2 Kings 3:7

biblecontext

{ "verseID": "2Kings.3.7", "source": "וַיֵּ֡לֶךְ וַיִּשְׁלַח֩ אֶל־יְהוֹשָׁפָ֨ט מֶֽלֶךְ־יְהוּדָ֜ה לֵאמֹ֗ר מֶ֤לֶךְ מוֹאָב֙ פָּשַׁ֣ע בִּ֔י הֲתֵלֵ֥ךְ אִתִּ֛י אֶל־מוֹאָ֖ב לַמִּלְחָמָ֑ה וַיֹּ֣אמֶר אֶעֱלֶ֔ה כָּמ֧וֹנִי כָמ֛וֹךָ כְּעַמִּ֥י כְעַמֶּ֖ךָ כְּסוּסַ֥י כְּסוּסֶֽיךָ׃", "text": "*wa-yēlek wa-yišlaḥ* to-*Yĕhôšāpāṭ* king-of-*Yĕhûdāh* *lēʾmōr*, king-of-*Môʾāb* *pāšaʿ* against-me; *hă-tēlēk* with-me to-*Môʾāb* for-*milḥāmāh*? *wa-yōʾmer*, *ʾeʿĕleh*, as-I as-you, as-my-people as-your-people, as-my-horses as-your-horses.", "grammar": { "*wa-yēlek*": "conjunction + qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he went", "*wa-yišlaḥ*": "conjunction + qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he sent", "*Yĕhôšāpāṭ*": "proper name - Jehoshaphat", "*Yĕhûdāh*": "proper name - Judah", "*lēʾmōr*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct - saying", "*Môʾāb*": "proper name - Moab", "*pāšaʿ*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he has rebelled", "*hă-tēlēk*": "interrogative particle + qal imperfect, 2nd masculine singular - will you go?", "*milḥāmāh*": "feminine singular noun - battle/war", "*wa-yōʾmer*": "conjunction + qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he said", "*ʾeʿĕleh*": "qal imperfect, 1st common singular - I will go up" }, "variants": { "*pāšaʿ*": "rebelled/revolted", "*hă-tēlēk*": "will you go/come", "*milḥāmāh*": "battle/war/fighting", "*ʾeʿĕleh*": "I will go up/ascend/join you" } }

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

וַיֵּ֡לֶךְ וַיִּשְׁלַח֩ אֶל־יְהוֹשָׁפָ֨ט מֶֽלֶךְ־יְהוּדָ֜ה לֵאמֹ֗ר מֶ֤לֶךְ מוֹאָב֙ פָּשַׁ֣ע בִּ֔י הֲתֵלֵ֥ךְ אִתִּ֛י אֶל־מוֹאָ֖ב לַמִּלְחָמָ֑ה וַיֹּ֣אמֶר אֶעֱלֶ֔ה כָּמ֧וֹנִי כָמ֛וֹךָ כְּעַמִּ֥י כְעַמֶּ֖ךָ כְּסוּסַ֥י כְּסוּסֶֽיךָ׃

Transliteration

wa-yēlek wa-yišlaḥ to-Yĕhôšāpāṭ king-of-Yĕhûdāh lēʾmōr, king-of-Môʾāb pāšaʿ against-me; hă-tēlēk with-me to-Môʾāb for-milḥāmāh? wa-yōʾmer, ʾeʿĕleh, as-I as-you, as-my-people as-your-people, as-my-horses as-your-horses.

Grammar Details

• *wa-yēlek*: conjunction + qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he went
• *wa-yišlaḥ*: conjunction + qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he sent
• *Yĕhôšāpāṭ*: proper name - Jehoshaphat
• *Yĕhûdāh*: proper name - Judah
• *lēʾmōr*: preposition + qal infinitive construct - saying
• *Môʾāb*: proper name - Moab
• *pāšaʿ*: qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he has rebelled
• *hă-tēlēk*: interrogative particle + qal imperfect, 2nd masculine singular - will you go?
• *milḥāmāh*: feminine singular noun - battle/war
• *wa-yōʾmer*: conjunction + qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he said
• *ʾeʿĕleh*: qal imperfect, 1st common singular - I will go up

Word Meanings

• *pāšaʿ*: rebelled/revolted
• *hă-tēlēk*: will you go/come
• *milḥāmāh*: battle/war/fighting
• *ʾeʿĕleh*: I will go up/ascend/join you

Other Translations

• Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts

  Then he sent a message to Jehoshaphat, king of Judah, saying, "The king of Moab has rebelled against me. Will you go with me to fight against Moab?" And he replied, "I will go; I am as you are, my people as your people, my horses as your horses."

• King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)

  And he went and sent to Jehoshaphat the king of Judah, saying, The king of Moab hath rebelled against me: wilt thou go with me against Moab to battle? And he said, I will go up: I am as thou art, my people as thy people, and my horses as thy horses.

• KJV1611 – Modern English

  And he went and sent to Jehoshaphat the king of Judah, saying, "The king of Moab has rebelled against me. Will you go with me against Moab to battle?" And he said, "I will go up; I am as you are, my people as your people, my horses as your horses."

• King James Version 1611 (Original)

  And he went and sent to Jehoshaphat the king of Judah, saying, The king of Moab hath rebelled against me: wilt thou go with me against Moab to battle? And he said, I will go up: I am as thou art, my people as thy people, and my horses as thy horses.

• American Standard Version with Strong's Numbers

  And he went{H3212} and sent{H7971} to Jehoshaphat{H3092} the king{H4428} of Judah,{H3063} saying,{H559} The king{H4428} of Moab{H4124} hath rebelled{H6586} against me: wilt thou go{H3212} with me against Moab{H4124} to battle?{H4421} And he said,{H559} I will go up:{H5927} I am as thou art, my people{H5971} as thy people,{H5971} my horses{H5483} as thy horses.{H5483}

• King James Version with Strong's Numbers

  And he went{H3212}{(H8799)} and sent{H7971}{(H8799)} to Jehoshaphat{H3092} the king{H4428} of Judah{H3063}, saying{H559}{(H8800)}, The king{H4428} of Moab{H4124} hath rebelled{H6586}{(H8804)} against me: wilt thou go{H3212}{(H8799)} with me against Moab{H4124} to battle{H4421}? And he said{H559}{(H8799)}, I will go up{H5927}{(H8799)}: I am as thou art, my people{H5971} as thy people{H5971}, and my horses{H5483} as thy horses{H5483}.

• Coverdale Bible (1535)

  & sent vnto Iosaphat kynge of Iuda, sayenge: The kynge of the Moabites is fallen awaye fro me, come thou wt me to fighte agaynst ye Moabites. He sayde: I wil come vp, I am euen as thou, and my people as yi people, and my horses as thy horses.

• Geneva Bible (1560)

  And went, and sent to Iehoshaphat King of Iudah, saying, The King of Moab hath rebelled against me: wilt thou goe with me to battell against Moab? And he answered, I will goe vp: for I am, as thou art, my people, as thy people, and mine horses as thine horses.

• Bishops' Bible (1568)

  And went, & sent to Iehosaphat the king of Iuda, saying: The king of Moab hath rebelled against me, wilt thou come with me against Moab in battell? He aunswered, I will come vp: for as I am, so art thou: and as my people be, so are thy people: & thy horses, as myne.

• Authorized King James Version (1611)

  And he went and sent to Jehoshaphat the king of Judah, saying, The king of Moab hath rebelled against me: wilt thou go with me against Moab to battle? And he said, I will go up: I [am] as thou [art], my people as thy people, [and] my horses as thy horses.

• Webster's Bible (1833)

  He went and sent to Jehoshaphat the king of Judah, saying, The king of Moab has rebelled against me: will you go with me against Moab to battle? He said, I will go up: I am as you are, my people as your people, my horses as your horses.

• Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

  and goeth and sendeth unto Jehoshaphat king of Judah, saying, `The king of Moab hath transgressed against me; dost thou go with me unto Moab for battle?' and he saith, `I go up, as I, so thou; as my people, so thy people; as my horses, so thy horses.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  And he went and sent to Jehoshaphat the king of Judah, saying, The king of Moab hath rebelled against me: wilt thou go with me against Moab to battle? And he said, I will go up: I am as thou art, my people as thy people, my horses as thy horses.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  And he went and sent to Jehoshaphat the king of Judah, saying, The king of Moab hath rebelled against me: wilt thou go with me against Moab to battle? And he said, I will go up: I am as thou art, my people as thy people, my horses as thy horses.

• Bible in Basic English (1941)

  And he sent to Jehoshaphat, king of Judah, saying, The king of Moab has got free from my authority: will you go with me to make war on Moab? And he said, I will go with you: I am as you are, my people as your people, and my horses as your horses.

• World English Bible (2000)

  He went and sent to Jehoshaphat the king of Judah, saying, "The king of Moab has rebelled against me. Will you go with me against Moab to battle?" He said, "I will go up. I am as you are, my people as your people, my horses as your horses."

• NET Bible® (New English Translation)

  He sent this message to King Jehoshaphat of Judah:“The king of Moab has rebelled against me. Will you fight with me against Moab?” Jehoshaphat replied,“I will join you in the campaign; my army and horses are at your disposal.”

Referenced Verses

• 1 Kgs 22:4 : 4 { "verseID": "1 Kings.22.4", "source": "וַיֹּ֙אמֶר֙ אֶל־יְה֣וֹשָׁפָ֔ט הֲתֵלֵ֥ךְ אִתִּ֛י לַמִּלְחָמָ֖ה רָמֹ֣ת גִּלְעָ֑ד וַיֹּ֤אמֶר יְהֽוֹשָׁפָט֙ אֶל־מֶ֣לֶךְ יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל כָּמ֧וֹנִי כָמ֛וֹךָ כְּעַמִּ֥י כְעַמֶּ֖ךָ כְּסוּסַ֥י כְּסוּסֶֽיךָ׃", "text": "*wa-yōʾmer* *ʾel*-*yəhôšāp̄āṭ* *hă-tēlēḵ* *ʾittî* *la-milḥāmâ* *rāmōṯ* *gilʿāḏ* *wa-yōʾmer* *yəhôšāp̄āṭ* *ʾel*-*meleḵ* *yiśrāʾēl* *kāmônî* *ḵāmôḵā* *kə-ʿammî* *ḵə-ʿammeḵā* *kə-sûsay* *kə-sûseḵā*", "grammar": { "*wa-yōʾmer*": "conjunction + qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - and he said", "*ʾel*": "preposition - to/unto", "*yəhôšāp̄āṭ*": "proper noun - Jehoshaphat", "*hă-tēlēḵ*": "interrogative particle + qal imperfect 2nd person masculine singular - will you go", "*ʾittî*": "preposition + 1st person singular suffix - with me", "*la-milḥāmâ*": "preposition + definite article + feminine singular noun - to the battle", "*rāmōṯ*": "proper noun - Ramoth", "*gilʿāḏ*": "proper noun - Gilead", "*wa-yōʾmer*": "conjunction + qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - and he said", "*yəhôšāp̄āṭ*": "proper noun - Jehoshaphat", "*ʾel*": "preposition - to/unto", "*meleḵ*": "masculine singular construct noun - king of", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*kāmônî*": "preposition + 1st person singular suffix - as I am", "*ḵāmôḵā*": "preposition + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - as you are", "*kə-ʿammî*": "preposition + masculine singular noun + 1st person singular suffix - as my people", "*ḵə-ʿammeḵā*": "preposition + masculine singular noun + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - as your people", "*kə-sûsay*": "preposition + masculine plural noun + 1st person singular suffix - as my horses", "*kə-sûseḵā*": "preposition + masculine plural noun + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - as your horses" }, "variants": {} }
• 1 Kgs 22:32-33 : 32 { "verseID": "1 Kings.22.32", "source": "וַיְהִ֡י כִּרְאוֹת֩ שָׂרֵ֨י הָרֶ֜כֶב אֶת־יְהוֹשָׁפָ֗ט וְהֵ֤מָּה אָֽמְרוּ֙ אַ֣ךְ מֶֽלֶךְ־יִשְׂרָאֵ֣ל ה֔וּא וַיָּסֻ֥רוּ עָלָ֖יו לְהִלָּחֵ֑ם וַיִּזְעַ֖ק יְהוֹשָׁפָֽט׃", "text": "And-*wayəhî* when-*kirəʾôt* *śārê* *hārekeb* *ʾet*-*yəhôšāp̄āṭ* and-they *ʾāmərû* surely *melek*-*yiśrāʾēl* he, and-*wayyāsurû* against-him *ləhillāḥēm*; and-*wayyizəʿaq* *yəhôšāp̄āṭ*.", "grammar": { "*wayəhî*": "Qal imperfect consecutive, 3rd masculine singular - and it happened/came to pass", "*kirəʾôt*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct - when seeing", "*śārê*": "construct state, masculine plural - commanders/captains of", "*hārekeb*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the chariot/chariotry", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*yəhôšāp̄āṭ*": "proper noun - Jehoshaphat", "*ʾāmərû*": "Qal perfect, 3rd common plural - they said", "*melek*": "construct state, masculine singular - king of", "*wayyāsurû*": "Qal imperfect consecutive, 3rd common plural - and they turned aside/turned toward", "*ləhillāḥēm*": "preposition + Niphal infinitive construct - to fight", "*wayyizəʿaq*": "Qal imperfect consecutive, 3rd masculine singular - and he cried out" }, "variants": { "*kirəʾôt*": "when seeing/as soon as they saw", "*wayyāsurû*": "turned aside/turned toward/surrounded", "*ləhillāḥēm*": "to fight/to engage in battle", "*wayyizəʿaq*": "cried out/called for help/shouted" } } 33 { "verseID": "1 Kings.22.33", "source": "וַיְהִ֗י כִּרְאוֹת֙ שָׂרֵ֣י הָרֶ֔כֶב כִּֽי־לֹא־מֶ֥לֶךְ יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל ה֑וּא וַיָּשׁ֖וּבוּ מֵאַחֲרָֽיו׃", "text": "And-*wayəhî* when-*kirəʾôt* *śārê* *hārekeb* that-not-*melek* *yiśrāʾēl* he, and-*wayyāšûbû* from-after-him.", "grammar": { "*wayəhî*": "Qal imperfect consecutive, 3rd masculine singular - and it happened/came to pass", "*kirəʾôt*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct - when seeing", "*śārê*": "construct state, masculine plural - commanders/captains of", "*hārekeb*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the chariot/chariotry", "*melek*": "construct state, masculine singular - king of", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*wayyāšûbû*": "Qal imperfect consecutive, 3rd common plural - and they returned/turned back" }, "variants": { "*kirəʾôt*": "when seeing/when they realized", "*wayyāšûbû*": "returned/turned back/withdrew" } }
• 2 Chr 18:3 : 3 { "verseID": "2 Chronicles.18.3", "source": "וַיֹּ֜אמֶר אַחְאָ֣ב מֶֽלֶךְ־יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל אֶל־יְהֽוֹשָׁפָט֙ מֶ֣לֶךְ יְהוּדָ֔ה הֲתֵלֵ֥ךְ עִמִּ֖י רָמֹ֣ת גִּלְעָ֑ד וַיֹּ֣אמֶר ל֗וֹ כָּמ֤וֹנִי כָמ֙וֹךָ֙ וּכְעַמְּךָ֣ עַמִּ֔י וְעִמְּךָ֖ בַּמִּלְחָמָֽה", "text": "*wə-yōʾmer* *ʾAḥʾāb* *meleḵ*-*Yiśrāʾēl* to-*Yəhôšāpāṭ* *meleḵ* *Yəhûḏāh* *hă-ṯēlēḵ* with-me *Rāmōṯ* *Gilʿāḏ* *wə-yōʾmer* to-him like-me like-you and-like-your-people my-people and-with-you in-the-*milḥāmāh*", "grammar": { "*wə-yōʾmer*": "conjunction + qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he said", "*ʾAḥʾāb*": "proper noun, masculine - Ahab", "*meleḵ*": "masculine singular noun in construct - king of", "*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*Yəhôšāpāṭ*": "proper noun, masculine - Jehoshaphat", "*Yəhûḏāh*": "proper noun - Judah", "*hă-ṯēlēḵ*": "interrogative particle + qal imperfect 2nd masculine singular - will you go?", "*Rāmōṯ*": "proper noun - Ramoth", "*Gilʿāḏ*": "proper noun - Gilead", "*milḥāmāh*": "feminine singular noun with definite article - the battle/war" }, "variants": { "*hă-ṯēlēḵ*": "will you go?/would you go?", "*milḥāmāh*": "battle/war/fighting" } }
• 2 Chr 18:29-32 : 29 { "verseID": "2 Chronicles.18.29", "source": "וַיֹּאמֶר֩ מֶ֨לֶךְ יִשְׂרָאֵ֜ל אֶל־יְהוֹשָׁפָ֗ט הִתְחַפֵּשׂ֙ וָב֣וֹא בַמִּלְחָמָ֔ה וְאַתָּ֖ה לְבַ֣שׁ בְּגָדֶ֑יךָ וַיִּתְחַפֵּשׂ֙ מֶ֣לֶךְ יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל וַיָּבֹ֖אוּ בַּמִּלְחָמָֽה", "text": "*wə-yōʾmer melek Yiśrāʾēl* unto-*Yəhôšāpāṭ hitḥappēś wā-bôʾ ba-milḥāmāh wə-ʾattāh ləbaš bəgādeykā wə-yitḥappēś melek Yiśrāʾēl wə-yābōʾû ba-milḥāmāh*", "grammar": { "*wə-yōʾmer*": "conjunction + qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he said", "*melek Yiśrāʾēl*": "masculine singular noun construct + proper noun - king of Israel", "*Yəhôšāpāṭ*": "proper noun - Jehoshaphat", "*hitḥappēś*": "hithpael infinitive absolute - disguise yourself", "*wā-bôʾ*": "conjunction + qal imperative masculine singular - and enter", "*ba-milḥāmāh*": "preposition + definite article + feminine singular noun - in the battle", "*wə-ʾattāh*": "conjunction + 2nd person masculine singular independent pronoun - and you", "*ləbaš*": "qal imperative masculine singular - wear", "*bəgādeykā*": "masculine plural noun with 2nd masculine singular suffix - your garments", "*wə-yitḥappēś*": "conjunction + hithpael imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he disguised himself", "*wə-yābōʾû*": "conjunction + qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural - and they entered" }, "variants": { "*hitḥappēś*": "disguise yourself/change your appearance", "*milḥāmāh*": "battle/war/fighting", "*ləbaš*": "wear/put on/clothe yourself", "*bəgādeykā*": "your garments/your clothes/your robes" } } 30 { "verseID": "2 Chronicles.18.30", "source": "וּמֶ֣לֶךְ אֲרָ֡ם צִוָּה֩ אֶת־שָׂרֵ֨י הָרֶ֤כֶב אֲשֶׁר־לוֹ֙ לֵאמֹ֔ר לֹ֚א תִּלָּ֣חֲמ֔וּ אֶת־הַקָּטֹ֖ן אֶת־הַגָּד֑וֹל כִּ֛י אִֽם־אֶת־מֶ֥לֶךְ יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל לְבַדּֽוֹ", "text": "*û-melek ʾĂrām ṣiwwāh ʾet-śārê hā-rekeb ʾăšer-lô lēʾmōr lōʾ tillāḥămû ʾet-ha-qāṭōn ʾet-ha-gādôl kî ʾim-ʾet-melek Yiśrāʾēl ləbaddô*", "grammar": { "*û-melek*": "conjunction + masculine singular noun construct - and king of", "*ʾĂrām*": "proper noun - Aram/Syria", "*ṣiwwāh*": "piel perfect 3rd masculine singular - he commanded", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*śārê*": "masculine plural noun construct - commanders of", "*hā-rekeb*": "definite article + masculine singular collective noun - the chariots", "*ʾăšer-lô*": "relative particle + preposition with 3rd masculine singular suffix - which to him", "*lēʾmōr*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct - saying", "*lōʾ tillāḥămû*": "negative particle + niphal imperfect 2nd masculine plural - you shall not fight", "*ʾet-ha-qāṭōn*": "direct object marker + definite article + adjective masculine singular - with the small", "*ʾet-ha-gādôl*": "direct object marker + definite article + adjective masculine singular - with the great", "*kî ʾim*": "conjunction + conjunction - but rather", "*ʾet-melek Yiśrāʾēl*": "direct object marker + masculine singular noun construct + proper noun - with the king of Israel", "*ləbaddô*": "preposition + masculine singular noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - by himself" }, "variants": { "*ṣiwwāh*": "commanded/ordered/instructed", "*śārê*": "commanders/captains/chiefs/officials", "*rekeb*": "chariots/chariot force/chariotry", "*tillāḥămû*": "you shall fight/do battle/wage war", "*qāṭōn*": "small/insignificant/young", "*gādôl*": "great/important/elder" } } 31 { "verseID": "2 Chronicles.18.31", "source": "וַיְהִ֡י כִּרְאוֹת֩ שָׂרֵ֨י הָרֶ֜כֶב אֶת־יְהוֹשָׁפָ֗ט וְהֵ֤מָּה אָֽמְרוּ֙ מֶ֣לֶךְ יִשְׂרָאֵ֣ל ה֔וּא וַיָּסֹ֥בּוּ עָלָ֖יו לְהִלָּחֵ֑ם וַיִּזְעַ֤ק יְהֽוֹשָׁפָט֙ וַֽיהוָ֣ה עֲזָר֔וֹ וַיְסִיתֵ֥ם אֱלֹהִ֖ים מִמֶּֽנּוּ׃", "text": "*wə-yəhî* *ki-rəʾôt* *śārê* *hā-rekeb* *ʾet*-*yəhôšāpāṭ* *wə-hēmmâ* *ʾāmərû* *melek* *yiśrāʾēl* *hûʾ* *wa-yāsōbbû* *ʿālāyw* *lə-hillāḥēm* *wa-yizʿaq* *yəhôšāpāṭ* *wa-yhwh* *ʿăzārô* *wa-yəsîtēm* *ʾĕlōhîm* *mimmennû*", "grammar": { "*wə-yəhî*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd singular, masculine - and it came to pass", "*ki-rəʾôt*": "infinitive construct with preposition - when seeing", "*śārê*": "construct plural of *śar* - commanders/captains of", "*hā-rekeb*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the chariot/chariotry", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*yəhôšāpāṭ*": "proper noun - Jehoshaphat", "*wə-hēmmâ*": "conjunction + 3rd plural pronoun - and they", "*ʾāmərû*": "perfect, 3rd plural - they said", "*melek*": "noun, masculine singular construct - king of", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*hûʾ*": "3rd singular pronoun - he", "*wa-yāsōbbû*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd plural - and they surrounded", "*ʿālāyw*": "preposition + 3rd singular suffix - against him", "*lə-hillāḥēm*": "preposition + niphal infinitive construct - to fight", "*wa-yizʿaq*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd singular - and he cried out", "*yəhôšāpāṭ*": "proper noun - Jehoshaphat", "*wa-yhwh*": "conjunction + divine name - and YHWH", "*ʿăzārô*": "perfect, 3rd singular + 3rd singular suffix - helped him", "*wa-yəsîtēm*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd singular + 3rd plural suffix - and he diverted/moved them", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "noun, masculine plural (divine title) - God", "*mimmennû*": "preposition + 3rd singular suffix - from him" }, "variants": { "*wə-yəhî*": "and it happened/and it came to pass", "*śārê*": "captains/commanders/chiefs", "*hā-rekeb*": "the chariot(s)/chariotry", "*wa-yāsōbbû*": "and they surrounded/encircled/turned", "*wa-yizʿaq*": "and he cried out/called/shouted", "*ʿăzārô*": "helped him/aided him/assisted him", "*wa-yəsîtēm*": "and he diverted them/turned them away/moved them", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "God/gods (plural form used as singular divine title)" } } 32 { "verseID": "2 Chronicles.18.32", "source": "וַיְהִ֗י כִּרְאוֹת֙ שָׂרֵ֣י הָרֶ֔כֶב כִּ֥י לֹא־הָיָ֖ה מֶ֣לֶךְ יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל וַיָּשֻׁ֖בוּ מֵאַחֲרָֽיו׃", "text": "*wə-yəhî* *ki-rəʾôt* *śārê* *hā-rekeb* *kî* *lōʾ*-*hāyâ* *melek* *yiśrāʾēl* *wa-yāšubû* *mē-ʾaḥărāyw*", "grammar": { "*wə-yəhî*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd singular, masculine - and it came to pass", "*ki-rəʾôt*": "infinitive construct with preposition - when seeing", "*śārê*": "construct plural of *śar* - commanders/captains of", "*hā-rekeb*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the chariot/chariotry", "*kî*": "conjunction - that", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*hāyâ*": "perfect, 3rd singular masculine - he was", "*melek*": "noun, masculine singular construct - king of", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*wa-yāšubû*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd plural - and they turned back/returned", "*mē-ʾaḥărāyw*": "preposition + noun + 3rd singular suffix - from after him" }, "variants": { "*wə-yəhî*": "and it happened/and it came to pass", "*śārê*": "captains/commanders/chiefs", "*hā-rekeb*": "the chariot(s)/chariotry", "*kî*": "that/because/when", "*wa-yāšubû*": "and they turned back/returned/withdrew", "*mē-ʾaḥărāyw*": "from pursuing him/from following him/from after him" } }
• 2 Chr 19:2 : 2 { "verseID": "2 Chronicles.19.2", "source": "וַיֵּצֵ֣א אֶל־פָּנָ֗יו יֵה֣וּא בֶן־חֲנָ֘נִי֮ הַחֹזֶה֒ וַיֹּ֙אמֶר֙ אֶל־הַמֶּ֣לֶךְ יְהוֹשָׁפָ֔ט הֲלָרָשָׁ֣ע לַעְזֹ֔ר וּלְשֹׂנְאֵ֥י יְהוָ֖ה תֶּאֱהָ֑ב וּבָזֹאת֙ עָלֶ֣יךָ קֶּ֔צֶף מִלִּפְנֵ֖י יְהוָֽה׃", "text": "And *wayyēṣēʾ* to-*pānāyw* *yēhûʾ* son-of-*ḥănānî* *haḥōzeh* and *wayyōʾmer* to-the-*meleḵ* *yəhôšāp̄āṭ* *hălārāšāʿ* to-*laʿzōr* and-to-*śōnʾê* *YHWH* *teʾĕhāḇ* and-in-*zōʾṯ* upon-you *qeṣep̄* from-before *YHWH*", "grammar": { "*wayyēṣēʾ*": "waw-consecutive + qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he went out", "*pānāyw*": "noun + 3rd masculine singular possessive suffix - his face", "*yēhûʾ*": "proper noun, masculine - Jehu", "*ḥănānî*": "proper noun, masculine - Hanani", "*haḥōzeh*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the seer", "*wayyōʾmer*": "waw-consecutive + qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he said", "*meleḵ*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the king", "*yəhôšāp̄āṭ*": "proper noun, masculine - Jehoshaphat", "*hălārāšāʿ*": "interrogative particle + preposition + noun - to the wicked?", "*laʿzōr*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct - to help", "*śōnʾê*": "qal participle plural construct - haters of", "*teʾĕhāḇ*": "qal imperfect, 2nd masculine singular - you love", "*zōʾṯ*": "demonstrative pronoun, feminine singular - this", "*qeṣep̄*": "noun, masculine singular - wrath", "אֶל־": "preposition - to", "וּ־": "conjunction - and", "בְּ־": "preposition - in", "מִן־": "preposition - from" }, "variants": { "*haḥōzeh*": "seer/prophet/visionary", "*qeṣep̄*": "wrath/anger/indignation", "*ḥănānî*": "Hanani (proper noun)", "*hălārāšāʿ*": "to the wicked one/to wickedness" } }
• 2 Chr 21:4-7 : 4 { "verseID": "2 Chronicles.21.4", "source": "וַיָּ֨קָם יְהוֹרָ֜ם עַל־מַמְלֶ֤כַת אָבִיו֙ וַיִּתְחַזַּ֔ק וַיַּהֲרֹ֥ג אֶת־כָּל־אֶחָ֖יו בֶּחָ֑רֶב וְגַ֖ם מִשָּׂרֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃", "text": "And-*wayyāqām* *Yĕhôrām* upon-*mamleḵeṯ* *ʾāḇîw* and-*wayyiṯḥazzēq* and-*wayyaharōḡ* *ʾeṯ*-all-*ʾeḥāyw* with-the-*ḥāreḇ* and-also from-*śārê* *Yiśrāʾēl*.", "grammar": { "*wayyāqām*": "waw-consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - he arose/established himself", "*Yĕhôrām*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Jehoram", "*mamleḵeṯ*": "noun, feminine singular construct - kingdom of", "*ʾāḇîw*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his father", "*wayyiṯḥazzēq*": "waw-consecutive hitpael imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - he strengthened himself", "*wayyaharōḡ*": "waw-consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - he killed", "*ʾeṯ*": "direct object marker", "*ʾeḥāyw*": "noun, masculine plural with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his brothers", "*ḥāreḇ*": "noun, feminine singular - sword", "*śārê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - princes/officials of", "*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel" }, "variants": { "*wayyāqām*": "arose/established himself/took power", "*mamleḵeṯ*": "kingdom/royal power", "*wayyiṯḥazzēq*": "strengthened himself/established his power/fortified his position", "*wayyaharōḡ*": "killed/slew/murdered", "*ḥāreḇ*": "sword/weapon", "*śārê*": "princes/officials/leaders" } } 5 { "verseID": "2 Chronicles.21.5", "source": "בֶּן־שְׁלֹשִׁ֥ים וּשְׁתַּ֛יִם שָׁנָ֖ה יְהוֹרָ֣ם בְּמָלְכ֑וֹ וּשְׁמוֹנֶ֣ה שָׁנִ֔ים מָלַ֖ךְ בִּירוּשָׁלָֽ͏ִם׃", "text": "*Ben*-*šĕlōšîm* and-*šĕttayim* *šānāh* *Yĕhôrām* in-*mālḵô* and-*šĕmôneh* *šānîm* *mālaḵ* in-*Yĕrûšālāim*.", "grammar": { "*Ben*": "noun, masculine singular construct - son of/aged", "*šĕlōšîm*": "number - thirty", "*šĕttayim*": "number, feminine - two", "*šānāh*": "noun, feminine singular - year", "*Yĕhôrām*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Jehoram", "*mālḵô*": "infinitive construct with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his becoming king/reign", "*šĕmôneh*": "number - eight", "*šānîm*": "noun, feminine plural - years", "*mālaḵ*": "verb, perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he reigned", "*Yĕrûšālāim*": "proper noun - Jerusalem" }, "variants": { "*Ben*": "son of/aged", "*šānāh*": "year/age", "*mālḵô*": "his becoming king/his reign/when he became king", "*mālaḵ*": "reigned/ruled/was king" } } 6 { "verseID": "2 Chronicles.21.6", "source": "וַיֵּ֜לֶךְ בְּדֶ֣רֶךְ ׀ מַלְכֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל כַּאֲשֶׁ֤ר עָשׂוּ֙ בֵּ֣ית אַחְאָ֔ב כִּ֚י בַּת־אַחְאָ֔ב הָ֥יְתָה לּ֖וֹ אִשָּׁ֑ה וַיַּ֥עַשׂ הָרַ֖ע בְּעֵינֵ֥י יְהוָֽה׃", "text": "And-*wayyēleḵ* in-*dereḵ* *malḵê* *Yiśrāʾēl* as-that *ʿāśû* *bêṯ* *ʾAḥʾāḇ* for *baṯ*-*ʾAḥʾāḇ* *hāyĕṯāh* to-him *ʾiššāh* and-*wayyaʿaś* the-*hāraʿ* in-*ʿênê* *YHWH*.", "grammar": { "*wayyēleḵ*": "waw-consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - he walked/went", "*dereḵ*": "noun, masculine singular construct - way of/path of", "*malḵê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - kings of", "*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*ʿāśû*": "verb, perfect, 3rd common plural - they did/made", "*bêṯ*": "noun, masculine singular construct - house of", "*ʾAḥʾāḇ*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Ahab", "*baṯ*": "noun, feminine singular construct - daughter of", "*hāyĕṯāh*": "verb, perfect, 3rd feminine singular - she was/became", "*ʾiššāh*": "noun, feminine singular - woman/wife", "*wayyaʿaś*": "waw-consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - he did/made", "*hāraʿ*": "definite article + adjective, masculine singular - the evil", "*ʿênê*": "noun, feminine dual construct - eyes of", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - Yahweh/LORD" }, "variants": { "*wayyēleḵ*": "walked/went/followed", "*dereḵ*": "way/path/manner", "*ʿāśû*": "did/made/practiced", "*bêṯ*": "house/household/dynasty", "*baṯ*": "daughter/female descendant", "*hāyĕṯāh*": "was/became/had become", "*ʾiššāh*": "woman/wife", "*wayyaʿaś*": "did/committed/practiced", "*hāraʿ*": "the evil/wickedness/wrong" } } 7 { "verseID": "2 Chronicles.21.7", "source": "וְלֹא־אָבָ֣ה יְהוָ֗ה לְהַשְׁחִית֙ אֶת־בֵּ֣ית דָּוִ֔יד לְמַ֣עַן הַבְּרִ֔ית אֲשֶׁ֥ר כָּרַ֖ת לְדָוִ֑יד וְכַאֲשֶׁ֣ר אָמַ֗ר לָתֵ֨ת ל֥וֹ נִ֛יר וּלְבָנָ֖יו כָּל־הַיָּמִֽים׃", "text": "And-not-*ʾāḇāh* *YHWH* to-*hašḥîṯ* *ʾeṯ*-*bêṯ* *Dāwîd* for-sake-of the-*bĕrîṯ* that *kāraṯ* to-*Dāwîd* and-as-that *ʾāmar* to-give to-him *nîr* and-to-*bānāyw* all-the-*hayyāmîm*.", "grammar": { "*ʾāḇāh*": "verb, perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he was willing/consented", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - Yahweh/LORD", "*hašḥîṯ*": "hiphil infinitive construct - to destroy", "*ʾeṯ*": "direct object marker", "*bêṯ*": "noun, masculine singular construct - house of", "*Dāwîd*": "proper noun, masculine singular - David", "*bĕrîṯ*": "noun, feminine singular - covenant", "*kāraṯ*": "verb, perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he cut/made", "*ʾāmar*": "verb, perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he said/promised", "*nîr*": "noun, masculine singular - lamp/light", "*bānāyw*": "noun, masculine plural with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his sons", "*hayyāmîm*": "definite article + noun, masculine plural - the days" }, "variants": { "*ʾāḇāh*": "was willing/consented/desired [negated: was unwilling/refused]", "*hašḥîṯ*": "to destroy/ruin/corrupt", "*bêṯ*": "house/dynasty/lineage", "*bĕrîṯ*": "covenant/agreement/promise", "*kāraṯ*": "cut/made [covenant term]", "*ʾāmar*": "said/promised/declared", "*nîr*": "lamp/light/dominion [metaphorical: continuing royal line]", "*hayyāmîm*": "the days/always/perpetually" } }
• 2 Chr 22:3-4 : 3 { "verseID": "2 Chronicles.22.3", "source": "גַּם־ה֣וּא הָלַ֔ךְ בְּדַרְכֵ֖י בֵּ֣ית אַחְאָ֑ב כִּ֥י אִמּ֛וֹ הָיְתָ֥ה יֽוֹעַצְתּ֖וֹ לְהַרְשִֽׁיעַ׃", "text": "Also-*hūʾ* *hālaḵ* in-*darḵēy* house-of-*ʾaḥʾāḇ* because *ʾimmō* *hāyətāh* *yōʿaṣtō* *ləharšīaʿ*.", "grammar": { "*hūʾ*": "Independent personal pronoun, 3rd person masculine singular - 'he'", "*hālaḵ*": "Qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - 'walked/went'", "*darḵēy*": "Noun feminine plural construct - 'ways of'", "*ʾaḥʾāḇ*": "Proper noun - 'Ahab'", "*ʾimmō*": "Noun feminine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - 'his mother'", "*hāyətāh*": "Qal perfect, 3rd person feminine singular - 'was/became'", "*yōʿaṣtō*": "Qal participle feminine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - 'his counselor/adviser'", "*ləharšīaʿ*": "Hiphil infinitive construct - 'to do wickedly/to act wickedly'" }, "variants": { "*darḵēy*": "ways/paths/conduct", "*yōʿaṣtō*": "his counselor/his adviser", "*ləharšīaʿ*": "to do wickedly/to act wickedly/to be wicked" } } 4 { "verseID": "2 Chronicles.22.4", "source": "וַיַּ֧עַשׂ הָרַ֛ע בְּעֵינֵ֥י יְהוָ֖ה כְּבֵ֣ית אַחְאָ֑ב כִּי־הֵ֜מָּה הָֽיוּ־ל֣וֹ יֽוֹעֲצִ֗ים אַחֲרֵ֛י מ֥וֹת אָבִ֖יו לְמַשְׁחִ֥ית לֽוֹ׃", "text": "And *wayyaʿaś* *hāraʿ* in-*ʿēynēy* *YHWH* like-house-of-*ʾaḥʾāḇ* because-*hēmmāh* *hāyū*-to-him *yōʿăṣīm* after *mōt* *ʾāḇīw* to-*mašḥīt* to-him.", "grammar": { "*wayyaʿaś*": "Qal waw-consecutive imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - 'and he did'", "*hāraʿ*": "Adjective masculine singular with definite article - 'the evil'", "*ʿēynēy*": "Noun feminine dual construct - 'eyes of'", "*YHWH*": "Proper noun - divine name", "*ʾaḥʾāḇ*": "Proper noun - 'Ahab'", "*hēmmāh*": "Independent personal pronoun, 3rd person masculine plural - 'they'", "*hāyū*": "Qal perfect, 3rd person common plural - 'were/became'", "*yōʿăṣīm*": "Qal participle masculine plural - 'counselors/advisers'", "*mōt*": "Noun masculine singular construct - 'death of'", "*ʾāḇīw*": "Noun masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - 'his father'", "*mašḥīt*": "Hiphil participle masculine singular - 'destruction/ruin'" }, "variants": { "*hāraʿ*": "the evil/wickedness/badness", "*ʿēynēy*": "eyes/sight/judgment", "*yōʿăṣīm*": "counselors/advisers", "*mašḥīt*": "destruction/ruin/corrupting influence" } }
• 2 Chr 22:10-12 : 10 { "verseID": "2 Chronicles.22.10", "source": "וַעֲתַלְיָ֙הוּ֙ אֵ֣ם אֲחַזְיָ֔הוּ רָאֲתָ֖ה כִּ֣י מֵ֣ת בְּנָ֑הּ וַתָּ֗קָם וַתְּדַבֵּ֛ר אֶת־כָּל־זֶ֥רַע הַמַּמְלָכָ֖ה לְבֵ֥ית יְהוּדָֽה׃", "text": "And *ʿătalyāhū* *ʾēm* *ʾăḥazyāhū* *rāʾătāh* that *mēt* *bənāh*; and *wattāqām* and *wattədabbēr* *ʾet*-all-*zeraʿ* *hammamlāḵāh* to-house-of-*yəhūdāh*.", "grammar": { "*ʿătalyāhū*": "Proper noun - 'Athaliah'", "*ʾēm*": "Noun feminine singular construct - 'mother of'", "*ʾăḥazyāhū*": "Proper noun - 'Ahaziah'", "*rāʾătāh*": "Qal perfect, 3rd person feminine singular - 'saw'", "*mēt*": "Qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - 'died/was dead'", "*bənāh*": "Noun masculine singular with 3rd person feminine singular suffix - 'her son'", "*wattāqām*": "Qal waw-consecutive imperfect, 3rd person feminine singular - 'and she arose'", "*wattədabbēr*": "Piel waw-consecutive imperfect, 3rd person feminine singular - 'and she destroyed'", "*ʾet*": "Direct object marker", "*zeraʿ*": "Noun masculine singular construct - 'seed/offspring of'", "*hammamlāḵāh*": "Noun feminine singular with definite article - 'the kingdom/royal family'", "*yəhūdāh*": "Proper noun - 'Judah'" }, "variants": { "*wattədabbēr*": "destroyed/spoke to [different root possibilities]/exterminated", "*zeraʿ*": "seed/offspring/descendants", "*hammamlāḵāh*": "the kingdom/the royal family/the royal line" } } 11 { "verseID": "2 Chronicles.22.11", "source": "וַתִּקַּח֩ יְהוֹשַׁבְעַ֨ת בַּת־הַמֶּ֜לֶךְ אֶת־יוֹאָ֣שׁ בֶּן־אֲחַזְיָ֗הוּ וַתִּגְנֹ֤ב אֹתוֹ֙ מִתּ֤וֹךְ בְּנֵֽי־הַמֶּ֙לֶךְ֙ הַמּ֣וּמָתִ֔ים וַתִּתֵּ֥ן אֹת֛וֹ וְאֶת־מֵֽינִקְתּ֖וֹ בַּחֲדַ֣ר הַמִּטּ֑וֹת וַתַּסְתִּירֵ֡הוּ יְהוֹשַׁבְעַ֣ת בַּת־הַמֶּ֣לֶךְ יְהוֹרָ֡ם אֵשֶׁת֩ יְהוֹיָדָ֨ע הַכֹּהֵ֜ן כִּ֣י הִיא֩ הָיְתָ֨ה אֲח֧וֹת אֲחַזְיָ֛הוּ מִפְּנֵ֥י עֲתַלְיָ֖הוּ וְלֹ֥א הֱמִיתָֽתְהוּ׃", "text": "And *wattiqaḥ* *yəhōšaḇʿat* daughter-of-*hammeleḵ* *ʾet*-*yōʾāš* son-of-*ʾăḥazyāhū* and *wattigənōḇ* *ʾōtō* from-midst-of sons-of-*hammeleḵ* *hammūmātīm*, and *wattittēn* *ʾōtō* and *ʾet*-*mēyniqtō* in-*ḥădar* *hammiṭṭōt*; and *wattastīrēhū* *yəhōšaḇʿat* daughter-of-*hammeleḵ* *yəhōrām* *ʾēšet* *yəhōyādāʿ* *hakkōhēn* because *hīʾ* *hāyətāh* *ʾăḥōt* *ʾăḥazyāhū*, from-presence-of *ʿătalyāhū* and not *hĕmītātəhū*.", "grammar": { "*wattiqaḥ*": "Qal waw-consecutive imperfect, 3rd person feminine singular - 'and she took'", "*yəhōšaḇʿat*": "Proper noun - 'Jehoshabeath'", "*hammeleḵ*": "Noun masculine singular with definite article - 'the king'", "*ʾet*": "Direct object marker", "*yōʾāš*": "Proper noun - 'Joash'", "*ʾăḥazyāhū*": "Proper noun - 'Ahaziah'", "*wattigənōḇ*": "Qal waw-consecutive imperfect, 3rd person feminine singular - 'and she stole'", "*ʾōtō*": "Direct object marker with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - 'him'", "*hammūmātīm*": "Hophal participle masculine plural with definite article - 'the ones being put to death'", "*wattittēn*": "Qal waw-consecutive imperfect, 3rd person feminine singular - 'and she put'", "*mēyniqtō*": "Hiphil participle feminine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - 'his nurse'", "*ḥădar*": "Noun masculine singular construct - 'chamber of'", "*hammiṭṭōt*": "Noun feminine plural with definite article - 'the beds'", "*wattastīrēhū*": "Hiphil waw-consecutive imperfect, 3rd person feminine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - 'and she hid him'", "*yəhōrām*": "Proper noun - 'Jehoram'", "*ʾēšet*": "Noun feminine singular construct - 'wife of'", "*yəhōyādāʿ*": "Proper noun - 'Jehoiada'", "*hakkōhēn*": "Noun masculine singular with definite article - 'the priest'", "*hīʾ*": "Independent personal pronoun, 3rd person feminine singular - 'she'", "*hāyətāh*": "Qal perfect, 3rd person feminine singular - 'was'", "*ʾăḥōt*": "Noun feminine singular construct - 'sister of'", "*ʿătalyāhū*": "Proper noun - 'Athaliah'", "*hĕmītātəhū*": "Hiphil perfect, 3rd person feminine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - 'she put him to death'" }, "variants": { "*wattigənōḇ*": "stole/took secretly", "*hammūmātīm*": "the ones being put to death/those being killed", "*mēyniqtō*": "his nurse/his wet-nurse", "*ḥădar*": "chamber/room/innermost room", "*hammiṭṭōt*": "the beds/bedchamber/sleeping quarters" } } 12 { "verseID": "2 Chronicles.22.12", "source": "וַיְהִ֤י אִתָּם֙ בְּבֵ֣ית הָֽאֱלֹהִ֔ים מִתְחַבֵּ֖א שֵׁ֣שׁ שָׁנִ֑ים וַעֲתַלְיָ֖ה מֹלֶ֥כֶת עַל־הָאָֽרֶץ׃ פ", "text": "And *wayəhī* with-them in-house-of *hāʾĕlōhīm* *mitḥabbēʾ* *šēš* *šānīm*; and *ʿătalyāh* *mōleḵet* over-*hāʾāreṣ*.", "grammar": { "*wayəhī*": "Qal waw-consecutive imperfect of היה, 3rd person masculine singular - 'and he was'", "*hāʾĕlōhīm*": "Noun masculine plural with definite article - 'the God, God'", "*mitḥabbēʾ*": "Hithpael participle masculine singular - 'hiding himself'", "*šēš*": "Cardinal number - 'six'", "*šānīm*": "Noun feminine plural - 'years'", "*ʿătalyāh*": "Proper noun - 'Athaliah'", "*mōleḵet*": "Qal participle feminine singular - 'ruling'", "*hāʾāreṣ*": "Noun feminine singular with definite article - 'the land'" }, "variants": { "*mitḥabbēʾ*": "hiding himself/in hiding/concealed", "*mōleḵet*": "ruling/reigning", "*hāʾāreṣ*": "the land/the country/the earth" } }