Verse 19

{ "verseID": "Isaiah.8.19", "source": "וְכִֽי־יֹאמְר֣וּ אֲלֵיכֶ֗ם דִּרְשׁ֤וּ אֶל־הָאֹבוֹת֙ וְאֶל־הַיִּדְּעֹנִ֔ים הַֽמְצַפְצְפִ֖ים וְהַמַּהְגִּ֑ים הֲלוֹא־עַם֙ אֶל־אֱלֹהָ֣יו יִדְרֹ֔שׁ בְּעַ֥ד הַחַיִּ֖ים אֶל־הַמֵּתִֽים׃", "text": "And-when-*yōʾmərû* to-you *diršû* to-*hā-ʾōbôt* and-to-*ha-yiddəʿōnîm ha-məṣapṣəpîm* and-*ha-mahgîm* should-not-*ʿam* to-*ʾĕlōhāyw yidrōš* on-behalf-of *ha-ḥayyîm* to-*ha-mētîm*", "grammar": { "*yōʾmərû*": "qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural - they will say", "*diršû*": "qal imperative masculine plural - seek/inquire of", "*hā-ʾōbôt*": "definite article + noun masculine plural - the mediums/spirits of the dead", "*ha-yiddəʿōnîm*": "definite article + noun masculine plural - the familiar spirits/wizards", "*ha-məṣapṣəpîm*": "definite article + pilpel participle masculine plural - the whisperers/chirpers", "*ha-mahgîm*": "definite article + qal participle masculine plural - the muttering ones", "*ʿam*": "noun masculine singular - people", "*ʾĕlōhāyw*": "noun masculine plural + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his God", "*yidrōš*": "qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - he should seek", "*ha-ḥayyîm*": "definite article + adjective masculine plural - the living", "*ha-mētîm*": "definite article + qal participle masculine plural - the dead" }, "variants": { "*hā-ʾōbôt*": "mediums/spirits of the dead/necromancers", "*ha-yiddəʿōnîm*": "familiar spirits/wizards/those who claim special knowledge", "*ha-məṣapṣəpîm*": "whisperers/chirpers/those who make bird-like sounds", "*ha-mahgîm*": "mutterers/those who mumble/those who make unintelligible sounds", "*bəʿad ha-ḥayyîm ʾel-ha-mētîm*": "on behalf of the living (consult) the dead" } }

Other Translations

• GT, oversatt fra Hebraisk

  Når de sier til dere: 'Søk råd hos spiritister og spåmenn som hvisker og mumler,' skal ikke et folk søke råd hos sin Gud? Skal de levende spørre de døde?

• Moderne oversettelse av Bibelen fra 1611 KJV med hebraisk kontekst

  Når de sier til dere: Søk hos åndemanere og spåmenn som hvisker og mumler, skal ikke et folk søke sin Gud? Skal man spørre de døde for de levende?

• Norsk King James

  Og når de sier til deg: Søk til de med åndemanere og til trollmenn som hvisker og mumler: Skulle ikke et folk søke til sin Gud? for de levende til de døde?

• Modernisert Norsk Bibel 1866

  Når de sier til dere: Søk til gjenferd og spåmenn som kvitrer og mumler, skal ikke et folk søke til sin Gud? Søker man døde for de levende?

• Oversettelse av hebraiske Bibeltekster til moderne norsk bokmål

  Når de sier til dere: Spør ut åndemanerne og de spådomskyndige som hvisker og mumler, skulle ikke et folk søke sin Gud? Hvorfor spørre de døde for de levendes skyld?

• Bibelen: En Moderne Oversettelse av King James Version 1611

  Når de sier til deg: Søk dem som har åndemanere og trollmenn som hvisker og mumler — skal ikke et folk søke sin Gud? Hvordan kan man søke de døde for de levende?

• o3-mini KJV Norsk

  Og når de sier til dere: «Søk til de som har kjente ånder og til trolldommenn som mumler», skal ikke et folk søke sin Gud – den levende blant de døde?

• En Moderne Oversettelse av King James Version 1611 (mar 2025)

  Når de sier til deg: Søk dem som har åndemanere og trollmenn som hvisker og mumler — skal ikke et folk søke sin Gud? Hvordan kan man søke de døde for de levende?

• Lingvistisk bibeloversettelse fra grunntekst

  Når de sier til dere: "Spør de døde åndene og dem som hvisker og mumler," skal ikke et folk spørre sin Gud? Skal de spørre de døde på vegne av de levende?

• Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts

  When they say to you, 'Consult the mediums and the spiritists who whisper and mutter,' shouldn’t a people consult their God? Should they inquire of the dead on behalf of the living?

• GT, oversatt fra hebraisk Aug2024

  Når de sier til dere: 'Rådfør dere med dødningemanere og spåmenn som kvitrer og mumler', skal ikke et folk rådføre seg med sin Gud? Skal de rådspørre de døde på vegne av de levende?

• Original Norsk Bibel 1866

  Og naar de ville sige til eder: Søger til Spaaqvinderne og til Tegnsudlæggerne, dem, som qviddre, og dem, som mumle, (da siger:) Skal ikke et Folk søge til sin Gud? (skal man) søge til de Døde for de Levende?

• King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)

  And when they shall say unto you, Seek unto them that have familiar spirits, and unto wizards that peep, and that mutter: should not a people seek unto their God? for the living to the dead?

• KJV 1769 norsk

  Når de sier til dere: «Søk til dem som har åndene i seg og til trollmenn som kvitrer og mumler», skal ikke et folk søke sin Gud? Skal de hente råd fra de døde for de levende?

• KJV1611 - Moderne engelsk

  And when they say to you, Seek those who have familiar spirits, and wizards that whisper and mutter: should not a people seek their God? for the living to the dead?

• King James Version 1611 (Original)

  And when they shall say unto you, Seek unto them that have familiar spirits, and unto wizards that peep, and that mutter: should not a people seek unto their God? for the living to the dead?

• Norsk oversettelse av Webster

  Når de sier til deg: "Rådfør deg med dem som har åndemanere og med trollmenn som kvitrer og mumler," skal ikke et folk rådføre seg med sin Gud? Skal de på grunn av de levende søke hos de døde?

• Norsk oversettelse av Youngs Literal Translation

  Og når de sier til dere: 'Spør dem som har åndemanerevner, og trollmenn som hvisker og mumler,' — Skal ikke et folk søke sin Gud isteden? For de levende til de døde!

• Norsk oversettelse av ASV1901

  Og når de sier til dere: «Søk dem som har ånder og spåmenn som hvisker og mumler», skal ikke et folk søke sin Gud? For de levende skal de vel ikke søke blant de døde?

• Norsk oversettelse av BBE

  Og når de sier til deg, spør de som har kontroll over åndene, og de som er øvet i de hemmelige kunster, som lager hule fuglelignende lyder; er det ikke riktig for et folk å spørre sine guder, å søke for de levende til de døde?

• Coverdale Bible (1535)

  And therfore yf they saye vnto you: aske councel at the soythsayers, witches, charmers and coniurers, then make them this answere: Is there a people enywhere, that axeth not councel at his God: whether it be concernynge the dead, or the lyuynge?

• Geneva Bible (1560)

  And when they shal say vnto you, Enquire at them that haue a spirit of diuination, and at the soothsayers, which whisper and murmure, Should not a people enquire at their God? from the liuing to the dead?

• Bishops' Bible (1568)

  And if they say vnto you, Aske counsayle at the Soothsayers, Witches, Charmers, and Coniurers: then make them this aunswere, Is there a people any where that asketh not counsayle at his God? shoulde men runne vnto the dead for the liuing?

• Authorized King James Version (1611)

  And when they shall say unto you, Seek unto them that have familiar spirits, and unto wizards that peep, and that mutter: should not a people seek unto their God? for the living to the dead?

• Webster's Bible (1833)

  When they shall tell you, "Consult with those who have familiar spirits and with the wizards, who chirp and who mutter:" shouldn't a people consult with their God? on behalf of the living [should they consult] with the dead?

• Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

  And when they say unto you, `Seek unto those having familiar spirits, And unto wizards, who chatter and mutter, Doth not a people seek unto its God? -- For the living unto the dead!

• American Standard Version (1901)

  And when they shall say unto you, Seek unto them that have familiar spirits and unto the wizards, that chirp and that mutter: should not a people seek unto their God? on behalf of the living [should they seek] unto the dead?

• Bible in Basic English (1941)

  And when they say to you, Make request for us to those who have control of spirits, and to those wise in secret arts, who make hollow bird-like sounds; is it not right for a people to make request to their gods, to make request for the living to the dead?

• World English Bible (2000)

  When they tell you, "Consult with those who have familiar spirits and with the wizards, who chirp and who mutter:" shouldn't a people consult with their God? Should they consult the dead on behalf of the living?

• NET Bible® (New English Translation)

  Darkness Turns to Light as an Ideal King Arrives They will say to you,“Seek oracles at the pits used to conjure up underworld spirits, from the magicians who chirp and mutter incantations. Should people not seek oracles from their gods, by asking the dead about the destiny of the living?”

Referenced Verses

• Isa 19:3 : 3 { "verseID": "Isaiah.19.3", "source": "וְנָבְקָ֤ה רֽוּחַ־מִצְרַ֙יִם֙ בְּקִרְבּ֔וֹ וַעֲצָת֖וֹ אֲבַלֵּ֑עַ וְדָרְשׁ֤וּ אֶל־הָֽאֱלִילִים֙ וְאֶל־הָ֣אִטִּ֔ים וְאֶל־הָאֹב֖וֹת וְאֶל־הַיִּדְּעֹנִֽים׃", "text": "And-*nāḇqāh* *rûaḥ*-*Miṣrayim* in-*qirbô* and-*ʿăṣātô* *ʾăḇallēaʿ* and-*dārĕšû* to-the-*ʾĕlîlîm* and-to-the-*ʾiṭṭîm* and-to-the-*ʾōḇôṯ* and-to-the-*yiddĕʿōnîm*", "grammar": { "*nāḇqāh*": "verb, niphal perfect, 3rd person feminine singular - will be emptied/confused", "*rûaḥ*": "noun, feminine singular construct - spirit of", "*Miṣrayim*": "proper noun, masculine dual/plural - Egypt", "*qirbô*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - its midst", "*ʿăṣātô*": "noun, feminine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his counsel/plan", "*ʾăḇallēaʿ*": "verb, piel imperfect, 1st person singular - I will confound/swallow up", "*dārĕšû*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd person plural - they will seek/inquire", "*ʾĕlîlîm*": "noun, masculine plural - idols", "*ʾiṭṭîm*": "noun, masculine plural - charmers/necromancers", "*ʾōḇôṯ*": "noun, masculine plural - mediums/those with familiar spirits", "*yiddĕʿōnîm*": "noun, masculine plural - wizards/soothsayers" }, "variants": { "*nāḇqāh*": "will be emptied/confused/poured out/wasted away", "*rûaḥ*": "spirit/wind/breath/mind/courage", "*ʿăṣātô*": "his counsel/plan/advice/wisdom", "*ʾăḇallēaʿ*": "I will confound/swallow up/frustrate/ruin", "*dārĕšû*": "they will seek/inquire/consult/resort to", "*ʾĕlîlîm*": "idols/worthless things/vain things", "*ʾiṭṭîm*": "charmers/necromancers/whisperers/murmurers", "*ʾōḇôṯ*": "mediums/those with familiar spirits/ghost-conjurers", "*yiddĕʿōnîm*": "wizards/soothsayers/fortune-tellers/those who claim supernatural knowledge" } }
• Isa 29:4 : 4 { "verseID": "Isaiah.29.4", "source": "וְשָׁפַלְתְּ֙ מֵאֶ֣רֶץ תְּדַבֵּ֔רִי וּמֵֽעָפָ֖ר תִּשַּׁ֣ח אִמְרָתֵ֑ךְ וְֽ֠הָיָה כְּא֤וֹב מֵאֶ֙רֶץ֙ קוֹלֵ֔ךְ וּמֵעָפָ֖ר אִמְרָתֵ֥ךְ תְּצַפְצֵֽף", "text": "*wĕ-šāp̱alt* from-*ʾereṣ* *tĕdabbērî* and-from-*ʿāp̱ār* *tiššaḥ* *ʾimrātēḵ* *wĕ-hāyāh* like-*ʾôḇ* from-*ʾereṣ* *qôlēḵ* and-from-*ʿāp̱ār* *ʾimrātēḵ* *tĕṣap̱ṣēp̱*", "grammar": { "*wĕ-šāp̱alt*": "verb, qal perfect with waw consecutive, 2nd person feminine singular - you will be brought low", "*mē-ʾereṣ*": "preposition min + noun, feminine singular - from the earth/ground", "*tĕdabbērî*": "verb, piel imperfect, 2nd person feminine singular - you will speak", "*mē-ʿāp̱ār*": "preposition min + noun, masculine singular - from the dust", "*tiššaḥ*": "verb, niphal imperfect, 3rd person feminine singular - it will be low/humbled", "*ʾimrātēḵ*": "noun, feminine singular with 2nd person feminine singular suffix - your speech/utterance", "*wĕ-hāyāh*": "verb, qal perfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular - and it will be", "*kĕ-ʾôḇ*": "preposition kaph + noun, masculine singular - like a ghost/medium", "*mē-ʾereṣ*": "preposition min + noun, feminine singular - from the earth/ground", "*qôlēḵ*": "noun, masculine singular with 2nd person feminine singular suffix - your voice", "*mē-ʿāp̱ār*": "preposition min + noun, masculine singular - from the dust", "*ʾimrātēḵ*": "noun, feminine singular with 2nd person feminine singular suffix - your speech/utterance", "*tĕṣap̱ṣēp̱*": "verb, pilpel imperfect, 3rd person feminine singular - it will chirp/whisper" }, "variants": { "*šāp̱alt*": "be brought low/humbled/abased", "*ʾereṣ*": "earth/ground/land", "*tiššaḥ*": "be low/humbled/brought down", "*ʾimrātēḵ*": "speech/utterance/saying", "*ʾôḇ*": "ghost/spirit of the dead/medium", "*tĕṣap̱ṣēp̱*": "chirp/whisper/squeak (like bird sounds)" } }
• 2 Chr 33:6 : 6 { "verseID": "2 Chronicles.33.6", "source": "וְהוּא֩ הֶעֱבִ֨יר אֶת־בָּנָ֤יו בָּאֵשׁ֙ בְּגֵ֣י בֶן־הִנֹּ֔ם וְעוֹנֵ֤ן וְנִחֵשׁ֙ וְֽכִשֵּׁ֔ף וְעָ֥שָׂה א֖וֹב וְיִדְּעוֹנִ֑י הִרְבָּ֗ה לַעֲשׂ֥וֹת הָרַ֛ע בְּעֵינֵ֥י יְהוָ֖ה לְהַכְעִיסֽוֹ׃", "text": "*Wehûʾ* *heʿĕvîr* *ʾet*-*bānāyw* *bāʾêsh* *begê* *ven*-*hinnom* *weʿônên* *weniḥêsh* *wekhishshêf* *weʿāsāh* *ʾôv* *weyiddeʿônî* *hirbāh* *laʿăsôt* *hāraʿ* *beʿênê* *YHWH* *lehakhʿîsô*", "grammar": { "*Wehûʾ*": "conjunction + 3rd person masculine singular pronoun - and he", "*heʿĕvîr*": "Hiphil perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - caused to pass", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*bānāyw*": "masculine plural noun + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his sons", "*bāʾêsh*": "preposition + definite article + feminine singular noun - in the fire", "*begê*": "preposition + masculine singular construct - in valley of", "*ven*": "masculine singular construct - son of", "*hinnom*": "proper noun - Hinnom", "*weʿônên*": "conjunction + Poel perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - practiced soothsaying", "*weniḥêsh*": "conjunction + Piel perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - practiced divination", "*wekhishshêf*": "conjunction + Piel perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - practiced sorcery", "*weʿāsāh*": "conjunction + Qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - and he made/practiced", "*ʾôv*": "masculine singular noun - medium/necromancer", "*weyiddeʿônî*": "conjunction + masculine singular noun - spiritist/wizard", "*hirbāh*": "Hiphil perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - multiplied/increased", "*laʿăsôt*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct - to do", "*hāraʿ*": "definite article + adjective, masculine singular - the evil", "*beʿênê*": "preposition + construct plural of עַיִן - in eyes of", "*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name - Yahweh", "*lehakhʿîsô*": "preposition + Hiphil infinitive construct + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - to provoke him to anger" }, "variants": { "*heʿĕvîr* *bāʾêsh*": "passed through fire/burned as offering", "*ʿônên*": "practiced soothsaying/used fortune-telling/observed omens", "*niḥêsh*": "practiced divination/used enchantments", "*khishshêf*": "practiced sorcery/witchcraft", "*ʾôv*": "medium/necromancer/ghost conjurer", "*yiddeʿônî*": "spiritist/wizard/familiar spirit" } }
• 1 Sam 28:8 : 8 { "verseID": "1 Samuel.28.8", "source": "וַיִּתְחַפֵּ֣שׂ שָׁא֗וּל וַיִּלְבַּשׁ֙ בְּגָדִ֣ים אֲחֵרִ֔ים וַיֵּ֣לֶךְ ה֗וּא וּשְׁנֵ֤י אֲנָשִׁים֙ עִמּ֔וֹ וַיָּבֹ֥אוּ אֶל־הָאִשָּׁ֖ה לָ֑יְלָה וַיֹּ֗אמֶר *קסומי־**קֽ͏ָסֳמִי־נָ֥א לִי֙ בָּא֔וֹב וְהַ֣עֲלִי לִ֔י אֵ֥ת אֲשֶׁר־אֹמַ֖ר אֵלָֽיִךְ׃", "text": "And *wayyitḥappêś* *šāʾûl* and *wayyilbaš* *bəgādîm* *ʾăḥêrîm*, and *wayyêleḵ* he and two *ʾănāšîm* with him; and *wayyāḇōʾû* to-the *ʾiššāh* *lāyəlāh*; and *wayyōʾmer*, *qosŏmî*-*nāʾ* for me in the *ʾôḇ*, and *haʿălî* for me *ʾêt* whom I *ʾōmar* to you.", "grammar": { "*wayyitḥappêś*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular, hithpael - and he disguised himself", "*šāʾûl*": "proper noun - Saul", "*wayyilbaš*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he put on", "*bəgādîm*": "masculine plural noun - clothes", "*ʾăḥêrîm*": "masculine plural adjective - other", "*wayyêleḵ*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he went", "*ʾănāšîm*": "masculine plural noun - men", "*wayyāḇōʾû*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd plural - and they came", "*ʾiššāh*": "feminine singular noun with definite article - the woman", "*lāyəlāh*": "masculine singular noun - night", "*wayyōʾmer*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he said", "*qosŏmî*": "imperative, feminine singular - divine", "*nāʾ*": "particle of entreaty - please", "*ʾôḇ*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - the medium/spirit", "*haʿălî*": "imperative, feminine singular, hiphil - bring up", "*ʾōmar*": "imperfect, 1st singular - I will say" }, "variants": { "*wayyitḥappêś*": "and he disguised himself/concealed his identity", "*qosŏmî*": "divine/practice divination/perform an oracle", "*ʾôḇ*": "medium/necromancy/spirit of the dead", "*haʿălî*": "bring up/raise/summon" } }
• Lev 20:6 : 6 { "verseID": "Leviticus.20.6", "source": "וְהַנֶּ֗פֶשׁ אֲשֶׁ֨ר תִּפְנֶ֤ה אֶל־הָֽאֹבֹת֙ וְאֶל־הַיִּדְּעֹנִ֔ים לִזְנ֖וֹת אַחֲרֵיהֶ֑ם וְנָתַתִּ֤י אֶת־פָּנַי֙ בַּנֶּ֣פֶשׁ הַהִ֔וא וְהִכְרַתִּ֥י אֹת֖וֹ מִקֶּ֥רֶב עַמּֽוֹ׃", "text": "*wᵊ-ha-nepeš* *ʾăšer* *tipneh* to-*hā-ʾōbōt* and-to-*ha-yiddᵊʿōnîm* to-*liznôt* after-them *wᵊ-nātattî* *ʾet*-*pānay* in-*ha-nepeš* *ha-hiwʾ* *wᵊ-hikrattî* *ʾōtô* from-midst *ʿammô*", "grammar": { "*wᵊ-ha-nepeš*": "conjunction + definite article + noun, feminine singular - and the person/soul", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - who/which/that", "*tipneh*": "imperfect, 3rd feminine singular - turns/turns aside", "*ʾel*-*hā-ʾōbōt*": "preposition + definite article + noun, masculine plural - to the mediums", "*wᵊ-ʾel*-*ha-yiddᵊʿōnîm*": "conjunction + preposition + definite article + noun, masculine plural - and to the spiritists/wizards", "*li-znôt*": "preposition + infinitive construct - to commit harlotry", "*ʾaḥărêhem*": "preposition with 3rd masculine plural suffix - after them", "*wᵊ-nātattî*": "conjunction + perfect, 1st singular - and I will set", "*ʾet*-*pānay*": "direct object marker + noun, masculine plural with 1st singular suffix - my face", "*ba-nepeš*": "preposition + definite article + noun, feminine singular - against the person/soul", "*ha-hiwʾ*": "definite article + demonstrative pronoun - that", "*wᵊ-hikrattî*": "conjunction + perfect, 1st singular - and I will cut off", "*ʾōtô*": "direct object marker + 3rd masculine singular suffix - him", "*mi-qereb*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular construct - from midst of", "*ʿammô*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his people" }, "variants": { "*ha-nepeš*": "the person/the soul/the being", "*tipneh*": "turns to/consults with/seeks", "*hā-ʾōbōt*": "mediums/necromancers/those who communicate with the dead", "*ha-yiddᵊʿōnîm*": "spiritists/wizards/fortune-tellers", "*li-znôt*": "to commit harlotry/to be unfaithful/to prostitute themselves", "*nātattî* *ʾet*-*pānay*": "set my face against/direct my attention against", "*hikrattî*": "cut off/destroy/eliminate" } }
• 1 Chr 10:13 : 13 { "verseID": "1 Chronicles.10.13", "source": "וַיָּ֣מָת שָׁא֗וּל בְּמַֽעֲלוֹ֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר מָעַ֣ל בַּֽיהוָ֔ה עַל־דְּבַ֥ר יְהוָ֖ה אֲשֶׁ֣ר לֹא־שָׁמָ֑ר וְגַם־לִשְׁא֥וֹל בָּא֖וֹב לִדְרֽוֹשׁ׃", "text": "And *wayyāmāt* *šāʾûl* in-*bəmaʿălô* that *māʿal* against-*bayhwh*, concerning-*dəbar* *yhwh* that *lōʾ*-*šāmār*, and also-to-*lišʾôl* with-*bāʾôb* to-*lidrôš*.", "grammar": { "*wayyāmāt*": "verb, Qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular - and he died", "*šāʾûl*": "proper noun - Saul", "*bəmaʿălô*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix and preposition - in his unfaithfulness", "*māʿal*": "verb, Qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he committed", "*bayhwh*": "proper noun with preposition - against YHWH", "*dəbar*": "noun, masculine singular construct - word of", "*yhwh*": "proper noun - YHWH", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*šāmār*": "verb, Qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he kept", "*lišʾôl*": "verb, Qal infinitive construct with preposition - to inquire", "*bāʾôb*": "noun, masculine singular with preposition - with the medium", "*lidrôš*": "verb, Qal infinitive construct with preposition - to seek" }, "variants": { "*bəmaʿălô*": "in his unfaithfulness/treachery/transgression", "*māʿal*": "he committed/acted unfaithfully/transgressed", "*dəbar yhwh*": "word of YHWH/command of YHWH", "*lōʾ-šāmār*": "he did not keep/observe/obey", "*lišʾôl bāʾôb*": "to inquire of the medium/to consult a necromancer", "*lidrôš*": "to seek/inquire/consult" } }
• Ps 106:28 : 28 { "verseID": "Psalms.106.28", "source": "וַ֭יִּצָּ֣מְדוּ לְבַ֣עַל פְּע֑וֹר וַ֝יֹּאכְל֗וּ זִבְחֵ֥י מֵתִֽים׃", "text": "*wayyiṣṣāmədū* to-*Ba'al* *Pə'ōr* *wayyō'kəlū* *zibḥê* *mētîm*", "grammar": { "*wayyiṣṣāmədū*": "niphal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person plural - and they joined themselves", "*Ba'al*": "proper noun - Baal", "*Pə'ōr*": "proper noun - Peor", "*wayyō'kəlū*": "qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person plural - and they ate", "*zibḥê*": "noun, masculine, plural construct - sacrifices of", "*mētîm*": "adjective, masculine, plural - dead ones" }, "variants": { "*wayyiṣṣāmədū*": "and they joined themselves/attached themselves/yoked themselves", "*zibḥê*": "sacrifices/offerings", "*mētîm*": "dead ones/lifeless beings/corpses" } }
• Jer 10:10 : 10 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.10.10", "source": "וַֽיהוָ֤ה אֱלֹהִים֙ אֱמֶ֔ת הֽוּא־אֱלֹהִ֥ים חַיִּ֖ים וּמֶ֣לֶךְ עוֹלָ֑ם מִקִּצְפּוֹ֙ תִּרְעַ֣שׁ הָאָ֔רֶץ וְלֹֽא־יָכִ֥לוּ גוֹיִ֖ם זַעְמֽוֹ׃", "text": "And-*YHWH* *ʾĕlōhîm* *ʾĕmet* *hûʾ*-*ʾĕlōhîm* *ḥayyîm* and-*meleḵ* *ʿôlām* from-*qiṣpô* *tirʿaš* *hā-ʾāreṣ* and-not-*yāḵilû* *gôyim* *zaʿmô*", "grammar": { "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "noun, masculine plural - God/gods", "*ʾĕmet*": "noun, feminine singular - truth", "*hûʾ*": "pronoun, 3rd masculine singular - he/it", "*ḥayyîm*": "adjective, masculine plural - living", "*meleḵ*": "noun, masculine singular construct - king of", "*ʿôlām*": "noun, masculine singular - eternity/long duration", "*qiṣpô*": "noun, masculine singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his wrath", "*tirʿaš*": "qal imperfect, 3rd feminine singular - she trembles", "*hā-ʾāreṣ*": "definite article + noun, feminine singular - the earth/land", "*yāḵilû*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - they endure", "*gôyim*": "noun, masculine plural - nations", "*zaʿmô*": "noun, masculine singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his indignation" }, "variants": { "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "God/gods/judges/divine beings", "*ʾĕmet*": "truth/faithfulness/reliability", "*ḥayyîm*": "living/alive/flowing (water)", "*ʿôlām*": "eternity/long duration/ancient time/world", "*qiṣpô*": "his wrath/anger/indignation", "*tirʿaš*": "trembles/quakes/shakes", "*yāḵilû*": "they endure/bear/contain/can" } }
• 1 Thess 1:9 : 9 { "verseID": "1 Thessalonians.1.9", "source": "Αὐτοὶ γὰρ περὶ ἡμῶν ἀπαγγέλλουσιν ὁποίαν εἴσοδον ἔσχομεν πρὸς ὑμᾶς, καὶ πῶς ἐπεστρέψατε πρὸς τὸν Θεὸν ἀπὸ τῶν εἰδώλων δουλεύειν Θεῷ ζῶντι καὶ ἀληθινῷ·", "text": "They for concerning us *apangellous* what-kind *eisodon* we-*eschomen* *pros* you, and how you-*epestrepsate* *pros* the *Theon* from the *eidōlōn* to-*douleuein* *Theō* *zōnti* and *alēthinō*;", "grammar": { "*apangellous*": "present, active, indicative, 3rd person plural - they report/declare/announce", "*eisodon*": "accusative, feminine, singular - entrance/access/coming", "*eschomen*": "aorist, active, indicative, 1st person plural - we had/obtained", "*pros*": "preposition + accusative - towards/to", "*epestrepsate*": "aorist, active, indicative, 2nd person plural - you turned/returned", "*Theon*": "accusative, masculine, singular - God", "*eidōlōn*": "genitive, neuter, plural - of idols/images", "*douleuein*": "present, active, infinitive - to serve/be enslaved to", "*Theō*": "dative, masculine, singular - to God", "*zōnti*": "present, active, participle, dative, masculine, singular - to living", "*alēthinō*": "dative, masculine, singular - to true/genuine" }, "variants": { "*apangellous*": "report/declare/announce/proclaim", "*eisodon*": "entrance/access/coming/visit", "*eschomen*": "had/obtained/possessed", "*epestrepsate*": "turned/returned/converted", "*eidōlōn*": "idols/images/representations", "*douleuein*": "to serve/be enslaved to/minister to", "*zōnti*": "living/alive", "*alēthinō*": "true/genuine/real/authentic" } }
• 2 Pet 2:1 : 1 { "verseID": "2 Peter.2.1", "source": "¶Ἐγένοντο δὲ καὶ ψευδοπροφῆται ἐν τῷ λαῷ, ὡς καὶ ἐν ὑμῖν ἔσονται ψευδοδιδάσκαλοι, οἵτινες παρεισάξουσιν αἱρέσεις ἀπωλείας, καὶ τὸν ἀγοράσαντα αὐτοὺς Δεσπότην ἀρνούμενοι, ἐπάγοντες ἑαυτοῖς ταχινὴν ἀπώλειαν.", "text": "*Egenonto de* and *kai pseudoprophētai* in the *laō*, *hōs kai* in you *esontai pseudodidaskaloi*, *hoitines pareisaxousin haireseis apōleias*, *kai* the *agorasanta* them *Despotēn arnoumenoi*, *epagontes heautois tachinēn apōleian*.", "grammar": { "*Egenonto*": "aorist indicative middle/passive, 3rd plural - 'became/arose'", "*de*": "postpositive particle - 'but/and'", "*kai*": "conjunction/adverb - 'also/even'", "*pseudoprophētai*": "nominative plural masculine - 'false prophets'", "*laō*": "dative singular masculine - 'people'", "*hōs*": "adverb/conjunction - 'as/like'", "*esontai*": "future indicative middle, 3rd plural - 'will be'", "*pseudodidaskaloi*": "nominative plural masculine - 'false teachers'", "*hoitines*": "nominative plural masculine relative pronoun - 'who/whoever'", "*pareisaxousin*": "future indicative active, 3rd plural - 'will bring in secretly'", "*haireseis*": "accusative plural feminine - 'heresies/divisions/choices'", "*apōleias*": "genitive singular feminine - 'of destruction/ruin'", "*agorasanta*": "aorist active participle, accusative singular masculine - 'having bought/purchased'", "*Despotēn*": "accusative singular masculine - 'Master/Lord'", "*arnoumenoi*": "present middle participle, nominative plural masculine - 'denying'", "*epagontes*": "present active participle, nominative plural masculine - 'bringing upon'", "*heautois*": "dative plural reflexive pronoun - 'themselves'", "*tachinēn*": "accusative singular feminine - 'swift/quick'", "*apōleian*": "accusative singular feminine - 'destruction/ruin'" }, "variants": { "*Egenonto*": "arose/came to be/became", "*pseudoprophētai*": "false prophets/those who falsely claim to speak for God", "*laō*": "people/nation/crowd", "*pseudodidaskaloi*": "false teachers/those who teach falsehoods", "*pareisaxousin*": "will secretly introduce/will bring in alongside/will smuggle in", "*haireseis*": "heresies/factions/sects/divisions/choices", "*apōleias*": "of destruction/ruin/perdition/damnation", "*agorasanta*": "having bought/purchased/redeemed", "*Despotēn*": "Master/Sovereign Lord/absolute ruler", "*arnoumenoi*": "denying/disowning/rejecting", "*epagontes*": "bringing upon/drawing down upon", "*tachinēn*": "swift/quick/sudden", "*apōleian*": "destruction/ruin/perdition/damnation" } }
• Lev 19:31 : 31 { "verseID": "Leviticus.19.31", "source": "אַל־תִּפְנ֤וּ אֶל־הָאֹבֹת֙ וְאֶל־הַיִּדְּעֹנִ֔ים אַל־תְּבַקְשׁ֖וּ לְטָמְאָ֣ה בָהֶ֑ם אֲנִ֖י יְהוָ֥ה אֱלֹהֵיכֶֽם", "text": "*ʾal*-*tip̄nû* *ʾel*-*hāʾōḇōṯ* *wə-ʾel*-*hayyiddəʿōnîm* *ʾal*-*təḇaqšû* *ləṭomʾāh* *ḇāhem* *ʾănî* *YHWH* *ʾĕlōhêḵem*", "grammar": { "*ʾal*": "negative particle with jussive - do not", "*tip̄nû*": "Qal imperfect, 2nd masculine plural jussive - turn", "*ʾel*": "preposition - to", "*hāʾōḇōṯ*": "definite article + noun, masculine plural - the mediums/necromancers", "*wə-ʾel*": "conjunction + preposition - and to", "*hayyiddəʿōnîm*": "definite article + noun, masculine plural - the spiritists/familiar spirits", "*ʾal*": "negative particle with jussive - do not", "*təḇaqšû*": "Piel imperfect, 2nd masculine plural jussive - seek", "*ləṭomʾāh*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct - to be defiled", "*ḇāhem*": "preposition + 3rd masculine plural suffix - by them", "*ʾănî*": "1st person singular independent pronoun - I", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - the LORD", "*ʾĕlōhêḵem*": "noun, masculine plural construct + 2nd masculine plural suffix - your God" }, "variants": { "*hāʾōḇōṯ*": "mediums/necromancers/ghost conjurers/those who communicate with the dead", "*hayyiddəʿōnîm*": "spiritists/wizards/those with familiar spirits/those who claim special knowledge", "*ləṭomʾāh*": "to be defiled/to become unclean/to be polluted" } }
• Deut 18:11 : 11 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.18.11", "source": "וְחֹבֵ֖ר חָ֑בֶר וְשֹׁאֵ֥ל אוֹב֙ וְיִדְּעֹנִ֔י וְדֹרֵ֖שׁ אֶל־הַמֵּתִֽים׃", "text": "And-*chover* *chaver* and-*shoel* *ov* and-*yiddoni* and-*doresh* to-the-*metim*.", "grammar": { "*chover*": "participle, masculine, singular, qal - one who binds", "*chaver*": "noun, masculine, singular - charm/spell", "*shoel*": "participle, masculine, singular, qal - one who inquires", "*ov*": "noun, masculine, singular - medium/spirit", "*yiddoni*": "noun, masculine, singular - spiritist/familiar spirit", "*doresh*": "participle, masculine, singular, qal - one who seeks", "*metim*": "noun, masculine, plural - dead ones" }, "variants": { "*chover chaver*": "charmer/enchanter/one who casts spells", "*shoel ov*": "medium/necromancer/one who consults spirits", "*yiddoni*": "spiritist/wizard/familiar spirit", "*doresh*": "seeker/inquirer/consulter", "*metim*": "dead/deceased/departed" } }
• 1 Sam 28:11 : 11 { "verseID": "1 Samuel.28.11", "source": "וַתֹּ֙אמֶר֙ הָֽאִשָּׁ֔ה אֶת־מִ֖י אַֽעֲלֶה־לָּ֑ךְ וַיֹּ֕אמֶר אֶת־שְׁמוּאֵ֖ל הַֽעֲלִי־לִֽי׃", "text": "And *wattōʾmer* the *ʾiššāh*, *ʾet*-whom *ʾaʿăleh*-for you? And *wayyōʾmer*, *ʾet*-*šəmûʾêl* *haʿălî*-for me.", "grammar": { "*wattōʾmer*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd feminine singular - and she said", "*ʾiššāh*": "feminine singular noun with definite article - the woman", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*ʾaʿăleh*": "imperfect, 1st singular, hiphil - I shall bring up", "*wayyōʾmer*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he said", "*šəmûʾêl*": "proper noun - Samuel", "*haʿălî*": "imperative, feminine singular, hiphil - bring up" }, "variants": { "*ʾaʿăleh*": "I shall bring up/summon/raise", "*haʿălî*": "bring up/summon/raise" } }
• 1 Sam 28:16 : 16 { "verseID": "1 Samuel.28.16", "source": "וַיֹּ֣אמֶר שְׁמוּאֵ֔ל וְלָ֖מָּה תִּשְׁאָלֵ֑נִי וַיהוָ֛ה סָ֥ר מֵעָלֶ֖יךָ וַיְהִ֥י עָרֶֽךָ׃", "text": "And *wayyōʾmer* *šəmûʾêl*, And why *tišʾālênî* when *YHWH* has *sār* from you and has become *ʿāreḵā*?", "grammar": { "*wayyōʾmer*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he said", "*šəmûʾêl*": "proper noun - Samuel", "*tišʾālênî*": "imperfect, 2nd masculine singular with 1st singular suffix - you ask me", "*YHWH*": "divine name", "*sār*": "perfect, 3rd masculine singular - has departed", "*ʿāreḵā*": "masculine singular noun with 2nd masculine singular suffix - your enemy" }, "variants": { "*tišʾālênî*": "you ask me/inquire of me/consult me", "*sār*": "departed/turned away/withdrawn", "*ʿāreḵā*": "your enemy/your adversary/your foe" } }
• 2 Kgs 1:3 : 3 { "verseID": "2 Kings.1.3", "source": "וּמַלְאַ֣ךְ יְהוָ֗ה דִּבֶּר֙ אֶל־אֵלִיָּ֣ה הַתִּשְׁבִּ֔י ק֣וּם עֲלֵ֔ה לִקְרַ֖את מַלְאֲכֵ֣י מֶֽלֶךְ־שֹׁמְר֑וֹן וְדַבֵּ֣ר אֲלֵהֶ֔ם הַֽמִבְּלִ֤י אֵין־אֱלֹהִים֙ בְּיִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל אַתֶּם֙ הֹֽלְכִ֔ים לִדְרֹ֕שׁ בְּבַ֥עַל זְב֖וּב אֱלֹהֵ֥י עֶקְרֽוֹן׃", "text": "*û-malʾak* *YHWH* *dibber* *ʾel-ʾĒliyyāh* *ha-Tishbî* *qûm* *ʿălêh* *liqraʾt* *malʾăkê* *melek-Shōmərôn* *wə-dabbēr* *ʾălêhem* *hă-mib-bəlî* *ʾên-ʾĕlōhîm* *bə-Yisrāʾēl* *ʾattem* *hōləkîm* *li-drōsh* *bə-Baʿal zəbûb* *ʾĕlōhê* *ʿEqrôn*", "grammar": { "*û-malʾak*": "conjunction + noun, masculine singular construct - and messenger/angel of", "*YHWH*": "divine name - Yahweh", "*dibber*": "piel perfect, 3rd masculine singular - spoke", "*ʾel-ʾĒliyyāh*": "preposition + proper noun - to Elijah", "*ha-Tishbî*": "definite article + gentilic adjective - the Tishbite", "*qûm*": "qal imperative, masculine singular - arise", "*ʿălêh*": "qal imperative, masculine singular - go up", "*liqraʾt*": "preposition + infinitive construct - to meet", "*malʾăkê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - messengers of", "*melek-Shōmərôn*": "noun construct + proper noun - king of Samaria", "*wə-dabbēr*": "conjunction + piel imperative, masculine singular - and speak", "*ʾălêhem*": "preposition + 3rd masculine plural suffix - to them", "*hă-mib-bəlî*": "interrogative + preposition + negative particle - is it because there is no", "*ʾên-ʾĕlōhîm*": "negative particle + noun, masculine plural - no God", "*bə-Yisrāʾēl*": "preposition + proper noun - in Israel", "*ʾattem*": "2nd masculine plural independent pronoun - you", "*hōləkîm*": "qal participle, masculine plural - going", "*li-drōsh*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct - to inquire", "*bə-Baʿal zəbûb*": "preposition + proper noun compound - of Baal-zebub", "*ʾĕlōhê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - god of", "*ʿEqrôn*": "proper noun - Ekron" }, "variants": { "*malʾak*": "messenger/angel/envoy", "*qûm*": "arise/stand up/prepare", "*liqraʾt*": "to meet/to encounter/to confront", "*mib-bəlî*": "because there is no/from lack of/without" } }
• 2 Kgs 21:6 : 6 { "verseID": "2Kings.21.6", "source": "וְהֶעֱבִ֤יר אֶת־בְּנוֹ֙ בָּאֵ֔שׁ וְעוֹנֵ֣ן וְנִחֵ֔שׁ וְעָ֥שָׂה א֖וֹב וְיִדְּעֹנִ֑ים הִרְבָּ֗ה לַעֲשׂ֥וֹת הָרַ֛ע בְּעֵינֵ֥י יְהוָ֖ה לְהַכְעִֽיס׃", "text": "*we-he'ĕbîr* *'et*-*bĕnô* in-the-*'ēsh* *we-'ônēn* *we-niḥēsh* *we-'āsāh* *'ôb* *we-yiddĕ'ōnîm* *hirbāh* to-*'ăsôt* the-*ra'* in-*'êynêy* *YHWH* to-*hak'îs*", "grammar": { "*we-he'ĕbîr*": "conjunction + Hiphil perfect 3rd masculine singular - and he caused to pass through", "*'et*": "direct object marker", "*bĕnô*": "noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his son", "*'ēsh*": "feminine singular noun with definite article - the fire", "*we-'ônēn*": "conjunction + Poel perfect 3rd masculine singular - and he practiced soothsaying", "*we-niḥēsh*": "conjunction + Piel perfect 3rd masculine singular - and he practiced divination", "*we-'āsāh*": "conjunction + Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - and he made/used", "*'ôb*": "masculine singular noun - medium/ghost/necromancer", "*we-yiddĕ'ōnîm*": "conjunction + masculine plural noun - and familiar spirits/wizards", "*hirbāh*": "Hiphil perfect 3rd masculine singular - he multiplied/did much", "*'ăsôt*": "Qal infinitive construct - to do", "*ra'*": "noun with definite article - the evil", "*'êynêy*": "construct state - eyes of", "*YHWH*": "divine name - LORD", "*hak'îs*": "Hiphil infinitive construct - to provoke" }, "variants": { "*he'ĕbîr*": "caused to pass through/offered/sacrificed", "*'ônēn*": "practiced soothsaying/used cloud divination/practiced fortune-telling", "*niḥēsh*": "practiced divination/used enchantments/observed omens", "*'ôb*": "medium/ghost/spirit of the dead", "*yiddĕ'ōnîm*": "familiar spirits/wizards/those with special knowledge", "*hirbāh*": "multiplied/did much/increased", "*hak'îs*": "to provoke/to anger/to offend" } }
• 2 Kgs 23:24 : 24 { "verseID": "2 Kings.23.24", "source": "וְגַ֣ם אֶת־הָאֹב֣וֹת וְאֶת־הַ֠יִּדְּעֹנִים וְאֶת־הַתְּרָפִ֨ים וְאֶת־הַגִּלֻּלִ֜ים וְאֵ֣ת כָּל־הַשִּׁקֻּצִ֗ים אֲשֶׁ֤ר נִרְאוּ֙ בְּאֶ֤רֶץ יְהוּדָה֙ וּבִיר֣וּשָׁלִַ֔ם בִּעֵ֖ר יֹֽאשִׁיָּ֑הוּ לְ֠מַעַן הָקִ֞ים אֶת־דִּבְרֵ֤י הַתּוֹרָה֙ הַכְּתֻבִ֣ים עַל־הַסֵּ֔פֶר אֲשֶׁ֥ר מָצָ֛א חִלְקִיָּ֥הוּ הַכֹּהֵ֖ן בֵּ֥ית יְהוָֽה׃", "text": "And-also *ʾet*-the-*ʾōbôt* and-*ʾet*-the-*yiddᵊʿōnîm* and-*ʾet*-the-*tᵊrāpîm* and-*ʾet*-the-*gillulîm* and-*ʾēt* all-the-*šiqqūṣîm* which *nirʾû* in-*ʾereṣ* *yᵊhûdâ* and-in-*yᵊrûšālaim* *biʿēr* *yōʾšiyyāhû* for-*lᵊmaʿan* *hāqîm* *ʾet*-*dibrê* the-*tôrâ* the-*kᵊtubîm* on-the-*sēper* which *māṣāʾ* *ḥilqiyyāhû* the-*kōhēn* *bêt* *YHWH*.", "grammar": { "*ʾōbôt*": "noun, masculine, plural - mediums/necromancers", "*yiddᵊʿōnîm*": "noun, masculine, plural - spiritists/fortune-tellers", "*tᵊrāpîm*": "noun, masculine, plural - household idols/teraphim", "*gillulîm*": "noun, masculine, plural - idols/dung idols", "*šiqqūṣîm*": "noun, masculine, plural - detestable things/abominations", "*nirʾû*": "Niphal perfect, 3rd plural - were seen", "*ʾereṣ*": "noun, feminine, singular construct - land of", "*yᵊhûdâ*": "proper noun - Judah", "*yᵊrûšālaim*": "proper noun - Jerusalem", "*biʿēr*": "Piel perfect, 3rd singular, masculine - he burned/removed/purged", "*yōʾšiyyāhû*": "proper noun - Josiah", "*lᵊmaʿan*": "conjunction - in order that/so that", "*hāqîm*": "Hiphil infinitive construct - to establish/confirm", "*dibrê*": "noun, masculine, plural construct - words of", "*tôrâ*": "noun, feminine, singular - law/instruction", "*kᵊtubîm*": "Qal passive participle, masculine, plural - written", "*sēper*": "noun, masculine, singular - book/scroll", "*māṣāʾ*": "Qal perfect, 3rd singular, masculine - he found", "*ḥilqiyyāhû*": "proper noun - Hilkiah", "*kōhēn*": "noun, masculine, singular - priest", "*bêt*": "noun, masculine, singular construct - house of", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - Yahweh/LORD" }, "variants": { "*ʾōbôt*": "mediums/necromancers/those who consult spirits of the dead", "*yiddᵊʿōnîm*": "spiritists/fortune-tellers/wizards", "*tᵊrāpîm*": "household idols/teraphim/figurines", "*gillulîm*": "idols/dung idols/logs", "*šiqqūṣîm*": "detestable things/abominations/disgusting things", "*biʿēr*": "burned/removed/purged/destroyed", "*hāqîm*": "to establish/confirm/fulfill/perform", "*dibrê*": "words/matters/things", "*tôrâ*": "law/instruction/teaching", "*sēper*": "book/scroll/document" } }