30{
"verseID": "2 Chronicles.18.30",
"source": "וּמֶ֣לֶךְ אֲרָ֡ם צִוָּה֩ אֶת־שָׂרֵ֨י הָרֶ֤כֶב אֲשֶׁר־לוֹ֙ לֵאמֹ֔ר לֹ֚א תִּלָּ֣חֲמ֔וּ אֶת־הַקָּטֹ֖ן אֶת־הַגָּד֑וֹל כִּ֛י אִֽם־אֶת־מֶ֥לֶךְ יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל לְבַדּֽוֹ",
"text": "*û-melek ʾĂrām ṣiwwāh ʾet-śārê hā-rekeb ʾăšer-lô lēʾmōr lōʾ tillāḥămû ʾet-ha-qāṭōn ʾet-ha-gādôl kî ʾim-ʾet-melek Yiśrāʾēl ləbaddô*",
"grammar": {
"*û-melek*": "conjunction + masculine singular noun construct - and king of",
"*ʾĂrām*": "proper noun - Aram/Syria",
"*ṣiwwāh*": "piel perfect 3rd masculine singular - he commanded",
"*ʾet*": "direct object marker",
"*śārê*": "masculine plural noun construct - commanders of",
"*hā-rekeb*": "definite article + masculine singular collective noun - the chariots",
"*ʾăšer-lô*": "relative particle + preposition with 3rd masculine singular suffix - which to him",
"*lēʾmōr*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct - saying",
"*lōʾ tillāḥămû*": "negative particle + niphal imperfect 2nd masculine plural - you shall not fight",
"*ʾet-ha-qāṭōn*": "direct object marker + definite article + adjective masculine singular - with the small",
"*ʾet-ha-gādôl*": "direct object marker + definite article + adjective masculine singular - with the great",
"*kî ʾim*": "conjunction + conjunction - but rather",
"*ʾet-melek Yiśrāʾēl*": "direct object marker + masculine singular noun construct + proper noun - with the king of Israel",
"*ləbaddô*": "preposition + masculine singular noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - by himself"
},
"variants": {
"*ṣiwwāh*": "commanded/ordered/instructed",
"*śārê*": "commanders/captains/chiefs/officials",
"*rekeb*": "chariots/chariot force/chariotry",
"*tillāḥămû*": "you shall fight/do battle/wage war",
"*qāṭōn*": "small/insignificant/young",
"*gādôl*": "great/important/elder"
}
}
31{
"verseID": "2 Chronicles.18.31",
"source": "וַיְהִ֡י כִּרְאוֹת֩ שָׂרֵ֨י הָרֶ֜כֶב אֶת־יְהוֹשָׁפָ֗ט וְהֵ֤מָּה אָֽמְרוּ֙ מֶ֣לֶךְ יִשְׂרָאֵ֣ל ה֔וּא וַיָּסֹ֥בּוּ עָלָ֖יו לְהִלָּחֵ֑ם וַיִּזְעַ֤ק יְהֽוֹשָׁפָט֙ וַֽיהוָ֣ה עֲזָר֔וֹ וַיְסִיתֵ֥ם אֱלֹהִ֖ים מִמֶּֽנּוּ׃",
"text": "*wə-yəhî* *ki-rəʾôt* *śārê* *hā-rekeb* *ʾet*-*yəhôšāpāṭ* *wə-hēmmâ* *ʾāmərû* *melek* *yiśrāʾēl* *hûʾ* *wa-yāsōbbû* *ʿālāyw* *lə-hillāḥēm* *wa-yizʿaq* *yəhôšāpāṭ* *wa-yhwh* *ʿăzārô* *wa-yəsîtēm* *ʾĕlōhîm* *mimmennû*",
"grammar": {
"*wə-yəhî*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd singular, masculine - and it came to pass",
"*ki-rəʾôt*": "infinitive construct with preposition - when seeing",
"*śārê*": "construct plural of *śar* - commanders/captains of",
"*hā-rekeb*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the chariot/chariotry",
"*ʾet*": "direct object marker",
"*yəhôšāpāṭ*": "proper noun - Jehoshaphat",
"*wə-hēmmâ*": "conjunction + 3rd plural pronoun - and they",
"*ʾāmərû*": "perfect, 3rd plural - they said",
"*melek*": "noun, masculine singular construct - king of",
"*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel",
"*hûʾ*": "3rd singular pronoun - he",
"*wa-yāsōbbû*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd plural - and they surrounded",
"*ʿālāyw*": "preposition + 3rd singular suffix - against him",
"*lə-hillāḥēm*": "preposition + niphal infinitive construct - to fight",
"*wa-yizʿaq*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd singular - and he cried out",
"*yəhôšāpāṭ*": "proper noun - Jehoshaphat",
"*wa-yhwh*": "conjunction + divine name - and YHWH",
"*ʿăzārô*": "perfect, 3rd singular + 3rd singular suffix - helped him",
"*wa-yəsîtēm*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd singular + 3rd plural suffix - and he diverted/moved them",
"*ʾĕlōhîm*": "noun, masculine plural (divine title) - God",
"*mimmennû*": "preposition + 3rd singular suffix - from him"
},
"variants": {
"*wə-yəhî*": "and it happened/and it came to pass",
"*śārê*": "captains/commanders/chiefs",
"*hā-rekeb*": "the chariot(s)/chariotry",
"*wa-yāsōbbû*": "and they surrounded/encircled/turned",
"*wa-yizʿaq*": "and he cried out/called/shouted",
"*ʿăzārô*": "helped him/aided him/assisted him",
"*wa-yəsîtēm*": "and he diverted them/turned them away/moved them",
"*ʾĕlōhîm*": "God/gods (plural form used as singular divine title)"
}
}
32{
"verseID": "2 Chronicles.18.32",
"source": "וַיְהִ֗י כִּרְאוֹת֙ שָׂרֵ֣י הָרֶ֔כֶב כִּ֥י לֹא־הָיָ֖ה מֶ֣לֶךְ יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל וַיָּשֻׁ֖בוּ מֵאַחֲרָֽיו׃",
"text": "*wə-yəhî* *ki-rəʾôt* *śārê* *hā-rekeb* *kî* *lōʾ*-*hāyâ* *melek* *yiśrāʾēl* *wa-yāšubû* *mē-ʾaḥărāyw*",
"grammar": {
"*wə-yəhî*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd singular, masculine - and it came to pass",
"*ki-rəʾôt*": "infinitive construct with preposition - when seeing",
"*śārê*": "construct plural of *śar* - commanders/captains of",
"*hā-rekeb*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the chariot/chariotry",
"*kî*": "conjunction - that",
"*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not",
"*hāyâ*": "perfect, 3rd singular masculine - he was",
"*melek*": "noun, masculine singular construct - king of",
"*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel",
"*wa-yāšubû*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd plural - and they turned back/returned",
"*mē-ʾaḥărāyw*": "preposition + noun + 3rd singular suffix - from after him"
},
"variants": {
"*wə-yəhî*": "and it happened/and it came to pass",
"*śārê*": "captains/commanders/chiefs",
"*hā-rekeb*": "the chariot(s)/chariotry",
"*kî*": "that/because/when",
"*wa-yāšubû*": "and they turned back/returned/withdrew",
"*mē-ʾaḥărāyw*": "from pursuing him/from following him/from after him"
}
}