresses/firs/junipers", "*ʿarmōnîm*": "plane trees/chestnut trees/box trees", "*dāmāh*": "resembled/compared to/was like" } } 9 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.31.9", "source": "יָפֶ֣ה עֲשִׂיתִ֔יו בְּרֹ֖ב דָּֽלִיּוֹתָ֑יו וַיְקַנְאֻ֙הוּ֙ כָּל־עֲצֵי־עֵ֔דֶן אֲשֶׁ֖ר בְּגַ֥ן הָאֱלֹהִֽים", "text": "*yāp̄eh* *ʿăśîtîw* with *rōḇ* *dāliyyôtāyw* and *wayəqanʾuhû* all *ʿăṣê-ʿēden* which in *gan* the *ʾĕlōhîm*", "grammar": { "*yāp̄eh*": "adjective, masculine singular - beautiful/fair", "*ʿăśîtîw*": "qal perfect 1st common singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - I made him", "*rōḇ*": "noun, masculine singular construct - multitude/abundance of", "*dāliyyôtāyw*": "noun, feminine plural with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his branches/boughs", "*wayəqanʾuhû*": "conjunction + piel imperfect 3rd common plural with 3rd masculine singular suffix - and they envied him", "*ʿăṣê-ʿēden*": "construct chain - trees of Eden", "*gan*": "noun, masculine singular construct - garden of", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "noun, masculine plural with definite article - the God/gods" }, "variants": { "*yāp̄eh*": "beautiful/fair/handsome", "*ʿăśîtîw*": "I made him/I created him/I fashioned him", "*wayəqanʾuhû*": "and they envied him/and they were jealous of him", "*ʿăṣê-ʿēden*": "trees of Eden/trees of pleasure/trees of the garden of delight" } } 10 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.31.10", "source": "לָכֵ֗ן כֹּ֤ה אָמַר֙ אֲדֹנָ֣י יְהוִ֔ה יַ֕עַן אֲשֶׁ֥ר גָּבַ֖הְתָּ בְּקוֹמָ֑ה וַיִּתֵּ֤ן צַמַּרְתּוֹ֙ אֶל־בֵּ֣ין עֲבוֹתִ֔ים וְרָ֥ם לְבָב֖וֹ בְּגָבְהֽוֹ", "text": "Therefore *kōh* *ʾāmar* *ʾădōnāy* *YHWH* because which *gāḇahtā* in *qômāh* and *wayyittēn* *ṣammartô* to between *ʿăḇôtîm* and *rām* *ləḇāḇô* in *ḡāḇəhô*", "grammar": { "*kōh*": "adverb - thus/so", "*ʾāmar*": "qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - he said", "*ʾădōnāy*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 1st common singular suffix - my Lord", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - Yahweh/the LORD", "*gāḇahtā*": "qal perfect 2nd masculine singular - you were high/exalted", "*qômāh*": "noun, feminine singular - height/stature", "*wayyittēn*": "conjunction + qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he gave/placed", "*ṣammartô*": "noun, feminine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his top/crown", "*ʿăḇôtîm*": "noun, masculine plural - leafy branches/thick clouds", "*rām*": "qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - was high/exalted", "*ləḇāḇô*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his heart", "*ḡāḇəhô*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his height/exaltation" }, "variants": { "*ʾādōnāy*": "my Lord/Lord/sovereign", "*gāḇahtā*": "you were high/you were exalted/you were lofty", "*ṣammartô*": "his top/his crown/his highest point", "*ʿăḇôtîm*": "thick branches/leafy boughs/clouds/thickets", "*rām*": "was high/was lifted up/was exalted" } } 11 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.31.11", "source": "וְאֶ֨תְּנֵ֔הוּ בְּיַ֖ד אֵ֣יל גּוֹיִ֑ם עָשׂ֤וֹ יַֽעֲשֶׂה֙ ל֔וֹ כְּרִשְׁע֖וֹ גֵּרַשְׁתִּֽהוּ", "text": "And *wəʾettənēhû* in *yad* *ʾêl* *gôyim* *ʿāśô* *yaʿăśeh* to him according to *rišʿô* *gērašətîhû*", "grammar": { "*wəʾettənēhû*": "conjunction + qal imperfect 1st common singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - and I will give him", "*yad*": "noun, feminine singular construct - hand of", "*ʾêl*": "noun, masculine singular construct - mighty one of/ruler of", "*gôyim*": "noun, masculine plural - nations/peoples", "*ʿāśô*": "qal infinitive absolute - doing/surely", "*yaʿăśeh*": "qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - he will do", "*rišʿô*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his wickedness", "*gērašətîhû*": "piel perfect 1st common singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - I drove him out/expelled him" }, "variants": { "*ʾêl*": "mighty one/ruler/ram/powerful one", "*ʿāśô yaʿăśeh*": "he will surely do/he will certainly do/doing he will do", "*rišʿô*": "his wickedness/his evil/his wrongdoing" } } 12 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.31.12", "source": "וַיִּכְרְתֻ֧הוּ זָרִ֛ים עָרִיצֵ֥י גוֹיִ֖ם וַֽיִּטְּשֻׁ֑הוּ אֶל־הֶ֠הָרִים וּבְכָל־גֵּ֨אָי֜וֹת נָפְל֣וּ דָלִיּוֹתָ֗יו וַתִּשָּׁבַ֤רְנָה פֹֽארֹתָיו֙ בְּכֹל֙ אֲפִיקֵ֣י הָאָ֔רֶץ וַיֵּרְד֧וּ מִצִּלּ֛וֹ כָּל־עַמֵּ֥י הָאָ֖רֶץ וַֽיִּטְּשֻֽׁהוּ", "text": "And *wayyikrətuhû* *zārîm* *ʿārîṣê* *gôyim* and *wayyiṭṭəšuhû* to the *hehārîm* and in all *gēʾāyôt* *nāp̄əlû* *dāliyyôtāyw* and *wattissāḇarnāh* *p̄ōʾrōtāyw* in all *ʾăp̄îqê* the *ʾāreṣ* and *wayyērədû* from *ṣillô* all *ʿammê* the *ʾāreṣ* and *wayyiṭṭəšuhû*", "grammar": { "*wayyikrətuhû*": "conjunction + qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural with 3rd masculine singular suffix - and they cut him down", "*zārîm*": "adjective, masculine plural - strangers/foreigners", "*ʿārîṣê*": "adjective, masculine plural construct - terrible/ruthless ones of", "*gôyim*": "noun, masculine plural - nations/peoples", "*wayyiṭṭəšuhû*": "conjunction + qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural with 3rd masculine singular suffix - and they abandoned him", "*hehārîm*": "noun, masculine plural with definite article - the mountains", "*gēʾāyôt*": "noun, feminine plural - valleys", "*nāp̄əlû*": "qal perfect 3rd common plural - they fell", "*dāliyyôtāyw*": "noun, feminine plural with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his branches", "*wattissāḇarnāh*": "conjunction + niphal imperfect 3rd feminine plural - and they were broken", "*p̄ōʾrōtāyw*": "noun, feminine plural with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his boughs", "*ʾăp̄îqê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - channels/ravines of", "*ʾāreṣ*": "noun, feminine singular with definite article - the earth/land", "*wayyērədû*": "conjunction + qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural - and they went down", "*ṣillô*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his shadow", "*ʿammê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - peoples of", "*wayyiṭṭəšuhû*": "conjunction + qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural with 3rd masculine singular suffix - and they abandoned him" }, "variants": { "*zārîm*": "strangers/foreigners/aliens", "*ʿārîṣê*": "terrible ones of/ruthless ones of/tyrants of", "*wayyiṭṭəšuhû*": "and they abandoned him/and they cast him down/and they left him", "*ʾăp̄îqê*": "channels of/ravines of/streambeds of" } } 13 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.31.13", "source": "עַל־מַפַּלְתּ֥וֹ יִשְׁכְּנ֖וּ כָּל־ע֣וֹף הַשָּׁמָ֑יִם וְאֶל־פֹּארֹתָ֣יו הָי֔וּ כֹּ֖ל חַיַּ֥ת הַשָּׂדֶֽה", "text": "Upon *mappalətô* *yiškənû* all *ʿôp̄* the *šāmayim* and upon *pōʾrōtāyw* *hāyû* all *ḥayyat* the *śādeh*", "grammar": { "*mappalətô*": "noun, feminine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his fallen trunk/ruin", "*yiškənû*": "qal imperfect 3rd common plural - they will dwell/settle", "*ʿôp̄*": "noun, masculine singular construct - birds of", "*šāmayim*": "noun, masculine plural with definite article - the heavens", "*pōʾrōtāyw*": "noun, feminine plural with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his boughs", "*hāyû*": "qal perfect 3rd common plural - they were", "*ḥayyat*": "noun, feminine singular construct - living things/beasts of", "*śādeh*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the field" }, "variants": { "*mappalətô*": "his fallen trunk/his ruin/his fallen body", "*yiškənû*": "they will dwell/they will settle/they will rest", "*pōʾrōtāyw*": "his boughs/his branches/his fallen branches" } } 14 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.31.14", "source": "לְמַ֡עַן אֲשֶׁר֩ לֹא־יִגְבְּה֨וּ בְקוֹמָתָ֜ם כָּל־עֲצֵי־מַ֗יִם וְלֹֽא־יִתְּנ֤וּ אֶת־צַמַּרְתָּם֙ אֶל־בֵּ֣ין עֲבֹתִ֔ים וְלֹֽא־יַעַמְד֧וּ אֵלֵיהֶ֛ם בְּגָבְהָ֖ם כָּל־שֹׁ֣תֵי מָ֑יִם כִּֽי־כֻלָּם֩ נִתְּנ֨וּ לַמָּ֜וֶת אֶל־אֶ֣רֶץ תַּחְתִּ֗ית בְּת֛וֹךְ בְּנֵ֥י אָדָ֖ם אֶל־י֥וֹרְדֵי בֽוֹר", "text": "In order that *ʾăšer* not *yigbəhû* in *qômātām* all *ʿăṣê-mayim* and not *yittənû* *ʾet-ṣammartām* to between *ʿăḇōtîm* and not *yaʿamdû* to them in *ḡāḇhām* all *šōtê* *māyim* for *kullām* *nittənû* to the *māwet* to *ʾereṣ* *taḥtît* in midst *bənê* *ʾādām* to *yôrədê* *ḇôr*", "grammar": { "*ʾăšer*": "relative particle - which/that", "*yigbəhû*": "qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural - they will be high/exalted", "*qômātām*": "noun, feminine singular with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their height/stature", "*ʿăṣê-mayim*": "construct chain - trees of water", "*yittənû*": "qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural - they will set/place", "*ʾet-ṣammartām*": "direct object marker + noun, feminine singular with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their top/crown", "*ʿăḇōtîm*": "noun, masculine plural - leafy branches/thick clouds", "*yaʿamdû*": "qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural - they will stand", "*ḡāḇhām*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their height", "*šōtê*": "qal participle, masculine plural construct - drinkers of", "*māyim*": "noun, masculine plural - water", "*kullām*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd masculine plural suffix - all of them", "*nittənû*": "niphal perfect 3rd common plural - they are given/consigned", "*māwet*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the death", "*ʾereṣ*": "noun, feminine singular construct - land of", "*taḥtît*": "adjective, feminine singular - lower/nether", "*bənê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - sons of", "*ʾādām*": "noun, masculine singular - man/humanity", "*yôrədê*": "qal participle, masculine plural construct - those going down to", "*ḇôr*": "noun, masculine singular - pit/grave" }, "variants": { "*ʿăṣê-mayim*": "trees of water/well-watered trees", "*ʾet-ṣammartām*": "their top/their crown/their highest point", "*ʿăḇōtîm*": "thick branches/leafy boughs/clouds/thickets", "*šōtê māyim*": "drinkers of water/well-watered ones", "*ʾereṣ taḥtît*": "lower land/netherworld/underworld" } } 15 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.31.15", "source": "כֹּֽה־אָמַ֞ר אֲדֹנָ֣י יְהוִ֗ה בְּי֨וֹם רִדְתּ֤וֹ שְׁא֙וֹלָה֙ הֶאֱבַ֜לְתִּי כִּסֵּ֤תִי עָלָיו֙ אֶת־תְּה֔וֹם וָֽאֶמְנַע֙ נַהֲרוֹתֶ֔יהָ וַיִּכָּלְא֖וּ מַ֣יִם רַבִּ֑ים וָאַקְדִּ֤ר עָלָיו֙ לְבָנ֔וֹן וְכָל־עֲצֵ֥י הַשָּׂדֶ֖ה עָלָ֥יו עֻלְפֶּֽה", "text": "Thus *ʾāmar* *ʾădōnāy* *YHWH* in day *ridtô* *šəʾôlāh* *heʾĕḇaltî* I covered over him *ʾet-təhôm* and *wāʾemnaʿ* *nahărôtêhā* and *wayyikkāləʾû* *mayim* *rabbîm* and *wāʾaqdir* over him *ləḇānôn* and all *ʿăṣê* the *śādeh* over him *ʿulpeh*", "grammar": { "*ʾāmar*": "qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - he said", "*ʾădōnāy*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 1st common singular suffix - my Lord", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - Yahweh/the LORD", "*ridtô*": "qal infinitive construct with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his going down", "*šəʾôlāh*": "noun, feminine singular with directional he - to Sheol", "*heʾĕḇaltî*": "hiphil perfect 1st common singular - I caused mourning", "*ʾet-təhôm*": "direct object marker + noun, feminine singular - the deep", "*wāʾemnaʿ*": "conjunction + qal imperfect 1st common singular - and I restrained", "*nahărôtêhā*": "noun, feminine plural with 3rd feminine singular suffix - her rivers", "*wayyikkāləʾû*": "conjunction + niphal imperfect 3rd common plural - and they were restrained", "*mayim*": "noun, masculine plural - waters", "*rabbîm*": "adjective, masculine plural - many/abundant", "*wāʾaqdir*": "conjunction + hiphil imperfect 1st common singular - and I caused darkness", "*ləḇānôn*": "proper noun - Lebanon", "*ʿăṣê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - trees of", "*śādeh*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the field", "*ʿulpeh*": "pual perfect 3rd masculine singular - was fainted/mourned" }, "variants": { "*ridtô šəʾôlāh*": "his going down to Sheol/his descent to the grave/his going to the underworld", "*heʾĕḇaltî*": "I caused mourning/I made to mourn/I had mourned", "*wāʾemnaʿ*": "and I restrained/and I withheld/and I held back", "*wāʾaqdir*": "and I darkened/and I clothed in darkness/and I caused mourning for", "*ʿulpeh*": "were faint/languished/wilted/mourned" } } 16 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.31.16", "source": "מִקּ֤וֹל מַפַּלְתּוֹ֙ הִרְעַ֣שְׁתִּי גוֹיִ֔ם בְּהוֹרִדִ֥י אֹת֛וֹ שְׁא֖וֹלָה אֶת־י֣וֹרְדֵי ב֑וֹר וַיִּנָּ֨חֲמ֜וּ בְּאֶ֤רֶץ תַּחְתִּית֙ כָּל־עֲצֵי־עֵ֔דֶן מִבְחַ֥ר וְטוֹב־לְבָנ֖וֹן כָּל־שֹׁ֥תֵי מָֽיִם", "text": "From *qôl* *mappalətô* *hirʿaštî* *gôyim* in *hôrîdî* *ʾōtô* *šəʾôlāh* *ʾet-yôrədê* *ḇôr* and *wayyinnāḥămû* in *ʾereṣ* *taḥtît* all *ʿăṣê-ʿēden* *miḇḥar* and *ṭôḇ-ləḇānôn* all *šōtê* *māyim*", "grammar": { "*qôl*": "noun, masculine singular construct - sound of", "*mappalətô*": "noun, feminine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his fall", "*hirʿaštî*": "hiphil perfect 1st common singular - I caused to shake/tremble", "*gôyim*": "noun, masculine plural - nations", "*hôrîdî*": "hiphil infinitive construct with 1st common singular suffix - my bringing down", "*ʾōtô*": "direct object marker with 3rd masculine singular suffix - him", "*šəʾôlāh*": "noun, feminine singular with directional he - to Sheol", "*ʾet-yôrədê*": "direct object marker + qal participle, masculine plural construct - those who go down to", "*ḇôr*": "noun, masculine singular - pit/grave", "*wayyinnāḥămû*": "conjunction + niphal imperfect 3rd masculine plural - and they were comforted", "*ʾereṣ*": "noun, feminine singular construct - land of", "*taḥtît*": "adjective, feminine singular - lower/nether", "*ʿăṣê-ʿēden*": "construct chain - trees of Eden", "*miḇḥar*": "noun, masculine singular construct - choice of", "*ṭôḇ-ləḇānôn*": "construct chain - good of Lebanon", "*šōtê*": "qal participle, masculine plural construct - drinkers of", "*māyim*": "noun, masculine plural - water" }, "variants": { "*mappalətô*": "his fall/his ruin/his downfall", "*hirʿaštî*": "I caused to shake/I made to tremble/I made quake", "*wayyinnāḥămû*": "and they were comforted/and they consoled themselves/and they were relieved", "*ʾereṣ taḥtît*": "lower land/netherworld/underworld", "*miḇḥar wəṭôḇ-ləḇānôn*": "choice and good of Lebanon/the select and best of Lebanon" } } 17 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.31.17", "source": "גַּם־הֵ֗ם אִתּ֛וֹ יָרְד֥וּ שְׁא֖וֹלָה אֶל־חַלְלֵי־חָ֑רֶב וּזְרֹע֛וֹ יָשְׁב֥וּ בְצִלּ֖וֹ בְּת֥וֹךְ גּוֹיִֽם", "text": "Also *hēm* with him *yārədû* *šəʾôlāh* to *ḥalǝlê-ḥāreḇ* and *zərōʿô* *yāšḇû* in *ḇəṣillô* in midst *gôyim*", "grammar": { "*hēm*": "3rd masculine plural pronoun - they", "*yārədû*": "qal perfect 3rd common plural - they went down", "*šəʾôlāh*": "noun, feminine singular with directional he - to Sheol", "*ḥalǝlê-ḥāreḇ*": "construct chain - slain of sword", "*zərōʿô*": "noun, feminine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his arm/strength", "*yāšḇû*": "qal perfect 3rd common plural - they dwelt/sat", "*ḇəṣillô*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - in his shadow", "*gôyim*": "noun, masculine plural - nations" }, "variants": { "*yārədû šəʾôlāh*": "they went down to Sheol/they descended to the grave/they went to the underworld", "*ḥalǝlê-ḥāreḇ*": "slain of sword/those pierced by sword/victims of sword", "*zərōʿô*": "his arm/his strength/his helpers/those who were his strength", "*ḇəṣillô*": "in his shadow/under his protection/in his shade" } } 18 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.31.18", "source": "אֶל־מִ֨י דָמִ֥יתָ כָּ֛כָה בְּכָב֥וֹד וּבְגֹ֖דֶל בַּעֲצֵי־עֵ֑דֶן וְהוּרַדְתָּ֨ אֶת־עֲצֵי־עֵ֜דֶן אֶל־אֶ֣רֶץ תַּחְתִּ֗ית בְּת֨וֹךְ עֲרֵלִ֤ים תִּשְׁכַּב֙ אֶת־חַלְלֵי־חֶ֔רֶב ה֤וּא פַרְעֹה֙ וְכָל־הֲמוֹנֹ֔ה נְאֻ֖ם אֲדֹנָ֥י יְהוִֽה", "text": "To whom *dāmîtā* thus in *kāḇôd* and in *ḡōdel* among *ʿăṣê-ʿēden* and *hûradtā* *ʾet-ʿăṣê-ʿēden* to *ʾereṣ* *taḥtît* in midst *ʿărēlîm* *tiškab* with *ḥalǝlê-ḥereḇ* he *parʿōh* and all *hămônōh* *nəʾum* *ʾădōnāy* *YHWH*", "grammar": { "*dāmîtā*": "qal perfect 2nd masculine singular - you resembled/were like", "*kāḇôd*": "noun, masculine singular - glory/honor", "*ḡōdel*": "noun, masculine singular - greatness/magnificence", "*ʿăṣê-ʿēden*": "construct chain - trees of Eden", "*hûradtā*": "hophal perfect 2nd masculine singular - you were brought down", "*ʾet-ʿăṣê-ʿēden*": "direct object marker + construct chain - trees of Eden", "*ʾereṣ*": "noun, feminine singular construct - land of", "*taḥtît*": "adjective, feminine singular - lower/nether", "*ʿărēlîm*": "noun, masculine plural - uncircumcised ones", "*tiškab*": "qal imperfect 2nd masculine singular - you will lie down", "*ḥalǝlê-ḥereḇ*": "construct chain - slain of sword", "*parʿōh*": "proper noun - Pharaoh", "*hămônōh*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his multitude", "*nəʾum*": "noun, masculine singular construct - declaration of", "*ʾădōnāy*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 1st common singular suffix - my Lord", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - Yahweh/the LORD" }, "variants": { "*dāmîtā*": "you resembled/you were compared/you were like", "*ʾereṣ taḥtît*": "lower land/netherworld/underworld", "*ʿărēlîm*": "uncircumcised ones/uncircumcised peoples/pagan peoples", "*ḥalǝlê-ḥereḇ*": "slain of sword/those pierced by sword/victims of sword", "*hămônōh*": "his multitude/his crowd/his wealth/his abundance", "*nəʾum*": "declaration of/oracle of/says" } }