Verse 1

{ "verseID": "John.19.1", "source": "Τότε οὖν ἔλαβεν ὁ Πιλάτος τὸν Ἰησοῦν, καὶ ἐμαστίγωσεν.", "text": "*Tote oun elaben* the *Pilatos* the *Iēsoun*, and *emastigōsen*.", "grammar": { "*Tote*": "adverb - then/at that time", "*oun*": "conjunction, inferential - therefore/then", "*elaben*": "aorist active, 3rd singular - took [completed action]", "*Pilatos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - Pilate", "*Iēsoun*": "accusative, masculine, singular - Jesus [direct object]", "*emastigōsen*": "aorist active, 3rd singular - scourged/whipped [completed action]" }, "variants": { "*Tote oun*": "then therefore/consequently", "*elaben*": "took/seized/received", "*emastigōsen*": "scourged/flogged/whipped" } }

Other Translations

Referenced Verses

  • Isa 50:6 : 6 { "verseID": "Isaiah.50.6", "source": "גֵּוִי֙ נָתַ֣תִּי לְמַכִּ֔ים וּלְחָיַ֖י לְמֹֽרְטִ֑ים פָּנַי֙ לֹ֣א הִסְתַּ֔רְתִּי מִכְּלִמּ֖וֹת וָרֹֽק׃", "text": "My *gēwî* I *nāṯattî* to *makkîm* and my *ləḥāyay* to *mōrəṭîm*; my *pānay* not *histartî* from *kəlimmôṯ* and *rōq*.", "grammar": { "*gēwî*": "noun, masculine singular + 1st person suffix - my back", "*nāṯattî*": "perfect, 1st singular - I gave", "*makkîm*": "hiphil participle, masculine plural - strikers/smiters", "*ləḥāyay*": "noun, feminine dual + 1st person suffix - my cheeks", "*mōrəṭîm*": "qal participle, masculine plural - pluckers", "*pānay*": "noun, masculine plural + 1st person suffix - my face", "*histartî*": "hiphil perfect, 1st singular - I hid", "*kəlimmôṯ*": "noun, feminine plural - insults/shame", "*rōq*": "noun, masculine singular - spitting" }, "variants": { "*gēwî*": "my back/my body", "*nāṯattî*": "I gave/I offered/I presented", "*makkîm*": "strikers/smiters/those who strike", "*ləḥāyay*": "my cheeks/my jawbones", "*mōrəṭîm*": "pluckers/those who pull out (hair)/those who pluck", "*pānay*": "my face/my presence", "*histartî*": "I hid/I concealed", "*kəlimmôṯ*": "insults/shame/disgrace/reproach", "*rōq*": "spitting/spit" } }
  • Isa 53:5 : 5 { "verseID": "Isaiah.53.5", "source": "וְהוּא֙ מְחֹלָ֣ל מִפְּשָׁעֵ֔נוּ מְדֻכָּ֖א מֵעֲוֺנֹתֵ֑ינוּ מוּסַ֤ר שְׁלוֹמֵ֙נוּ֙ עָלָ֔יו וּבַחֲבֻרָת֖וֹ נִרְפָּא־לָֽנוּ׃", "text": "And he *meḥolal* from *peshaʿenu*, *medukaʾ* from *ʿavonoteinu*, *musar* *shelomenu* upon him, and with *ḥavurato* *nirpaʾ* to us.", "grammar": { "*we-huʾ*": "conjunction with 3rd person masculine singular pronoun - and he", "*meḥolal*": "poal participle, masculine singular - pierced/wounded/profaned", "*mi-peshaʿenu*": "preposition with masculine plural noun with 1st person plural suffix - from/because of our transgressions", "*medukaʾ*": "pual participle, masculine singular - crushed/bruised", "*me-ʿavonoteinu*": "preposition with masculine plural noun with 1st person plural suffix - from/because of our iniquities", "*musar*": "masculine singular noun construct - chastisement/discipline of", "*shelomenu*": "masculine singular noun with 1st person plural suffix - our peace/welfare", "*ʿalaw*": "preposition with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - upon him", "*u-va-ḥavurato*": "conjunction, preposition with feminine singular noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - and by his wounds/stripes", "*nirpaʾ-lanu*": "niphal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular with preposition and 1st person plural suffix - healing was to us/we were healed" }, "variants": { "*meḥolal*": "pierced/wounded/profaned/defiled", "*peshaʿenu*": "our transgressions/our rebellions/our crimes", "*medukaʾ*": "crushed/bruised/broken/shattered", "*ʿavonoteinu*": "our iniquities/our sins/our guilt", "*musar*": "chastisement/discipline/punishment/correction", "*shelomenu*": "our peace/our welfare/our well-being/our wholeness", "*ḥavurato*": "his wounds/his stripes/his bruises", "*nirpaʾ-lanu*": "healing was to us/we were healed/we are healed" } }
  • Matt 20:19 : 19 { "verseID": "Matthew.20.19", "source": "Καὶ παραδώσουσιν αὐτὸν τοῖς Ἔθνεσιν εἰς τὸ ἐμπαῖξαι, καὶ μαστιγῶσαι, καὶ σταυρῶσαι: καὶ τῇ τρίτῃ ἡμέρᾳ ἀναστήσεται.", "text": "And they will *paradōsousin* him to the *Ethnesin* for the to *empaixai*, and to *mastigōsai*, and to *staurōsai*: and on the *tritē* *hēmera* he will *anastēsetai*.", "grammar": { "*paradōsousin*": "future, 3rd plural - will deliver/hand over", "*Ethnesin*": "dative, neuter, plural - Gentiles/nations", "*eis to empaixai*": "prepositional phrase with infinitive - for the purpose of mocking", "*mastigōsai*": "aorist infinitive - to scourge/whip", "*staurōsai*": "aorist infinitive - to crucify", "*tritē*": "dative, feminine, singular - third", "*hēmera*": "dative, feminine, singular - day", "*anastēsetai*": "future, 3rd singular, passive - will rise" }, "variants": { "*Ethnesin*": "Gentiles/nations/non-Jews", "*empaixai*": "to mock/ridicule", "*mastigōsai*": "to scourge/whip/flog", "*staurōsai*": "to crucify", "*anastēsetai*": "will rise/will be raised" } }
  • Luke 23:16 : 16 { "verseID": "Luke.23.16", "source": "Παιδεύσας οὖν αὐτὸν, ἀπολύσω.", "text": "*Paideusas oun auton, apolysō*.", "grammar": { "*Paideusas*": "aorist active participle, nominative masculine singular - having chastised/punished", "*oun*": "inferential particle - therefore", "*auton*": "accusative masculine singular - him", "*apolysō*": "future active indicative, 1st person singular - I will release" }, "variants": { "*Paideusas*": "having chastised/having punished/having disciplined", "*apolysō*": "I will release/I will let go" } }
  • Luke 23:23 : 23 { "verseID": "Luke.23.23", "source": "Οἱ δὲ ἐπέκειντο φωναῖς μεγάλαις, αἰτούμενοι αὐτὸν σταυρωθῆναι. Καὶ κατίσχυον αἱ φωναὶ αὐτῶν καὶ τῶν ἀρχιερέων.", "text": "*Hoi de epekeinto phōnais megalais, aitoumenoi auton staurōthēnai. Kai katischuon hai phōnai autōn kai tōn archiereōn*.", "grammar": { "*Hoi de*": "nominative masculine plural article + particle - But they", "*epekeinto*": "imperfect middle indicative, 3rd person plural - were insisting/pressing", "*phōnais megalais*": "dative feminine plural - with loud voices", "*aitoumenoi*": "present middle participle, nominative masculine plural - asking/demanding", "*auton*": "accusative masculine singular - him", "*staurōthēnai*": "aorist passive infinitive - to be crucified", "*Kai*": "conjunction - And", "*katischuon*": "imperfect active indicative, 3rd person plural - prevailed/were stronger", "*hai phōnai*": "nominative feminine plural - the voices", "*autōn*": "genitive masculine plural - of them", "*kai*": "conjunction - and", "*tōn archiereōn*": "genitive masculine plural - of the chief priests" }, "variants": { "*epekeinto*": "were insisting/were pressing/were urging", "*phōnais megalais*": "with loud voices/with great shouts", "*aitoumenoi*": "asking/demanding/requesting", "*staurōthēnai*": "to be crucified/to be nailed to a cross", "*katischuon*": "prevailed/were stronger/overcame" } }
  • Acts 16:22-23 : 22 { "verseID": "Acts.16.22", "source": "Καὶ συνεπέστη ὁ ὄχλος κατʼ αὐτῶν: καὶ οἱ στρατηγοὶ περιρρήξαντες αὐτῶν τὰ ἱμάτια, ἐκέλευον ῥαβδίζειν.", "text": "And *synepestē* the *ochlos* against them: and the *stratēgoi* *perirrhēxantes* of them the *himatia*, *ekeleuon* *rhabdizein*.", "grammar": { "*synepestē*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd singular - rose up together", "*ochlos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - crowd", "*stratēgoi*": "nominative, masculine, plural - magistrates", "*perirrhēxantes*": "aorist active participle, nominative, masculine, plural - having torn off", "*himatia*": "accusative, neuter, plural - garments/clothes", "*ekeleuon*": "imperfect active indicative, 3rd plural - were commanding", "*rhabdizein*": "present active infinitive - to beat with rods" }, "variants": { "*synepestē*": "rose up together/joined in the attack/joined forces", "*ochlos*": "crowd/multitude/mob", "*perirrhēxantes*": "having torn off/having stripped/having ripped", "*himatia*": "garments/clothes/outer garments", "*ekeleuon*": "were commanding/ordering/directing", "*rhabdizein*": "to beat with rods/to give the fasces/to scourge" } } 23 { "verseID": "Acts.16.23", "source": "Πολλάς τε ἐπιθέντες αὐτοῖς πληγὰς, ἔβαλον εἰς φυλακήν, παραγγείλαντες τῷ δεσμοφύλακι ἀσφαλῶς τηρεῖν αὐτούς:", "text": "Many *te* *epithentes* to them *plēgas*, *ebalon* into *phylakēn*, *parangeilantes* to the *desmophylaki* *asphalōs* *tērein* them:", "grammar": { "*te*": "connective particle - and/both", "*epithentes*": "aorist active participle, nominative, masculine, plural - having laid on", "*plēgas*": "accusative, feminine, plural - blows/stripes", "*ebalon*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd plural - threw/cast", "*phylakēn*": "accusative, feminine, singular - prison", "*parangeilantes*": "aorist active participle, nominative, masculine, plural - having charged", "*desmophylaki*": "dative, masculine, singular - jailer", "*asphalōs*": "adverb - securely/safely", "*tērein*": "present active infinitive - to keep/guard" }, "variants": { "*epithentes*": "having laid on/having inflicted/having imposed", "*plēgas*": "blows/stripes/wounds", "*ebalon*": "threw/cast/put", "*phylakēn*": "prison/jail/custody", "*parangeilantes*": "having charged/commanded/ordered", "*desmophylaki*": "jailer/prison guard", "*asphalōs*": "securely/safely/carefully", "*tērein*": "to keep/guard/watch over" } }
  • Acts 22:24-25 : 24 { "verseID": "Acts.22.24", "source": "Ἐκέλευσεν αὐτὸν ὁ χιλίαρχος ἄγεσθαι εἰς τὴν παρεμβολήν, εἰπὼν μάστιξιν ἀνετάζεσθαι αὐτόν· ἵνα ἐπιγνῷ διʼ ἣν αἰτίαν οὕτως ἐπεφώνουν αὐτῷ.", "text": "*Ekeleusen* him the *chiliarchos agesthai* into the *parembolēn*, *eipōn mastixi anetazesthai* him; in order that *epignō* for what *aitian* thus *epephōnoun* to him.", "grammar": { "*Ekeleusen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person singular - he commanded", "*chiliarchos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - commander/tribune", "*agesthai*": "present passive infinitive - to be led/brought", "*parembolēn*": "accusative, feminine, singular - barracks/fortress", "*eipōn*": "aorist active participle, nominative, masculine, singular - having said", "*mastixi*": "dative, feminine, plural - whips/scourges", "*anetazesthai*": "present passive infinitive - to be examined", "*epignō*": "aorist active subjunctive, 3rd person singular - he might know/find out", "*aitian*": "accusative, feminine, singular - cause/reason", "*epephōnoun*": "imperfect active indicative, 3rd person plural - they were shouting" }, "variants": { "*Ekeleusen*": "commanded/ordered/directed", "*chiliarchos*": "commander/tribune/military officer", "*agesthai*": "to be brought/to be led/to be taken", "*parembolēn*": "barracks/fortress/camp", "*mastixi anetazesthai*": "to be examined by scourging/to be interrogated under flogging", "*epignō*": "he might know/learn/discover", "*aitian*": "reason/cause/charge", "*epephōnoun*": "were shouting/were calling out/were crying against" } } 25 { "verseID": "Acts.22.25", "source": "Ὡς δὲ προέτειναν αὐτὸν τοῖς ἱμᾶσιν, εἶπεν πρὸς τὸν ἑστῶτα ἑκατόνταρχον ὁ Παῦλος, Εἰ ἄνθρωπον Ῥωμαῖον καὶ ἀκατάκριτον ἔξεστιν ὑμῖν μαστίζειν;", "text": "As *de proeteinan* him with the *himasin*, *eipen pros* the *hestōta hekatontarchon ho Paulos*, If *anthrōpon Rhōmaion* and *akatakriton exestin* you to *mastizein*?", "grammar": { "*de*": "postpositive conjunction - but/and", "*proeteinan*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person plural - they stretched out/forward", "*himasin*": "dative, masculine, plural - thongs/straps", "*eipen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person singular - he said", "*pros*": "preposition + accusative - to/toward", "*hestōta*": "perfect active participle, accusative, masculine, singular - standing", "*hekatontarchon*": "accusative, masculine, singular - centurion", "*ho Paulos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - Paul (proper name)", "*anthrōpon*": "accusative, masculine, singular - man/person", "*Rhōmaion*": "accusative, masculine, singular - Roman", "*akatakriton*": "accusative, masculine, singular - uncondemned", "*exestin*": "present active indicative, 3rd person singular - it is lawful/permitted", "*mastizein*": "present active infinitive - to scourge/whip" }, "variants": { "*proeteinan*": "stretched out/tied up/secured", "*himasin*": "thongs/straps/leather cords", "*hestōta*": "standing by/standing near/who was there", "*hekatontarchon*": "centurion/captain of hundred", "*anthrōpon Rhōmaion*": "Roman citizen/Roman man", "*akatakriton*": "uncondemned/untried/without trial", "*exestin*": "is lawful/is permitted/is allowed", "*mastizein*": "to scourge/to whip/to flog" } }
  • 2 Cor 11:24 : 24 { "verseID": "2 Corinthians.11.24", "source": "Ὑπὸ Ἰουδαίων πεντάκις τεσσαράκοντα παρὰ μίαν ἔλαβον.", "text": "By *Ioudaiōn* five times forty except one I *elabon*.", "grammar": { "*Ioudaiōn*": "genitive, masculine, plural - of Jews", "*elabon*": "aorist active indicative, 1st singular - received/took" }, "variants": { "*Ioudaiōn*": "Jews/Jewish authorities", "*elabon*": "received/took/got (referring to lashes/stripes)" } }
  • Heb 11:36 : 36 { "verseID": "Hebrews.11.36", "source": "Ἕτεροι δὲ ἐμπαιγμῶν καὶ μαστίγων πεῖραν ἔλαβον, ἔτι δὲ, δεσμῶν καὶ φυλακῆς:", "text": "*Heteroi* *de* of *empaigmōn* and *mastigōn* *peiran* *elabon*, *eti* *de*, of *desmōn* and *phylakēs*:", "grammar": { "*Heteroi*": "nominative, masculine, plural - others", "*de*": "postpositive particle - but/and", "*empaigmōn*": "genitive, masculine, plural - of mockings", "*mastigōn*": "genitive, feminine, plural - of scourgings", "*peiran*": "accusative, feminine, singular - trial/experience", "*elabon*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd plural - took/received", "*eti*": "adverb - moreover/further", "*desmōn*": "genitive, masculine, plural - of bonds/imprisonment", "*phylakēs*": "genitive, feminine, singular - of prison" }, "variants": { "*Heteroi*": "others/different ones", "*empaigmōn*": "mockings/ridicule/insults", "*mastigōn*": "scourgings/whippings/beatings", "*peiran*": "trial/experience/test", "*elabon*": "took/received/experienced", "*desmōn*": "bonds/imprisonment/fetters", "*phylakēs*": "prison/custody/guard" } }
  • 1 Pet 2:24 : 24 { "verseID": "1 Peter.2.24", "source": "Ὃς τὰς ἁμαρτίας ἡμῶν αὐτὸς ἀνήνεγκεν ἐν τῷ σώματι αὐτοῦ ἐπὶ τὸ ξύλον, ἵνα ταῖς ἁμαρτίαις ἀπογενόμενοι, τῇ δικαιοσύνῃ ζήσωμεν: οὗ τῷ μώλωπι αὐτοῦ ἰάθητε.", "text": "*Hos tas hamartias hēmōn autos anēnegken en tō sōmati autou epi to xylon*, *hina tais hamartiais apogenomenoi*, *tē dikaiosynē zēsōmen*: *hou tō mōlōpi autou iathēte*.", "grammar": { "*Hos*": "relative pronoun, masculine singular nominative - who", "*tas hamartias*": "noun with article, feminine plural accusative - the sins", "*hēmōn*": "pronoun, 1st person plural genitive - of us/our", "*autos*": "intensive pronoun, masculine singular nominative - himself", "*anēnegken*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person singular - bore/carried up", "*en*": "preposition + dative - in", "*tō sōmati*": "noun with article, neuter singular dative - the body", "*autou*": "pronoun, masculine singular genitive - of him/his", "*epi*": "preposition + accusative - on/upon", "*to xylon*": "noun with article, neuter singular accusative - the tree/wood", "*hina*": "conjunction - so that/in order that", "*tais hamartiais*": "noun with article, feminine plural dative - to sins", "*apogenomenoi*": "aorist middle participle, masculine plural nominative - having died to/having ceased from", "*tē dikaiosynē*": "noun with article, feminine singular dative - to righteousness", "*zēsōmen*": "aorist active subjunctive, 1st person plural - we might live", "*hou*": "relative pronoun, masculine singular genitive - of whom", "*tō mōlōpi*": "noun with article, masculine singular dative - by the wound/bruise", "*autou*": "pronoun, masculine singular genitive - of him/his", "*iathēte*": "aorist passive indicative, 2nd person plural - you were healed" }, "variants": { "*anēnegken*": "bore/carried up/offered up", "*sōmati*": "body/physical form", "*xylon*": "tree/wood/cross", "*apogenomenoi*": "having died to/having ceased from/being removed from", "*dikaiosynē*": "righteousness/justice", "*zēsōmen*": "we might live/might be alive", "*mōlōpi*": "wound/bruise/welt/stripe", "*iathēte*": "were healed/were cured" } }
  • Ps 129:3 : 3 { "verseID": "Psalms.129.3", "source": "עַל־גַּ֭בִּי חָרְשׁ֣וּ חֹרְשִׁ֑ים הֶ֝אֱרִ֗יכוּ לְמַעֲנִיתָֽם׃", "text": "Upon *gabbî* *ḥārəšû* *ḥōrəšîm* *heʾĕrîḵû* *ləmaʿănîtām*", "grammar": { "*gabbî*": "noun, masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix - my back", "*ḥārəšû*": "verb, Qal perfect, 3rd person plural - they plowed", "*ḥōrəšîm*": "participle, Qal masculine plural - plowers/plowmen", "*heʾĕrîḵû*": "verb, Hiphil perfect, 3rd person plural - they made long/extended", "*ləmaʿănîtām*": "noun, feminine plural with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their furrows/plowing" }, "variants": { "*ḥārəšû*": "plowed/engraved/cut", "*ḥōrəšîm*": "plowers/plowmen/engravers", "*heʾĕrîḵû*": "made long/extended/prolonged", "*ləmaʿănîtām*": "their furrows/their plowing/their cutting" } }
  • Matt 23:34 : 34 { "verseID": "Matthew.23.34", "source": "¶Διὰ τοῦτο, ἰδού, ἐγὼ ἀποστέλλω πρὸς ὑμᾶς προφήτας, καὶ σοφοὺς, καὶ γραμματεῖς: καὶ ἐξ αὐτῶν ἀποκτενεῖτε καὶ σταυρώσετε· καὶ ἐξ αὐτῶν μαστιγώσετε ἐν ταῖς συναγωγαῖς ὑμῶν, καὶ διώξετε ἀπὸ πόλεως εἰς πόλιν:", "text": "Because-of this, *idou*, I *apostellō* *pros* you *prophētas*, and *sophous*, and *grammateis*: and from them *apokteneite* and *staurōsete*; and from them *mastigōsete* in the *synagōgais* of-you, and *diōxete* from *poleōs* to *polin*:", "grammar": { "*Dia touto*": "prepositional phrase - because of this/therefore", "*idou*": "interjection - behold/look", "*egō*": "nominative, singular - I (emphatic, subject)", "*apostellō*": "present, active, indicative, 1st person singular - I send", "*pros*": "preposition with accusative - to/toward", "*hymas*": "accusative, plural - you (direct object)", "*prophētas*": "accusative, masculine, plural - prophets", "*sophous*": "accusative, masculine, plural - wise ones", "*grammateis*": "accusative, masculine, plural - scribes", "*ex autōn*": "partitive genitive - some of them", "*apokteneite*": "future, active, indicative, 2nd person plural - you will kill", "*staurōsete*": "future, active, indicative, 2nd person plural - you will crucify", "*mastigōsete*": "future, active, indicative, 2nd person plural - you will flog/whip", "*synagōgais*": "dative, feminine, plural - in synagogues", "*hymōn*": "genitive, plural - of you", "*diōxete*": "future, active, indicative, 2nd person plural - you will persecute", "*apo*": "preposition with genitive - from", "*poleōs*": "genitive, feminine, singular - city", "*eis*": "preposition with accusative - to/into", "*polin*": "accusative, feminine, singular - city" }, "variants": { "*idou*": "behold/look/see", "*apostellō*": "send/send out/commission", "*prophētas*": "prophets/those who speak for God", "*sophous*": "wise ones/sages/scholars", "*grammateis*": "scribes/scholars/teachers of law", "*apokteneite*": "will kill/put to death", "*staurōsete*": "will crucify/execute on cross", "*mastigōsete*": "will flog/whip/scourge", "*synagōgais*": "synagogues/assemblies/meeting places", "*diōxete*": "will persecute/pursue/chase", "*poleōs*": "city/town", "*polin*": "city/town" } }
  • Matt 27:26-31 : 26 { "verseID": "Matthew.27.26", "source": "¶Τότε ἀπέλυσεν αὐτοῖς τὸν Βαραββᾶν: τὸν δὲ Ἰησοῦν φραγελλώσας, παρέδωκεν ἵνα σταυρωθῇ.", "text": "Then *apelysen* to them the *Barabbas*: but the *Iēsoun* having *phragellōsas*, *paredōken* that he might be *staurōthē*.", "grammar": { "*apelysen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd singular - released/set free", "*Barabbas*": "accusative, masculine, singular - proper name", "*Iēsoun*": "accusative, masculine, singular - proper name Jesus", "*phragellōsas*": "aorist active participle, nominative, masculine, singular - having scourged/flogged", "*paredōken*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd singular - delivered/handed over", "*staurōthē*": "aorist passive subjunctive, 3rd singular - might be crucified" }, "variants": { "*apelysen*": "released/set free/dismissed", "*phragellōsas*": "having scourged/flogged/whipped [Latin loanword in Greek]", "*paredōken*": "delivered/handed over/surrendered", "*staurōthē*": "might be crucified/executed on stake" } } 27 { "verseID": "Matthew.27.27", "source": "Τότε οἱ στρατιῶται τοῦ ἡγεμόνος παραλαβόντες τὸν Ἰησοῦν εἰς τὸ πραιτώριον, συνήγαγον ἐπʼ αὐτὸν ὅλην τὴν σπεῖραν.", "text": "Then the *stratiōtai* of the *hēgemonos* *paralabontes* the *Iēsoun* into the *praitōrion*, *synēgagon* against him whole the *speiran*.", "grammar": { "*stratiōtai*": "nominative, masculine, plural - soldiers", "*hēgemonos*": "genitive, masculine, singular - governor/ruler", "*paralabontes*": "aorist active participle, nominative, masculine, plural - having taken/received", "*Iēsoun*": "accusative, masculine, singular - proper name Jesus", "*praitōrion*": "accusative, neuter, singular - praetorium/governor's headquarters [Latin loanword]", "*synēgagon*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd plural - gathered together/assembled", "*speiran*": "accusative, feminine, singular - cohort/battalion" }, "variants": { "*stratiōtai*": "soldiers/military men", "*hēgemonos*": "governor/ruler/prefect", "*paralabontes*": "having taken/received/taken with them", "*praitōrion*": "praetorium/governor's headquarters/palace", "*synēgagon*": "gathered together/assembled/brought together", "*speiran*": "cohort/battalion [Roman military unit of about 600 men]" } } 28 { "verseID": "Matthew.27.28", "source": "Καὶ ἐκδύσαντες αὐτὸν, περιέθηκαν αὐτῷ χλαμύδα κοκκίνην.", "text": "And *ekdysantes* him, *periethēkan* on him *chlamyda kokkinen*.", "grammar": { "*ekdysantes*": "aorist active participle, nominative, masculine, plural - having stripped/undressed", "*periethēkan*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd plural - put around/clothed", "*chlamyda*": "accusative, feminine, singular - military cloak/robe", "*kokkinen*": "accusative, feminine, singular - scarlet/crimson" }, "variants": { "*ekdysantes*": "having stripped/undressed/taken off clothes", "*periethēkan*": "put around/clothed/dressed/placed on", "*chlamyda*": "military cloak/robe/mantle [often worn by officers]", "*kokkinen*": "scarlet/crimson/red [color associated with royalty]" } } 29 { "verseID": "Matthew.27.29", "source": "¶Καὶ πλέξαντες στέφανον ἐξ ἀκανθῶν, ἐπέθηκαν ἐπὶ τὴν κεφαλὴν αὐτοῦ, καὶ κάλαμον ἐπὶ τὴν δεξιὰν αὐτοῦ: καὶ γονυπετήσαντες ἔμπροσθεν αὐτοῦ, ἐνέπαιζον αὐτῷ, λέγοντες, Χαῖρε, ὁ Βασιλεὺς τῶν Ἰουδαίων!", "text": "And *plexantes* *stephanon* from *akanthōn*, *epethēkan* upon the *kephalēn* of him, and *kalamon* upon the *dexian* of him: and *gonypetēsantes* *emprosthen* of him, *enepaizon* him, *legontes*, *Chaire*, the *Basileus* of the *Ioudaiōn*!", "grammar": { "*plexantes*": "aorist active participle, nominative, masculine, plural - having woven/plaited", "*stephanon*": "accusative, masculine, singular - crown/wreath", "*akanthōn*": "genitive, feminine, plural - thorns/thistles", "*epethēkan*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd plural - placed/put upon", "*kephalēn*": "accusative, feminine, singular - head", "*kalamon*": "accusative, masculine, singular - reed/staff", "*dexian*": "accusative, feminine, singular - right hand", "*gonypetēsantes*": "aorist active participle, nominative, masculine, plural - having knelt down", "*emprosthen*": "adverb/preposition - in front of/before", "*enepaizon*": "imperfect active indicative, 3rd plural - were mocking/ridiculing", "*legontes*": "present active participle, nominative, masculine, plural - saying", "*Chaire*": "present active imperative, 2nd singular - hail/rejoice/greetings", "*Basileus*": "nominative, masculine, singular - king", "*Ioudaiōn*": "genitive, masculine, plural - Jews/Judeans" }, "variants": { "*plexantes*": "having woven/plaited/twisted together", "*stephanon*": "crown/wreath/garland", "*akanthōn*": "thorns/thistles/brambles", "*kalamon*": "reed/staff/rod [as mock scepter]", "*gonypetēsantes*": "having knelt down/bowed the knee [in mock homage]", "*enepaizon*": "were mocking/ridiculing/making fun of [continuous action]", "*Chaire*": "hail/rejoice/greetings [formal imperial greeting]", "*Basileus*": "king/monarch/sovereign", "*Ioudaiōn*": "Jews/Judeans/people of Judea" } } 30 { "verseID": "Matthew.27.30", "source": "Καὶ ἐμπτύσαντες εἰς αὐτὸν, ἔλαβον τὸν κάλαμον, καὶ ἔτυπτον εἰς τὴν κεφαλὴν αὐτοῦ.", "text": "And *emptysantes* into him, *elabon* the *kalamon*, and *etypton* into the *kephalēn* of him.", "grammar": { "*emptysantes*": "aorist active participle, nominative, masculine, plural - having spat", "*elabon*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd plural - took/received", "*kalamon*": "accusative, masculine, singular - reed/staff", "*etypton*": "imperfect active indicative, 3rd plural - were striking/beating", "*kephalēn*": "accusative, feminine, singular - head" }, "variants": { "*emptysantes*": "having spat/spitting", "*elabon*": "took/received/seized", "*etypton*": "were striking/beating/hitting [repeated action]" } } 31 { "verseID": "Matthew.27.31", "source": "Καὶ ὅτε ἐνέπαιξαν αὐτῷ, ἐξέδυσαν αὐτὸν τὴν χλαμύδα, καὶ ἐνέδυσαν αὐτὸν τὰ ἱμάτια αὐτοῦ, καὶ ἀπήγαγον αὐτὸν εἰς τὸ σταυρῶσαι.", "text": "And when *enepaixan* him, *exedysan* him the *chlamyda*, and *enedysan* him the *himatia* of him, and *apēgagon* him to the *staurōsai*.", "grammar": { "*enepaixan*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd plural - mocked/ridiculed", "*exedysan*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd plural - stripped off/removed", "*chlamyda*": "accusative, feminine, singular - military cloak/robe", "*enedysan*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd plural - clothed/dressed", "*himatia*": "accusative, neuter, plural - garments/clothes", "*apēgagon*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd plural - led away", "*staurōsai*": "aorist active infinitive - to crucify" }, "variants": { "*enepaixan*": "mocked/ridiculed/made fun of [completed action]", "*exedysan*": "stripped off/removed/took off", "*enedysan*": "clothed/dressed/put on", "*himatia*": "garments/clothes/outer garments", "*apēgagon*": "led away/took away/brought away", "*staurōsai*": "to crucify/execute on stake" } }
  • Mark 10:33-34 : 33 { "verseID": "Mark.10.33", "source": "Ὅτι Ἰδού, ἀναβαίνομεν εἰς Ἱεροσόλυμα· καὶ ὁ Υἱὸς τοῦ ἀνθρώπου παραδοθήσεται τοῖς ἀρχιερεῦσιν, καὶ τοῖς γραμματεῦσιν· καὶ κατακρινοῦσιν αὐτὸν θανάτῳ, καὶ παραδώσουσιν αὐτὸν τοῖς Ἔθνεσιν:", "text": "That *Idou*, we *anabainomen* into *Hierosolyma*; and the *Huios* of the *anthrōpou paradothēsetai* to the *archiereusin*, and to the *grammateusin*; and they *katakrinousin* him to *thanatō*, and they *paradōsousin* him to the *Ethnesin*:", "grammar": { "*Idou*": "aorist middle imperative - behold/look", "*anabainomen*": "present active, 1st plural - we are going up", "*Hierosolyma*": "accusative, neuter, plural - Jerusalem", "*Huios*": "nominative, masculine, singular - Son", "*anthrōpou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - of man", "*paradothēsetai*": "future passive, 3rd singular - will be delivered/handed over", "*archiereusin*": "dative, masculine, plural - to chief priests", "*grammateusin*": "dative, masculine, plural - to scribes", "*katakrinousin*": "future active, 3rd plural - they will condemn", "*thanatō*": "dative, masculine, singular - to death", "*paradōsousin*": "future active, 3rd plural - they will deliver/hand over", "*Ethnesin*": "dative, neuter, plural - to Gentiles/nations" }, "variants": { "*Idou*": "behold/look/see", "*anabainomen*": "we are going up/ascending", "*Hierosolyma*": "Jerusalem (Greek form)", "*Huios*": "Son/descendant", "*anthrōpou*": "of man/human/mankind", "*paradothēsetai*": "will be delivered/handed over/betrayed", "*archiereusin*": "to chief priests/high priests", "*grammateusin*": "to scribes/scholars/teachers of law", "*katakrinousin*": "they will condemn/sentence/judge against", "*thanatō*": "to death/by death", "*paradōsousin*": "they will deliver/hand over/betray", "*Ethnesin*": "to Gentiles/nations/foreigners" } } 34 { "verseID": "Mark.10.34", "source": "Καὶ ἐμπαίξουσιν αὐτῷ, καὶ μαστιγώσουσιν αὐτὸν, καὶ ἐμπτύσουσιν αὐτῷ, καὶ ἀποκτενοῦσιν αὐτόν: καὶ τῇ τρίτῃ ἡμέρᾳ ἀναστήσεται.", "text": "And they *empaixousin* him, and they *mastigōsousin* him, and they *emptysousi* him, and they *apoktenousin* him: and on the third *hēmera anastēsetai*.", "grammar": { "*empaixousin*": "future active, 3rd plural - they will mock", "*mastigōsousin*": "future active, 3rd plural - they will scourge", "*emptysousi*": "future active, 3rd plural - they will spit on", "*apoktenousin*": "future active, 3rd plural - they will kill", "*hēmera*": "dative, feminine, singular - day", "*anastēsetai*": "future middle, 3rd singular - he will rise" }, "variants": { "*empaixousin*": "they will mock/ridicule/make fun of", "*mastigōsousin*": "they will scourge/whip/flog", "*emptysousi*": "they will spit on/spit at", "*apoktenousin*": "they will kill/put to death", "*hēmera*": "day/24-hour period", "*anastēsetai*": "he will rise/stand up/be raised" } }
  • Mark 15:15-20 : 15 { "verseID": "Mark.15.15", "source": "¶Ὁ δὲ Πιλάτος, βουλόμενος τῷ ὄχλῳ τὸ ἱκανὸν ποιῆσαι, ἀπέλυσεν αὐτοῖς τὸν Βαραββᾶν, καὶ παρέδωκεν τὸν Ἰησοῦν, φραγελλώσας, ἵνα σταυρωθῇ.", "text": "The *de* *Pilatos*, *boulomenos* to-the *ochlō* the *hikanon* *poiēsai*, *apelysen* to-them the *Barabban*, and *paredōken* the *Iēsoun*, *phragellōsas*, that he-*staurōthē*.", "grammar": { "*de*": "conjunction - but/and", "*Pilatos*": "noun, nominative, masculine, singular - Pilate", "*boulomenos*": "participle, present, middle, nominative, masculine, singular - willing/desiring", "*ochlō*": "noun, dative, masculine, singular - to the crowd", "*hikanon*": "adjective, accusative, neuter, singular - satisfactory/sufficient", "*poiēsai*": "verb, aorist, active, infinitive - to do/make", "*apelysen*": "verb, aorist, active, indicative, 3rd, singular - released", "*Barabban*": "noun, accusative, masculine, singular - Barabbas", "*paredōken*": "verb, aorist, active, indicative, 3rd, singular - delivered over/handed over", "*Iēsoun*": "noun, accusative, masculine, singular - Jesus", "*phragellōsas*": "participle, aorist, active, nominative, masculine, singular - having scourged/flogged", "*staurōthē*": "verb, aorist, passive, subjunctive, 3rd, singular - he might be crucified" }, "variants": { "*boulomenos*": "willing/desiring/wishing", "*hikanon*": "satisfactory/sufficient/enough", "*poiēsai*": "to do/to make/to content", "*apelysen*": "released/freed/let go", "*paredōken*": "delivered over/handed over/gave up", "*phragellōsas*": "having scourged/having flogged/having whipped", "*staurōthē*": "might be crucified/be nailed to a cross" } } 16 { "verseID": "Mark.15.16", "source": "Οἱ δὲ στρατιῶται ἀπήγαγον αὐτὸν ἔσω τῆς αὐλῆς, ὅ ἐστιν Πραιτώριον· καὶ συγκαλοῦσιν ὅλην τὴν σπεῖραν.", "text": "The *de* *stratiōtai* *apēgagon* him inside the *aulēs*, which *estin* *Praitōrion*; and they-*synkalousin* whole the *speiran*.", "grammar": { "*de*": "conjunction - but/and", "*stratiōtai*": "noun, nominative, masculine, plural - soldiers", "*apēgagon*": "verb, aorist, active, indicative, 3rd, plural - led away", "*aulēs*": "noun, genitive, feminine, singular - courtyard/palace", "*estin*": "verb, present, active, indicative, 3rd, singular - is", "*Praitōrion*": "noun, nominative, neuter, singular - Praetorium/governor's headquarters", "*synkalousin*": "verb, present, active, indicative, 3rd, plural - they call together/summon", "*speiran*": "noun, accusative, feminine, singular - cohort/battalion" }, "variants": { "*stratiōtai*": "soldiers/troops", "*apēgagon*": "led away/took away", "*aulēs*": "courtyard/palace/hall", "*Praitōrion*": "Praetorium/governor's headquarters/palace", "*synkalousin*": "call together/summon/gather", "*speiran*": "cohort/battalion/company (300-600 men)" } } 17 { "verseID": "Mark.15.17", "source": "Καὶ ἐνδύουσιν αὐτὸν πορφύραν, καὶ περιτιθέασιν αὐτῷ πλέξαντες ἀκάνθινον στέφανον,", "text": "And they-*endyousin* him *porphyran*, and they-*perititheasin* on-him *plexantes* *akanthinon* *stephanon*,", "grammar": { "*endyousin*": "verb, present, active, indicative, 3rd, plural - they clothe/dress", "*porphyran*": "noun, accusative, feminine, singular - purple garment/robe", "*perititheasin*": "verb, present, active, indicative, 3rd, plural - they place around/put on", "*plexantes*": "participle, aorist, active, nominative, masculine, plural - having plaited/woven", "*akanthinon*": "adjective, accusative, masculine, singular - thorny/of thorns", "*stephanon*": "noun, accusative, masculine, singular - crown/wreath" }, "variants": { "*endyousin*": "clothe/dress/put on", "*porphyran*": "purple garment/robe/cloak (royal color)", "*perititheasin*": "place around/put on/set on", "*plexantes*": "having plaited/having woven/having twisted together", "*akanthinon*": "thorny/of thorns/made of thorns", "*stephanon*": "crown/wreath/garland" } } 18 { "verseID": "Mark.15.18", "source": "Καὶ ἤρξαντο ἀσπάζεσθαι αὐτόν, Χαῖρε, Βασιλεῦ τῶν Ἰουδαίων!", "text": "And they-*ērxanto* *aspazesthai* him, *Chaire*, *Basileu* of-the *Ioudaiōn*!", "grammar": { "*ērxanto*": "verb, aorist, middle, indicative, 3rd, plural - they began", "*aspazesthai*": "verb, present, middle, infinitive - to greet/salute", "*Chaire*": "verb, present, active, imperative, 2nd, singular - hail/rejoice/greetings", "*Basileu*": "noun, vocative, masculine, singular - King", "*Ioudaiōn*": "noun, genitive, masculine, plural - of Jews" }, "variants": { "*ērxanto*": "began/started", "*aspazesthai*": "to greet/to salute/to pay homage to", "*Chaire*": "hail/rejoice/greetings (formal Roman salutation)" } } 19 { "verseID": "Mark.15.19", "source": "Καὶ ἔτυπτον αὐτοῦ τὴν κεφαλὴν καλάμῳ, καὶ ἐνέπτυον αὐτῷ, καὶ τιθέντες τὰ γόνατα προσεκύνουν αὐτῷ.", "text": "And they-*etypton* of-him the *kephalēn* with-*kalamō*, and they-*eneptyion* on-him, and *tithentes* the *gonata* they-*prosekyoun* to-him.", "grammar": { "*etypton*": "verb, imperfect, active, indicative, 3rd, plural - they were striking/beating", "*kephalēn*": "noun, accusative, feminine, singular - head", "*kalamō*": "noun, dative, masculine, singular - reed/staff", "*eneptyion*": "verb, imperfect, active, indicative, 3rd, plural - they were spitting on", "*tithentes*": "participle, present, active, nominative, masculine, plural - placing/bending", "*gonata*": "noun, accusative, neuter, plural - knees", "*prosekyoun*": "verb, imperfect, active, indicative, 3rd, plural - they were worshiping/kneeling before" }, "variants": { "*etypton*": "were striking/were beating/were hitting", "*kephalēn*": "head", "*kalamō*": "reed/staff/stick", "*eneptyion*": "were spitting on/were spitting at", "*tithentes*": "placing/bending/setting", "*gonata*": "knees", "*prosekyoun*": "were worshiping/were kneeling before/were paying homage (in mockery)" } } 20 { "verseID": "Mark.15.20", "source": "Καὶ ὅτε ἐνέπαιξαν αὐτῷ, ἐξέδυσαν αὐτὸν τὴν πορφύραν, καὶ ἐνέδυσαν αὐτὸν τὰ ἱμάτια τὰ ἴδια, Καὶ ἐξάγουσιν αὐτὸν ἵνα σταυρώσωσιν αὐτόν.", "text": "And when they-*enepaixan* him, they-*exedysan* him the *porphyran*, and they-*enedysan* him the *himatia* the *idia*, And they-*exagousin* him that they-*staurōsōsin* him.", "grammar": { "*enepaixan*": "verb, aorist, active, indicative, 3rd, plural - they mocked", "*exedysan*": "verb, aorist, active, indicative, 3rd, plural - they took off/stripped", "*porphyran*": "noun, accusative, feminine, singular - purple garment", "*enedysan*": "verb, aorist, active, indicative, 3rd, plural - they put on/clothed", "*himatia*": "noun, accusative, neuter, plural - garments/clothes", "*idia*": "adjective, accusative, neuter, plural - own/personal", "*exagousin*": "verb, present, active, indicative, 3rd, plural - they lead out", "*staurōsōsin*": "verb, aorist, active, subjunctive, 3rd, plural - they might crucify" }, "variants": { "*enepaixan*": "mocked/ridiculed/made fun of", "*exedysan*": "took off/stripped/removed", "*porphyran*": "purple garment/purple robe", "*enedysan*": "put on/clothed/dressed", "*himatia*": "garments/clothes/outer garments", "*idia*": "own/personal/belonging to him", "*exagousin*": "lead out/bring out/take out", "*staurōsōsin*": "might crucify/might nail to a cross" } }
  • Luke 18:33 : 33 { "verseID": "Luke.18.33", "source": "Καὶ μαστιγώσαντες, ἀποκτενοῦσιν αὐτόν: καὶ τῇ ἡμέρᾳ τῇ τρίτῃ ἀναστήσεται.", "text": "And *mastigōsantes*, *apoktenousin* him: and on-the *hēmera* the third *anastēsetai*.", "grammar": { "*mastigōsantes*": "aorist active participle, nominative masculine plural - having scourged", "*apoktenousin*": "future active indicative, 3rd person plural - they will kill", "*hēmera*": "dative feminine singular - day", "*anastēsetai*": "future middle indicative, 3rd person singular - will rise up" }, "variants": { "*mastigōsantes*": "having scourged/whipped/flogged", "*apoktenousin*": "they will kill/put to death", "*anastēsetai*": "will rise up/be resurrected" } }