2 Kings 19:28

biblecontext

{ "verseID": "2 Kings.19.28", "source": "יַ֚עַן הִתְרַגֶּזְךָ֣ אֵלַ֔י וְשַׁאֲנַנְךָ֖ עָלָ֣ה בְאָזְנָ֑י וְשַׂמְתִּ֨י חַחִ֜י בְּאַפֶּ֗ךָ וּמִתְגִּי֙ בִּשְׂפָתֶ֔יךָ וַהֲשִׁ֣בֹתִ֔יךָ בַּדֶּ֖רֶךְ אֲשֶׁר־בָּ֥אתָ בָּֽהּ׃", "text": "Because *hitragezkā* to-me, and-*ša'ănankā* *'ālâ* in-*'oznāy*, and-*śamtî* *ḥaḥî* in-*'appekā*, and-*mitgî* in-*śᵊpātêkā*, and-*hăšîḇōtîkā* in-the-*derek* which-*bā'tā* on-it.", "grammar": { "*hitragezkā*": "Hitpael infinitive construct with 2nd masculine singular suffix - your raging", "*ša'ănankā*": "noun masculine singular construct with 2nd masculine singular suffix - your arrogance", "*'ālâ*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - it has come up", "*'oznāy*": "noun feminine dual construct with 1st person common singular suffix - my ears", "*śamtî*": "Qal perfect 1st person common singular - I will put", "*ḥaḥî*": "noun masculine singular construct with 1st person common singular suffix - my hook", "*'appekā*": "noun masculine singular construct with 2nd masculine singular suffix - your nose", "*mitgî*": "noun masculine singular construct with 1st person common singular suffix - my bridle", "*śᵊpātêkā*": "noun feminine dual construct with 2nd masculine singular suffix - your lips", "*hăšîḇōtîkā*": "Hiphil perfect 1st person common singular with 2nd masculine singular suffix with waw consecutive - and I will turn you back", "*derek*": "noun masculine singular - way/road", "*bā'tā*": "Qal perfect 2nd masculine singular - you came" }, "variants": { "*hitragezkā*": "your raging/being agitated/being in turmoil", "*ša'ănankā*": "your arrogance/complacency/self-confidence", "*'ālâ*": "has come up/ascended/entered", "*'oznāy*": "my ears/hearing", "*śamtî*": "I will put/place/set", "*ḥaḥî*": "my hook/ring/nose-ring", "*'appekā*": "your nose/nostrils/face", "*mitgî*": "my bridle/bit/muzzle", "*śᵊpātêkā*": "your lips/speech/language", "*hăšîḇōtîkā*": "I will turn you back/return you/bring you back", "*derek*": "way/road/path/journey", "*bā'tā*": "you came/entered/arrived" } }

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

יַ֚עַן הִתְרַגֶּזְךָ֣ אֵלַ֔י וְשַׁאֲנַנְךָ֖ עָלָ֣ה בְאָזְנָ֑י וְשַׂמְתִּ֨י חַחִ֜י בְּאַפֶּ֗ךָ וּמִתְגִּי֙ בִּשְׂפָתֶ֔יךָ וַהֲשִׁ֣בֹתִ֔יךָ בַּדֶּ֖רֶךְ אֲשֶׁר־בָּ֥אתָ בָּֽהּ׃

Transliteration

Because hitragezkā to-me, and-ša'ănankā 'ālâ in-'oznāy, and-śamtî ḥaḥî in-'appekā, and-mitgî in-śᵊpātêkā, and-hăšîḇōtîkā in-the-derek which-bā'tā on-it.

Grammar Details

• *hitragezkā*: Hitpael infinitive construct with 2nd masculine singular suffix - your raging
• *ša'ănankā*: noun masculine singular construct with 2nd masculine singular suffix - your arrogance
• *'ālâ*: Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - it has come up
• *'oznāy*: noun feminine dual construct with 1st person common singular suffix - my ears
• *śamtî*: Qal perfect 1st person common singular - I will put
• *ḥaḥî*: noun masculine singular construct with 1st person common singular suffix - my hook
• *'appekā*: noun masculine singular construct with 2nd masculine singular suffix - your nose
• *mitgî*: noun masculine singular construct with 1st person common singular suffix - my bridle
• *śᵊpātêkā*: noun feminine dual construct with 2nd masculine singular suffix - your lips
• *hăšîḇōtîkā*: Hiphil perfect 1st person common singular with 2nd masculine singular suffix with waw consecutive - and I will turn you back
• *derek*: noun masculine singular - way/road
• *bā'tā*: Qal perfect 2nd masculine singular - you came

Word Meanings

• *hitragezkā*: your raging/being agitated/being in turmoil
• *ša'ănankā*: your arrogance/complacency/self-confidence
• *'ālâ*: has come up/ascended/entered
• *'oznāy*: my ears/hearing
• *śamtî*: I will put/place/set
• *ḥaḥî*: my hook/ring/nose-ring
• *'appekā*: your nose/nostrils/face
• *mitgî*: my bridle/bit/muzzle
• *śᵊpātêkā*: your lips/speech/language
• *hăšîḇōtîkā*: I will turn you back/return you/bring you back
• *derek*: way/road/path/journey
• *bā'tā*: you came/entered/arrived

Other Translations

• Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts

  Because of your raging against Me and your arrogance that has reached My ears, I will put My hook in your nose and My bridle in your lips, and I will turn you back by the way you came.

• King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)

  Because thy rage against me and thy tumult is come up into mine ears, therefore I will put my hook in thy nose, and my bridle in thy lips, and I will turn thee back by the way by which thou camest.

• KJV1611 – Modern English

  Because your rage against me and your tumult have come up into my ears, therefore I will put my hook in your nose, and my bridle in your lips, and I will turn you back by the way by which you came.

• King James Version 1611 (Original)

  Because thy rage against me and thy tumult is come up into mine ears, therefore I will put my hook in thy nose, and my bridle in thy lips, and I will turn thee back by the way by which thou camest.

• American Standard Version with Strong's Numbers

  Because of thy raging against me, and because thine arrogancy is come up into mine ears, therefore will I put my hook in thy nose, and my bridle in thy lips, and I will turn thee back by the way by which thou camest.

• King James Version with Strong's Numbers

  Because thy rage against me and thy tumult is come up into mine ears, therefore I will put my hook in thy nose, and my bridle in thy lips, and I will turn thee back by the way by which thou camest.

• Coverdale Bible (1535)

  For so moch then as thou ragest agaynst me, and seynge thy presumpcion is come vp to myne eares, therfore wyll I put a rynge in thy nose, and a brydle bytt in thy lippes, and wyll brynge the agayne, euen the same waye thou camest.

• Geneva Bible (1560)

  And because thou ragest against me, and thy tumult is come vp to mine eares, I will put mine hooke in thy nostrels, and my bridle in thy lippes, and will bring thee backe againe the same way thou camest.

• Bishops' Bible (1568)

  And because thou ragest against me, & thy tumult is come vp to myne eares, I will put my hoke in thy nostrels, and my byt in thy lippes, and wil bring thee backe againe the same way thou camest.

• Authorized King James Version (1611)

  Because thy rage against me and thy tumult is come up into mine ears, therefore I will put my hook in thy nose, and my bridle in thy lips, and I will turn thee back by the way by which thou camest.

• Webster's Bible (1833)

  Because of your raging against me, and because your arrogance is come up into my ears, therefore will I put my hook in your nose, and my bridle in your lips, and I will turn you back by the way by which you came.

• Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

  Because of thine anger towards Me, And thy noise -- it came up into Mine ears, I have put My hook in thy nose, And My bridle in thy lips, And have caused thee to turn back, In the way in which thou camest.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  Because of thy raging against me, and because thine arrogancy is come up into mine ears, therefore will I put my hook in thy nose, and my bridle in thy lips, and I will turn thee back by the way by which thou camest.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  Because of thy raging against me, and because thine arrogancy is come up into mine ears, therefore will I put my hook in thy nose, and my bridle in thy lips, and I will turn thee back by the way by which thou camest.

• Bible in Basic English (1941)

  Because your wrath against me and your words of pride have come up to my ears, I will put my hook in your nose and my cord in your lips, and I will make you go back by the way you came.

• World English Bible (2000)

  Because of your raging against me, and because your arrogance has come up into my ears, therefore will I put my hook in your nose, and my bridle in your lips, and I will turn you back by the way by which you came."

• NET Bible® (New English Translation)

  Because you rage against me, and the uproar you create has reached my ears; I will put my hook in your nose, and my bridle between your lips, and I will lead you back the way you came.”

Referenced Verses

• Ezek 29:4 : 4 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.29.4", "source": "וְנָתַתִּ֤י *חחיים *חַחִים֙ בִּלְחָיֶ֔יךָ וְהִדְבַּקְתִּ֥י דְגַת־יְאֹרֶ֖יךָ בְּקַשְׂקְשֹׂתֶ֑יךָ וְהַעֲלִיתִ֙יךָ֙ מִתּ֣וֹךְ יְאֹרֶ֔יךָ וְאֵת֙ כָּל־דְּגַ֣ת יְאֹרֶ֔יךָ בְּקַשְׂקְשֹׂתֶ֖יךָ תִּדְבָּֽק", "text": "*wə-nātattî ḥaḥîm* in *ləḥāyeḵā* *wə-hiḏbaqtî* *dəḡat-yəʾōreḵā* in *qasqəśōteḵā* *wə-haʿălîtîḵā* from *tôḵ* *yəʾōreḵā* and *ʾēt* all-*dəḡat yəʾōreḵā* in *qasqəśōteḵā* *tiḏbāq*", "grammar": { "*wə-nātattî*": "conjunction + verb, qal perfect, 1st person singular - and I will put", "*ḥaḥîm*": "noun, masculine plural - hooks/thorns", "*ləḥāyeḵā*": "noun, feminine plural with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your jaws", "*wə-hiḏbaqtî*": "conjunction + verb, hiphil perfect, 1st person singular - and I will cause to stick/attach", "*dəḡat-yəʾōreḵā*": "construct phrase with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - fish of your rivers", "*qasqəśōteḵā*": "noun, feminine plural with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your scales", "*wə-haʿălîtîḵā*": "conjunction + verb, hiphil perfect, 1st person singular with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - and I will bring you up", "*tôḵ*": "noun, masculine singular construct - midst of", "*yəʾōreḵā*": "noun, masculine plural with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your rivers/canals", "*ʾēt*": "direct object marker", "*tiḏbāq*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person feminine singular - it will stick/cling" }, "variants": { "*ḥaḥîm*": "hooks/barbs/thorns/fishing implements", "*ləḥāyeḵā*": "your jaws/your cheeks", "*qasqəśōteḵā*": "your scales/your armor plates" } }
• 2 Kgs 19:33 : 33 { "verseID": "2 Kings.19.33", "source": "בַּדֶּ֥רֶךְ אֲשֶׁר־יָבֹ֖א בָּ֣הּ יָשׁ֑וּב וְאֶל־הָעִ֥יר הַזֹּ֛את לֹ֥א יָבֹ֖א נְאֻם־יְהוָֽה׃", "text": "In-the-*derek̲* which *yāḇōʾ* by-it *yāšûḇ*, and to *hā-ʿîr* *ha-zōʾt* not *yāḇōʾ* *nəʾum*-*yhwh*.", "grammar": { "*ba-derek̲*": "preposition + definite article + noun, feminine singular - in the way/road", "*ʾăšer*": "relative particle - which/that", "*yāḇōʾ*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he will come", "*bāh*": "preposition + 3rd person feminine singular suffix - by it", "*yāšûḇ*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he will return", "*wə-ʾel*": "conjunction + preposition - and to", "*hā-ʿîr*": "definite article + noun, feminine singular - the city", "*ha-zōʾt*": "definite article + demonstrative pronoun, feminine singular - this", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*yāḇōʾ*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he will come", "*nəʾum*": "noun, masculine singular construct - declaration of", "*yhwh*": "proper noun - YHWH/the LORD" }, "variants": { "*derek̲*": "way/road/path/journey", "*nəʾum*": "declaration/utterance/oracle" } }
• Ezek 38:4 : 4 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.38.4", "source": "וְשׁ֣וֹבַבְתִּ֔יךָ וְנָתַתִּ֥י חַחִ֖ים בִּלְחָיֶ֑יךָ וְהוֹצֵאתִי֩ אוֹתְךָ֨ וְאֶת־כָּל־חֵילֶ֜ךָ סוּסִ֣ים וּפָרָשִׁ֗ים לְבֻשֵׁ֤י מִכְלוֹל֙ כֻּלָּ֔ם קָהָ֥ל רָב֙ צִנָּ֣ה וּמָגֵ֔ן תֹּפְשֵׂ֥י חֲרָב֖וֹת כֻּלָּֽם׃", "text": "*wə-šôḇaḇtîḵā wə-nāṯattî ḥaḥîm bi-lḥāyêḵā wə-hôṣēʾṯî* you *wə-ʾeṯ-kol-ḥêleḵā*, *sûsîm û-p̄ārāšîm ləḇušê miḵlôl* all-of-them, *qāhāl raḇ ṣinnâ û-māḡēn tōp̄śê ḥărāḇôṯ* all-of-them", "grammar": { "*wə-šôḇaḇtîḵā*": "polel perfect, 1st person singular with 2nd person masculine singular suffix with conjunction - and I will turn you back/cause you to return", "*wə-nāṯattî*": "qal perfect, 1st person singular with conjunction - and I will put/place", "*ḥaḥîm*": "common noun, masculine plural - hooks/rings", "*bi-lḥāyêḵā*": "preposition with common noun, feminine dual with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - in your jaws", "*wə-hôṣēʾṯî*": "hiphil perfect, 1st person singular with conjunction - and I will bring out/lead out", "*ʾôṯəḵā*": "direct object marker with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - you", "*wə-ʾeṯ-kol-ḥêleḵā*": "direct object marker with noun construct and 2nd person masculine singular suffix - and all your army", "*sûsîm*": "common noun, masculine plural - horses", "*û-p̄ārāšîm*": "common noun, masculine plural with conjunction - and horsemen/riders", "*ləḇušê*": "qal passive participle, masculine plural construct - clothed in/wearing", "*miḵlôl*": "common noun, masculine singular - perfection/splendor/gorgeous attire", "*kullām*": "noun with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - all of them", "*qāhāl*": "common noun, masculine singular - assembly/congregation", "*raḇ*": "adjective, masculine singular - great/many/much", "*ṣinnâ*": "common noun, feminine singular - large shield", "*û-māḡēn*": "common noun, masculine singular with conjunction - and small shield/buckler", "*tōp̄śê*": "qal participle, masculine plural construct - grasping/handling", "*ḥărāḇôṯ*": "common noun, feminine plural - swords", "*kullām*": "noun with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - all of them" }, "variants": { "*šôḇaḇtîḵā*": "turn you back/turn you around/lead you astray", "*ḥaḥîm*": "hooks/rings/nose-rings", "*miḵlôl*": "gorgeous attire/splendid armor/perfect outfit" } }
• Amos 4:2 : 2 { "verseID": "Amos.4.2", "source": "נִשְׁבַּ֨ע אֲדֹנָ֤י יְהוִה֙ בְּקָדְשׁ֔וֹ כִּ֛י הִנֵּ֥ה יָמִ֖ים בָּאִ֣ים עֲלֵיכֶ֑ם וְנִשָּׂ֤א אֶתְכֶם֙ בְּצִנּ֔וֹת וְאַחֲרִיתְכֶ֖ן בְּסִיר֥וֹת דּוּגָֽה׃", "text": "*Nišbaʿ* *ʾAdōnāy* *YHWH* in *qodšô* that *hinnēh* *yāmîm* *bāʾîm* upon you, *wǝ-nissāʾ* *ʾetkem* in *ṣinnôt* and *ʾaḥărîtken* in *sîrôt* *dûgāh*", "grammar": { "*Nišbaʿ*": "perfect, 3rd person masculine singular, niphal - has sworn", "*ʾAdōnāy*": "noun, masculine singular with 1st person suffix - my Lord", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - divine name", "*qodšô*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his holiness", "*hinnēh*": "demonstrative particle - behold/look", "*yāmîm*": "noun, masculine plural - days", "*bāʾîm*": "participle, masculine plural - coming", "*wǝ-nissāʾ*": "conjunction + perfect, 3rd person masculine singular, niphal - and he will lift up", "*ʾetkem*": "direct object marker with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - you", "*ṣinnôt*": "noun, feminine plural - hooks/barbs", "*ʾaḥărîtken*": "noun, feminine singular with 2nd person feminine plural suffix - your posterity/remnant", "*sîrôt*": "noun, feminine plural - pots/baskets", "*dûgāh*": "noun, feminine singular - fishing/fishery" }, "variants": { "*ṣinnôt*": "hooks/barbs/thorns", "*sîrôt*": "pots/baskets/vessels", "*dûgāh*": "fishing/fishery [could refer to fishing hooks or equipment]", "*ʾaḥărîtken*": "your remnant/posterity/last part [feminine plural form suggesting continued address to the women]" } }
• Job 41:2 : 2 { "verseID": "Job.41.2", "source": "לֹֽא־אַ֭כְזָר כִּ֣י יְעוּרֶ֑נּוּ וּמִ֥י ה֝֗וּא לְפָנַ֥י יִתְיַצָּֽב׃", "text": "*Lōʾ*-*ʾaḵzār* *kî* *yəʿûrennû* *ûmî* *hûʾ* *ləp̄ānay* *yiṯyaṣṣāḇ*", "grammar": { "*Lōʾ*-*ʾaḵzār*": "negative particle with adjective - not cruel/fierce", "*kî*": "conjunction - that/when/because", "*yəʿûrennû*": "hiphil imperfect, 3rd masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - he arouses/stirs him up", "*ûmî*": "conjunction with interrogative pronoun - and who", "*hûʾ*": "3rd masculine singular pronoun - he/it", "*ləp̄ānay*": "preposition with noun, plural construct with 1st singular suffix - before me/in my presence", "*yiṯyaṣṣāḇ*": "hithpael imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - he stands/positions himself" }, "variants": { "*ʾaḵzār*": "cruel/fierce/brave", "*yəʿûrennû*": "arouses him/stirs him up/awakens him", "*yiṯyaṣṣāḇ*": "stands himself/positions himself/presents himself" } }
• Ps 2:1-5 : 1 { "verseID": "Psalms.2.1", "source": "לָ֭מָּה רָגְשׁ֣וּ גוֹיִ֑ם וּ֝לְאֻמִּ֗ים יֶהְגּוּ־רִֽיק", "text": "*lāmmâ* *rāḡəšû* *gôyim* *û-ləʾummîm* *yehgû*-*rîq*", "grammar": { "*lāmmâ*": "interrogative adverb - why/for what reason", "*rāḡəšû*": "qal perfect, 3rd person plural - they rage/are in tumult", "*gôyim*": "masculine plural noun - nations/gentiles", "*û-ləʾummîm*": "conjunction + masculine plural noun - and peoples/nations", "*yehgû*": "qal imperfect, 3rd person plural - they meditate/mutter/plot", "*rîq*": "masculine singular noun - emptiness/vanity" }, "variants": { "*rāḡəšû*": "rage/gather tumultuously/conspire", "*gôyim*": "nations/gentiles/heathen peoples", "*yehgû*": "meditate/mutter/plot/imagine", "*rîq*": "emptiness/vanity/worthlessness/futility" } } 2 { "verseID": "Psalms.2.2", "source": "יִ֥תְיַצְּב֨וּ ׀ מַלְכֵי־אֶ֗רֶץ וְרוֹזְנִ֥ים נֽוֹסְדוּ־יָ֑חַד עַל־יְ֝הוָה וְעַל־מְשִׁיחֽוֹ", "text": "*yiṯyaṣṣəḇû* *malḵê*-*ʾereṣ* *wə-rôzənîm* *nôsəḏû*-*yāḥaḏ* *ʿal*-*YHWH* *wə-ʿal*-*məšîḥô*", "grammar": { "*yiṯyaṣṣəḇû*": "hithpael imperfect, 3rd person plural - they set themselves/take a stand", "*malḵê*": "construct masculine plural noun - kings of", "*ʾereṣ*": "feminine singular noun - earth/land", "*wə-rôzənîm*": "conjunction + masculine plural noun - and rulers/princes", "*nôsəḏû*": "niphal perfect, 3rd person plural - they take counsel together/consult together", "*yāḥaḏ*": "adverb - together/unitedly", "*ʿal*": "preposition - against/upon", "*YHWH*": "proper name - LORD/Yahweh", "*wə-ʿal*": "conjunction + preposition - and against", "*məšîḥô*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his anointed one" }, "variants": { "*yiṯyaṣṣəḇû*": "take a stand/set themselves/station themselves", "*rôzənîm*": "rulers/princes/potentates", "*nôsəḏû*": "consult together/take counsel together/conspire", "*məšîḥô*": "his anointed one/his messiah" } } 3 { "verseID": "Psalms.2.3", "source": "נְֽ֭נַתְּקָה אֶת־מֽוֹסְרוֹתֵ֑ימוֹ וְנַשְׁלִ֖יכָה מִמֶּ֣נּוּ עֲבֹתֵֽימוֹ", "text": "*nənatəqâ* *ʾeṯ*-*môsərôṯêmô* *wə-našlîḵâ* *mimmennû* *ʿăḇōṯêmô*", "grammar": { "*nənatəqâ*": "piel cohortative, 1st person plural - let us tear off/break", "*ʾeṯ*": "direct object marker", "*môsərôṯêmô*": "feminine plural noun with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their bonds/fetters", "*wə-našlîḵâ*": "conjunction + hiphil cohortative, 1st person plural - and let us cast away", "*mimmennû*": "preposition + 1st person plural suffix - from us", "*ʿăḇōṯêmô*": "masculine plural noun with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their cords/ropes" }, "variants": { "*nənatəqâ*": "let us tear off/break/snap", "*môsərôṯêmô*": "their bonds/fetters/restraints", "*našlîḵâ*": "let us cast away/throw off/fling", "*ʿăḇōṯêmô*": "their cords/ropes/bonds" } } 4 { "verseID": "Psalms.2.4", "source": "יוֹשֵׁ֣ב בַּשָּׁמַ֣יִם יִשְׂחָ֑ק אֲ֝דֹנָ֗י יִלְעַג־לָֽמוֹ", "text": "*yôšēḇ* *baššāmayim* *yiśḥāq* *ʾăḏōnāy* *yilʿaḡ*-*lāmô*", "grammar": { "*yôšēḇ*": "qal participle, masculine singular - the one sitting/dwelling", "*baššāmayim*": "preposition + definite article + masculine plural noun - in the heavens", "*yiśḥāq*": "qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he laughs/mocks", "*ʾăḏōnāy*": "proper noun - Lord/Master", "*yilʿaḡ*": "qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he scoffs/mocks/derides", "*lāmô*": "preposition with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - at them" }, "variants": { "*yôšēḇ*": "one sitting/dwelling/enthroned", "*yiśḥāq*": "laughs/mocks/ridicules", "*yilʿaḡ*": "scoffs/mocks/derides/holds in derision" } } 5 { "verseID": "Psalms.2.5", "source": "אָ֤ז יְדַבֵּ֣ר אֵלֵ֣ימוֹ בְאַפּ֑וֹ וּֽבַחֲרוֹנ֥וֹ יְבַהֲלֵֽמוֹ", "text": "*ʾāz* *yəḏabbēr* *ʾēlêmô* *ḇəʾappô* *û-ḇaḥărônô* *yəḇahălēmô*", "grammar": { "*ʾāz*": "adverb - then", "*yəḏabbēr*": "piel imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he will speak", "*ʾēlêmô*": "preposition with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - to them", "*ḇəʾappô*": "preposition + masculine singular noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - in his anger/nostril", "*û-ḇaḥărônô*": "conjunction + preposition + masculine singular noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - and in his burning anger/wrath", "*yəḇahălēmô*": "piel imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - he will terrify/dismay them" }, "variants": { "*yəḏabbēr*": "speak/rebuke/address", "*ḇəʾappô*": "in his anger/nostril/face", "*ḥărônô*": "burning anger/fierce wrath/rage", "*yəḇahălēmô*": "terrify/dismay/alarm/overwhelm them" } }
• Ps 7:6 : 6 { "verseID": "Psalms.7.6", "source": "יִֽרַדֹּ֥ף אוֹיֵ֨ב ׀ נַפְשִׁ֡י וְיַשֵּׂ֗ג וְיִרְמֹ֣ס לָאָ֣רֶץ חַיָּ֑י וּכְבוֹדִ֓י ׀ לֶעָפָ֖ר יַשְׁכֵּ֣ן סֶֽלָה׃", "text": "*yiraddōp* *ʾôyēb* *napshî* *wəyaśśēg* *wəyirmōs* to-the-*ʾāreṣ* *ḥayyāy* *ûḵəbôdî* to-*ʿāpār* *yashkēn* *selāh*", "grammar": { "*yiraddōp*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he will pursue", "*ʾôyēb*": "noun, masculine singular - enemy", "*napshî*": "noun, feminine singular with 1st person singular suffix - my soul/life", "*wəyaśśēg*": "conjunction + verb, hiphil imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - and he will overtake", "*wəyirmōs*": "conjunction + verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - and he will trample", "*lāʾāreṣ*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular - to the earth/ground", "*ḥayyāy*": "noun, masculine plural with 1st person singular suffix - my life", "*ûḵəbôdî*": "conjunction + noun, masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix - and my honor/glory", "*leʿāpār*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular - to the dust", "*yashkēn*": "verb, hiphil imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he will make dwell/lay", "*selāh*": "musical notation/pause" }, "variants": { "*yiraddōp*": "pursue/chase/persecute", "*ʾôyēb*": "enemy/foe/adversary", "*napshî*": "my soul/my life/myself", "*yaśśēg*": "overtake/catch/reach", "*yirmōs*": "trample/tread/crush", "*ḥayyāy*": "my life/my living", "*kəbôdî*": "my honor/my glory/my dignity", "*ʿāpār*": "dust/dirt/earth", "*yashkēn*": "cause to dwell/lay down/place" } }
• Ps 10:13-14 : 13 { "verseID": "Psalms.10.13", "source": "עַל־מֶ֤ה ׀ נִאֵ֖ץ רָשָׁ֥ע ׀ אֱלֹהִ֑ים אָמַ֥ר בְּ֝לִבּ֗וֹ לֹ֣א תִדְרֹֽשׁ׃", "text": "*ʿal-meh* *niʾēṣ* *rāšāʿ* *ʾĕlōhîm* *ʾāmar* *bĕlibbô* *lōʾ* *tidrōš*", "grammar": { "*ʿal-meh*": "preposition + interrogative pronoun - on what/why", "*niʾēṣ*": "piel perfect 3rd person masculine singular - he spurns/despises", "*rāšāʿ*": "noun masculine singular - wicked person", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "noun masculine plural - God", "*ʾāmar*": "qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - he says/said", "*bĕlibbô*": "preposition + noun masculine singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - in his heart", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*tidrōš*": "qal imperfect 2nd person masculine singular - you will inquire/require" }, "variants": { "*ʿal-meh*": "why/on account of what", "*niʾēṣ*": "spurn/despise/scorn", "*rāšāʿ*": "wicked person/evildoer", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "God/gods/divine being", "*ʾāmar*": "say/speak/think", "*lēb*": "heart/mind/inner self", "*tidrōš*": "inquire/seek/require" } } 14 { "verseID": "Psalms.10.14", "source": "רָאִ֡תָה כִּֽי־אַתָּ֤ה ׀ עָ֘מָ֤ל וָכַ֨עַס ׀ תַּבִּיט֮ לָתֵ֢ת בְּיָ֫דֶ֥ךָ עָ֭לֶיךָ יַעֲזֹ֣ב חֵלֶ֑כָה יָ֝ת֗וֹם אַתָּ֤ה ׀ הָיִ֬יתָ עוֹזֵֽר׃", "text": "*rāʾîtāh* *kî-ʾattāh* *ʿāmāl* *wākaʿas* *tabbîṭ* *lātēt* *bĕyādekā* *ʿāleykā* *yaʿăzōb* *ḥēlekāh* *yātôm* *ʾattāh* *hāyîtā* *ʿôzēr*", "grammar": { "*rāʾîtāh*": "qal perfect 2nd person masculine singular - you have seen", "*kî*": "conjunction - for/that/because", "*ʾattāh*": "pronoun 2nd person masculine singular - you", "*ʿāmāl*": "noun masculine singular - trouble/mischief", "*wākaʿas*": "conjunction + noun masculine singular - and vexation/provocation", "*tabbîṭ*": "hiphil imperfect 2nd person masculine singular - you look/observe", "*lātēt*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct - to give/put", "*bĕyādekā*": "preposition + noun feminine singular + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - in your hand", "*ʿāleykā*": "preposition + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - upon you", "*yaʿăzōb*": "qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - he leaves/abandons/entrusts", "*ḥēlekāh*": "noun masculine singular + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your army/force", "*yātôm*": "noun masculine singular - orphan/fatherless", "*ʾattāh*": "pronoun 2nd person masculine singular - you", "*hāyîtā*": "qal perfect 2nd person masculine singular - you have been", "*ʿôzēr*": "qal participle masculine singular - helper" }, "variants": { "*rāʾîtāh*": "see/perceive/observe", "*ʿāmāl*": "trouble/mischief/labor/toil", "*kaʿas*": "vexation/grief/provocation", "*tabbîṭ*": "look/observe/regard", "*lātēt*": "to give/put/place", "*yād*": "hand/power/strength", "*yaʿăzōb*": "leave/abandon/entrust", "*ḥēlekāh*": "army/force/host/company", "*yātôm*": "orphan/fatherless one", "*hāyîtā*": "be/become/happen", "*ʿôzēr*": "helper/one who helps" } }
• Ps 32:9 : 9 { "verseID": "Psalms.32.9", "source": "אַל־תִּֽהְי֤וּ ׀ כְּס֥וּס כְּפֶרֶד֮ אֵ֤ין הָ֫בִ֥ין בְּמֶֽתֶג־וָרֶ֣סֶן עֶדְי֣וֹ לִבְל֑וֹם בַּ֝֗ל קְרֹ֣ב אֵלֶֽיךָ׃", "text": "*ʾal*-*tihyû* *kəsûs* *kəp̄ereḏ* *ʾên* *hāḇîn* *bəmeṯeḡ*-*wāresen* *ʿeḏyô* *liḇlôm* *bal* *qərōḇ* *ʾēleḵā*.", "grammar": { "*ʾal*-*tihyû*": "negative particle + qal imperfect jussive 2nd person masculine plural - do not be", "*kəsûs*": "preposition *kə-* + masculine singular noun - like a horse", "*kəp̄ereḏ*": "preposition *kə-* + masculine singular noun - like a mule", "*ʾên*": "particle of negation - there is not", "*hāḇîn*": "hiphil infinitive construct - understanding", "*bəmeṯeḡ*": "preposition *bə-* + masculine singular noun - with bit", "*wāresen*": "conjunction *wə-* + masculine singular noun - and bridle", "*ʿeḏyô*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - its ornament/equipment", "*liḇlôm*": "preposition *lə-* + qal infinitive construct - to restrain/check", "*bal*": "negative particle - not", "*qərōḇ*": "qal infinitive construct - approaching", "*ʾēleḵā*": "preposition *ʾel* with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - to you" }, "variants": { "*ʾên* *hāḇîn*": "without understanding/having no understanding", "*meṯeḡ*-*wāresen* *ʿeḏyô*": "bit and bridle for its adorning/bit and bridle which are its restraint", "*liḇlôm*": "to restrain/to hold back/to check", "*bal* *qərōḇ* *ʾēleḵā*": "or else it will not come near to you/lest it come not near to you" } }
• Ps 46:6 : 6 { "verseID": "Psalms.46.6", "source": "אֱלֹהִ֣ים בְּ֭קִרְבָּה בַּל־תִּמּ֑וֹט יַעְזְרֶ֥הָ אֱ֝לֹהִ֗ים לִפְנ֥וֹת בֹּֽקֶר׃", "text": "*ʾĕlōhîm* in-*qirbāh* *bal*-*timmôṭ* *yaʿzərehā* *ʾĕlōhîm* to-*pənôt* *bōqer*", "grammar": { "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "masculine plural noun, subject - God", "*bə-qirbāh*": "preposition + feminine singular noun with 3rd feminine singular suffix - in her midst", "*bal-timmôṭ*": "negative particle + niphal imperfect 3rd feminine singular - she shall not be moved", "*yaʿzərehā*": "qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular + 3rd feminine singular suffix - he will help her", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "masculine plural noun, subject - God", "*li-pənôt*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct - at the turning/appearing of", "*bōqer*": "masculine singular noun - morning" }, "variants": { "*qirbāh*": "midst/inner part", "*timmôṭ*": "be moved/shaken/slip", "*yaʿzərehā*": "help/assist/support her", "*pənôt*": "turning/appearing/facing", "*bōqer*": "morning/dawn/daybreak" } }
• Ps 65:7 : 7 { "verseID": "Psalms.65.7", "source": "מֵכִ֣ין הָרִ֣ים בְּכֹח֑וֹ נֶ֝אְזָ֗ר בִּגְבוּרָֽה", "text": "*mēḵîn* *hārîm* in-*kōḥô* *neʾzār* in-*gəḇûrâ*", "grammar": { "*mēḵîn*": "participle, Hiphil active, masculine singular - establishing/setting up", "*hārîm*": "noun, masculine plural - mountains", "*bə-kōḥô*": "preposition beth (in) with noun, masculine singular and 3rd person masculine singular suffix - in his strength", "*neʾzār*": "participle, Niphal, masculine singular - girded/clothed", "*bi-gəḇûrâ*": "preposition beth (in) with noun, feminine singular - in might" }, "variants": { "*mēḵîn*": "establishing/setting up/making firm", "*hārîm*": "mountains/hills/high places", "*kōḥô*": "his strength/power/might", "*neʾzār*": "girded/clothed/equipped", "*gəḇûrâ*": "might/strength/power" } }
• Ps 74:4 : 4 { "verseID": "Psalms.74.4", "source": "שָׁאֲג֣וּ צֹ֭רְרֶיךָ בְּקֶ֣רֶב מוֹעֲדֶ֑ךָ שָׂ֖מוּ אוֹתֹתָ֣ם אֹתֽוֹת׃", "text": "*Sha'agu* your *tsorereicha* in *qerev* your *mo'adecha*, *samu* their *ototam* *otot*.", "grammar": { "*Sha'agu*": "qal perfect 3rd person common plural - 'they roared'", "*tsorereicha*": "qal participle masculine plural construct with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - 'your adversaries'", "*qerev*": "masculine singular construct - 'midst of'", "*mo'adecha*": "masculine singular noun with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - 'your meeting place/appointed place'", "*samu*": "qal perfect 3rd person common plural - 'they placed/set'", "*ototam*": "common plural noun with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - 'their signs'", "*otot*": "common plural noun - 'signs'" }, "variants": { "*Sha'agu*": "roared/bellowed/growled", "*tsorereicha*": "your adversaries/oppressors/enemies", "*mo'adecha*": "your appointed place/meeting place/sanctuary", "*otot*": "signs/banners/standards/emblems" } }
• Ps 74:23 : 23 { "verseID": "Psalms.74.23", "source": "אַל־תִּ֭שְׁכַּח ק֣וֹל צֹרְרֶ֑יךָ שְׁא֥וֹן קָ֝מֶ֗יךָ עֹלֶ֥ה תָמִֽיד׃", "text": "*Al-tishkach qol tsorereicha*; *she'on qamecha oleh tamid*.", "grammar": { "*Al-tishkach*": "negative particle + qal imperfect 2nd person masculine singular - 'do not forget'", "*qol*": "masculine singular construct - 'voice of'", "*tsorereicha*": "qal participle masculine plural construct with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - 'your adversaries'", "*she'on*": "masculine singular construct - 'uproar of'", "*qamecha*": "qal participle masculine plural construct with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - 'those rising against you'", "*oleh*": "qal participle masculine singular - 'going up/ascending'", "*tamid*": "adverb - 'continually'" }, "variants": { "*qol*": "voice/sound/noise", "*tsorereicha*": "your adversaries/your foes/your oppressors", "*she'on*": "uproar/tumult/noise", "*qamecha*": "those rising against you/your opponents/your enemies", "*oleh*": "ascending/rising/going up", "*tamid*": "continually/always/perpetually" } }
• Ps 83:2 : 2 { "verseID": "Psalms.83.2", "source": "אֱלֹהִ֥ים אַל־דֳּמִי־לָ֑ךְ אַל־תֶּחֱרַ֖שׁ וְאַל־תִּשְׁקֹ֣ט אֵֽל׃", "text": "*ʾĕlōhîm* *ʾal-domî-lāḵ* *ʾal-teḥĕraš* *weʾal-tišqōṭ* *ʾēl*", "grammar": { "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "masculine plural noun - God (with singular meaning)", "*ʾal-domî-lāḵ*": "negative particle + noun construct + preposition with 2ms suffix - not silence to you", "*ʾal-teḥĕraš*": "negative particle + 2ms Qal jussive - do not be silent/deaf", "*weʾal-tišqōṭ*": "conjunction + negative particle + 2ms Qal jussive - and do not be still/quiet", "*ʾēl*": "masculine singular noun - God/Mighty One" }, "variants": { "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "God/gods/divine beings", "*domî*": "silence/stillness/rest", "*ḥāraš*": "be silent/deaf/inactive", "*šāqaṭ*": "be quiet/still/at rest", "*ʾēl*": "God/deity/mighty one" } }
• Ps 93:3-4 : 3 { "verseID": "Psalms.93.3", "source": "נָשְׂא֤וּ נְהָר֨וֹת ׀ יְֽהוָ֗ה נָשְׂא֣וּ נְהָר֣וֹת קוֹלָ֑ם יִשְׂא֖וּ נְהָר֣וֹת דָּכְיָֽם׃", "text": "*nāśʾû* *nəhārôṯ* *YHWH* *nāśʾû* *nəhārôṯ* *qôlām* *yiśʾû* *nəhārôṯ* *dāḵyām*", "grammar": { "*nāśʾû*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd person plural - lifted up (repeated)", "*nəhārôṯ*": "noun, masculine plural - rivers/floods (repeated)", "*YHWH*": "noun, proper name, vocative", "*qôlām*": "noun, masculine singular construct + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their voice", "*yiśʾû*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person plural - will lift up", "*dāḵyām*": "noun, masculine singular construct + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their crashing/roaring" }, "variants": { "*nāśʾû*": "lifted up/raised/carried", "*nəhārôṯ*": "rivers/floods/streams", "*qôlām*": "their voice/their sound", "*dāḵyām*": "their roaring/their crashing/their pounding waves" } } 4 { "verseID": "Psalms.93.4", "source": "מִקֹּל֨וֹת ׀ מַ֤יִם רַבִּ֗ים אַדִּירִ֣ים מִשְׁבְּרֵי־יָ֑ם אַדִּ֖יר בַּמָּר֣וֹם יְהוָֽה׃", "text": "*miqqōlôṯ* *mayim* *rabbîm* *ʾaddîrîm* *mišbərê-yām* *ʾaddîr* *bammārôm* *YHWH*", "grammar": { "*miqqōlôṯ*": "preposition + noun, feminine plural construct - from/than the voices/sounds", "*mayim*": "noun, masculine plural - waters", "*rabbîm*": "adjective, masculine plural - many/great", "*ʾaddîrîm*": "adjective, masculine plural - mighty/majestic", "*mišbərê-yām*": "noun, masculine plural construct + noun - breakers of sea", "*ʾaddîr*": "adjective, masculine singular - mighty/majestic", "*bammārôm*": "preposition + definite article + noun, masculine singular - in the height/on high", "*YHWH*": "noun, proper name, subject" }, "variants": { "*miqqōlôṯ*": "than the sounds/than the voices/above the noises", "*rabbîm*": "many/great/numerous", "*ʾaddîrîm*": "mighty/majestic/powerful", "*mišbərê-yām*": "breakers of the sea/ocean waves/sea billows", "*ʾaddîr*": "mighty/majestic/powerful", "*bammārôm*": "in the height/on high/in the heavens" } }
• Isa 30:28 : 28 { "verseID": "Isaiah.30.28", "source": "וְרוּחוֹ כְּנַחַל שׁוֹטֵף עַד־צַוָּאר יֶחֱצֶה לַהֲנָפָה גוֹיִם בְּנָפַת שָׁוְא וְרֶסֶן מַתְעֶה עַל לְחָיֵי עַמִּים׃", "text": "And his *rûḥô* like a *naḥal* *šôṭēp* reaching to [the] *ṣawwāʾr* *yeḥĕṣeh*, to *lahănāpâ* *gôyim* with [the] sieve of *šāweʾ*, and a *resen* *matʿeh* on [the] jaws of [the] peoples.", "grammar": { "*rûḥô*": "feminine singular noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his breath/spirit", "*naḥal*": "masculine singular noun - stream/torrent", "*šôṭēp*": "qal participle masculine singular - overflowing/flooding", "*ṣawwāʾr*": "masculine singular noun - neck", "*yeḥĕṣeh*": "qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - it divides/cuts/reaches", "*lahănāpâ*": "hiphil infinitive construct - to sift/winnow", "*gôyim*": "masculine plural noun - nations", "*šāweʾ*": "masculine singular noun - emptiness/vanity/falsehood", "*resen*": "masculine singular noun - bridle/halter", "*matʿeh*": "hiphil participle masculine singular - causing to err/mislead" }, "variants": { "*rûḥô*": "his breath/spirit/wind", "*naḥal*": "stream/torrent/wadi", "*šôṭēp*": "overflowing/flooding/sweeping", "*ṣawwāʾr*": "neck/throat", "*yeḥĕṣeh*": "it divides/cuts/reaches/halves", "*lahănāpâ*": "to sift/winnow/separate", "*gôyim*": "nations/peoples/gentiles", "*šāweʾ*": "emptiness/vanity/falsehood/destruction", "*resen*": "bridle/halter/restraint", "*matʿeh*": "causing to err/mislead/go astray" } }
• Ezek 19:9 : 9 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.19.9", "source": "וַֽיִּתְּנֻ֤הוּ בַסּוּגַר֙ בַּֽחַחִ֔ים וַיְבִאֻ֖הוּ אֶל־מֶ֣לֶךְ בָּבֶ֑ל יְבִאֻ֙הוּ֙ בַּמְּצֹד֔וֹת לְמַ֗עַן לֹא־יִשָּׁמַ֥ע קוֹל֛וֹ ע֖וֹד אֶל־הָרֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃ פ", "text": "*wa-yittənuhû* *bassûḡar* *baḥaḥîm* *wa-yəḇiʾuhû* *ʾel*-*meleḵ* *bāḇel* *yəḇiʾuhû* *bamməṣōḏôṯ* *ləmaʿan* *lōʾ*-*yiššāmaʿ* *qôlô* *ʿôḏ* *ʾel*-*hārê* *yiśrāʾēl*", "grammar": { "*wa-*": "conjunction + consecutive - and", "*yittənuhû*": "3rd person masculine plural, imperfect, qal + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - they put him", "*bassûḡar*": "preposition + definite article + masculine singular noun - in the cage", "*baḥaḥîm*": "preposition + masculine plural noun - with hooks", "*wa-*": "conjunction + consecutive - and", "*yəḇiʾuhû*": "3rd person masculine plural, imperfect, hiphil + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - they brought him", "*ʾel*": "preposition - to", "*meleḵ*": "masculine singular construct noun - king of", "*bāḇel*": "proper noun - Babylon", "*yəḇiʾuhû*": "3rd person masculine plural, imperfect, hiphil + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - they brought him", "*bamməṣōḏôṯ*": "preposition + definite article + feminine plural noun - in strongholds", "*ləmaʿan*": "conjunction - so that", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*yiššāmaʿ*": "3rd person masculine singular, imperfect, niphal - would be heard", "*qôlô*": "masculine singular noun + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his voice", "*ʿôḏ*": "adverb - again/anymore", "*ʾel*": "preposition - upon", "*hārê*": "masculine plural construct noun - mountains of", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel" }, "variants": { "*sûḡar*": "cage/enclosure/prison", "*ḥaḥîm*": "hooks/nose-rings/chains", "*məṣōḏôṯ*": "strongholds/fortresses/nets", "*ləmaʿan*": "so that/in order that/for the purpose of", "*yiššāmaʿ*": "would be heard/would resound" } }
• Luke 6:11 : 11 { "verseID": "Luke.6.11", "source": "Αὐτοὶ δὲ ἐπλήσθησαν ἀνοίας· καὶ διελάλουν πρὸς ἀλλήλους τί ἂν ποιήσειαν τῷ Ἰησοῦ.", "text": "They *de* *eplēsthēsan* *anoias*; and *dielaloun* *pros* one-another what *an* *poiēseian* to-the *Iēsou*.", "grammar": { "*de*": "postpositive conjunction - and/but/now", "*eplēsthēsan*": "aorist, passive, indicative, 3rd person plural - were filled", "*anoias*": "genitive, feminine, singular - with madness/folly/rage", "*dielaloun*": "imperfect, active, indicative, 3rd person plural - were discussing/talking over", "*pros*": "preposition + accusative - to/with", "*an*": "particle indicating contingency", "*poiēseian*": "aorist, active, optative, 3rd person plural - they might do", "*Iēsou*": "dative, masculine, singular - to Jesus" }, "variants": { "*eplēsthēsan*": "were filled/were full of", "*anoias*": "madness/folly/rage/senselessness", "*dielaloun*": "were discussing/talking over/conversing", "*poiēseian*": "they might do/make/perform", "*Iēsou*": "Jesus" } }
• John 15:18 : 18 { "verseID": "John.15.18", "source": "Εἰ ὁ κόσμος ὑμᾶς μισεῖ, γινώσκετε ὅτι ἐμὲ πρῶτον ὑμῶν μεμίσηκεν.", "text": "*Ei ho kosmos humas misei*, *ginōskete hoti eme prōton humōn memisēken*.", "grammar": { "*Ei*": "conditional particle - if", "*ho kosmos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - the world", "*humas*": "accusative, plural, second person pronoun - you [plural]", "*misei*": "present indicative, active, third person singular - hates", "*ginōskete*": "present imperative, active, second person plural - know", "*hoti*": "conjunction - that", "*eme*": "accusative, singular, first person pronoun - me", "*prōton*": "adverb - first/before", "*humōn*": "genitive, plural, second person pronoun - you [plural]", "*memisēken*": "perfect indicative, active, third person singular - it has hated" }, "variants": { "*kosmos*": "world/universe/humankind/worldly system", "*misei*": "hates/detests/rejects", "*ginōskete*": "know/understand/recognize [as imperative or indicative]", "*prōton*": "first/before/earlier than", "*memisēken*": "has hated/has detested/has rejected" } }
• John 15:23-24 : 23 { "verseID": "John.15.23", "source": "Ὁ ἐμὲ μισῶν καὶ τὸν Πατέρα μου μισεῖ.", "text": "The *eme misōn* and the *Patera mou misei*.", "grammar": { "*eme*": "accusative, singular, first person pronoun - me", "*misōn*": "present participle, active, nominative, masculine, singular - hating", "*Patera*": "accusative, masculine, singular - Father", "*mou*": "genitive, singular, first person pronoun - my/of me", "*misei*": "present indicative, active, third person singular - hates" }, "variants": { "*misōn*": "hating/detesting/rejecting", "*misei*": "hates/detests/rejects" } } 24 { "verseID": "John.15.24", "source": "Εἰ τὰ ἔργα μὴ ἐποίησα ἐν αὐτοῖς ἃ οὐδεὶς ἄλλος πεποίηκεν, ἁμαρτίαν οὐκ εἴχον: νῦν δὲ καὶ ἑωράκασιν καὶ μεμισήκασιν καὶ ἐμὲ καὶ τὸν Πατέρα μου.", "text": "*Ei ta erga mē epoiēsa en autois ha oudeis allos pepoiēken*, *hamartian ouk eichon*: *nun de kai heōrakasin kai memisēkasin kai eme kai ton Patera mou*.", "grammar": { "*Ei*": "conditional particle - if", "*ta erga*": "accusative, neuter, plural - the works", "*mē*": "negative particle - not", "*epoiēsa*": "aorist indicative, active, first person singular - I had done", "*en autois*": "preposition + dative - among them", "*ha*": "relative pronoun, accusative, neuter, plural - which", "*oudeis allos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - no one else", "*pepoiēken*": "perfect indicative, active, third person singular - has done", "*hamartian*": "accusative, feminine, singular - sin", "*ouk eichon*": "negative + imperfect indicative, active, third person plural - they would not have had", "*nun*": "adverb - now", "*de*": "conjunction - but", "*kai... kai*": "coordinating conjunctions - both... and", "*heōrakasin*": "perfect indicative, active, third person plural - they have seen", "*memisēkasin*": "perfect indicative, active, third person plural - they have hated", "*eme*": "accusative, singular, first person pronoun - me", "*Patera*": "accusative, masculine, singular - Father", "*mou*": "genitive, singular, first person pronoun - my/of me" }, "variants": { "*erga*": "works/deeds/acts", "*epoiēsa*": "had done/had performed/had accomplished", "*pepoiēken*": "has done/has performed/has accomplished", "*eichon*": "would have had/would have possessed", "*heōrakasin*": "have seen/have observed/have witnessed", "*memisēkasin*": "have hated/have detested/have rejected" } }
• Acts 7:51 : 51 { "verseID": "Acts.7.51", "source": "¶Σκληροτράχηλοι καὶ ἀπερίτμητοι τῇ καρδίᾳ καὶ τοῖς ὠσίν, ὑμεῖς ἀεὶ τῷ Πνεύματι τῷ Ἁγίῳ ἀντιπίπτετε: ὡς οἱ πατέρες ὑμῶν, καὶ ὑμεῖς.", "text": "*Sklērotrachēloi* and *aperitmētoi* in-the *kardia* and in-the *ōsin*, you *aei* to-the *Pneumati* to-the *Hagiō* *antipiptete*: as the *pateres* of-you, also you.", "grammar": { "*Sklērotrachēloi*": "vocative, masculine, plural - stiff-necked ones", "*aperitmētoi*": "vocative, masculine, plural - uncircumcised", "*kardia*": "dative, feminine, singular - heart", "*ōsin*": "dative, neuter, plural - ears", "*aei*": "adverb - always/continually", "*Pneumati*": "dative, neuter, singular - Spirit", "*Hagiō*": "dative, neuter, singular - Holy", "*antipiptete*": "present active indicative, 2nd plural - resist/oppose", "*pateres*": "nominative, masculine, plural - fathers/ancestors" }, "variants": { "*Sklērotrachēloi*": "stiff-necked/stubborn/obstinate", "*aperitmētoi*": "uncircumcised/unclean/unreceptive", "*kardia*": "heart/mind/inner self", "*aei*": "always/continually/perpetually", "*Pneumati*": "Spirit/breath/wind", "*antipiptete*": "resist/oppose/fight against" } }
• 2 Kgs 19:36-37 : 36 { "verseID": "2 Kings.19.36", "source": "וַיִּסַּ֣ע וַיֵּ֔לֶךְ וַיָּ֖שָׁב סַנְחֵרִ֣יב מֶֽלֶךְ־אַשּׁ֑וּר וַיֵּ֖שֶׁב בְּנִֽינְוֵֽה׃", "text": "*wa-yissaʿ* *wa-yēlek̲* *wa-yāšāḇ* *sanḥērîḇ* *melek̲*-*ʾaššûr*, *wa-yēšeḇ* in-*nînəwēh*.", "grammar": { "*wa-yissaʿ*": "conjunction + verb, qal imperfect consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular - and he broke camp/journeyed", "*wa-yēlek̲*": "conjunction + verb, qal imperfect consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular - and he went", "*wa-yāšāḇ*": "conjunction + verb, qal imperfect consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular - and he returned", "*sanḥērîḇ*": "proper noun - Sennacherib", "*melek̲*": "noun, masculine singular construct - king of", "*ʾaššûr*": "proper noun - Assyria", "*wa-yēšeḇ*": "conjunction + verb, qal imperfect consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular - and he dwelt", "*bə-nînəwēh*": "preposition + proper noun - in Nineveh" }, "variants": { "*wa-yissaʿ*": "journeyed/set out/departed", "*wa-yēšeḇ*": "dwelt/resided/stayed" } } 37 { "verseID": "2 Kings.19.37", "source": "וַיְהִי֩ ה֨וּא מִֽשְׁתַּחֲוֶ֜ה בֵּ֣ית ׀ נִסְרֹ֣ךְ אֱלֹהָ֗יו וְֽאַדְרַמֶּ֨לֶךְ וְשַׂרְאֶ֤צֶר בָּנָיו֙ הִכֻּ֣הוּ בַחֶ֔רֶב וְהֵ֥מָּה נִמְלְט֖וּ אֶ֣רֶץ אֲרָרָ֑ט וַיִּמְלֹ֛ךְ אֵֽסַר־חַדֹּ֥ן בְּנ֖וֹ תַּחְתָּֽיו׃", "text": "*wa-yəhî* he *mištaḥăweh* *bêt* *nisrōk̲* *ʾĕlōhāyw*, and *ʾaḏrammelek̲* and *śarʾeṣer* *bānāyw* *hikkuhû* with-the-*ḥereḇ*, and they *nimləṭû* *ʾereṣ* *ʾărārāṭ*. *wa-yimlōk̲* *ʾēsar-ḥaddōn* *bənô* *taḥtāyw*.", "grammar": { "*wa-yəhî*": "conjunction + verb, qal imperfect consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular - and it happened", "*hûʾ*": "independent personal pronoun, 3rd person masculine singular - he", "*mištaḥăweh*": "verb, hishtaphel participle, masculine singular - worshiping", "*bêt*": "noun, masculine singular construct - house of", "*nisrōk̲*": "proper noun - Nisroch", "*ʾĕlōhāyw*": "noun, masculine plural + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his god", "*wə-ʾaḏrammelek̲*": "conjunction + proper noun - and Adrammelech", "*wə-śarʾeṣer*": "conjunction + proper noun - and Sharezer", "*bānāyw*": "noun, masculine plural + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his sons", "*hikkuhû*": "verb, hiphil perfect, 3rd person plural + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - they struck him", "*ba-ḥereḇ*": "preposition + definite article + noun, feminine singular - with the sword", "*wə-hēmmāh*": "conjunction + independent personal pronoun, 3rd person masculine plural - and they", "*nimləṭû*": "verb, niphal perfect, 3rd person plural - they escaped", "*ʾereṣ*": "noun, feminine singular construct - land of", "*ʾărārāṭ*": "proper noun - Ararat", "*wa-yimlōk̲*": "conjunction + verb, qal imperfect consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular - and he became king", "*ʾēsar-ḥaddōn*": "proper noun - Esarhaddon", "*bənô*": "noun, masculine singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his son", "*taḥtāyw*": "preposition + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - in his place" }, "variants": { "*mištaḥăweh*": "worshiping/bowing down/prostrating", "*bêt*": "house/temple/dwelling", "*ḥereḇ*": "sword/knife/weapon", "*nimləṭû*": "escaped/fled/got away", "*ʾereṣ*": "land/territory/country" } }