Genesis 19:37

Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts

The older daughter gave birth to a son, and she named him Moab; he is the father of the Moabites to this day.

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

וַתֵּ֤לֶד הַבְּכִירָה֙ בֵּ֔ן וַתִּקְרָ֥א שְׁמ֖וֹ מוֹאָ֑ב ה֥וּא אֲבִֽי־מוֹאָ֖ב עַד־הַיּֽוֹם׃

Transliteration

wə-tēled habbəkîrāh bēn wə-tiqrāʾ šəmô môʾāb hûʾ ʾăbî-môʾāb ʿad-hayyôm

Grammar Details

• *wə-tēled*: consecutive imperfect, 3rd person feminine singular - and she bore
• *habbəkîrāh*: definite article + noun, feminine singular - the firstborn/elder
• *bēn*: noun, masculine singular - son
• *wə-tiqrāʾ*: consecutive imperfect, 3rd person feminine singular - and she called
• *šəmô*: noun, masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his name
• *môʾāb*: proper noun - Moab
• *hûʾ*: 3rd person masculine singular pronoun - he
• *ʾăbî*: noun, masculine singular construct - father of
• *ʿad*: preposition - until
• *hayyôm*: definite article + noun, masculine singular - the day/today

Word Meanings

• *wə-tēled*: and she gave birth to/and she bore
• *môʾāb*: means 'from father' in Hebrew (wordplay)
• *ʿad*-*hayyôm*: until this day/until now

Other Translations

• King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)

  And the firstborn bare a son, and called his name Moab: the same is the father of the Moabites unto this day.

• KJV1611 – Modern English

  And the firstborn bore a son, and called his name Moab: he is the father of the Moabites to this day.

• King James Version 1611 (Original)

  And the firstborn bare a son, and called his name Moab: the same is the father of the Moabites unto this day.

• American Standard Version with Strong's Numbers

  And the first-born bare a son, and called his name Moab: the same is the father of the Moabites unto this day.

• King James Version with Strong's Numbers

  And the firstborn bare a son, and called his name Moab: the same is the father of the Moabites unto this day.

• Tyndale Bible (1526/1534)

  And the elder bare a sone and called hym Moab which is the father of the Moabytes vnto this daye.

• Coverdale Bible (1535)

  And the elder bare a sonne, and called him Moab, of whom come ye Moabytes vnto this daye.

• Geneva Bible (1560)

  And the elder bare a sonne, and she called his name Moab: the same is the father of the Moabites vnto this day.

• Bishops' Bible (1568)

  And the elder bare a sonne, and called his name Moab: the same is the father of the Moabites vnto this day.

• Authorized King James Version (1611)

  And the firstborn bare a son, and called his name Moab: the same [is] the father of the Moabites unto this day.

• Webster's Bible (1833)

  The firstborn bore a son, and named him Moab. The same is the father of the Moabites to this day.

• Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

  and the first-born beareth a son, and calleth his name Moab; he `is' father of Moab unto this day;

• American Standard Version (1901)

  And the first-born bare a son, and called his name Moab: the same is the father of the Moabites unto this day.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  And the first-born bare a son, and called his name Moab: the same is the father of the Moabites unto this day.

• Bible in Basic English (1941)

  And the older daughter had a son, and she gave him the name Moab: he is the father of the Moabites to this day.

• World English Bible (2000)

  The firstborn bore a son, and named him Moab. He is the father of the Moabites to this day.

• NET Bible® (New English Translation)

  The older daughter gave birth to a son and named him Moab. He is the ancestor of the Moabites of today.

Referenced Verses

• Deut 2:9 : 9 The LORD said to me, ‘Do not harass Moab or provoke them to war, for I will not give you any part of their land as a possession. I have given Ar to the descendants of Lot as a possession.'
• Deut 2:19 : 19 When you come near the Ammonites, do not harass them or provoke them to conflict, for I will not give you any land of the Ammonites as a possession because I have given it to the descendants of Lot as their possession.'
• Deut 23:3 : 3 No one born of an illegitimate union may enter the assembly of the LORD, even to the tenth generation, none of his descendants may enter the assembly of the LORD.
• Judg 3:1-9 : 1 These are the nations that the Lord left in order to test Israel—those who had not experienced the wars of Canaan. 2 He did this to teach subsequent generations of the Israelites—those who had not known previous wars—how to fight. 3 The nations included the five rulers of the Philistines, all the Canaanites, the Sidonians, and the Hivites who lived in the mountains of Lebanon, from Mount Baal Hermon to the entrance of Hamath. 4 They were left to test Israel in order to know whether they would obey the commandments of the Lord, which He had given to their ancestors through Moses. 5 The Israelites lived among the Canaanites, the Hittites, the Amorites, the Perizzites, the Hivites, and the Jebusites. 6 They took the daughters of these peoples as wives for themselves, gave their own daughters to the sons of these peoples, and worshiped their gods. 7 The Israelites did evil in the sight of the Lord. They forgot the Lord their God and served the Baals and the Asherahs. 8 The anger of the Lord burned against Israel, and He gave them into the hand of Cushan-Rishathaim, king of Aram Naharaim. The Israelites served Cushan-Rishathaim for eight years. 9 When the Israelites cried out to the Lord, He raised up a deliverer for them, Othniel son of Kenaz, the younger brother of Caleb, who saved them. 10 The Spirit of the Lord came upon him, and he judged Israel. He went to war, and the Lord delivered Cushan-Rishathaim, king of Aram, into his hand, giving him victory over Cushan-Rishathaim. 11 The land had peace for forty years, until Othniel son of Kenaz died. 12 The Israelites again did evil in the sight of the Lord. So the Lord gave strength to Eglon, king of Moab, to overpower Israel because they had done evil in the Lord's sight. 13 Eglon gathered the Ammonites and Amalekites to himself, set out, and defeated Israel. They took possession of the City of Palms. 14 The Israelites served Eglon, king of Moab, for eighteen years. 15 Then the Israelites cried out to the Lord, and He raised up for them a deliverer, Ehud son of Gera, a Benjamite, a left-handed man. The Israelites sent him to deliver their tribute to Eglon, king of Moab. 16 Now Ehud had made a double-edged sword about a cubit long, which he strapped to his right thigh under his clothing. 17 He presented the tribute to Eglon, king of Moab, who was a very fat man. 18 After Ehud had finished presenting the tribute, he dismissed the people who had carried it. 19 But he himself turned back at the carved images near Gilgal and said, 'I have a secret message for you, O king.' The king said, 'Silence!' And all his attendants left him. 20 Ehud then approached him while he was sitting alone in the upper room of his palace, a room designed to stay cool. Ehud said, 'I have a word from God for you.' As the king rose from his seat, 21 Ehud reached with his left hand, drew the sword from his right thigh, and drove it into the king's belly. 22 Even the handle went in after the blade, and the fat closed over it, for he did not pull the sword out of his belly. And the excrement came out. 23 Then Ehud went out onto the porch, closed the doors of the upper room behind him, and locked them. 24 After he was gone, the servants came and found the doors of the upper room locked. They said, 'He must be relieving himself in the cool inner room.' 25 They waited to the point of embarrassment, but he still did not open the doors of the room. So they took the key and unlocked them, and there was their master fallen to the ground, dead. 26 While they lingered, Ehud escaped, passed by the carved images, and fled to Seirah. 27 When he arrived there, he blew a trumpet in the hill country of Ephraim, and the Israelites went down with him from the hills, with him leading them. 28 He said to them, 'Follow me, for the Lord has given your enemies, the Moabites, into your hands.' So they followed him, captured the fords of the Jordan leading to Moab, and did not allow anyone to cross over. 29 At that time, they struck down about ten thousand Moabite men, all strong and able-bodied; not a single one escaped. 30 That day Moab was made subject to Israel, and the land had peace for eighty years. 31 After Ehud came Shamgar son of Anath, who struck down six hundred Philistines with an oxgoad. He too saved Israel.
• Ruth 4:10 : 10 I have also acquired Ruth the Moabitess, the widow of Mahlon, as my wife in order to maintain the name of the deceased on his inheritance, so that his name will not disappear from among his family or from the gate of his hometown. You are witnesses today.
• 2 Sam 8:1-9 : 1 After this, David defeated the Philistines and subdued them; he took control of the bridle of the mother-city from the Philistines. 2 David also defeated Moab. He made them lie down on the ground and measured them with a rope. He measured two lengths of rope to put them to death and one full length to let them live, and the Moabites became servants to David, bringing him tribute. 3 David defeated Hadadezer son of Rehob, king of Zobah, when he went to restore his control over the Euphrates River. 4 From Hadadezer, David captured a thousand chariots, seven hundred horsemen, and twenty thousand foot soldiers. He hamstrung all the chariot horses but spared enough horses for a hundred chariots. 5 When the Arameans of Damascus came to help Hadadezer, king of Zobah, David struck down twenty-two thousand of them. 6 Then David stationed garrisons in Aram of Damascus, and the Arameans became his servants, bringing tribute. The LORD gave David victory wherever he went. 7 David took the gold shields that belonged to the officers of Hadadezer and brought them to Jerusalem. 8 From Betah and Berothai, cities of Hadadezer, King David took a great amount of bronze. 9 When Toi, king of Hamath, heard that David had defeated the entire army of Hadadezer, 10 he sent his son Joram to King David to ask for peace and to congratulate him on his victory over Hadadezer, who had been at war with Toi. Joram brought with him articles of silver, gold, and bronze. 11 King David dedicated these articles to the LORD, along with the silver and gold he had dedicated from all the nations he had subdued: 12 from Aram, Moab, the Ammonites, the Philistines, Amalek, and the spoil of Hadadezer son of Rehob, king of Zobah. 13 David gained renown when he returned after striking down eighteen thousand Arameans in the Valley of Salt. 14 He stationed garrisons throughout Edom, and all the Edomites became David's subjects. The LORD gave David victory wherever he went. 15 David reigned over all Israel, administering justice and righteousness to all his people. 16 Joab son of Zeruiah was over the army, and Jehoshaphat son of Ahilud was the recorder. 17 Zadok son of Ahitub and Ahimelech son of Abiathar were priests, and Seraiah was the scribe. 18 Benaiah son of Jehoiada was over the Cherethites and Pelethites, and David's sons were priests.
• 2 Kgs 3:1-9 : 1 Jehoram, son of Ahab, became king over Israel in Samaria during the eighteenth year of Jehoshaphat, king of Judah, and he reigned for twelve years. 2 He did what was evil in the sight of the LORD, but not like his father and mother; he removed the pillar of Baal that his father had made. 3 However, he continued in the sins of Jeroboam, son of Nebat, who caused Israel to sin; he clung to those sins and did not turn away from them. 4 Now Mesha, king of Moab, was a sheep breeder. He used to send to the king of Israel one hundred thousand lambs and the wool of one hundred thousand rams as a tribute. 5 But when Ahab died, the king of Moab rebelled against the king of Israel. 6 So King Jehoram left Samaria at that time and mustered all Israel. 7 Then he sent a message to Jehoshaphat, king of Judah, saying, "The king of Moab has rebelled against me. Will you go with me to fight against Moab?" And he replied, "I will go; I am as you are, my people as your people, my horses as your horses." 8 Jehoram asked, "Which route shall we take?" And Jehoshaphat answered, "Through the wilderness of Edom." 9 So the king of Israel set out, along with the king of Judah and the king of Edom. After traveling a roundabout route for seven days, there was no water for the army or the animals with them. 10 Then the king of Israel said, "Alas! The LORD has called these three kings together to hand them over to Moab." 11 But Jehoshaphat asked, "Is there no prophet of the LORD here, through whom we may inquire of the LORD?" One of the servants of the king of Israel answered, "Elisha, son of Shaphat, who used to pour water on the hands of Elijah, is here." 12 Jehoshaphat said, "The word of the LORD is with him." So the king of Israel, Jehoshaphat, and the king of Edom went down to him. 13 Elisha said to the king of Israel, "What do we have to do with each other? Go to the prophets of your father and the prophets of your mother." But the king of Israel said to him, "No, because it is the LORD who has called these three kings together to hand them over to Moab." 14 Elisha replied, "As surely as the LORD of Hosts lives, whom I serve, were it not for the presence of Jehoshaphat, king of Judah, I would not pay attention to you or even look at you." 15 "But now, bring me a musician." While the musician played, the hand of the LORD came upon Elisha. 16 And he said, "This is what the LORD says: Make this valley full of ditches." 17 For this is what the LORD says: You will not see wind or rain, but this valley will be filled with water, and you, your livestock, and your animals will drink. 18 This is an easy thing in the sight of the LORD; He will also give Moab into your hands. 19 You will destroy every fortified city and every major town, cut down every good tree, stop up all the springs, and ruin every good field with stones. 20 The next morning, at the time of the offering, water came from the direction of Edom and filled the land. 21 When all the Moabites heard that the kings had come to fight against them, they called together everyone old enough to wear armor and stationed themselves at the border. 22 But when they arose early in the morning, the sun was shining on the water, and to the Moabites across the way, the water looked red—like blood. 23 They said, "This is blood! The kings have fought and killed each other. Now, to the plunder, Moab!" 24 When they came to the camp of Israel, the Israelites rose up and struck down the Moabites, who fled before them. The Israelites invaded the land and continued to strike down the Moabites. 25 They destroyed the cities, threw stones onto every good field until it was covered, stopped up all the springs of water, and cut down all the good trees. Only the stones of Kir Hareseth were left standing, but the slingers surrounded and attacked it. 26 When the king of Moab saw that the battle was too fierce for him, he took seven hundred men with swords to break through to the king of Edom, but they could not. 27 Then he took his firstborn son, who was to succeed him as king, and offered him as a burnt sacrifice on the city wall. Great wrath came upon Israel, so they withdrew from him and returned to their own land.
• Num 21:29 : 29 Woe to you, Moab! You have been destroyed, O people of Chemosh! He has given up his sons as fugitives and his daughters as captives to Sihon, king of the Amorites.
• Num 22:1-9 : 1 Then the Israelites traveled and camped in the plains of Moab, across the Jordan River near Jericho. 2 When Balak son of Zippor saw all that Israel had done to the Amorites, 3 Moab became very afraid of the people because they were numerous. Moab was overcome with dread because of the Israelites. 4 Moab said to the elders of Midian, 'Now this horde will devour everything around us, like an ox eats the grass of the field.' At that time, Balak son of Zippor was king of Moab. 5 He sent messengers to Balaam son of Beor at Pethor, which is by the river in the land of his people. They were to call him, saying, 'Look, a people has come out of Egypt; they cover the face of the land and are settling next to me.' 6 Now, please come and curse this people for me, because they are too powerful for me. Perhaps I will be able to defeat them and drive them out of the land. For I know that whoever you bless is blessed, and whoever you curse is cursed. 7 The elders of Moab and Midian left, taking with them payment for divination. They came to Balaam and told him Balak's message. 8 Balaam said to them, 'Spend the night here, and I will bring back a word to you, as the LORD speaks to me.' So the Moabite leaders stayed with Balaam. 9 Then God came to Balaam and asked, 'Who are these men with you?' 10 Balaam said to God, 'Balak son of Zippor, king of Moab, sent this message to me: 11 'Look, a people that came out of Egypt covers the face of the land. Now, come and curse them for me. Perhaps I will be able to fight against them and drive them out.' 12 But God said to Balaam, 'Do not go with them. You must not curse the people, for they are blessed.' 13 The next morning, Balaam got up and said to Balak’s officials, 'Go back to your own country, for the LORD has refused to let me go with you.' 14 So the Moabite leaders returned to Balak and said, 'Balaam refused to come with us.' 15 Then Balak sent other officials, more numerous and more distinguished than the first. 16 They came to Balaam and said to him, 'This is what Balak son of Zippor says: Please do not let anything prevent you from coming to me.' 17 'For I will reward you very handsomely and will do whatever you say. So please come and put a curse on these people for me.' 18 But Balaam answered Balak's servants, 'Even if Balak were to give me his house full of silver and gold, I could not go beyond the command of the LORD my God to do anything small or great.' 19 Now please stay here tonight as well, so that I may find out what else the LORD may say to me. 20 That night God came to Balaam and said, 'Since these men have come to summon you, go with them. But do only what I tell you.' 21 Balaam got up in the morning, saddled his donkey, and went with the Moabite officials. 22 But God was very angry when he went, and the angel of the LORD took his stand in the road to oppose him. Balaam was riding his donkey, and his two servants were with him. 23 When the donkey saw the angel of the LORD standing in the road with a drawn sword in his hand, it turned off the road into a field. Balaam struck the donkey to make it turn back onto the road. 24 Then the angel of the LORD stood in a narrow path through the vineyards, with walls on both sides. 25 When the donkey saw the angel of the LORD, it pressed close to the wall, crushing Balaam’s foot against it. So he beat the donkey again. 26 Then the angel of the LORD moved on ahead and stood in a narrow place where there was no room to turn, either to the right or to the left. 27 When the donkey saw the angel of the LORD, it lay down under Balaam, and he became very angry and beat it with his staff. 28 Then the LORD opened the donkey's mouth, and it said to Balaam, 'What have I done to you to make you beat me these three times?' 29 Balaam answered the donkey, 'You have made a fool of me! If only I had a sword in my hand, I would kill you right now.' 30 The donkey said to Balaam, 'Am I not your own donkey, which you have always ridden, to this very day? Have I been in the habit of doing this to you?' 'No,' he replied. 31 Then the LORD opened Balaam's eyes, and he saw the angel of the LORD standing in the road with his sword drawn. So he bowed low and fell facedown. 32 The angel of the LORD asked him, 'Why have you beaten your donkey these three times? I have come here to oppose you because your path is a reckless one before me.' 33 The donkey saw me and turned away from me these three times. If it had not turned away, I would certainly have killed you by now, but I would have spared it.' 34 Balaam said to the angel of the LORD, 'I have sinned. I did not realize you were standing in the road to oppose me. Now if you are displeased, I will go back.' 35 The angel of the LORD said to Balaam, 'Go with the men, but speak only what I tell you.' So Balaam went with Balak's officials. 36 When Balak heard that Balaam was coming, he went out to meet him at the Moabite city on the Arnon border, at the edge of his territory. 37 Balak said to Balaam, 'Did I not send messengers to you to summon you? Why didn’t you come to me? Am I really unable to reward you? 38 Balaam said to Balak, 'Well, I have come to you now. But I cannot say just anything. I must speak only what God puts in my mouth.' 39 Then Balaam went with Balak to Kiriath Huzoth. 40 Balak sacrificed cattle and sheep and gave some to Balaam and the officials who were with him. 41 The next morning, Balak took Balaam and brought him up to Bamoth-baal, from where he could see the outskirts of the people.
• Num 24:1-9 : 1 When Balaam saw that it pleased the LORD to bless Israel, he did not resort to seeking omens as he had done before, but he turned his face toward the wilderness. 2 Balaam looked up and saw Israel camped according to their tribes, and the Spirit of God came upon him. 3 He began his oracle, saying: 'The oracle of Balaam, son of Beor, the oracle of the man whose eye is opened.' 4 'The oracle of one who hears the words of God, who sees visions of the Almighty, who falls down, with eyes uncovered.' 5 How beautiful are your tents, O Jacob, your dwelling places, O Israel! 6 Like valleys they stretch out, like gardens along a river, like aloes planted by the LORD, like cedars beside the waters. 7 Water will flow from his buckets; his seed will be by abundant waters. His king will be greater than Agag, and his kingdom will be exalted. 8 God brought him out of Egypt; he has the strength of a wild ox. He will devour hostile nations and crush their bones; with his arrows, he will pierce them. 9 He crouched, he lay down like a lion, like a lioness—who dares to rouse him? Those who bless you will be blessed; those who curse you will be cursed. 10 Then Balak's anger burned against Balaam, and he struck his hands together. He said to Balaam, 'I summoned you to curse my enemies, but instead, you have blessed them three times!' 11 Now leave and go home! I said I would reward you handsomely, but the LORD has kept you from being rewarded.' 12 Balaam answered Balak, 'Did I not tell your messengers that you sent to me,' 13 'Even if Balak gave me his house full of silver and gold, I could not go against the command of the LORD, to do anything good or bad of my own will. What the LORD says, that I will speak.' 14 'Now I am going back to my people, but let me warn you what this people will do to your people in the days to come.' 15 Then Balaam began his oracle, saying: 'The oracle of Balaam, son of Beor, the oracle of the man whose eye is opened,' 16 'The oracle of one who hears the words of God and knows the knowledge of the Most High, who sees visions of the Almighty, who falls down, with eyes uncovered.' 17 I see him, but not now; I behold him, but not near. A star will come out of Jacob, a scepter will rise out of Israel. He will crush the foreheads of Moab and destroy all the sons of Sheth. 18 Edom will become a possession; Seir, his enemy, will also be a possession. But Israel will grow strong. 19 A ruler will come out of Jacob and will destroy the survivors of the city. 20 Then Balaam saw Amalek and spoke his oracle: 'Amalek was first among the nations, but their end will be utter destruction.' 21 Then he saw the Kenites and spoke his oracle: 'Your dwelling is secure, your nest is set in the rock.' 22 Yet you Kenites will be destroyed when Asshur takes you captive. 23 Then he spoke his oracle: 'Alas! Who can survive when God does this?' 24 Ships will come from the shores of Kittim; they will afflict Asshur and Eber, but they too will come to destruction. 25 Then Balaam got up and returned to his home, and Balak also went on his way.