Jeremiah 38:18

Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts

But if you will not surrender to the officers of the king of Babylon, this city will be given into the hands of the Babylonians, and they will burn it down; you yourself will not escape from their hands.’"

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

וְאִ֣ם לֹֽא־תֵצֵ֗א אֶל־שָׂרֵי֙ מֶ֣לֶךְ בָּבֶ֔ל וְנִתְּנָ֞ה הָעִ֤יר הַזֹּאת֙ בְּיַ֣ד הַכַּשְׂדִּ֔ים וּשְׂרָפ֖וּהָ בָּאֵ֑שׁ וְאַתָּ֖ה לֹֽא־תִמָּלֵ֥ט מִיָּדָֽם׃ ס

Transliteration

But-if not-tēṣēʾ to-śārê melek bābel, and-nittĕnāh the-ʿîr the-zōʾt in-yad the-kaśdîm, and-śĕrāpūhā in-the-ʾēš; and-you not-timmālēṭ from-yādām.

Grammar Details

• *tēṣēʾ*: Qal imperfect, 2nd masculine singular with negative *lōʾ* and conditional *ʾim* - if you do not go out
• *śārê*: masculine plural construct - princes/officials of
• *melek*: masculine singular construct - king of
• *bābel*: proper name - Babylon
• *nittĕnāh*: Niphal perfect, 3rd feminine singular with waw-consecutive - and will be given
• *ʿîr*: feminine singular noun with article - the city
• *zōʾt*: feminine singular demonstrative - this
• *yad*: feminine singular construct with preposition *bĕ* - into the hand of
• *kaśdîm*: proper name with article - the Chaldeans
• *śĕrāpūhā*: Qal perfect, 3rd common plural with 3rd feminine singular suffix - and they will burn it
• *ʾēš*: feminine singular noun with preposition *bĕ* - with fire
• *timmālēṭ*: Niphal imperfect, 2nd masculine singular with negative *lōʾ* - you will not escape
• *yādām*: feminine singular noun with 3rd masculine plural suffix and preposition *min* - from their hand

Word Meanings

• *tēṣēʾ*: go out/surrender/go forth
• *śārê*: princes/officials/commanders
• *melek*: king/ruler
• *bābel*: Babylon (proper name)
• *nittĕnāh*: will be given/will be handed over
• *ʿîr*: city/town
• *yad*: hand/power/control
• *kaśdîm*: Chaldeans/Babylonians
• *śĕrāpūhā*: they will burn it/they will set it on fire
• *ʾēš*: fire/flame
• *timmālēṭ*: escape/be delivered/save yourself
• *yādām*: their hand/their power/their control

Other Translations

• King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)

  But if thou wilt not go forth to the king of Babylon's princes, then shall this city be given into the hand of the Chaldeans, and they shall burn it with fire, and thou shalt not escape out of their hand.

• KJV1611 – Modern English

  But if you will not go forth to the king of Babylon's princes, then this city shall be given into the hand of the Chaldeans, and they shall burn it with fire, and you shall not escape out of their hand.

• King James Version 1611 (Original)

  But if thou wilt not go forth to the king of Babylon's princes, then shall this city be given into the hand of the Chaldeans, and they shall burn it with fire, and thou shalt not escape out of their hand.

• American Standard Version with Strong's Numbers

  But if thou wilt not go forth{H3318} to the king{H4428} of Babylon's{H894} princes,{H8269} then shall this city{H5892} be given{H5414} into the hand{H3027} of the Chaldeans,{H3778} and they shall burn{H8313} it with fire,{H784} and thou shalt not escape out{H4422} of their hand.{H3027}

• King James Version with Strong's Numbers

  But if thou wilt not go forth{H3318}{(H8799)} to the king{H4428} of Babylon's{H894} princes{H8269}, then shall this city{H5892} be given{H5414}{(H8738)} into the hand{H3027} of the Chaldeans{H3778}, and they shall burn{H8313}{(H8804)} it with fire{H784}, and thou shalt not escape out{H4422}{(H8735)} of their hand{H3027}.

• Coverdale Bible (1535)

  But yff thou wilt not go forth to the kynge off Babilons prynces, then shal this cite be delyuered in to the hondes of the Caldees which shal set fyre vpon it, and thou shalt be able to escape them.

• Geneva Bible (1560)

  But if thou wilt not go forth to the King of Babels princes, then shall this citie be giuen into the hand of ye Caldeans, & they shal burne it with fire, and thou shalt not escape out of their hands.

• Bishops' Bible (1568)

  But yf thou wylt not go foorth to the kyng of Babylons princes, then shall this citie be deliuered into the handes of the Chaldees, which shall set fire vpon it, and thou shalt not be able to escape them.

• Authorized King James Version (1611)

  But if thou wilt not go forth to the king of Babylon's princes, then shall this city be given into the hand of the Chaldeans, and they shall burn it with fire, and thou shalt not escape out of their hand.

• Webster's Bible (1833)

  But if you will not go forth to the king of Babylon's princes, then shall this city be given into the hand of the Chaldeans, and they shall burn it with fire, and you shall not escape out of their hand.

• Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

  And if thou dost not go forth unto the heads of the king of Babylon, then hath this city been given into the hand of the Chaldeans, and they have burnt it with fire, and thou dost not escape from their hand.'

• American Standard Version (1901)

  But if thou wilt not go forth to the king of Babylon's princes, then shall this city be given into the hand of the Chaldeans, and they shall burn it with fire, and thou shalt not escape out of their hand.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  But if thou wilt not go forth to the king of Babylon's princes, then shall this city be given into the hand of the Chaldeans, and they shall burn it with fire, and thou shalt not escape out of their hand.

• Bible in Basic English (1941)

  But if you do not go out to the king of Babylon's captains, then this town will be given into the hands of the Chaldaeans and they will put it on fire, and you will not get away from them.

• World English Bible (2000)

  But if you will not go forth to the king of Babylon's princes, then shall this city be given into the hand of the Chaldeans, and they shall burn it with fire, and you shall not escape out of their hand.

• NET Bible® (New English Translation)

  But if you do not surrender to the officers of the king of Babylon, this city will be handed over to the Babylonians and they will burn it down. You yourself will not escape from them.’”

Referenced Verses

• Jer 38:3 : 3 This is what the LORD says: This city will surely be handed over to the army of the king of Babylon, and he will capture it.
• Jer 24:8-9 : 8 But like the bad figs that are so bad they cannot be eaten, says the LORD, so will I treat Zedekiah, king of Judah, his officials, and the remnant of Jerusalem who remain in this land and those living in the land of Egypt. 9 I will make them a horror and an object of calamity among all the kingdoms of the earth—a reproach, a byword, a taunt, and a curse in all the places where I drive them. 10 I will send the sword, famine, and pestilence against them until they are completely destroyed from the land I gave to them and their ancestors.
• Jer 32:3-5 : 3 King Zedekiah of Judah had imprisoned him there, saying, "Why are you prophesying and declaring, 'This is what the LORD says: I am about to give this city into the hand of the king of Babylon, and he will capture it.' 4 Zedekiah, king of Judah, will not escape from the hands of the Chaldeans. He will certainly be handed over to the king of Babylon; they will speak face to face and see each other directly. 5 He will take Zedekiah to Babylon, where he will stay until I deal with him, declares the LORD. If you fight against the Chaldeans, you will not succeed.
• 2 Kgs 25:4-9 : 4 Then the city wall was breached, and all the warriors fled at night through the gate between the two walls near the king's garden, even though the Chaldeans were surrounding the city. They escaped toward the Arabah. 5 But the army of the Chaldeans pursued the king and overtook him in the plains of Jericho. All his troops scattered away from him. 6 They captured the king and brought him to the king of Babylon at Riblah, where they passed judgment on him. 7 The sons of Zedekiah were slaughtered before his eyes, and then his eyes were blinded. They bound him with bronze shackles and took him to Babylon. 8 On the seventh day of the fifth month, in the nineteenth year of King Nebuchadnezzar of Babylon, Nebuzaradan, the captain of the guard, a servant of the king of Babylon, came to Jerusalem. 9 He burned down the house of the LORD, the royal palace, and all the houses of Jerusalem. Every large house was burned down. 10 The entire Chaldean army, under the captain of the guard, tore down the walls of Jerusalem that surrounded the city.
• 2 Kgs 25:27-30 : 27 In the thirty-seventh year of the exile of Jehoiachin king of Judah, in the twelfth month, on the twenty-seventh day of the month, Evil-merodach, king of Babylon, in the year he began to reign, released Jehoiachin king of Judah from prison. 28 He spoke kindly to him and gave him a seat of honor higher than those of the other kings who were with him in Babylon. 29 Jehoiachin changed out of his prison clothes and ate regularly at the king's table for the rest of his life. 30 His daily portion was provided by the king, a regular allowance given for each day, all the days of his life.
• 2 Kgs 24:12 : 12 Jehoiachin, king of Judah, along with his mother, his servants, his officials, and his eunuchs, went out to the king of Babylon, and the king of Babylon took him captive in the eighth year of his reign.
• Jer 34:2-3 : 2 This is what the Lord, the God of Israel, says: Go and tell Zedekiah, king of Judah, 'This is what the Lord says: I am delivering this city into the hand of the king of Babylon, and he will burn it with fire.' 3 And you will not escape from his hand, for you will surely be captured and handed over to him. Your eyes will see the eyes of the king of Babylon, and he will speak directly to you. You will go to Babylon.
• Jer 34:19-22 : 19 The officials of Judah, the officials of Jerusalem, the court officials, the priests, and all the people of the land who walked between the pieces of the calf— 20 I will hand them over to their enemies and to those who seek their lives. Their dead bodies will become food for the birds of the sky and the beasts of the earth. 21 And I will hand over Zedekiah king of Judah and his officials into the hand of their enemies, into the hand of those who seek their lives, and into the hand of the army of the king of Babylon that has withdrawn from you. 22 Behold, I am giving a command, declares the Lord, and I will bring them back to this city. They will fight against it, capture it, and burn it with fire. And I will make the cities of Judah a desolation without any inhabitants.
• Jer 37:8 : 8 'Then the Chaldeans will return and fight against this city; they will capture it and burn it with fire.'
• Jer 38:23 : 23 They will also bring out all your wives and your children to the Babylonians. You yourself will not escape from their hands but will be captured by the king of Babylon, and this city will be burned down."
• Jer 39:3 : 3 All the officials of the king of Babylon came and took seats in the Middle Gate: Nergal-Sharezer, Samgar-Nebo, Sarsekim the chief officer, Nergal-Sharezer the chief magician, along with the rest of the officials of the king of Babylon.
• Jer 39:5-7 : 5 But the Chaldean army pursued them, overtook Zedekiah in the plains of Jericho, captured him, and brought him to Nebuchadnezzar, king of Babylon, at Riblah in the land of Hamath, where he pronounced judgment on him. 6 The king of Babylon slaughtered the sons of Zedekiah at Riblah, before his very eyes, and also killed all the nobles of Judah. 7 He then blinded Zedekiah’s eyes and bound him with bronze chains to take him to Babylon.
• Jer 52:7-9 : 7 Then the city was breached, and though the Chaldeans surrounded it, all the soldiers fled by night through the gate between the two walls, near the king’s garden. They headed toward the Arabah. 8 The Chaldean army pursued King Zedekiah and overtook him in the plains of Jericho. His entire army scattered and abandoned him. 9 They seized the king and brought him to the king of Babylon at Riblah, in the land of Hamath. There, he pronounced judgment on him. 10 The king of Babylon killed Zedekiah’s sons before his eyes, and he also executed all the officials of Judah at Riblah. 11 Then he blinded Zedekiah’s eyes and bound him in bronze shackles. The king of Babylon took him to Babylon and kept him in prison until the day he died.
• Ezek 12:13 : 13 I will spread my net over him, and he will be caught in my snare. I will bring him to Babylon, the land of the Chaldeans, but he will not see it, and there he will die.
• Ezek 17:20-21 : 20 I will spread My net over him, and he will be caught in My snare. I will bring him to Babylon and execute judgment upon him there for the unfaithfulness he committed against Me. 21 All his fugitives in all his troops will fall by the sword, and those who remain will be scattered to every direction. Then you will know that I, the LORD, have spoken.’
• Ezek 21:25-27 : 25 Mark out a road for the sword to come against Rabbah of the Ammonites and against Judah, into fortified Jerusalem. 26 For the king of Babylon stands at the fork in the road, at the head of the two ways, to seek omens. He shakes arrows, consults idols, and looks at the liver. 27 In his right hand is the decision for Jerusalem: to set up battering rams, to open the mouth in slaughter, to raise the battle cry, to build siege ramps, to erect siege walls.