Verse 4

{ "verseID": "Psalms.42.4", "source": "הָֽיְתָה־לִּ֬י דִמְעָתִ֣י לֶ֭חֶם יוֹמָ֣ם וָלָ֑יְלָה בֶּאֱמֹ֥ר אֵלַ֥י כָּל־הַ֝יּ֗וֹם אַיֵּ֥ה אֱלֹהֶֽיךָ׃", "text": "*hāyətâ*-to-me *dimʿātî* *leḥem* *yômām* *wā*-*lāylâ* in-*ʾĕmōr* to-me all-the-*yôm* where *ʾĕlōheykā*", "grammar": { "*hāyətâ*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd person feminine singular - 'has been'", "*dimʿātî*": "noun, feminine singular with 1st person singular possessive suffix - 'my tear/tears'", "*leḥem*": "noun, masculine singular - 'bread/food'", "*yômām*": "adverb - 'by day/daily'", "*wā*": "conjunction with prefixed vav - 'and'", "*lāylâ*": "noun, masculine singular - 'night'", "*ʾĕmōr*": "infinitive construct with prefixed bet - 'in the saying/when it is said'", "*yôm*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - 'the day'", "*ʾĕlōheykā*": "noun, masculine plural with 2nd person masculine singular possessive suffix - 'your God'" }, "variants": { "*hāyətâ*": "has been/became", "*dimʿātî*": "my tear/my tears (collective singular)", "*leḥem*": "bread/food/sustenance", "*ʾĕlōheykā*": "your God/your gods" } }

Other Translations

• GT, oversatt fra Hebraisk

  Mine tårer har vært mitt daglige brød, både dag og natt, mens jeg stadig blir hånet av dem som spør: «Hvor er din Gud?»

• Moderne oversettelse av Bibelen fra 1611 KJV med hebraisk kontekst

  Når jeg minnes dette, utøser jeg min sjel inni meg. For jeg pleide å gå med folkemengden, gikk med dem til Guds hus, med jubelens og lovprisningens røst, en folkemengde som feiret høytid.

• Norsk King James

  Når jeg minnes disse tingene, åpner jeg mitt hjerte: for jeg hadde gått sammen med folkemengden, jeg gikk med dem til Guds hus, med glede og lovprising, med en mengde som feiret høytid.

• Modernisert Norsk Bibel 1866

  Min gråt er blitt min mat dag og natt, mens folk sier til meg hele dagen: 'Hvor er din Gud?'

• Oversettelse av hebraiske Bibeltekster til moderne norsk bokmål

  Mine tårer er blitt min mat dag og natt, mens de stadig sier til meg: «Hvor er din Gud?»

• Bibelen: En Moderne Oversettelse av King James Version 1611

  Når jeg tenker på dette, utøser jeg min sjel i meg; for jeg pleide å vandre med menneskemengden, jeg gikk med dem til Guds hus, med jubel og lovprisning, med en mengde som feiret høytid.

• o3-mini KJV Norsk

  Når jeg husker disse tingene, utgyter jeg min sjel; for jeg var med folkemengden, dro med dem til Guds hus, med jubel og lovsang, sammen med en folkemengde som feiret høytiden.

• En Moderne Oversettelse av King James Version 1611 (mar 2025)

  Når jeg tenker på dette, utøser jeg min sjel i meg; for jeg pleide å vandre med menneskemengden, jeg gikk med dem til Guds hus, med jubel og lovprisning, med en mengde som feiret høytid.

• Lingvistisk bibeloversettelse fra grunntekst

  Mine tårer har vært min mat dag og natt, mens de hele dagen sier til meg: 'Hvor er din Gud?'

• Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts

  My tears have been my food day and night, while they say to me all day long, 'Where is your God?'

• GT, oversatt fra hebraisk Aug2024

  Mine tårer er blitt min mat dag og natt, mens de stadig sier til meg: 'Hvor er din Gud?'

• Original Norsk Bibel 1866

  Min Graad er min Mad Dag og Nat, fordi man siger den ganske Dag til mig: Hvor er din Gud?

• King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)

  When I remember these things, I pour out my soul in me: for I had gone with the multitude, I went with them to the house of God, with the voice of joy and praise, with a multitude that kept holyday.

• KJV 1769 norsk

  Når jeg husker dette, utøser jeg min sjel i meg: For jeg pleide å gå med folkemengden, jeg gikk med dem til Guds hus, med jubel og lovsang, med en folkemengde som feiret høytid.

• KJV1611 - Moderne engelsk

  When I remember these things, I pour out my soul within me: for I had gone with the multitude, I went with them to the house of God, with the voice of joy and praise, with a multitude that kept a feast.

• King James Version 1611 (Original)

  When I remember these things, I pour out my soul in me: for I had gone with the multitude, I went with them to the house of God, with the voice of joy and praise, with a multitude that kept holyday.

• Norsk oversettelse av Webster

  Disse tingene husker jeg, og utøser min sjel i meg selv, hvordan jeg pleide å gå med flokken og lede dem til Guds hus, med jubel og lovsang, en mengde som holdt høytid.

• Norsk oversettelse av Youngs Literal Translation

  Dette minnes jeg, og jeg utøser min sjel i meg, for jeg gikk inn i folkemengden, jeg gikk sakte med dem til Guds hus, med jubelrop og takk, en stor festskare.

• Norsk oversettelse av ASV1901

  Dette minnes jeg når jeg utøser min sjel: hvordan jeg gikk i toget og førte folket til Guds hus med jubel og lovsang, en folkemengde som feiret høytid.

• Norsk oversettelse av BBE

  Min sjel fylles av sorg når jeg minnes dette, hvordan jeg gikk med mengden til Guds hus, med glede og lovsang, blant dem som feiret høytiden.

• Coverdale Bible (1535)

  Why art thou so full of heuynes (o my soule) & why art thou so vnquiete within me?

• Geneva Bible (1560)

  When I remembred these things, I powred out my very heart, because I had gone with the multitude, and ledde them into the House of God with the voyce of singing, and prayse, as a multitude that keepeth a feast.

• Bishops' Bible (1568)

  And I powred out of me my very heart, remembryng this howe that before tyme I haue passed with a great number, bringyng the vnto the house of the Lord: with a voyce of ioy & prayse, & with a company that kept holy day.

• Authorized King James Version (1611)

  When I remember these [things], I pour out my soul in me: for I had gone with the multitude, I went with them to the house of God, with the voice of joy and praise, with a multitude that kept holyday.

• Webster's Bible (1833)

  These things I remember, and pour out my soul within me, How I used to go with the crowd, and led them to the house of God, With the voice of joy and praise, a multitude keeping a holy day.

• Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

  These I remember, and pour out my soul in me, For I pass over into the booth, I go softly with them unto the house of God, With the voice of singing and confession, The multitude keeping feast!

• American Standard Version (1901)

  These things I remember, and pour out my soul within me, How I went with the throng, and led them to the house of God, With the voice of joy and praise, a multitude keeping holyday.

• Bible in Basic English (1941)

  Let my soul be overflowing with grief when these things come back to my mind, how I went in company to the house of God, with the voice of joy and praise, with the song of those who were keeping the feast.

• World English Bible (2000)

  These things I remember, and pour out my soul within me, how I used to go with the crowd, and led them to the house of God, with the voice of joy and praise, a multitude keeping a holy day.

• NET Bible® (New English Translation)

  I will remember and weep! For I was once walking along with the great throng to the temple of God, shouting and giving thanks along with the crowd as we celebrated the holy festival.

Referenced Verses

• Isa 30:29 : 29 { "verseID": "Isaiah.30.29", "source": "הַשִּׁיר יִהְיֶה לָכֶם כְּלֵיל הִתְקַדֶּשׁ־חָג וְשִׂמְחַת לֵבָב כַּהוֹלֵךְ בֶּחָלִיל לָבוֹא בְהַר־יְהוָה אֶל־צוּר יִשְׂרָאֵל׃", "text": "The *haššîr* shall *yihyeh* for you as in [the] night when [the] *ḥāg* is *hitqaddeš*, and *śimḥat* *lēbāb* as when one *hahôlēḵ* with [the] *ḥālîl* to *lābôʾ* to [the] mountain of *Yhwh*, to [the] *ṣûr* of *Yiśrāʾēl*.", "grammar": { "*haššîr*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - the song", "*yihyeh*": "qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - it will be", "*ḥāg*": "masculine singular noun - feast/festival", "*hitqaddeš*": "hithpael infinitive construct - to sanctify oneself", "*śimḥat*": "feminine singular construct - joy/gladness of", "*lēbāb*": "masculine singular noun - heart/mind", "*hahôlēḵ*": "qal participle masculine singular with definite article - the one going", "*ḥālîl*": "masculine singular noun - flute/pipe", "*lābôʾ*": "qal infinitive construct - to come/go", "*Yhwh*": "divine name - LORD/Yahweh", "*ṣûr*": "masculine singular construct - rock of", "*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel" }, "variants": { "*haššîr*": "the song/singing", "*yihyeh*": "will be/become/happen", "*ḥāg*": "feast/festival/pilgrimage festival", "*hitqaddeš*": "to sanctify oneself/become holy/consecrated", "*śimḥat*": "joy/gladness/rejoicing of", "*lēbāb*": "heart/mind/inner person", "*hahôlēḵ*": "the one going/walking/proceeding", "*ḥālîl*": "flute/pipe (musical instrument)", "*lābôʾ*": "to come/go/enter", "*ṣûr*": "rock/cliff/stronghold of", "*Yiśrāʾēl*": "Israel (proper name)" } }
• Ps 62:8 : 8 { "verseID": "Psalms.62.8", "source": "עַל־אֱ֭לֹהִים יִשְׁעִ֣י וּכְבוֹדִ֑י צוּר־עֻזִּ֥י מַ֝חְסִ֗י בֵּֽאלֹהִֽים׃", "text": "Upon *ʾĕlōhîm* my *yishʿî* and my *kĕbôdî*; *ṣûr* of my *ʿuzzî*, my *maḥsî* in *ʾĕlōhîm*", "grammar": { "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "masculine plural noun with preposition 'upon/on' - God", "*yishʿî*": "masculine singular noun with 1st person singular suffix - my salvation", "*kĕbôdî*": "masculine singular noun with 1st person singular suffix, with conjunctive waw - my glory/honor", "*ṣûr*": "masculine singular construct noun - rock of", "*ʿuzzî*": "masculine singular noun with 1st person singular suffix - my strength", "*maḥsî*": "masculine singular noun with 1st person singular suffix - my refuge", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "masculine plural noun with prefixed preposition 'in' - God" }, "variants": { "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "God/gods (plural form used for singular deity)", "*yishʿî*": "my salvation/deliverance/help", "*kĕbôdî*": "my glory/honor/splendor/dignity", "*ṣûr*": "rock/strength/boulder", "*ʿuzzî*": "my strength/might/power", "*maḥsî*": "my refuge/shelter/protection" } }
• Ps 122:1 : 1 { "verseID": "Psalms.122.1", "source": "שִׁ֥יר הַֽמַּעֲל֗וֹת לְדָ֫וִ֥ד שָׂ֭מַחְתִּי בְּאֹמְרִ֣ים לִ֑י בֵּ֖ית יְהוָ֣ה נֵלֵֽךְ׃", "text": "*Shir ha-ma'alot* for *David*: I *samachti* in [those] *omerim* to me, \"[to the] *bet YHWH* we will *nelech*.\"", "grammar": { "*Shir*": "construct noun, masculine singular - song of", "*ha-ma'alot*": "definite article + noun, feminine plural - the ascents/steps", "*David*": "proper noun with prefixed preposition lamed - for/belonging to David", "*samachti*": "qal perfect, 1st person singular - I rejoiced/was glad", "*omerim*": "qal participle, masculine plural - saying/those who say", "*bet YHWH*": "construct noun + divine name - house of YHWH", "*nelech*": "qal imperfect, 1st person plural - we will go/let us go" }, "variants": { "*ma'alot*": "ascents/steps/pilgrimages/degrees", "*samachti*": "rejoiced/was glad/delighted", "*YHWH*": "divine name, traditionally not pronounced - LORD" } }
• Ps 81:1-3 : 1 { "verseID": "Psalms.81.1", "source": "לַמְנַצֵּ֬חַ ׀ עַֽל־הַגִּתִּ֬ית לְאָסָֽף׃", "text": "To the *mənaṣṣēaḥ* upon the *gittît* of *ʾāsāp̄*", "grammar": { "*mənaṣṣēaḥ*": "participle with prefixed preposition lamed - 'to/for the director/chief musician'", "*gittît*": "feminine noun with definite article - 'the Gittith' (possibly a musical instrument or style from Gath)", "*ʾāsāp̄*": "proper name with prefixed preposition lamed - 'belonging to/of Asaph'" }, "variants": { "*mənaṣṣēaḥ*": "director/chief musician/choir master/overseer", "*gittît*": "Gittite instrument/wine press/musical style from Gath", "*ʾāsāp̄*": "Asaph (proper name, either the author or dedicate)" } } 2 { "verseID": "Psalms.81.2", "source": "הַ֭רְנִינוּ לֵאלֹהִ֣ים עוּזֵּ֑נוּ הָ֝רִ֗יעוּ לֵאלֹהֵ֥י יַעֲקֹֽב׃", "text": "*harnînû* to *ʾĕlōhîm* our *ʿuzzēnû*, *hārîʿû* to *ʾĕlōhê* *yaʿăqōb*", "grammar": { "*harnînû*": "hiphil imperative plural - 'sing/shout joyfully'", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "masculine plural noun with prefixed preposition lamed - 'to God'", "*ʿuzzēnû*": "masculine singular noun with 1st person plural possessive suffix - 'our strength'", "*hārîʿû*": "hiphil imperative plural - 'shout/make a joyful noise'", "*ʾĕlōhê*": "construct form with prefixed preposition lamed - 'to the God of'", "*yaʿăqōb*": "proper name - 'Jacob'" }, "variants": { "*harnînû*": "sing aloud/shout for joy/cry out with joy", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "God/gods/divine being (plural form used for singular deity)", "*ʿuzzēnû*": "our strength/our refuge/our might", "*hārîʿû*": "shout/sound an alarm/make a joyful noise", "*yaʿăqōb*": "Jacob/Israel (as the patriarch or representing the nation)" } } 3 { "verseID": "Psalms.81.3", "source": "שְֽׂאוּ־זִ֭מְרָה וּתְנוּ־תֹ֑ף כִּנּ֖וֹר נָעִ֣ים עִם־נָֽבֶל׃", "text": "*śəʾû*-*zimrâ* *ûtənû*-*tōp̄*, *kinnôr* *nāʿîm* with-*nābel*", "grammar": { "*śəʾû*": "qal imperative plural - 'raise/lift up'", "*zimrâ*": "feminine singular noun - 'psalm/song/melody'", "*ûtənû*": "qal imperative plural with prefixed conjunction waw - 'and give/sound'", "*tōp̄*": "masculine singular noun - 'timbrel/tambourine'", "*kinnôr*": "masculine singular noun - 'lyre/harp'", "*nāʿîm*": "masculine singular adjective - 'pleasant/sweet'", "*nābel*": "masculine singular noun with prefixed preposition 'im - 'with the harp/psaltery'" }, "variants": { "*śəʾû*": "lift up/raise/carry", "*zimrâ*": "psalm/song/melody/music", "*tōp̄*": "timbrel/tambourine/drum", "*kinnôr*": "lyre/harp/stringed instrument", "*nāʿîm*": "pleasant/sweet/delightful", "*nābel*": "harp/lute/psaltery (stringed instrument)" } }
• Ps 100:4 : 4 { "verseID": "Psalms.100.4", "source": "בֹּ֤אוּ שְׁעָרָ֨יו ׀ בְּתוֹדָ֗ה חֲצֵרֹתָ֥יו בִּתְהִלָּ֑ה הֽוֹדוּ־ל֝֗וֹ בָּרֲכ֥וּ שְׁמֽוֹ׃", "text": "*bōʾû* *šəʿārâw* in-*tôdâh*, *ḥăṣērōtâw* in-*təhillâh*; *hôdû*-*lô*, *bārăkû* *šəmô*", "grammar": { "*bōʾû*": "verb, qal imperative, masculine plural - come/enter", "*šəʿārâw*": "noun, masculine plural with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his gates", "*tôdâh*": "noun, feminine singular - thanksgiving/praise", "*ḥăṣērōtâw*": "noun, feminine plural with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his courts", "*təhillâh*": "noun, feminine singular - praise/song of praise", "*hôdû*": "verb, hiphil imperative, masculine plural - give thanks", "*lô*": "preposition with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - to him", "*bārăkû*": "verb, piel imperative, masculine plural - bless", "*šəmô*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his name" }, "variants": { "*bōʾû*": "come/enter/go in", "*šəʿārâw*": "his gates/his entrances", "*tôdâh*": "thanksgiving/praise/thank offering", "*ḥăṣērōtâw*": "his courts/his courtyards/his enclosures", "*təhillâh*": "praise/song of praise/laudation", "*hôdû*": "give thanks/praise/confess", "*bārăkû*": "bless/praise/kneel" } }
• Lam 2:19 : 19 { "verseID": "Lamentations.2.19", "source": "ק֣וּמִי ׀ רֹ֣נִּי *בליל **בַלַּ֗יְלָה לְרֹאשׁ֙ אַשְׁמֻר֔וֹת שִׁפְכִ֤י כַמַּ֙יִם֙ לִבֵּ֔ךְ נֹ֖כַח פְּנֵ֣י אֲדֹנָ֑י שְׂאִ֧י אֵלָ֣יו כַּפַּ֗יִךְ עַל־נֶ֙פֶשׁ֙ עֽוֹלָלַ֔יִךְ הָעֲטוּפִ֥ים בְּרָעָ֖ב בְּרֹ֥אשׁ כָּל־חוּצֽוֹת׃", "text": "*qûmî* *rōnnî* in-*laylâ* to-*rōʾš* *ʾašmurôṯ* *šip̄ḵî* like-*mayim* *libbēḵ* *nōḵaḥ* *pənê* *ʾăḏōnāy* *śəʾî* to-him *kappayiḵ* on-*nep̄eš* *ʿôlālayiḵ* the-*hāʿăṭûp̄îm* in-*rāʿāḇ* in-*rōʾš* all-*ḥûṣôṯ*", "grammar": { "*qûmî*": "qal imperative, feminine singular - arise", "*rōnnî*": "qal imperative, feminine singular - cry out/wail", "*ballaylâ*": "preposition + definite article + noun, masculine singular - in the night", "*lərōʾš*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular construct - at the beginning of", "*ʾašmurôṯ*": "noun, feminine plural - night watches", "*šip̄ḵî*": "qal imperative, feminine singular - pour out", "*kammayim*": "preposition + definite article + noun, masculine plural - like water", "*libbēḵ*": "noun, masculine singular + 2nd feminine singular suffix - your heart", "*nōḵaḥ*": "preposition - in front of", "*pənê*": "noun, common plural construct - face of", "*ʾăḏōnāy*": "noun, masculine singular - Lord", "*śəʾî*": "qal imperative, feminine singular - lift up", "*ʾēlāyw*": "preposition + 3rd masculine singular suffix - to him", "*kappayiḵ*": "noun, feminine dual + 2nd feminine singular suffix - your palms/hands", "*ʿal-nep̄eš*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular construct - for the life of", "*ʿôlālayiḵ*": "noun, masculine plural + 2nd feminine singular suffix - your infants", "*hāʿăṭûp̄îm*": "definite article + qal participle, masculine plural - the faint ones", "*bərāʿāḇ*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular - with hunger", "*bərōʾš*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular construct - at the head of", "*kol-ḥûṣôṯ*": "noun, masculine singular construct + noun, feminine plural - all streets" }, "variants": { "*qûmî*": "arise/stand up/get up", "*rōnnî*": "cry out/wail/sing", "*ʾašmurôṯ*": "watches (divisions of night)/night watches", "*šip̄ḵî*": "pour out/spill/shed", "*libbēḵ*": "heart/mind/inner being", "*nōḵaḥ*": "in front of/opposite/before", "*śəʾî*": "lift up/raise", "*nep̄eš*": "soul/life/self/person", "*hāʿăṭûp̄îm*": "faint/weak/languishing" } }
• Lam 4:1 : 1 { "verseID": "Lamentations.4.1", "source": "אֵיכָה֙ יוּעַ֣ם זָהָ֔ב יִשְׁנֶ֖א הַכֶּ֣תֶם הַטּ֑וֹב תִּשְׁתַּפֵּ֙כְנָה֙ אַבְנֵי־קֹ֔דֶשׁ בְּרֹ֖אשׁ כָּל־חוּצֽוֹת׃", "text": "How *yûʿam* the *zāhāḇ*, *yišneʾ* the *keṯem* the *ṭôḇ*; *tištappēḵnâ* the *ʾaḇnê-qōḏeš* at *rōʾš* all *ḥûṣôṯ*", "grammar": { "*ʾêḵâ*": "interrogative adverb - how", "*yûʿam*": "Hophal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - is dimmed/darkened", "*zāhāḇ*": "masculine singular noun - gold", "*yišneʾ*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - is changed/altered", "*keṯem*": "definite masculine singular noun - pure gold/fine gold", "*ṭôḇ*": "definite masculine singular adjective - good/fine", "*tištappēḵnâ*": "Hithpael imperfect, 3rd feminine plural - are poured out/scattered", "*ʾaḇnê-qōḏeš*": "construct form - stones of holiness/sacred stones", "*rōʾš*": "masculine singular construct - head/top", "*ḥûṣôṯ*": "feminine plural noun - streets/outside places" }, "variants": { "*yûʿam*": "is dimmed/is darkened/has become dull", "*zāhāḇ*": "gold (as precious metal)", "*yišneʾ*": "is changed/is altered/becomes different", "*keṯem*": "fine gold/pure gold/precious gold", "*tištappēḵnâ*": "are poured out/are scattered/are strewn", "*ʾaḇnê-qōḏeš*": "stones of the sanctuary/holy stones/sacred gems" } }
• Luke 16:25 : 25 { "verseID": "Luke.16.25", "source": "Εἶπεν δὲ Ἀβραάμ, Τέκνον, μνήσθητι ὅτι ἀπέλαβες σὺ τὰ ἀγαθά σου ἐν τῇ ζωῇ σου, καὶ Λάζαρος ὁμοίως τὰ κακά: νῦν δὲ ὅδε παρακαλεῖται, σὺ δὲ ὀδυνᾶσαι.", "text": "*Eipen de Abraam*, *Teknon*, *mnēsthēti hoti apelabes* you *ta agatha* of you in the *zōē* of you, and *Lazaros homoiōs ta kaka*: *nyn de hode parakaleitai*, you *de odynasai*.", "grammar": { "*Eipen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd singular - said", "*de*": "postpositive conjunction - but/and/now", "*Teknon*": "vocative singular neuter - child", "*mnēsthēti*": "aorist passive imperative, 2nd singular - remember", "*hoti*": "conjunction - that/because", "*apelabes*": "aorist active indicative, 2nd singular - you received fully", "*ta agatha*": "accusative plural neuter - the good things", "*zōē*": "dative singular feminine - life", "*homoiōs*": "adverb - likewise/similarly", "*ta kaka*": "accusative plural neuter - the bad things/evil things", "*nyn*": "adverb - now", "*hode*": "demonstrative, nominative singular masculine - this one here", "*parakaleitai*": "present passive indicative, 3rd singular - is comforted/consoled", "*odynasai*": "present middle/passive indicative, 2nd singular - you are in pain/suffering" }, "variants": { "*Teknon*": "child/son (term of affection)", "*mnēsthēti*": "remember/recall", "*apelabes*": "you received fully/you received in full/you received back", "*agatha*": "good things/blessings/comforts", "*zōē*": "life/lifetime", "*homoiōs*": "likewise/similarly/in the same way", "*kaka*": "bad things/evil things/hardships", "*parakaleitai*": "is comforted/is consoled/is encouraged", "*odynasai*": "you are in pain/you are suffering/you are tormented" } }
• Deut 16:11 : 11 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.16.11", "source": "וְשָׂמַחְתָּ֞ לִפְנֵ֣י ׀ יְהוָ֣ה אֱלֹהֶ֗יךָ אַתָּ֨ה וּבִנְךָ֣ וּבִתֶּךָ֮ וְעַבְדְּךָ֣ וַאֲמָתֶךָ֒ וְהַלֵּוִי֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר בִּשְׁעָרֶ֔יךָ וְהַגֵּ֛ר וְהַיָּת֥וֹם וְהָאַלְמָנָ֖ה אֲשֶׁ֣ר בְּקִרְבֶּ֑ךָ בַּמָּק֗וֹם אֲשֶׁ֤ר יִבְחַר֙ יְהוָ֣ה אֱלֹהֶ֔יךָ לְשַׁכֵּ֥ן שְׁמ֖וֹ שָֽׁם׃", "text": "*wəśāmaḥtā* *lipnê* *YHWH* *ʾělōheykā* *ʾattâ* *ûbinkā* *ûbittekā* *wəʿabdəkā* *waʾămātekā* *wəhallēwî* *ʾăšer* *bišʿāreykā* *wəhagger* *wəhayyātôm* *wəhāʾalmānâ* *ʾăšer* *bəqirbekā* *bammāqôm* *ʾăšer* *yibḥar* *YHWH* *ʾělōheykā* *ləšakkēn* *šəmô* *šām*", "grammar": { "*wəśāmaḥtā*": "conjunction + qal perfect 2nd masculine singular - and you shall rejoice", "*lipnê*": "preposition + plural construct - before", "*YHWH*": "divine name", "*ʾělōheykā*": "masculine plural noun with 2nd masculine singular suffix - your God", "*ʾattâ*": "2nd masculine singular personal pronoun - you", "*ûbinkā*": "conjunction + masculine singular noun with 2nd masculine singular suffix - and your son", "*ûbittekā*": "conjunction + feminine singular noun with 2nd masculine singular suffix - and your daughter", "*wəʿabdəkā*": "conjunction + masculine singular noun with 2nd masculine singular suffix - and your male servant", "*waʾămātekā*": "conjunction + feminine singular noun with 2nd masculine singular suffix - and your female servant", "*wəhallēwî*": "conjunction + definite article + proper noun - and the Levite", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - who/that", "*bišʿāreykā*": "preposition + masculine plural noun with 2nd masculine singular suffix - in your gates/towns", "*wəhagger*": "conjunction + definite article + masculine singular noun - and the sojourner", "*wəhayyātôm*": "conjunction + definite article + masculine singular noun - and the orphan", "*wəhāʾalmānâ*": "conjunction + definite article + feminine singular noun - and the widow", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - who/that", "*bəqirbekā*": "preposition + masculine singular noun with 2nd masculine singular suffix - in your midst", "*bammāqôm*": "preposition + definite article + masculine singular noun - in the place", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which/that", "*yibḥar*": "qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - he will choose", "*YHWH*": "divine name", "*ʾělōheykā*": "masculine plural noun with 2nd masculine singular suffix - your God", "*ləšakkēn*": "preposition + piel infinitive construct - to cause to dwell", "*šəmô*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his name", "*šām*": "adverb - there" }, "variants": { "*śāmaḥtā*": "rejoice/be glad/be joyful", "*lipnê*": "before/in the presence of", "*šəʿāreykā*": "your gates/towns/settlements", "*ger*": "sojourner/foreigner/resident alien", "*yātôm*": "orphan/fatherless", "*ʾalmānâ*": "widow/bereaved woman", "*qirbek*": "your midst/inside you/among you" } }
• Deut 16:14-15 : 14 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.16.14", "source": "וְשָׂמַחְתָּ֖ בְּחַגֶּ֑ךָ אַתָּ֨ה וּבִנְךָ֤ וּבִתֶּ֙ךָ֙ וְעַבְדְּךָ֣ וַאֲמָתֶ֔ךָ וְהַלֵּוִ֗י וְהַגֵּ֛ר וְהַיָּת֥וֹם וְהָאַלְמָנָ֖ה אֲשֶׁ֥ר בִּשְׁעָרֶֽיךָ׃", "text": "*wəśāmaḥtā* *bəḥaggekā* *ʾattâ* *ûbinkā* *ûbittekā* *wəʿabdəkā* *waʾămātekā* *wəhallēwî* *wəhagger* *wəhayyātôm* *wəhāʾalmānâ* *ʾăšer* *bišʿāreykā*", "grammar": { "*wəśāmaḥtā*": "conjunction + qal perfect 2nd masculine singular - and you shall rejoice", "*bəḥaggekā*": "preposition + masculine singular noun with 2nd masculine singular suffix - in your feast", "*ʾattâ*": "2nd masculine singular personal pronoun - you", "*ûbinkā*": "conjunction + masculine singular noun with 2nd masculine singular suffix - and your son", "*ûbittekā*": "conjunction + feminine singular noun with 2nd masculine singular suffix - and your daughter", "*wəʿabdəkā*": "conjunction + masculine singular noun with 2nd masculine singular suffix - and your male servant", "*waʾămātekā*": "conjunction + feminine singular noun with 2nd masculine singular suffix - and your female servant", "*wəhallēwî*": "conjunction + definite article + proper noun - and the Levite", "*wəhagger*": "conjunction + definite article + masculine singular noun - and the sojourner", "*wəhayyātôm*": "conjunction + definite article + masculine singular noun - and the orphan", "*wəhāʾalmānâ*": "conjunction + definite article + feminine singular noun - and the widow", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - who/that", "*bišʿāreykā*": "preposition + masculine plural noun with 2nd masculine singular suffix - in your gates/towns" }, "variants": { "*śāmaḥtā*": "rejoice/be glad/be joyful", "*ḥag*": "feast/festival/pilgrimage", "*ger*": "sojourner/foreigner/resident alien", "*yātôm*": "orphan/fatherless", "*ʾalmānâ*": "widow/bereaved woman", "*šəʿāreykā*": "your gates/towns/settlements" } } 15 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.16.15", "source": "שִׁבְעַ֣ת יָמִ֗ים תָּחֹג֙ לַיהוָ֣ה אֱלֹהֶ֔יךָ בַּמָּק֖וֹם אֲשֶׁר־יִבְחַ֣ר יְהוָ֑ה כִּ֣י יְבָרֶכְךָ֞ יְהוָ֣ה אֱלֹהֶ֗יךָ בְּכֹ֤ל תְּבוּאָֽתְךָ֙ וּבְכֹל֙ מַעֲשֵׂ֣ה יָדֶ֔יךָ וְהָיִ֖יתָ אַ֥ךְ שָׂמֵֽחַ׃", "text": "*šibʿat* *yāmîm* *tāḥōg* *la-YHWH* *ʾělōheykā* *bammāqôm* *ʾăšer*-*yibḥar* *YHWH* *kî* *yəbārekəkā* *YHWH* *ʾělōheykā* *bəkōl* *təbûʾātəkā* *ûbəkōl* *maʿăśēh* *yādeykā* *wəhāyîtā* *ʾak* *śāmēaḥ*", "grammar": { "*šibʿat*": "feminine construct - seven of", "*yāmîm*": "masculine plural noun - days", "*tāḥōg*": "qal imperfect 2nd masculine singular - you shall celebrate", "*la-YHWH*": "preposition + divine name - to/for YHWH", "*ʾělōheykā*": "masculine plural noun with 2nd masculine singular suffix - your God", "*bammāqôm*": "preposition + definite article + masculine singular noun - in the place", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which/that", "*yibḥar*": "qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - he will choose", "*YHWH*": "divine name", "*kî*": "conjunction - because/for", "*yəbārekəkā*": "piel imperfect 3rd masculine singular with 2nd masculine singular suffix - he will bless you", "*YHWH*": "divine name", "*ʾělōheykā*": "masculine plural noun with 2nd masculine singular suffix - your God", "*bəkōl*": "preposition + construct - in all of", "*təbûʾātəkā*": "feminine singular noun with 2nd masculine singular suffix - your produce", "*ûbəkōl*": "conjunction + preposition + construct - and in all of", "*maʿăśēh*": "masculine singular construct - work of", "*yādeykā*": "feminine dual noun with 2nd masculine singular suffix - your hands", "*wəhāyîtā*": "conjunction + qal perfect 2nd masculine singular - and you shall be", "*ʾak*": "adverb - surely/only", "*śāmēaḥ*": "adjective masculine singular - joyful" }, "variants": { "*tāḥōg*": "celebrate/observe festival/make pilgrimage", "*yəbārekəkā*": "bless you/make you prosper", "*təbûʾâ*": "produce/yield/income", "*maʿăśēh* *yādeykā*": "work of your hands/your labor/your accomplishments", "*ʾak*": "surely/only/indeed", "*śāmēaḥ*": "joyful/glad/happy" } }
• Ruth 1:21 : 21 { "verseID": "Ruth.1.21", "source": "אֲנִי֙ מְלֵאָ֣ה הָלַ֔כְתִּי וְרֵיקָ֖ם הֱשִׁיבַ֣נִי יְהוָ֑ה לָ֣מָּה תִקְרֶ֤אנָה לִי֙ נָעֳמִ֔י וַֽיהוָה֙ עָ֣נָה בִ֔י וְשַׁדַּ֖י הֵ֥רַֽע לִֽי", "text": "I *məlēʾāh* *hālaḵtî* and *rêqām* *hĕšîḇanî* *YHWH*. *lāmmāh* *ṯiqreʾnāh* to me *nāʿŏmî*, and *waYHWH* *ʿānāh* against me and *šadday* *hēraʿ* to me", "grammar": { "*məlēʾāh*": "feminine singular adjective - full", "*hālaḵtî*": "1st common singular qal perfect of הלך (to go) - I went", "*rêqām*": "adverb - empty", "*hĕšîḇanî*": "3rd masculine singular hiphil perfect of שוב (to return) + 1st common singular suffix - he brought me back", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - Yahweh/LORD", "*lāmmāh*": "interrogative + preposition - why", "*ṯiqreʾnāh*": "2nd feminine plural qal imperfect of קרא (to call) - you call", "*nāʿŏmî*": "proper noun - Naomi (pleasant)", "*ʿānāh*": "3rd masculine singular qal perfect of ענה (to afflict/humble) - has testified/afflicted", "*šadday*": "divine name - Almighty", "*hēraʿ*": "3rd masculine singular hiphil perfect of רעע (to be evil) - has done evil/harm" }, "variants": { "*məlēʾāh*": "full/filled/complete", "*rêqām*": "empty/void/without anything", "*ʿānāh*": "testified against/afflicted/humbled", "*hēraʿ*": "brought evil upon/harmed/afflicted" } }
• 1 Sam 1:15-16 : 15 { "verseID": "1 Samuel.1.15", "source": "וַתַּ֨עַן חַנָּ֤ה וַתֹּ֙אמֶר֙ לֹ֣א אֲדֹנִ֔י אִשָּׁ֤ה קְשַׁת־ר֙וּחַ֙ אָנֹ֔כִי וְיַ֥יִן וְשֵׁכָ֖ר לֹ֣א שָׁתִ֑יתִי וָאֶשְׁפֹּ֥ךְ אֶת־נַפְשִׁ֖י לִפְנֵ֥י יְהוָֽה׃", "text": "And-*wattaʿan* *ḥannāh* and-*wattōʾmer* no *ʾădōnî* *ʾiššāh* *qəšat*-*rûaḥ* *ʾānōkî* and-*yayin* and-*šēkār* not *šātîtî* and-*wāʾeškōk* *ʾet*-*napšî* before-*YHWH*.", "grammar": { "*wattaʿan*": "conjunction waw + qal imperfect 3rd feminine singular - and she answered", "*wattōʾmer*": "conjunction waw + qal imperfect 3rd feminine singular - and she said", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - no", "*ʾădōnî*": "masculine singular noun with 1st common singular suffix - my lord", "*ʾiššāh*": "feminine singular noun - woman", "*qəšat*": "adjective feminine singular construct - hard/difficult of", "*rûaḥ*": "feminine singular noun - spirit", "*ʾānōkî*": "1st person singular independent pronoun - I", "*wəyayin*": "conjunction waw + masculine singular noun - and wine", "*wəšēkār*": "conjunction waw + masculine singular noun - and strong drink", "*šātîtî*": "qal perfect 1st common singular - I have drunk", "*wāʾeškōk*": "conjunction waw + qal imperfect 1st common singular - and I poured out", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*napšî*": "feminine singular noun with 1st common singular suffix - my soul", "*lipnê*": "preposition lamed + masculine plural construct - before" }, "variants": { "*ʾiššāh qəšat-rûaḥ*": "a woman troubled in spirit/a woman of sorrowful spirit/a woman heavy of heart", "*wāʾeškōk ʾet-napšî*": "I poured out my soul/I have been expressing my anguish/I have been unburdening myself" } } 16 { "verseID": "1 Samuel.1.16", "source": "אַל־תִּתֵּן֙ אֶת־אֲמָ֣תְךָ֔ לִפְנֵ֖י בַּת־בְּלִיָּ֑עַל כִּֽי־מֵרֹ֥ב שִׂיחִ֛י וְכַעְסִ֖י דִּבַּ֥רְתִּי עַד־הֵֽנָּה׃", "text": "Not-*tittēn* *ʾet*-*ʾămātəkā* before *bat*-*bəliyyaʿal* because-from-abundance *śîḥî* and-*kaʿsî* *dibbartî* until-here.", "grammar": { "*ʾal*": "negative particle (for imperatives) - not/do not", "*tittēn*": "qal imperfect jussive 2nd masculine singular - may you give/consider", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*ʾămātəkā*": "feminine singular noun with 2nd masculine singular suffix - your maidservant", "*lipnê*": "preposition lamed + masculine plural construct - before", "*bat*": "feminine singular construct - daughter of", "*bəliyyaʿal*": "masculine singular noun - worthlessness/wickedness", "*kî*": "conjunction - because/for", "*mērōḇ*": "preposition min + masculine singular noun - from abundance of", "*śîḥî*": "masculine singular noun with 1st common singular suffix - my complaint/meditation", "*wəkaʿsî*": "conjunction waw + masculine singular noun with 1st common singular suffix - and my provocation/vexation", "*dibbartî*": "piel perfect 1st common singular - I have spoken", "*ʿad*": "preposition - until", "*hēnnāh*": "adverb - here/now" }, "variants": { "*ʾal-tittēn ʾet-ʾămātəkā lipnê bat-bəliyyaʿal*": "do not consider your servant a worthless woman/do not take your servant for a daughter of Belial", "*mērōḇ śîḥî wəkaʿsî*": "from the abundance of my complaint and my grief/out of my great anguish and trouble", "*ʿad-hēnnāh*": "until now/all this time/so far" } }
• 1 Chr 15:15-28 : 15 { "verseID": "1 Chronicles.15.15", "source": "וַיִּשְׂא֣וּ בְנֵֽי־הַלְוִיִּ֗ם אֵ֚ת אֲר֣וֹן הָֽאֱלֹהִ֔ים כַּאֲשֶׁ֛ר צִוָּ֥ה מֹשֶׁ֖ה כִּדְבַ֣ר יְהוָ֑ה בִּכְתֵפָ֥ם בַּמֹּט֖וֹת עֲלֵיהֶֽם׃", "text": "*wə-yiśĕʾû bĕnê-ha-ləwiyyim ʾēt ʾărôn hā-ʾĕlōhîm ka-ʾăšer ṣiwwāh mōšeh ki-dĕvar Yahweh bi-kĕtep̄ām ba-mmōṭôt ʿălêhem*", "grammar": { "*wə-yiśĕʾû*": "conjunction + qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural - and they carried", "*bĕnê*": "masculine plural construct - sons of", "*ha-ləwiyyim*": "definite article + proper noun plural - the Levites", "*ʾēt*": "direct object marker", "*ʾărôn*": "masculine singular construct - ark", "*hā-ʾĕlōhîm*": "definite article + masculine plural - the God", "*ka-ʾăšer*": "preposition + relative pronoun - as", "*ṣiwwāh*": "piel perfect 3rd masculine singular - commanded", "*mōšeh*": "proper name - Moses", "*ki-dĕvar*": "preposition + masculine singular construct - according to the word of", "*Yahweh*": "divine name", "*bi-kĕtep̄ām*": "preposition + feminine singular noun with 3rd masculine plural suffix - on their shoulder", "*ba-mmōṭôt*": "preposition + definite article + masculine plural noun - with the poles", "*ʿălêhem*": "preposition with 3rd masculine plural suffix - upon them" }, "variants": { "*yiśĕʾû*": "carried/bore/lifted", "*bĕnê*": "sons/descendants", "*ha-ləwiyyim*": "the Levites (tribal name)", "*ʾărôn*": "ark/chest/box", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "God/gods/divine being", "*ṣiwwāh*": "commanded/ordered/instructed", "*ki-dĕvar*": "according to the word of/as commanded by", "*kĕtep̄ām*": "their shoulder/their side", "*mmōṭôt*": "poles/bars/staves" } } 16 { "verseID": "1 Chronicles.15.16", "source": "וַיֹּ֣אמֶר דָּוִיד֮ לְשָׂרֵ֣י הַלְוִיִּם֒ לְהַֽעֲמִ֗יד אֶת־אֲחֵיהֶם֙ הַמְשֹׁ֣רְרִ֔ים בִּכְלֵי־שִׁ֛יר נְבָלִ֥ים וְכִנֹּר֖וֹת וּמְצִלְתָּ֑יִם מַשְׁמִיעִ֥ים לְהָרִֽים־בְּק֖וֹל לְשִׂמְחָֽה׃", "text": "*wə-yōʾmer dāwîd lĕśārê ha-ləwiyyim lĕhaʿămîd ʾet-ʾăḥêhem ha-mĕšōrĕrîm bi-kĕlê-šîr nĕvālîm wĕ-kinnōrôt û-mĕṣiltāyim mašmîʿîm lĕhārîm-bĕqôl lĕśimḥāh*", "grammar": { "*wə-yōʾmer*": "conjunction + qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he said", "*dāwîd*": "proper name - David", "*lĕśārê*": "preposition + masculine plural construct - to the chiefs of", "*ha-ləwiyyim*": "definite article + proper noun plural - the Levites", "*lĕhaʿămîd*": "preposition + hiphil infinitive construct - to appoint", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*ʾăḥêhem*": "masculine plural noun with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their brothers", "*ha-mĕšōrĕrîm*": "definite article + poel participle masculine plural - the singers", "*bi-kĕlê*": "preposition + masculine plural construct - with instruments of", "*šîr*": "masculine singular noun - song", "*nĕvālîm*": "masculine plural noun - harps", "*wĕ-kinnōrôt*": "conjunction + masculine plural noun - and lyres", "*û-mĕṣiltāyim*": "conjunction + feminine dual noun - and cymbals", "*mašmîʿîm*": "hiphil participle masculine plural - sounding/making heard", "*lĕhārîm*": "preposition + hiphil infinitive construct - to raise", "*bĕqôl*": "preposition + masculine singular noun - with voice", "*lĕśimḥāh*": "preposition + feminine singular noun - with joy" }, "variants": { "*yōʾmer*": "said/spoke/declared", "*śārê*": "chiefs/officials/leaders", "*ha-ləwiyyim*": "the Levites (tribal name)", "*lĕhaʿămîd*": "to appoint/to station/to establish", "*ʾăḥêhem*": "their brothers/their relatives/their colleagues", "*ha-mĕšōrĕrîm*": "the singers/the musicians", "*kĕlê*": "instruments/implements/tools", "*šîr*": "song/music", "*nĕvālîm*": "harps/string instruments", "*kinnōrôt*": "lyres/string instruments", "*mĕṣiltāyim*": "cymbals/percussion instruments", "*mašmîʿîm*": "sounding/making heard/resounding", "*lĕhārîm*": "to raise/to lift up/to elevate", "*qôl*": "voice/sound", "*śimḥāh*": "joy/gladness/mirth" } } 17 { "verseID": "1 Chronicles.15.17", "source": "וַיַּעֲמִ֣ידוּ הַלְוִיִּ֗ם אֵ֚ת הֵימָ֣ן בֶּן־יוֹאֵ֔ל וּמִ֨ן־אֶחָ֔יו אָסָ֖ף בֶּן־בֶּֽרֶכְיָ֑הוּ ס וּמִן־בְּנֵ֤י מְרָרִי֙ אֲחֵיהֶ֔ם אֵיתָ֖ן בֶּן־קֽוּשָׁיָֽהוּ׃", "text": "*wə-yaʿămîdû ha-ləwiyyim ʾēt hêmān ben-yôʾēl û-min-ʾeḥāyw ʾāsāp̄ ben-berekyāhû û-min-bĕnê mĕrārî ʾăḥêhem ʾêtān ben-qûšāyāhû*", "grammar": { "*wə-yaʿămîdû*": "conjunction + hiphil imperfect 3rd masculine plural - and they appointed", "*ha-ləwiyyim*": "definite article + proper noun plural - the Levites", "*ʾēt*": "direct object marker", "*hêmān*": "proper name - Heman", "*ben*": "masculine singular construct - son of", "*yôʾēl*": "proper name - Joel", "*û-min*": "conjunction + preposition - and from", "*ʾeḥāyw*": "masculine plural noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his brothers", "*ʾāsāp̄*": "proper name - Asaph", "*ben*": "masculine singular construct - son of", "*berekyāhû*": "proper name - Berechiah", "*û-min*": "conjunction + preposition - and from", "*bĕnê*": "masculine plural construct - sons of", "*mĕrārî*": "proper name - Merari", "*ʾăḥêhem*": "masculine plural noun with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their brothers", "*ʾêtān*": "proper name - Ethan", "*ben*": "masculine singular construct - son of", "*qûšāyāhû*": "proper name - Kushaiah" }, "variants": { "*yaʿămîdû*": "appointed/stationed/established", "*ha-ləwiyyim*": "the Levites (tribal name)", "*hêmān*": "Heman (personal name)", "*yôʾēl*": "Joel (personal name)", "*ʾeḥāyw*": "his brothers/his relatives/his colleagues", "*ʾāsāp̄*": "Asaph (personal name)", "*berekyāhû*": "Berechiah (personal name)", "*bĕnê*": "sons/descendants", "*mĕrārî*": "Merari (personal name)", "*ʾăḥêhem*": "their brothers/their relatives/their colleagues", "*ʾêtān*": "Ethan (personal name)", "*qûšāyāhû*": "Kushaiah (personal name)" } } 18 { "verseID": "1 Chronicles.15.18", "source": "וְעִמָּהֶ֖ם אֲחֵיהֶ֣ם הַמִּשְׁנִ֑ים זְכַרְיָ֡הוּ בֵּ֡ן וְיַֽעֲזִיאֵ֡ל וּשְׁמֽ͏ִירָמ֡וֹת וִיחִיאֵ֣ל ׀ וְעֻנִּ֡י אֱלִיאָ֡ב וּבְנָיָ֡הוּ וּמַֽעֲשֵׂיָ֡הוּ וּמַתִּתְיָהוּ֩ וֶאֱלִ֨יפְלֵ֜הוּ וּמִקְנֵיָ֨הוּ וְעֹבֵ֥ד אֱדֹ֛ם וִֽיעִיאֵ֖ל הַשֹּׁעֲרִֽים׃", "text": "*wə-ʿimmāhem ʾăḥêhem ha-mišnîm zəkaryāhû bēn wə-yaʿăzîʾēl û-šĕmîrāmôt wîḥîʾēl wə-ʿunnî ʾĕlîʾāv û-vĕnāyāhû û-maʿăśêyāhû û-mattityāhû we-ʾĕlîp̄lēhû û-miqnēyāhû wə-ʿōvēd ʾĕdōm wî-ʿîʾēl ha-šōʿărîm*", "grammar": { "*wə-ʿimmāhem*": "conjunction + preposition with 3rd masculine plural suffix - and with them", "*ʾăḥêhem*": "masculine plural noun with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their brothers", "*ha-mišnîm*": "definite article + masculine plural adjective - the second-rank/deputies", "*zəkaryāhû*": "proper name - Zechariah", "*bēn*": "proper name or possible scribal error - Ben", "*wə-yaʿăzîʾēl*": "conjunction + proper name - and Jaaziel", "*û-šĕmîrāmôt*": "conjunction + proper name - and Shemiramoth", "*wîḥîʾēl*": "conjunction + proper name - and Jehiel", "*wə-ʿunnî*": "conjunction + proper name - and Unni", "*ʾĕlîʾāv*": "proper name - Eliab", "*û-vĕnāyāhû*": "conjunction + proper name - and Benaiah", "*û-maʿăśêyāhû*": "conjunction + proper name - and Maaseiah", "*û-mattityāhû*": "conjunction + proper name - and Mattithiah", "*we-ʾĕlîp̄lēhû*": "conjunction + proper name - and Eliphelehu", "*û-miqnēyāhû*": "conjunction + proper name - and Mikneiah", "*wə-ʿōvēd ʾĕdōm*": "conjunction + proper name - and Obed-Edom", "*wî-ʿîʾēl*": "conjunction + proper name - and Jeiel", "*ha-šōʿărîm*": "definite article + qal participle masculine plural - the gatekeepers" }, "variants": { "*ʿimmāhem*": "with them/alongside them", "*ʾăḥêhem*": "their brothers/their relatives/their colleagues", "*ha-mišnîm*": "the second-rank/the deputies/the assistants", "*ha-šōʿărîm*": "the gatekeepers/the doorkeepers/the porters" } } 19 { "verseID": "1 Chronicles.15.19", "source": "וְהַמְשֹׁ֣רְרִ֔ים הֵימָ֥ן אָסָ֖ף וְאֵיתָ֑ן בִּמְצִלְתַּ֥יִם נְחֹ֖שֶׁת לְהַשְׁמִֽיעַ׃", "text": "*wə-ha-mĕšōrĕrîm hêmān ʾāsāp̄ wə-ʾêtān bi-mṣiltayim nĕḥōšet lĕhašmîaʿ*", "grammar": { "*wə-ha-mĕšōrĕrîm*": "conjunction + definite article + poel participle masculine plural - and the singers", "*hêmān*": "proper name - Heman", "*ʾāsāp̄*": "proper name - Asaph", "*wə-ʾêtān*": "conjunction + proper name - and Ethan", "*bi-mṣiltayim*": "preposition + feminine dual noun - with cymbals", "*nĕḥōšet*": "feminine singular noun - bronze", "*lĕhašmîaʿ*": "preposition + hiphil infinitive construct - to sound" }, "variants": { "*ha-mĕšōrĕrîm*": "the singers/the musicians", "*hêmān*": "Heman (personal name)", "*ʾāsāp̄*": "Asaph (personal name)", "*ʾêtān*": "Ethan (personal name)", "*mṣiltayim*": "cymbals/percussion instruments", "*nĕḥōšet*": "bronze/copper/brass", "*lĕhašmîaʿ*": "to sound/to make heard/to resound" } } 20 { "verseID": "1 Chronicles.15.20", "source": "וּזְכַרְיָ֨ה וַעֲזִיאֵ֜ל וּשְׁמִֽירָמ֤וֹת וִֽיחִיאֵל֙ וְעֻנִּ֣י וֽ͏ֶאֱלִיאָ֔ב וּמַעֲשֵׂיָ֖הוּ וּבְנָיָ֑הוּ בִּנְבָלִ֖ים עַל־עֲלָמֽוֹת׃", "text": "*û-zəkaryāh wa-ʿăzîʾēl û-šĕmîrāmôt wîḥîʾēl wə-ʿunnî we-ʾĕlîʾāv û-maʿăśêyāhû û-vĕnāyāhû bi-nĕvālîm ʿal-ʿălāmôt*", "grammar": { "*û-zəkaryāh*": "conjunction + proper name - and Zechariah", "*wa-ʿăzîʾēl*": "conjunction + proper name - and Aziel", "*û-šĕmîrāmôt*": "conjunction + proper name - and Shemiramoth", "*wîḥîʾēl*": "conjunction + proper name - and Jehiel", "*wə-ʿunnî*": "conjunction + proper name - and Unni", "*we-ʾĕlîʾāv*": "conjunction + proper name - and Eliab", "*û-maʿăśêyāhû*": "conjunction + proper name - and Maaseiah", "*û-vĕnāyāhû*": "conjunction + proper name - and Benaiah", "*bi-nĕvālîm*": "preposition + masculine plural noun - with harps", "*ʿal-ʿălāmôt*": "preposition + feminine plural noun - according to Alamoth (musical term)" }, "variants": { "*nĕvālîm*": "harps/string instruments", "*ʿălāmôt*": "Alamoth (musical term, possibly referring to soprano/high register voices or a particular tuning)" } } 21 { "verseID": "1 Chronicles.15.21", "source": "וּמַתִּתְיָ֣הוּ וֶאֱלִֽיפְלֵ֗הוּ וּמִקְנֵיָ֙הוּ֙ וְעֹבֵ֣ד אֱדֹ֔ם וִֽיעִיאֵ֖ל וַעֲזַזְיָ֑הוּ בְּכִנֹּר֥וֹת עַל־הַשְּׁמִינִ֖ית לְנַצֵּֽחַ׃", "text": "*û-mattityāhû we-ʾĕlîp̄lēhû û-miqnēyāhû wə-ʿōvēd ʾĕdōm wî-ʿîʾēl wa-ʿăzazyāhû bĕ-kinnōrôt ʿal-ha-šĕmînît lĕnaṣṣēaḥ*", "grammar": { "*û-mattityāhû*": "conjunction + proper name - and Mattithiah", "*we-ʾĕlîp̄lēhû*": "conjunction + proper name - and Eliphelehu", "*û-miqnēyāhû*": "conjunction + proper name - and Mikneiah", "*wə-ʿōvēd ʾĕdōm*": "conjunction + proper name - and Obed-Edom", "*wî-ʿîʾēl*": "conjunction + proper name - and Jeiel", "*wa-ʿăzazyāhû*": "conjunction + proper name - and Azaziah", "*bĕ-kinnōrôt*": "preposition + masculine plural noun - with lyres", "*ʿal-ha-šĕmînît*": "preposition + definite article + feminine singular ordinal - according to the Sheminith (musical term)", "*lĕnaṣṣēaḥ*": "preposition + piel infinitive construct - to lead" }, "variants": { "*kinnōrôt*": "lyres/string instruments", "*ha-šĕmînît*": "the Sheminith (musical term, possibly meaning 'the eighth' or octave, or bass register)", "*lĕnaṣṣēaḥ*": "to lead/to direct/to excel" } } 22 { "verseID": "1 Chronicles.15.22", "source": "וּכְנַנְיָ֥הוּ שַֽׂר־הַלְוִיִּ֖ם בְּמַשָּׂ֑א יָסֹר֙ בַּמַּשָּׂ֔א כִּ֥י מֵבִ֖ין הֽוּא׃", "text": "*û-kənanyāhû śar-ha-ləwiyyim bĕ-maśśāʾ yāsōr ba-maśśāʾ kî mēvîn hûʾ*", "grammar": { "*û-kənanyāhû*": "conjunction + proper name - and Chenaniah", "*śar*": "masculine singular construct - chief of", "*ha-ləwiyyim*": "definite article + proper noun plural - the Levites", "*bĕ-maśśāʾ*": "preposition + masculine singular noun - in the carrying/song", "*yāsōr*": "qal infinitive absolute - instructing", "*ba-maśśāʾ*": "preposition + definite article + masculine singular noun - in the carrying/song", "*kî*": "conjunction - because", "*mēvîn*": "hiphil participle masculine singular - skilled/understanding", "*hûʾ*": "3rd masculine singular pronoun - he" }, "variants": { "*kənanyāhû*": "Chenaniah (personal name)", "*śar*": "chief/leader/official", "*ha-ləwiyyim*": "the Levites (tribal name)", "*maśśāʾ*": "carrying/burden/song/lifting (possible dual meaning)", "*yāsōr*": "instructing/directing/teaching", "*mēvîn*": "skilled/understanding/experienced" } } 23 { "verseID": "1 Chronicles.15.23", "source": "וּבֶֽרֶכְיָה֙ וְאֶלְקָנָ֔ה שֹׁעֲרִ֖ים לָאָרֽוֹן׃", "text": "*û-verekyāh wə-ʾelqānāh šōʿărîm lā-ʾārôn*", "grammar": { "*û-verekyāh*": "conjunction + proper name - and Berechiah", "*wə-ʾelqānāh*": "conjunction + proper name - and Elkanah", "*šōʿărîm*": "qal participle masculine plural - gatekeepers", "*lā-ʾārôn*": "preposition + definite article + masculine singular noun - for the ark" }, "variants": { "*verekyāh*": "Berechiah (personal name)", "*ʾelqānāh*": "Elkanah (personal name)", "*šōʿărîm*": "gatekeepers/doorkeepers/guards", "*ʾārôn*": "ark/chest/box" } } 24 { "verseID": "1 Chronicles.15.24", "source": "וּשְׁבַנְיָ֡הוּ וְיֽוֹשָׁפָ֡ט וּנְתַנְאֵ֡ל וַעֲמָשַׂ֡י וּ֠זְכַרְיָהוּ וּבְנָיָ֤הוּ וֽ͏ֶאֱלִיעֶ֙זֶר֙ הַכֹּ֣הֲנִ֔ים *מחצצרים **מַחְצְרִים֙ בַּחֲצֹ֣צְר֔וֹת לִפְנֵ֖י אֲר֣וֹן הֽ͏ָאֱלֹהִ֑ים וְעֹבֵ֤ד אֱדֹם֙ וִֽיחִיָּ֔ה שֹׁעֲרִ֖ים לָאָרֽוֹן׃", "text": "*û-šĕvanyāhû wə-yôšāp̄āṭ û-nĕtanʾēl wa-ʿămāśay û-zəkaryāhû û-vĕnāyāhû we-ʾĕlîʿezer ha-kōhănîm *maḥṣĕṣĕrîm *maḥṣĕrîm ba-ḥăṣōṣĕrôt li-p̄nê ʾărôn hā-ʾĕlōhîm wə-ʿōvēd ʾĕdōm wî-ḥiyyāh šōʿărîm lā-ʾārôn*", "grammar": { "*û-šĕvanyāhû*": "conjunction + proper name - and Shebaniah", "*wə-yôšāp̄āṭ*": "conjunction + proper name - and Joshaphat", "*û-nĕtanʾēl*": "conjunction + proper name - and Nethanel", "*wa-ʿămāśay*": "conjunction + proper name - and Amasai", "*û-zəkaryāhû*": "conjunction + proper name - and Zechariah", "*û-vĕnāyāhû*": "conjunction + proper name - and Benaiah", "*we-ʾĕlîʿezer*": "conjunction + proper name - and Eliezer", "*ha-kōhănîm*": "definite article + masculine plural noun - the priests", "*maḥṣĕṣĕrîm/maḥṣĕrîm*": "hiphil participle masculine plural - sounding (scribal variant)", "*ba-ḥăṣōṣĕrôt*": "preposition + definite article + feminine plural noun - with the trumpets", "*li-p̄nê*": "preposition + masculine plural construct - before", "*ʾărôn*": "masculine singular construct - ark", "*hā-ʾĕlōhîm*": "definite article + masculine plural - the God", "*wə-ʿōvēd ʾĕdōm*": "conjunction + proper name - and Obed-Edom", "*wî-ḥiyyāh*": "conjunction + proper name - and Jehiah", "*šōʿărîm*": "qal participle masculine plural - gatekeepers", "*lā-ʾārôn*": "preposition + definite article + masculine singular noun - for the ark" }, "variants": { "*ha-kōhănîm*": "the priests/the officiants", "*maḥṣĕṣĕrîm/maḥṣĕrîm*": "sounding trumpets/blowing trumpets (Kethib/Qere variant)", "*ḥăṣōṣĕrôt*": "trumpets/metal horns", "*li-p̄nê*": "before/in front of", "*ʾărôn*": "ark/chest/box", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "God/gods/divine being", "*šōʿărîm*": "gatekeepers/doorkeepers/guards" } } 25 { "verseID": "1 Chronicles.15.25", "source": "וַיְהִ֥י דָוִ֛יד וְזִקְנֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל וְשָׂרֵ֣י הָאֲלָפִ֑ים הַהֹֽלְכִ֗ים לְֽהַעֲל֞וֹת אֶת־אֲר֧וֹן בְּרִית־יְהוָ֛ה מִן־בֵּ֥ית עֹבֵֽד־אֱדֹ֖ם בְּשִׂמְחָֽה׃", "text": "*wə-yhî dāwîd wə-ziqnê yiśrāʾēl wə-śārê hā-ʾălāp̄îm ha-hōlĕkîm lĕhaʿălôt ʾet-ʾărôn bĕrît-Yahweh min-bêt ʿōvēd-ʾĕdōm bĕ-śimḥāh*", "grammar": { "*wə-yhî*": "conjunction + qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular apocopated - and it was", "*dāwîd*": "proper name - David", "*wə-ziqnê*": "conjunction + masculine plural construct - and elders of", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*wə-śārê*": "conjunction + masculine plural construct - and chiefs of", "*hā-ʾălāp̄îm*": "definite article + masculine plural noun - the thousands", "*ha-hōlĕkîm*": "definite article + qal participle masculine plural - the ones going", "*lĕhaʿălôt*": "preposition + hiphil infinitive construct - to bring up", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*ʾărôn*": "masculine singular construct - ark", "*bĕrît*": "feminine singular construct - covenant of", "*Yahweh*": "divine name", "*min-bêt*": "preposition + masculine singular construct - from house of", "*ʿōvēd-ʾĕdōm*": "proper name - Obed-Edom", "*bĕ-śimḥāh*": "preposition + feminine singular noun - with joy" }, "variants": { "*yhî*": "it was/it happened", "*ziqnê*": "elders/older men/leaders", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "Israel (national name)", "*śārê*": "chiefs/leaders/commanders", "*hā-ʾălāp̄îm*": "the thousands/the military divisions", "*ha-hōlĕkîm*": "those going/those walking/those proceeding", "*lĕhaʿălôt*": "to bring up/to elevate/to raise", "*ʾărôn*": "ark/chest/box", "*bĕrît*": "covenant/agreement/treaty", "*bêt*": "house/household/temple", "*śimḥāh*": "joy/gladness/mirth" } } 26 { "verseID": "1 Chronicles.15.26", "source": "וֽ͏ַיְהִי֙ בֶּעְזֹ֣ר הֽ͏ָאֱלֹהִ֔ים אֶ֨ת־הַלְוִיִּ֔ם נֹשְׂאֵ֖י אֲר֣וֹן בְּרִית־יְהוָ֑ה וַיִּזְבְּח֥וּ שִׁבְעָֽה־פָרִ֖ים וְשִׁבְעָ֥ה אֵילִֽים׃", "text": "*wə-yhî be-ʿzōr hā-ʾĕlōhîm ʾet-ha-ləwiyyim nōśĕʾê ʾărôn bĕrît-Yahweh wə-yizbĕḥû šivʿāh-p̄ārîm wə-šivʿāh ʾêlîm*", "grammar": { "*wə-yhî*": "conjunction + qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular apocopated - and it was", "*be-ʿzōr*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct - in helping", "*hā-ʾĕlōhîm*": "definite article + masculine plural - the God", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*ha-ləwiyyim*": "definite article + proper noun plural - the Levites", "*nōśĕʾê*": "qal participle masculine plural construct - carriers of", "*ʾărôn*": "masculine singular construct - ark", "*bĕrît*": "feminine singular construct - covenant of", "*Yahweh*": "divine name", "*wə-yizbĕḥû*": "conjunction + qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural - and they sacrificed", "*šivʿāh*": "feminine singular number - seven", "*p̄ārîm*": "masculine plural noun - bulls", "*wə-šivʿāh*": "conjunction + feminine singular number - and seven", "*ʾêlîm*": "masculine plural noun - rams" }, "variants": { "*yhî*": "it was/it happened", "*be-ʿzōr*": "in helping/when assisting/in aiding", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "God/gods/divine being", "*ha-ləwiyyim*": "the Levites (tribal name)", "*nōśĕʾê*": "carriers/bearers/lifters", "*ʾărôn*": "ark/chest/box", "*bĕrît*": "covenant/agreement/treaty", "*yizbĕḥû*": "they sacrificed/they slaughtered/they offered", "*p̄ārîm*": "bulls/oxen", "*ʾêlîm*": "rams/male sheep" } } 27 { "verseID": "1 Chronicles.15.27", "source": "וְדָוִ֞יד מְכֻרְבָּ֣ל ׀ בִּמְעִ֣יל בּ֗וּץ וְכָל־הַלְוִיִּם֙ הַנֹּשְׂאִ֣ים אֶת־הָאָר֔וֹן וְהַמְשֹׁ֣רְרִ֔ים וּכְנַנְיָ֛ה הַשַּׂ֥ר הַמַּשָּׂ֖א הַמְשֹֽׁרְרִ֑ים וְעַל־דָּוִ֖יד אֵפ֥וֹד בָּֽד׃", "text": "*wə-dāwîd mĕkurbāl bi-mĕʿîl bûṣ wə-kol-ha-ləwiyyim ha-nōśĕʾîm ʾet-hā-ʾārôn wə-ha-mĕšōrĕrîm û-kĕnanyāh ha-śar ha-maśśāʾ ha-mĕšōrĕrîm wə-ʿal-dāwîd ʾēp̄ôd bād*", "grammar": { "*wə-dāwîd*": "conjunction + proper name - and David", "*mĕkurbāl*": "pual participle masculine singular - clothed", "*bi-mĕʿîl*": "preposition + masculine singular noun - with a robe of", "*bûṣ*": "masculine singular noun - fine linen", "*wə-kol*": "conjunction + masculine singular construct - and all", "*ha-ləwiyyim*": "definite article + proper noun plural - the Levites", "*ha-nōśĕʾîm*": "definite article + qal participle masculine plural - the ones carrying", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*hā-ʾārôn*": "definite article + masculine singular noun - the ark", "*wə-ha-mĕšōrĕrîm*": "conjunction + definite article + poel participle masculine plural - and the singers", "*û-kĕnanyāh*": "conjunction + proper name - and Chenaniah", "*ha-śar*": "definite article + masculine singular noun - the chief", "*ha-maśśāʾ*": "definite article + masculine singular noun - the carrying/song", "*ha-mĕšōrĕrîm*": "definite article + poel participle masculine plural - the singers", "*wə-ʿal*": "conjunction + preposition - and on", "*dāwîd*": "proper name - David", "*ʾēp̄ôd*": "masculine singular noun - ephod", "*bād*": "masculine singular noun - linen" }, "variants": { "*mĕkurbāl*": "clothed/dressed/wrapped", "*mĕʿîl*": "robe/cloak/mantle", "*bûṣ*": "fine linen/white linen", "*ha-ləwiyyim*": "the Levites (tribal name)", "*ha-nōśĕʾîm*": "the carriers/the bearers", "*hā-ʾārôn*": "the ark/the chest/the box", "*ha-mĕšōrĕrîm*": "the singers/the musicians", "*kĕnanyāh*": "Chenaniah (personal name)", "*ha-śar*": "the chief/the leader/the director", "*ha-maśśāʾ*": "the carrying/the burden/the song/the lifting (possible dual meaning)", "*ʾēp̄ôd*": "ephod (priestly garment)", "*bād*": "linen/fine cloth" } } 28 { "verseID": "1 Chronicles.15.28", "source": "וְכָל־יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל מַעֲלִים֙ אֶת־אֲר֣וֹן בְּרִית־יְהוָ֔ה בִּתְרוּעָה֙ וּבְק֣וֹל שׁוֹפָ֔ר וּבַחֲצֹצְר֖וֹת וּבִמְצִלְתָּ֑יִם מַשְׁמִעִ֕ים בִּנְבָלִ֖ים וְכִנֹּרֽוֹת׃", "text": "*wə-kol-yiśrāʾēl maʿălîm ʾet-ʾărôn bĕrît-Yahweh bi-tĕrûʿāh û-vĕqôl šôp̄ār û-va-ḥăṣōṣĕrôt û-vi-mṣiltāyim mašmîʿîm bi-nĕvālîm wə-kinnōrôt*", "grammar": { "*wə-kol*": "conjunction + masculine singular construct - and all", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*maʿălîm*": "hiphil participle masculine plural - bringing up", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*ʾărôn*": "masculine singular construct - ark", "*bĕrît*": "feminine singular construct - covenant of", "*Yahweh*": "divine name", "*bi-tĕrûʿāh*": "preposition + feminine singular noun - with shouting", "*û-vĕqôl*": "conjunction + preposition + masculine singular construct - and with sound of", "*šôp̄ār*": "masculine singular noun - ram's horn", "*û-va-ḥăṣōṣĕrôt*": "conjunction + preposition + definite article + feminine plural noun - and with the trumpets", "*û-vi-mṣiltāyim*": "conjunction + preposition + feminine dual noun - and with cymbals", "*mašmîʿîm*": "hiphil participle masculine plural - sounding", "*bi-nĕvālîm*": "preposition + masculine plural noun - with harps", "*wə-kinnōrôt*": "conjunction + masculine plural noun - and lyres" }, "variants": { "*yiśrāʾēl*": "Israel (national name)", "*maʿălîm*": "bringing up/elevating/raising", "*ʾărôn*": "ark/chest/box", "*bĕrît*": "covenant/agreement/treaty", "*tĕrûʿāh*": "shouting/alarm/signal", "*qôl*": "sound/voice/noise", "*šôp̄ār*": "ram's horn/trumpet", "*ḥăṣōṣĕrôt*": "trumpets/metal horns", "*mṣiltāyim*": "cymbals/percussion instruments", "*mašmîʿîm*": "sounding/making heard/resounding", "*nĕvālîm*": "harps/string instruments", "*kinnōrôt*": "lyres/string instruments" } }
• 1 Chr 16:1-9 : 1 { "verseID": "1 Chronicles.16.1", "source": "וַיָּבִ֙יאוּ֙ אֶת־אֲר֣וֹן הֽ͏ָאֱלֹהִ֔ים וַיַצִּ֣יגוּ אֹת֔וֹ בְּת֣וֹךְ הָאֹ֔הֶל אֲשֶׁ֥ר נָֽטָה־ל֖וֹ דָּוִ֑יד וַיַּקְרִ֛יבוּ עֹל֥וֹת וּשְׁלָמִ֖ים לִפְנֵ֥י הָאֱלֹהִֽים׃", "text": "And they *bāʾ* [brought] *ʾēt*-*ʾărôn* [ark of] *hāʾĕlōhîm* [the God], and they *nāṣag* [set] *ʾōtô* [it] in *tôk* [midst of] *hāʾōhel* [the tent] which *nāṭâ*-to him *dāwîd* [David]; and they *qārab* [offered] *ʿōlôt* [burnt offerings] and *šělāmîm* [peace offerings] before *hāʾĕlōhîm* [the God].", "grammar": { "*wǎy-* (prefix)": "consecutive waw - and then/so", "*bāʾ*": "hiphil imperfect 3rd person masculine plural with waw consecutive - they brought", "*nāṣag*": "hiphil imperfect 3rd person masculine plural with waw consecutive - they set/placed", "*nāṭâ*": "qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - he stretched/pitched", "*qārab*": "hiphil imperfect 3rd person masculine plural with waw consecutive - they brought near/offered", "*ʾōtô*": "direct object marker with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - him/it", "*ʾēt*": "direct object marker", "*ʾărôn*": "construct state - ark of", "*hāʾĕlōhîm*": "definite article + plural noun - the God", "*hāʾōhel*": "definite article + singular noun - the tent", "*tôk*": "construct state - midst of/within", "*ʿōlôt*": "plural noun - burnt offerings", "*šělāmîm*": "plural noun - peace offerings/fellowship offerings", "*lĕ-* (prefix)": "preposition - to/for", "*bĕ-* (prefix)": "preposition - in/with/by" }, "variants": { "*bāʾ*": "bring/come/enter", "*nāṣag*": "set/place/establish", "*nāṭâ*": "stretch/extend/pitch (a tent)", "*qārab*": "bring near/offer/approach", "*tôk*": "midst/middle/among", "*ʿōlôt*": "burnt offerings/ascensions", "*šělāmîm*": "peace offerings/fellowship offerings/sacrifices of well-being" } } 2 { "verseID": "1 Chronicles.16.2", "source": "וַיְכַ֣ל דָּוִ֔יד מֵהַעֲל֥וֹת הָעֹלָ֖ה וְהַשְּׁלָמִ֑ים וַיְבָ֥רֶךְ אֶת־הָעָ֖ם בְּשֵׁ֥ם יְהוָֽה׃", "text": "And *kālâ* [finished] *dāwîd* [David] from *ʿālâ* [offering] *hāʿōlâ* [the burnt offering] and *haššělāmîm* [the peace offerings]; and he *bārak* [blessed] *ʾēt*-*hāʿām* [the people] in *šēm* [name of] *YHWH* [the LORD].", "grammar": { "*wǎy-* (prefix)": "consecutive waw - and then/so", "*kālâ*": "piel imperfect 3rd person masculine singular with waw consecutive - he finished/completed", "*ʿālâ*": "hiphil infinitive construct - to cause to go up/offer up", "*bārak*": "piel imperfect 3rd person masculine singular with waw consecutive - he blessed", "*hāʿōlâ*": "definite article + singular noun - the burnt offering", "*haššělāmîm*": "definite article + plural noun - the peace offerings", "*hāʿām*": "definite article + singular collective noun - the people", "*šēm*": "construct state - name of", "*mē-* (prefix)": "preposition - from", "*bĕ-* (prefix)": "preposition - in/with/by", "*ʾēt*": "direct object marker" }, "variants": { "*kālâ*": "finish/complete/end", "*ʿālâ*": "go up/ascend/offer up", "*bārak*": "bless/kneel/praise", "*šēm*": "name/reputation/character" } } 3 { "verseID": "1 Chronicles.16.3", "source": "וַיְחַלֵּק֙ לְכָל־אִ֣ישׁ יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל מֵאִ֖ישׁ וְעַד־אִשָּׁ֑ה לְאִישׁ֙ כִּכַּר־לֶ֔חֶם וְאֶשְׁפָּ֖ר וַאֲשִׁישָֽׁה׃", "text": "And he *ḥālaq* [distributed] to every-*ʾîš* [man] of *yiśrāʾēl* [Israel], from *ʾîš* [man] and until-*ʾiššâ* [woman], to each *ʾîš* [man] *kikkar*-*leḥem* [a loaf of bread] and *ʾešpār* [a portion] and *ʾăšîšâ* [a cake of raisins].", "grammar": { "*wǎy-* (prefix)": "consecutive waw - and then/so", "*ḥālaq*": "piel imperfect 3rd person masculine singular with waw consecutive - he distributed/divided/apportioned", "*ʾîš*": "singular noun - man/each one", "*ʾiššâ*": "singular noun - woman", "*kikkar*": "construct state - loaf/round of", "*leḥem*": "singular noun - bread/food", "*ʾešpār*": "singular noun - portion (of meat)", "*ʾăšîšâ*": "singular noun - cake of raisins", "*lĕ-* (prefix)": "preposition - to/for", "*kol-* (prefix)": "construct state - all of/every", "*mē-* (prefix)": "preposition - from", "*wĕ-* (prefix)": "conjunction - and", "*ʿad-* (prefix)": "preposition - until/to" }, "variants": { "*ḥālaq*": "divide/distribute/apportion", "*ʾîš*": "man/each one/person", "*ʾiššâ*": "woman/wife/female", "*kikkar*": "loaf/round/talent", "*leḥem*": "bread/food/grain", "*ʾešpār*": "portion (of meat)/measure", "*ʾăšîšâ*": "cake of raisins/raisin cake/sweet cake" } } 4 { "verseID": "1 Chronicles.16.4", "source": "וַיִּתֵּ֞ן לִפְנֵ֨י אֲר֧וֹן יְהוָ֛ה מִן־הַלְוִיִּ֖ם מְשָׁרְתִ֑ים וּלְהַזְכִּיר֙ וּלְהוֹד֣וֹת וּלְהַלֵּ֔ל לַיהוָ֖ה אֱלֹהֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃ פ", "text": "And he *nātan* [appointed] before *ʾărôn* [ark of] *YHWH* [the LORD] from-*halĕwiyyîm* [the Levites] *mĕšārĕtîm* [ministers]; and for *zākar* [commemorating] and for *yādâ* [giving thanks] and for *hālal* [praising] to *YHWH* [the LORD] *ʾĕlōhê* [God of] *yiśrāʾēl* [Israel].", "grammar": { "*wǎy-* (prefix)": "consecutive waw - and then/so", "*nātan*": "qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular with waw consecutive - he gave/appointed/placed", "*zākar*": "hiphil infinitive construct - to cause to remember/commemorate/invoke", "*yādâ*": "hiphil infinitive construct - to give thanks/praise/confess", "*hālal*": "piel infinitive construct - to praise/celebrate/boast", "*mĕšārĕtîm*": "piel participle masculine plural - ministers/servers/attendants", "*halĕwiyyîm*": "definite article + plural noun - the Levites", "*ʾărôn*": "construct state - ark of", "*ʾĕlōhê*": "construct state - God of", "*lĕ-* (prefix)": "preposition - to/for", "*li-pnê* (compound)": "preposition - before/in front of", "*min-* (prefix)": "preposition - from/out of" }, "variants": { "*nātan*": "give/appoint/put", "*mĕšārĕtîm*": "ministers/servers/attendants", "*zākar*": "remember/commemorate/mention", "*yādâ*": "give thanks/praise/confess", "*hālal*": "praise/celebrate/boast" } } 5 { "verseID": "1 Chronicles.16.5", "source": "אָסָ֥ף הָרֹ֖אשׁ וּמִשְׁנֵ֣הוּ זְכַרְיָ֑ה יְעִיאֵ֡ל וּשְׁמִֽירָמ֡וֹת וִֽיחִיאֵ֡ל וּמַתִּתְיָ֡ה וֶאֱלִיאָ֡ב וּבְנָיָהוּ֩ וְעֹבֵ֨ד אֱדֹ֜ם וֽ͏ִיעִיאֵ֗ל בִּכְלֵ֤י נְבָלִים֙ וּבְכִנֹּר֔וֹת וְאָסָ֖ף בַּֽמְצִלְתַּ֥יִם מַשְׁמִֽיעַ׃", "text": "*ʾāsāp* [Asaph] *hārōʾš* [the chief] and *mišnēhû* [his second] *zĕkaryâ* [Zechariah]; *yĕʿîʾēl* [Jeiel] and *šĕmîrāmôt* [Shemiramoth] and *yĕḥîʾēl* [Jehiel] and *mattityâ* [Mattithiah] and *ʾĕlîʾāb* [Eliab] and *bĕnāyāhû* [Benaiah] and *ʿōbēd ʾĕdōm* [Obed-edom] and *yĕʿîʾēl* [Jeiel] with *kĕlê nĕbālîm* [instruments of harps] and with *kinnôrôt* [lyres], and *ʾāsāp* [Asaph] with *mĕṣiltayim* [cymbals] *mašmîaʿ* [sounding].", "grammar": { "*hārōʾš*": "definite article + singular noun - the chief/head", "*mišnēhû*": "singular noun + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his second/deputy", "*kĕlê*": "construct plural of *kĕlî* - instruments of/vessels of", "*nĕbālîm*": "plural noun - harps/psalteries", "*kinnôrôt*": "plural noun - lyres/harps", "*mĕṣiltayim*": "dual noun - cymbals (pair of)", "*mašmîaʿ*": "hiphil participle masculine singular - sounding/causing to hear", "*bĕ-* (prefix)": "preposition - with/in/by", "*wĕ-* (prefix)": "conjunction - and" }, "variants": { "*rōʾš*": "head/chief/top", "*mišneh*": "second/deputy/copy", "*kĕlî*": "vessel/instrument/article", "*nēbel*": "harp/psaltery/jar", "*kinnôr*": "lyre/harp/stringed instrument", "*mĕṣiltayim*": "cymbals/pair of cymbals", "*mašmîaʿ*": "sounding/making heard/announcing" } } 6 { "verseID": "1 Chronicles.16.6", "source": "וּבְנָיָ֥הוּ וְיַחֲזִיאֵ֖ל הַכֹּהֲנִ֑ים בַּחֲצֹצְר֣וֹת תָּמִ֔יד לִפְנֵ֖י אֲר֥וֹן בְּרִית־הָאֱלֹהִֽים׃", "text": "And *bĕnāyāhû* [Benaiah] and *yaḥăzîʾēl* [Jahaziel] *hakkōhănîm* [the priests] with *ḥăṣōṣĕrôt* [trumpets] *tāmîd* [continually] before *ʾărôn* [ark of] *bĕrît*-*hāʾĕlōhîm* [covenant-the God].", "grammar": { "*hakkōhănîm*": "definite article + plural noun - the priests", "*ḥăṣōṣĕrôt*": "plural noun - trumpets", "*tāmîd*": "adverb - continually/regularly/perpetually", "*ʾărôn*": "construct state - ark of", "*bĕrît*": "construct state - covenant of", "*hāʾĕlōhîm*": "definite article + plural noun - the God", "*bĕ-* (prefix)": "preposition - with/in/by", "*li-pnê* (compound)": "preposition - before/in front of", "*wĕ-* (prefix)": "conjunction - and" }, "variants": { "*ḥăṣōṣĕrâ*": "trumpet/clarion", "*tāmîd*": "continually/regularly/perpetually" } } 7 { "verseID": "1 Chronicles.16.7", "source": "בַּיּ֣וֹם הַה֗וּא אָ֣ז נָתַ֤ן דָּוִיד֙ בָּרֹ֔אשׁ לְהֹד֖וֹת לַיהוָ֑ה בְּיַד־אָסָ֖ף וְאֶחָֽיו׃ פ", "text": "In *yôm* [day] *hahûʾ* [that] *ʾāz* [then] *nātan* [gave/committed] *dāwîd* [David] *bārōʾš* [at the first/beginning] for *yādâ* [giving thanks] to *YHWH* [the LORD] by *yad*-*ʾāsāp* [hand of-Asaph] and his *ʾaḥ* [brothers].", "grammar": { "*nātan*": "qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - he gave/committed/appointed", "*yādâ*": "hiphil infinitive construct - to give thanks/praise", "*hahûʾ*": "definite article + demonstrative pronoun masculine singular - that", "*yôm*": "singular noun - day", "*bārōʾš*": "preposition + definite article + singular noun - at the first/beginning/chief", "*yad*": "construct state - hand of", "*ʾaḥ*": "plural construct + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his brothers", "*ʾāz*": "adverb - then/at that time", "*bĕ-* (prefix)": "preposition - in/on", "*lĕ-* (prefix)": "preposition - for/to", "*wĕ-* (prefix)": "conjunction - and" }, "variants": { "*nātan*": "give/commit/appoint", "*yādâ*": "give thanks/praise/confess", "*rōʾš*": "head/beginning/first", "*yad*": "hand/power/agency", "*ʾāz*": "then/at that time" } } 8 { "verseID": "1 Chronicles.16.8", "source": "הוֹד֤וּ לַֽיהוָה֙ קִרְא֣וּ בִשְׁמ֔וֹ הוֹדִ֥יעוּ בָעַמִּ֖ים עֲלִילֹתָֽיו׃", "text": "*yādâ* [Give thanks] to *YHWH* [the LORD], *qārāʾ* [call] on his *šēm* [name], *yādaʿ* [make known] among *ʿammîm* [peoples] his *ʿălîlâ* [deeds].", "grammar": { "*yādâ*": "hiphil imperative masculine plural - give thanks!", "*qārāʾ*": "qal imperative masculine plural - call!", "*yādaʿ*": "hiphil imperative masculine plural - make known!", "*šēm*": "singular noun + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his name", "*ʿammîm*": "plural noun - peoples/nations", "*ʿălîlâ*": "plural noun + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his deeds/actions", "*bĕ-* (prefix)": "preposition - in/on/among", "*lǎ-* (prefix)": "preposition - to/for" }, "variants": { "*yādâ*": "give thanks/praise/confess", "*qārāʾ*": "call/proclaim/read", "*yādaʿ*": "know/make known/inform", "*šēm*": "name/reputation/character", "*ʿammîm*": "peoples/nations/tribes", "*ʿălîlâ*": "deeds/actions/practices" } } 9 { "verseID": "1 Chronicles.16.9", "source": "שִׁ֤ירוּ לוֹ֙ זַמְּרוּ־ל֔וֹ שִׂ֖יחוּ בְּכָל־נִפְלְאֹתָֽיו׃", "text": "*šîr* [Sing] to him, *zāmar* [sing praises] to him, *śîaḥ* [meditate] on all his *niplāʾôt* [wonders].", "grammar": { "*šîr*": "qal imperative masculine plural - sing!", "*zāmar*": "piel imperative masculine plural - sing praises!", "*śîaḥ*": "qal imperative masculine plural - meditate/speak!", "*niplāʾôt*": "niphal participle feminine plural + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his wonders/marvelous works", "*lô*": "preposition + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - to him", "*bĕ-* (prefix)": "preposition - on/in", "*kol-* (prefix)": "construct state - all of" }, "variants": { "*šîr*": "sing/chant", "*zāmar*": "sing praises/make music", "*śîaḥ*": "meditate/speak/muse", "*niplāʾôt*": "wonders/marvelous works/miracles" } } 10 { "verseID": "1 Chronicles.16.10", "source": "הִֽתְהֽ͏ַלְלוּ֙ בְּשֵׁ֣ם קָדְשׁ֔וֹ יִשְׂמַ֕ח לֵ֖ב מְבַקְשֵׁ֥י יְהוָֽה׃", "text": "*hālal* [Glory] in *šēm* [name] of his *qōdeš* [holiness], let *śāmaḥ* [rejoice] *lēb* [heart] of *bāqaš* [seekers] of *YHWH* [the LORD].", "grammar": { "*hālal*": "hithpael imperative masculine plural - glory!/boast!/praise!", "*šēm*": "construct state - name of", "*qōdeš*": "singular noun + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his holiness/sanctity", "*śāmaḥ*": "qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular jussive - let rejoice", "*lēb*": "construct state - heart of", "*bāqaš*": "piel participle masculine plural construct - seekers of", "*bĕ-* (prefix)": "preposition - in" }, "variants": { "*hālal*": "praise/glorify/boast", "*šēm*": "name/reputation/character", "*qōdeš*": "holiness/sanctity/sacredness", "*śāmaḥ*": "rejoice/be glad", "*lēb*": "heart/mind/inner person", "*bāqaš*": "seek/search for/require" } } 11 { "verseID": "1 Chronicles.16.11", "source": "דִּרְשׁ֤וּ יְהוָה֙ וְעֻזּ֔וֹ בַּקְּשׁ֥וּ פָנָ֖יו תָּמִֽיד׃", "text": "*dāraš* [Seek] *YHWH* [the LORD] and his *ʿōz* [strength], *bāqaš* [seek] his *pānîm* [face] *tāmîd* [continually].", "grammar": { "*dāraš*": "qal imperative masculine plural - seek!", "*bāqaš*": "piel imperative masculine plural - seek!", "*ʿōz*": "singular noun + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his strength/might", "*pānîm*": "plural noun + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his face", "*tāmîd*": "adverb - continually/constantly", "*wĕ-* (prefix)": "conjunction - and" }, "variants": { "*dāraš*": "seek/inquire/require", "*ʿōz*": "strength/might/power", "*bāqaš*": "seek/search for/require", "*pānîm*": "face/presence/surface", "*tāmîd*": "continually/constantly/regularly" } } 12 { "verseID": "1 Chronicles.16.12", "source": "זִכְר֗וּ נִפְלְאֹתָיו֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר עָשָׂ֔ה מֹפְתָ֖יו וּמִשְׁפְּטֵי־פִֽיהוּ׃", "text": "*zākar* [Remember] his *niplāʾôt* [wonders] which he *ʿāśâ* [did], his *môpēt* [signs] and *mišpāṭ*-of his *peh* [judgments of his mouth].", "grammar": { "*zākar*": "qal imperative masculine plural - remember!", "*niplāʾôt*": "niphal participle feminine plural + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his wonders", "*ʿāśâ*": "qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - he did/made", "*môpēt*": "plural noun + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his signs/wonders", "*mišpāṭ*": "plural construct - judgments of", "*peh*": "singular noun + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his mouth", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which/that", "*wĕ-* (prefix)": "conjunction - and" }, "variants": { "*zākar*": "remember/recall/mention", "*niplāʾôt*": "wonders/marvelous works/miracles", "*ʿāśâ*": "do/make/accomplish", "*môpēt*": "sign/wonder/portent", "*mišpāṭ*": "judgment/ordinance/decision", "*peh*": "mouth/opening/speech" } } 13 { "verseID": "1 Chronicles.16.13", "source": "זֶ֚רַע יִשְׂרָאֵ֣ל עַבְדּ֔וֹ בְּנֵ֥י יַעֲקֹ֖ב בְּחִירָֽיו׃", "text": "*zeraʿ* [Seed] of *yiśrāʾēl* [Israel] his *ʿebed* [servant], *bĕnê* [sons] of *yaʿăqōb* [Jacob] his *bāḥîr* [chosen ones].", "grammar": { "*zeraʿ*": "construct state - seed of/offspring of", "*ʿebed*": "singular noun + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his servant", "*bĕnê*": "plural construct - sons of", "*bāḥîr*": "qal passive participle masculine plural + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his chosen ones" }, "variants": { "*zeraʿ*": "seed/offspring/descendants", "*ʿebed*": "servant/slave", "*bĕnê*": "sons/children/descendants", "*bāḥîr*": "chosen one/elect" } } 14 { "verseID": "1 Chronicles.16.14", "source": "ה֚וּא יְהוָ֣ה אֱלֹהֵ֔ינוּ בְּכָל־הָאָ֖רֶץ מִשְׁפָּטָֽיו׃", "text": "*hûʾ* [He] *YHWH* [the LORD] our *ʾĕlōhîm* [God], in all-*hāʾāreṣ* [the earth] his *mišpāṭ* [judgments].", "grammar": { "*hûʾ*": "3rd person masculine singular pronoun - he", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "plural noun + 1st person plural suffix - our God", "*hāʾāreṣ*": "definite article + singular noun - the earth/land", "*mišpāṭ*": "plural noun + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his judgments", "*bĕ-* (prefix)": "preposition - in", "*kol-* (prefix)": "construct state - all of" }, "variants": { "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "God/gods/divine beings", "*ʾāreṣ*": "earth/land/ground", "*mišpāṭ*": "judgment/ordinance/decision" } } 15 { "verseID": "1 Chronicles.16.15", "source": "זִכְר֤וּ לְעוֹלָם֙ בְּרִית֔וֹ דָּבָ֥ר צִוָּ֖ה לְאֶ֥לֶף דּֽוֹר׃", "text": "*zākar* [Remember] to *ʿôlām* [forever] his *bĕrît* [covenant], *dābār* [word] he *ṣāwâ* [commanded] to *ʾelep* [thousand] *dôr* [generation].", "grammar": { "*zākar*": "qal imperative masculine plural - remember!", "*ʿôlām*": "singular noun - forever/eternity", "*bĕrît*": "singular noun + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his covenant", "*dābār*": "singular noun absolute - word", "*ṣāwâ*": "piel perfect 3rd person masculine singular - he commanded", "*ʾelep*": "construct state - thousand of", "*dôr*": "singular noun - generation", "*lĕ-* (prefix)": "preposition - to/for" }, "variants": { "*zākar*": "remember/recall/mention", "*ʿôlām*": "forever/eternity/long duration", "*bĕrît*": "covenant/agreement/treaty", "*dābār*": "word/speech/thing", "*ṣāwâ*": "command/order/charge", "*dôr*": "generation/age/period" } } 16 { "verseID": "1 Chronicles.16.16", "source": "אֲשֶׁ֤ר כָּרַת֙ אֶת־אַבְרָהָ֔ם וּשְׁבוּעָת֖וֹ לְיִצְחָֽק׃", "text": "Which he *kārat* [cut/made] with-*ʾabrāhām* [Abraham], and his *šĕbûʿâ* [oath] to *yiṣḥāq* [Isaac].", "grammar": { "*kārat*": "qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - he cut/made (covenant)", "*šĕbûʿâ*": "singular noun + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his oath", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which/that", "*ʾet-*": "direct object marker - with", "*lĕ-* (prefix)": "preposition - to", "*wĕ-* (prefix)": "conjunction - and" }, "variants": { "*kārat*": "cut/make (covenant)/eliminate", "*šĕbûʿâ*": "oath/sworn statement" } } 17 { "verseID": "1 Chronicles.16.17", "source": "וַיַעֲמִידֶ֤הָ לְיַעֲקֹב֙ לְחֹ֔ק לְיִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל בְּרִ֥ית עוֹלָֽם׃", "text": "And he *ʿāmad* [established] it to *yaʿăqōb* [Jacob] for *ḥōq* [statute], to *yiśrāʾēl* [Israel] *bĕrît* [covenant] *ʿôlām* [everlasting].", "grammar": { "*wǎy-* (prefix)": "consecutive waw - and then/so", "*ʿāmad*": "hiphil imperfect 3rd person masculine singular with 3rd person feminine singular suffix with waw consecutive - he established it", "*ḥōq*": "singular noun - statute/decree", "*bĕrît*": "construct state - covenant of", "*ʿôlām*": "singular noun - everlasting/eternal", "*lĕ-* (prefix)": "preposition - to/for" }, "variants": { "*ʿāmad*": "stand/establish/confirm", "*ḥōq*": "statute/decree/ordinance", "*bĕrît*": "covenant/agreement/treaty", "*ʿôlām*": "everlasting/eternal/perpetual" } } 18 { "verseID": "1 Chronicles.16.18", "source": "לֵאמֹ֗ר לְךָ֙ אֶתֵּ֣ן אֶֽרֶץ־כְּנָ֔עַן חֶ֖בֶל נַחֲלַתְכֶֽם׃", "text": "*ʾāmar* [Saying], \"To you I *nātan* [will give] *ʾereṣ*-*kĕnaʿan* [land-Canaan], *ḥebel* [portion] of your *naḥălâ* [inheritance].\"", "grammar": { "*ʾāmar*": "qal infinitive construct - saying", "*nātan*": "qal imperfect 1st person common singular - I will give", "*ʾereṣ*": "construct state - land of", "*ḥebel*": "construct state - portion of/measuring line of", "*naḥălâ*": "singular noun + 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your inheritance", "*lĕ-* (prefix)": "preposition - to", "*lĕkā*": "preposition + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - to you" }, "variants": { "*ʾāmar*": "say/speak/tell", "*nātan*": "give/put/set", "*ʾereṣ*": "land/earth/territory", "*ḥebel*": "portion/lot/measuring line", "*naḥălâ*": "inheritance/possession/property" } } 19 { "verseID": "1 Chronicles.16.19", "source": "בִּֽהְיֽוֹתְכֶם֙ מְתֵ֣י מִסְפָּ֔ר כִּמְעַ֖ט וְגָרִ֥ים בָּֽהּ׃", "text": "When you were *mĕtê* [men of] *mispār* [number], *kiṃʿaṭ* [a few] and *gēr* [sojourners] in it.", "grammar": { "*hāyâ*": "qal infinitive construct + 2nd person masculine plural suffix - when you were", "*mĕtê*": "plural construct - men of", "*mispār*": "singular noun - number", "*kiṃʿaṭ*": "preposition + noun - as a few/almost", "*gēr*": "qal participle masculine plural - sojourners/strangers", "*bĕ-* (prefix)": "preposition - in/at", "*bāh*": "preposition + 3rd person feminine singular suffix - in it", "*wĕ-* (prefix)": "conjunction - and" }, "variants": { "*mĕtê*": "men/people/mortals", "*mispār*": "number/few/count", "*gēr*": "sojourner/stranger/alien", "*mĕʿaṭ*": "few/little/small" } } 20 { "verseID": "1 Chronicles.16.20", "source": "וַיִּֽתְהַלְּכוּ֙ מִגּ֣וֹי אֶל־גּ֔וֹי וּמִמַמְּלָכָ֖ה אֶל־עַ֥ם אַחֵֽר׃", "text": "And they *hālak* [went about] from *gôy* [nation] to-*gôy* [nation], and from *mamlākâ* [kingdom] to-*ʿam* [people] *ʾaḥēr* [another].", "grammar": { "*wǎy-* (prefix)": "consecutive waw - and then/so", "*hālak*": "hithpael imperfect 3rd person masculine plural with waw consecutive - they went about/wandered", "*gôy*": "singular noun - nation", "*mamlākâ*": "singular noun - kingdom", "*ʿam*": "singular noun - people", "*ʾaḥēr*": "adjective masculine singular - another/other", "*min-* (prefix)": "preposition - from", "*ʾel-* (prefix)": "preposition - to" }, "variants": { "*hālak*": "go/walk/travel", "*gôy*": "nation/people/gentiles", "*mamlākâ*": "kingdom/dominion/reign", "*ʿam*": "people/nation/kinsmen", "*ʾaḥēr*": "another/other/different" } } 21 { "verseID": "1 Chronicles.16.21", "source": "לֹא־הִנִּ֤יחַ לְאִישׁ֙ לְעָשְׁקָ֔ם וַיּ֥וֹכַח עֲלֵיהֶ֖ם מְלָכִֽים׃", "text": "Not he *nûaḥ* [allowed] *lĕʾîš* [anyone] to *ʿāšaq* [oppress] them, and he *yākaḥ* [rebuked] *ʿal*-them *mĕlākîm* [kings].", "grammar": { "*nûaḥ*": "hiphil perfect 3rd person masculine singular - he allowed/permitted", "*ʿāšaq*": "qal infinitive construct + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - to oppress them", "*yākaḥ*": "hiphil imperfect 3rd person masculine singular with waw consecutive - he rebuked/reproved", "*mĕlākîm*": "plural noun - kings", "*lōʾ-* (prefix)": "negative particle - not", "*lĕ-* (prefix)": "preposition - to/for", "*ʿal*": "preposition + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - on/concerning them", "*wǎy-* (prefix)": "consecutive waw - and then/so" }, "variants": { "*nûaḥ*": "allow/permit/let rest", "*ʿāšaq*": "oppress/wrong/exploit", "*yākaḥ*": "rebuke/reprove/correct", "*ʾîš*": "man/anyone/each" } } 22 { "verseID": "1 Chronicles.16.22", "source": "אַֽל־תִּגְּעוּ֙ בִּמְשִׁיחָ֔י וּבִנְבִיאַ֖י אַל־תָּרֵֽעוּ׃ פ", "text": "*ʾal*-*nāgaʿ* [Do not touch] in my *māšîaḥ* [anointed ones], and in my *nābîʾ* [prophets] *ʾal*-*rāʿaʿ* [do not harm].", "grammar": { "*nāgaʿ*": "qal imperfect 2nd person masculine plural jussive - do not touch", "*rāʿaʿ*": "hiphil imperfect 2nd person masculine plural jussive - do not harm/injure", "*māšîaḥ*": "qal passive participle masculine plural + 1st person common singular suffix - my anointed ones", "*nābîʾ*": "plural noun + 1st person common singular suffix - my prophets", "*ʾal-* (prefix)": "negative particle with jussive - do not", "*bĕ-* (prefix)": "preposition - in/on", "*wĕ-* (prefix)": "conjunction - and" }, "variants": { "*nāgaʿ*": "touch/strike/reach", "*rāʿaʿ*": "harm/do evil/injure", "*māšîaḥ*": "anointed one/messiah", "*nābîʾ*": "prophet/spokesperson" } } 23 { "verseID": "1 Chronicles.16.23", "source": "שִׁ֤ירוּ לַֽיהוָה֙ כָּל־הָאָ֔רֶץ בַּשְּׂר֥וּ מִיּֽוֹם־אֶל־י֖וֹם יְשׁוּעָתֽוֹ׃", "text": "*šîr* [Sing] to *YHWH* [the LORD], all-*hāʾāreṣ* [the earth]; *bāśar* [proclaim] from day-to-day his *yĕšûʿâ* [salvation].", "grammar": { "*šîr*": "qal imperative masculine plural - sing!", "*bāśar*": "piel imperative masculine plural - proclaim/bring good news!", "*hāʾāreṣ*": "definite article + singular noun - the earth/land", "*yĕšûʿâ*": "singular noun + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his salvation", "*yôm*": "singular noun - day", "*kol-* (prefix)": "construct state - all of", "*lǎ-* (prefix)": "preposition - to", "*min-* (prefix)": "preposition - from", "*ʾel-* (prefix)": "preposition - to" }, "variants": { "*šîr*": "sing/chant", "*bāśar*": "proclaim/bring good news/announce", "*ʾāreṣ*": "earth/land/ground", "*yĕšûʿâ*": "salvation/deliverance/victory" } } 24 { "verseID": "1 Chronicles.16.24", "source": "סַפְּר֤וּ בַגּוֹיִם֙ אֶת־כְּבוֹד֔וֹ בְּכָל־הָעַמִּ֖ים נִפְלְאֹתָֽיו׃", "text": "*sāpar* [Declare] among the *gôyim* [nations] *ʾēt*-his *kābôd* [glory], among all-*hāʿammîm* [the peoples] his *niplāʾôt* [wonders].", "grammar": { "*sāpar*": "piel imperative masculine plural - declare/tell!", "*gôyim*": "definite article + plural noun - the nations", "*kābôd*": "singular noun + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his glory", "*hāʿammîm*": "definite article + plural noun - the peoples", "*niplāʾôt*": "niphal participle feminine plural + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his wonders", "*bĕ-* (prefix)": "preposition - among/in", "*ʾēt*": "direct object marker", "*kol-* (prefix)": "construct state - all of" }, "variants": { "*sāpar*": "declare/tell/recount", "*gôyim*": "nations/gentiles/peoples", "*kābôd*": "glory/honor/abundance", "*ʿammîm*": "peoples/nations/tribes", "*niplāʾôt*": "wonders/marvelous works/miracles" } } 25 { "verseID": "1 Chronicles.16.25", "source": "כִּי֩ גָד֨וֹל יְהוָ֤ה וּמְהֻלָּל֙ מְאֹ֔ד וְנוֹרָ֥א ה֖וּא עַל־כָּל־אֱלֹהִֽים׃", "text": "For *gādôl* [great] *YHWH* [the LORD] and *hālal* [praised] *mĕʾōd* [greatly], and *yārēʾ* [feared] *hûʾ* [is he] above-all-*ʾĕlōhîm* [gods].", "grammar": { "*gādôl*": "adjective masculine singular - great", "*hālal*": "pual participle masculine singular - praised", "*mĕʾōd*": "adverb - greatly/exceedingly", "*yārēʾ*": "niphal participle masculine singular - feared/awesome", "*hûʾ*": "3rd person masculine singular pronoun - he/it", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "plural noun - gods", "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*wĕ-* (prefix)": "conjunction - and", "*ʿal-* (prefix)": "preposition - above/over", "*kol-* (prefix)": "construct state - all of" }, "variants": { "*gādôl*": "great/large/important", "*hālal*": "praised/celebrated/commended", "*mĕʾōd*": "greatly/exceedingly/very", "*yārēʾ*": "feared/awesome/terrible", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "gods/divine beings" } } 26 { "verseID": "1 Chronicles.16.26", "source": "כִּ֠י כָּל־אֱלֹהֵ֤י הָעַמִּים֙ אֱלִילִ֔ים וַיהוָ֖ה שָׁמַ֥יִם עָשָֽׂה׃", "text": "For all-*ʾĕlōhê* [gods of] *hāʿammîm* [the peoples] are *ʾĕlîlîm* [idols], but *YHWH* [the LORD] *šāmayim* [heavens] *ʿāśâ* [made].", "grammar": { "*ʾĕlōhê*": "construct plural - gods of", "*hāʿammîm*": "definite article + plural noun - the peoples", "*ʾĕlîlîm*": "plural noun - idols/worthless things", "*šāmayim*": "plural noun - heavens/sky", "*ʿāśâ*": "qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - he made", "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*kol-* (prefix)": "construct state - all of", "*wǎ-* (prefix)": "conjunction - but/and" }, "variants": { "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "gods/divine beings", "*ʿammîm*": "peoples/nations/tribes", "*ʾĕlîlîm*": "idols/worthless things/nothings", "*šāmayim*": "heavens/sky", "*ʿāśâ*": "make/do/create" } } 27 { "verseID": "1 Chronicles.16.27", "source": "ה֤וֹד וְהָדָר֙ לְפָנָ֔יו עֹ֥ז וְחֶדְוָ֖ה בִּמְקֹמֽוֹ׃", "text": "*hôd* [Splendor] and *hādār* [majesty] before him, *ʿōz* [strength] and *ḥedwâ* [joy] in his *māqôm* [place].", "grammar": { "*hôd*": "singular noun - splendor/majesty", "*hādār*": "singular noun - majesty/splendor", "*ʿōz*": "singular noun - strength/might", "*ḥedwâ*": "singular noun - joy/gladness", "*māqôm*": "singular noun + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his place", "*lĕ-pānāw*": "preposition + plural noun + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - before him", "*bĕ-* (prefix)": "preposition - in", "*wĕ-* (prefix)": "conjunction - and" }, "variants": { "*hôd*": "splendor/majesty/glory", "*hādār*": "majesty/splendor/honor", "*ʿōz*": "strength/might/power", "*ḥedwâ*": "joy/gladness", "*māqôm*": "place/location/dwelling" } } 28 { "verseID": "1 Chronicles.16.28", "source": "הָב֤וּ לַֽיהוָה֙ מִשְׁפְּח֣וֹת עַמִּ֔ים הָב֥וּ לַיהוָ֖ה כָּב֥וֹד וָעֹֽז׃", "text": "*yāhab* [Ascribe] to *YHWH* [the LORD], *mišpāḥôt* [families of] *ʿammîm* [peoples], *yāhab* [ascribe] to *YHWH* [the LORD] *kābôd* [glory] and *ʿōz* [strength].", "grammar": { "*yāhab*": "qal imperative masculine plural - ascribe/give!", "*mišpāḥôt*": "plural construct - families of", "*ʿammîm*": "plural noun - peoples", "*kābôd*": "singular noun - glory/honor", "*ʿōz*": "singular noun - strength", "*lǎ-* (prefix)": "preposition - to", "*wā-* (prefix)": "conjunction - and" }, "variants": { "*yāhab*": "give/ascribe/provide", "*mišpāḥâ*": "family/clan/kind", "*ʿammîm*": "peoples/nations/tribes", "*kābôd*": "glory/honor/abundance", "*ʿōz*": "strength/might/power" } } 29 { "verseID": "1 Chronicles.16.29", "source": "הָב֥וּ לַיהוָ֖ה כְּב֣וֹד שְׁמ֑וֹ שְׂא֤וּ מִנְחָה֙ וּבֹ֣אוּ לְפָנָ֔יו הִשְׁתַּחֲו֥וּ לַיהוָ֖ה בְּהַדְרַת־קֹֽדֶשׁ׃", "text": "*yāhab* [Ascribe] to *YHWH* [the LORD] *kĕbôd* [glory] of his *šēm* [name]; *nāśāʾ* [bring] *minḥâ* [offering] and *bôʾ* [come] before him, *šāḥâ* [worship] to *YHWH* [the LORD] in *hadrat*-*qōdeš* [splendor of holiness].", "grammar": { "*yāhab*": "qal imperative masculine plural - ascribe/give!", "*kĕbôd*": "construct state - glory of", "*šēm*": "singular noun + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his name", "*nāśāʾ*": "qal imperative masculine plural - bring/lift!", "*minḥâ*": "singular noun - offering/gift/tribute", "*bôʾ*": "qal imperative masculine plural - come!", "*šāḥâ*": "hishtaphel imperative masculine plural - worship/bow down!", "*hadrat*": "construct state - splendor of/beauty of", "*qōdeš*": "singular noun - holiness/sacredness", "*lǎ-* (prefix)": "preposition - to", "*bĕ-* (prefix)": "preposition - in", "*lĕ-pānāw*": "preposition + plural noun + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - before him", "*wĕ-* (prefix)": "conjunction - and" }, "variants": { "*yāhab*": "give/ascribe/provide", "*kābôd*": "glory/honor/abundance", "*šēm*": "name/reputation/character", "*nāśāʾ*": "bring/lift/carry", "*minḥâ*": "offering/gift/tribute", "*bôʾ*": "come/enter/arrive", "*šāḥâ*": "worship/bow down/prostrate", "*hādār*": "splendor/glory/majesty", "*qōdeš*": "holiness/sacredness" } } 30 { "verseID": "1 Chronicles.16.30", "source": "חִ֤ילוּ מִלְּפָנָיו֙ כָּל־הָאָ֔רֶץ אַף־תִּכּ֥וֹן תֵּבֵ֖ל בַּל־תִּמּֽוֹט׃", "text": "*ḥîl* [Tremble] from before him, all-*hāʾāreṣ* [the earth]; *ʾap*-*kûn* [indeed established] *tēbēl* [world] *bal*-*môṭ* [not to be moved].", "grammar": { "*ḥîl*": "qal imperative masculine plural - tremble!", "*hāʾāreṣ*": "definite article + singular noun - the earth", "*kûn*": "niphal imperfect 3rd person feminine singular - it is established", "*tēbēl*": "singular noun - world/inhabited earth", "*môṭ*": "niphal imperfect 3rd person feminine singular - it is moved", "*min-lĕ-pānāw*": "compound preposition + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - from before him", "*kol-* (prefix)": "construct state - all of", "*ʾap-* (prefix)": "conjunction - also/indeed", "*bal-* (prefix)": "negative particle - not" }, "variants": { "*ḥîl*": "tremble/writhe/be in anguish", "*ʾāreṣ*": "earth/land/ground", "*kûn*": "establish/prepare/fix", "*tēbēl*": "world/inhabited earth", "*môṭ*": "move/shake/totter" } } 31 { "verseID": "1 Chronicles.16.31", "source": "יִשְׂמְח֤וּ הַשָּׁמַ֙יִם֙ וְתָגֵ֣ל הָאָ֔רֶץ וְיֹאמְר֥וּ בַגּוֹיִ֖ם יְהוָ֥ה מָלָֽךְ׃", "text": "*śāmaḥ* [Let rejoice] *haššāmayim* [the heavens] and *gîl* [let rejoice] *hāʾāreṣ* [the earth], and let them *ʾāmar* [say] among the *gôyim* [nations], \"*YHWH* [The LORD] *mālak* [reigns].\"", "grammar": { "*śāmaḥ*": "qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural jussive - let them rejoice", "*gîl*": "qal imperfect 3rd person feminine singular jussive - let it rejoice", "*ʾāmar*": "qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural jussive - let them say", "*mālak*": "qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - he reigned/became king", "*haššāmayim*": "definite article + plural noun - the heavens", "*hāʾāreṣ*": "definite article + singular noun - the earth", "*gôyim*": "definite article + plural noun - the nations", "*bǎ-* (prefix)": "preposition - among", "*wĕ-* (prefix)": "conjunction - and" }, "variants": { "*śāmaḥ*": "rejoice/be glad", "*gîl*": "rejoice/be glad/exult", "*ʾāmar*": "say/speak/tell", "*mālak*": "reign/rule/be king", "*šāmayim*": "heavens/sky", "*ʾāreṣ*": "earth/land/ground", "*gôyim*": "nations/gentiles/peoples" } } 32 { "verseID": "1 Chronicles.16.32", "source": "יִרְעַ֤ם הַיָּם֙ וּמְלוֹא֔וֹ יַעֲלֹ֥ץ הַשָּׂדֶ֖ה וְכָל־אֲשֶׁר־בּֽוֹ׃", "text": "*rāʿam* [Let roar] *hayyām* [the sea] and its *mĕlōʾ* [fullness], *ʿālaṣ* [let exult] *haśśādeh* [the field] and all-that-in it.", "grammar": { "*rāʿam*": "qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular jussive - let it roar", "*ʿālaṣ*": "qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular jussive - let it exult", "*hayyām*": "definite article + singular noun - the sea", "*mĕlōʾ*": "singular noun + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - its fullness", "*haśśādeh*": "definite article + singular noun - the field", "*bô*": "preposition + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - in it", "*wĕ-* (prefix)": "conjunction - and", "*kol-* (prefix)": "construct state - all of", "*ʾăšer-* (prefix)": "relative pronoun - that/which" }, "variants": { "*rāʿam*": "roar/thunder", "*ʿālaṣ*": "exult/rejoice/triumph", "*yām*": "sea/ocean", "*mĕlōʾ*": "fullness/that which fills", "*śādeh*": "field/land/countryside" } } 33 { "verseID": "1 Chronicles.16.33", "source": "אָ֥ז יְרַנְּנ֖וּ עֲצֵ֣י הַיָּ֑עַר מִלִּפְנֵ֣י יְהוָ֔ה כִּי־בָ֖א לִשְׁפּ֥וֹט אֶת־הָאָֽרֶץ׃", "text": "*ʾāz* [Then] *rānan* [will sing] *ʿăṣê* [trees of] *hayyāʿar* [the forest] from before *YHWH* [the LORD], for he *bôʾ* [comes] to *šāpaṭ* [judge] *ʾēt*-*hāʾāreṣ* [the earth].", "grammar": { "*rānan*": "piel imperfect 3rd person masculine plural - they will sing/shout for joy", "*ʿăṣê*": "plural construct - trees of", "*hayyāʿar*": "definite article + singular noun - the forest", "*bôʾ*": "qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - he came/comes", "*šāpaṭ*": "qal infinitive construct - to judge", "*hāʾāreṣ*": "definite article + singular noun - the earth", "*ʾāz*": "adverb - then/at that time", "*min-li-pnê* (compound)": "compound preposition - from before", "*kî-* (prefix)": "conjunction - for/because", "*lĕ-* (prefix)": "preposition - to/for", "*ʾēt*": "direct object marker" }, "variants": { "*rānan*": "sing/shout for joy/cry out", "*ʿēṣ*": "tree/wood", "*yaʿar*": "forest/thicket/honeycomb", "*bôʾ*": "come/enter/arrive", "*šāpaṭ*": "judge/govern/vindicate", "*ʾāreṣ*": "earth/land/ground", "*ʾāz*": "then/at that time" } } 34 { "verseID": "1 Chronicles.16.34", "source": "הוֹד֤וּ לַיהוָה֙ כִּ֣י ט֔וֹב כִּ֥י לְעוֹלָ֖ם חַסְדּֽוֹ׃", "text": "*yādâ* [Give thanks] to *YHWH* [the LORD] for *ṭôb* [good], for to *ʿôlām* [forever] his *ḥesed* [lovingkindness].", "grammar": { "*yādâ*": "hiphil imperative masculine plural - give thanks!", "*ṭôb*": "adjective masculine singular - good", "*ʿôlām*": "singular noun - forever/eternity", "*ḥesed*": "singular noun + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his lovingkindness", "*lǎ-* (prefix)": "preposition - to", "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*lĕ-* (prefix)": "preposition - to" }, "variants": { "*yādâ*": "give thanks/praise/confess", "*ṭôb*": "good/pleasant/agreeable", "*ʿôlām*": "forever/eternity/ancient time", "*ḥesed*": "lovingkindness/steadfast love/mercy" } } 35 { "verseID": "1 Chronicles.16.35", "source": "וְאִמְר֕וּ הוֹשִׁיעֵ֙נוּ֙ אֱלֹהֵ֣י יִשְׁעֵ֔נוּ וְקַבְּצֵ֥נוּ וְהַצִּילֵ֖נוּ מִן־הַגּוֹיִ֑ם לְהֹדוֹת֙ לְשֵׁ֣ם קָדְשֶׁ֔ךָ לְהִשְׁתַּבֵּ֖חַ בִּתְהִלָּתֶֽךָ׃", "text": "And *ʾāmar* [say]: \"*yāšaʿ* [Save] us, *ʾĕlōhê* [God of] our *yēšaʿ* [salvation], and *qābaṣ* [gather] us and *nāṣal* [deliver] us from-*haggôyim* [the nations], to *yādâ* [give thanks] to *šēm* [name] of your *qōdeš* [holiness], to *šābaḥ* [glory] in your *tĕhillâ* [praise].\"", "grammar": { "*ʾāmar*": "qal imperative masculine plural - say!", "*yāšaʿ*": "hiphil imperative masculine singular + 1st person plural suffix - save us!", "*qābaṣ*": "piel imperative masculine singular + 1st person plural suffix - gather us!", "*nāṣal*": "hiphil imperative masculine singular + 1st person plural suffix - deliver us!", "*yādâ*": "hiphil infinitive construct - to give thanks", "*šābaḥ*": "hithpael infinitive construct - to glory/boast", "*ʾĕlōhê*": "construct state - God of", "*yēšaʿ*": "singular noun + 1st person plural suffix - our salvation", "*haggôyim*": "definite article + plural noun - the nations", "*šēm*": "construct state - name of", "*qōdeš*": "singular noun + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your holiness", "*tĕhillâ*": "singular noun + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your praise", "*wĕ-* (prefix)": "conjunction - and", "*lĕ-* (prefix)": "preposition - to/for", "*min-* (prefix)": "preposition - from", "*bĕ-* (prefix)": "preposition - in" }, "variants": { "*ʾāmar*": "say/speak/tell", "*yāšaʿ*": "save/deliver/help", "*qābaṣ*": "gather/assemble/collect", "*nāṣal*": "deliver/rescue/save", "*yādâ*": "give thanks/praise/confess", "*šābaḥ*": "glory/boast/praise", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "God/gods/divine beings", "*yēšaʿ*": "salvation/deliverance/victory", "*gôyim*": "nations/gentiles/peoples", "*šēm*": "name/reputation/character", "*qōdeš*": "holiness/sanctity/sacredness", "*tĕhillâ*": "praise/song of praise/glory" } } 36 { "verseID": "1 Chronicles.16.36", "source": "בָּר֤וּךְ יְהוָה֙ אֱלֹהֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל מִן־הָעוֹלָ֖ם וְעַ֣ד הָעֹלָ֑ם וַיֹּאמְר֤וּ כָל־הָעָם֙ אָמֵ֔ן וְהַלֵּ֖ל לַֽיהוָֽה׃ פ", "text": "*bārak* [Blessed] *YHWH* [the LORD] *ʾĕlōhê* [God of] *yiśrāʾēl* [Israel] from-*hāʿôlām* [the everlasting] and until-*hāʿōlām* [the everlasting]; and *ʾāmar* [said] all-*hāʿām* [the people], \"*ʾāmēn* [Amen]\" and *hālal* [praise] to *YHWH* [the LORD].", "grammar": { "*bārak*": "qal passive participle masculine singular - blessed", "*ʾĕlōhê*": "construct state - God of", "*ʾāmar*": "qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural with waw consecutive - and they said", "*hālal*": "piel infinitive absolute - praise", "*hāʿôlām*": "definite article + singular noun - the everlasting/eternity", "*hāʿām*": "definite article + singular collective noun - the people", "*ʾāmēn*": "interjection - amen/truly", "*min-* (prefix)": "preposition - from", "*wĕ-* (prefix)": "conjunction - and", "*ʿad-* (prefix)": "preposition - until", "*kol-* (prefix)": "construct state - all of", "*lǎ-* (prefix)": "preposition - to", "*wǎy-* (prefix)": "consecutive waw - and then" }, "variants": { "*bārak*": "blessed/praised", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "God/gods/divine beings", "*ʿôlām*": "everlasting/eternity/antiquity", "*ʾāmar*": "say/speak/tell", "*hālal*": "praise/celebrate/boast", "*ʿām*": "people/nation", "*ʾāmēn*": "amen/truly/certainly" } } 37 { "verseID": "1 Chronicles.16.37", "source": "וַיַּֽעֲזָב־שָׁ֗ם לִפְנֵי֙ אֲר֣וֹן בְּרִית־יְהוָ֔ה לְאָסָ֖ף וּלְאֶחָ֑יו לְשָׁרֵ֞ת לִפְנֵ֧י הָאָר֛וֹן תָּמִ֖יד לִדְבַר־י֥וֹם בְּיוֹמֽוֹ׃", "text": "And he *ʿāzab* [left] there before *ʾărôn* [ark of] *bĕrît*-*YHWH* [covenant-the LORD] *lĕʾāsāp* [for Asaph] and his *ʾaḥ* [brothers], to *šārat* [minister] before *hāʾārôn* [the ark] *tāmîd* [continually] for *dĕbar*-*yôm* [matter of day] in its *yôm* [day].", "grammar": { "*wǎy-* (prefix)": "consecutive waw - and then/so", "*ʿāzab*": "qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular with waw consecutive - he left/abandoned", "*šārat*": "piel infinitive construct - to minister/serve", "*ʾărôn*": "construct state - ark of", "*bĕrît*": "construct state - covenant of", "*ʾaḥ*": "plural noun + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his brothers", "*hāʾārôn*": "definite article + singular noun - the ark", "*tāmîd*": "adverb - continually/perpetually", "*dĕbar*": "construct state - matter of/thing of", "*yôm*": "singular noun - day", "*bĕyômô*": "preposition + singular noun + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - in its day", "*šām*": "adverb - there", "*li-pnê* (compound)": "preposition - before/in front of", "*lĕ-* (prefix)": "preposition - for/to" }, "variants": { "*ʿāzab*": "leave/forsake/abandon", "*šārat*": "minister/serve/attend", "*ʾărôn*": "ark/chest/box", "*bĕrît*": "covenant/agreement/treaty", "*tāmîd*": "continually/perpetually/regularly", "*dābār*": "word/matter/thing", "*yôm*": "day/time/period" } } 38 { "verseID": "1 Chronicles.16.38", "source": "וְעֹבֵ֥ד אֱדֹ֛ם וַאֲחֵיהֶ֖ם שִׁשִּׁ֣ים וּשְׁמוֹנָ֑ה וְעֹבֵ֨ד אֱדֹ֧ם בֶּן־יְדִית֛וּן וְחֹסָ֖ה לְשֹׁעֲרִֽים׃", "text": "And *ʿōbēd ʾĕdōm* [Obed-edom] and their *ʾaḥ* [brothers], sixty and eight; and *ʿōbēd ʾĕdōm* [Obed-edom] *ben*-*yĕdîtûn* [son of Jeduthun] and *ḥōsâ* [Hosah] for *šōʿărîm* [gatekeepers].", "grammar": { "*ʾaḥ*": "plural noun + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their brothers", "*šiššîm*": "cardinal number - sixty", "*šĕmônâ*": "cardinal number - eight", "*ben*": "construct state - son of", "*šōʿărîm*": "qal participle masculine plural - gatekeepers/doorkeepers", "*wĕ-* (prefix)": "conjunction - and", "*lĕ-* (prefix)": "preposition - for" }, "variants": { "*šōʿēr*": "gatekeeper/doorkeeper/porter" } } 39 { "verseID": "1 Chronicles.16.39", "source": "וְאֵ֣ת ׀ צָד֣וֹק הַכֹּהֵ֗ן וְאֶחָיו֙ הַכֹּ֣הֲנִ֔ים לִפְנֵ֖י מִשְׁכַּ֣ן יְהוָ֑ה בַּבָּמָ֖ה אֲשֶׁ֥ר בְּגִבְעֽוֹן׃", "text": "And *ṣādôq* [Zadok] *hakkōhēn* [the priest] and his *ʾaḥ* [brothers] *hakkōhănîm* [the priests] before *miškān* [tabernacle of] *YHWH* [the LORD] in *bāmâ* [high place] which in *gibʿôn* [Gibeon].", "grammar": { "*hakkōhēn*": "definite article + singular noun - the priest", "*ʾaḥ*": "plural noun + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his brothers", "*hakkōhănîm*": "definite article + plural noun - the priests", "*miškān*": "construct state - tabernacle of/dwelling of", "*bāmâ*": "definite article + singular noun - the high place", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which/that", "*wĕ-* (prefix)": "conjunction - and", "*ʾēt*": "direct object marker", "*li-pnê* (compound)": "preposition - before", "*bǎ-* (prefix)": "preposition - in", "*bĕ-* (prefix)": "preposition - in" }, "variants": { "*kōhēn*": "priest/minister", "*miškān*": "tabernacle/dwelling/habitation", "*bāmâ*": "high place/elevated place/shrine" } } 40 { "verseID": "1 Chronicles.16.40", "source": "לֽ͏ְהַעֲלוֹת֩ עֹל֨וֹת לַיהוָ֜ה עַל־מִזְבַּ֧ח הָעֹלָ֛ה תָּמִ֖יד לַבֹּ֣קֶר וְלָעָ֑רֶב וּלְכָל־הַכָּתוּב֙ בְּתוֹרַ֣ת יְהוָ֔ה אֲשֶׁ֥ר צִוָּ֖ה עַל־יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃", "text": "To *ʿālâ* [offer] *ʿōlôt* [burnt offerings] to *YHWH* [the LORD] on-*mizbaḥ* [altar of] *hāʿōlâ* [the burnt offering] *tāmîd* [continually] for *bōqer* [morning] and for *ʿāreb* [evening], and for all-that is *kātab* [written] in *tôrat* [law of] *YHWH* [the LORD] which he *ṣāwâ* [commanded] concerning-*yiśrāʾēl* [Israel].", "grammar": { "*ʿālâ*": "hiphil infinitive construct - to offer/cause to ascend", "*ʿōlôt*": "plural noun - burnt offerings", "*mizbaḥ*": "construct state - altar of", "*hāʿōlâ*": "definite article + singular noun - the burnt offering", "*tāmîd*": "adverb - continually/perpetually", "*bōqer*": "singular noun - morning", "*ʿāreb*": "singular noun - evening", "*kātab*": "qal passive participle masculine singular - written", "*tôrat*": "construct state - law of/instruction of", "*ṣāwâ*": "piel perfect 3rd person masculine singular - he commanded", "*lĕ-* (prefix)": "preposition - to/for", "*ʿal-* (prefix)": "preposition - on/concerning", "*wĕ-* (prefix)": "conjunction - and", "*bĕ-* (prefix)": "preposition - in", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which/that", "*hǎ-* (prefix)": "definite article - the", "*kol-* (prefix)": "construct state - all of" }, "variants": { "*ʿālâ*": "offer up/ascend/go up", "*ʿōlâ*": "burnt offering/ascension offering", "*mizbaḥ*": "altar/place of sacrifice", "*tāmîd*": "continually/perpetually/regularly", "*bōqer*": "morning/daybreak", "*ʿāreb*": "evening/sunset", "*kātab*": "written/inscribed/recorded", "*tôrâ*": "law/instruction/teaching", "*ṣāwâ*": "command/order/charge" } } 41 { "verseID": "1 Chronicles.16.41", "source": "וְעִמָּהֶם֙ הֵימָ֣ן וִֽידוּת֔וּן וּשְׁאָר֙ הַבְּרוּרִ֔ים אֲשֶׁ֥ר נִקְּב֖וּ בְּשֵׁמ֑וֹת לְהֹדוֹת֙ לַֽיהוָ֔ה כִּ֥י לְעוֹלָ֖ם חַסְדּֽוֹ׃", "text": "And with them *hêmān* [Heman] and *yĕdûtûn* [Jeduthun], and *šĕʾār* [rest of] *habbĕrûrîm* [the chosen ones] who *nāqab* [were designated] by *šēm* [names]; to *yādâ* [give thanks] to *YHWH* [the LORD], for to *ʿôlām* [forever] his *ḥesed* [lovingkindness].", "grammar": { "*šĕʾār*": "construct state - rest of/remainder of", "*habbĕrûrîm*": "definite article + qal passive participle masculine plural - the chosen ones", "*nāqab*": "niphal perfect 3rd person common plural - they were designated/mentioned", "*yādâ*": "hiphil infinitive construct - to give thanks", "*ʿôlām*": "singular noun - forever/eternity", "*ḥesed*": "singular noun + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his lovingkindness", "*wĕ-* (prefix)": "conjunction - and", "*ʿimmāhem*": "preposition + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - with them", "*bĕ-* (prefix)": "preposition - by/with", "*šēmôt*": "plural noun - names", "*lĕ-* (prefix)": "preposition - to/for", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - who/which", "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because" }, "variants": { "*šĕʾār*": "rest/remainder/remnant", "*bārûr*": "chosen/selected/pure", "*nāqab*": "designate/specify/mention by name", "*šēm*": "name/reputation/renown", "*yādâ*": "give thanks/praise/confess", "*ʿôlām*": "forever/eternity/ancient time", "*ḥesed*": "lovingkindness/steadfast love/mercy" } } 42 { "verseID": "1 Chronicles.16.42", "source": "וְעִמָּהֶם֩ הֵימָ֨ן וִֽידוּת֜וּן חֲצֹצְר֤וֹת וּמְצִלְתַּ֙יִם֙ לְמַשְׁמִיעִ֔ים וּכְלֵ֖י שִׁ֣יר הָאֱלֹהִ֑ים וּבְנֵ֥י יְדוּת֖וּן לַשָּֽׁעַר׃", "text": "And with them *hêmān* [Heman] and *yĕdûtûn* [Jeduthun] with *ḥăṣōṣĕrôt* [trumpets] and *mĕṣiltayim* [cymbals] for *šāmaʿ* [those making heard], and *kĕlê* [instruments of] *šîr* [song of] *hāʾĕlōhîm* [the God]; and *bĕnê* [sons of] *yĕdûtûn* [Jeduthun] for *šaʿar* [the gate].", "grammar": { "*ḥăṣōṣĕrôt*": "plural noun - trumpets", "*mĕṣiltayim*": "dual noun - cymbals (pair of)", "*šāmaʿ*": "hiphil participle masculine plural - those making heard/sounding", "*kĕlê*": "construct plural - instruments of/vessels of", "*šîr*": "construct state - song of", "*hāʾĕlōhîm*": "definite article + plural noun - the God", "*bĕnê*": "plural construct - sons of", "*šaʿar*": "singular noun with definite article - the gate", "*wĕ-* (prefix)": "conjunction - and", "*ʿimmāhem*": "preposition + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - with them", "*lĕ-* (prefix)": "preposition - for", "*lǎ-* (prefix)": "preposition - for/to" }, "variants": { "*ḥăṣōṣĕrâ*": "trumpet/clarion", "*mĕṣiltayim*": "cymbals/pair of cymbals", "*šāmaʿ*": "hear/listen/sound", "*kĕlî*": "instrument/vessel/utensil", "*šîr*": "song/music", "*šaʿar*": "gate/entrance/door" } } 43 { "verseID": "1 Chronicles.16.43", "source": "וַיֵּלְכ֥וּ כָל־הָעָ֖ם אִ֣ישׁ לְבֵית֑וֹ וַיִּסֹּ֥ב דָּוִ֖יד לְבָרֵ֥ךְ אֶת־בֵּיתֽוֹ׃ פ", "text": "And *hālak* [went] all-*hāʿām* [the people] *ʾîš* [each] to his *bayit* [house]; and *sābab* [turned] *dāwîd* [David] to *bārak* [bless] *ʾēt*-his *bayit* [house].", "grammar": { "*wǎy-* (prefix)": "consecutive waw - and then/so", "*hālak*": "qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural with waw consecutive - they went", "*hāʿām*": "definite article + singular collective noun - the people", "*ʾîš*": "noun masculine singular - each man", "*bayit*": "singular noun + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his house", "*sābab*": "qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular with waw consecutive - he turned", "*bārak*": "piel infinitive construct - to bless", "*bayit*": "singular noun + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his house", "*kol-* (prefix)": "construct state - all of", "*lĕ-* (prefix)": "preposition - to", "*ʾēt*": "direct object marker" }, "variants": { "*hālak*": "go/walk/travel", "*ʿām*": "people/nation/troops", "*ʾîš*": "man/each/everyone", "*bayit*": "house/home/household", "*sābab*": "turn/go around/surround", "*bārak*": "bless/praise/salute" } }
• 2 Chr 7:10 : 10 { "verseID": "2 Chronicles.7.10", "source": "וּבְי֨וֹם עֶשְׂרִ֤ים וּשְׁלֹשָׁה֙ לַחֹ֣דֶשׁ הַשְּׁבִיעִ֔י שִׁלַּ֥ח אֶת־הָעָ֖ם לְאָהֳלֵיהֶ֑ם שְׂמֵחִים֙ וְט֣וֹבֵי לֵ֔ב עַל־הַטּוֹבָ֗ה אֲשֶׁ֨ר עָשָׂ֤ה יְהוָה֙ לְדָוִ֣יד וְלִשְׁלֹמֹ֔ה וּלְיִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל עַמּֽוֹ׃", "text": "And on *ûḇəyôm* twenty and three *ʿeśrîm* *ûšəlōšâ* to the *laḥōḏeš* the *haššəḇîʿî* *šillaḥ* *ʾeṯ-* the *hāʿām* to *ləʾāhŏlêhem* *śəmēḥîm* *wə-* *ṭôḇê* *lēḇ* for *ʿal-* the *haṭṭôḇâ* *ʾăšer* *ʿāśâ* *yəhwâ* to *dāwîḏ* *wə-* to *lišlōmōh* *û-* to *ləyiśrāʾēl* his people *ʿammô*.", "grammar": { "*ûḇəyôm*": "conjunction with preposition and noun, masculine singular - 'and on the day'", "*ʿeśrîm*": "cardinal number - 'twenty'", "*ûšəlōšâ*": "conjunction with cardinal number - 'and three'", "*laḥōḏeš*": "preposition with noun, masculine singular - 'to/of the month'", "*haššəḇîʿî*": "ordinal number, masculine singular with definite article - 'the seventh'", "*šillaḥ*": "piel perfect, 3rd masculine singular - 'he sent away'", "*ʾeṯ-*": "direct object marker", "*hāʿām*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - 'the people'", "*ləʾāhŏlêhem*": "preposition with noun, masculine plural and 3rd masculine plural suffix - 'to their tents'", "*śəmēḥîm*": "adjective, masculine plural - 'joyful/glad'", "*wə-*": "conjunction - 'and'", "*ṭôḇê*": "adjective, masculine plural construct - 'good of'", "*lēḇ*": "noun, masculine singular - 'heart'", "*ʿal-*": "preposition - 'concerning/because of'", "*haṭṭôḇâ*": "noun, feminine singular with definite article - 'the goodness'", "*ʾăšer*": "relative particle - 'which/that'", "*ʿāśâ*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - 'did/showed'", "*yəhwâ*": "proper noun - 'YHWH/LORD'", "*dāwîḏ*": "proper noun - 'David'", "*lišlōmōh*": "preposition with proper noun - 'to Solomon'", "*û-*": "conjunction - 'and'", "*ləyiśrāʾēl*": "preposition with proper noun - 'to Israel'", "*ʿammô*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - 'his people'" }, "variants": { "*šillaḥ*": "sent away, dismissed, let go", "*ləʾāhŏlêhem*": "to their tents, to their homes, to their dwellings", "*śəmēḥîm*": "joyful, glad, happy", "*ṭôḇê*": "good, well, pleasant", "*lēḇ*": "heart, mind, inner person", "*haṭṭôḇâ*": "goodness, good thing, benefit", "*ʿāśâ*": "did, performed, showed", "*ʿammô*": "his people, his nation, his folk" } }
• 2 Chr 30:23-26 : 23 { "verseID": "2 Chronicles.30.23", "source": "וַיִּוָּֽעֲצוּ֙ כָּל־הַקָּהָ֔ל לַעֲשׂ֕וֹת שִׁבְעַ֥ת יָמִ֖ים אֲחֵרִ֑ים וַיַּֽעֲשׂ֥וּ שִׁבְעַת־יָמִ֖ים שִׂמְחָֽה׃", "text": "And *wayyiwwā'ăṣû* all-the-*qāhāl* *la'ăśôt* *šib'at* *yāmîm* *'ăḥērîm*; and *wayya'ăśû* *šib'at*-*yāmîm* *śimḥāh*.", "grammar": { "*wayyiwwā'ăṣû*": "waw-consecutive + niphal imperfect 3rd common plural - and they took counsel", "*qāhāl*": "common noun, masculine singular absolute with definite article - the assembly", "*la'ăśôt*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct - to celebrate", "*šib'at*": "cardinal number, feminine singular construct - seven of", "*yāmîm*": "common noun, masculine plural absolute - days", "*'ăḥērîm*": "adjective, masculine plural absolute - other", "*wayya'ăśû*": "waw-consecutive + qal imperfect 3rd common plural - and they celebrated", "*šib'at*-*yāmîm*": "seven days", "*śimḥāh*": "common noun, feminine singular absolute - joy" }, "variants": { "*wayyiwwā'ăṣû*": "and they took counsel/consulted together/decided", "*qāhāl*": "assembly/congregation/gathering", "*la'ăśôt*": "to celebrate/observe/keep", "*'ăḥērîm*": "other/additional/more", "*wayya'ăśû*": "and they celebrated/observed/kept", "*śimḥāh*": "joy/gladness/rejoicing" } } 24 { "verseID": "2 Chronicles.30.24", "source": "כִּ֣י חִזְקִיָּ֣הוּ מֶֽלֶךְ־יְ֠הוּדָה הֵרִ֨ים לַקָּהָ֜ל אֶ֣לֶף פָּרִים֮ וְשִׁבְעַ֣ת אֲלָפִ֣ים צֹאן֒ ס וְהַשָּׂרִ֞ים הֵרִ֤ימוּ לַקָּהָל֙ פָּרִ֣ים אֶ֔לֶף וְצֹ֖אן עֲשֶׂ֣רֶת אֲלָפִ֑ים וַיִּֽתְקַדְּשׁ֥וּ כֹהֲנִ֖ים לָרֹֽב׃", "text": "For *Ḥizqîyāhû* *melek*-*Yĕhûdāh* *hērîm* to-the-*qāhāl* *'elep* *pārîm* and-*šib'at* *'ălāpîm* *ṣō'n*; and-the-*śārîm* *hērîmû* to-the-*qāhāl* *pārîm* *'elep* and-*ṣō'n* *'ăśeret* *'ălāpîm*; and *wayyitqaddĕšû* *kōhănîm* *lārōb*.", "grammar": { "*Ḥizqîyāhû*": "proper noun, masculine - Hezekiah", "*melek*-*Yĕhûdāh*": "king of Judah", "*hērîm*": "hiphil perfect 3rd masculine singular - he contributed", "*qāhāl*": "common noun, masculine singular absolute with definite article - the assembly", "*'elep*": "cardinal number, masculine singular absolute - thousand", "*pārîm*": "common noun, masculine plural absolute - bulls", "*šib'at*": "cardinal number, feminine singular construct - seven of", "*'ălāpîm*": "cardinal number, masculine plural absolute - thousands", "*ṣō'n*": "common noun, feminine singular absolute - sheep", "*śārîm*": "common noun, masculine plural absolute with definite article - the officials", "*hērîmû*": "hiphil perfect 3rd common plural - they contributed", "*'ăśeret*": "cardinal number, feminine singular construct - ten of", "*wayyitqaddĕšû*": "waw-consecutive + hithpael imperfect 3rd common plural - and they consecrated themselves", "*kōhănîm*": "common noun, masculine plural absolute - priests", "*lārōb*": "preposition + common noun, masculine singular absolute - in abundance" }, "variants": { "*hērîm*": "he contributed/donated/presented", "*qāhāl*": "assembly/congregation/gathering", "*pārîm*": "bulls/bullocks/cattle", "*ṣō'n*": "sheep/flock/small livestock", "*śārîm*": "officials/princes/nobles", "*hērîmû*": "they contributed/donated/presented", "*wayyitqaddĕšû*": "and they consecrated themselves/sanctified themselves/purified themselves", "*kōhănîm*": "priests", "*lārōb*": "in abundance/in great number/many" } } 25 { "verseID": "2 Chronicles.30.25", "source": "וַֽיִּשְׂמְח֣וּ ׀ כָּל־קְהַ֣ל יְהוּדָ֗ה וְהַכֹּהֲנִים֙ וְהַלְוִיִּ֔ם וְכָל־הַקָּהָ֖ל הַבָּאִ֣ים מִיִּשְׂרָאֵ֑ל וְהַגֵּרִ֗ים הַבָּאִים֙ מֵאֶ֣רֶץ יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל וְהַיּוֹשְׁבִ֖ים בִּיהוּדָֽה׃", "text": "And *wayyiśmĕḥû* all-*qĕhal* *Yĕhûdāh* and-the-*kōhănîm* and-the-*lĕwiyyîm* and-all-the-*qāhāl* the-*bā'îm* from-*Yiśrā'ēl* and-the-*gērîm* the-*bā'îm* from-*'ereṣ* *Yiśrā'ēl* and-the-*yôšĕbîm* in-*Yĕhûdāh*.", "grammar": { "*wayyiśmĕḥû*": "waw-consecutive + qal imperfect 3rd common plural - and they rejoiced", "*qĕhal*": "common noun, masculine singular construct - assembly of", "*Yĕhûdāh*": "proper noun, masculine - Judah", "*kōhănîm*": "common noun, masculine plural absolute with definite article - the priests", "*lĕwiyyîm*": "proper noun, masculine plural absolute with definite article - the Levites", "*qāhāl*": "common noun, masculine singular absolute with definite article - the assembly", "*bā'îm*": "qal participle masculine plural absolute with definite article - the ones coming", "*Yiśrā'ēl*": "proper noun, masculine - Israel", "*gērîm*": "common noun, masculine plural absolute with definite article - the sojourners", "*'ereṣ*": "common noun, feminine singular construct - land of", "*yôšĕbîm*": "qal participle masculine plural absolute with definite article - the ones dwelling" }, "variants": { "*wayyiśmĕḥû*": "and they rejoiced/were glad/were joyful", "*qĕhal*": "assembly of/congregation of/community of", "*kōhănîm*": "priests", "*lĕwiyyîm*": "Levites", "*qāhāl*": "assembly/congregation/gathering", "*bā'îm*": "the ones coming/arriving/entering", "*gērîm*": "the sojourners/foreigners/resident aliens", "*'ereṣ*": "land of/country of/territory of", "*yôšĕbîm*": "the ones dwelling/living/residing" } } 26 { "verseID": "2 Chronicles.30.26", "source": "וַתְּהִ֥י שִׂמְחָֽה־גְדוֹלָ֖ה בִּֽירוּשָׁלָ֑͏ִם כִּ֠י מִימֵ֞י שְׁלֹמֹ֤ה בֶן־דָּוִיד֙ מֶ֣לֶךְ יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל לֹ֥א כָזֹ֖את בִּירוּשָׁלָֽ͏ִם׃", "text": "And *wattĕhî* *śimḥāh*-*gĕdôlāh* in-*Yĕrûšālāim*; for from-*yĕmê* *Šĕlōmōh* *ben*-*Dāwid* *melek* *Yiśrā'ēl* *lō'* like-*zō't* in-*Yĕrûšālāim*.", "grammar": { "*wattĕhî*": "waw-consecutive + qal imperfect 3rd feminine singular - and there was", "*śimḥāh*-*gĕdôlāh*": "great joy", "*Yĕrûšālāim*": "proper noun, feminine - Jerusalem", "*yĕmê*": "common noun, masculine plural construct - days of", "*Šĕlōmōh*": "proper noun, masculine - Solomon", "*ben*-*Dāwid*": "son of David", "*melek*": "common noun, masculine singular construct - king of", "*Yiśrā'ēl*": "proper noun, masculine - Israel", "*lō'*": "negative particle - not", "*zō't*": "demonstrative pronoun, feminine singular - this" }, "variants": { "*wattĕhî*": "and there was/and it happened/and it came to be", "*śimḥāh*-*gĕdôlāh*": "great joy/much rejoicing/great gladness", "*yĕmê*": "days of/time of/era of", "*melek*": "king of/ruler of", "*zō't*": "this/such/like this" } }
• Job 29:2-30:31 : 2 { "verseID": "Job.29.2", "source": "מִֽי־יִתְּנֵ֥נִי כְיַרְחֵי־קֶ֑דֶם כִּ֝ימֵ֗י אֱל֣וֹהַּ יִשְׁמְרֵֽנִי", "text": "*mî-yittənēnî* *kə-yarḥê-qedem* *kî-yəmê* *ʾĕlôah* *yišmərēnî*", "grammar": { "*mî-yittənēnî*": "interrogative + Qal imperfect, 3rd masc singular + 1st person object suffix - who will give me/who would make me", "*kə-yarḥê-qedem*": "preposition + noun, masc plural construct + noun - like months of before/ancient/past", "*kî-yəmê*": "preposition + noun, masc plural construct - like days of", "*ʾĕlôah*": "noun, masculine singular - God", "*yišmərēnî*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd masc singular + 1st person object suffix - he kept/guarded/protected me" }, "variants": { "*mî-yittənēnî*": "who would make me/oh that I were", "*qedem*": "east/ancient time/former time", "*ʾĕlôah*": "God/deity", "*yišmərēnî*": "he guarded/kept/watched over me" } } 3 { "verseID": "Job.29.3", "source": "בְּהִלּ֣וֹ נֵ֭רוֹ עֲלֵ֣י רֹאשִׁ֑י לְ֝אוֹרוֹ אֵ֣לֶךְ חֹֽשֶׁךְ", "text": "*bə-hillô* *nērô* *ʿălê* *rōʾšî* *lə-ʾôrô* *ʾēlek* *ḥōšek*", "grammar": { "*bə-hillô*": "preposition + Hiphil infinitive construct + 3rd masc singular suffix - when he caused to shine", "*nērô*": "noun, masculine singular + 3rd masc singular suffix - his lamp", "*ʿălê*": "preposition + - upon/over", "*rōʾšî*": "noun, masculine singular + 1st person singular suffix - my head", "*lə-ʾôrô*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular + 3rd masc singular suffix - by his light", "*ʾēlek*": "Qal imperfect, 1st person singular - I walked", "*ḥōšek*": "noun, masculine singular - darkness" }, "variants": { "*bə-hillô*": "when his lamp shone/when he made his lamp shine", "*nēr*": "lamp/light", "*ʾēlek*": "I walked/went/proceeded", "*ḥōšek*": "darkness/obscurity" } } 4 { "verseID": "Job.29.4", "source": "כַּאֲשֶׁ֣ר הָ֭יִיתִי בִּימֵ֣י חָרְפִּ֑י בְּס֥וֹד אֱ֝ל֗וֹהַּ עֲלֵ֣י אָהֳלִֽי", "text": "*ka-ʾăšer* *hāyîtî* *bî-ymê* *ḥorpî* *bə-sôd* *ʾĕlôah* *ʿălê* *ʾoholî*", "grammar": { "*ka-ʾăšer*": "preposition + relative particle - as/when", "*hāyîtî*": "Qal perfect, 1st person singular - I was", "*bî-ymê*": "preposition + noun, masculine plural construct - in days of", "*ḥorpî*": "noun, masculine singular + 1st person singular suffix - my autumn/harvest/prime", "*bə-sôd*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular construct - in council/counsel/friendship of", "*ʾĕlôah*": "noun, masculine singular - God", "*ʿălê*": "preposition - upon/over", "*ʾoholî*": "noun, masculine singular + 1st person singular suffix - my tent" }, "variants": { "*ḥorpî*": "my autumn/prime/youth/maturity", "*sôd*": "council/counsel/intimate friendship/secret assembly", "*ʾĕlôah*": "God/deity" } } 5 { "verseID": "Job.29.5", "source": "בְּע֣וֹד שַׁ֭דַּי עִמָּדִ֑י סְבִ֖יבוֹתַ֣י נְעָרָֽי", "text": "*bə-ʿôd* *šadday* *ʿimmādî* *səbîbôtay* *nəʿārāy*", "grammar": { "*bə-ʿôd*": "preposition + adverb - while yet/still", "*šadday*": "divine name - Almighty", "*ʿimmādî*": "preposition + 1st person singular suffix - with me", "*səbîbôtay*": "noun, feminine plural + 1st person singular suffix - my surroundings", "*nəʿārāy*": "noun, masculine plural + 1st person singular suffix - my young men/servants" }, "variants": { "*šadday*": "Almighty/All-sufficient One", "*nəʿārāy*": "my young men/servants/attendants/children" } } 6 { "verseID": "Job.29.6", "source": "בִּרְחֹ֣ץ הֲלִיכַ֣י בְּחֵמָ֑ה וְצ֥וּר יָצ֥וּק עִ֝מָּדִ֗י פַּלְגֵי־שָֽׁמֶן", "text": "*bi-rḥōṣ* *hălîkay* *bə-ḥēmāh* *wə-ṣûr* *yāṣûq* *ʿimmādî* *palgê-šāmen*", "grammar": { "*bi-rḥōṣ*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct - in washing/when I washed", "*hălîkay*": "noun, feminine plural + 1st person singular suffix - my steps/ways/paths", "*bə-ḥēmāh*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular - in butter/cream/curds", "*wə-ṣûr*": "conjunction + noun, masculine singular - and rock", "*yāṣûq*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - it poured out", "*ʿimmādî*": "preposition + 1st person singular suffix - with me", "*palgê-šāmen*": "noun, masculine plural construct + noun, masculine singular - streams of oil" }, "variants": { "*bi-rḥōṣ*": "when I washed/bathed/cleansed", "*hălîkay*": "my steps/ways/goings", "*bə-ḥēmāh*": "in butter/cream/curds/dairy products", "*ṣûr*": "rock/cliff/boulder", "*yāṣûq*": "poured out/flowed/gushed", "*palgê-šāmen*": "streams of oil/rivers of olive oil" } } 7 { "verseID": "Job.29.7", "source": "בְּצֵ֣אתִי שַׁ֣עַר עֲלֵי־קָ֑רֶת בָּ֝רְח֗וֹב אָכִ֥ין מוֹשָׁבִֽי", "text": "*bə-ṣēʾtî* *šaʿar* *ʿălê-qāret* *bā-rəḥôb* *ʾākîn* *môšābî*", "grammar": { "*bə-ṣēʾtî*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct + 1st person singular suffix - when I went out", "*šaʿar*": "noun, masculine singular - gate", "*ʿălê-qāret*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular - to/toward city", "*bā-rəḥôb*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular - in the street/plaza/open area", "*ʾākîn*": "Hiphil imperfect, 1st person singular - I prepared/set up", "*môšābî*": "noun, masculine singular + 1st person singular suffix - my seat" }, "variants": { "*bə-ṣēʾtî*": "when I went out/came forth", "*šaʿar*": "gate/entrance/doorway", "*qāret*": "city/town", "*rəḥôb*": "street/plaza/broad place/town square", "*ʾākîn*": "I prepared/established/set up" } } 8 { "verseID": "Job.29.8", "source": "רָא֣וּנִי נְעָרִ֣ים וְנֶחְבָּ֑אוּ וִֽ֝ישִׁישִׁים קָ֣מוּ עָמָֽדוּ", "text": "*rāʾûnî* *nəʿārîm* *wə-neḥbāʾû* *wî-šîšîm* *qāmû* *ʿāmādû*", "grammar": { "*rāʾûnî*": "Qal perfect, 3rd person plural + 1st person singular suffix - they saw me", "*nəʿārîm*": "noun, masculine plural - young men", "*wə-neḥbāʾû*": "conjunction + Niphal perfect, 3rd person plural - and they hid themselves", "*wî-šîšîm*": "conjunction + noun, masculine plural - and aged men/elders", "*qāmû*": "Qal perfect, 3rd person plural - they arose", "*ʿāmādû*": "Qal perfect, 3rd person plural - they stood" }, "variants": { "*nəʿārîm*": "young men/boys/youths/servants", "*neḥbāʾû*": "they hid themselves/withdrew", "*šîšîm*": "aged men/elders/old men", "*ʿāmādû*": "they stood/stood up/took their stand" } } 9 { "verseID": "Job.29.9", "source": "שָׂ֭רִים עָצְר֣וּ בְמִלִּ֑ים וְ֝כַ֗ף יָשִׂ֥ימוּ לְפִיהֶֽם", "text": "*śārîm* *ʿāṣrû* *bə-millîm* *wə-kap* *yāśîmû* *lə-pîhem*", "grammar": { "*śārîm*": "noun, masculine plural - princes/officials/rulers", "*ʿāṣrû*": "Qal perfect, 3rd person plural - they restrained/stopped", "*bə-millîm*": "preposition + noun, feminine plural - with words", "*wə-kap*": "conjunction + noun, feminine singular - and palm/hand", "*yāśîmû*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd person plural - they placed/put", "*lə-pîhem*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - to their mouth" }, "variants": { "*śārîm*": "princes/officials/nobles/chiefs", "*ʿāṣrû*": "they restrained/stopped/held back", "*millîm*": "words/speech", "*kap*": "palm/hand/sole", "*yāśîmû*": "they put/placed/laid" } } 10 { "verseID": "Job.29.10", "source": "קוֹל־נְגִידִ֥ים נֶחְבָּ֑אוּ וּ֝לְשׁוֹנָ֗ם לְחִכָּ֥ם דָּבֵֽקָה", "text": "*qôl-nəgîdîm* *neḥbāʾû* *û-ləšônām* *lə-ḥikkām* *dābēqāh*", "grammar": { "*qôl-nəgîdîm*": "noun, masculine singular construct + noun, masculine plural - voice of leaders", "*neḥbāʾû*": "Niphal perfect, 3rd person plural - they hid themselves/were hidden", "*û-ləšônām*": "conjunction + noun, feminine singular + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - and their tongue", "*lə-ḥikkām*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - to their palate/roof of mouth", "*dābēqāh*": "Qal perfect, 3rd person feminine singular - it clung/cleaved" }, "variants": { "*nəgîdîm*": "leaders/nobles/rulers/commanders", "*neḥbāʾû*": "they hid/were hidden/were silenced", "*ləšônām*": "their tongue/language", "*ḥikkām*": "their palate/roof of mouth", "*dābēqāh*": "it clung/stuck/adhered" } } 11 { "verseID": "Job.29.11", "source": "כִּ֤י אֹ֣זֶן שָׁ֭מְעָה וַֽתְּאַשְּׁרֵ֑נִי וְעַ֥ין רָ֝אֲתָ֗ה וַתְּעִידֵֽנִי", "text": "*kî* *ʾōzen* *šāməʿāh* *wa-təʾaššrēnî* *wə-ʿayin* *rāʾătāh* *wa-təʿîdēnî*", "grammar": { "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because/when", "*ʾōzen*": "noun, feminine singular - ear", "*šāməʿāh*": "Qal perfect, 3rd person feminine singular - it heard", "*wa-təʾaššrēnî*": "conjunction + Piel imperfect, 3rd person feminine singular + 1st person singular suffix - and it blessed/called me happy", "*wə-ʿayin*": "conjunction + noun, feminine singular - and eye", "*rāʾătāh*": "Qal perfect, 3rd person feminine singular - it saw", "*wa-təʿîdēnî*": "conjunction + Hiphil imperfect, 3rd person feminine singular + 1st person singular suffix - and it testified/bore witness to me" }, "variants": { "*ʾōzen*": "ear/hearing", "*šāməʿāh*": "it heard/listened", "*təʾaššrēnî*": "it blessed me/pronounced me happy/approved me", "*ʿayin*": "eye/sight", "*təʿîdēnî*": "it testified for me/bore me witness/gave approval of me" } } 12 { "verseID": "Job.29.12", "source": "כִּֽי־אֲ֭מַלֵּט עָנִ֣י מְשַׁוֵּ֑עַ וְ֝יָת֗וֹם וְֽלֹא־עֹזֵ֥ר לֽוֹ", "text": "*kî-ʾămalleṭ* *ʿānî* *məšawwēaʿ* *wə-yātôm* *wə-lōʾ-ʿōzēr* *lô*", "grammar": { "*kî-ʾămalleṭ*": "conjunction + Piel imperfect, 1st person singular - for I delivered/rescued", "*ʿānî*": "adjective, masculine singular - poor/afflicted", "*məšawwēaʿ*": "Piel participle, masculine singular - crying for help", "*wə-yātôm*": "conjunction + noun, masculine singular - and orphan", "*wə-lōʾ-ʿōzēr*": "conjunction + negative particle + Qal participle, masculine singular - and no helper", "*lô*": "preposition + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - to him/for him" }, "variants": { "*ʾămalleṭ*": "I delivered/rescued/saved", "*ʿānî*": "poor/afflicted/humble/oppressed", "*məšawwēaʿ*": "crying out/crying for help/pleading", "*yātôm*": "orphan/fatherless" } } 13 { "verseID": "Job.29.13", "source": "בִּרְכַּ֣ת אֹ֭בֵד עָלַ֣י תָּבֹ֑א וְלֵ֖ב אַלְמָנָ֣ה אַרְנִֽן", "text": "*birkat* *ʾōbēd* *ʿālay* *tābōʾ* *wə-lēb* *ʾalmānāh* *ʾarnīn*", "grammar": { "*birkat*": "noun, feminine singular construct - blessing of", "*ʾōbēd*": "Qal participle, masculine singular - perishing/about to perish", "*ʿālay*": "preposition + 1st person singular suffix - upon me", "*tābōʾ*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd person feminine singular - it came", "*wə-lēb*": "conjunction + noun, masculine singular construct - and heart of", "*ʾalmānāh*": "noun, feminine singular - widow", "*ʾarnīn*": "Hiphil imperfect, 1st person singular - I caused to sing/rejoice" }, "variants": { "*birkat*": "blessing/benediction", "*ʾōbēd*": "perishing one/one about to perish/dying person", "*tābōʾ*": "it came/would come", "*lēb*": "heart/mind/inner person", "*ʾalmānāh*": "widow/bereaved woman", "*ʾarnīn*": "I caused to rejoice/sing/shout for joy" } } 14 { "verseID": "Job.29.14", "source": "צֶ֣דֶק לָ֭בַשְׁתִּי וַיִּלְבָּשֵׁ֑נִי כִּֽמְעִ֥יל וְ֝צָנִ֗יף מִשְׁפָּטִֽי", "text": "*ṣedeq* *lābastî* *wa-yyilbāšēnî* *ki-məʿîl* *wə-ṣānîp* *mišpāṭî*", "grammar": { "*ṣedeq*": "noun, masculine singular - righteousness", "*lābastî*": "Qal perfect, 1st person singular - I put on/clothed myself", "*wa-yyilbāšēnî*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular + 1st person singular suffix - and it clothed me", "*ki-məʿîl*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular - like a robe", "*wə-ṣānîp*": "conjunction + noun, masculine singular - and turban/headdress", "*mišpāṭî*": "noun, masculine singular + 1st person singular suffix - my justice" }, "variants": { "*ṣedeq*": "righteousness/rightness/justice", "*lābastî*": "I put on/clothed myself with/wore", "*yilbāšēnî*": "it clothed me/covered me", "*məʿîl*": "robe/cloak/mantle", "*ṣānîp*": "turban/headdress/diadem", "*mišpāṭî*": "my justice/judgment/right" } } 15 { "verseID": "Job.29.15", "source": "עֵינַ֣יִם הָ֭יִיתִי לַֽעִוֵּ֑ר וְרַגְלַ֖יִם לַפִּסֵּ֣חַ אָֽנִי", "text": "*ʿênayim* *hāyîtî* *la-ʿiwwēr* *wə-raglayim* *la-pissēaḥ* *ʾānî*", "grammar": { "*ʿênayim*": "noun, feminine dual - eyes", "*hāyîtî*": "Qal perfect, 1st person singular - I was", "*la-ʿiwwēr*": "preposition + definite article + adjective, masculine singular - to the blind", "*wə-raglayim*": "conjunction + noun, feminine dual - and feet", "*la-pissēaḥ*": "preposition + definite article + adjective, masculine singular - to the lame", "*ʾānî*": "pronoun, 1st person singular - I" }, "variants": { "*ʿênayim*": "eyes/sight", "*ʿiwwēr*": "blind person/blind man", "*raglayim*": "feet/legs", "*pissēaḥ*": "lame person/crippled person" } } 16 { "verseID": "Job.29.16", "source": "אָ֣ב אָ֭נֹכִֽי לָֽאֶבְיוֹנִ֑ים וְרִ֖ב לֹא־יָדַ֣עְתִּי אֶחְקְרֵֽהוּ", "text": "*ʾāb* *ʾānōkî* *lā-ʾebyônîm* *wə-rîb* *lōʾ-yādaʿtî* *ʾeḥqərēhû*", "grammar": { "*ʾāb*": "noun, masculine singular - father", "*ʾānōkî*": "pronoun, 1st person singular - I", "*lā-ʾebyônîm*": "preposition + definite article + noun, masculine plural - to the needy", "*wə-rîb*": "conjunction + noun, masculine singular - and case/dispute", "*lōʾ-yādaʿtî*": "negative particle + Qal perfect, 1st person singular - I did not know", "*ʾeḥqərēhû*": "Qal imperfect, 1st person singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - I searched it out/investigated it" }, "variants": { "*ʾāb*": "father/protector/provider", "*ʾebyônîm*": "needy/poor/destitute people", "*rîb*": "case/dispute/legal cause/controversy", "*yādaʿtî*": "I knew/was acquainted with", "*ʾeḥqərēhû*": "I investigated it/searched it out/examined it" } } 17 { "verseID": "Job.29.17", "source": "וָֽ֭אֲשַׁבְּרָה מְתַלְּע֣וֹת עַוָּ֑ל וּ֝מִשִּׁנָּ֗יו אַשְׁלִ֥יךְ טָֽרֶף", "text": "*wā-ʾăšabbərāh* *mətalləʿôt* *ʿawwāl* *û-miššinnāyw* *ʾašlîk* *ṭārep*", "grammar": { "*wā-ʾăšabbərāh*": "conjunction + Piel imperfect, 1st person singular with paragogic he - and I broke", "*mətalləʿôt*": "noun, feminine plural construct - jaws of", "*ʿawwāl*": "noun, masculine singular - unjust/wicked one", "*û-miššinnāyw*": "conjunction + preposition + noun, feminine plural + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - and from his teeth", "*ʾašlîk*": "Hiphil imperfect, 1st person singular - I cast/threw", "*ṭārep*": "noun, masculine singular - prey/torn flesh" }, "variants": { "*ʾăšabbərāh*": "I broke/shattered/crushed", "*mətalləʿôt*": "jaws/fangs", "*ʿawwāl*": "unjust one/wicked person/evil-doer", "*šinnāyw*": "his teeth/fangs", "*ʾašlîk*": "I cast out/threw away/flung", "*ṭārep*": "prey/torn flesh/plunder" } } 18 { "verseID": "Job.29.18", "source": "וָ֭אֹמַר עִם־קִנִּ֣י אֶגְוָ֑ע וְ֝כַח֗וֹל אַרְבֶּ֥ה יָמִֽים", "text": "*wā-ʾōmar* *ʿim-qinnî* *ʾegwāʿ* *wə-ka-ḥôl* *ʾarbeh* *yāmîm*", "grammar": { "*wā-ʾōmar*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect, 1st person singular - and I said", "*ʿim-qinnî*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular + 1st person singular suffix - with my nest", "*ʾegwāʿ*": "Qal imperfect, 1st person singular - I will expire/die", "*wə-ka-ḥôl*": "conjunction + preposition + noun, masculine singular - and like sand", "*ʾarbeh*": "Hiphil imperfect, 1st person singular - I will multiply", "*yāmîm*": "noun, masculine plural - days" }, "variants": { "*qinnî*": "my nest/home", "*ʾegwāʿ*": "I will expire/die/breathe my last", "*ḥôl*": "sand/phoenix (interpretational variant)", "*ʾarbeh*": "I will multiply/increase", "*yāmîm*": "days/lifespan" } } 19 { "verseID": "Job.29.19", "source": "שָׁרְשִׁ֣י פָת֣וּחַ אֱלֵי־מָ֑יִם וְ֝טַ֗ל יָלִ֥ין בִּקְצִירֽ͏ִי", "text": "*šāršî* *pātûaḥ* *ʾĕlê-māyim* *wə-ṭal* *yālîn* *bi-qṣîrî*", "grammar": { "*šāršî*": "noun, masculine singular + 1st person singular suffix - my root", "*pātûaḥ*": "Qal passive participle, masculine singular - opened/spread out", "*ʾĕlê-māyim*": "preposition + noun, masculine plural - to waters", "*wə-ṭal*": "conjunction + noun, masculine singular - and dew", "*yālîn*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - it lodges/stays overnight", "*bi-qṣîrî*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular + 1st person singular suffix - on my branch/harvest" }, "variants": { "*šāršî*": "my root/foundation", "*pātûaḥ*": "opened/spread out/extended", "*māyim*": "waters/water", "*ṭal*": "dew/moisture", "*yālîn*": "lodges/remains overnight/stays", "*qṣîrî*": "my branch/bough/harvest" } } 20 { "verseID": "Job.29.20", "source": "כְּ֭בוֹדִי חָדָ֣שׁ עִמָּדִ֑י וְ֝קַשְׁתִּ֗י בְּיָדִ֥י תַחֲלִֽיף", "text": "*kəbôdî* *ḥādāš* *ʿimmādî* *wə-qaštî* *bə-yādî* *taḥălîp*", "grammar": { "*kəbôdî*": "noun, masculine singular + 1st person singular suffix - my honor/glory", "*ḥādāš*": "adjective, masculine singular - new/fresh", "*ʿimmādî*": "preposition + 1st person singular suffix - with me", "*wə-qaštî*": "conjunction + noun, feminine singular + 1st person singular suffix - and my bow", "*bə-yādî*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular + 1st person singular suffix - in my hand", "*taḥălîp*": "Hiphil imperfect, 3rd person feminine singular - it renewed itself" }, "variants": { "*kəbôdî*": "my honor/glory/dignity", "*ḥādāš*": "new/fresh/renewed", "*qaštî*": "my bow/weapon/strength", "*taḥălîp*": "it renewed itself/was renewed/was strengthened" } } 21 { "verseID": "Job.29.21", "source": "לִֽי־שָׁמְע֥וּ וְיִחֵ֑לּוּ וְ֝יִדְּמ֗וּ לְמ֣וֹ עֲצָתִֽי", "text": "*lî-šāməʿû* *wə-yiḥēllû* *wə-yiddəmû* *ləmô* *ʿăṣātî*", "grammar": { "*lî-šāməʿû*": "preposition + 1st person singular suffix + Qal perfect, 3rd person plural - to me they listened", "*wə-yiḥēllû*": "conjunction + Piel imperfect, 3rd person plural - and they waited", "*wə-yiddəmû*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect, 3rd person plural - and they were silent", "*ləmô*": "preposition + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - to them", "*ʿăṣātî*": "noun, feminine singular + 1st person singular suffix - my counsel" }, "variants": { "*šāməʿû*": "they listened/heard/obeyed", "*yiḥēllû*": "they waited/waited expectantly", "*yiddəmû*": "they were silent/kept quiet", "*ləmô*": "to them/for them (poetic form)", "*ʿăṣātî*": "my counsel/advice/plan" } } 22 { "verseID": "Job.29.22", "source": "אַחֲרֵ֣י דְ֭בָרִי לֹ֣א יִשְׁנ֑וּ וְ֝עָלֵ֗ימוֹ תִּטֹּ֥ף מִלָּתִֽי", "text": "*ʾaḥărê* *dəbārî* *lōʾ* *yišnû* *wə-ʿălêmô* *tiṭṭōp* *millātî*", "grammar": { "*ʾaḥărê*": "preposition - after", "*dəbārî*": "noun, masculine singular + 1st person singular suffix - my word", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*yišnû*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd person plural - they repeated/spoke again", "*wə-ʿălêmô*": "conjunction + preposition + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - and upon them", "*tiṭṭōp*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd person feminine singular - it dropped", "*millātî*": "noun, feminine singular + 1st person singular suffix - my word/speech" }, "variants": { "*dəbārî*": "my word/speech/saying", "*yišnû*": "they spoke again/repeated/changed/contradicted", "*ʿălêmô*": "upon them/on them (poetic form)", "*tiṭṭōp*": "it dropped/dripped/distilled", "*millātî*": "my word/speech/discourse" } } 23 { "verseID": "Job.29.23", "source": "וְיִֽחֲל֣וּ כַמָּטָ֣ר לִ֑י וּ֝פִיהֶ֗ם פָּעֲר֥וּ לְמַלְקֽוֹשׁ", "text": "*wə-yiḥălû* *ka-māṭār* *lî* *û-pîhem* *pāʿărû* *lə-malqôš*", "grammar": { "*wə-yiḥălû*": "conjunction + Piel perfect, 3rd person plural - and they waited", "*ka-māṭār*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular - like rain", "*lî*": "preposition + 1st person singular suffix - for me", "*û-pîhem*": "conjunction + noun, masculine singular + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - and their mouth", "*pāʿărû*": "Qal perfect, 3rd person plural - they opened wide", "*lə-malqôš*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular - for latter rain" }, "variants": { "*yiḥălû*": "they waited/waited expectantly", "*māṭār*": "rain/rainfall", "*pîhem*": "their mouth(s)", "*pāʿărû*": "they opened wide/gaped", "*malqôš*": "latter rain/spring rain" } } 24 { "verseID": "Job.29.24", "source": "אֶשְׂחַ֣ק אֲ֭לֵהֶם לֹ֣א יַאֲמִ֑ינוּ וְא֥וֹר פָּ֝נַ֗י לֹ֣א יַפִּילֽוּן", "text": "*ʾeśḥaq* *ʾălēhem* *lōʾ* *yaʾămînû* *wə-ʾôr* *pānay* *lōʾ* *yappîlûn*", "grammar": { "*ʾeśḥaq*": "Qal imperfect, 1st person singular - I smiled/laughed", "*ʾălēhem*": "preposition + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - at them", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*yaʾămînû*": "Hiphil imperfect, 3rd person plural - they believed", "*wə-ʾôr*": "conjunction + noun, masculine singular construct - and light of", "*pānay*": "noun, masculine plural + 1st person singular suffix - my face", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*yappîlûn*": "Hiphil imperfect, 3rd person plural with paragogic nun - they cast down" }, "variants": { "*ʾeśḥaq*": "I smiled/laughed/jested", "*yaʾămînû*": "they believed/trusted", "*ʾôr pānay*": "light of my face/my cheerful countenance", "*yappîlûn*": "they cast down/let fall/diminished" } } 25 { "verseID": "Job.29.25", "source": "אֶֽבֲחַ֣ר דַּרְכָּם֮ וְאֵשֵׁ֢ב רֹ֥אשׁ וְ֭אֶשְׁכּוֹן כְּמֶ֣לֶךְ בַּגְּד֑וּד כַּאֲשֶׁ֖ר אֲבֵלִ֣ים יְנַחֵֽם", "text": "*ʾebăḥar* *darkām* *wə-ʾēšēb* *rōʾš* *wə-ʾeškôn* *kə-melek* *ba-gədûd* *ka-ʾăšer* *ʾăbēlîm* *yənaḥēm*", "grammar": { "*ʾebăḥar*": "Qal imperfect, 1st person singular - I chose", "*darkām*": "noun, masculine singular + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their way", "*wə-ʾēšēb*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect, 1st person singular - and I sat", "*rōʾš*": "noun, masculine singular - head/chief", "*wə-ʾeškôn*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect, 1st person singular - and I dwelt/lived", "*kə-melek*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular - like a king", "*ba-gədûd*": "preposition + definite article + noun, masculine singular - in the troop", "*ka-ʾăšer*": "preposition + relative particle - as one who", "*ʾăbēlîm*": "adjective, masculine plural - mourners", "*yənaḥēm*": "Piel imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he comforts" }, "variants": { "*ʾebăḥar*": "I chose/selected", "*darkām*": "their way/path/road", "*ʾēšēb*": "I sat/dwelt/remained", "*rōʾš*": "head/chief/leader", "*ʾeškôn*": "I dwelt/lived/resided", "*melek*": "king/sovereign/ruler", "*gədûd*": "troop/army/band", "*ʾăbēlîm*": "mourners/those who grieve", "*yənaḥēm*": "he comforts/consoled" } } 1 { "verseID": "Job.30.1", "source": "וְעַתָּ֤ה ׀ שָֽׂחֲק֣וּ עָלַי֮ צְעִירִ֥ים מִמֶּ֗נִּי לְיָ֫מִ֥ים אֲשֶׁר־מָאַ֥סְתִּי אֲבוֹתָ֑ם לָ֝שִׁ֗ית עִם־כַּלְבֵ֥י צֹאנִֽי", "text": "And *ʿattâ* they *śāḥăqû* upon me *ṣəʿîrîm* from me in *yāmîm* whom I *māʾastî* their *ʾăḇôṯām*, *lāśîṯ* with *kalḇê* of my *ṣōʾnî*", "grammar": { "*wə-*": "conjunction - and/but/now", "*ʿattâ*": "adverb - now", "*śāḥăqû*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd person plural - they laugh/mock", "*ʿālay*": "preposition with 1st person singular suffix - upon me", "*ṣəʿîrîm*": "adjective, masculine plural - younger ones", "*mimmennî*": "preposition with 1st person singular suffix - from me/than me", "*lə-yāmîm*": "preposition with noun, masculine plural - for days/in age", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - who/which/that", "*māʾastî*": "verb, qal perfect, 1st person singular - I rejected/despised", "*ʾăḇôṯām*": "noun, masculine plural with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their fathers", "*lāśîṯ*": "preposition with infinitive construct - to place/set/appoint", "*ʿim-kalḇê*": "preposition with noun, masculine plural construct - with dogs of", "*ṣōʾnî*": "noun, common singular with 1st person singular suffix - my flock/sheep" }, "variants": { "*ʿattâ*": "now/at this time", "*śāḥăqû*": "laugh at/mock/deride", "*ṣəʿîrîm*": "younger ones/youth/juniors", "*yāmîm*": "days/age/years", "*māʾastî*": "rejected/despised/refused", "*lāśîṯ*": "to place/to set/to appoint", "*kalḇê*": "dogs/contemptible persons" } } 2 { "verseID": "Job.30.2", "source": "גַּם־כֹּ֣חַ יְ֭דֵיהֶם לָ֣מָּה לִּ֑י עָ֝לֵ֗ימוֹ אָ֣בַד כָּֽלַח", "text": "Even *kōaḥ* of their *yəḏêhem* *lāmmâ* to me, upon them *ʾāḇaḏ* *kālaḥ*", "grammar": { "*gam*": "adverb/conjunction - also/even/moreover", "*kōaḥ*": "noun, masculine singular construct - strength of", "*yəḏêhem*": "noun, feminine dual with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their hands", "*lāmmâ*": "interrogative adverb - why/for what purpose", "*lî*": "preposition with 1st person singular suffix - to me/for me", "*ʿālêmô*": "preposition with 3rd person masculine plural suffix (poetic form) - upon them", "*ʾāḇaḏ*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - perished/was lost", "*kālaḥ*": "noun, masculine singular - vigor/full strength/old age" }, "variants": { "*kōaḥ*": "strength/power/ability", "*yəḏêhem*": "their hands/their abilities", "*lāmmâ*": "why/for what purpose/what use", "*ʾāḇaḏ*": "perished/was lost/destroyed", "*kālaḥ*": "vigor/full strength/maturity/old age" } } 3 { "verseID": "Job.30.3", "source": "בְּחֶ֥סֶר וּבְכָפָ֗ן גַּ֫לְמ֥וּד הַֽעֹרְקִ֥ים צִיָּ֑ה אֶ֝֗מֶשׁ שׁוֹאָ֥ה וּמְשֹׁאָֽה", "text": "In *ḥeser* and in *ḵāp̄ān* *galmûḏ* the *ʿōrəqîm* *ṣiyyâ*, *ʾemeš* *šôʾâ* and *məšōʾâ*", "grammar": { "*bə-ḥeser*": "preposition with noun, masculine singular - in want/lack", "*û-ḇə-ḵāp̄ān*": "conjunction with preposition with noun, masculine singular - and in famine/hunger", "*galmûḏ*": "adjective, masculine singular - barren/desolate/solitary", "*ha-ʿōrəqîm*": "definite article with verb, qal participle, masculine plural - the fleeing ones/gnawing", "*ṣiyyâ*": "noun, feminine singular - dry/arid land/desert", "*ʾemeš*": "adverb - yesterday/recently/formerly", "*šôʾâ*": "noun, feminine singular - devastation/ruin/storm", "*û-məšōʾâ*": "conjunction with noun, feminine singular - and desolation/waste" }, "variants": { "*ḥeser*": "want/need/lack/poverty", "*ḵāp̄ān*": "famine/hunger/starvation", "*galmûḏ*": "barren/desolate/solitary/lifeless", "*ʿōrəqîm*": "fleeing ones/gnawing/those who gnaw", "*ṣiyyâ*": "dry land/desert/wilderness", "*ʾemeš*": "yesterday/recently/formerly/at night", "*šôʾâ*": "devastation/ruin/storm/waste", "*məšōʾâ*": "desolation/waste/ruin" } } 4 { "verseID": "Job.30.4", "source": "הַקֹּטְפִ֣ים מַלּ֣וּחַ עֲלֵי־שִׂ֑יחַ וְשֹׁ֖רֶשׁ רְתָמִ֣ים לַחְמָֽם", "text": "The *qōṭəp̄îm* *mallûaḥ* upon *śîaḥ* and *šōreš* *rəṯāmîm* their *laḥmām*", "grammar": { "*ha-qōṭəp̄îm*": "definite article with verb, qal participle, masculine plural - the ones plucking/gathering", "*mallûaḥ*": "noun, masculine singular - mallow/salt herb", "*ʿălê-śîaḥ*": "preposition with noun, masculine singular - upon bush/shrub", "*wə-šōreš*": "conjunction with noun, masculine singular construct - and root of", "*rəṯāmîm*": "noun, masculine plural - broom trees/juniper", "*laḥmām*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their bread/food" }, "variants": { "*qōṭəp̄îm*": "plucking/gathering/picking", "*mallûaḥ*": "mallow/salt herb/purslane", "*śîaḥ*": "bush/shrub/plant", "*šōreš*": "root/base/foundation", "*rəṯāmîm*": "broom trees/juniper/retem bushes", "*laḥmām*": "their bread/their food/their sustenance" } } 5 { "verseID": "Job.30.5", "source": "מִן־גֵּ֥ו יְגֹרָ֑שׁוּ יָרִ֥יעוּ עָ֝לֵ֗ימוֹ כַּגַּנָּֽב", "text": "From *gêw* they *yəḡōrāšû*, they *yārîʿû* upon them like the *gannāḇ*", "grammar": { "*min-gêw*": "preposition with noun, masculine singular - from midst/community", "*yəḡōrāšû*": "verb, pual imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural - they are driven out", "*yārîʿû*": "verb, hiphil imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural - they shout/cry out", "*ʿălêmô*": "preposition with 3rd person masculine plural suffix (poetic form) - upon them", "*ka-gannāḇ*": "preposition of comparison with noun, masculine singular - like the thief" }, "variants": { "*gêw*": "midst/community/society", "*yəḡōrāšû*": "are driven out/expelled/banished", "*yārîʿû*": "shout after/cry out/raise an alarm", "*gannāḇ*": "thief/stealer/robber" } } 6 { "verseID": "Job.30.6", "source": "בַּעֲר֣וּץ נְחָלִ֣ים לִשְׁכֹּ֑ן חֹרֵ֖י עָפָ֣ר וְכֵפִֽים", "text": "In *ʿărûṣ* *nəḥālîm* to *liškōn* *ḥōrê* *ʿāp̄ār* and *kêp̄îm*", "grammar": { "*ba-ʿărûṣ*": "preposition with noun, masculine singular construct - in gully/ravine of", "*nəḥālîm*": "noun, masculine plural - wadis/valleys/streams", "*liškōn*": "preposition with verb, qal infinitive construct - to dwell/inhabit", "*ḥōrê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - holes of/caves of", "*ʿāp̄ār*": "noun, masculine singular - dust/earth/soil", "*wə-kêp̄îm*": "conjunction with noun, masculine plural - and rocks/cliffs" }, "variants": { "*ʿărûṣ*": "gully/ravine/ditch", "*nəḥālîm*": "wadis/valleys/streams/torrents", "*liškōn*": "to dwell/to inhabit/to live", "*ḥōrê*": "holes/caves/hollows", "*ʿāp̄ār*": "dust/earth/soil/ground", "*kêp̄îm*": "rocks/cliffs/crags" } } 7 { "verseID": "Job.30.7", "source": "בֵּין־שִׂיחִ֥ים יִנְהָ֑קוּ תַּ֖חַת חָר֣וּל יְסֻפָּֽחוּ", "text": "Between *śîḥîm* they *yinhāqû*, under *ḥārûl* they *yəsuppāḥû*", "grammar": { "*bên-śîḥîm*": "preposition with noun, masculine plural - between bushes/shrubs", "*yinhāqû*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural - they bray/howl", "*taḥat*": "preposition - under/beneath", "*ḥārûl*": "noun, masculine singular - nettle/thorn bush", "*yəsuppāḥû*": "verb, pual imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural - they are gathered/huddled together" }, "variants": { "*śîḥîm*": "bushes/shrubs/plants", "*yinhāqû*": "bray/howl/cry out", "*ḥārûl*": "nettle/thorn bush/bramble", "*yəsuppāḥû*": "are gathered together/are huddled/are joined" } } 8 { "verseID": "Job.30.8", "source": "בְּֽנֵי־נָ֭בָל גַּם־בְּנֵ֣י בְלִי־שֵׁ֑ם נִ֝כְּא֗וּ מִן־הָאָֽרֶץ", "text": "Sons of *nāḇāl* even sons of *ḇəlî-šēm* they are *nikkəʾû* from the *ʾāreṣ*", "grammar": { "*bənê-nāḇāl*": "noun, masculine plural construct with noun - sons of fool/senseless person", "*gam-bənê*": "adverb with noun, masculine plural construct - even/also sons of", "*ḇəlî-šēm*": "particle of negation with noun, masculine singular - without name/nameless", "*nikkəʾû*": "verb, niphal perfect, 3rd person plural - they are beaten/struck/scourged", "*min-hā-ʾāreṣ*": "preposition with definite article with noun, feminine singular - from the land/earth" }, "variants": { "*nāḇāl*": "fool/senseless person/godless person", "*ḇəlî-šēm*": "without name/nameless/infamous", "*nikkəʾû*": "beaten/struck/scourged/driven out", "*ʾāreṣ*": "land/earth/country/ground" } } 9 { "verseID": "Job.30.9", "source": "וְ֭עַתָּה נְגִינָתָ֣ם הָיִ֑יתִי וָאֱהִ֖י לָהֶ֣ם לְמִלָּֽה", "text": "And *ʿattâ* their *nəḡînāṯām* I *hāyîṯî*, and I *wāʾĕhî* to them for *millâ*", "grammar": { "*wə-ʿattâ*": "conjunction with adverb - and now", "*nəḡînāṯām*": "noun, feminine singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their song/mockery", "*hāyîṯî*": "verb, qal perfect, 1st person singular - I have become/was", "*wāʾĕhî*": "conjunction with verb, qal imperfect apocopated, 1st person singular - and I have become/am", "*lāhem*": "preposition with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - to them/for them", "*lə-millâ*": "preposition with noun, feminine singular - for byword/object of talk" }, "variants": { "*ʿattâ*": "now/at this time", "*nəḡînāṯām*": "their song/their mocking song/their taunt", "*hāyîṯî*": "I have become/I was/I am", "*lāhem*": "to them/for them", "*millâ*": "byword/object of talk/proverb/jest" } } 10 { "verseID": "Job.30.10", "source": "תִּֽעֲבוּנִי רָ֣חֲקוּ מֶ֑נִּי וּ֝מִפָּנַ֗י לֹא־חָ֥שְׂכוּ רֹֽק", "text": "They *tiʿăḇûnî* they *rāḥăqû* from me, and from my *mippānay* not they *ḥāśəḵû* *rōq*", "grammar": { "*tiʿăḇûnî*": "verb, piel perfect, 3rd person plural with 1st person singular suffix - they abhor me", "*rāḥăqû*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd person plural - they go far away/keep distance", "*mennî*": "preposition with 1st person singular suffix - from me", "*û-mippānay*": "conjunction with preposition with noun, plural with 1st person singular suffix - and from my face", "*lōʾ-ḥāśəḵû*": "negative particle with verb, qal perfect, 3rd person plural - they do not withhold", "*rōq*": "noun, masculine singular - spittle/spit" }, "variants": { "*tiʿăḇûnî*": "they abhor me/they detest me/they loathe me", "*rāḥăqû*": "they go far away/they distance themselves/they stay far", "*mippānay*": "from my face/from my presence", "*ḥāśəḵû*": "withhold/keep back/restrain", "*rōq*": "spittle/spit/saliva" } } 11 { "verseID": "Job.30.11", "source": "כִּֽי־*יתרו **יִתְרִ֣י פִ֭תַּח וַיְעַנֵּ֑נִי וְ֝רֶ֗סֶן מִפָּנַ֥י שִׁלֵּֽחוּ", "text": "Because His *yiṯrî* He *pittaḥ* and He *wayəʿannēnî*, and the *resen* from my *mippānay* they *šillēḥû*", "grammar": { "*kî*": "conjunction - because/for", "*yiṯrî*": "noun, masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix - my cord/bowstring", "*pittaḥ*": "verb, piel perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he loosed/opened", "*wayəʿannēnî*": "conjunction with verb, piel imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix - and he afflicted me", "*wə-resen*": "conjunction with noun, masculine singular - and bridle/restraint", "*mippānay*": "preposition with noun, plural with 1st person singular suffix - from my face/presence", "*šillēḥû*": "verb, piel perfect, 3rd person plural - they let loose/cast off" }, "variants": { "*yiṯrî*": "my cord/my bowstring/my tent-cord [text note: could be *yiṯrô* (his cord)]", "*pittaḥ*": "loosed/opened/untied", "*wayəʿannēnî*": "afflicted me/humbled me/oppressed me", "*resen*": "bridle/restraint/halter", "*šillēḥû*": "let loose/cast off/send away" } } 12 { "verseID": "Job.30.12", "source": "עַל־יָמִין֮ פִּרְחַ֢ח יָ֫ק֥וּמוּ רַגְלַ֥י שִׁלֵּ֑חוּ וַיָּסֹ֥לּוּ עָ֝לַ֗י אָרְח֥וֹת אֵידָֽם", "text": "Upon *yāmîn* *pirḥaḥ* they *yāqûmû*, my *raḡlay* they *šillēḥû*, and they *wayyāsōllû* upon me *ʾārḥôṯ* of their *ʾêḏām*", "grammar": { "*ʿal-yāmîn*": "preposition with noun, feminine singular - upon right side", "*pirḥaḥ*": "noun, masculine singular - brood/rabble", "*yāqûmû*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural - they rise/arise", "*raḡlay*": "noun, feminine dual with 1st person singular suffix - my feet", "*šillēḥû*": "verb, piel perfect, 3rd person plural - they send away/push away", "*wayyāsōllû*": "conjunction with verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural - and they cast up/raise", "*ʿālay*": "preposition with 1st person singular suffix - upon me/against me", "*ʾārḥôṯ*": "noun, feminine plural construct - paths of/ways of", "*ʾêḏām*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their calamity/destruction" }, "variants": { "*yāmîn*": "right side/right hand/south", "*pirḥaḥ*": "brood/rabble/young rabble", "*yāqûmû*": "they rise/they arise/they stand up", "*raḡlay*": "my feet/my legs", "*šillēḥû*": "they send away/they push away/they drive off", "*wayyāsōllû*": "they cast up/they raise/they heap up", "*ʾārḥôṯ*": "paths/ways/roads", "*ʾêḏām*": "their calamity/their destruction/their ruin" } } 13 { "verseID": "Job.30.13", "source": "נָתְס֗וּ נְֽתִיבָ֫תִ֥י לְהַוָּתִ֥י יֹעִ֑ילוּ לֹ֖א עֹזֵ֣ר לָֽמוֹ", "text": "They *nāṯəsû* my *nəṯîḇāṯî*, for my *hawwāṯî* they *yōʿîlû*, no *ʿōzēr* to them", "grammar": { "*nāṯəsû*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd person plural - they tear up/break down", "*nəṯîḇāṯî*": "noun, feminine singular with 1st person singular suffix - my path", "*lə-hawwāṯî*": "preposition with noun, feminine singular with 1st person singular suffix - for my ruin/calamity", "*yōʿîlû*": "verb, hiphil imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural - they advance/profit/help forward", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - no/not", "*ʿōzēr*": "verb, qal participle, masculine singular - one helping/assisting", "*lāmô*": "preposition with 3rd person masculine plural suffix (poetic form) - to them" }, "variants": { "*nāṯəsû*": "tear up/break down/destroy", "*nəṯîḇāṯî*": "my path/my way", "*hawwāṯî*": "my ruin/my calamity/my destruction", "*yōʿîlû*": "they advance/they promote/they help forward", "*ʿōzēr*": "helper/one assisting", "*lāmô*": "to them/for them" } } 14 { "verseID": "Job.30.14", "source": "כְּפֶ֣רֶץ רָחָ֣ב יֶאֱתָ֑יוּ תַּ֥חַת שֹׁ֝אָ֗ה הִתְגַּלְגָּֽלוּ", "text": "Like *pereṣ* *rāḥāḇ* they *yeʾĕṯāyû*, under *šōʾâ* they *hiṯgalgālû*", "grammar": { "*kə-p̄ereṣ*": "preposition of comparison with noun, masculine singular - like breach/gap", "*rāḥāḇ*": "adjective, masculine singular - wide/broad", "*yeʾĕṯāyû*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural - they come", "*taḥaṯ*": "preposition - under/beneath", "*šōʾâ*": "noun, feminine singular - devastation/ruin", "*hiṯgalgālû*": "verb, hithpael perfect, 3rd person plural - they roll themselves" }, "variants": { "*pereṣ*": "breach/gap/break", "*rāḥāḇ*": "wide/broad/large", "*yeʾĕṯāyû*": "they come/they arrive/they advance", "*šōʾâ*": "devastation/ruin/crash", "*hiṯgalgālû*": "they roll themselves/they tumble in/they rush in" } } 15 { "verseID": "Job.30.15", "source": "הָהְפַּ֥ךְ עָלַ֗י בַּלָּ֫ה֥וֹת תִּרְדֹּ֣ף כָּ֭רוּחַ נְדִבָתִ֑י וּ֝כְעָ֗ב עָבְרָ֥ה יְשֻׁעָתִֽי", "text": "They *hāhəpaḵ* upon me *ballāhôṯ*, *tirəddōp̄* like the *rûaḥ* my *nəḏiḇāṯî*, and like *ʿāḇ* *ʿāḇərâ* my *yəšuʿāṯî*", "grammar": { "*hāhəpaḵ*": "verb, hophal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - are turned/overturned", "*ʿālay*": "preposition with 1st person singular suffix - upon me/against me", "*ballāhôṯ*": "noun, feminine plural - terrors/sudden terrors", "*tirəddōp̄*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person feminine singular - it pursues", "*kā-rûaḥ*": "preposition of comparison with noun, feminine singular - like wind/spirit", "*nəḏiḇāṯî*": "noun, feminine singular with 1st person singular suffix - my nobility/dignity", "*û-ḵə-ʿāḇ*": "conjunction with preposition of comparison with noun, masculine singular - and like cloud", "*ʿāḇərâ*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd person feminine singular - it passed away", "*yəšuʿāṯî*": "noun, feminine singular with 1st person singular suffix - my salvation/welfare" }, "variants": { "*hāhəpaḵ*": "turned over/overturned/changed", "*ballāhôṯ*": "terrors/sudden terrors/fears", "*tirəddōp̄*": "pursues/chases after/hunts", "*rûaḥ*": "wind/breath/spirit", "*nəḏiḇāṯî*": "my nobility/my dignity/my honor", "*ʿāḇ*": "cloud/thick cloud", "*ʿāḇərâ*": "passed away/disappeared/vanished", "*yəšuʿāṯî*": "my salvation/my welfare/my prosperity" } } 16 { "verseID": "Job.30.16", "source": "וְעַתָּ֗ה עָ֭לַי תִּשְׁתַּפֵּ֣ךְ נַפְשִׁ֑י יֹ֭אחֲז֣וּנִי יְמֵי־עֹֽנִי", "text": "And *ʿattâ*, upon me *tištappēḵ* my *nap̄šî*, they *yōʾḥăzûnî* *yəmê-ʿōnî*", "grammar": { "*wə-ʿattâ*": "conjunction with adverb - and now", "*ʿālay*": "preposition with 1st person singular suffix - upon me", "*tištappēḵ*": "verb, hithpael imperfect, 3rd person feminine singular - it pours itself out", "*nap̄šî*": "noun, feminine singular with 1st person singular suffix - my soul", "*yōʾḥăzûnî*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural with 1st person singular suffix - they seize me", "*yəmê-ʿōnî*": "noun, masculine plural construct with noun, masculine singular - days of affliction" }, "variants": { "*ʿattâ*": "now/at this time", "*tištappēḵ*": "pours itself out/is poured out/melts away", "*nap̄šî*": "my soul/my being/my life", "*yōʾḥăzûnî*": "they seize me/they take hold of me/they grip me", "*yəmê-ʿōnî*": "days of affliction/days of suffering/days of misery" } } 17 { "verseID": "Job.30.17", "source": "לַ֗יְלָה עֲ֭צָמַי נִקַּ֣ר מֵעָלָ֑י וְ֝עֹרְקַ֗י לֹ֣א יִשְׁכָּבֽוּן", "text": "*laylâ* my *ʿăṣāmay* *niqqar* from upon me, and my *ʿōrəqay* not *yiškāḇûn*", "grammar": { "*laylâ*": "noun, masculine singular - night", "*ʿăṣāmay*": "noun, feminine plural with 1st person singular suffix - my bones", "*niqqar*": "verb, piel perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - pierce/bore through", "*mēʿālāy*": "preposition with preposition with 1st person singular suffix - from upon me", "*wə-ʿōrəqay*": "conjunction with noun, masculine plural with 1st person singular suffix - and my sinews/veins", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*yiškāḇûn*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural with paragogic nun - they lie down/rest" }, "variants": { "*laylâ*": "night/nighttime", "*ʿăṣāmay*": "my bones/my skeleton", "*niqqar*": "pierce/bore through/gnaw", "*ʿōrəqay*": "my sinews/my veins/my nerves", "*yiškāḇûn*": "they lie down/they rest/they sleep" } } 18 { "verseID": "Job.30.18", "source": "בְּרָב־כֹּ֭חַ יִתְחַפֵּ֣שׂ לְבוּשִׁ֑י כְּפִ֖י כֻתָּנְתִּ֣י יַֽאַזְרֵֽנִי", "text": "By *rāḇ-kōaḥ* it *yiṯḥappēś* my *ləḇûšî*, like *pî* my *ḵuttāntî* it *yaʾazrēnî*", "grammar": { "*bə-rāḇ-kōaḥ*": "preposition with noun, masculine singular construct with noun, masculine singular - by great strength/force", "*yiṯḥappēś*": "verb, hithpael imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - it disguises itself/changes form", "*ləḇûšî*": "noun, masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix - my garment", "*kə-p̄î*": "preposition of comparison with noun, masculine singular construct - like mouth of/opening of", "*ḵuttāntî*": "noun, feminine singular with 1st person singular suffix - my tunic/coat", "*yaʾazrēnî*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix - it girds me/binds me" }, "variants": { "*rāḇ-kōaḥ*": "great strength/great force/great power", "*yiṯḥappēś*": "disguises itself/changes form/is disfigured", "*ləḇûšî*": "my garment/my clothing", "*pî*": "mouth of/opening of/collar of", "*ḵuttāntî*": "my tunic/my coat/my undergarment", "*yaʾazrēnî*": "girds me/binds me/surrounds me" } } 19 { "verseID": "Job.30.19", "source": "הֹרָ֥נִי לַחֹ֑מֶר וָ֝אֶתְמַשֵּׁ֗ל כֶּעָפָ֥ר וָאֵֽפֶר", "text": "He *hōrānî* to the *ḥōmer* and I *wāʾeṯmaššēl* like *ʿāp̄ār* and *wāʾēp̄er*", "grammar": { "*hōrānî*": "verb, hiphil perfect, 3rd person masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix - he has cast me/thrown me", "*la-ḥōmer*": "preposition with definite article with noun, masculine singular - to the clay/mud", "*wāʾeṯmaššēl*": "conjunction with verb, hithpael imperfect, 1st person singular - and I become like/resemble", "*ke-ʿāp̄ār*": "preposition of comparison with noun, masculine singular - like dust", "*wā-ʾēp̄er*": "conjunction with noun, masculine singular - and ashes" }, "variants": { "*hōrānî*": "cast me/thrown me/hurled me", "*ḥōmer*": "clay/mud/mire", "*wāʾeṯmaššēl*": "become like/resemble/am comparable to", "*ʿāp̄ār*": "dust/earth/soil", "*ʾēp̄er*": "ashes/dust" } } 20 { "verseID": "Job.30.20", "source": "אֲשַׁוַּ֣ע אֵ֭לֶיךָ וְלֹ֣א תַעֲנֵ֑נִי עָ֝מַ֗דְתִּי וַתִּתְבֹּ֥נֶן בִּֽי", "text": "I *ʾăšawwaʿ* to You and not You *taʿănēnî*, I *ʿāmaḏtî* and You *wattiṯbōnen* at me", "grammar": { "*ʾăšawwaʿ*": "verb, piel imperfect, 1st person singular - I cry out", "*ʾēleḵā*": "preposition with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - to you", "*wə-lōʾ*": "conjunction with negative particle - and not", "*taʿănēnî*": "verb, qal imperfect, 2nd person masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix - you answer me", "*ʿāmaḏtî*": "verb, qal perfect, 1st person singular - I stand/stood", "*wattiṯbōnen*": "conjunction with verb, hithpael imperfect, 2nd person masculine singular - and you look at/consider", "*bî*": "preposition with 1st person singular suffix - at me/on me" }, "variants": { "*ʾăšawwaʿ*": "cry out/call for help/plead", "*taʿănēnî*": "answer me/respond to me", "*ʿāmaḏtî*": "I stand/I stood/I remain", "*wattiṯbōnen*": "look at/consider/gaze at", "*bî*": "at me/on me/against me" } } 21 { "verseID": "Job.30.21", "source": "תֵּהָפֵ֣ךְ לְאַכְזָ֣ר לִ֑י בְּעֹ֖צֶם יָדְךָ֣ תִשְׂטְמֵֽנִי", "text": "You *tēhāp̄ēḵ* to *ʾaḵzār* to me, with the *ʿōṣem* of Your *yāḏəḵā* You *tiśṭəmēnî*", "grammar": { "*tēhāp̄ēḵ*": "verb, niphal imperfect, 2nd person masculine singular - you are turned/changed", "*lə-ʾaḵzār*": "preposition with adjective, masculine singular - to cruel one/harshness", "*lî*": "preposition with 1st person singular suffix - to me/against me", "*bə-ʿōṣem*": "preposition with noun, masculine singular construct - with strength/might of", "*yāḏəḵā*": "noun, feminine singular with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your hand", "*tiśṭəmēnî*": "verb, qal imperfect, 2nd person masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix - you persecute me/oppose me" }, "variants": { "*tēhāp̄ēḵ*": "turned/changed/transformed", "*ʾaḵzār*": "cruel one/harsh one/fierce one", "*ʿōṣem*": "strength/might/power", "*yāḏəḵā*": "your hand/your power", "*tiśṭəmēnî*": "persecute me/oppose me/hate me" } } 22 { "verseID": "Job.30.22", "source": "תִּשָּׂאֵ֣נִי אֶל־ר֖‪[d]‬וּחַ תַּרְכִּיבֵ֑נִי וּ֝תְמֹגְגֵ֗נִי *תשוה **תּוּשִׁיָּֽה", "text": "You *tiśśāʾēnî* to *rûaḥ*, You *tarkîḇēnî* and You *ûṯəmōḡəḡēnî* *tûšiyyâ*", "grammar": { "*tiśśāʾēnî*": "verb, qal imperfect, 2nd person masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix - you lift me up", "*ʾel-rûaḥ*": "preposition with noun, feminine singular - to wind", "*tarkîḇēnî*": "verb, hiphil imperfect, 2nd person masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix - you cause me to ride", "*ûṯəmōḡəḡēnî*": "conjunction with verb, poel imperfect, 2nd person masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix - and you melt me/dissolve me", "*tûšiyyâ*": "noun, feminine singular - wisdom/sound wisdom" }, "variants": { "*tiśśāʾēnî*": "lift me up/carry me away/bear me off", "*rûaḥ*": "wind/spirit/breath", "*tarkîḇēnî*": "cause me to ride/mount me upon/make me ride", "*ûṯəmōḡəḡēnî*": "melt me/dissolve me/cause me to melt away", "*tûšiyyâ*": "wisdom/sound wisdom/success [text note: variant *tašweh* (you level/equalize)]" } } 23 { "verseID": "Job.30.23", "source": "כִּֽי־יָ֭דַעְתִּי מָ֣וֶת תְּשִׁיבֵ֑נִי וּבֵ֖ית מוֹעֵ֣ד לְכָל־חָֽי", "text": "For I *yāḏaʿtî* *māweṯ* You *təšîḇēnî*, and *bêṯ* *môʿēḏ* for all *ḥāy*", "grammar": { "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*yāḏaʿtî*": "verb, qal perfect, 1st person singular - I know", "*māweṯ*": "noun, masculine singular - death", "*təšîḇēnî*": "verb, hiphil imperfect, 2nd person masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix - you will bring me back/return me", "*û-ḇêṯ*": "conjunction with noun, masculine singular construct - and house of", "*môʿēḏ*": "noun, masculine singular - appointed place/meeting", "*lə-ḵāl-ḥāy*": "preposition with noun, masculine singular construct with adjective - for all living" }, "variants": { "*yāḏaʿtî*": "I know/I am aware", "*māweṯ*": "death/dying", "*təšîḇēnî*": "bring me back/return me/restore me", "*bêṯ*": "house/place/abode", "*môʿēḏ*": "appointed place/meeting place/assembly", "*ḥāy*": "living/alive" } } 24 { "verseID": "Job.30.24", "source": "אַ֣ךְ לֹא־בְ֭עִי יִשְׁלַח־יָ֑ד אִם־בְּ֝פִיד֗וֹ לָהֶ֥ן שֽׁוּעַ", "text": "Surely not in *ḇəʿî* He *yišlaḥ-yāḏ* if in His *pîḏô* to them *šûaʿ*", "grammar": { "*ʾaḵ*": "adverb - surely/only/but", "*lōʾ-ḇəʿî*": "negative particle with noun, masculine singular - not in ruin/heap", "*yišlaḥ-yāḏ*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular with noun, feminine singular - he stretches out hand", "*ʾim-bə-p̄îḏô*": "conditional particle with preposition with noun, masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - if in his disaster/calamity", "*lāhen*": "preposition with 3rd person feminine plural suffix - to them/for them", "*šûaʿ*": "noun, masculine singular - cry for help" }, "variants": { "*ʾaḵ*": "surely/only/however", "*ḇəʿî*": "ruin/heap/prayer/petition", "*yišlaḥ-yāḏ*": "stretches out hand/sends hand/extends hand", "*pîḏô*": "his disaster/his calamity/his destruction", "*lāhen*": "to them/for them (feminine)", "*šûaʿ*": "cry for help/plea" } } 25 { "verseID": "Job.30.25", "source": "אִם־לֹ֣א בָ֭כִיתִי לִקְשֵׁה־י֑וֹם עָֽגְמָ֥ה נַ֝פְשִׁ֗י לָאֶבְיֽוֹן", "text": "If not I *ḇāḵîṯî* for *qəšēh-yôm* *ʿāḡəmâ* my *nap̄šî* for the *ʾeḇyôn*", "grammar": { "*ʾim-lōʾ*": "conditional particle with negative particle - if not/surely", "*ḇāḵîṯî*": "verb, qal perfect, 1st person singular - I wept", "*li-qəšēh-yôm*": "preposition with adjective, masculine singular construct with noun, masculine singular - for hard of day/troubled", "*ʿāḡəmâ*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd person feminine singular - was grieved", "*nap̄šî*": "noun, feminine singular with 1st person singular suffix - my soul", "*lā-ʾeḇyôn*": "preposition with definite article with adjective, masculine singular - for the needy/poor" }, "variants": { "*ḇāḵîṯî*": "I wept/I cried", "*qəšēh-yôm*": "hard of day/troubled one/one in adversity", "*ʿāḡəmâ*": "was grieved/was sad/was sorrowful", "*nap̄šî*": "my soul/my being/myself", "*ʾeḇyôn*": "needy one/poor one/destitute one" } } 26 { "verseID": "Job.30.26", "source": "כִּ֤י ט֣וֹב קִ֭וִּיתִי וַיָּ֣בֹא רָ֑ע וַֽאֲיַחֲלָ֥ה לְ֝א֗וֹר וַיָּ֥בֹא אֹֽפֶל", "text": "For *ṭôḇ* I *qiwwîṯî* and *wayyāḇōʾ* *rāʿ*, and I *waʾăyaḥălâ* for *ʾôr* and *wayyāḇōʾ* *ʾōp̄el*", "grammar": { "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because/when", "*ṭôḇ*": "adjective, masculine singular - good", "*qiwwîṯî*": "verb, piel perfect, 1st person singular - I waited for/expected", "*wayyāḇōʾ*": "conjunction with verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - and it came", "*rāʿ*": "adjective, masculine singular - evil/bad", "*waʾăyaḥălâ*": "conjunction with verb, piel imperfect cohortative, 1st person singular - and I waited/hoped for", "*lə-ʾôr*": "preposition with noun, masculine singular - for light", "*wayyāḇōʾ*": "conjunction with verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - and it came", "*ʾōp̄el*": "noun, masculine singular - darkness/gloom" }, "variants": { "*ṭôḇ*": "good/pleasant/agreeable", "*qiwwîṯî*": "waited for/expected/hoped for", "*wayyāḇōʾ*": "came/arrived", "*rāʿ*": "evil/bad/distress", "*waʾăyaḥălâ*": "waited for/hoped for/expected", "*ʾôr*": "light/daylight/brightness", "*ʾōp̄el*": "darkness/gloom/deep darkness" } } 27 { "verseID": "Job.30.27", "source": "מֵעַ֖י רֻתְּח֥וּ וְלֹא־דָ֗מּוּ קִדְּמֻ֥נִי יְמֵי־עֹֽנִי", "text": "My *mēʿay* *ruttəḥû* and not *ḏāmmû*, *qiddəmûnî* *yəmê-ʿōnî*", "grammar": { "*mēʿay*": "noun, masculine plural with 1st person singular suffix - my inward parts/bowels", "*ruttəḥû*": "verb, pual perfect, 3rd person plural - they boil/are agitated", "*wə-lōʾ-ḏāmmû*": "conjunction with negative particle with verb, qal perfect, 3rd person plural - and not they are quiet", "*qiddəmûnî*": "verb, piel perfect, 3rd person plural with 1st person singular suffix - they come before me/confront me", "*yəmê-ʿōnî*": "noun, masculine plural construct with noun, masculine singular - days of affliction" }, "variants": { "*mēʿay*": "my inward parts/my bowels/my insides", "*ruttəḥû*": "boil/are agitated/are troubled", "*ḏāmmû*": "are quiet/are still/cease", "*qiddəmûnî*": "come before me/confront me/meet me", "*yəmê-ʿōnî*": "days of affliction/days of suffering/days of misery" } } 28 { "verseID": "Job.30.28", "source": "קֹדֵ֣ר הִ֭לַּכְתִּי בְּלֹ֣א חַמָּ֑ה קַ֖מְתִּי בַקָּהָ֣ל אֲשַׁוֵּֽעַ", "text": "*qōḏēr* I *hillaktî* without *ḥammâ*, I *qamtî* in the *qāhāl* I *ʾăšawwēaʿ*", "grammar": { "*qōḏēr*": "adjective, masculine singular - darkened/mourning", "*hillaktî*": "verb, piel perfect, 1st person singular - I walk about/go about", "*bə-lōʾ*": "preposition with negative particle - without", "*ḥammâ*": "noun, feminine singular - sun/heat", "*qamtî*": "verb, qal perfect, 1st person singular - I arise/stand up", "*ḇa-qqāhāl*": "preposition with definite article with noun, masculine singular - in the assembly/congregation", "*ʾăšawwēaʿ*": "verb, piel imperfect, 1st person singular - I cry out/call for help" }, "variants": { "*qōḏēr*": "darkened/mourning/in mourning apparel", "*hillaktî*": "walk about/go about/wander", "*ḥammâ*": "sun/heat/sunlight", "*qamtî*": "arise/stand up/get up", "*qāhāl*": "assembly/congregation/community", "*ʾăšawwēaʿ*": "cry out/call for help/plead" } } 29 { "verseID": "Job.30.29", "source": "אָ֭ח הָיִ֣יתִי לְתַנִּ֑ים וְ֝רֵ֗עַ לִבְנ֥וֹת יַעֲנָֽה", "text": "*ʾāḥ* I *hāyîṯî* to *tannîm*, and *rēaʿ* to *ḇənôṯ* *yaʿănâ*", "grammar": { "*ʾāḥ*": "noun, masculine singular - brother", "*hāyîṯî*": "verb, qal perfect, 1st person singular - I have become/was", "*lə-tannîm*": "preposition with noun, masculine plural - to jackals/dragons", "*wə-rēaʿ*": "conjunction with noun, masculine singular - and companion/friend", "*li-ḇənôṯ*": "preposition with noun, feminine plural construct - to daughters of", "*yaʿănâ*": "noun, feminine singular - ostrich" }, "variants": { "*ʾāḥ*": "brother/kinsman", "*hāyîṯî*": "have become/was/am", "*tannîm*": "jackals/dragons/wild dogs", "*rēaʿ*": "companion/friend/associate", "*ḇənôṯ yaʿănâ*": "daughters of ostrich/ostriches/female ostriches" } } 30 { "verseID": "Job.30.30", "source": "ע֭וֹרִי שָׁחַ֣ר מֵעָלָ֑י וְעַצְמִי־חָ֝֗רָה מִנִּי־חֹֽרֶב", "text": "My *ʿôrî* *šāḥar* from upon me, and my *ʿaṣmî-ḥārâ* from *ḥōreḇ*", "grammar": { "*ʿôrî*": "noun, masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix - my skin", "*šāḥar*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - becomes black/darkens", "*mēʿālāy*": "preposition with preposition with 1st person singular suffix - from upon me", "*wə-ʿaṣmî*": "conjunction with noun, feminine singular with 1st person singular suffix - and my bone", "*ḥārâ*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd person feminine singular - burns/is hot", "*minnî-ḥōreḇ*": "preposition with noun, masculine singular - from heat/drought" }, "variants": { "*ʿôrî*": "my skin/my hide", "*šāḥar*": "becomes black/darkens/grows dark", "*ʿaṣmî*": "my bone/my skeleton/my frame", "*ḥārâ*": "burns/is hot/is inflamed", "*ḥōreḇ*": "heat/drought/burning" } } 31 { "verseID": "Job.30.31", "source": "וַיְהִ֣י לְ֭אֵבֶל כִּנֹּרִ֑י וְ֝עֻגָבִ֗י לְק֣וֹל בֹּכִֽים", "text": "And *wayəhî* to *ʾēḇel* my *kinnōrî*, and my *ʿuḡāḇî* to *qôl* *bōḵîm*", "grammar": { "*wayəhî*": "conjunction with verb, qal imperfect apocopated, 3rd person masculine singular - and it becomes/it is", "*lə-ʾēḇel*": "preposition with noun, masculine singular - to mourning", "*kinnōrî*": "noun, masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix - my harp/lyre", "*wə-ʿuḡāḇî*": "conjunction with noun, masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix - and my flute/pipe", "*lə-qôl*": "preposition with noun, masculine singular construct - for voice of", "*bōḵîm*": "verb, qal participle, masculine plural - weeping ones" }, "variants": { "*wayəhî*": "becomes/is/turns into", "*ʾēḇel*": "mourning/lamentation", "*kinnōrî*": "my harp/my lyre", "*ʿuḡāḇî*": "my flute/my pipe/my reed instrument", "*qôl*": "voice/sound", "*bōḵîm*": "weeping ones/those who weep" } }
• Ps 55:14 : 14 { "verseID": "Psalms.55.14", "source": "וְאַתָּ֣ה אֱנ֣וֹשׁ כְּעֶרְכִּ֑י אַ֝לּוּפִ֗י וּמְיֻדָּֽעִי׃", "text": "But *ʾattāh ʾĕnôš* like *ʿerkî ʾallûpî ûməyuddāʿî*", "grammar": { "*wəʾattāh*": "waw conjunction with 2nd person masculine singular pronoun - but you", "*ʾĕnôš*": "masculine singular noun - man", "*ʿerkî*": "masculine singular noun with 1st person singular suffix and prefixed preposition kaph (like) - like my equal/value", "*ʾallûpî*": "masculine singular noun with 1st person singular suffix - my friend/companion", "*ûməyuddāʿî*": "pual participle, masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix and waw conjunction - and my acquaintance" }, "variants": { "*ʾattāh*": "you", "*ʾĕnôš*": "man/mortal/human", "*ʿerkî*": "my equal/my estimation/my value", "*ʾallûpî*": "my friend/my companion/my familiar friend", "*məyuddāʿî*": "my acquaintance/my familiar friend/one known to me" } }