Exodus 28:12

Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts

Place the two stones on the shoulder pieces of the ephod as memorial stones for the sons of Israel. Aaron is to bear their names before the LORD on his shoulders as a memorial.

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

וְשַׂמְתָּ֞ אֶת־שְׁתֵּ֣י הָאֲבָנִ֗ים עַ֚ל כִּתְפֹ֣ת הָֽאֵפֹ֔ד אַבְנֵ֥י זִכָּרֹ֖ן לִבְנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל וְנָשָׂא֩ אַהֲרֹ֨ן אֶת־שְׁמוֹתָ֜ם לִפְנֵ֧י יְהוָ֛ה עַל־שְׁתֵּ֥י כְתֵפָ֖יו לְזִכָּרֹֽן׃ ס

Transliteration

And śamtā ʾet-two hāʾăbānîm on kitpōt hāʾēpōd, ʾabnê zikkārōn for bənê yiśrāʾēl. And nāśāʾ ʾahărōn ʾet-šəmôtām before YHWH on-two kətēpāyw for zikkārōn.

Grammar Details

• *wəśamtā*: conjunction + qal perfect, 2nd person masculine singular - and you shall put
• *ʾet-šəttê*: direct object marker + numeral feminine construct - the two of
• *hāʾăbānîm*: definite article + noun feminine plural - the stones
• *ʿal*: preposition - on
• *kitpōt*: noun feminine plural construct - shoulder pieces of
• *hāʾēpōd*: definite article + noun masculine singular - the ephod
• *ʾabnê*: noun feminine plural construct - stones of
• *zikkārōn*: noun masculine singular - memorial, remembrance
• *libnê*: preposition + noun masculine plural construct - for sons of
• *yiśrāʾēl*: proper noun - Israel
• *wənāśāʾ*: conjunction + qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - and shall bear
• *ʾahărōn*: proper noun - Aaron
• *ʾet-šəmôtām*: direct object marker + noun masculine plural construct with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their names
• *lipnê*: preposition + noun masculine plural construct - before
• *YHWH*: proper noun - LORD
• *ʿal-šəttê*: preposition + numeral feminine construct - on two of
• *kətēpāyw*: noun feminine dual construct with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his shoulders
• *ləzikkārōn*: preposition + noun masculine singular - for remembrance

Word Meanings

• *kitpōt*: shoulder pieces, shoulder straps
• *ʾabnê zikkārōn*: stones of memorial, memorial stones, remembrance stones
• *nāśāʾ*: bear, carry, lift
• *ləzikkārōn*: for remembrance, for memorial, as a reminder

Other Translations

• King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)

  And thou shalt put the two stones upon the shoulders of the ephod for stones of memorial unto the children of Israel: and Aaron shall bear their names before the LORD upon his two shoulders for a memorial.

• KJV1611 – Modern English

  And you shall put the two stones on the shoulders of the ephod as memorial stones for the children of Israel, and Aaron shall bear their names before the LORD on his two shoulders as a memorial.

• King James Version 1611 (Original)

  And thou shalt put the two stones upon the shoulders of the ephod for stones of memorial unto the children of Israel: and Aaron shall bear their names before the LORD upon his two shoulders for a memorial.

• American Standard Version with Strong's Numbers

  And thou shalt put{H7760} the two{H8147} stones{H68} upon the shoulder-pieces{H3802} of the ephod,{H646} to be stones{H68} of memorial{H2146} for the children{H1121} of Israel:{H3478} and Aaron{H175} shall bear{H5375} their names{H8034} before{H6440} Jehovah{H3068} upon his two{H8147} shoulders{H3802} for a memorial.{H2146}

• King James Version with Strong's Numbers

  And thou shalt put{H7760}{(H8804)} the two{H8147} stones{H68} upon the shoulders{H3802} of the ephod{H646} for stones{H68} of memorial{H2146} unto the children{H1121} of Israel{H3478}: and Aaron{H175} shall bear{H5375}{(H8804)} their names{H8034} before{H6440} the LORD{H3068} upon his two{H8147} shoulders{H3802} for a memorial{H2146}.

• Tyndale Bible (1526/1534)

  And thou shalt put the two stones apo the two shulders of the Ephod, ad they shalbe stones off remembraunce vnto the childern off Israel. And Aaron shall bere their names before the Lorde vppon hys two shulders for a remembraunce.

• Coverdale Bible (1535)

  and thou shalt put them vpon the two shulders of the ouerbody cote, that that they maye be stones of remembraunce for the children of Israel, that Aaron maye beare their names vpon both his shulders before the LORDE for a remembraunce.

• Geneva Bible (1560)

  And thou shalt put the two stones vpon the shoulders of the Ephod, as stones of remebrance of the children of Israel: for Aaron shall beare their names before the Lorde vpon his two shoulders for a remembrance.

• Bishops' Bible (1568)

  And thou shalt put the two stones vpon the two shoulders of the ephod that they may be stones of remembraunce vnto the children of Israel: and Aaron shal beare their names before the Lord vpon his two shoulders for a remembraunce.

• Authorized King James Version (1611)

  And thou shalt put the two stones upon the shoulders of the ephod [for] stones of memorial unto the children of Israel: and Aaron shall bear their names before the LORD upon his two shoulders for a memorial.

• Webster's Bible (1833)

  You shall put the two stones on the shoulder-pieces of the ephod, to be stones of memorial for the children of Israel: and Aaron shall bear their names before Yahweh on his two shoulders for a memorial.

• Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

  `And thou hast set the two stones on the shoulders of the ephod -- stones of memorial to the sons of Israel -- and Aaron hath borne their names before Jehovah, on his two shoulders, for a memorial.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  And thou shalt put the two stones upon the shoulder-pieces of the ephod, to be stones of memorial for the children of Israel: and Aaron shall bear their names before Jehovah upon his two shoulders for a memorial.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  And thou shalt put the two stones upon the shoulder-pieces of the ephod, to be stones of memorial for the children of Israel: and Aaron shall bear their names before Jehovah upon his two shoulders for a memorial.

• Bible in Basic English (1941)

  And the two stones are to be placed on the ephod, over the arm-holes, to be stones of memory for the children of Israel: Aaron will have their names on his arms when he goes in before the Lord, to keep the Lord in mind of them.

• World English Bible (2000)

  You shall put the two stones on the shoulder straps of the ephod, to be stones of memorial for the children of Israel: and Aaron shall bear their names before Yahweh on his two shoulders for a memorial.

• NET Bible® (New English Translation)

  You are to put the two stones on the shoulders of the ephod, stones of memorial for the sons of Israel, and Aaron will bear their names before the LORD on his two shoulders for a memorial.

Referenced Verses

• Exod 28:29 : 29 Whenever Aaron enters the Holy Place, he shall carry the names of the sons of Israel over his heart on the breastpiece of decision, as a continual memorial before the LORD.
• Josh 4:7 : 7 you shall tell them, ‘The waters of the Jordan were cut off before the ark of the covenant of the LORD when it crossed the Jordan. The waters of the Jordan were cut off. These stones are to be a memorial to the Israelites forever.’”
• Exod 39:6-7 : 6 They prepared the onyx stones, enclosed in gold settings, engraved like a seal with the names of Israel's sons. 7 They placed the stones on the shoulder pieces of the ephod to serve as a memorial for the sons of Israel, just as the LORD had commanded Moses.
• Lev 24:7 : 7 Place pure frankincense on each row, as a memorial portion for the bread. It is an offering made by fire to the LORD.
• Num 31:54 : 54 Moses and Eleazar the priest received the gold from the commanders of thousands and hundreds and brought it into the Tent of Meeting as a memorial for the Israelites before the LORD.
• Gen 9:12-17 : 12 And God said, 'This is the sign of the covenant I am making between Me and you and every living creature with you, a covenant for all future generations: 13 I have set My bow in the clouds, and it will be a sign of the covenant between Me and the earth.' 14 Whenever I bring clouds over the earth and the rainbow becomes visible in the clouds, 15 I will remember My covenant between Me and you and every living creature of all flesh; never again will the waters become a flood to destroy all flesh. 16 When the rainbow is in the clouds, I will see it and remember the everlasting covenant between God and every living creature of all flesh that is on the earth. 17 Then God said to Noah, 'This is the sign of the covenant that I have established between Me and all flesh that is on the earth.'
• Exod 12:14 : 14 This day shall be a memorial for you, and you shall celebrate it as a feast to the LORD; throughout your generations, as a perpetual ordinance, you shall celebrate it.
• Exod 13:9 : 9 And it shall be for you a sign on your hand and a reminder on your forehead, so that the law of the LORD may be in your mouth; for with a mighty hand the LORD brought you out of Egypt.
• Exod 28:7 : 7 It shall have two shoulder pieces joined at its two edges, so it can be fastened together.
• Ps 89:19 : 19 Indeed, the LORD is our shield, and the Holy One of Israel is our King.
• Isa 9:6 : 6 Of the greatness of his government and peace there will be no end. He will reign on David’s throne and over his kingdom, establishing and upholding it with justice and righteousness from that time on and forever. The zeal of the LORD Almighty will accomplish this.
• Isa 12:2 : 2 Behold, God is my salvation! I will trust and not be afraid, for the LORD, the LORD Himself, is my strength and my song; He has become my salvation.
• Isa 62:6 : 6 Upon your walls, Jerusalem, I have appointed watchmen; all day and all night they will not be silent. You who remind the LORD, take no rest,
• Zech 6:13-14 : 13 Yes, it is He who will build the temple of the LORD, and He will bear majesty; He will sit and rule on His throne. And He will be a priest on His throne, and there will be a peaceful council between the two of them." 14 The crowns will be a memorial to Helem, Tobijah, Jedaiah, and Hen son of Zephaniah in the temple of the LORD.
• Luke 1:54 : 54 He has helped His servant Israel, remembering His mercy,
• Luke 1:72 : 72 He has shown mercy to our ancestors and remembered His holy covenant—
• Acts 10:4 : 4 Cornelius gazed at him in fear and asked, 'What is it, Lord?' The angel replied, 'Your prayers and your acts of charity have ascended as a memorial offering before God.'
• Heb 7:25-28 : 25 Therefore, he is able to save completely those who come to God through him, because he always lives to intercede for them. 26 Such a high priest truly meets our need: one who is holy, innocent, undefiled, separate from sinners, and exalted above the heavens. 27 He does not need to offer sacrifices every day, as high priests do—first for their own sins and then for the sins of the people. He did this once for all when he offered himself. 28 For the law appoints men who are weak as high priests, but the word of the oath, which came after the law, appoints the Son, who has been made perfect forever.