17 {
"verseID": "Ezekiel.18.17",
"source": "מֵעָנִ֞י הֵשִׁ֣יב יָד֗וֹ נֶ֤שֶׁךְ וְתַרְבִּית֙ לֹ֣א לָקָ֔ח מִשְׁפָּטַ֣י עָשָׂ֔ה בְּחֻקּוֹתַ֖י הָלָ֑ךְ ה֗וּא לֹ֥א יָמ֛וּת בַּעֲוֺ֥ן אָבִ֖יו חָיֹ֥ה יִחְיֶֽה׃",
"text": "*mē-* *ʿānî* *hēšîb* *yādô* *nešek* *wə-* *tarbît* *lōʾ* *lāqāḥ* *mišpāṭay* *ʿāśāh* *bə-* *ḥuqqôtay* *hālāk* *hûʾ* *lōʾ* *yāmût* *ba-* *ʿăwōn* *ʾābîw* *ḥāyōh* *yiḥyeh*",
"grammar": {
"*mē-*": "preposition - from",
"*ʿānî*": "adjective masculine singular - poor",
"*hēšîb*": "Hiphil perfect 3rd masculine singular - he has turned back",
"*yādô*": "feminine singular noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his hand",
"*nešek*": "masculine singular noun - interest, usury",
"*wə-*": "conjunction - and",
"*tarbît*": "feminine singular noun - increase, profit",
"*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not",
"*lāqāḥ*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - he has taken",
"*mišpāṭay*": "masculine plural noun with 1st person singular suffix - my judgments",
"*ʿāśāh*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - he has done",
"*bə-*": "preposition - in",
"*ḥuqqôtay*": "feminine plural noun with 1st person singular suffix - my statutes",
"*hālāk*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - he has walked",
"*hûʾ*": "3rd masculine singular pronoun - he",
"*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not",
"*yāmût*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - he will die",
"*ba-*": "preposition with definite article - in the",
"*ʿăwōn*": "masculine singular construct - iniquity of",
"*ʾābîw*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his father",
"*ḥāyōh*": "Qal infinitive absolute - live",
"*yiḥyeh*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - he will live"
},
"variants": {
"*hēšîb* *yādô*": "turned back his hand/refrained from/withheld his hand",
"*nešek*": "interest/usury/unjust gain",
"*tarbît*": "increase/profit/interest",
"*ʿăwōn*": "iniquity/guilt/punishment",
"*ḥāyōh* *yiḥyeh*": "surely live/certainly live (emphatic construction)"
}
}
18 {
"verseID": "Ezekiel.18.18",
"source": "אָבִ֞יו כִּֽי־עָ֣שַׁק עֹ֗שֶׁק גָּזַל֙ גֵּ֣זֶל אָ֔ח וַאֲשֶׁ֥ר לֹא־ט֛וֹב עָשָׂ֖ה בְּת֣וֹךְ עַמָּ֑יו וְהִנֵּה־מֵ֖ת בַּעֲוֺנֽוֹ׃",
"text": "*ʾābîw* *kî*-*ʿāšaq* *ʿōšeq* *gāzal* *gēzel* *ʾāḥ* *wa-* *ʾăšer* *lōʾ*-*ṭôb* *ʿāśāh* *bə-* *tôk* *ʿammāyw* *wə-* *hinnēh*-*mēt* *ba-* *ʿăwōnô*",
"grammar": {
"*ʾābîw*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his father",
"*kî*": "conjunction - because, for",
"*ʿāšaq*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - he has oppressed",
"*ʿōšeq*": "masculine singular noun - oppression",
"*gāzal*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - he has robbed",
"*gēzel*": "masculine singular noun - robbery",
"*ʾāḥ*": "masculine singular noun - brother",
"*wa-*": "conjunction - and",
"*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which, that",
"*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not",
"*ṭôb*": "adjective masculine singular - good",
"*ʿāśāh*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - he has done",
"*bə-*": "preposition - in",
"*tôk*": "masculine singular construct - midst of",
"*ʿammāyw*": "masculine plural noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his peoples",
"*wə-*": "conjunction - and",
"*hinnēh*": "interjection - behold",
"*mēt*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - he died",
"*ba-*": "preposition with definite article - in the",
"*ʿăwōnô*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his iniquity"
},
"variants": {
"*ʿāšaq* *ʿōšeq*": "cruelly oppressed/severely exploited (emphatic construction)",
"*gāzal* *gēzel*": "violently robbed/committed robbery (emphatic construction)",
"*ʾāḥ*": "brother/kinsman (here possibly 'of his brother/fellow')",
"*ʿammāyw*": "his peoples/his fellow citizens/his community",
"*ʿăwōnô*": "his iniquity/his guilt/his punishment"
}
}
19 {
"verseID": "Ezekiel.18.19",
"source": "וַאֲמַרְתֶּ֕ם מַדֻּ֛עַ לֹא־נָשָׂ֥א הַבֵּ֖ן בַּעֲוֺ֣ן הָאָ֑ב וְהַבֵּ֞ן מִשְׁפָּ֧ט וּצְדָקָ֣ה עָשָׂ֗ה אֵ֣ת כָּל־חֻקּוֹתַ֥י שָׁמַ֛ר וַיַּעֲשֶׂ֥ה אֹתָ֖ם חָיֹ֥ה יִחְיֶֽה׃",
"text": "*wa-* *ʾămartem* *maddûaʿ* *lōʾ*-*nāśāʾ* *ha-bēn* *ba-* *ʿăwōn* *hā-ʾāb* *wə-* *ha-bēn* *mišpāṭ* *û-* *ṣədāqāh* *ʿāśāh* *ʾēt* *kol*-*ḥuqqôtay* *šāmar* *wa-* *yaʿăśeh* *ʾōtām* *ḥāyōh* *yiḥyeh*",
"grammar": {
"*wa-*": "conjunction - and",
"*ʾămartem*": "Qal perfect 2nd masculine plural - you have said",
"*maddûaʿ*": "interrogative - why",
"*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not",
"*nāśāʾ*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - he has borne",
"*ha-bēn*": "definite article with masculine singular noun - the son",
"*ba-*": "preposition with definite article - in the",
"*ʿăwōn*": "masculine singular construct - iniquity of",
"*hā-ʾāb*": "definite article with masculine singular noun - the father",
"*wə-*": "conjunction - and",
"*ha-bēn*": "definite article with masculine singular noun - the son",
"*mišpāṭ*": "masculine singular noun - justice",
"*û-*": "conjunction - and",
"*ṣədāqāh*": "feminine singular noun - righteousness",
"*ʿāśāh*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - he has done",
"*ʾēt*": "direct object marker",
"*kol*": "construct state, masculine singular - all of",
"*ḥuqqôtay*": "feminine plural noun with 1st person singular suffix - my statutes",
"*šāmar*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - he has kept",
"*wa-*": "conjunction - and",
"*yaʿăśeh*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - he does/will do",
"*ʾōtām*": "direct object marker with 3rd masculine plural suffix - them",
"*ḥāyōh*": "Qal infinitive absolute - live",
"*yiḥyeh*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - he will live"
},
"variants": {
"*nāśāʾ*": "borne/carried/suffered punishment for",
"*ʿăwōn*": "iniquity/guilt/punishment",
"*mišpāṭ* *û-* *ṣədāqāh*": "justice and righteousness/judgment and right/fairness and equity",
"*ḥāyōh* *yiḥyeh*": "surely live/certainly live (emphatic construction)"
}
}
20 {
"verseID": "Ezekiel.18.20",
"source": "הַנֶּ֥פֶשׁ הַחֹטֵ֖את הִ֣יא תָמ֑וּת בֵּ֞ן לֹא־יִשָּׂ֣א ׀ בַּעֲוֺ֣ן הָאָ֗ב וְאָב֙ לֹ֤א יִשָּׂא֙ בַּעֲוֺ֣ן הַבֵּ֔ן צִדְקַ֤ת הַצַּדִּיק֙ עָלָ֣יו תִּֽהְיֶ֔ה וְרִשְׁעַ֥ת *רשע **הָרָשָׁ֖ע עָלָ֥יו תִּֽהְיֶֽה׃",
"text": "*ha-nepeš* *ha-ḥōṭēʾt* *hîʾ* *tāmût* *bēn* *lōʾ*-*yiśśāʾ* *ba-* *ʿăwōn* *hā-ʾāb* *wə-* *ʾāb* *lōʾ* *yiśśāʾ* *ba-* *ʿăwōn* *ha-bēn* *ṣidqat* *ha-ṣaddîq* *ʿālāyw* *tihyeh* *wə-* *rišʿat* *hā-rāšāʿ* *ʿālāyw* *tihyeh*",
"grammar": {
"*ha-nepeš*": "definite article with feminine singular noun - the soul",
"*ha-ḥōṭēʾt*": "definite article with Qal participle feminine singular - the sinning",
"*hîʾ*": "3rd feminine singular pronoun - she/it",
"*tāmût*": "Qal imperfect 3rd feminine singular - will die",
"*bēn*": "masculine singular noun - son",
"*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not",
"*yiśśāʾ*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - he will bear",
"*ba-*": "preposition with definite article - in the",
"*ʿăwōn*": "masculine singular construct - iniquity of",
"*hā-ʾāb*": "definite article with masculine singular noun - the father",
"*wə-*": "conjunction - and",
"*ʾāb*": "masculine singular noun - father",
"*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not",
"*yiśśāʾ*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - he will bear",
"*ba-*": "preposition with definite article - in the",
"*ʿăwōn*": "masculine singular construct - iniquity of",
"*ha-bēn*": "definite article with masculine singular noun - the son",
"*ṣidqat*": "feminine singular construct - righteousness of",
"*ha-ṣaddîq*": "definite article with adjective masculine singular - the righteous",
"*ʿālāyw*": "preposition with 3rd masculine singular suffix - upon him",
"*tihyeh*": "Qal imperfect 3rd feminine singular - it will be",
"*wə-*": "conjunction - and",
"*rišʿat*": "feminine singular construct - wickedness of",
"*hā-rāšāʿ*": "definite article with adjective masculine singular - the wicked",
"*ʿālāyw*": "preposition with 3rd masculine singular suffix - upon him",
"*tihyeh*": "Qal imperfect 3rd feminine singular - it will be"
},
"variants": {
"*nepeš*": "soul/life/person/being",
"*ḥōṭēʾt*": "sinning/erring/missing the mark",
"*yiśśāʾ*": "bear/carry/suffer punishment for",
"*ʿăwōn*": "iniquity/guilt/punishment",
"*ṣidqat*": "righteousness/justice/right actions",
"*rišʿat*": "wickedness/guilt/evil"
}
}