Verse 20

{ "verseID": "Isaiah.44.20", "source": "רֹעֶ֣ה אֵ֔פֶר לֵ֥ב הוּתַ֖ל הִטָּ֑הוּ וְלֹֽא־יַצִּ֤יל אֶת־נַפְשׁוֹ֙ וְלֹ֣א יֹאמַ֔ר הֲל֥וֹא שֶׁ֖קֶר בִּימִינִֽי׃", "text": "*rōʿeh* *ʾēp̄er* *lēḇ* *hûṯal* *hiṭṭāhû* *wəlōʾ-yaṣṣîl* *ʾeṯ-nap̄šô* *wəlōʾ* *yōʾmar* *hălôʾ* *šeqer* *bîmînî*", "grammar": { "*rōʿeh*": "verb, qal participle, masculine singular - feeding on", "*ʾēp̄er*": "noun, masculine singular - ashes", "*lēḇ*": "noun, masculine singular - heart", "*hûṯal*": "verb, hophal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - is deceived", "*hiṭṭāhû*": "verb, hiphil perfect, 3rd person masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - has led him astray", "*wəlōʾ-yaṣṣîl*": "conjunction + negative particle + verb, hiphil imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - and he cannot deliver", "*ʾeṯ-nap̄šô*": "direct object marker + noun, feminine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his soul", "*wəlōʾ*": "conjunction + negative particle - and not", "*yōʾmar*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he says", "*hălôʾ*": "interrogative particle + negative particle - is not", "*šeqer*": "noun, masculine singular - a lie", "*bîmînî*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular with 1st person singular suffix - in my right hand" }, "variants": { "*rōʿeh ʾēp̄er*": "feeding on ashes/shepherding ashes/tending to ashes", "*lēḇ hûṯal*": "a deceived heart/a deluded heart", "*hiṭṭāhû*": "has led him astray/has turned him aside/has deluded him", "*yaṣṣîl*": "deliver/save/rescue", "*nap̄šô*": "his soul/his life/himself", "*šeqer*": "lie/falsehood/deception", "*bîmînî*": "in my right hand/in my power" } }

Other Translations

• GT, oversatt fra Hebraisk

  Den som driver med aske, hans hjerte er forført av bedrag, slik at han ikke kan redde sin sjel eller si: Er det ikke en løgn jeg bærer i min høyre hånd?

• Moderne oversettelse av Bibelen fra 1611 KJV med hebraisk kontekst

  Han nærer seg på aske. Et forført hjerte har vendt ham bort, så han ikke kan redde sin egen sjel, og han kan ikke si: 'Er det ikke en løgn i min høyre hånd?'.

• Norsk King James

  Han lever av aske: et bedratt hjerte har ført ham bort, så han ikke kan redde sin sjel, og si: Er det ikke en løgn i min høyre hånd?

• Modernisert Norsk Bibel 1866

  Han ernærer seg med aske; hans bedragne hjerte har fått ham til å gå vill, så han ikke kan redde sin sjel og ikke sier: Er det ikke løgn i min høyre hånd?

• Oversettelse av hebraiske Bibeltekster til moderne norsk bokmål

  Den som lever av asken, det bedragne hjerte har ført ham vill og kan ikke redde sin sjel, heller ikke si: 'Er det ikke løgn i min høyre hånd?'

• Bibelen: En Moderne Oversettelse av King James Version 1611

  Han lever av aske, et forført hjerte har ført ham vill, slik at han ikke kan redde sin sjel, og heller ikke si: Er det ikke en løgn i min høyre hånd?

• o3-mini KJV Norsk

  Han lever av aske; et villedet hjerte har tatt ham på villspor, slik at han ikke kan redde sin sjel eller erklære: 'Er det ikke en bedrag i min høyre hånd?'

• En Moderne Oversettelse av King James Version 1611 (mar 2025)

  Han lever av aske, et forført hjerte har ført ham vill, slik at han ikke kan redde sin sjel, og heller ikke si: Er det ikke en løgn i min høyre hånd?

• Lingvistisk bibeloversettelse fra grunntekst

  Han ernærer seg av aske, et bedradd hjerte har villledet ham, så han ikke kan redde sin sjel eller si: Er det ikke en løgn i min høyre hånd?

• Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts

  He feeds on ashes. A deceived heart has led him astray, and he cannot save himself or say, 'Isn't there a lie in my right hand?'

• GT, oversatt fra hebraisk Aug2024

  Den, som heller aske, et forført hjerte har avviket ham, og han redder ikke seg selv og sier ikke: 'Er det ikke løgn i min høyre hånd?'

• Original Norsk Bibel 1866

  Han føder sig med Aske, (hans) Hjerte er bedraget, og det haver bøiet ham (af Veien), og han skal ikke redde sin Sjæl og ei sige: Er det ikke Bedrageri, som er gjort ved min høire Haand?

• King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)

  He feedeth on ashes: a deceived heart hath turned him aside, that he cannot deliver his soul, nor say, Is there not a lie in my right hand?

• KJV1611 - Moderne engelsk

  He feeds on ashes: a deceived heart has turned him aside, that he cannot deliver his soul, nor say, Is there not a lie in my right hand?

• King James Version 1611 (Original)

  He feedeth on ashes: a deceived heart hath turned him aside, that he cannot deliver his soul, nor say, Is there not a lie in my right hand?

• Norsk oversettelse av Webster

  Han ernærer seg med aske; et forført hjerte har vendt ham bort; han kan ikke redde sin sjel, eller si: Er det ikke en løgn i min høyre hånd?

• Norsk oversettelse av Youngs Literal Translation

  Den som nærer seg av aske, er et bedratt hjerte som har vendt ham bort. Han redder ikke sin sjel, ei heller sier han: Er det ikke en løgn i min høyre hånd?

• Norsk oversettelse av ASV1901

  Han lever av aske; et bedratt hjerte har ført ham vill, og han kan ikke redde sin sjel, og han sier ikke: Er det ikke en løgn i min høyre hånd?

• Norsk oversettelse av BBE

  Når det gjelder ham hvis mat er asken fra et dødt bål, har han blitt vendt fra veien av et forvrengt sinn, slik at han er ute av stand til å holde seg trygg ved å si: Det jeg har her i hånden er usant.

• Coverdale Bible (1535)

  The kepinge of dust, and folishnesse of herte hath turned them a syde: so that none of them can haue a fre conscience to thinke: maye not I erre?

• Geneva Bible (1560)

  He feedeth of ashes: a seduced heart hath deceiued him, that he cannot deliuer his soule, nor say, Is there not a lye in my right hand?

• Bishops' Bible (1568)

  Thus doth he but lose his labour, and his heart whiche is deceaued doth turne hym aside, so that none of them can haue a free conscience to thinke, Do not I erre?

• Authorized King James Version (1611)

  He feedeth on ashes: a deceived heart hath turned him aside, that he cannot deliver his soul, nor say, [Is there] not a lie in my right hand?

• Webster's Bible (1833)

  He feeds on ashes; a deceived heart has turned him aside; and he can't deliver his soul, nor say, Is there not a lie in my right hand?

• Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

  Feeding on ashes, the heart is deceived, It hath turned him aside, And he delivereth not his soul, nor saith: `Is there not a lie in my right hand?'

• American Standard Version (1901)

  He feedeth on ashes; a deceived heart hath turned him aside; and he cannot deliver his soul, nor say, Is there not a lie in my right hand?

• Bible in Basic English (1941)

  As for him whose food is the dust of a dead fire, he has been turned from the way by a twisted mind, so that he is unable to keep himself safe by saying, What I have here in my hand is false.

• World English Bible (2000)

  He feeds on ashes. A deceived heart has turned him aside; and he can't deliver his soul, nor say, "Isn't there a lie in my right hand?"

• NET Bible® (New English Translation)

  He feeds on ashes; his deceived mind misleads him. He cannot rescue himself, nor does he say,‘Is this not a false god I hold in my right hand?’

Referenced Verses

• Job 15:31 : 31 { "verseID": "Job.15.31", "source": "אַל־יַאֲמֵן בַּשָּׁיו נִתְעָה כִּי־שָׁוְא תִּהְיֶה תְמוּרָתוֹ", "text": "*ʾal-yaʾămēn* *baššāw* *nitʿāh* *kî-šāwəʾ* *tihyeh* *təmûrātô*", "grammar": { "*ʾal-yaʾămēn*": "negative particle + hiphil imperfect jussive, 3rd masculine singular - let him not trust", "*baššāw*": "preposition + definite article + noun, masculine singular - in vanity", "*nitʿāh*": "niphal participle, masculine singular - deceived", "*kî-šāwəʾ*": "conjunction + noun, masculine singular - for emptiness", "*tihyeh*": "qal imperfect, 3rd feminine singular - will be", "*təmûrātô*": "noun, feminine singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his recompense" }, "variants": { "*ʾāman*": "to believe, trust, have faith in", "*šāw*": "vanity, falsehood, worthlessness", "*tāʿāh*": "to wander, stray, err", "*šāwəʾ*": "emptiness, vanity, falsehood", "*hāyāh*": "to be, become, happen", "*təmûrāh*": "exchange, recompense, substitute" } }
• Ps 102:9 : 9 { "verseID": "Psalms.102.9", "source": "כָּל־הַ֭יּוֹם חֵרְפ֣וּנִי אוֹיְבָ֑י מְ֝הוֹלָלַ֗י בִּ֣י נִשְׁבָּֽעוּ׃", "text": "All *hayyôm* *ḥērpûnî* *ʾôyᵉḇāy* *mᵉhôlālay* by me *nišbāʿû*", "grammar": { "*kāl*": "adjective, masculine singular construct - all/whole", "*hayyôm*": "article + noun, masculine singular - the day", "*ḥērpûnî*": "verb, Piel perfect, 3rd common plural + 1st person singular suffix - they reproach me", "*ʾôyᵉḇāy*": "noun, masculine plural + 1st person singular suffix - my enemies", "*mᵉhôlālay*": "Poel participle, masculine plural + 1st person singular suffix - my mockers/those raging against me", "*bî*": "preposition + 1st person singular suffix - by/against me", "*nišbāʿû*": "verb, Niphal perfect, 3rd common plural - they swear" }, "variants": { "*hayyôm*": "the day/all day", "*ḥērpûnî*": "they reproach me/taunt me/insult me", "*ʾôyᵉḇāy*": "my enemies/adversaries", "*mᵉhôlālay*": "my mockers/those raging against me/those who deride me", "*nišbāʿû*": "they swear/take an oath" } }
• Hos 4:12 : 12 { "verseID": "Hosea.4.12", "source": "עַמִּי֙ בְּעֵצ֣וֹ יִשְׁאָ֔ל וּמַקְל֖וֹ יַגִּ֣יד ל֑וֹ כִּ֣י ר֤וּחַ זְנוּנִים֙ הִתְעָ֔ה וַיִּזְנ֖וּ מִתַּ֥חַת אֱלֹהֵיהֶֽם׃", "text": "*ʿammî* *bə-ʿēṣô* *yišʾāl* *û-maqlô* *yaggîd* *lô* *kî* *rûaḥ* *zənûnîm* *hitʿâ* *wa-yiznû* *mi-ttaḥat* *ʾĕlōhêhem*", "grammar": { "*ʿammî*": "noun + 1st person singular suffix - my people", "*bə-ʿēṣô*": "preposition + noun + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - in/with his wood/wooden idol", "*yišʾāl*": "imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he asks/inquires", "*û-maqlô*": "conjunction + noun + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - and his staff/rod", "*yaggîd*": "imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular, hiphil - it tells/informs/declares", "*lô*": "preposition + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - to him", "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*rûaḥ*": "noun, feminine singular construct - spirit of", "*zənûnîm*": "noun, masculine plural - harlotries/prostitutions", "*hitʿâ*": "perfect, 3rd person masculine singular, hiphil - it led astray", "*wa-yiznû*": "conjunction + imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural - and they commit fornication", "*mi-ttaḥat*": "preposition + preposition - from under", "*ʾĕlōhêhem*": "noun, masculine plural + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their God" }, "variants": { "*ʿēṣ*": "wood/tree/wooden idol", "*šāʾal*": "ask/inquire/request", "*maqqēl*": "staff/rod/stick/divining rod", "*nāgad* (hiphil)": "tell/inform/declare/announce", "*rûaḥ*": "spirit/wind/breath", "*zənûnîm*": "harlotry/prostitution/unfaithfulness", "*tāʿâ* (hiphil)": "lead astray/cause to wander/mislead", "*mi-ttaḥat*": "from under/from beneath" } }
• Hos 12:1 : 1 { "verseID": "Hosea.12.1", "source": "סְבָבֻ֤נִי בְכַ֙חַשׁ֙ אֶפְרַ֔יִם וּבְמִרְמָ֖ה בֵּ֣ית יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל וִֽיהוּדָ֗ה עֹ֥ד רָד֙ עִם־אֵ֔ל וְעִם־קְדוֹשִׁ֖ים נֶאֱמָֽן׃", "text": "*sĕbābunî* in-*kaḥaš* *ʾeprayim* *û*-in-*mirmâ* *bêt yiśrāʾēl* *vî-yĕhûdâ* yet *rād* with-*ʾēl* *vĕ*-with-*qĕdôšîm* *neʾĕmān*", "grammar": { "*sĕbābunî*": "verb, qal perfect 3rd plural with 1st singular suffix - they surround me", "*kaḥaš*": "noun, masculine singular - deceit/falsehood/lies", "*ʾeprayim*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Ephraim (tribe/kingdom)", "*û*": "conjunction - and", "*mirmâ*": "noun, feminine singular - deceit/treachery", "*bêt yiśrāʾēl*": "construct phrase - house of Israel", "*vî-yĕhûdâ*": "conjunction + proper noun - and Judah", "*rād*": "verb, qal participle masculine singular - roams/wanders/rules", "*ʾēl*": "noun, masculine singular - God/divine being", "*vĕ*": "conjunction - and", "*qĕdôšîm*": "adjective, masculine plural - holy ones/saints", "*neʾĕmān*": "verb, niphal participle masculine singular - faithful/trustworthy" }, "variants": { "*sĕbābunî*": "surround me/encompass me/encircle me", "*kaḥaš*": "deceit/lying/falsehood", "*rād*": "wanders/roams/rules/dominates", "*ʾēl*": "God/divine being/power", "*qĕdôšîm*": "holy ones/saints/holy beings" } }
• Rom 1:25 : 25 { "verseID": "Romans.1.25", "source": "Οἵτινες μετήλλαξαν τὴν ἀλήθειαν τοῦ Θεοῦ ἐν τῷ ψεύδει, καὶ ἐσεβάσθησαν καὶ ἐλάτρευσαν τῇ κτίσει παρὰ τὸν Κτίσαντα, ὅς ἐστιν εὐλογητὸς εἰς τοὺς αἰῶνας. Ἀμήν.", "text": "*Hoitines* *metēllaxan* the *alētheian* the *Theou* *en* the *pseudei*, *kai* *esebasthēsan* *kai* *elatreusan* the *ktisei* *para* the *Ktisanta*, *hos* *estin* *eulogētos* *eis* the *aiōnas*. *Amēn*.", "grammar": { "*Hoitines*": "nominative, masculine, plural, relative pronoun - who", "*metēllaxan*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person plural - they exchanged", "*alētheian*": "accusative, feminine, singular - truth", "*Theou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - of God", "*en*": "preposition + dative - for", "*pseudei*": "dative, neuter, singular - lie", "*kai*": "conjunction - and", "*esebasthēsan*": "aorist passive indicative, 3rd person plural - they worshiped/revered", "*kai*": "conjunction - and", "*elatreusan*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person plural - they served", "*ktisei*": "dative, feminine, singular - creation", "*para*": "preposition + accusative - rather than/beyond", "*Ktisanta*": "aorist active participle, accusative, masculine, singular - Creator/the one who created", "*hos*": "nominative, masculine, singular, relative pronoun - who", "*estin*": "present active indicative, 3rd person singular - is", "*eulogētos*": "nominative, masculine, singular, adjective - blessed", "*eis*": "preposition + accusative - for", "*aiōnas*": "accusative, masculine, plural - ages", "*Amēn*": "Hebrew transliteration - amen/truly" }, "variants": { "*metēllaxan*": "they exchanged/changed/altered", "*alētheian*": "truth/reality", "*pseudei*": "lie/falsehood", "*esebasthēsan*": "they worshiped/revered/venerated", "*elatreusan*": "they served/ministered to/rendered religious service", "*ktisei*": "creation/created thing", "*Ktisanta*": "Creator/the one who created", "*eulogētos*": "blessed/praised/worthy of praise", "*aiōnas*": "ages/eternities/forever" } }
• Rom 1:28 : 28 { "verseID": "Romans.1.28", "source": "Καὶ καθὼς οὐκ ἐδοκίμασαν τὸν Θεὸν ἔχειν ἐν ἐπιγνώσει, παρέδωκεν αὐτοὺς ὁ Θεὸς εἰς ἀδόκιμον νοῦν, ποιεῖν τὰ μὴ καθήκοντα·", "text": "*Kai* *kathōs* *ouk* *edokimasan* the *Theon* *echein* *en* *epignōsei*, *paredōken* *autous* the *Theos* *eis* *adokimon* *noun*, *poiein* the *mē* *kathēkonta*·", "grammar": { "*Kai*": "conjunction - and", "*kathōs*": "adverb - just as", "*ouk*": "negative particle - not", "*edokimasan*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person plural - they approved", "*Theon*": "accusative, masculine, singular - God", "*echein*": "present active infinitive - to have/retain", "*en*": "preposition + dative - in", "*epignōsei*": "dative, feminine, singular - knowledge", "*paredōken*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person singular - he gave over", "*autous*": "accusative, masculine, plural, personal pronoun - them", "*Theos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - God", "*eis*": "preposition + accusative - to", "*adokimon*": "accusative, masculine, singular, adjective - debased/reprobate", "*noun*": "accusative, masculine, singular - mind", "*poiein*": "present active infinitive - to do", "*mē*": "negative particle - not", "*kathēkonta*": "present active participle, accusative, neuter, plural - fitting/proper things" }, "variants": { "*edokimasan*": "they approved/thought fit/tested", "*echein*": "to have/retain/acknowledge", "*epignōsei*": "knowledge/recognition/full knowledge", "*paredōken*": "he gave over/delivered/handed over", "*adokimon*": "debased/reprobate/unapproved", "*noun*": "mind/understanding/intellect", "*kathēkonta*": "fitting/proper/appropriate things" } }
• 2 Thess 2:9-9 : 9 { "verseID": "2Thessalonians.2.9", "source": "Οὗ ἐστιν ἡ παρουσία κατʼ ἐνέργειαν τοῦ Σατανᾶ ἐν πάσῃ δυνάμει καὶ σημείοις καὶ τέρασιν ψεύδους,", "text": "Of whom *estin* the *parousia* according to *energeian* of the *Satana* in all *dynamei* and *sēmeiois* and *terasin* of *pseudous*,", "grammar": { "*estin*": "verb, present active indicative, 3rd person singular - is", "*parousia*": "nominative, feminine singular - coming/presence", "*energeian*": "accusative, feminine singular - working/operation", "*Satana*": "genitive, masculine singular - Satan/adversary", "*dynamei*": "dative, feminine singular - power/might", "*sēmeiois*": "dative, neuter plural - signs/miracles", "*terasin*": "dative, neuter plural - wonders/marvels", "*pseudous*": "genitive, neuter singular - falsehood/lie" }, "variants": { "*estin*": "is/exists", "*parousia*": "coming/presence/arrival", "*energeian*": "working/operation/active power", "*Satana*": "Satan/adversary/opponent", "*dynamei*": "power/might/strength/ability", "*sēmeiois*": "signs/miracles/wonders", "*terasin*": "wonders/marvels/portents", "*pseudous*": "falsehood/lie/deception" } } 10 { "verseID": "2Thessalonians.2.10", "source": "Καὶ ἐν πάσῃ ἀπάτῃ τῆς ἀδικίας ἐν τοῖς ἀπολλυμένοις· ἀνθʼ ὧν τὴν ἀγάπην τῆς ἀληθείας οὐκ ἐδέξαντο, εἰς τὸ σωθῆναι αὐτούς.", "text": "And in all *apatē* of the *adikias* in the *apollymenois*; in return for which the *agapēn* of the *alētheias* not *edexanto*, to the *sōthēnai* them.", "grammar": { "*apatē*": "dative, feminine singular - deception/deceit", "*adikias*": "genitive, feminine singular - unrighteousness/wickedness", "*apollymenois*": "present middle/passive participle, dative masculine plural - perishing/being destroyed", "*agapēn*": "accusative, feminine singular - love", "*alētheias*": "genitive, feminine singular - truth", "*edexanto*": "verb, aorist middle indicative, 3rd person plural - they received", "*sōthēnai*": "aorist passive infinitive - to be saved" }, "variants": { "*apatē*": "deception/deceit/trickery", "*adikias*": "unrighteousness/wickedness/injustice", "*apollymenois*": "perishing/being destroyed/those who are perishing", "*agapēn*": "love/affection", "*alētheias*": "truth/reality", "*edexanto*": "received/accepted/welcomed", "*sōthēnai*": "be saved/rescued/preserved" } } 11 { "verseID": "2Thessalonians.2.11", "source": "Καὶ διὰ τοῦτο πέμψει αὐτοῖς ὁ Θεὸς ἐνέργειαν πλάνης, εἰς τὸ πιστεῦσαι αὐτοὺς τῷ ψεύδει:", "text": "And through this *pempsei* to them the *Theos* *energeian* of *planēs*, to the *pisteusai* them in the *pseudei*:", "grammar": { "*pempsei*": "verb, future active indicative, 3rd person singular - will send", "*Theos*": "nominative, masculine singular - God", "*energeian*": "accusative, feminine singular - working/operation", "*planēs*": "genitive, feminine singular - error/delusion", "*pisteusai*": "aorist active infinitive - to believe", "*pseudei*": "dative, neuter singular - lie/falsehood" }, "variants": { "*pempsei*": "will send/dispatch", "*energeian*": "working/operation/active power", "*planēs*": "error/delusion/deception/wandering", "*pisteusai*": "believe/trust/have faith in", "*pseudei*": "lie/falsehood/untruth" } }
• 1 Tim 4:2 : 2 { "verseID": "1 Timothy.4.2", "source": "Ἐν ὑποκρίσει ψευδολόγων· κεκαυτηριασμένων τὴν ἰδίαν συνείδησιν·", "text": "In *hypokrisei* *pseudologōn*; *kekautēriasmenōn* the *idian* *syneidēsin*;", "grammar": { "*hypokrisei*": "dative, feminine, singular - hypocrisy/pretense", "*pseudologōn*": "genitive, masculine, plural - speaking lies/liars", "*kekautēriasmenōn*": "perfect, passive, participle, genitive, masculine, plural - having been seared/cauterized", "*idian*": "accusative, feminine, singular - own/one's own", "*syneidēsin*": "accusative, feminine, singular - conscience/consciousness" }, "variants": { "*hypokrisei*": "hypocrisy/pretense/insincerity", "*pseudologōn*": "liars/those speaking falsehoods/false speakers", "*kekautēriasmenōn*": "having been seared/cauterized/branded", "*syneidēsin*": "conscience/moral consciousness/awareness" } }
• 2 Tim 2:13 : 13 { "verseID": "2 Timothy.2.13", "source": "Εἰ ἀπιστοῦμεν, ἐκεῖνος πιστὸς μένει: ἀρνήσασθαι ἑαυτὸν οὐ δύναται.", "text": "If *apistoumen*, *ekeinos pistos menei*: *arnēsasthai heauton ou dynatai*.", "grammar": { "*Ei*": "conditional conjunction - if", "*apistoumen*": "present, indicative, active, 1st plural - we are unfaithful", "*ekeinos*": "demonstrative pronoun, nominative, masculine, singular - that one", "*pistos*": "nominative, masculine, singular, adjective - faithful", "*menei*": "present, indicative, active, 3rd singular - remains", "*arnēsasthai*": "aorist, infinitive, middle - to deny", "*heauton*": "reflexive pronoun, accusative, masculine, singular - himself", "*ou*": "negative particle - not", "*dynatai*": "present, indicative, middle, 3rd singular - is able" }, "variants": { "*apistoumen*": "we are unfaithful/disbelieve/are faithless", "*ekeinos*": "that one/he", "*pistos*": "faithful/loyal/trustworthy", "*menei*": "remains/stays/continues", "*arnēsasthai*": "to deny/disown/repudiate", "*dynatai*": "is able/can/has power" } }
• 2 Tim 3:13 : 13 { "verseID": "2 Timothy.3.13", "source": "Πονηροὶ δὲ ἄνθρωποι καὶ γόητες προκόψουσιν ἐπὶ τὸ χεῖρον, πλανῶντες, καὶ πλανώμενοι.", "text": "*Ponēroi* *de* *anthrōpoi* *kai* *goētes* *prokopsousin* *epi* the *cheiron*, *planōntes*, *kai* *planōmenoi*.", "grammar": { "*ponēroi*": "adjective, nominative, masculine, plural - evil/wicked", "*de*": "postpositive conjunction - but/and", "*anthrōpoi*": "noun, nominative, masculine, plural - men/people", "*kai*": "conjunction - and", "*goētes*": "noun, nominative, masculine, plural - impostors/deceivers", "*prokopsousin*": "future active indicative, 3rd person plural - will advance/progress", "*epi*": "preposition with accusative - upon/to", "*to*": "definite article, accusative, neuter, singular - the", "*cheiron*": "adjective, accusative, neuter, singular, comparative - worse", "*planōntes*": "present active participle, nominative, masculine, plural - deceiving", "*kai*": "conjunction - and", "*planōmenoi*": "present passive participle, nominative, masculine, plural - being deceived" }, "variants": { "*ponēroi*": "evil/wicked/malicious/bad", "*goētes*": "impostors/deceivers/swindlers/magicians", "*prokopsousin*": "will advance/will progress/will proceed further", "*epi to cheiron*": "to the worse/to a worse state", "*planōntes*": "deceiving/misleading/leading astray", "*planōmenoi*": "being deceived/being misled/being led astray" } }
• Rev 12:9 : 9 { "verseID": "Revelation.12.9", "source": "Καὶ ἐβλήθη ὁ δράκων ὁ μέγας, ὁ ὄφις ὁ ἀρχαῖος, ὁ καλούμενος Διάβολος, καὶ Σατανᾶς, ὁ πλανῶν τὴν οἰκουμένην ὅλην: ἐβλήθη εἰς τὴν γῆν, καὶ οἱ ἄγγελοι αὐτοῦ μετʼ αὐτοῦ ἐβλήθησαν.", "text": "And *eblēthē* the *drakōn* the *megas*, the *ophis* the *archaios*, the one *kaloumenos Diabolos*, and *Satanas*, the one *planōn* the *oikoumenēn holēn*: *eblēthē* into the *gēn*, and the *angeloi* of him *met'* him *eblēthēsan*.", "grammar": { "*eblēthē*": "aorist passive, 3rd singular - was cast/thrown", "*drakōn*": "nominative, masculine, singular - dragon", "*megas*": "nominative, masculine, singular - great", "*ophis*": "nominative, masculine, singular - serpent", "*archaios*": "nominative, masculine, singular - ancient/old", "*kaloumenos*": "present passive participle, nominative, masculine, singular - being called", "*Diabolos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - Devil/Slanderer", "*Satanas*": "nominative, masculine, singular - Satan/Adversary", "*planōn*": "present active participle, nominative, masculine, singular - deceiving", "*oikoumenēn*": "accusative, feminine, singular - inhabited world", "*holēn*": "accusative, feminine, singular - whole/entire", "*gēn*": "accusative, feminine, singular - earth/land", "*angeloi*": "nominative, masculine, plural - angels/messengers", "*met'*": "preposition + genitive - with", "*eblēthēsan*": "aorist passive, 3rd plural - were cast/thrown" }, "variants": { "*archaios*": "ancient/old/original", "*Diabolos*": "Devil/Slanderer/Accuser", "*Satanas*": "Satan/Adversary/Opponent", "*planōn*": "deceiving/misleading/causing to wander", "*oikoumenēn*": "inhabited world/earth/empire" } }
• Rev 13:14 : 14 { "verseID": "Revelation.13.14", "source": "Καὶ πλανᾷ τοὺς κατοικοῦντας ἐπὶ τῆς γῆς διὰ τὰ σημεῖα ἃ ἐδόθη αὐτῷ ποιῆσαι ἐνώπιον τοῦ θηρίου· λέγων τοῖς κατοικοῦσιν ἐπὶ τῆς γῆς, ποιῆσαι εἰκόνα τῷ θηρίῳ, ὃ εἶχεν τὴν πληγὴν τῆς μαχαίρας, καὶ ἔζησεν.", "text": "And *plana* the ones *katoikountas* upon the *gēs* through the *sēmeia* which *edothē* to it *poiēsai* *enōpion* of the *thēriou*; *legōn* to the ones *katoikousin* upon the *gēs*, *poiēsai* *eikona* to the *thēriō*, which *eichen* the *plēgēn* of the *machairas*, and *ezēsen*.", "grammar": { "*plana*": "present active indicative, 3rd person singular - deceives", "*katoikountas*": "present active participle, accusative, masculine, plural - dwelling", "*gēs*": "genitive, feminine, singular - of the earth/land", "*sēmeia*": "accusative, neuter, plural - signs", "*edothē*": "aorist passive indicative, 3rd person singular - was given", "*poiēsai*": "aorist active infinitive - to do/perform", "*enōpion*": "preposition with genitive - before/in the presence of", "*thēriou*": "genitive, neuter, singular - of the beast", "*legōn*": "present active participle, nominative, masculine, singular - saying", "*katoikousin*": "present active participle, dative, masculine, plural - to those dwelling", "*poiēsai*": "aorist active infinitive - to make", "*eikona*": "accusative, feminine, singular - image", "*thēriō*": "dative, neuter, singular - to the beast", "*eichen*": "imperfect active indicative, 3rd person singular - had", "*plēgēn*": "accusative, feminine, singular - wound", "*machairas*": "genitive, feminine, singular - of the sword", "*ezēsen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person singular - lived" }, "variants": { "*plana*": "deceives/misleads/leads astray", "*katoikountas*": "dwelling/inhabiting/living", "*sēmeia*": "signs/miracles/wonders", "*poiēsai*": "to perform/do/work", "*katoikousin*": "dwelling/inhabiting/living", "*eikona*": "image/likeness/statue", "*plēgēn*": "wound/blow/stroke", "*machairas*": "sword/knife/dagger", "*ezēsen*": "lived/came to life/revived" } }
• Rev 18:23 : 23 { "verseID": "Revelation.18.23", "source": "Καὶ φῶς λύχνου οὐ μὴ φάνῃ ἐν σοὶ ἔτι· καὶ φωνὴ νυμφίου καὶ νύμφης οὐ μὴ ἀκουσθῇ ἐν σοὶ ἔτι: ὅτι οἱ ἔμποροί σου ἦσαν οἱ μεγιστᾶνες τῆς γῆς· ὅτι ἐν τῇ φαρμακείᾳ σου ἐπλανήθησαν πάντα τὰ ἔθνη.", "text": "And *phōs* of *lychnou* *ou mē* *phanē* in you *eti*; and *phōnē* of *nymphiou* and of *nymphēs* *ou mē* *akousthē* in you *eti*: because the *emporoi* of you *ēsan* the *megistanes* of the *gēs*; because in the *pharmakeia* of you *eplanēthēsan* all the *ethnē*.", "grammar": { "*phōs*": "noun, nominative, neuter, singular - light", "*lychnou*": "noun, genitive, masculine, singular - lamp", "*ou mē*": "emphatic negation - by no means/certainly not", "*phanē*": "aorist passive subjunctive, 3rd person singular - might shine/appear", "*en*": "preposition + dative - in", "*soi*": "personal pronoun, dative, 2nd person singular - you", "*eti*": "adverb - anymore/any longer", "*phōnē*": "noun, nominative, feminine, singular - voice/sound", "*nymphiou*": "noun, genitive, masculine, singular - bridegroom", "*nymphēs*": "noun, genitive, feminine, singular - bride", "*akousthē*": "aorist passive subjunctive, 3rd person singular - might be heard", "*hoti*": "conjunction - because/for", "*hoi emporoi*": "noun, nominative, masculine, plural - merchants", "*sou*": "personal pronoun, genitive, 2nd person singular - of you", "*ēsan*": "imperfect active indicative, 3rd person plural - were", "*hoi megistanes*": "adjective used as noun, nominative, masculine, plural - great ones/magnates", "*tēs gēs*": "noun, genitive, feminine, singular - earth/land", "*en*": "preposition + dative - by", "*tē pharmakeia*": "noun, dative, feminine, singular - sorcery/magic arts", "*sou*": "personal pronoun, genitive, 2nd person singular - of you", "*eplanēthēsan*": "aorist passive indicative, 3rd person plural - were deceived/led astray", "*panta*": "adjective, nominative, neuter, plural - all", "*ta ethnē*": "noun, nominative, neuter, plural - nations/peoples" }, "variants": { "*phōs*": "light/brightness", "*lychnou*": "lamp/light", "*phanē*": "might shine/might appear/might be seen", "*phōnē*": "voice/sound/noise", "*nymphiou*": "bridegroom", "*nymphēs*": "bride", "*akousthē*": "might be heard/will be heard", "*emporoi*": "merchants/traders/businessmen", "*ēsan*": "were", "*megistanes*": "great ones/magnates/nobles/mighty men", "*gēs*": "earth/land/ground", "*pharmakeia*": "sorcery/magic arts/witchcraft/drug use", "*eplanēthēsan*": "were deceived/were led astray/were misled", "*ethnē*": "nations/peoples/gentiles" } }
• Rev 20:3 : 3 { "verseID": "Revelation.20.3", "source": "Καὶ ἔβαλεν αὐτὸν εἰς τὴν ἄβυσσον, καὶ ἔκλεισεν αὐτόν, καὶ ἐσφράγισεν ἐπάνω αὐτοῦ, ἵνα μὴ πλανήσῃ τὰ ἔθνη ἔτι, ἄχρι τελεσθῇ τὰ χίλια ἔτη: καὶ μετὰ ταῦτα δεῖ αὐτὸν λυθῆναι μικρὸν χρόνον.", "text": "And he *ebalen* him into the *abysson*, and *ekleisen* him, and *esphragisen* above him, so that not he might *planēsē* the *ethnē* still, until might be *telesthē* the *chilia* *etē*: and after these *dei* him *lythēnai* *mikron* *chronon*.", "grammar": { "*ebalen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person singular - cast/threw", "*abysson*": "accusative, feminine, singular - abyss/bottomless pit", "*ekleisen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person singular - shut/closed", "*esphragisen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person singular - sealed", "*planēsē*": "aorist active subjunctive, 3rd person singular - deceive/lead astray", "*ethnē*": "accusative, neuter, plural - nations/gentiles", "*telesthē*": "aorist passive subjunctive, 3rd person singular - be completed/fulfilled", "*chilia*": "nominative, neuter, plural - thousand", "*etē*": "nominative, neuter, plural - years", "*dei*": "present active indicative, 3rd person singular - it is necessary/must", "*lythēnai*": "aorist passive infinitive - to be loosed/released", "*mikron*": "accusative, masculine, singular - small/little", "*chronon*": "accusative, masculine, singular - time/period" }, "variants": { "*abysson*": "abyss/bottomless pit/depths", "*planēsē*": "deceive/lead astray/cause to wander", "*ethnē*": "nations/gentiles/peoples", "*telesthē*": "be completed/fulfilled/finished" } }
• Hab 2:18 : 18 { "verseID": "Habakkuk.2.18", "source": "מָֽה־הוֹעִ֣יל פֶּ֗סֶל כִּ֤י פְסָלוֹ֙ יֹֽצְר֔וֹ מַסֵּכָ֖ה וּמ֣וֹרֶה שָּׁ֑קֶר כִּ֣י בָטַ֞ח יֹצֵ֤ר יִצְרוֹ֙ עָלָ֔יו לַעֲשׂ֖וֹת אֱלִילִ֥ים אִלְּמִֽים׃ ס", "text": "What *hôʿîl pesel kî pĕsālô yōṣĕrô*, *massēkâ* and *môreh šāqer*? For *bāṭaḥ yōṣēr yiṣrô* upon it, to *laʿăśôt ʾĕlîlîm ʾillĕmîm*.", "grammar": { "*hôʿîl*": "verb, hiphil perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - it profits", "*pesel*": "noun, masculine, singular - carved image/idol", "*pĕsālô*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - he carved it", "*yōṣĕrô*": "verb, qal participle, masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - its maker", "*massēkâ*": "noun, feminine, singular - cast image/molten idol", "*môreh*": "verb, hiphil participle, masculine singular - teacher of", "*šāqer*": "noun, masculine, singular - lie/falsehood", "*bāṭaḥ*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he trusts", "*yōṣēr*": "verb, qal participle, masculine singular - maker/former", "*yiṣrô*": "noun, masculine, singular construct with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his formation", "*laʿăśôt*": "preposition + verb, qal infinitive construct - to make", "*ʾĕlîlîm*": "noun, masculine, plural - idols/worthless things", "*ʾillĕmîm*": "adjective, masculine, plural - mute/dumb/silent" }, "variants": { "*hôʿîl*": "profits/benefits/helps", "*pesel*": "carved image/idol/graven image", "*massēkâ*": "cast image/molten idol", "*môreh šāqer*": "teacher of lies/false instruction", "*yiṣrô*": "his formation/his work/his creation", "*ʾĕlîlîm*": "idols/worthless gods/nothings" } }
• Luke 15:16 : 16 { "verseID": "Luke.15.16", "source": "Καὶ ἐπεθύμει γεμίσαι τὴν κοιλίαν αὑτοῦ ἀπὸ τῶν κερατίων ὧν ἤσθιον οἱ χοῖροι: καὶ οὐδεὶς ἐδίδου αὐτῷ.", "text": "And *epethymei* *gemisai* the *koilian* of-himself from the *keratiōn* which *ēsthion* the *choiroi*: and no-one *edidou* to-him.", "grammar": { "*epethymei*": "imperfect active indicative, 3rd person singular - he was desiring", "*gemisai*": "aorist active infinitive - to fill", "*koilian*": "noun, feminine singular, accusative - belly/stomach", "αὑτοῦ": "reflexive pronoun, genitive, masculine, singular - of himself", "*keratiōn*": "noun, neuter plural, genitive - of carob pods", "ὧν": "relative pronoun, neuter plural, genitive - of which", "*ēsthion*": "imperfect active indicative, 3rd person plural - were eating", "*choiroi*": "noun, masculine plural, nominative - pigs/swine", "*edidou*": "imperfect active indicative, 3rd person singular - was giving" }, "variants": { "*epethymei*": "was desiring/longing for/craving", "*gemisai*": "to fill/satisfy", "*koilian*": "belly/stomach/abdomen", "*keratiōn*": "carob pods/husks/pods", "*ēsthion*": "were eating/consuming", "*choiroi*": "pigs/swine/hogs", "*edidou*": "was giving/providing/offering" } }
• Rom 1:20-22 : 20 { "verseID": "Romans.1.20", "source": "Τὰ γὰρ ἀόρατα αὐτοῦ ἀπὸ κτίσεως κόσμου τοῖς ποιήμασιν νοούμενα, καθορᾶται, ἥ τε ἀΐδιος αὐτοῦ δύναμις καὶ θειότης· εἰς τὸ εἶναι αὐτοὺς ἀναπολογήτους:", "text": "The *gar* *aorata* *autou* *apo* *ktiseōs* *kosmou* the *poiēmasin* *nooumena*, *kathoratai*, the *te* *aidios* *autou* *dynamis* *kai* *theiotēs*· *eis* the *einai* *autous* *anapologētous*:", "grammar": { "*gar*": "conjunction - for", "*aorata*": "nominative, neuter, plural, adjective - invisible things", "*autou*": "genitive, masculine, singular, possessive pronoun - his", "*apo*": "preposition + genitive - from/since", "*ktiseōs*": "genitive, feminine, singular - creation", "*kosmou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - of world", "*poiēmasin*": "dative, neuter, plural - by things made", "*nooumena*": "present passive participle, nominative, neuter, plural - being understood", "*kathoratai*": "present passive indicative, 3rd person singular - are clearly seen", "*te*": "conjunction - both", "*aidios*": "nominative, feminine, singular, adjective - eternal", "*autou*": "genitive, masculine, singular, possessive pronoun - his", "*dynamis*": "nominative, feminine, singular - power", "*kai*": "conjunction - and", "*theiotēs*": "nominative, feminine, singular - divine nature", "*eis*": "preposition + accusative - for/resulting in", "*einai*": "present active infinitive - to be", "*autous*": "accusative, masculine, plural, personal pronoun - them", "*anapologētous*": "accusative, masculine, plural, adjective - without excuse" }, "variants": { "*aorata*": "invisible things/unseen attributes", "*ktiseōs*": "creation/founding", "*poiēmasin*": "things made/works/creations", "*nooumena*": "being understood/perceived/comprehended", "*kathoratai*": "are clearly seen/perceived/observed", "*aidios*": "eternal/everlasting", "*dynamis*": "power/might/strength", "*theiotēs*": "divine nature/divinity/godhead", "*anapologētous*": "without excuse/defenseless/inexcusable" } } 21 { "verseID": "Romans.1.21", "source": "Διότι, γνόντες τὸν Θεόν, οὐχ ὡς Θεὸν ἐδόξασαν, ἢ εὐχαρίστησαν· ἀλλʼ ἐματαιώθησαν ἐν τοῖς διαλογισμοῖς αὐτῶν, καὶ ἐσκοτίσθη ἡ ἀσύνετος αὐτῶν καρδία.", "text": "*Dioti*, *gnontes* the *Theon*, *ouch* *hōs* *Theon* *edoxasan*, *ē* *eucharistēsan*· *all'* *emataiōthēsan* *en* the *dialogismois* *autōn*, *kai* *eskotisthē* the *asynetos* *autōn* *kardia*.", "grammar": { "*Dioti*": "conjunction - because", "*gnontes*": "aorist active participle, nominative, masculine, plural - having known", "*Theon*": "accusative, masculine, singular - God", "*ouch*": "negative particle - not", "*hōs*": "adverb - as", "*Theon*": "accusative, masculine, singular - God", "*edoxasan*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person plural - they glorified", "*ē*": "conjunction - or", "*eucharistēsan*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person plural - they gave thanks", "*all'*": "conjunction - but", "*emataiōthēsan*": "aorist passive indicative, 3rd person plural - they became futile", "*en*": "preposition + dative - in", "*dialogismois*": "dative, masculine, plural - reasoning/thoughts", "*autōn*": "genitive, masculine, plural, possessive pronoun - their", "*kai*": "conjunction - and", "*eskotisthē*": "aorist passive indicative, 3rd person singular - was darkened", "*asynetos*": "nominative, feminine, singular, adjective - foolish/senseless", "*autōn*": "genitive, masculine, plural, possessive pronoun - their", "*kardia*": "nominative, feminine, singular - heart" }, "variants": { "*gnontes*": "having known/recognized/understood", "*edoxasan*": "they glorified/honored/praised", "*eucharistēsan*": "they gave thanks/were grateful", "*emataiōthēsan*": "they became futile/vain/empty", "*dialogismois*": "reasoning/thoughts/deliberations", "*eskotisthē*": "was darkened/obscured/blinded", "*asynetos*": "foolish/senseless/without understanding", "*kardia*": "heart/mind/inner self" } } 22 { "verseID": "Romans.1.22", "source": "Φάσκοντες εἶναι σοφοὶ, ἐμωράνθησαν,", "text": "*Phaskontes* *einai* *sophoi*, *emōranthēsan*,", "grammar": { "*Phaskontes*": "present active participle, nominative, masculine, plural - professing/claiming", "*einai*": "present active infinitive - to be", "*sophoi*": "nominative, masculine, plural, adjective - wise", "*emōranthēsan*": "aorist passive indicative, 3rd person plural - they became fools" }, "variants": { "*Phaskontes*": "professing/claiming/asserting", "*sophoi*": "wise/skilled/learned", "*emōranthēsan*": "they became fools/were made foolish/became moronic" } }
• Prov 15:14 : 14 { "verseID": "Proverbs.15.14", "source": "לֵ֣ב נָ֭בוֹן יְבַקֶּשׁ־דָּ֑עַת *ופני **וּפִ֥י כְ֝סִילִ֗ים יִרְעֶ֥ה אִוֶּֽלֶת׃", "text": "*Lēḇ nāḇôn yəḇaqqēš-dāʿat ûp̄î ḵəsîlîm yirʿeh ʾiwwelet*", "grammar": { "*Lēḇ*": "noun, masculine singular - heart", "*nāḇôn*": "niphal participle, masculine singular - understanding/discerning", "*yəḇaqqēš*": "piel imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - seeks/pursues", "*dāʿat*": "noun, feminine singular - knowledge", "*ûp̄î*": "conjunction + noun, masculine singular construct - but mouth of", "*ḵəsîlîm*": "noun, masculine plural - fools", "*yirʿeh*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - feeds on/grazes on", "*ʾiwwelet*": "noun, feminine singular - folly/foolishness" }, "variants": { "*Lēḇ nāḇôn*": "understanding heart/discerning mind", "*yəḇaqqēš-dāʿat*": "seeks knowledge/pursues understanding", "*ûp̄î ḵəsîlîm*": "but mouth of fools/yet speech of foolish", "*yirʿeh*": "feeds on/grazes on/consumes", "*ʾiwwelet*": "folly/foolishness/stupidity" } }
• Isa 28:15-17 : 15 { "verseID": "Isaiah.28.15", "source": "כִּי אֲמַרְתֶּם כָּרַתְנוּ בְרִית אֶת־מָוֶת וְעִם־שְׁאוֹל עָשִׂינוּ חֹזֶה שיט שׁוֹט שׁוֹטֵף כִּי־עבר יַעֲבֹר לֹא יְבוֹאֵנוּ כִּי שַׂמְנוּ כָזָב מַחְסֵנוּ וּבַשֶּׁקֶר נִסְתָּרְנוּ", "text": "For *ʾămartem* *kāraṯnû* *ḇərîṯ* with-*māweṯ* and-with-*šəʾôl* *ʿāśînû* *ḥōzeh* *šôṭ* *šôṭēp̄* when-*yaʿăḇōr* not *yəḇôʾēnû* for *śamnû* *ḵāzāḇ* *maḥsēnû* and-in-*haššeqer* *nistārnû*", "grammar": { "*ʾămartem*": "qal perfect 2nd masculine plural - you have said", "*kāraṯnû*": "qal perfect 1st common plural - we have cut", "*ḇərîṯ*": "feminine singular noun - covenant", "*māweṯ*": "masculine singular noun - death", "*šəʾôl*": "feminine singular noun - Sheol/underworld", "*ʿāśînû*": "qal perfect 1st common plural - we have made", "*ḥōzeh*": "masculine singular noun - agreement/vision", "*šôṭ*": "masculine singular noun - scourge/whip", "*šôṭēp̄*": "qal participle masculine singular - overflowing", "*yaʿăḇōr*": "qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - it passes", "*yəḇôʾēnû*": "qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular + 1st common plural suffix - it will come to us", "*śamnû*": "qal perfect 1st common plural - we have made", "*ḵāzāḇ*": "masculine singular noun - lie/falsehood", "*maḥsēnû*": "masculine singular noun + 1st common plural suffix - our refuge", "*haššeqer*": "definite article + masculine singular noun - the falsehood", "*nistārnû*": "niphal perfect 1st common plural - we have hidden ourselves" }, "variants": { "*kāraṯnû*": "we have cut/we have made", "*ḇərîṯ*": "covenant/agreement/treaty", "*šəʾôl*": "Sheol/grave/underworld", "*ḥōzeh*": "agreement/vision/contract", "*šôṭ*": "scourge/whip/flood", "*šôṭēp̄*": "overflowing/flooding/overwhelming", "*maḥsēnû*": "our refuge/our shelter", "*nistārnû*": "we have hidden ourselves/we have concealed ourselves" } } 16 { "verseID": "Isaiah.28.16", "source": "לָכֵן כֹּה אָמַר אֲדֹנָי יְהוִה הִנְנִי יִסַּד בְּצִיּוֹן אָבֶן אֶבֶן בֹּחַן פִּנַּת יִקְרַת מוּסָד מוּסָּד הַמַּאֲמִין לֹא יָחִישׁ", "text": "Therefore thus *ʾāmar* *ʾăḏōnāy* *YHWH* *hinənî* *yissaḏ* in-*ṣiyyôn* *ʾāḇen* *ʾeḇen* *bōḥan* *pinnaṯ* *yiqraṯ* *mûsāḏ* *mûssāḏ* *hammaʾămîn* not *yāḥîš*", "grammar": { "*ʾāmar*": "qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - he says", "*ʾăḏōnāy*": "divine title - Lord/my Lord", "*YHWH*": "divine name - LORD", "*hinənî*": "interjection + 1st common singular suffix - behold me", "*yissaḏ*": "piel perfect 3rd masculine singular - he has founded", "*ṣiyyôn*": "proper noun - Zion", "*ʾāḇen*": "feminine singular noun - stone", "*ʾeḇen*": "feminine singular construct - stone of", "*bōḥan*": "masculine singular noun - testing", "*pinnaṯ*": "feminine singular construct - corner of", "*yiqraṯ*": "feminine singular construct - preciousness of", "*mûsāḏ*": "masculine singular noun - foundation", "*mûssāḏ*": "pual participle masculine singular - being founded", "*hammaʾămîn*": "definite article + hiphil participle masculine singular - the one believing", "*yāḥîš*": "qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - he will hasten/flee" }, "variants": { "*yissaḏ*": "has founded/has established/has laid", "*ʾeḇen*": "stone of testing/tested stone", "*bōḥan*": "testing/tried/approved", "*pinnaṯ*": "corner of/cornerstone of", "*yiqraṯ*": "preciousness of/value of", "*mûsāḏ*": "foundation/base", "*mûssāḏ*": "being founded/being established", "*hammaʾămîn*": "the one believing/the one trusting", "*yāḥîš*": "will hasten/will flee/will panic" } } 17 { "verseID": "Isaiah.28.17", "source": "וְשַׂמְתִּי מִשְׁפָּט לְקָו וּצְדָקָה לְמִשְׁקָלֶת וְיָעָה בָרָד מַחְסֵה כָזָב וְסֵתֶר מַיִם יִשְׁטֹפוּ", "text": "*Wə-śamtî* *mišpāṭ* for-*qāw* and-*ṣəḏāqāh* for-*mišqāleṯ* and-*yāʿāh* *ḇārāḏ* *maḥsēh* *ḵāzāḇ* and-*sēṯer* *mayim* *yišṭōp̄û*", "grammar": { "*Wə-śamtî*": "conjunction + qal perfect 1st common singular - and I will make", "*mišpāṭ*": "masculine singular noun - judgment", "*qāw*": "masculine singular noun - line/measuring line", "*ṣəḏāqāh*": "feminine singular noun - righteousness", "*mišqāleṯ*": "feminine singular noun - plummet/level", "*yāʿāh*": "qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - it sweeps away", "*ḇārāḏ*": "masculine singular noun - hail", "*maḥsēh*": "masculine singular construct - refuge of", "*ḵāzāḇ*": "masculine singular noun - lie/falsehood", "*sēṯer*": "masculine singular noun - hiding place", "*mayim*": "masculine plural noun - waters", "*yišṭōp̄û*": "qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural - they will overflow" }, "variants": { "*mišpāṭ*": "judgment/justice", "*qāw*": "line/measuring line/rule", "*ṣəḏāqāh*": "righteousness/justice", "*mišqāleṯ*": "plummet/level/plumb line", "*yāʿāh*": "sweeps away/washes away", "*maḥsēh*": "refuge of/shelter of", "*sēṯer*": "hiding place/secret place", "*yišṭōp̄û*": "will overflow/will wash away" } }
• Isa 59:3-4 : 3 { "verseID": "Isaiah.59.3", "source": "כִּ֤י כַפֵּיכֶם֙ נְגֹאֲל֣וּ בַדָּ֔ם וְאֶצְבְּעוֹתֵיכֶ֖ם בֶּֽעָוֺ֑ן שִׂפְתֽוֹתֵיכֶם֙ דִּבְּרוּ־שֶׁ֔קֶר לְשׁוֹנְכֶ֖ם עַוְלָ֥ה תֶהְגֶּֽה׃", "text": "*Kî* *kappêkem* *nəgōʾălû* in-*dām* and-*ʾeṣbəʿôtêkem* in-*ʿāwōn* *śiptôtêkem* *dibbərû-šeqer* *ləšônəkem* *ʿawlāh* *tehgeh*", "grammar": { "*Kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*kappêkem*": "noun, feminine dual construct with 2nd plural suffix - your palms/hands", "*nəgōʾălû*": "verb, niphal perfect, 3rd plural - defiled/polluted", "*dām*": "noun, masculine singular - blood", "*ʾeṣbəʿôtêkem*": "noun, feminine plural construct with 2nd plural suffix - your fingers", "*ʿāwōn*": "noun, masculine singular - iniquity/guilt/sin", "*śiptôtêkem*": "noun, feminine plural construct with 2nd plural suffix - your lips", "*dibbərû-šeqer*": "verb phrase, piel perfect 3rd plural + noun - have spoken falsehood", "*ləšônəkem*": "noun, feminine singular construct with 2nd plural suffix - your tongue", "*ʿawlāh*": "noun, feminine singular - injustice/wickedness", "*tehgeh*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd feminine singular - mutters/utters" }, "variants": { "*kappêkem*": "your palms/hands", "*nəgōʾălû*": "defiled/polluted/stained", "*dām*": "blood/bloodshed", "*ʿāwōn*": "iniquity/guilt/perversity", "*dibbərû-šeqer*": "spoken falsehood/lies/deception", "*ʿawlāh*": "injustice/wickedness/perversity", "*tehgeh*": "mutters/utters/speaks" } } 4 { "verseID": "Isaiah.59.4", "source": "אֵין־קֹרֵ֣א בְצֶ֔דֶק וְאֵ֥ין נִשְׁפָּ֖ט בֶּאֱמוּנָ֑ה בָּט֤וֹחַ עַל־תֹּ֙הוּ֙ וְדַבֶּר־שָׁ֔וְא הָר֥וֹ עָמָ֖ל וְהוֹלֵ֥יד אָֽוֶן׃", "text": "none-*qōrēʾ* in-*ṣedeq* and-none *nišpāṭ* in-*ʾĕmûnāh* *bāṭôaḥ* upon-*tōhû* and-*dabber-šāwəʾ* *hārô* *ʿāmāl* and-*hôlêd* *ʾāwen*", "grammar": { "*qōrēʾ*": "verb, qal participle, masculine singular - calling/pleading", "*ṣedeq*": "noun, masculine singular - righteousness/justice", "*nišpāṭ*": "verb, niphal participle, masculine singular - judged/pleaded", "*ʾĕmûnāh*": "noun, feminine singular - faithfulness/truth", "*bāṭôaḥ*": "verb, qal infinitive absolute - trusting/relying", "*tōhû*": "noun, masculine singular - emptiness/vanity/chaos", "*dabber-šāwəʾ*": "verb phrase, piel infinitive construct + noun - speaking emptiness", "*hārô*": "verb, qal infinitive absolute - conceiving/becoming pregnant", "*ʿāmāl*": "noun, masculine singular - trouble/mischief/labor", "*hôlêd*": "verb, hiphil infinitive absolute - bearing/bringing forth", "*ʾāwen*": "noun, masculine singular - iniquity/wickedness" }, "variants": { "*qōrēʾ*": "calling/pleading/advocating", "*ṣedeq*": "righteousness/justice/right", "*nišpāṭ*": "judged/contended/pleaded", "*ʾĕmûnāh*": "faithfulness/truth/honesty", "*bāṭôaḥ*": "trusting/relying/depending", "*tōhû*": "emptiness/chaos/nothingness/vanity", "*šāwəʾ*": "emptiness/falsehood/vanity", "*ʿāmāl*": "trouble/mischief/labor/toil", "*ʾāwen*": "iniquity/wickedness/trouble/sorrow" } }
• Isa 59:13 : 13 { "verseID": "Isaiah.59.13", "source": "פָּשֹׁ֤עַ וְכַחֵשׁ֙ בַּֽיהוָ֔ה וְנָס֖וֹג מֵאַחַ֣ר אֱלֹהֵ֑ינוּ דַּבֶּר־עֹ֣שֶׁק וְסָרָ֔ה הֹר֧וֹ וְהֹג֛וֹ מִלֵּ֖ב דִּבְרֵי־שָֽׁקֶר׃", "text": "*Pāšōaʿ* and-*kaḥēš* against-*YHWH* and-*nāsôg* from-after *ʾĕlōhênû* *dabber-ʿōšeq* and-*sārāh* *hōrô* and-*hōgô* from-*lēb* *dibrê-šāqer*", "grammar": { "*Pāšōaʿ*": "verb, qal infinitive absolute - transgressing/rebelling", "*kaḥēš*": "verb, piel infinitive absolute - denying/lying", "*nāsôg*": "verb, niphal infinitive absolute - turning away/departing", "*ʾĕlōhênû*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 1st plural suffix - our God", "*dabber-ʿōšeq*": "verb phrase, piel infinitive construct + noun - speaking oppression", "*sārāh*": "noun, feminine singular - revolt/apostasy", "*hōrô*": "verb, qal infinitive absolute - conceiving", "*hōgô*": "verb, qal infinitive absolute - uttering/muttering", "*lēb*": "noun, masculine singular - heart", "*dibrê-šāqer*": "noun, masculine plural construct + noun - words of falsehood" }, "variants": { "*Pāšōaʿ*": "transgressing/rebelling/revolting", "*kaḥēš*": "denying/lying/deceiving", "*nāsôg*": "turning away/departing/withdrawing", "*ʾĕlōhênû*": "our God (plural form with singular meaning)", "*ʿōšeq*": "oppression/extortion/unjust gain", "*sārāh*": "revolt/apostasy/rebellion", "*hōrô*": "conceiving/becoming pregnant with", "*hōgô*": "uttering/muttering/meditating on", "*lēb*": "heart/mind/inner person", "*šāqer*": "falsehood/lie/deception" } }
• Jer 16:19 : 19 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.16.19", "source": "יְהוָ֞ה עֻזִּ֧י וּמָעֻזִּ֛י וּמְנוּסִ֖י בְּי֣וֹם צָרָ֑ה אֵלֶ֗יךָ גּוֹיִ֤ם יָבֹ֙אוּ֙ מֵֽאַפְסֵי־אָ֔רֶץ וְיֹאמְר֗וּ אַךְ־שֶׁ֙קֶר֙ נָחֲל֣וּ אֲבוֹתֵ֔ינוּ הֶ֖בֶל וְאֵֽין־בָּ֥ם מוֹעִֽיל׃", "text": "*YHWH* *ʿuzzî* and-*māʿuzzî* and-*mənûsî* in-*yôm* *ṣārāh* to-you *gôyim* *yāḇōʾû* from-*ʾap̄sê*-*ʾāreṣ* and-*yōʾmərû* surely-*šeqer* *nāḥălû* *ʾăḇôṯênû* *heḇel* and-nothing-in-them *môʿîl*", "grammar": { "*YHWH*": "divine name - LORD/Yahweh", "*ʿuzzî*": "masculine singular noun + 1st person singular suffix - my strength", "*māʿuzzî*": "masculine singular noun + 1st person singular suffix - my fortress", "*mənûsî*": "masculine singular noun + 1st person singular suffix - my refuge", "*yôm*": "masculine singular construct - day of", "*ṣārāh*": "feminine singular noun - distress/trouble", "*gôyim*": "masculine plural noun - nations/peoples", "*yāḇōʾû*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - they shall come", "*ʾap̄sê*": "masculine plural construct - ends of", "*ʾāreṣ*": "feminine singular noun - earth/land", "*yōʾmərû*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - they shall say", "*šeqer*": "masculine singular noun - falsehood/lie", "*nāḥălû*": "qal perfect, 3rd common plural - they inherited", "*ʾăḇôṯênû*": "masculine plural noun + 1st common plural suffix - our fathers", "*heḇel*": "masculine singular noun - vanity/emptiness", "*môʿîl*": "hiphil participle, masculine singular - profiting/benefiting" }, "variants": { "*ʿōz*": "strength/might/power", "*māʿôz*": "fortress/stronghold/refuge", "*mānôs*": "refuge/escape/flight", "*ṣārāh*": "distress/trouble/affliction", "*šeqer*": "falsehood/lie/deception", "*heḇel*": "vanity/emptiness/futility", "*môʿîl*": "benefiting/profiting/useful" } }
• 1 Kgs 22:20-23 : 20 { "verseID": "1 Kings.22.20", "source": "וַיֹּ֣אמֶר יְהוָ֗ה מִ֤י יְפַתֶּה֙ אֶת־אַחְאָ֔ב וְיַ֕עַל וְיִפֹּ֖ל בְּרָמֹ֣ת גִּלְעָ֑ד וַיֹּ֤אמֶר זֶה֙ בְּכֹ֔ה וְזֶ֥ה אֹמֵ֖ר בְּכֹֽה׃", "text": "*wə-yōʾmer YHWH*, who *yəp̄atteh ʾet-ʾAḥʾāb̄* and-*yaʿal* and-*yippōl* in-*Rāmōt Gilʿād*? *wə-yōʾmer* this-one in-thus, and-this-one *ʾōmēr* in-thus.", "grammar": { "*wə-yōʾmer*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3ms - and he said", "*YHWH*": "divine name - Yahweh/LORD", "*yəp̄atteh*": "piel imperfect 3ms - will entice/persuade", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*ʾAḥʾāb̄*": "proper noun - Ahab", "*yaʿal*": "qal imperfect 3ms - he will go up", "*yippōl*": "qal imperfect 3ms - he will fall", "*Rāmōt Gilʿād*": "proper noun - Ramoth Gilead", "*ʾōmēr*": "qal participle ms - saying" }, "variants": { "*yəp̄atteh*": "entice/persuade/deceive/seduce", "*yaʿal*": "go up/ascend/climb", "*yippōl*": "fall/drop/be killed/die", "*ʾōmēr*": "saying/speaking/telling" } } 21 { "verseID": "1 Kings.22.21", "source": "וַיֵּצֵ֣א הָר֗וּחַ וַֽיַּעֲמֹד֙ לִפְנֵ֣י יְהוָ֔ה וַיֹּ֖אמֶר אֲנִ֣י אֲפַתֶּ֑נּוּ וַיֹּ֧אמֶר יְהוָ֛ה אֵלָ֖יו בַּמָּֽה׃", "text": "*wə-yēṣēʾ hā-rûaḥ wə-yaʿămōd* before-*YHWH wə-yōʾmer*, *ʾănî ʾăp̄attennû*. *wə-yōʾmer YHWH* to-him, in-what?", "grammar": { "*wə-yēṣēʾ*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3ms - and he came out", "*hā-rûaḥ*": "feminine singular noun with definite article - the spirit", "*wə-yaʿămōd*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3ms - and he stood", "*YHWH*": "divine name - Yahweh/LORD", "*wə-yōʾmer*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3ms - and he said", "*ʾănî*": "1st person singular pronoun - I", "*ʾăp̄attennû*": "piel imperfect 1cs with 3ms suffix - I will entice/persuade him", "*bammāh*": "preposition + interrogative pronoun - by what/how" }, "variants": { "*yēṣēʾ*": "come out/go forth/depart/exit", "*rûaḥ*": "spirit/wind/breath", "*yaʿămōd*": "stand/take a stand/appear/present oneself", "*ʾăp̄attennû*": "I will entice/persuade/deceive/seduce him" } } 22 { "verseID": "1 Kings.22.22", "source": "וַיֹּ֗אמֶר אֵצֵא֙ וְהָיִ֙יתִי֙ ר֣וּחַ שֶׁ֔קֶר בְּפִ֖י כָּל־נְבִיאָ֑יו וַיֹּ֗אמֶר תְּפַתֶּה֙ וְגַם־תּוּכָ֔ל צֵ֖א וַעֲשֵׂה־כֵֽן׃", "text": "*wə-yōʾmer*, *ʾēṣēʾ wə-hāyîtî rûaḥ šeqer* in-*pî* all-*nəb̄îʾāyw*. *wə-yōʾmer*, *təp̄atteh wə-g̱am-tûk̄āl*; *ṣēʾ wa-ʿăśēh-k̄ēn*.", "grammar": { "*wə-yōʾmer*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3ms - and he said", "*ʾēṣēʾ*": "qal imperfect 1cs - I will go out", "*wə-hāyîtî*": "waw consecutive + qal perfect 1cs - and I will be", "*rûaḥ*": "feminine singular construct - spirit of", "*šeqer*": "masculine singular noun - falsehood", "*pî*": "masculine singular construct - mouth of", "*nəb̄îʾāyw*": "masculine plural noun with 3ms suffix - his prophets", "*təp̄atteh*": "piel imperfect 2ms - you will entice", "*wə-g̱am*": "waw conjunctive + particle - and also", "*tûk̄āl*": "qal imperfect 2ms - you will prevail", "*ṣēʾ*": "qal imperative ms - go out", "*wa-ʿăśēh*": "waw conjunctive + qal imperative ms - and do", "*k̄ēn*": "adverb - thus/so" }, "variants": { "*ʾēṣēʾ*": "I will go out/proceed/exit", "*hāyîtî*": "I will be/become/exist as", "*rûaḥ*": "spirit/wind/breath", "*šeqer*": "falsehood/lie/deception/pretense", "*pî*": "mouth/opening/speech", "*nəb̄îʾāyw*": "his prophets/seers/spokesmen", "*təp̄atteh*": "you will entice/persuade/deceive", "*tûk̄āl*": "you will prevail/be able/succeed", "*ṣēʾ*": "go out/exit/proceed", "*ʿăśēh*": "do/make/accomplish/perform" } } 23 { "verseID": "1 Kings.22.23", "source": "וְעַתָּ֗ה הִנֵּ֨ה נָתַ֤ן יְהוָה֙ ר֣וּחַ שֶׁ֔קֶר בְּפִ֖י כָּל־נְבִיאֶ֣יךָ אֵ֑לֶּה וַֽיהוָ֔ה דִּבֶּ֥ר עָלֶ֖יךָ רָעָֽה׃", "text": "And-now, behold *nātan YHWH rûaḥ šeqer* in-*pî* all-*nəb̄îʾekā* these, and-*YHWH dibber* concerning-you *rāʿâ*.", "grammar": { "*nātan*": "qal perfect 3ms - he has given/put", "*YHWH*": "divine name - Yahweh/LORD", "*rûaḥ*": "feminine singular construct - spirit of", "*šeqer*": "masculine singular noun - falsehood", "*pî*": "masculine singular construct - mouth of", "*nəb̄îʾekā*": "masculine plural noun with 2ms suffix - your prophets", "*dibber*": "piel perfect 3ms - he has spoken", "*rāʿâ*": "feminine singular noun - evil/calamity" }, "variants": { "*nātan*": "given/put/placed/set/appointed", "*rûaḥ*": "spirit/wind/breath", "*šeqer*": "falsehood/lie/deception/pretense", "*pî*": "mouth/opening/speech", "*nəb̄îʾekā*": "your prophets/seers/spokesmen", "*dibber*": "spoken/declared/commanded", "*rāʿâ*": "evil/calamity/misfortune/disaster" } }
• Job 15:2 : 2 { "verseID": "Job.15.2", "source": "הֶחָכָם יַעֲנֶה דַעַת־רוּחַ וִימַלֵּא קָדִים בִּטְנוֹ", "text": "*heḥāḵām* *yaʿăneh* *daʿat-rûaḥ* *wîmalēʾ* *qādîm* *biṭnô*", "grammar": { "*heḥāḵām*": "interrogative particle + adjective, masculine singular - is a wise man?", "*yaʿăneh*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - he answers/will answer", "*daʿat-rûaḥ*": "construct noun + noun - knowledge of wind", "*wîmalēʾ*": "waw consecutive + piel imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he fills", "*qādîm*": "noun, masculine singular - east wind", "*biṭnô*": "noun, masculine singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his belly" }, "variants": { "*ḥāḵām*": "wise, sage, skillful", "*yaʿăneh*": "to answer, respond, reply", "*daʿat*": "knowledge, insight, wisdom", "*rûaḥ*": "wind, breath, spirit", "*malēʾ*": "to fill, be full", "*qādîm*": "east wind (often hot, scorching)", "*beṭen*": "belly, stomach, womb" } }