15 {
"verseID": "2Samuel.21.15",
"source": "וַתְּהִי־ע֧וֹד מִלְחָמָ֛ה לַפְּלִשְׁתִּ֖ים אֶת־יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל וַיֵּ֨רֶד דָּוִ֜ד וַעֲבָדָ֥יו עִמּ֛וֹ וַיִלָּחֲמ֥וּ אֶת־פְּלִשְׁתִּ֖ים וַיָּ֥עַף דָּוִֽד",
"text": "And *wattĕhî*-more *milḥāmâ* to-the-*Pĕlištîm* *ʾet*-*Yiśrāʾēl*, and *wayyēred* *Dāwid* and-*ʿăbādāyw* with-him, and *wayyillāḥămû* *ʾet*-*Pĕlištîm*, and *wayyāʿap* *Dāwid*.",
"grammar": {
"*wattĕhî*": "waw-consecutive + qal imperfect 3fs - and there was",
"*milḥāmâ*": "noun, feminine singular - war/battle",
"*Pĕlištîm*": "proper noun, plural - Philistines",
"*ʾet*": "preposition - with",
"*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel",
"*wayyēred*": "waw-consecutive + qal imperfect 3ms - and he went down",
"*Dāwid*": "proper noun - David",
"*ʿăbādāyw*": "noun, masculine plural construct + 3ms suffix - his servants",
"*wayyillāḥămû*": "waw-consecutive + niphal imperfect 3mp - and they fought",
"*wayyāʿap*": "waw-consecutive + qal imperfect 3ms - and he grew weary"
},
"variants": {
"*wayyillāḥămû*": "they fought/they did battle",
"*wayyāʿap*": "grew weary/became exhausted/fainted"
}
}
16 {
"verseID": "2Samuel.21.16",
"source": "*וישבו **וְיִשְׁבִּ֨י בְּנֹ֜ב אֲשֶׁ֣ר ׀ בִּילִידֵ֣י הָרָפָ֗ה וּמִשְׁקַ֤ל קֵינוֹ֙ שְׁלֹ֤שׁ מֵאוֹת֙ מִשְׁקַ֣ל נְחֹ֔שֶׁת וְה֖וּא חָג֣וּר חֲדָשָׁ֑ה וַיֹּ֖אמֶר לְהַכּ֥וֹת אֶת־דָּוִֽד",
"text": "And *Yišbî* in-*Nōb*, who was among-*yĕlîdê* the-*hārāpâ*, and-*mišqal* *qênô* three hundred *mišqal* *nĕḥōšet*, and-he was-*ḥāgûr* *ḥădāšâ*, and *wayyōʾmer* to-*hakkôt* *ʾet*-*Dāwid*.",
"grammar": {
"*Yišbî*": "proper noun - Ishbi",
"*Nōb*": "proper noun - Nob",
"*yĕlîdê*": "qal passive participle masculine plural construct - offspring of",
"*hārāpâ*": "proper noun with definite article - the Raphah",
"*mišqal*": "noun, masculine singular construct - weight of",
"*qênô*": "noun, masculine singular construct + 3ms suffix - his spear",
"*mišqal*": "noun, masculine singular construct - weight of",
"*nĕḥōšet*": "noun, feminine singular - bronze",
"*ḥāgûr*": "qal passive participle - girded with",
"*ḥădāšâ*": "adjective, feminine singular - new",
"*wayyōʾmer*": "waw-consecutive + qal imperfect 3ms - and he said/thought",
"*hakkôt*": "hiphil infinitive construct - to strike",
"*ʾet*": "direct object marker",
"*Dāwid*": "proper noun - David"
},
"variants": {
"*yĕlîdê* *hārāpâ*": "descendants of the Raphah/giants/Rephaim",
"*ḥāgûr* *ḥădāšâ*": "girded with a new [sword/armor/weapon]",
"*wayyōʾmer*": "he said/he thought/he intended"
}
}
17 {
"verseID": "2Samuel.21.17",
"source": "וַיַּֽעֲזָר־לוֹ֙ אֲבִישַׁ֣י בֶּן־צְרוּיָ֔ה וַיַּ֥ךְ אֶת־הַפְּלִשְׁתִּ֖י וַיְמִיתֵ֑הוּ אָ֣ז נִשְׁבְּעוּ֩ אַנְשֵׁי־דָוִ֨ד ל֜וֹ לֵאמֹ֗ר לֹא־תֵצֵ֨א ע֤וֹד אִתָּ֙נוּ֙ לַמִּלְחָמָ֔ה וְלֹ֥א תְכַבֶּ֖ה אֶת־נֵ֥ר יִשְׂרָאֵֽל",
"text": "And *wayyaʿăzār*-to-him *ʾĂbîšay* *ben*-*Ṣĕrûyâ*, and *wayyak* *ʾet*-the-*Pĕlištî* and *wayĕmîtēhû*. Then *nišbĕʿû* *ʾanšê*-*Dāwid* to-him, *lēʾmōr*, \"Not-*tēṣēʾ* anymore with-us to-the-*milḥāmâ*, and-not *tĕkabbeh* *ʾet*-*nēr* *Yiśrāʾēl*.\"",
"grammar": {
"*wayyaʿăzār*": "waw-consecutive + qal imperfect 3ms - and he helped",
"*ʾĂbîšay*": "proper noun - Abishai",
"*ben*": "noun, masculine singular construct - son of",
"*Ṣĕrûyâ*": "proper noun - Zeruiah",
"*wayyak*": "waw-consecutive + hiphil imperfect 3ms - and he struck",
"*ʾet*": "direct object marker",
"*Pĕlištî*": "proper noun, singular - Philistine",
"*wayĕmîtēhû*": "waw-consecutive + hiphil imperfect 3ms + 3ms suffix - and he killed him",
"*nišbĕʿû*": "niphal perfect 3cp - they swore",
"*ʾanšê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - men of",
"*Dāwid*": "proper noun - David",
"*lēʾmōr*": "qal infinitive construct - saying",
"*tēṣēʾ*": "qal imperfect 2ms - you will go out",
"*milḥāmâ*": "noun, feminine singular - battle",
"*tĕkabbeh*": "piel imperfect 2ms - you will extinguish",
"*nēr*": "noun, masculine singular construct - lamp of",
"*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel"
},
"variants": {
"*nēr* *Yiśrāʾēl*": "lamp of Israel/light of Israel [metaphor for David/his leadership]",
"*tĕkabbeh*": "extinguish/quench/put out"
}
}
18 {
"verseID": "2Samuel.21.18",
"source": "וַֽיְהִי֙ אַֽחֲרֵי־כֵ֔ן וַתְּהִי־ע֧וֹד הַמִּלְחָמָ֛ה בְּג֖וֹב עִם־פְּלִשְׁתִּ֑ים אָ֣ז הִכָּ֗ה סִבְּכַי֙ הַחֻ֣שָׁתִ֔י אֶת־סַ֕ף אֲשֶׁ֖ר בִּילִדֵ֥י הָרָפָֽה",
"text": "And *wayĕhî* after-that, and *wattĕhî*-again the-*milḥāmâ* at-*Gôb* with-*Pĕlištîm*; then *hikkâ* *Sibbĕkay* the-*Ḥušātî* *ʾet*-*Sap*, who was among-*yĕlîdê* the-*hārāpâ*.",
"grammar": {
"*wayĕhî*": "waw-consecutive + qal imperfect 3ms - and it happened",
"*wattĕhî*": "waw-consecutive + qal imperfect 3fs - and there was",
"*milḥāmâ*": "noun, feminine singular with definite article - the battle",
"*Gôb*": "proper noun - Gob",
"*Pĕlištîm*": "proper noun, plural - Philistines",
"*hikkâ*": "hiphil perfect 3ms - he struck/killed",
"*Sibbĕkay*": "proper noun - Sibbecai",
"*Ḥušātî*": "gentilic adjective with definite article - the Hushathite",
"*Sap*": "proper noun - Saph",
"*yĕlîdê*": "qal passive participle masculine plural construct - offspring of",
"*hārāpâ*": "proper noun with definite article - the Raphah"
},
"variants": {
"*yĕlîdê* *hārāpâ*": "descendants of the Raphah/giants/Rephaim"
}
}
19 {
"verseID": "2Samuel.21.19",
"source": "וַתְּהִי־ע֧וֹד הַמִּלְחָמָ֛ה בְּג֖וֹב עִם־פְּלִשְׁתִּ֑ים וַיַּ֡ךְ אֶלְחָנָן֩ בֶּן־יַעְרֵ֨י אֹרְגִ֜ים בֵּ֣ית הַלַּחְמִ֗י אֵ֚ת גָּלְיָ֣ת הַגִּתִּ֔י וְעֵ֣ץ חֲנִית֔וֹ כִּמְנ֖וֹר אֹרְגִֽים",
"text": "And *wattĕhî*-again the-*milḥāmâ* at-*Gôb* with-*Pĕlištîm*; and *wayyak* *ʾElḥānān* *ben*-*Yaʿărê* *ʾōrĕgîm* *Bêt* the-*Laḥmî* *ʾēt* *Golyat* the-*Gittî*, and-*ʿēṣ* *ḥănîtô* was like-*mĕnôr* *ʾōrĕgîm*.",
"grammar": {
"*wattĕhî*": "waw-consecutive + qal imperfect 3fs - and there was",
"*milḥāmâ*": "noun, feminine singular with definite article - the battle",
"*Gôb*": "proper noun - Gob",
"*Pĕlištîm*": "proper noun, plural - Philistines",
"*wayyak*": "waw-consecutive + hiphil imperfect 3ms - and he struck",
"*ʾElḥānān*": "proper noun - Elhanan",
"*ben*": "noun, masculine singular construct - son of",
"*Yaʿărê*": "proper noun - Jaare",
"*ʾōrĕgîm*": "qal participle masculine plural - weavers",
"*Bêt*": "noun, masculine singular construct - house of",
"*Laḥmî*": "proper noun with definite article - the Lehmite",
"*ʾēt*": "direct object marker",
"*Golyat*": "proper noun - Goliath",
"*Gittî*": "gentilic adjective with definite article - the Gittite",
"*ʿēṣ*": "noun, masculine singular construct - shaft of",
"*ḥănîtô*": "noun, feminine singular construct + 3ms suffix - his spear",
"*mĕnôr*": "noun, masculine singular construct - beam of",
"*ʾōrĕgîm*": "qal participle masculine plural - weavers"
},
"variants": {
"*Yaʿărê* *ʾōrĕgîm*": "Jaare-oregim/possibly 'forests of weavers'/professional title",
"*mĕnôr* *ʾōrĕgîm*": "weaver's beam/rod in a loom"
}
}
20 {
"verseID": "2Samuel.21.20",
"source": "וַתְּהִי־ע֥וֹד מִלְחָמָ֖ה בְּגַ֑ת וַיְהִ֣י ׀ אִ֣ישׁ *מדין **מָד֗וֹן וְאֶצְבְּעֹ֣ת יָדָיו֩ וְאֶצְבְּעֹ֨ת רַגְלָ֜יו שֵׁ֣שׁ וָשֵׁ֗שׁ עֶשְׂרִ֤ים וְאַרְבַּע֙ מִסְפָּ֔ר וְגַם־ה֖וּא יֻלַּ֥ד לְהָרָפָֽה",
"text": "And *wattĕhî*-more *milḥāmâ* in-*Gat*, and *wayĕhî* *ʾîš* *mādôn*, and-*ʾeṣbĕʿōt* *yādāyw* and-*ʾeṣbĕʿōt* *raglāyw* six and-six, twenty and-four in-*mispār*, and-also-he *yullad* to-the-*hārāpâ*.",
"grammar": {
"*wattĕhî*": "waw-consecutive + qal imperfect 3fs - and there was",
"*milḥāmâ*": "noun, feminine singular - battle",
"*Gat*": "proper noun - Gath",
"*wayĕhî*": "waw-consecutive + qal imperfect 3ms - and there was",
"*ʾîš*": "noun, masculine singular - man",
"*mādôn*": "noun, masculine singular (Ketiv: *mdyn*) - stature/contention",
"*ʾeṣbĕʿōt*": "noun, feminine plural construct - fingers of",
"*yādāyw*": "noun, feminine dual construct + 3ms suffix - his hands",
"*raglāyw*": "noun, feminine dual construct + 3ms suffix - his feet",
"*mispār*": "noun, masculine singular - number",
"*yullad*": "pual perfect 3ms - he was born",
"*hārāpâ*": "proper noun with definite article - the Raphah"
},
"variants": {
"*mādôn*": "stature/great size/contention",
"*yullad* to-the-*hārāpâ*": "was born to the Raphah/was of giant descent"
}
}
21 {
"verseID": "2Samuel.21.21",
"source": "וַיְחָרֵ֖ף אֶת־יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל וַיַּכֵּ֙הוּ֙ יְה֣וֹנָתָ֔ן בֶּן־*שמעי **שִׁמְעָ֖ה אֲחִ֥י דָוִֽד",
"text": "And *wayĕḥārēp* *ʾet*-*Yiśrāʾēl*, and *wayyakkēhû* *Yĕhônātān* *ben*-*Šimʿâ* *ʾăḥî* *Dāwid*.",
"grammar": {
"*wayĕḥārēp*": "waw-consecutive + piel imperfect 3ms - and he taunted",
"*ʾet*": "direct object marker",
"*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel",
"*wayyakkēhû*": "waw-consecutive + hiphil imperfect 3ms + 3ms suffix - and he struck him",
"*Yĕhônātān*": "proper noun - Jonathan",
"*ben*": "noun, masculine singular construct - son of",
"*Šimʿâ*": "proper noun (Ketiv: *šmʿy*) - Shimea",
"*ʾăḥî*": "noun, masculine singular construct - brother of",
"*Dāwid*": "proper noun - David"
},
"variants": {
"*wayĕḥārēp*": "taunted/defied/reproached"
}
}
22 {
"verseID": "2Samuel.21.22",
"source": "אֶת־אַרְבַּ֥עַת אֵ֛לֶּה יֻלְּד֥וּ לְהָרָפָ֖ה בְּגַ֑ת וַיִּפְּל֥וּ בְיַד־דָּוִ֖ד וּבְיַ֥ד עֲבָדָֽיו",
"text": "*ʾet*-four *ʾēlleh* *yullĕdû* to-the-*hārāpâ* in-*Gat*, and *wayyippĕlû* by-*yad*-*Dāwid* and-by-*yad* *ʿăbādāyw*.",
"grammar": {
"*ʾet*": "direct object marker",
"*ʾēlleh*": "demonstrative pronoun - these",
"*yullĕdû*": "pual perfect 3cp - they were born",
"*hārāpâ*": "proper noun with definite article - the Raphah",
"*Gat*": "proper noun - Gath",
"*wayyippĕlû*": "waw-consecutive + qal imperfect 3mp - and they fell",
"*yad*": "noun, feminine singular construct - hand of",
"*Dāwid*": "proper noun - David",
"*ʿăbādāyw*": "noun, masculine plural construct + 3ms suffix - his servants"
},
"variants": {
"*wayyippĕlû* by-*yad*": "they fell by the hand of/they were killed by",
"*yullĕdû* to-the-*hārāpâ*": "were born to the Raphah/were of giant descent"
}
}