2 Samuel 10:12

biblecontext

{ "verseID": "2 Samuel.10.12", "source": "חֲזַ֤ק וְנִתְחַזַּק֙ בְּעַד־עַמֵּ֔נוּ וּבְעַ֖ד עָרֵ֣י אֱלֹהֵ֑ינוּ וַֽיהוָ֔ה יַעֲשֶׂ֥ה הַטּ֖וֹב בְּעֵינָֽיו׃", "text": "Be strong *ḥăzaq* and let us show ourselves strong *wənitḥazzaq* for-*bəʿad-ʿammēnû* and for-*ûbəʿad* cities-of *ʿārê* our-God *ʾĕlōhênû* and *wayhwh* let him do *yaʿăśeh* the-good *haṭṭôb* in-his-eyes *bəʿênāyw*.", "grammar": { "*ḥăzaq*": "qal imperative ms - be strong", "*wənitḥazzaq*": "waw-conjunction with hithpael imperfect 1cp cohortative - and let us strengthen ourselves", "*bəʿad-ʿammēnû*": "preposition with masculine singular noun with 1cp suffix - for our people", "*ûbəʿad*": "conjunction with preposition - and for", "*ʿārê*": "feminine plural construct - cities of", "*ʾĕlōhênû*": "masculine plural noun with 1cp suffix - our God", "*wayhwh*": "conjunction with divine name - and YHWH", "*yaʿăśeh*": "qal imperfect 3ms jussive - may he do/let him do", "*haṭṭôb*": "definite article with masculine singular adjective - the good", "*bəʿênāyw*": "preposition with feminine dual noun with 3ms suffix - in his eyes" }, "variants": { "*ḥăzaq*": "be strong/be courageous", "*wənitḥazzaq*": "let us strengthen ourselves/let us be courageous", "*bəʿad*": "for/on behalf of" } }

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

חֲזַ֤ק וְנִתְחַזַּק֙ בְּעַד־עַמֵּ֔נוּ וּבְעַ֖ד עָרֵ֣י אֱלֹהֵ֑ינוּ וַֽיהוָ֔ה יַעֲשֶׂ֥ה הַטּ֖וֹב בְּעֵינָֽיו׃

Transliteration

Be strong ḥăzaq and let us show ourselves strong wənitḥazzaq for-bəʿad-ʿammēnû and for-ûbəʿad cities-of ʿārê our-God ʾĕlōhênû and wayhwh let him do yaʿăśeh the-good haṭṭôb in-his-eyes bəʿênāyw.

Grammar Details

• *ḥăzaq*: qal imperative ms - be strong
• *wənitḥazzaq*: waw-conjunction with hithpael imperfect 1cp cohortative - and let us strengthen ourselves
• *bəʿad-ʿammēnû*: preposition with masculine singular noun with 1cp suffix - for our people
• *ûbəʿad*: conjunction with preposition - and for
• *ʿārê*: feminine plural construct - cities of
• *ʾĕlōhênû*: masculine plural noun with 1cp suffix - our God
• *wayhwh*: conjunction with divine name - and YHWH
• *yaʿăśeh*: qal imperfect 3ms jussive - may he do/let him do
• *haṭṭôb*: definite article with masculine singular adjective - the good
• *bəʿênāyw*: preposition with feminine dual noun with 3ms suffix - in his eyes

Word Meanings

• *ḥăzaq*: be strong/be courageous
• *wənitḥazzaq*: let us strengthen ourselves/let us be courageous
• *bəʿad*: for/on behalf of

Other Translations

• Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts

  Be strong, and let us show strength for the sake of our people and the cities of our God. May the LORD do what seems good to Him.

• King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)

  Be of good courage, and let us play the men for our people, and for the cities of our God: and the LORD do that which seemeth him good.

• KJV1611 – Modern English

  Be of good courage, and let us be valiant for our people, and for the cities of our God: and the LORD do what seems good to him.

• King James Version 1611 (Original)

  Be of good courage, and let us play the men for our people, and for the cities of our God: and the LORD do that which seemeth him good.

• American Standard Version with Strong's Numbers

  Be of good courage, and let us play the man for our people, and for the cities of our God: and Jehovah do that which seemeth him good.

• King James Version with Strong's Numbers

  Be of good courage, and let us play the men for our people, and for the cities of our God: and the LORD do that which seemeth him good.

• Coverdale Bible (1535)

  Take a good corage vnto the, and let vs be stronge for oure people, and for ye cite of oure God: neuertheles the LORDE do what pleaseth him.

• Geneva Bible (1560)

  Be strong & let vs be valiant for our people, & for the cities of our God, and let the Lord do that which is good in his eyes.

• Bishops' Bible (1568)

  Therefore quite thee lyke a man, and let vs be valiaunt for our people and for the cities of our God: And the Lorde do that which is good in his owne eyes.

• Authorized King James Version (1611)

  Be of good courage, and let us play the men for our people, and for the cities of our God: and the LORD do that which seemeth him good.

• Webster's Bible (1833)

  Be of good courage, and let us play the man for our people, and for the cities of our God: and Yahweh do that which seems him good.

• Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

  be strong and strengthen thyself for our people, and for the cities of our God, and Jehovah doth that which is good in His eyes.'

• American Standard Version (1901)

  Be of good courage, and let us play the man for ou people, and for the cities of our God: and Jehovah do that which seemeth him good.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  Be of good courage, and let us play the man for our people, and for the cities of our God: and Jehovah do that which seemeth him good.

• Bible in Basic English (1941)

  Take heart, and let us be strong for our people and for the towns of our God, and may the Lord do what seems good to him.

• World English Bible (2000)

  Be courageous, and let us be strong for our people, and for the cities of our God; and Yahweh do that which seems good to him."

• NET Bible® (New English Translation)

  Be strong! Let’s fight bravely for the sake of our people and the cities of our God! The LORD will do what he decides is best!”

Referenced Verses

• Deut 31:6 : 6 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.31.6", "source": "חִזְק֣וּ וְאִמְצ֔וּ אַל־תִּֽירְא֥וּ וְאַל־תַּעַרְצ֖וּ מִפְּנֵיהֶ֑ם כִּ֣י ׀ יְהוָ֣ה אֱלֹהֶ֗יךָ ה֚וּא הַהֹלֵ֣ךְ עִמָּ֔ךְ לֹ֥א יַרְפְּךָ֖ וְלֹ֥א יַעַזְבֶֽךָּ׃ פ", "text": "*ḥizqû* and *wə-ʾimṣû*, not-*tîrəʾû* and-not-*taʿarṣû* from-before-them; for *YHWH* *ʾĕlōhêkā* *hûʾ* the-*ha-hōlēk* with-you, not *yarpəkā* and-not *yaʿazbékā*.", "grammar": { "*ḥizqû*": "qal imperative masculine plural - 'be strong'", "*wə-ʾimṣû*": "waw conjunction + qal imperative masculine plural - 'and be courageous'", "*tîrəʾû*": "qal imperfect 2nd masculine plural - 'you will fear'", "*taʿarṣû*": "qal imperfect 2nd masculine plural - 'you will tremble/be terrified'", "*YHWH*": "divine name", "*ʾĕlōhêkā*": "noun masculine plural construct with 2nd masculine singular suffix - 'your God'", "*hûʾ*": "personal pronoun 3rd masculine singular - 'he'", "*ha-hōlēk*": "definite article + qal participle masculine singular - 'the one walking'", "*yarpəkā*": "hiphil imperfect 3rd masculine singular with 2nd masculine singular suffix - 'he will let go of you'", "*yaʿazbékā*": "qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular with 2nd masculine singular suffix - 'he will forsake you'" }, "variants": { "*ḥizqû*": "be strong/strengthen yourselves/be firm", "*wə-ʾimṣû*": "be courageous/be bold/be resolute", "*tîrəʾû*": "fear/be afraid/be frightened", "*taʿarṣû*": "tremble/be terrified/be in dread", "*ha-hōlēk*": "the one walking/going/traveling", "*yarpəkā*": "let go of you/fail you/abandon you", "*yaʿazbékā*": "forsake you/abandon you/leave you" } }
• 1 Cor 16:13 : 13 { "verseID": "1 Corinthians.16.13", "source": "Γρηγορεῖτε, στήκετε ἐν τῇ πίστει, ἀνδρίζεσθε, κραταιοῦσθε.", "text": "*Grēgoreite*, *stēkete en tē pistei*, *andrizesthe*, *krataiousthe*.", "grammar": { "*Grēgoreite*": "present, imperative, active, 2nd person, plural - watch/be alert", "*stēkete*": "present, imperative, active, 2nd person, plural - stand firm/stand fast", "*en tē pistei*": "preposition + dative, feminine, singular - in the faith", "*andrizesthe*": "present, imperative, middle, 2nd person, plural - be courageous/act like men", "*krataiousthe*": "present, imperative, passive, 2nd person, plural - be strengthened/be made strong" }, "variants": { "*Grēgoreite*": "watch/be alert/be vigilant/stay awake", "*stēkete*": "stand firm/stand fast/persevere", "*pistei*": "faith/belief/trust", "*andrizesthe*": "be courageous/act like men/be brave", "*krataiousthe*": "be strengthened/be made strong/be mighty" } }
• 1 Sam 3:18 : 18 { "verseID": "1 Samuel.3.18", "source": "וַיַּגֶּד־ל֤וֹ שְׁמוּאֵל֙ אֶת־כָּל־הַדְּבָרִ֔ים וְלֹ֥א כִחֵ֖ד מִמֶּ֑נּוּ וַיֹּאמַ֕ר יְהוָ֣ה ה֔וּא הַטּ֥וֹב בְּעֵינָ֖ו יַעֲשֶֽׂה׃", "text": "And *wayyagged*-to him *Šĕmûʾēl* *ʾet*-all-the *dĕbārîm* and not *kiḥēd* from him; and *wayyōʾmar* *YHWH* he, the *ṭôb* in *ʿênāw* *yaʿăśeh*.", "grammar": { "*wayyagged*": "Hiphil imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular with waw consecutive - and he told", "*Šĕmûʾēl*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Samuel", "*dĕbārîm*": "noun, masculine plural with definite article - the words/things", "*kiḥēd*": "Piel perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he hid", "*wayyōʾmar*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular with waw consecutive - and he said", "*YHWH*": "divine name - the LORD", "*ṭôb*": "adjective, masculine singular with definite article - the good", "*ʿênāw*": "noun, feminine dual construct with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his eyes", "*yaʿăśeh*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he will do" }, "variants": { "*wayyagged*": "told/declared/reported", "*dĕbārîm*": "words/things/matters/speeches", "*kiḥēd*": "hid/concealed/withheld", "*wayyōʾmar*": "said/spoke/answered", "*ṭôb*": "good/pleasant/agreeable", "*ʿênāw*": "his eyes/sight/opinion", "*yaʿăśeh*": "will do/make/perform" } }
• 1 Sam 4:9 : 9 { "verseID": "1 Samuel.4.9", "source": "הִֽתְחַזְּק֞וּ וִֽהְי֤וּ לֽ͏ַאֲנָשִׁים֙ פְּלִשְׁתִּ֔ים פֶּ֚ן תַּעַבְד֣וּ לָעִבְרִ֔ים כַּאֲשֶׁ֥ר עָבְד֖וּ לָכֶ֑ם וִהְיִיתֶ֥ם לַאֲנָשִׁ֖ים וְנִלְחַמְתֶּֽם׃", "text": "Be-strong *hitḥazzəqû* and *wə* *həyû* as-*la'ănāšîm* *pəlištîm* lest *pen* you-become-servants *ta'avdû* to-the-*'ivrîm* as-which *ka'ăšer* they-served *'āvdû* to-you and *wə* *həyîtem* as-*la'ănāšîm* and *wə* *nilḥamtem*.", "grammar": { "*hitḥazzəqû*": "hithpael imperative masculine plural - be strong", "*həyû*": "qal imperative masculine plural - be", "*la'ănāšîm*": "preposition + masculine plural noun - as men", "*pəlištîm*": "proper noun, masculine plural - Philistines", "*pen*": "conjunction - lest", "*ta'avdû*": "qal imperfect 2nd masculine plural - you will serve", "*'ivrîm*": "masculine plural noun with definite article - the Hebrews", "*ka'ăšer*": "conjunction - as, just as", "*'āvdû*": "qal perfect 3rd common plural - they served", "*həyîtem*": "qal perfect 2nd masculine plural - you will be", "*la'ănāšîm*": "preposition + masculine plural noun - as men", "*nilḥamtem*": "niphal perfect 2nd masculine plural - you will fight" }, "variants": { "*hitḥazzəqû*": "be strong, strengthen yourselves, take courage", "*həyû* *la'ănāšîm*": "be men, act like men, be courageous", "*ta'avdû*": "you will serve, you will be slaves to", "*'āvdû*": "they served, they were slaves to", "*nilḥamtem*": "you will fight, you will battle, you will wage war" } }
• Judg 10:15 : 15 { "verseID": "Judges.10.15", "source": "וַיֹּאמְר֨וּ בְנֵי־יִשְׂרָאֵ֤ל אֶל־יְהוָה֙ חָטָ֔אנוּ עֲשֵׂה־אַתָּ֣ה לָ֔נוּ כְּכָל־הַטּ֖וֹב בְּעֵינֶ֑יךָ אַ֛ךְ הַצִּילֵ֥נוּ נָ֖א הַיּ֥וֹם הַזֶּֽה", "text": "*wə-yōʾmərû* *bənê*-*yiśrāʾēl* to-*YHWH* *ḥāṭāʾnû* *ʿăśēh*-you to-us according-to-all-*ha-ṭôḇ* in-*ʿêneḵā* only *haṣṣîlēnû* please *ha-yôm* *ha-zeh*", "grammar": { "*wə-yōʾmərû*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3mp - and they said", "*bənê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - sons of", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - Yahweh/LORD", "*ḥāṭāʾnû*": "qal perfect 1cp - we have sinned", "*ʿăśēh*": "qal imperative 2ms - do", "*ha-ṭôḇ*": "definite article + adjective, masculine singular - the good", "*ʿêneḵā*": "noun, feminine dual construct + 2ms suffix - your eyes", "*haṣṣîlēnû*": "hiphil imperative 2ms + 1cp suffix - deliver us", "*ha-yôm*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the day", "*ha-zeh*": "definite article + demonstrative pronoun - this" }, "variants": { "*ḥāṭāʾnû*": "we have sinned/we have missed the mark", "*ha-ṭôḇ*": "the good/what is good/what is right", "*haṣṣîlēnû*": "deliver us/rescue us/save us" } }
• Neh 4:14 : 14 { "verseID": "Nehemiah.4.14", "source": "בִּמְק֗וֹם אֲשֶׁ֤ר תִּשְׁמְעוּ֙ אֶת־ק֣וֹל הַשּׁוֹפָ֔ר שָׁ֖מָּה תִּקָּבְצ֣וּ אֵלֵ֑ינוּ אֱלֹהֵ֖ינוּ יִלָּ֥חֶם לָֽנוּ׃", "text": "In the *biməqôm* that *tišməʿû* *ʾet*-voice of the *haššôpār*, *šāmmâ* *tiqqābəṣû* to us; our *ʾĕlōhênû* *yillāḥem* for us.", "grammar": { "*biməqôm*": "preposition + noun masculine singular - in the place", "*tišməʿû*": "qal imperfect 2mp - you hear", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*haššôpār*": "definite article + noun masculine singular - the trumpet", "*šāmmâ*": "adverb - there", "*tiqqābəṣû*": "niphal imperfect 2mp - you assemble", "*ʾĕlōhênû*": "noun masculine plural construct + pronominal suffix 1cp - our God", "*yillāḥem*": "niphal imperfect 3ms - he will fight" }, "variants": { "*biməqôm*": "in the place/at the location", "*haššôpār*": "the trumpet/horn/ram's horn", "*tiqqābəṣû*": "you assemble/gather/come together", "*yillāḥem*": "he will fight/do battle" } }
• Job 1:21 : 21 { "verseID": "Job.1.21", "source": "וַיֹּאמֶר֩ עָרֹ֨ם יָצָ֜אתִי מִבֶּ֣טֶן אִמִּ֗י וְעָרֹם֙ אָשׁ֣וּב שָׁ֔מָה יְהוָ֣ה נָתַ֔ן וַיהוָ֖ה לָקָ֑ח יְהִ֛י שֵׁ֥ם יְהוָ֖ה מְבֹרָֽךְ׃", "text": "*wa-yōʾmer* *ʿārōm* *yāṣāʾtî* from-*beṭen* *ʾimmî* *wə-ʿārōm* *ʾāšûb* *šāmmâ* *YHWH* *nātan* *wa-YHWH* *lāqāḥ* *yəhî* *šēm* *YHWH* *məbōrāk*", "grammar": { "*wa-yōʾmer*": "conjunction + qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and said", "*ʿārōm*": "masculine singular adjective - naked", "*yāṣāʾtî*": "qal perfect 1st common singular - I came out", "*beṭen*": "feminine singular construct - womb of", "*ʾimmî*": "feminine singular noun + 1st common singular suffix - my mother", "*wə-ʿārōm*": "conjunction + masculine singular adjective - and naked", "*ʾāšûb*": "qal imperfect 1st common singular - I will return", "*šāmmâ*": "adverb with directional hey - there/thither", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - the LORD", "*nātan*": "qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - gave", "*wa-YHWH*": "conjunction + proper noun - and the LORD", "*lāqāḥ*": "qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - took", "*yəhî*": "qal jussive 3rd masculine singular - may be", "*šēm*": "masculine singular construct - name of", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - the LORD", "*məbōrāk*": "pual participle masculine singular - blessed" }, "variants": { "*ʿārōm*": "naked/bare", "*yāṣāʾtî mi-beṭen ʾimmî*": "I came out from my mother's womb", "*ʾāšûb šāmmâ*": "I will return there/I will go back there", "*yəhî šēm YHWH məbōrāk*": "may the name of the LORD be blessed" } }
• Josh 1:6-7 : 6 { "verseID": "Joshua.1.6", "source": "חֲזַ֖ק וֶאֱמָ֑ץ כִּ֣י אַתָּ֗ה תַּנְחִיל֙ אֶת־הָעָ֣ם הַזֶּ֔ה אֶת־הָאָ֕רֶץ אֲשֶׁר־נִשְׁבַּ֥עְתִּי לַאֲבוֹתָ֖ם לָתֵ֥ת לָהֶֽם", "text": "*Ḥazaq* and-*ʾĕmāts* for you *tanḥîl* *ʾet*-the *hāʿām* the-this *ʾet*-the *hāʾārets* which-*nishbaʿtî* to-their-*ʾăbôtām* to-give to-them", "grammar": { "*Ḥazaq*": "qal imperative masculine singular - be strong", "*ʾĕmāts*": "qal imperative masculine singular - be courageous", "*tanḥîl*": "hiphil imperfect 2nd masculine singular - you will cause to inherit", "*hāʿām*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the people", "*hāʾārets*": "definite article + noun, feminine singular - the land", "*nishbaʿtî*": "niphal perfect 1st singular - I swore/have sworn", "*ʾăbôtām*": "noun, masculine plural + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their fathers" }, "variants": { "*Ḥazaq*": "be strong/strengthen/prevail", "*ʾĕmāts*": "be courageous/brave/resolute", "*tanḥîl*": "you will cause to inherit/give possession/divide inheritance", "*ʾăbôtām*": "their fathers/ancestors/forefathers" } } 7 { "verseID": "Joshua.1.7", "source": "רַק֩ חֲזַ֨ק וֶֽאֱמַ֜ץ מְאֹ֗ד לִשְׁמֹ֤ר לַעֲשׂוֹת֙ כְּכָל־הַתּוֹרָ֗ה אֲשֶׁ֤ר צִוְּךָ֙ מֹשֶׁ֣ה עַבְדִּ֔י אַל־תָּס֥וּר מִמֶּ֖נּוּ יָמִ֣ין וּשְׂמֹ֑אול לְמַ֣עַן תַּשְׂכִּ֔יל בְּכֹ֖ל אֲשֶׁ֥ר תֵּלֵֽךְ", "text": "Only *ḥazaq* and-*ʾĕmats* *mǝʾōd* to-*lishmōr* to-*laʿăśôt* as-all-the *tôrāh* which *tsiwwǝkā* *Mōsheh* *ʿabdî* not-*tāsûr* from-it right and-left so-that *taśkîl* in-all which *tēlēk*", "grammar": { "*ḥazaq*": "qal imperative masculine singular - be strong", "*ʾĕmats*": "qal imperative masculine singular - be courageous", "*mǝʾōd*": "adverb - very/exceedingly", "*lishmōr*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct - to keep/observe", "*laʿăśôt*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct - to do/perform", "*tôrāh*": "noun, feminine singular - law/instruction", "*tsiwwǝkā*": "piel perfect 3rd masculine singular + 2nd masculine singular suffix - he commanded you", "*Mōsheh*": "proper noun - Moses", "*ʿabdî*": "noun, masculine singular + 1st person singular suffix - my servant", "*tāsûr*": "qal imperfect 2nd masculine singular - you turn aside", "*taśkîl*": "hiphil imperfect 2nd masculine singular - you will be successful/prosper", "*tēlēk*": "qal imperfect 2nd masculine singular - you will go/walk" }, "variants": { "*ḥazaq*": "be strong/strengthen/prevail", "*ʾĕmats*": "be courageous/brave/resolute", "*lishmōr*": "to keep/observe/guard", "*laʿăśôt*": "to do/perform/accomplish", "*tôrāh*": "law/instruction/teaching", "*tāsûr*": "turn aside/depart/deviate", "*taśkîl*": "be successful/act wisely/prosper" } }
• Josh 1:9 : 9 { "verseID": "Joshua.1.9", "source": "הֲל֤וֹא צִוִּיתִ֙יךָ֙ חֲזַ֣ק וֶאֱמָ֔ץ אַֽל־תַּעֲרֹ֖ץ וְאַל־תֵּחָ֑ת כִּ֤י עִמְּךָ֙ יְהוָ֣ה אֱלֹהֶ֔יךָ בְּכֹ֖ל אֲשֶׁ֥ר תֵּלֵֽךְ", "text": "Have-not *tsiwwîtîkā* *ḥazaq* and-*ʾĕmāts* not-*taʿărōts* and-not-*tēḥāt* for with-you *YHWH* *ʾĕlōhêkā* in-all which *tēlēk*", "grammar": { "*tsiwwîtîkā*": "piel perfect 1st singular + 2nd masculine singular suffix - I have commanded you", "*ḥazaq*": "qal imperative masculine singular - be strong", "*ʾĕmāts*": "qal imperative masculine singular - be courageous", "*taʿărōts*": "qal imperfect 2nd masculine singular - you will be terrified", "*tēḥāt*": "niphal imperfect 2nd masculine singular - you will be dismayed", "*YHWH*": "divine name - the LORD", "*ʾĕlōhêkā*": "noun, masculine plural construct + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your God", "*tēlēk*": "qal imperfect 2nd masculine singular - you will go" }, "variants": { "*tsiwwîtîkā*": "I have commanded you/I commanded you", "*ḥazaq*": "be strong/strengthen/prevail", "*ʾĕmāts*": "be courageous/brave/resolute", "*taʿărōts*": "be terrified/afraid/tremble", "*tēḥāt*": "be dismayed/discouraged/broken" } }
• 1 Sam 14:6 : 6 { "verseID": "1 Samuel.14.6", "source": "וַיֹּ֨אמֶר יְהוֹנָתָ֜ן אֶל־הַנַּ֣עַר ׀ נֹשֵׂ֣א כֵלָ֗יו לְכָה֙ וְנַעְבְּרָ֗ה אֶל־מַצַּב֙ הָעֲרֵלִ֣ים הָאֵ֔לֶּה אוּלַ֛י יַעֲשֶׂ֥ה יְהוָ֖ה לָ֑נוּ כִּ֣י אֵ֤ין לַֽיהוָה֙ מַעְצ֔וֹר לְהוֹשִׁ֥יעַ בְּרַ֖ב א֥וֹ בִמְעָֽט׃", "text": "And-*wayyōʾmer* *Yəhônātān* to-the-*naʿar* *nōśēʾ* *kēlāyw*: *ləkāh* and-*wənaʿbərāh* to-*maṣṣab* the-*ʿărēlîm* the-these; *ʾûlay* *yaʿăśeh* *YHWH* for-us, because nothing for-*YHWH* *maʿṣôr* to-*ləhôšîaʿ* with-*rab* or with-*məʿāṭ*.", "grammar": { "*wayyōʾmer*": "waw-consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he said", "*Yəhônātān*": "proper noun - Jonathan", "*naʿar*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the young man/servant", "*nōśēʾ*": "participle, masculine singular construct - bearer/carrier of", "*kēlāyw*": "noun, masculine plural with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his weapons/equipment", "*ləkāh*": "imperative, masculine singular - come/go", "*wənaʿbərāh*": "waw-consecutive cohortative, 1st common plural - and let us cross over", "*maṣṣab*": "noun, masculine singular construct - garrison/outpost of", "*ʿărēlîm*": "noun, masculine plural with definite article - the uncircumcised", "*ʾûlay*": "adverb - perhaps", "*yaʿăśeh*": "imperfect, 3rd masculine singular, Qal - he will act/work", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - LORD/Yahweh", "*maʿṣôr*": "noun, masculine singular - restraint/hindrance", "*ləhôšîaʿ*": "infinitive construct, Hiphil - to save/deliver", "*rab*": "adjective, masculine singular - many/much", "*məʿāṭ*": "adjective, masculine singular - few/little" }, "variants": { "*naʿar*": "young man/servant/attendant", "*nōśēʾ kēlāyw*": "armor-bearer/weapon-carrier", "*ləkāh*": "come!/go!", "*wənaʿbərāh*": "let us cross over/let us go over", "*maṣṣab*": "garrison/outpost/station", "*ʿărēlîm*": "uncircumcised ones/Philistines (derogatory)", "*ʾûlay*": "perhaps/maybe/possibly", "*yaʿăśeh*": "will act/will work/will do", "*maʿṣôr*": "restraint/hindrance/limitation" } }
• 1 Sam 14:12 : 12 { "verseID": "1 Samuel.14.12", "source": "וַיַּעֲנוּ֩ אַנְשֵׁ֨י הַמַּצָּבָ֜ה אֶת־יוֹנָתָ֣ן ׀ וְאֶת־נֹשֵׂ֣א כֵלָ֗יו וַיֹּֽאמְרוּ֙ עֲל֣וּ אֵלֵ֔ינוּ וְנוֹדִ֥יעָה אֶתְכֶ֖ם דָּבָ֑ר פ וַיֹּ֨אמֶר יוֹנָתָ֜ן אֶל־נֹשֵׂ֤א כֵלָיו֙ עֲלֵ֣ה אַחֲרַ֔י כִּֽי־נְתָנָ֥ם יְהוָ֖ה בְּיַ֥ד יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃", "text": "And-*wayyaʿănû* *ʾanšê* the-*maṣṣābāh* *ʾet*-*Yônātān* and-*ʾet*-*nōśēʾ* *kēlāyw* and-*wayyōʾmərû*: *ʿălû* to-us and-*wənôdîʿāh* you *dābār*. And-*wayyōʾmer* *Yônātān* to-*nōśēʾ* *kēlāyw*: *ʿălēh* after-me because-*nətānām* *YHWH* in-*yad* *Yiśrāʾēl*.", "grammar": { "*wayyaʿănû*": "waw-consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine plural, Qal - and they answered", "*ʾanšê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - men of", "*maṣṣābāh*": "noun, feminine singular with definite article - the garrison", "*Yônātān*": "proper noun - Jonathan", "*nōśēʾ*": "participle, masculine singular construct - bearer of", "*kēlāyw*": "noun, masculine plural with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his weapons/equipment", "*wayyōʾmərû*": "waw-consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine plural, Qal - and they said", "*ʿălû*": "imperative, masculine plural, Qal - come up", "*wənôdîʿāh*": "waw-consecutive cohortative, 1st common plural, Hiphil - and let us make known", "*dābār*": "noun, masculine singular - word/thing/matter", "*wayyōʾmer*": "waw-consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular, Qal - and he said", "*ʿălēh*": "imperative, masculine singular, Qal - come up", "*nətānām*": "perfect, 3rd masculine singular with 3rd masculine plural suffix, Qal - he has given them", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - LORD/Yahweh", "*yad*": "noun, feminine singular construct - hand of", "*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel" }, "variants": { "*wayyaʿănû*": "they answered/they responded", "*ʾanšê*": "men of/people of/soldiers of", "*maṣṣābāh*": "garrison/outpost/station", "*nōśēʾ kēlāyw*": "armor-bearer/weapon-carrier", "*ʿălû*": "come up/go up/ascend", "*wənôdîʿāh*": "let us make known/let us tell/let us inform", "*dābār*": "word/thing/matter/message", "*ʿălēh*": "come up/go up/climb up", "*nətānām*": "he has given them/he has delivered them", "*yad*": "hand/power/control" } }
• 1 Sam 17:32 : 32 { "verseID": "1 Samuel.17.32", "source": "וַיֹּ֤אמֶר דָּוִד֙ אֶל־שָׁא֔וּל אַל־יִפֹּ֥ל לֵב־אָדָ֖ם עָלָ֑יו עַבְדְּךָ֣ יֵלֵ֔ךְ וְנִלְחַ֖ם עִם־הַפְּלִשְׁתִּ֥י הַזֶּֽה׃", "text": "And *wayyōʾmer* *dāwid* to-*šāʾûl*, \"Not-*yippōl* *lēb*-*ʾādām* upon-him; *ʿabdəkā* *yēlēk* and *nilḥam* with-the-*pəlištî* the-*zeh*.\"", "grammar": { "*wayyōʾmer*": "waw consecutive + 3rd masculine singular Qal imperfect of *ʾmr* - and he said", "*dāwid*": "proper noun - David", "*šāʾûl*": "proper noun - Saul", "*yippōl*": "3rd masculine singular Qal imperfect of *npl* - he will fall", "*lēb*": "noun, masculine singular construct - heart", "*ʾādām*": "noun, masculine singular - man/person", "*ʿabdəkā*": "noun, masculine singular construct + 2nd masculine singular suffix - your servant", "*yēlēk*": "3rd masculine singular Qal imperfect of *hlk* - he will go", "*nilḥam*": "3rd masculine singular Niphal perfect of *lḥm* - he will fight", "*pəlištî*": "gentilic noun, masculine singular - Philistine", "*zeh*": "demonstrative pronoun, masculine singular - this" }, "variants": { "*yippōl*": "fall/fail/falter", "*lēb*": "heart/mind/courage", "*ʾādām*": "man/person/anyone", "*nilḥam*": "fight/do battle with", "*pəlištî*": "Philistine (member of the sea peoples)" } }
• 2 Sam 16:10-11 : 10 { "verseID": "2 Samuel.16.10", "source": "וַיֹּ֣אמֶר הַמֶּ֔לֶךְ מַה־לִּ֥י וְלָכֶ֖ם בְּנֵ֣י צְרֻיָ֑ה *כי **כֹּ֣ה יְקַלֵּ֗ל *וכי **כִּ֤י יְהוָה֙ אָ֤מַר לוֹ֙ קַלֵּ֣ל אֶת־דָּוִ֔ד וּמִ֣י יֹאמַ֔ר מַדּ֖וּעַ עָשִׂ֥יתָה כֵּֽן׃ ס", "text": "And *wayyōʾmer* the *hammelek*, \"*Mah-lî* and to you, *bənê Ṣəruyāh*? *Kōh yəqallēl* because *Yəhwāh* *ʾāmar* to him, 'Curse *ʾeṯ-Dāwid*,' and who shall *yōʾmar*, '*Maddûaʿ* *ʿāśîṯāh* thus?'\"", "grammar": { "*wayyōʾmer*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he said", "*hammelek*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the king", "*Mah-lî*": "interrogative + preposition + 1st person singular suffix - what to me", "*bənê Ṣəruyāh*": "noun, masculine plural construct + proper noun - sons of Zeruiah", "*Kōh yəqallēl*": "adverb + piel imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - thus let him curse", "*Yəhwāh*": "proper noun - LORD", "*ʾāmar*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - has said", "*ʾeṯ-Dāwid*": "direct object marker + proper noun - David", "*yōʾmar*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - will say", "*Maddûaʿ*": "interrogative - why", "*ʿāśîṯāh*": "qal perfect, 2nd masculine singular - you have done" }, "variants": { "*Mah-lî*": "what have I to do/what concern is it/what business", "*bənê Ṣəruyāh*": "sons of Zeruiah - referring to Joab and Abishai", "*Kōh yəqallēl*": "let him curse/so let him curse", "*Maddûaʿ*": "why/for what reason", "*כי/כֹּ֣ה*": "textual variant - either 'for/because' or 'thus/so'", "*וכי/כִּ֤י*": "textual variant - both meaning 'because/for'" } } 11 { "verseID": "2 Samuel.16.11", "source": "וַיֹּ֨אמֶר דָּוִ֤ד אֶל־אֲבִישַׁי֙ וְאֶל־כָּל־עֲבָדָ֔יו הִנֵּ֥ה בְנִ֛י אֲשֶׁר־יָצָ֥א מִמֵּעַ֖י מְבַקֵּ֣שׁ אֶת־נַפְשִׁ֑י וְאַ֨ף כִּֽי־עַתָּ֜ה בֶּן־הַיְמִינִ֗י הַנִּ֤חוּ לוֹ֙ וִֽיקַלֵּ֔ל כִּ֥י אָֽמַר־ל֖וֹ יְהוָֽה׃", "text": "And *wayyōʾmer* *Dāwid* to *ʾĂbîšay* and to all his *ʿăbādāw*, \"*Hinnēh* *bənî* who *yāṣāʾ* from *mimmēʿay* *məbaqqēš* *ʾeṯ-napšî*, and how much more now this *ben-hayəmînî*. *Hannîḥû* to him *wîqallēl*, because *ʾāmar-lô* *Yəhwāh*.\"", "grammar": { "*wayyōʾmer*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he said", "*Dāwid*": "proper noun - David", "*ʾĂbîšay*": "proper noun - Abishai", "*ʿăbādāw*": "noun, masculine plural + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his servants", "*Hinnēh*": "demonstrative particle - behold", "*bənî*": "noun, masculine singular + 1st person singular suffix - my son", "*yāṣāʾ*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - came out", "*mimmēʿay*": "preposition + noun, masculine plural construct + 1st person singular suffix - from my bowels", "*məbaqqēš*": "piel participle, masculine singular - seeking", "*ʾeṯ-napšî*": "direct object marker + noun, feminine singular + 1st person singular suffix - my life", "*ben-hayəmînî*": "noun construct + definite article + adjective - son of the Benjamite", "*Hannîḥû*": "hiphil imperative, masculine plural - leave", "*wîqallēl*": "waw conjunctive + piel imperfect jussive, 3rd masculine singular - and let him curse", "*ʾāmar-lô*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular + preposition + 3rd masculine singular suffix - has said to him", "*Yəhwāh*": "proper noun - LORD" }, "variants": { "*ʿăbādāw*": "his servants/his officials/his attendants", "*mimmēʿay*": "from my bowels/from my own body/from my loins", "*məbaqqēš*": "seeking/trying to take/looking for", "*ʾeṯ-napšî*": "my life/my soul/myself", "*ben-hayəmînî*": "Benjamite/from the tribe of Benjamin", "*Hannîḥû*": "leave/let alone/leave undisturbed" } }
• 1 Chr 19:13 : 13 { "verseID": "1 Chronicles.19.13", "source": "חֲזַ֤ק וְנִֽתְחַזְּקָה֙ בְּעַד־עַמֵּ֔נוּ וּבְעַ֖ד עָרֵ֣י אֱלֹהֵ֑ינוּ וַֽיהוָ֔ה הַטּ֥וֹב בְּעֵינָ֖יו יַעֲשֶֽׂה", "text": "Be-*ḥăzaq wə-nitḥazzəqāh* for-*ʿammēnû* and-for *ʿārê ʾĕlōhênû*, *wə-YHWH ha-ṭôb bə-ʿênāyw yaʿăśeh*", "grammar": { "*ḥăzaq*": "qal imperative, masculine singular - be strong", "*wə-nitḥazzəqāh*": "conjunction + hithpael imperfect cohortative, 1st plural - and let us strengthen ourselves", "*ʿammēnû*": "noun, masculine singular with 1st plural suffix - our people", "*ʿārê*": "noun, feminine plural construct - cities of", "*ʾĕlōhênû*": "noun, masculine plural with 1st plural suffix - our God", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - LORD/Yahweh", "*ha-ṭôb*": "definite article + adjective, masculine singular - the good", "*bə-ʿênāyw*": "preposition + noun, dual with 3rd masculine singular suffix - in his eyes", "*yaʿăśeh*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - he will do" }, "variants": { "*ḥăzaq*": "be strong/be courageous/be resolute", "*nitḥazzəqāh*": "let us strengthen ourselves/let us be strong/let us take courage", "*ʿārê ʾĕlōhênû*": "cities of our God/cities belonging to our God", "*ha-ṭôb bə-ʿênāyw*": "what is good in his eyes/what seems good to him" } }
• 2 Chr 32:7 : 7 { "verseID": "2 Chronicles.32.7", "source": "חִזְק֣וּ וְאִמְצ֔וּ אַל־תִּֽירְא֣וּ וְאַל־תֵּחַ֗תּוּ מִפְּנֵי֙ מֶ֣לֶךְ אַשּׁ֔וּר וּמִלִּפְנֵ֖י כָּל־הֶהָמ֣וֹן אֲשֶׁר־עִמּ֑וֹ כִּֽי־עִמָּ֥נוּ רַ֖ב מֵעִמּֽוֹ", "text": "*ḥizqû* *wə-ʾimṣû* not-*tîrəʾû* and-not-*tēḥattû* from-before *meleḵ* *ʾaššûr* and-from-before all-the-*hāmôn* *ʾăšer*-with-him *kî*-with-us *raḇ* from-with-him", "grammar": { "*ḥizqû*": "qal imperative, masculine plural - be strong", "*wə-ʾimṣû*": "conjunction + qal imperative, masculine plural - and be courageous", "*tîrəʾû*": "qal imperfect, 2nd masculine plural (jussive) - fear", "*tēḥattû*": "niphal imperfect, 2nd masculine plural (jussive) - be dismayed/terrified", "*meleḵ*": "masculine singular construct - king of", "*ʾaššûr*": "proper noun - Assyria", "*hāmôn*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - multitude/crowd", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which/that", "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*raḇ*": "adjective, masculine singular - greater/more numerous" }, "variants": { "*ḥizqû*": "be strong/strengthen yourselves", "*ʾimṣû*": "be courageous/strong/bold", "*tēḥattû*": "be dismayed/shattered/terrified", "*hāmôn*": "multitude/crowd/abundance" } }
• Heb 13:6 : 6 { "verseID": "Hebrews.13.6", "source": "Ὥστε θαρροῦντας ἡμᾶς λέγειν, Κύριος ἐμοὶ βοηθός, καὶ οὐ φοβηθήσομαι τί ποιήσει μοι ἄνθρωπος.", "text": "*Hōste* *tharrountas* us *legein*, *Kyrios* to me *boēthos*, *kai* *ou* *phobēthēsomai* what *poiēsei* to me *anthrōpos*.", "grammar": { "*hōste*": "conjunction - so that/therefore", "*tharrountas*": "present, active, participle, accusative, masculine, plural - being confident/courageous", "*legein*": "present, active, infinitive - to say/speak", "*Kyrios*": "nominative, masculine, singular - Lord", "*boēthos*": "nominative, masculine, singular, noun - helper", "*kai*": "conjunction - and", "*ou*": "negative particle - not", "*phobēthēsomai*": "future, passive, indicative, 1st person, singular - I will fear", "*poiēsei*": "future, active, indicative, 3rd person, singular - will do/make", "*anthrōpos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - man/human" }, "variants": { "*tharrountas*": "being confident/courageous/bold/taking courage", "*Kyrios*": "Lord/Master", "*boēthos*": "helper/assistant/aid", "*phobēthēsomai*": "I will fear/be afraid", "*poiēsei*": "will do/make/perform/accomplish", "*anthrōpos*": "man/human/person/mankind" } }
• Josh 1:18 : 18 { "verseID": "Joshua.1.18", "source": "כָּל־אִ֞ישׁ אֲשֶׁר־יַמְרֶ֣ה אֶת־פִּ֗יךָ וְלֹֽא־יִשְׁמַ֧ע אֶת־דְּבָרֶ֛יךָ לְכֹ֥ל אֲשֶׁר־תְּצַוֶּ֖נּוּ יוּמָ֑ת רַ֖ק חֲזַ֥ק וֶאֱמָֽץ", "text": "Any-*ʾîsh* which-*yamreh* *ʾet*-*pîkā* and-not-*yishmaʿ* *ʾet*-*dǝbārêkā* to-all which-*tǝtsawwennû* *yûmāt* only *ḥăzaq* and-*ʾĕmāts*", "grammar": { "*ʾîsh*": "noun, masculine singular - man", "*yamreh*": "hiphil imperfect 3rd masculine singular - he rebels against", "*pîkā*": "noun, masculine singular + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your mouth", "*yishmaʿ*": "qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - he listens to", "*dǝbārêkā*": "noun, masculine plural + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your words", "*tǝtsawwennû*": "piel imperfect 2nd masculine singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - you command him", "*yûmāt*": "hophal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - he shall be put to death", "*ḥăzaq*": "qal imperative masculine singular - be strong", "*ʾĕmāts*": "qal imperative masculine singular - be courageous" }, "variants": { "*ʾîsh*": "man/person/anyone", "*yamreh*": "rebels against/disobeys/defies", "*yishmaʿ*": "listens to/obeys/hearkens to", "*tǝtsawwennû*": "you command him/order him", "*yûmāt*": "shall be put to death/shall be killed", "*ḥăzaq*": "be strong/strengthen/prevail", "*ʾĕmāts*": "be courageous/brave/resolute" } }
• Num 13:20 : 20 { "verseID": "Numbers.13.20", "source": "וּמָ֣ה הָ֠אָרֶץ הַשְּׁמֵנָ֨ה הִ֜וא אִם־רָזָ֗ה הֲיֵֽשׁ־בָּ֥הּ עֵץ֙ אִם־אַ֔יִן וְהִ֨תְחַזַּקְתֶּ֔ם וּלְקַחְתֶּ֖ם מִפְּרִ֣י הָאָ֑רֶץ וְהַ֨יָּמִ֔ים יְמֵ֖י בִּכּוּרֵ֥י עֲנָבִֽים׃", "text": "*û-mâ* *hā-ʾāreṣ* *ha-šəmēnâ* *hîʾ* *ʾim*-*rāzâ* *hă-yēš*-*bāh* *ʿēṣ* *ʾim*-*ʾayin* *wə-hitḥazzaqtem* *û-ləqaḥtem* *mi-pərî* *hā-ʾāreṣ* *wə-ha-yāmîm* *yəmê* *bikkûrê* *ʿănābîm*", "grammar": { "*û-mâ*": "conjunction + interrogative pronoun - and what", "*hā-ʾāreṣ*": "definite article + noun, feminine singular - the land", "*ha-šəmēnâ*": "definite article + adjective, feminine singular - the fat/rich", "*hîʾ*": "personal pronoun, 3rd feminine singular - it", "*ʾim*": "conjunction - or", "*rāzâ*": "adjective, feminine singular - lean/poor", "*hă-yēš*": "interrogative particle + existential particle - is there", "*bāh*": "preposition + 3rd feminine singular suffix - in it", "*ʿēṣ*": "noun, masculine singular - tree", "*ʾim*": "conjunction - or", "*ʾayin*": "negative particle - nothing/none", "*wə-hitḥazzaqtem*": "conjunction + Hithpael perfect, 2nd masculine plural - and strengthen yourselves", "*û-ləqaḥtem*": "conjunction + Qal perfect, 2nd masculine plural - and take", "*mi-pərî*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular construct - from fruit of", "*hā-ʾāreṣ*": "definite article + noun, feminine singular - the land", "*wə-ha-yāmîm*": "conjunction + definite article + noun, masculine plural - and the days", "*yəmê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - days of", "*bikkûrê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - firstfruits of", "*ʿănābîm*": "noun, masculine plural - grapes" }, "variants": { "*šəmēnâ*": "fat/rich/fertile", "*rāzâ*": "lean/poor/thin", "*ʿēṣ*": "tree/wood/timber (metaphorically: resources)", "*hitḥazzaqtem*": "strengthen yourselves/be courageous/take courage", "*bikkûrê*": "firstfruits/first ripe/early ripening" } }