Verse 9

{ "verseID": "Exodus.23.9", "source": "וְגֵ֖ר לֹ֣א תִלְחָ֑ץ וְאַתֶּ֗ם יְדַעְתֶּם֙ אֶת־נֶ֣פֶשׁ הַגֵּ֔ר כִּֽי־גֵרִ֥ים הֱיִיתֶ֖ם בְּאֶ֥רֶץ מִצְרָֽיִם׃", "text": "And-*gēr* not *tilḥāṣ* and-you *yĕdaʿtem* *ʾet*-*nepeš* the-*gēr* for-*gērîm* *hĕyîtem* in-*ʾereṣ* *miṣrāyim*", "grammar": { "*gēr*": "noun masculine singular - sojourner/foreigner/stranger", "*tilḥāṣ*": "qal imperfect 2nd person masculine singular - oppress/squeeze/crush", "*yĕdaʿtem*": "qal perfect 2nd person masculine plural - know/understand", "*nepeš*": "noun feminine singular construct - soul/life/inner being", "*gēr*": "noun masculine singular - sojourner/foreigner/stranger", "*gērîm*": "noun masculine plural - sojourners/foreigners/strangers", "*hĕyîtem*": "qal perfect 2nd person masculine plural - were/existed", "*ʾereṣ*": "noun feminine singular construct - land/earth/territory", "*miṣrāyim*": "proper noun - Egypt" }, "variants": { "*gēr*": "sojourner/foreigner/stranger/resident alien", "*tilḥāṣ*": "oppress/squeeze/crush/pressure", "*nepeš*": "soul/life/inner being/feelings/experience", "*ʾereṣ*": "land/earth/territory/country" } }

Other Translations

Referenced Verses

  • Deut 27:19 : 19 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.27.19", "source": "אָר֗וּר מַטֶּ֛ה מִשְׁפַּ֥ט גֵּר־יָת֖וֹם וְאַלְמָנָ֑ה וְאָמַ֥ר כָּל־הָעָ֖ם אָמֵֽן׃", "text": "*ʾārûr* *maṭṭeh* *mišpāṭ* *gēr*-*yātôm* *wə*-*ʾalmānāh* *wə*-*ʾāmar* *kol*-*hāʿām* *ʾāmēn*", "grammar": { "*ʾārûr*": "passive participle, masculine singular - cursed", "*maṭṭeh*": "Hiphil participle, masculine singular construct - one who turns aside/perverts", "*mišpāṭ*": "noun, masculine singular construct - judgment/justice of", "*gēr*": "noun, masculine singular construct - stranger/sojourner/alien", "*yātôm*": "noun, masculine singular - orphan/fatherless", "*wə*-*ʾalmānāh*": "conjunction + noun, feminine singular - and widow", "*wə*-*ʾāmar*": "conjunction + Qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - and shall say", "*kol*-*hāʿām*": "noun construct + definite article + noun - all the people", "*ʾāmēn*": "interjection - so be it/truly/verily" }, "variants": { "*ʾārûr*": "cursed/under a curse", "*maṭṭeh*": "one who turns aside/perverts/distorts", "*mišpāṭ*": "judgment/justice/legal right", "*gēr*": "stranger/sojourner/foreigner/resident alien", "*yātôm*": "orphan/fatherless one", "*ʾalmānāh*": "widow/widowed woman", "*ʾāmar*": "say/speak/declare", "*ʾāmēn*": "truly/so be it/confirmed" } }
  • Exod 22:21 : 21 { "verseID": "Exodus.22.21", "source": "כָּל־אַלְמָנָ֥ה וְיָת֖וֹם לֹ֥א תְעַנּֽוּן׃", "text": "All *ʾalmānâ* and *yātôm* not *tĕʿannûn*.", "grammar": { "*ʾalmānâ*": "feminine singular noun, 'widow'", "*yātôm*": "masculine singular noun, 'orphan/fatherless'", "*tĕʿannûn*": "piel imperfect, 2nd masculine plural, 'you shall afflict'" }, "variants": { "*yātôm*": "orphan/fatherless child", "*tĕʿannûn*": "afflict/mistreat/oppress" } }
  • Deut 10:19 : 19 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.10.19", "source": "וַאֲהַבְתֶּ֖ם אֶת־הַגֵּ֑ר כִּֽי־גֵרִ֥ים הֱיִיתֶ֖ם בְּאֶ֥רֶץ מִצְרָֽיִם׃", "text": "And *waʾăhabtem* *ʾet* the *gēr* for *gērîm* *hĕyîtem* in *ʾereṣ* *Miṣrāyim*", "grammar": { "*waʾăhabtem*": "qal perfect 2nd masculine plural with waw - and you shall love", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*gēr*": "masculine singular with definite article - the stranger", "*gērîm*": "masculine plural - strangers", "*hĕyîtem*": "qal perfect 2nd masculine plural - you were", "*ʾereṣ*": "feminine singular construct with prefixed preposition bet - in land of", "*Miṣrāyim*": "proper name - Egypt" }, "variants": { "*ʾāhēb*": "love/have affection for", "*gēr*": "stranger/sojourner/resident alien", "*hāyāh*": "be/exist/become", "*ʾereṣ*": "land/country/territory" } }
  • Deut 24:14-18 : 14 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.24.14", "source": "לֹא־תַעֲשֹׁ֥ק שָׂכִ֖יר עָנִ֣י וְאֶבְי֑וֹן מֵאַחֶ֕יךָ א֧וֹ מִגֵּרְךָ֛ אֲשֶׁ֥ר בְּאַרְצְךָ֖ בִּשְׁעָרֶֽיךָ׃", "text": "Not *taʿăšōq* *śākîr* *ʿānî* and *ʾebyôn* from your brothers or from your *gērkā* who in your land in your gates.", "grammar": { "*taʿăšōq*": "qal imperfect 2nd masculine singular - you oppress", "*śākîr*": "masculine singular noun - hired worker", "*ʿānî*": "adjective masculine singular - poor/afflicted", "*ʾebyôn*": "adjective masculine singular - needy/destitute", "*gērkā*": "masculine singular noun with 2nd masculine singular suffix - your sojourner/foreigner" }, "variants": { "*taʿăšōq*": "oppress/exploit/withhold wages from", "*śākîr*": "hired worker/employee/laborer", "*gērkā*": "your foreigner/your resident alien/your stranger" } } 15 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.24.15", "source": "בְּיוֹמוֹ֩ תִתֵּ֨ן שְׂכָר֜וֹ וְֽלֹא־תָב֧וֹא עָלָ֣יו הַשֶּׁ֗מֶשׁ כִּ֤י עָנִי֙ ה֔וּא וְאֵלָ֕יו ה֥וּא נֹשֵׂ֖א אֶת־נַפְשׁ֑וֹ וְלֹֽא־יִקְרָ֤א עָלֶ֙יךָ֙ אֶל־יְהוָ֔ה וְהָיָ֥ה בְךָ֖ חֵֽטְא׃", "text": "In his day *tittēn* his *śəkārô* and not *tābôʾ* upon him *haššemeš*, for *ʿānî* *hûʾ* and to it *hûʾ* *nōśēʾ* *ʾet*-his *napšô*; and not *yiqrāʾ* against you to *YHWH* and *hāyâ* in you *ḥēṭə*.", "grammar": { "*tittēn*": "qal imperfect 2nd masculine singular - you shall give", "*śəkārô*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his wages", "*tābôʾ*": "qal imperfect 3rd feminine singular - it sets", "*haššemeš*": "definite feminine singular noun - the sun", "*ʿānî*": "adjective masculine singular - poor/afflicted", "*hûʾ*": "3rd masculine singular pronoun - he", "*nōśēʾ*": "qal participle masculine singular - lifting/setting", "*napšô*": "feminine singular noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his soul/life", "*yiqrāʾ*": "qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - he calls/cries out", "*hāyâ*": "qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - there will be", "*ḥēṭə*": "masculine singular noun - sin" }, "variants": { "*nōśēʾ* *ʾet*-his *napšô*": "sets his heart upon it/lifts his soul to it/depends on it for his life", "*yiqrāʾ* against you to *YHWH*": "cry out against you to YHWH/call to YHWH about you" } } 16 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.24.16", "source": "לֹֽא־יוּמְת֤וּ אָבוֹת֙ עַל־בָּנִ֔ים וּבָנִ֖ים לֹא־יוּמְת֣וּ עַל־אָב֑וֹת אִ֥יש בְּחֶטְא֖וֹ יוּמָֽתוּ׃", "text": "Not *yûmətû* *ʾābôt* for *bānîm*, and *bānîm* not *yûmətû* for *ʾābôt*; *ʾîš* in his *ḥeṭʾô* *yûmātû*.", "grammar": { "*yûmətû*": "hophal imperfect 3rd masculine plural - they shall be put to death", "*ʾābôt*": "masculine plural noun - fathers", "*bānîm*": "masculine plural noun - sons", "*ʾîš*": "masculine singular noun - man/each", "*ḥeṭʾô*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his sin", "*yûmātû*": "hophal imperfect 3rd masculine plural - they shall be put to death" }, "variants": { "*ʾîš* in his *ḥeṭʾô*": "each for his own sin/each person for his own offense" } } 17 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.24.17", "source": "לֹ֣א תַטֶּ֔ה מִשְׁפַּ֖ט גֵּ֣ר יָת֑וֹם וְלֹ֣א תַחֲבֹ֔ל בֶּ֖גֶד אַלְמָנָֽה׃", "text": "Not *taṭṭeh* *mišpaṭ* *gēr* *yātôm*, and not *taḥăbōl* *beged* *ʾalmānâ*.", "grammar": { "*taṭṭeh*": "hiphil imperfect 2nd masculine singular - you pervert/distort", "*mišpaṭ*": "masculine singular construct - justice of", "*gēr*": "masculine singular noun - sojourner/foreigner", "*yātôm*": "masculine singular noun - orphan/fatherless", "*taḥăbōl*": "qal imperfect 2nd masculine singular - you take as pledge", "*beged*": "masculine singular noun - garment/clothing", "*ʾalmānâ*": "feminine singular noun - widow" }, "variants": { "*taṭṭeh* *mišpaṭ*": "pervert justice/distort judgment", "*gēr*": "foreigner/sojourner/resident alien" } } 18 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.24.18", "source": "וְזָכַרְתָּ֗ כִּ֣י עֶ֤בֶד הָיִ֙יתָ֙ בְּמִצְרַ֔יִם וַֽיִּפְדְּךָ֛ יְהוָ֥ה אֱלֹהֶ֖יךָ מִשָּׁ֑ם עַל־כֵּ֞ן אָנֹכִ֤י מְצַוְּךָ֙ לַעֲשׂ֔וֹת אֶת־הַדָּבָ֖ר הַזֶּֽה׃", "text": "And *zākartā* that *ʿebed* *hāyîtā* in *Miṣrayim* and *wayyipdəkā* *YHWH* *ʾĕlōhêkā* from there; therefore *ʾānōkî* *məṣawwəkā* to do *ʾet*-*haddābār* *hazzeh*.", "grammar": { "*zākartā*": "qal perfect 2nd masculine singular - you shall remember", "*ʿebed*": "masculine singular noun - slave/servant", "*hāyîtā*": "qal perfect 2nd masculine singular - you were", "*wayyipdəkā*": "qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular consecutive with 2nd masculine singular suffix - he redeemed you", "*ʾānōkî*": "1st common singular independent pronoun - I", "*məṣawwəkā*": "piel participle masculine singular with 2nd masculine singular suffix - commanding you", "*haddābār*": "definite masculine singular noun - the thing/matter", "*hazzeh*": "definite demonstrative masculine singular - this" }, "variants": { "*wayyipdəkā*": "he redeemed you/he ransomed you/he rescued you" } }
  • Exod 21:21 : 21 { "verseID": "Exodus.21.21", "source": "אַךְ אִם־יוֹם אוֹ יוֹמַיִם יַעֲמֹד לֹא יֻקַּם כִּי כַסְפּוֹ הוּא", "text": "*ʾak* *ʾim-yôm* *ʾô* *yômayim* *yaʿamōd* *lōʾ* *yuqqam* *kî* *kaspô* *hûʾ*", "grammar": { "*ʾak*": "adverb - however/but", "*ʾim*": "conjunction - if", "*yôm*": "masculine singular noun - a day", "*ʾô*": "conjunction - or", "*yômayim*": "masculine dual noun - two days", "*yaʿamōd*": "qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he continues", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*yuqqam*": "hophal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he shall be avenged", "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*kaspô*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his money", "*hûʾ*": "3rd person masculine singular pronoun - he" }, "variants": { "*ʾak*": "however/but/nevertheless", "*yaʿamōd*": "continues/remains/survives", "*yuqqam*": "shall be avenged/shall be punished", "*kaspô hûʾ*": "he is his money/he is his property/he was bought with his money" } }
  • Ps 94:6 : 6 { "verseID": "Psalms.94.6", "source": "אַ֭לְמָנָה וְגֵ֣ר יַהֲרֹ֑גוּ וִֽיתוֹמִ֣ים יְרַצֵּֽחוּ", "text": "*ʾalmānāh* *wə-gēr* *yahărōgû* *wîtômîm* *yəraṣṣēḥû*", "grammar": { "*ʾalmānāh*": "noun, feminine, singular - widow", "*wə-gēr*": "conjunction + noun, masculine, singular - and stranger/sojourner", "*yahărōgû*": "verb, qal, imperfect, 3rd person, masculine, plural - they kill/slay", "*wîtômîm*": "conjunction + noun, masculine, plural - and orphans", "*yəraṣṣēḥû*": "verb, piel, imperfect, 3rd person, masculine, plural - they murder" }, "variants": { "*ʾalmānāh*": "widow", "*gēr*": "stranger/sojourner/resident alien", "*yahărōgû*": "kill/slay/put to death", "*yətômîm*": "orphans/fatherless", "*yəraṣṣēḥû*": "murder/slay/kill" } }
  • Ezek 22:7 : 7 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.22.7", "source": "אָ֤ב וָאֵם֙ הֵקַ֣לּוּ בָ֔ךְ לַגֵּ֛ר עָשׂ֥וּ בַעֹ֖שֶׁק בְּתוֹכֵ֑ךְ יָת֥וֹם וְאַלְמָנָ֖ה ה֥וֹנוּ בָֽךְ׃", "text": "*ʾāḇ* and *ʾēm* they *hēqallû* in you, to the *gēr* they *ʿāśû* in *ʿōšeq* in *ṯôḵēḵ*; *yāṯôm* and *ʾalmānāh* they *hônû* in you", "grammar": { "*ʾāḇ*": "masculine singular noun - 'father'", "*ʾēm*": "feminine singular noun - 'mother'", "*hēqallû*": "hiphil perfect, 3rd plural - 'they treated lightly/dishonored'", "*gēr*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - 'the sojourner'", "*ʿāśû*": "qal perfect, 3rd plural - 'they did/made'", "*ʿōšeq*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - 'the oppression'", "*ṯôḵēḵ*": "masculine singular noun with 2nd feminine singular suffix - 'your midst'", "*yāṯôm*": "masculine singular noun - 'orphan'", "*ʾalmānāh*": "feminine singular noun - 'widow'", "*hônû*": "hiphil perfect, 3rd plural - 'they oppressed/wronged'" }, "variants": { "*hēqallû*": "treated lightly/dishonored/cursed", "*gēr*": "sojourner/alien/foreigner", "*ʿōšeq*": "oppression/extortion/violence", "*hônû*": "oppressed/wronged/defrauded" } }
  • Matt 18:33 : 33 { "verseID": "Matthew.18.33", "source": "Οὐκ ἔδει καὶ σὲ ἐλεῆσαι τὸν σύνδουλόν σου, ὡς καὶ ἐγώ σε ἠλέησα;", "text": "Not *edei* also you *eleēsai* the *syndoulon* of you, as also I you *ēleēsa*?", "grammar": { "*edei*": "verb, imperfect, active, indicative, 3rd person, singular - it was necessary", "*eleēsai*": "verb, aorist, active, infinitive - to have mercy on", "*syndoulon*": "noun, accusative, masculine, singular - fellow servant/slave", "*ēleēsa*": "verb, aorist, active, indicative, 1st person, singular - I had mercy on" }, "variants": { "*edei*": "it was necessary/ought/should have", "*eleēsai*": "to have mercy on/have compassion on/pity", "*syndoulon*": "fellow servant/fellow slave", "*ēleēsa*": "I had mercy on/had compassion on/pitied" } }
  • Heb 2:17-18 : 17 { "verseID": "Hebrews.2.17", "source": "Ὅθεν ὤφειλεν κατὰ πάντα τοῖς ἀδελφοῖς ὁμοιωθῆναι, ἵνα ἐλεήμων γένηται καὶ πιστὸς ἀρχιερεὺς τὰ πρὸς τὸν Θεόν, εἰς τὸ ἱλάσκεσθαι τὰς ἁμαρτίας τοῦ λαοῦ.", "text": "*Hothen ōpheilen kata panta* to the *adelphois homoiōthēnai*, so that *eleēmōn genētai* and *pistos archiereus* in things *pros* the *Theon*, for *hilaskesthai* the *hamartias* of the *laou*.", "grammar": { "*Hothen*": "conjunction - therefore/wherefore", "*ōpheilen*": "imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular - he was obligated", "*kata panta*": "prepositional phrase - in all things", "*adelphois*": "dative masculine plural - to brothers", "*homoiōthēnai*": "aorist passive infinitive - to be made like", "*eleēmōn*": "adjective, nominative masculine singular - merciful", "*genētai*": "aorist middle subjunctive, 3rd singular - he might become", "*pistos*": "adjective, nominative masculine singular - faithful", "*archiereus*": "nominative masculine singular - high priest", "*pros*": "preposition with accusative - toward/with respect to", "*Theon*": "accusative masculine singular - God", "*hilaskesthai*": "present middle/passive infinitive - to make propitiation for", "*hamartias*": "accusative feminine plural - sins", "*laou*": "genitive masculine singular - of people" }, "variants": { "*Hothen*": "therefore/wherefore/from which", "*ōpheilen*": "was obligated/ought/had to", "*homoiōthēnai*": "to be made like/to be made similar to", "*eleēmōn*": "merciful/compassionate", "*genētai*": "might become/might be", "*pistos*": "faithful/reliable/trustworthy", "*archiereus*": "high priest/chief priest", "*hilaskesthai*": "to make propitiation for/to expiate/to appease", "*hamartias*": "sins/failures/wrongdoings", "*laou*": "people/nation/crowd" } } 18 { "verseID": "Hebrews.2.18", "source": "Ἐν ᾧ γὰρ πέπονθεν αὐτὸς πειρασθείς, δύναται τοῖς πειραζομένοις βοηθῆσαι.", "text": "*En hō gar peponthen* himself *peirastheis*, he *dynatai* those *peirazomenois boēthēsai*.", "grammar": { "*En hō*": "prepositional phrase with relative pronoun - in that which", "*gar*": "conjunction - for", "*peponthen*": "perfect active indicative, 3rd singular - he has suffered", "*peirastheis*": "aorist passive participle, nominative masculine singular - having been tempted", "*dynatai*": "present middle/passive indicative, 3rd singular - he is able", "*peirazomenois*": "present passive participle, dative masculine plural - to those being tempted", "*boēthēsai*": "aorist active infinitive - to help" }, "variants": { "*peponthen*": "has suffered/experienced/endured", "*peirastheis*": "having been tempted/tested/tried", "*dynatai*": "is able/can/has power", "*peirazomenois*": "being tempted/tested/tried", "*boēthēsai*": "to help/aid/assist" } }