1{
"verseID": "Exodus.3.1",
"source": "וּמֹשֶׁ֗ה הָיָ֥ה רֹעֶ֛ה אֶת־צֹ֛אן יִתְר֥וֹ חֹתְנ֖וֹ כֹּהֵ֣ן מִדְיָ֑ן וַיִּנְהַ֤ג אֶת־הַצֹּאן֙ אַחַ֣ר הַמִּדְבָּ֔ר וַיָּבֹ֛א אֶל־הַ֥ר הָאֱלֹהִ֖ים חֹרֵֽבָה׃",
"text": "And *Mōšeh* *hāyāh* *rō'eh* *ʾet*-*ṣōʾn* *Yitrō* *ḥōtnō* *kōhēn* *Midyān* *wayyinhaḡ* *ʾet*-*haṣṣōʾn* *ʾaḥar* *hammidbār* *wayyāḇōʾ* to-*har* *hāʾĕlōhîm* *Ḥōrēḇāh*.",
"grammar": {
"*Mōšeh*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Moses",
"*hāyāh*": "perfect, 3rd masculine singular - was/became",
"*rō'eh*": "participle, masculine singular - shepherding/tending",
"*ʾet*": "direct object marker - untranslatable particle indicating following noun is direct object",
"*ṣōʾn*": "noun, common feminine singular - flock/sheep",
"*Yitrō*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Jethro",
"*ḥōtnō*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his father-in-law",
"*kōhēn*": "noun, masculine singular construct - priest of",
"*Midyān*": "proper noun - Midian",
"*wayyinhaḡ*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he led/drove",
"*haṣṣōʾn*": "noun, common feminine singular with definite article - the flock",
"*ʾaḥar*": "preposition - behind/after",
"*hammidbār*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the wilderness/desert",
"*wayyāḇōʾ*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he came",
"*har*": "noun, masculine singular construct - mountain of",
"*hāʾĕlōhîm*": "noun, masculine plural with definite article - the God (plural form with singular meaning)",
"*Ḥōrēḇāh*": "proper noun with directional he suffix - to Horeb"
},
"variants": {
"*rō'eh*": "shepherding/tending/feeding",
"*ṣōʾn*": "flock/sheep/small cattle",
"*wayyinhaḡ*": "and he led/drove/guided",
"*ʾaḥar*": "behind/after/beyond",
"*hammidbār*": "the wilderness/desert/uninhabited land",
"*hāʾĕlōhîm*": "the God/gods/divine being"
}
}
2{
"verseID": "Exodus.3.2",
"source": "וַ֠יֵּרָא מַלְאַ֨ךְ יְהֹוָ֥ה אֵלָ֛יו בְּלַבַּת־אֵ֖שׁ מִתּ֣וֹךְ הַסְּנֶ֑ה וַיַּ֗רְא וְהִנֵּ֤ה הַסְּנֶה֙ בֹּעֵ֣ר בָּאֵ֔שׁ וְהַסְּנֶ֖ה אֵינֶ֥נּוּ אֻכָּֽל׃",
"text": "*Wayyērāʾ* *malʾaḵ* *YHWH* *ʾēlāw* in-*labbat*-*ʾēš* from-*tōḵ* *hasseneh* *wayyarʾ* and-*hinnēh* *hasseneh* *bō'ēr* in-*ʾēš* and-*hasseneh* *ʾênennû* *ʾukkāl*.",
"grammar": {
"*Wayyērāʾ*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular, niphal - and he appeared",
"*malʾaḵ*": "noun, masculine singular construct - messenger/angel of",
"*YHWH*": "proper noun - Yahweh/LORD",
"*ʾēlāw*": "preposition with 3rd masculine singular suffix - to him",
"*labbat*": "noun, feminine singular construct with preposition - in flame of",
"*ʾēš*": "noun, feminine singular - fire",
"*tōḵ*": "noun, masculine singular construct with preposition - from midst of",
"*hasseneh*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the bush/bramble",
"*wayyarʾ*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular, qal - and he saw",
"*hinnēh*": "interjection - behold",
"*bō'ēr*": "participle, masculine singular - burning",
"*ʾēš*": "noun, feminine singular with preposition - in fire",
"*ʾênennû*": "particle of negation with 3rd masculine singular suffix - was not",
"*ʾukkāl*": "participle, masculine singular, pual - consumed/devoured"
},
"variants": {
"*malʾaḵ*": "messenger/angel/representative",
"*labbat*": "flame/blaze/heart",
"*tōḵ*": "midst/middle/among",
"*hasseneh*": "the bush/bramble/thornbush",
"*bō'ēr*": "burning/kindled/consuming",
"*ʾukkāl*": "consumed/devoured/eaten"
}
}
3{
"verseID": "Exodus.3.3",
"source": "וַיֹּ֣אמֶר מֹשֶׁ֔ה אָסֻֽרָה־נָּ֣א וְאֶרְאֶ֔ה אֶת־הַמַּרְאֶ֥ה הַגָּדֹ֖ל הַזֶּ֑ה מַדּ֖וּעַ לֹא־יִבְעַ֥ר הַסְּנֶֽה׃",
"text": "*Wayyōʾmer* *Mōšeh* *ʾāsurah*-*nāʾ* and-*ʾerʾeh* *ʾet*-*hammarʾeh* *haggādōl* *hazzeh* *maddûa'* not-*yiḇ'ar* *hasseneh*.",
"grammar": {
"*Wayyōʾmer*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he said",
"*Mōšeh*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Moses",
"*ʾāsurah*": "cohortative, 1st person singular with directional he - let me turn aside",
"*nāʾ*": "particle of entreaty - please",
"*ʾerʾeh*": "imperfect, 1st person singular cohortative - that I may see",
"*ʾet*": "direct object marker",
"*hammarʾeh*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the sight/vision",
"*haggādōl*": "adjective, masculine singular with definite article - the great",
"*hazzeh*": "demonstrative pronoun, masculine singular - this",
"*maddûa'*": "interrogative adverb - why",
"*yiḇ'ar*": "imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - is burning/consumed",
"*hasseneh*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the bush/bramble"
},
"variants": {
"*ʾāsurah*": "let me turn aside/depart/move away",
"*hammarʾeh*": "the sight/vision/appearance",
"*yiḇ'ar*": "is burning/consumed/kindled"
}
}
4{
"verseID": "Exodus.3.4",
"source": "וַיַּ֥רְא יְהוָ֖ה כִּ֣י סָ֣ר לִרְא֑וֹת וַיִּקְרָא֩ אֵלָ֨יו אֱלֹהִ֜ים מִתּ֣וֹךְ הַסְּנֶ֗ה וַיֹּ֛אמֶר מֹשֶׁ֥ה מֹשֶׁ֖ה וַיֹּ֥אמֶר הִנֵּֽנִי׃",
"text": "*Wayyarʾ* *YHWH* that *sār* to-*rʾōt* *wayyiqrāʾ* to-him *ʾĕlōhîm* from-*tōḵ* *hasseneh* *wayyōʾmer* *Mōšeh* *Mōšeh* *wayyōʾmer* *hinnēnî*.",
"grammar": {
"*Wayyarʾ*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he saw",
"*YHWH*": "proper noun - Yahweh/LORD",
"*sār*": "perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he turned aside",
"*rʾōt*": "infinitive construct - to see",
"*wayyiqrāʾ*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he called",
"*ʾĕlōhîm*": "noun, masculine plural - God",
"*tōḵ*": "noun, masculine singular construct - midst of",
"*hasseneh*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the bush",
"*wayyōʾmer*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he said",
"*Mōšeh*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Moses",
"*hinnēnî*": "interjection with 1st person singular suffix - here I am"
},
"variants": {
"*sār*": "turned aside/departed/deviated",
"*tōḵ*": "midst/middle/among",
"*hinnēnî*": "here I am/I am ready/behold me"
}
}
5{
"verseID": "Exodus.3.5",
"source": "וַיֹּ֖אמֶר אַל־תִּקְרַ֣ב הֲלֹ֑ם שַׁל־נְעָלֶ֙יךָ֙ מֵעַ֣ל רַגְלֶ֔יךָ כִּ֣י הַמָּק֗וֹם אֲשֶׁ֤ר אַתָּה֙ עוֹמֵ֣ד עָלָ֔יו אַדְמַת־קֹ֖דֶשׁ הֽוּא׃",
"text": "*Wayyōʾmer* not-*tiqraḇ* *hălōm* *šal*-*ne'āleḵā* from-*'al* *raḡleḵā* for *hammāqōm* that *ʾattāh* *'ōmēd* *'ālāw* *ʾadmat*-*qōdeš* *hûʾ*.",
"grammar": {
"*Wayyōʾmer*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he said",
"*tiqraḇ*": "imperfect, 2nd masculine singular, jussive - come near",
"*hălōm*": "adverb - here/hither",
"*šal*": "imperative, masculine singular - take off",
"*ne'āleḵā*": "noun, feminine dual with 2nd masculine singular suffix - your sandals",
"*'al*": "preposition - from upon",
"*raḡleḵā*": "noun, feminine dual with 2nd masculine singular suffix - your feet",
"*hammāqōm*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the place",
"*ʾattāh*": "pronoun, 2nd masculine singular - you",
"*'ōmēd*": "participle, masculine singular - standing",
"*'ālāw*": "preposition with 3rd masculine singular suffix - on it",
"*ʾadmat*": "noun, feminine singular construct - ground of",
"*qōdeš*": "noun, masculine singular - holiness/sacredness",
"*hûʾ*": "pronoun, 3rd masculine singular - it"
},
"variants": {
"*tiqraḇ*": "come near/approach/draw near",
"*hălōm*": "here/hither/this way",
"*šal*": "take off/remove/draw off",
"*hammāqōm*": "the place/location/site",
"*'ōmēd*": "standing/remaining/positioned",
"*ʾadmat*": "ground/soil/earth of"
}
}
6{
"verseID": "Exodus.3.6",
"source": "וַיֹּ֗אמֶר אָנֹכִי֙ אֱלֹהֵ֣י אָבִ֔יךָ אֱלֹהֵ֧י אַבְרָהָ֛ם אֱלֹהֵ֥י יִצְחָ֖ק וֵאלֹהֵ֣י יַעֲקֹ֑ב וַיַּסְתֵּ֤ר מֹשֶׁה֙ פָּנָ֔יו כִּ֣י יָרֵ֔א מֵהַבִּ֖יט אֶל־הָאֱלֹהִֽים׃",
"text": "*Wayyōʾmer* *ʾānōḵî* *ʾĕlōhê* *ʾāḇîḵā* *ʾĕlōhê* *ʾAḇrāhām* *ʾĕlōhê* *Yiṣḥāq* and-*ʾĕlōhê* *Ya'ăqōḇ* *wayyastēr* *Mōšeh* *pānāw* for *yārēʾ* from-*habbiṭ* to-*hāʾĕlōhîm*.",
"grammar": {
"*Wayyōʾmer*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he said",
"*ʾānōḵî*": "pronoun, 1st person singular - I",
"*ʾĕlōhê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - God of",
"*ʾāḇîḵā*": "noun, masculine singular with 2nd masculine singular suffix - your father",
"*ʾAḇrāhām*": "proper noun - Abraham",
"*Yiṣḥāq*": "proper noun - Isaac",
"*Ya'ăqōḇ*": "proper noun - Jacob",
"*wayyastēr*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular, hiphil - and he hid",
"*Mōšeh*": "proper noun - Moses",
"*pānāw*": "noun, masculine plural with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his face",
"*yārēʾ*": "perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he feared/was afraid",
"*habbiṭ*": "infinitive construct, hiphil with preposition - from looking",
"*hāʾĕlōhîm*": "noun, masculine plural with definite article - the God"
},
"variants": {
"*ʾĕlōhê*": "God of/deity of",
"*wayyastēr*": "and he hid/concealed/covered",
"*pānāw*": "his face/presence/countenance",
"*yārēʾ*": "feared/was afraid/was in awe",
"*habbiṭ*": "looking/gazing/beholding"
}
}
7{
"verseID": "Exodus.3.7",
"source": "וַיֹּ֣אמֶר יְהוָ֔ה רָאֹ֥ה רָאִ֛יתִי אֶת־עֳנִ֥י עַמִּ֖י אֲשֶׁ֣ר בְּמִצְרָ֑יִם וְאֶת־צַעֲקָתָ֤ם שָׁמַ֙עְתִּי֙ מִפְּנֵ֣י נֹֽגְשָׂ֔יו כִּ֥י יָדַ֖עְתִּי אֶת־מַכְאֹבָֽיו׃",
"text": "*Wayyōʾmer* *YHWH* *rāʾōh* *rāʾîtî* *ʾet*-*'ŏnî* *'ammî* that in-*Miṣrayim* and-*ʾet*-*ṣa'ăqātām* *šāma'tî* from-*penê* *nōḡśāyw* for *yāda'tî* *ʾet*-*maḵʾōḇāyw*.",
"grammar": {
"*Wayyōʾmer*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he said",
"*YHWH*": "proper noun - Yahweh/LORD",
"*rāʾōh*": "infinitive absolute - seeing",
"*rāʾîtî*": "perfect, 1st person singular - I have seen",
"*'ŏnî*": "noun, masculine singular construct - affliction of",
"*'ammî*": "noun, masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix - my people",
"*Miṣrayim*": "proper noun - Egypt",
"*ṣa'ăqātām*": "noun, feminine singular with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their cry",
"*šāma'tî*": "perfect, 1st person singular - I have heard",
"*penê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - face/presence of",
"*nōḡśāyw*": "participle, masculine plural with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his taskmasters",
"*yāda'tî*": "perfect, 1st person singular - I know",
"*maḵʾōḇāyw*": "noun, masculine plural with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his sufferings/pains"
},
"variants": {
"*rāʾōh* *rāʾîtî*": "I have surely seen/I have indeed seen/I have definitely seen",
"*'ŏnî*": "affliction/suffering/distress",
"*nōḡśāyw*": "his taskmasters/oppressors/overseers",
"*maḵʾōḇāyw*": "his sufferings/pains/sorrows"
}
}