1 Kings 4:5

Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts

Azariah, son of Nathan, was over the officials; Zabud, son of Nathan, was a priest and advisor to the king.

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

וַעֲזַרְיָ֥הוּ בֶן־נָתָ֖ן עַל־הַנִּצָּבִ֑ים וְזָב֧וּד בֶּן־נָתָ֛ן כֹּהֵ֖ן רֵעֶ֥ה הַמֶּֽלֶךְ׃

Transliteration

And-ʿĂzaryāhû son-of-Nātān over-the-niṣṣābîm; and-Zābûd son-of-Nātān kōhēn rēʿeh the-melek

Grammar Details

• *ʿĂzaryāhû*: proper noun - Azariah
• *Nātān*: proper noun - Nathan
• *niṣṣābîm*: definite noun, masculine plural, Niphal participle - the officers/deputies
• *Zābûd*: proper noun - Zabud
• *kōhēn*: noun, masculine singular - priest
• *rēʿeh*: noun, masculine singular construct - friend of
• *melek*: definite noun, masculine singular - the king

Word Meanings

• *niṣṣābîm*: officers/deputies/appointed ones
• *kōhēn*: priest/minister/advisor
• *rēʿeh*: friend/companion/confidant

Other Translations

• King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)

  And Azariah the son of Nathan was over the officers: and Zabud the son of Nathan was principal officer, and the king's friend:

• KJV1611 – Modern English

  And Azariah the son of Nathan was over the officers; and Zabud the son of Nathan was chief officer, and the king's friend.

• King James Version 1611 (Original)

  And Azariah the son of Nathan was over the officers: and Zabud the son of Nathan was principal officer, and the king's friend:

• American Standard Version with Strong's Numbers

  and Azariah{H5838} the son{H1121} of Nathan{H5416} was over the officers;{H5324} and Zabud{H2071} the son{H1121} of Nathan{H5416} was chief minister,{H3548} [and] the king's{H4428} friend;{H7463}

• King James Version with Strong's Numbers

  And Azariah{H5838} the son{H1121} of Nathan{H5416} was over the officers{H5324}{(H8737)}: and Zabud{H2071} the son{H1121} of Nathan{H5416} was principal officer{H3548}, and the king's{H4428} friend{H7463}:

• Coverdale Bible (1535)

  Asaria the sonne of Nathan was ouer the officers: Sabud the sonne of Nathan the prest was the kynges frende:

• Geneva Bible (1560)

  And Azariah the sonne of Nathan was ouer the officers, and Zabud the sonne of Nathan Priest was the Kings friend,

• Bishops' Bible (1568)

  And Azariahu the sonne of Nathan was ouer the officers: And Zabud the sonne of Nathan was a priest, ye kinges companion.

• Authorized King James Version (1611)

  And Azariah the son of Nathan [was] over the officers: and Zabud the son of Nathan [was] principal officer, [and] the king's friend:

• Webster's Bible (1833)

  and Azariah the son of Nathan was over the officers; and Zabud the son of Nathan was chief minister, [and] the king's friend;

• Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

  and Azariah son of Nathan `is' over the officers; and Zabud son of Nathan `is' minister, friend of the king;

• American Standard Version (1901)

  and Azariah the son of Nathan was over the officers; and Zabud the son of Nathan was chief minister, `and' the king's friend;

• American Standard Version (1901)

  and Azariah the son of Nathan was over the officers; and Zabud the son of Nathan was chief minister, [and] the king's friend;

• Bible in Basic English (1941)

  Azariah, the son of Nathan, was over those in authority in the different divisions of the country; Zabud, the son of Nathan, was priest and the king's friend;

• World English Bible (2000)

  and Azariah the son of Nathan was over the officers; and Zabud the son of Nathan was chief minister, [and] the king's friend;

• NET Bible® (New English Translation)

  Azariah son of Nathan was supervisor of the district governors.Zabud son of Nathan was a priest and adviser to the king.

Referenced Verses

• 2 Sam 15:37 : 37 So Hushai, David's friend, arrived in the city just as Absalom was entering Jerusalem.
• 2 Sam 16:16 : 16 When Hushai the Arkite, David's friend, came to Absalom, he said to him, "Long live the king! Long live the king!"
• 1 Chr 27:33 : 33 Ahithophel was the king's counselor. Hushai the Archite was the king's confidant.
• Prov 22:11 : 11 One who loves a pure heart and speaks with grace will have the king as his friend.
• John 13:23 : 23 One of His disciples, the one Jesus loved, was reclining close beside Him.
• John 15:14-15 : 14 You are my friends if you do what I command. 15 I no longer call you servants because a servant does not know what his master is doing. Instead, I have called you friends because everything I heard from my Father I have made known to you.
• Jas 2:23 : 23 And the Scripture was fulfilled that says, 'Abraham believed God, and it was credited to him as righteousness,' and he was called a friend of God.
• 2 Sam 19:37-38 : 37 Your servant will merely cross the Jordan with the king for a short distance. Why should the king reward me with such a benefit? 38 Let your servant dwell here and die in my own town near the graves of my father and mother. But here is your servant Chimham. Let him cross over with my lord the king, and do for him whatever seems good to you."
• 2 Sam 20:26 : 26 Ira the Jairite also served as a priest for David.
• 1 Kgs 1:10-53 : 10 But he did not invite Nathan the prophet, Benaiah, the mighty men, or his brother Solomon. 11 Then Nathan said to Bathsheba, Solomon’s mother, "Have you not heard that Adonijah, the son of Haggith, has become king, and our lord David does not know about it?" 12 "Now go, please, let me advise you so that you may save your own life and the life of your son Solomon. 13 Go to King David and say to him, 'My lord the king, did you not swear to your servant, saying, "Solomon your son shall reign after me, and he shall sit on my throne"? Then why has Adonijah become king?' 14 While you are still speaking to the king, I will come in after you and confirm your words." 15 So Bathsheba went to see the king in his chamber. The king was very old, and Abishag the Shunammite was attending to him. 16 Bathsheba bowed low and paid homage to the king. The king asked her, "What is it you want?" 17 She said to him, "My lord, you yourself swore by the LORD your God to your servant, saying, 'Solomon your son will reign after me, and he will sit on my throne.' 18 But now Adonijah has made himself king, and you, my lord the king, do not know about it. 19 He has sacrificed oxen, fattened cattle, and sheep in abundance. He has invited all the king's sons, Abiathar the priest, and Joab, the commander of the army, but he did not invite your servant Solomon. 20 Now, my lord the king, the eyes of all Israel are on you, to tell them who will sit on the throne of my lord the king after him. 21 Otherwise, when my lord the king rests with his ancestors, I and my son Solomon will be treated as offenders. 22 While she was still speaking with the king, Nathan the prophet arrived. 23 The king was informed, "Nathan the prophet is here." So Nathan came before the king and bowed with his face to the ground. 24 Then Nathan said, "My lord the king, have you declared that Adonijah will reign after you and sit on your throne? 25 Today he has gone down and sacrificed oxen, fattened cattle, and sheep in abundance. He has invited all the king's sons, the commanders of the army, and Abiathar the priest. Right now they are eating and drinking with him, and they are saying, 'Long live King Adonijah!' 26 But me—your servant—and Zadok the priest, Benaiah son of Jehoiada, and your servant Solomon, he did not invite. 27 Is this decision from my lord the king, without letting your servants know who is to sit on the throne of my lord the king after him?" 28 King David responded, "Call Bathsheba to me." So she came into the king's presence and stood before him. 29 The king swore an oath and said, "As surely as the LORD lives, who has redeemed my life from every trouble, 30 I will carry out today what I swore to you by the LORD, the God of Israel, saying: 'Your son Solomon will reign after me, and he will sit on my throne in my place.' 31 Then Bathsheba bowed down with her face to the ground to pay homage to the king and said, "May my lord King David live forever!" 32 King David said, "Call Zadok the priest, Nathan the prophet, and Benaiah son of Jehoiada to me." When they came before the king, 33 the king said to them, "Take my servants with you, have Solomon my son ride on my own mule, and escort him down to Gihon. 34 There Zadok the priest and Nathan the prophet are to anoint him king over Israel. Blow the ram's horn and declare, 'Long live King Solomon!' 35 You are to go up with him, and he is to sit on my throne and reign in my place. I have appointed him ruler over Israel and Judah.' 36 Benaiah son of Jehoiada answered the king, "Amen! May the LORD, the God of my lord the king, so declare it! 37 Just as the LORD was with my lord the king, so may He be with Solomon and make his throne even greater than the throne of my lord King David." 38 So Zadok the priest, Nathan the prophet, Benaiah son of Jehoiada, the Cherethites, and the Pelethites went down and had Solomon ride on King David's mule, and they escorted him to Gihon. 39 Zadok the priest took the horn of oil from the sacred tent and anointed Solomon. Then they blew the ram's horn, and all the people shouted, "Long live King Solomon!" 40 All the people went up after him, playing flutes and rejoicing with such great joy that the ground shook from the sound. 41 Adonijah and all the guests who were with him heard the sound as they finished their meal. When Joab heard the sound of the trumpet, he asked, "Why is there such a commotion in the city?" 42 While he was still speaking, Jonathan, son of Abiathar the priest, arrived. Adonijah said, "Come in, for you are a worthy man, and surely you bring good news." 43 Jonathan replied to Adonijah, "No! Our lord King David has made Solomon king. 44 The king sent Zadok the priest, Nathan the prophet, Benaiah son of Jehoiada, the Cherethites, and the Pelethites with him, and they have placed him on the king's mule. 45 Zadok the priest and Nathan the prophet have anointed him king at Gihon. They have gone up from there rejoicing, and the city is in an uproar. That is the noise you heard. 46 Moreover, Solomon has taken his seat on the royal throne. 47 The king's servants have also come to bless our lord King David, saying, 'May your God make Solomon's name more famous than yours and his throne greater than yours!' And the king bowed on his bed in worship. 48 And the king said, 'Blessed be the LORD, the God of Israel, who has allowed one of my descendants to sit on my throne today, and my own eyes have seen it.'" 49 At this, all the guests who were with Adonijah were terrified; they got up and scattered, each going his own way. 50 But Adonijah, fearing Solomon, went and took hold of the horns of the altar. 51 It was reported to Solomon, "Adonijah is afraid of King Solomon and has taken hold of the horns of the altar, saying, 'Let King Solomon swear to me today that he will not put his servant to death by the sword.'" 52 Solomon replied, "If he proves himself to be a man of integrity, not a single hair of his head will fall to the ground. But if evil is found in him, he will die." 53 So King Solomon sent men, and they brought Adonijah down from the altar. He came and bowed to King Solomon, who said to him, "Go to your home."
• 1 Kgs 4:7 : 7 Solomon had twelve officials over all Israel, who supplied provisions for the king and his household, each one responsible for providing throughout one month of the year.
• 2 Sam 7:2 : 2 the king said to Nathan the prophet, "See now, I am living in a house of cedar, but the ark of God remains in a tent."
• 2 Sam 8:18 : 18 Benaiah son of Jehoiada was over the Cherethites and Pelethites, and David's sons were priests.
• 2 Sam 12:1-9 : 1 The Lord sent Nathan to David. When Nathan arrived, he said to him, "There were two men in a city. One was rich, and the other was poor." 2 The rich man had a great many flocks and herds. 3 But the poor man had nothing except one small ewe lamb that he had bought. He raised it, and it grew up with him and his children. It ate from his food, drank from his cup, and slept in his arms. It was like a daughter to him. 4 Now, a traveler came to the rich man, but he was unwilling to take from his own flock or herd to prepare a meal for the traveler who had come to him. Instead, he took the poor man’s ewe lamb and prepared it for his guest. 5 David burned with anger against the man and said to Nathan, "As surely as the Lord lives, the man who did this deserves to die! 6 He must pay back four times the price of the lamb because he did such a thing and had no pity! 7 Then Nathan said to David, "You are the man! This is what the Lord, the God of Israel, says: 'I anointed you king over Israel, and I delivered you from the hand of Saul. 8 'I gave you your master’s house and your master’s wives into your arms. I also gave you the house of Israel and Judah. And if all this had been too little, I would have given you even more. 9 Why did you despise the word of the Lord by doing what is evil in His eyes? You struck down Uriah the Hittite with the sword and took his wife to be your own. You killed him with the sword of the Ammonites! 10 Now, therefore, the sword will never depart from your house because you despised me and took the wife of Uriah the Hittite to be your own.' 11 This is what the Lord says: 'Look, I am going to bring disaster upon you from within your own household. I will take your wives before your very eyes and give them to someone close to you, who will sleep with them in broad daylight. 12 You did it in secret, but I will make this happen in front of all Israel and in broad daylight.' 13 Then David said to Nathan, 'I have sinned against the Lord.' Nathan replied, 'The Lord has taken away your sin; you will not die. 14 However, because by doing this you have shown utter contempt for the Lord, the son born to you will surely die.' 15 After Nathan had gone home, the Lord struck the child that Uriah’s wife had borne to David, and the child became ill.
• 2 Sam 12:25 : 25 and because the Lord loved him, he sent word through Nathan the prophet to name him Jedidiah.