Amos 8:4

biblecontext

{ "verseID": "Amos.8.4", "source": "שִׁמְעוּ־זֹ֕את הַשֹּׁאֲפִ֖ים אֶבְי֑וֹן וְלַשְׁבִּ֖ית *ענוי־**עֲנִיֵּי־אָֽרֶץ׃", "text": "*šimʿû* this the *šōʾăpîm* *ʾebyôn* and *wəlašbît* *ʿăniyyê* *ʾāreṣ*", "grammar": { "*šimʿû*": "qal imperative, masculine plural - hear/listen", "*zōʾt*": "demonstrative pronoun, feminine singular - this", "*haššōʾăpîm*": "definite article + qal participle, masculine plural - the ones panting after/trampling", "*ʾebyôn*": "noun, masculine singular - needy/poor person", "*wə-*": "conjunction - and", "*lašbît*": "preposition + hiphil infinitive construct - to cause to cease/destroy", "*ʿăniyyê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - poor/afflicted of", "*ʾāreṣ*": "noun, feminine singular - land/earth" }, "variants": { "*šōʾăpîm*": "panting after/trampling/crushing/swallowing up", "*ʾebyôn*": "needy/poor/destitute person", "*lašbît*": "to cause to cease/to make an end of/to destroy", "*ʿăniyyê*": "poor/afflicted/humble", "*ʾāreṣ*": "land/earth/ground/country" } }

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

שִׁמְעוּ־זֹ֕את הַשֹּׁאֲפִ֖ים אֶבְי֑וֹן וְלַשְׁבִּ֖ית *ענוי־**עֲנִיֵּי־אָֽרֶץ׃

Transliteration

šimʿû this the šōʾăpîm ʾebyôn and wəlašbît ʿăniyyê ʾāreṣ

Grammar Details

• *šimʿû*: qal imperative, masculine plural - hear/listen
• *zōʾt*: demonstrative pronoun, feminine singular - this
• *haššōʾăpîm*: definite article + qal participle, masculine plural - the ones panting after/trampling
• *ʾebyôn*: noun, masculine singular - needy/poor person
• *wə-*: conjunction - and
• *lašbît*: preposition + hiphil infinitive construct - to cause to cease/destroy
• *ʿăniyyê*: noun, masculine plural construct - poor/afflicted of
• *ʾāreṣ*: noun, feminine singular - land/earth

Word Meanings

• *šōʾăpîm*: panting after/trampling/crushing/swallowing up
• *ʾebyôn*: needy/poor/destitute person
• *lašbît*: to cause to cease/to make an end of/to destroy
• *ʿăniyyê*: poor/afflicted/humble
• *ʾāreṣ*: land/earth/ground/country

Other Translations

• Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts

  Hear this, you who trample on the needy and seek to destroy the poor of the land,

• King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)

  Hear this, O ye that swallow up the needy, even to make the poor of the land to fail,

• KJV1611 – Modern English

  Hear this, you who swallow up the needy, even to make the poor of the land fail,

• King James Version 1611 (Original)

  Hear this, O ye that swallow up the needy, even to make the poor of the land to fail,

• American Standard Version with Strong's Numbers

  Hear this, O ye that would swallow up the needy, and cause the poor of the land to fail,

• King James Version with Strong's Numbers

  Hear this, O ye that swallow up the needy, even to make the poor of the land to fail,

• Coverdale Bible (1535)

  Heare this, O ye yt oppresse the poore, and destroye the nedy in ye londe, sayenge:

• Geneva Bible (1560)

  Heare this, O yee that swallowe vp the poore, that ye may make the needie of the lande to fayle,

• Bishops' Bible (1568)

  Heare this, O ye that swallow vp the poore, that ye may make the needy of the lande to fayle,

• Authorized King James Version (1611)

  ¶ Hear this, O ye that swallow up the needy, even to make the poor of the land to fail,

• Webster's Bible (1833)

  Hear this, you who desire to swallow up the needy, And cause the poor of the land to fail,

• Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

  Hear this, ye who are swallowing up the needy, To cause to cease the poor of the land,

• American Standard Version (1901)

  Hear this, O ye that would swallow up the needy, and cause the poor of the land to fail,

• American Standard Version (1901)

  Hear this, O ye that would swallow up the needy, and cause the poor of the land to fail,

• Bible in Basic English (1941)

  Give ear to this, you who are crushing the poor, and whose purpose is to put an end to those who are in need in the land,

• World English Bible (2000)

  Hear this, you who desire to swallow up the needy, and cause the poor of the land to fail,

• NET Bible® (New English Translation)

  Listen to this, you who trample the needy, and do away with the destitute in the land.

Referenced Verses

• Ps 14:4 : 4 { "verseID": "Psalms.14.4", "source": "הֲלֹ֥א יָדְעוּ֮ כָּל־פֹּ֢עֲלֵ֫י אָ֥וֶן אֹכְלֵ֣י עַ֭מִּי אָ֣כְלוּ לֶ֑חֶם יְ֝הוָ֗ה לֹ֣א קָרָֽאוּ׃", "text": "Do they not *yādəʿû*, all *pōʿălê ʾāwen*, *ʾōkəlê ʿammî* as they *ʾākəlû* *leḥem*, *YHWH* they do not *qārāʾû*?", "grammar": { "*yādəʿû*": "qal perfect 3rd plural - they know/have known", "*pōʿălê ʾāwen*": "construct masculine plural noun + masculine singular noun - workers of iniquity", "*ʾōkəlê ʿammî*": "qal participle masculine plural construct + noun + 1st singular suffix - eaters of my people", "*ʾākəlû*": "qal perfect 3rd plural - they have eaten/consumed", "*leḥem*": "masculine singular noun - bread/food", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - the LORD/Yahweh", "*qārāʾû*": "qal perfect 3rd plural - they call upon/invoke" }, "variants": { "*pōʿălê ʾāwen*": "workers of iniquity/evildoers/those who practice evil", "*leḥem*": "bread/food/meal", "*qārāʾû*": "call upon/invoke/cry out to" } }
• Prov 30:14 : 14 { "verseID": "Proverbs.30.14", "source": "דּ֤וֹר ׀ חֲרָב֣וֹת שִׁנָּיו֮ וּֽמַאֲכָל֢וֹת מְֽתַלְּעֹ֫תָ֥יו לֶאֱכֹ֣ל עֲנִיִּ֣ים מֵאֶ֑רֶץ וְ֝אֶבְיוֹנִ֗ים מֵאָדָֽם׃ פ", "text": "*Dôr* *ḥărābôt* *šinnāyw* *ûmaʾăḵālôt* *metalleʿōtāyw* *leʾĕḵōl* *ʿăniyyîm* *mēʾereṣ* *weʾebyônîm* *mēʾādām*", "grammar": { "*Dôr*": "masculine singular noun - generation", "*ḥărābôt*": "feminine plural noun - swords", "*šinnāyw*": "feminine plural noun + third person masculine singular suffix - his teeth", "*ûmaʾăḵālôt*": "conjunction + feminine plural noun - and knives", "*metalleʿōtāyw*": "feminine plural noun + third person masculine singular suffix - his jaw teeth/molars", "*leʾĕḵōl*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct - to devour", "*ʿăniyyîm*": "masculine plural adjective/noun - poor/afflicted ones", "*mēʾereṣ*": "preposition + feminine singular noun - from the earth/land", "*weʾebyônîm*": "conjunction + masculine plural adjective/noun - and needy ones", "*mēʾādām*": "preposition + masculine singular noun - from mankind/humanity" }, "variants": { "*ḥărābôt*": "swords/daggers/cutting instruments", "*metalleʿōtāyw*": "his jaw teeth/molars/fangs", "*ʿăniyyîm*": "poor/afflicted/humble/weak ones" } }
• Amos 5:11 : 11 { "verseID": "Amos.5.11", "source": "לָ֠כֵן יַ֣עַן בּוֹשַׁסְכֶ֞ם עַל־דָּ֗ל וּמַשְׂאַת־בַּר֙ תִּקְח֣וּ מִמֶּ֔נּוּ בָּתֵּ֥י גָזִ֛ית בְּנִיתֶ֖ם וְלֹא־תֵ֣שְׁבוּ בָ֑ם כַּרְמֵי־חֶ֣מֶד נְטַעְתֶּ֔ם וְלֹ֥א תִשְׁתּ֖וּ אֶת־יֵינָֽם׃", "text": "Therefore because *bôshasəkhem* upon-*dāl* and-*maśʾat-bar* *tiqḥû* from-him, *bāttê* *gāzît* *bənîtem* and-not-*tēshəbû* in-them; *karmê*-*ḥemed* *nəṭaʿtem* and-not-*tishtû* *ʾet*-wine-of-them", "grammar": { "*bôshasəkhem*": "infinitive construct, poel + 2nd masculine plural suffix - your trampling", "*dāl*": "adjective used as noun, masculine singular - poor/weak", "*maśʾat-bar*": "construct chain, feminine + masculine - tribute of grain", "*tiqḥû*": "imperfect, qal, 2nd masculine plural - you take", "*bāttê*": "construct plural of *bayit* - houses of", "*gāzît*": "noun, feminine singular - hewn stone", "*bənîtem*": "perfect, qal, 2nd masculine plural - you have built", "*tēshəbû*": "imperfect, qal, 2nd masculine plural - you will dwell", "*karmê*": "construct plural of *kerem* - vineyards of", "*ḥemed*": "noun, masculine singular - delight/desire", "*nəṭaʿtem*": "perfect, qal, 2nd masculine plural - you have planted", "*tishtû*": "imperfect, qal, 2nd masculine plural - you will drink" }, "variants": { "*bôshasəkhem*": "your trampling/your treading down", "*dāl*": "poor/weak/thin/needy person", "*maśʾat-bar*": "grain tax/tribute of wheat", "*gāzît*": "hewn stone/cut stone", "*ḥemed*": "delight/desire/pleasant" } }
• Amos 7:16 : 16 { "verseID": "Amos.7.16", "source": "וְעַתָּ֖ה שְׁמַ֣ע דְּבַר־יְהוָ֑ה אַתָּ֣ה אֹמֵ֗ר לֹ֤א תִנָּבֵא֙ עַל־יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל וְלֹ֥א תַטִּ֖יף עַל־בֵּ֥ית יִשְׂחָֽק׃", "text": "And-now *šəmaʿ* *debar*-*YHWH* *ʾattāh* *ʾōmēr* *lōʾ* *tinnābēʾ* *ʿal*-*yiśrāʾēl* and-*lōʾ* *taṭṭîp* *ʿal*-*bêt* *yiśḥāq*.", "grammar": { "*weʿattāh*": "conjunction with adverb - and now", "*šəmaʿ*": "qal imperative, masc. singular - hear/listen", "*debar*": "noun, masc. singular construct - word of", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - the divine name", "*ʾattāh*": "2nd masc. singular pronoun - you", "*ʾōmēr*": "qal participle, masc. singular - saying", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*tinnābēʾ*": "niphal imperfect, 2nd masc. singular - you shall prophesy", "*ʿal*": "preposition - against/concerning", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*taṭṭîp*": "hiphil imperfect, 2nd masc. singular - you shall drip/preach", "*bêt*": "noun, masc. singular construct - house of", "*yiśḥāq*": "proper noun - Isaac" }, "variants": { "*taṭṭîp*": "drip/preach/prophesy" } }
• Matt 23:13 : 13 { "verseID": "Matthew.23.13", "source": "¶Οὐαὶ δὲ ὑμῖν, γραμματεῖς καὶ Φαρισαῖοι, ὑποκριταί! ὅτι κλείετε τὴν βασιλείαν τῶν οὐρανῶν ἔμπροσθεν τῶν ἀνθρώπων: ὑμεῖς γὰρ οὐκ εἰσέρχεσθε, οὐδὲ τοὺς εἰσερχομένους ἀφίετε εἰσελθεῖν.", "text": "*Ouai* *de* to-you, *grammateis* and *Pharisaioi*, *hypokritai*! because *kleiete* the *basileian* of-the *ouranōn* *emprosthen* of-the *anthrōpōn*: you *gar* not *eiserchesthe*, *oude* the ones *eiserchomenous* *aphiete* *eiselthein*.", "grammar": { "*Ouai*": "interjection - woe/alas", "*de*": "conjunctive particle - but/and", "*hymin*": "dative, plural - to you (indirect object)", "*grammateis*": "vocative, masculine, plural - scribes (direct address)", "*Pharisaioi*": "vocative, masculine, plural - Pharisees (direct address)", "*hypokritai*": "vocative, masculine, plural - hypocrites (direct address)", "*hoti*": "conjunction - because/that/since", "*kleiete*": "present, active, indicative, 2nd person plural - you shut/close", "*basileian*": "accusative, feminine, singular - kingdom", "*ouranōn*": "genitive, masculine, plural - of heavens", "*emprosthen*": "preposition with genitive - before/in front of", "*anthrōpōn*": "genitive, masculine, plural - of men/people", "*hymeis*": "nominative, plural - emphatic you (subject)", "*gar*": "conjunction - for/because", "*ouk eiserchesthe*": "present, middle, indicative, 2nd person plural with negative - you do not enter", "*oude*": "negative conjunction - nor/neither/and not", "*eiserchomenous*": "present, middle, participle, accusative, masculine, plural - the ones entering", "*aphiete*": "present, active, indicative, 2nd person plural - you permit/allow", "*eiselthein*": "aorist, active, infinitive - to enter" }, "variants": { "*Ouai*": "woe/alas/grief", "*grammateis*": "scribes/scholars/experts in law", "*Pharisaioi*": "Pharisees/separated ones", "*hypokritai*": "hypocrites/actors/pretenders", "*kleiete*": "shut/close/lock", "*basileian*": "kingdom/reign/rule", "*ouranōn*": "heavens/sky/celestial realm", "*eiserchesthe*": "enter/go in", "*aphiete*": "permit/allow/let", "*eiselthein*": "to enter/go in" } }
• Jas 5:6 : 6 { "verseID": "James.5.6", "source": "Κατεδικάσατε ἐφονεύσατε τὸν δίκαιον· οὐκ ἀντιτάσσεται ὑμῖν.", "text": "*Katedikasate ephoneusate ton dikaion*; *ouk antitassetai* you.", "grammar": { "*Katedikasate*": "aorist active, 2nd plural - you have condemned", "*ephoneusate*": "aorist active, 2nd plural - you have murdered/killed", "*ton dikaion*": "accusative, masculine, singular - the righteous/just (one)", "*ouk*": "negative particle - not", "*antitassetai*": "present middle, 3rd singular - he resists/opposes", "you": "dative, 2nd plural - to/against you" }, "variants": { "*Katedikasate*": "you have condemned/pronounced judgment against", "*ephoneusate*": "you have murdered/killed", "*ton dikaion*": "the righteous/just (one) (could be collective singular)", "*antitassetai*": "he resists/opposes/stands against" } }
• Isa 1:10 : 10 { "verseID": "Isaiah.1.10", "source": "שִׁמְע֥וּ דְבַר־יְהוָ֖ה קְצִינֵ֣י סְדֹ֑ם הַאֲזִ֛ינוּ תּוֹרַ֥ת אֱלֹהֵ֖ינוּ עַ֥ם עֲמֹרָֽה׃", "text": "*šim'û* *dᵉbar*-*YHWH* *qᵉṣînê* *sᵉdōm* *haʾăzînû* *tôrat* *ʾĕlōhênû* *'am* *'ămōrâ*", "grammar": { "*šim'û*": "verb, qal imperative, masculine plural - hear", "*dᵉbar*": "noun, masculine singular construct - word of", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - LORD/Yahweh", "*qᵉṣînê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - rulers of", "*sᵉdōm*": "proper noun - Sodom", "*haʾăzînû*": "verb, hifil imperative, masculine plural - give ear to", "*tôrat*": "noun, feminine singular construct - law/instruction of", "*ʾĕlōhênû*": "noun, masculine plural + 1st person plural suffix - our God", "*'am*": "noun, masculine singular construct - people of", "*'ămōrâ*": "proper noun - Gomorrah" }, "variants": { "*šim'û*": "hear/listen/obey", "*dᵉbar*": "word/message/command", "*qᵉṣînê*": "rulers/chiefs/commanders", "*haʾăzînû*": "give ear to/listen attentively/pay attention to", "*tôrat*": "law/instruction/teaching/direction" } }
• Isa 28:14 : 14 { "verseID": "Isaiah.28.14", "source": "לָכֵן שִׁמְעוּ דְבַר־יְהוָה אַנְשֵׁי לָצוֹן מֹשְׁלֵי הָעָם הַזֶּה אֲשֶׁר בִּירוּשָׁלִָם", "text": "Therefore *šimʿû* *dəḇar*-*YHWH* *ʾanšēy* *lāṣôn* *mōšəlēy* *hāʿām* *hazzeh* *ʾăšer* in-*Yərûšālāim*", "grammar": { "*šimʿû*": "qal imperative masculine plural - hear", "*dəḇar*": "masculine singular construct - word of", "*YHWH*": "divine name - LORD", "*ʾanšēy*": "masculine plural construct - men of", "*lāṣôn*": "masculine singular noun - scorn/mockery", "*mōšəlēy*": "qal participle masculine plural construct - rulers of", "*hāʿām*": "definite article + masculine singular noun - the people", "*hazzeh*": "definite article + demonstrative pronoun - this", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which/that", "*Yərûšālāim*": "proper noun - Jerusalem" }, "variants": { "*ʾanšēy*": "men of/leaders of", "*lāṣôn*": "scorn/mockery/scoffing", "*mōšəlēy*": "rulers of/governors of" } }
• Isa 32:6-7 : 6 { "verseID": "Isaiah.32.6", "source": "כִּ֤י נָבָל֙ נְבָלָ֣ה יְדַבֵּ֔ר וְלִבּ֖וֹ יַעֲשֶׂה־אָ֑וֶן לַעֲשׂ֣וֹת חֹ֗נֶף וּלְדַבֵּ֤ר אֶל־יְהוָה֙ תּוֹעָ֔ה לְהָרִיק֙ נֶ֣פֶשׁ רָעֵ֔ב וּמַשְׁקֶ֥ה צָמֵ֖א יַחְסִֽיר׃", "text": "For *nābāl* *nəbālâ* shall-*dābar*, and-*lēb*-his shall-*ʿāśâ*-*ʾāwen*, to-*ʿāśâ* *ḥōnep* and-to-*dābar* to-*YHWH* *tôʿâ*, to-*rîq* *nepeš* *rāʿēb* and-*mašqê* *ṣāmēʾ* shall-*ḥāsēr*.", "grammar": { "*nābāl*": "masculine singular noun - fool, senseless person", "*nəbālâ*": "feminine singular noun - foolishness, senselessness", "*dābar*": "piel imperfect 3rd masculine singular - will speak", "*lēb*": "masculine singular noun construct with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his heart", "*ʿāśâ*": "qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - will do, make", "*ʾāwen*": "masculine singular noun - iniquity, wickedness", "*ʿāśâ*": "qal infinitive construct - to do, practice", "*ḥōnep*": "masculine singular noun - godlessness, hypocrisy", "*dābar*": "piel infinitive construct - to speak", "*YHWH*": "proper name - Yahweh, LORD", "*tôʿâ*": "feminine singular noun - error, wandering", "*rîq*": "hiphil infinitive construct - to empty, make empty", "*nepeš*": "feminine singular noun construct - soul, life, person", "*rāʿēb*": "adjective masculine singular - hungry", "*mašqê*": "noun masculine singular construct - drink", "*ṣāmēʾ*": "adjective masculine singular - thirsty", "*ḥāsēr*": "hiphil imperfect 3rd masculine singular - will cause to lack, withhold" }, "variants": { "*nābāl*": "fool/senseless person/morally deficient person", "*nəbālâ*": "foolishness/senselessness/disgraceful things", "*dābar*": "to speak/talk/utter", "*lēb*": "heart/mind/inner person", "*ʿāśâ*": "to do/make/accomplish", "*ʾāwen*": "iniquity/wickedness/trouble", "*ḥōnep*": "godlessness/hypocrisy/profaneness", "*YHWH*": "Yahweh/LORD/the Divine Name", "*tôʿâ*": "error/wandering/confusion", "*rîq*": "to empty/make empty/leave unsatisfied", "*nepeš*": "soul/life/person/appetite", "*rāʿēb*": "hungry person/famished one", "*mašqê*": "drink/beverage", "*ṣāmēʾ*": "thirsty person/parched one", "*ḥāsēr*": "to cause to lack/withhold/deprive" } } 7 { "verseID": "Isaiah.32.7", "source": "וְכֵלַ֖י כֵּלָ֣יו רָעִ֑ים ה֚וּא זִמּ֣וֹת יָעָ֔ץ לְחַבֵּ֤ל *ענוים **עֲנִיִּים֙ בְּאִמְרֵי־שֶׁ֔קֶר וּבְדַבֵּ֥ר אֶבְי֖וֹן מִשְׁפָּֽט׃", "text": "And-*kēlay* instruments-his *rāʿîm*; he *zimmôt* shall-*yāʿaṣ* to-*ḥābal* *ʿăniyîm* with-*ʾimrê*-*šeqer* and-in-*dābar* *ʾebyôn* *mišpāṭ*.", "grammar": { "*kēlay*": "masculine singular noun construct - vessels, instruments", "*kēlāyw*": "masculine plural noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his instruments, tools", "*rāʿîm*": "adjective masculine plural - evil, bad", "*zimmôt*": "feminine plural noun - schemes, plans", "*yāʿaṣ*": "qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - will plan, devise", "*ḥābal*": "piel infinitive construct - to destroy, ruin", "*ʿăniyîm*": "adjective masculine plural - poor, afflicted ones", "*ʾimrê*": "masculine plural noun construct - words, sayings", "*šeqer*": "masculine singular noun - lie, falsehood", "*dābar*": "piel infinitive construct with preposition - in speaking", "*ʾebyôn*": "adjective masculine singular - needy, poor", "*mišpāṭ*": "masculine singular noun - judgment, justice" }, "variants": { "*kēlay*": "vessels/instruments/tools/weapons", "*rāʿîm*": "evil/bad/wicked", "*zimmôt*": "schemes/plans/evil devices", "*yāʿaṣ*": "to plan/devise/counsel", "*ḥābal*": "to destroy/ruin/damage", "*ʿăniyîm*": "poor ones/afflicted ones/humble people", "*ʾimrê*": "words of/sayings of/speeches of", "*šeqer*": "lie/falsehood/deception", "*dābar*": "speaking/talking", "*ʾebyôn*": "needy person/poor person/beggar", "*mišpāṭ*": "judgment/justice/legal right" } }
• Jer 5:21 : 21 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.5.21", "source": "שִׁמְעוּ־נָ֣א זֹ֔את עַ֥ם סָכָ֖ל וְאֵ֣ין לֵ֑ב עֵינַ֤יִם לָהֶם֙ וְלֹ֣א יִרְא֔וּ אָזְנַ֥יִם לָהֶ֖ם וְלֹ֥א יִשְׁמָֽעוּ׃", "text": "*Šim'û*-*nā'* this, *'am* *sākāl* and without *lēb*; *'ênayim* to them and not they *yir'û*, *'āznayim* to them and not they *yišmā'û*.", "grammar": { "*šim'û*": "imperative, masculine plural - hear", "*nā'*": "particle - please (politeness marker)", "*zō't*": "demonstrative pronoun, feminine singular - this", "*'am*": "noun, masculine singular - people", "*sākāl*": "adjective, masculine singular - foolish", "*wə*": "conjunction - and", "*'ên*": "negative particle - there is not", "*lēb*": "noun, masculine singular - heart", "*'ênayim*": "noun, dual - eyes", "*lāhem*": "preposition + 3rd masculine plural suffix - to them", "*wə*": "conjunction - and", "*lō'*": "negative particle - not", "*yir'û*": "imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - they see", "*'āznayim*": "noun, dual - ears", "*lāhem*": "preposition + 3rd masculine plural suffix - to them", "*wə*": "conjunction - and", "*lō'*": "negative particle - not", "*yišmā'û*": "imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - they hear" }, "variants": { "*'am sākāl*": "foolish people/senseless nation", "*'ên lēb*": "without heart/without understanding/mindless", "*yir'û*": "they see/perceive/understand", "*yišmā'û*": "they hear/listen/obey" } }
• Jer 28:15 : 15 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.28.15", "source": "וַיֹּ֨אמֶר יִרְמְיָ֧ה הַנָּבִ֛יא אֶל־חֲנַנְיָ֥ה הַנָּבִ֖יא שְׁמַֽע־נָ֣א חֲנַנְיָ֑ה לֹֽא־שְׁלָחֲךָ֣ יְהוָ֔ה וְאַתָּ֗ה הִבְטַ֛חְתָּ אֶת־הָעָ֥ם הַזֶּ֖ה עַל־שָֽׁקֶר", "text": "*wa-yōʾmer* *yirmyâ* the-*nābîʾ* to-*ḥănanyâ* the-*nābîʾ* *šəmaʿ*-*nāʾ* *ḥănanyâ* not-*šəlāḥăkā* *YHWH* and-*ʾattâ* *hibṭaḥtā* *ʾet*-the-*ʿām* the-*zeh* upon-*šāqer*", "grammar": { "*wa-yōʾmer*": "conjunction + qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he said", "*yirmyâ*": "proper noun - Jeremiah", "*nābîʾ*": "noun, masculine singular - prophet", "*ḥănanyâ*": "proper noun - Hananiah", "*šəmaʿ*": "qal imperative masculine singular - hear/listen", "*nāʾ*": "particle of entreaty - please/now", "*šəlāḥăkā*": "qal perfect 3rd masculine singular + 2nd masculine singular suffix - he sent you", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - LORD/Yahweh", "*ʾattâ*": "personal pronoun, 2nd masculine singular - you", "*hibṭaḥtā*": "hiphil perfect 2nd masculine singular - you have made trust", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*ʿām*": "noun, masculine singular - people", "*zeh*": "demonstrative pronoun, masculine singular - this", "*šāqer*": "noun, masculine singular - lie/falsehood" }, "variants": { "*nābîʾ*": "prophet/one who speaks for God", "*šəmaʿ*": "hear/listen/pay attention", "*nāʾ*": "please/now/I pray", "*šəlāḥăkā*": "he sent you/he commissioned you", "*hibṭaḥtā*": "you have made to trust/you have caused to rely", "*ʿām*": "people/nation/crowd", "*šāqer*": "lie/falsehood/deception" } }
• Amos 2:6-7 : 6 { "verseID": "Amos.2.6", "source": "כֹּ֚ה אָמַ֣ר יְהוָ֔ה עַל־שְׁלֹשָׁה֙ פִּשְׁעֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל וְעַל־אַרְבָּעָ֖ה לֹ֣א אֲשִׁיבֶ֑נּוּ עַל־מִכְרָ֤ם בַּכֶּ֙סֶף֙ צַדִּ֔יק וְאֶבְי֖וֹן בַּעֲב֥וּר נַעֲלָֽיִם׃", "text": "*kōh ʾāmar YHWH* upon-*šəlōšāh pišʿê yiśrāʾēl wə*-upon-*ʾarbāʿāh lōʾ ʾăšîbennû* upon-*mikrām bakkesep ṣaddîq wə-ʾebyôn baʿăbûr naʿălāyim*", "grammar": { "*kōh*": "adverb - thus/so", "*ʾāmar*": "perfect, 3rd masculine singular - said/speaks", "*YHWH*": "divine name - Yahweh/LORD", "*šəlōšāh*": "cardinal number, masculine - three", "*pišʿê*": "construct masculine plural of *pešaʿ* - transgressions/rebellions of", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*wə*": "conjunction - and", "*ʾarbāʿāh*": "cardinal number, masculine - four", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*ʾăšîbennû*": "hiphil imperfect 1st singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - I will not turn it back/revoke it", "*mikrām*": "infinitive construct with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their selling", "*bakkesep*": "preposition + definite article + masculine singular - for the silver/money", "*ṣaddîq*": "masculine singular adjective - righteous person", "*wə-ʾebyôn*": "conjunction + masculine singular - and needy/poor", "*baʿăbûr*": "preposition + masculine singular - for the sake of/because of", "*naʿălāyim*": "feminine dual - pair of sandals" }, "variants": { "*pišʿê*": "transgressions/rebellions/crimes", "*ʾăšîbennû*": "I will not turn it back/revoke it/reverse it", "*mikrām*": "their selling/their trading", "*kesep*": "silver/money/payment", "*ṣaddîq*": "righteous person/innocent person/just person", "*ʾebyôn*": "needy/poor/destitute", "*baʿăbûr*": "for the sake of/because of/on account of", "*naʿălāyim*": "pair of sandals/shoes (implying something of little value)" } } 7 { "verseID": "Amos.2.7", "source": "הַשֹּׁאֲפִ֤ים עַל־עֲפַר־אֶ֙רֶץ֙ בְּרֹ֣אשׁ דַּלִּ֔ים וְדֶ֥רֶךְ עֲנָוִ֖ים יַטּ֑וּ וְאִ֣ישׁ וְאָבִ֗יו יֵֽלְכוּ֙ אֶל־הַֽנַּעֲרָ֔ה לְמַ֥עַן חַלֵּ֖ל אֶת־שֵׁ֥ם קָדְשִֽׁי׃", "text": "*haššōʾăpîm ʿal-ʿăpar-ʾereṣ bərōʾš dallîm wə-derek ʿănāwîm yaṭṭû wə-ʾîš wə-ʾābîw yēlkû ʾel-hannaʿărāh ləmaʿan ḥallēl ʾet-šēm qodšî*", "grammar": { "*haššōʾăpîm*": "definite article + qal participle masculine plural - the ones panting after/trampling upon", "*ʿal-ʿăpar-ʾereṣ*": "preposition + masculine construct + feminine singular - upon dust of earth", "*bərōʾš*": "preposition + masculine singular construct - on head of", "*dallîm*": "masculine plural adjective - poor/weak ones", "*wə-derek*": "conjunction + masculine singular construct - and way/path of", "*ʿănāwîm*": "masculine plural adjective - humble/afflicted ones", "*yaṭṭû*": "hiphil imperfect 3rd masculine plural - they turn aside/pervert", "*wə-ʾîš*": "conjunction + masculine singular - and a man", "*wə-ʾābîw*": "conjunction + masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - and his father", "*yēlkû*": "qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural - they go/walk", "*ʾel-hannaʿărāh*": "preposition + definite article + feminine singular - to the young woman/girl", "*ləmaʿan*": "conjunction - in order to", "*ḥallēl*": "piel infinitive construct - profane/defile", "*ʾet-šēm*": "direct object marker + masculine singular construct - the name of", "*qodšî*": "masculine singular with 1st singular suffix - my holiness" }, "variants": { "*šōʾăpîm*": "those who pant after/those who trample upon/those who crush", "*ʿăpar-ʾereṣ*": "dust of earth/soil/ground", "*dallîm*": "poor/weak/lowly/helpless", "*derek*": "way/path/conduct", "*ʿănāwîm*": "humble/afflicted/oppressed/meek", "*yaṭṭû*": "they turn aside/they pervert/they distort", "*hannaʿărāh*": "the young woman/the girl/the maiden", "*ləmaʿan*": "in order to/so that/for the purpose of", "*ḥallēl*": "to profane/to defile/to pollute", "*šēm qodšî*": "my holy name/name of my holiness" } }
• Ps 56:1 : 1 { "verseID": "Psalms.56.1", "source": "לַמְנַצֵּ֤חַ ׀ עַל־י֬וֹנַת אֵ֣לֶם רְ֭חֹקִים לְדָוִ֣ד מִכְתָּ֑ם בֶּֽאֱחֹ֨ז אֹת֖וֹ פְלִשְׁתִּ֣ים בְּגַֽת׃", "text": "To-*mənaṣṣēaḥ* upon-*yônat ʾēlem rəḥōqîm* to-*Dāwid miktām* when-*ʾeḥōz* him *Pəlištîm* in-*Gat*", "grammar": { "*mənaṣṣēaḥ*": "Piel participle masculine singular with lamed prefix - to the director/choirmaster", "*yônat ʾēlem rəḥōqîm*": "construct chain - dove of silence of distant ones/places", "*Dāwid*": "proper name with lamed prefix - to/for/by David", "*miktām*": "masculine singular noun - possibly musical term or golden poem", "*ʾeḥōz*": "infinitive construct with bet prefix - when seized/grasped", "*Pəlištîm*": "proper name, masculine plural - Philistines", "*Gat*": "proper name with bet prefix - in Gath" }, "variants": { "*mənaṣṣēaḥ*": "director/chief musician/choirmaster/overseer", "*yônat ʾēlem rəḥōqîm*": "dove of silent/mute distant places/silent dove of distant places/dove of the distant terebinths", "*miktām*": "golden poem/inscription/writing/covering", "*ʾeḥōz*": "seize/grasp/take hold of/capture" } }
• Ps 140:12 : 12 { "verseID": "Psalms.140.12", "source": "אִ֥ישׁ לָשׁוֹן֮ בַּל־יִכּ֢וֹן בָּ֫אָ֥רֶץ אִישׁ־חָמָ֥ס רָ֑ע יְ֝צוּדֶ֗נּוּ לְמַדְחֵפֹֽת׃", "text": "*ʾîš* *lāšôn* *bal*-*yikkôn* in-the-*ʾāreṣ* *ʾîš*-*ḥāmās* *rāʿ* *yəṣûdennû* to-*madḥēpōt*", "grammar": { "*ʾîš*": "masculine singular construct noun - man of", "*lāšôn*": "feminine singular noun - tongue", "*bal*": "negative particle - not", "*yikkôn*": "niphal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular verb - be established", "*ʾāreṣ*": "feminine singular noun with prefixed preposition bet (in) - in the land/earth", "*ʾîš*": "masculine singular construct noun - man of", "*ḥāmās*": "masculine singular noun - violence", "*rāʿ*": "masculine singular adjective - evil", "*yəṣûdennû*": "qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular verb with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - he will hunt him", "*madḥēpōt*": "feminine plural noun with prefixed preposition lamed (to/for) - to overthrows/downfalls" }, "variants": { "*ʾîš* *lāšôn*": "man of tongue/slanderer/man of evil speech", "*yikkôn*": "be established/be secure/endure", "*ʾāreṣ*": "land/earth/ground", "*ʾîš*-*ḥāmās*": "man of violence/violent person", "*rāʿ*": "evil/wicked/harmful", "*yəṣûdennû*": "he will hunt him/he will chase him/he will pursue him", "*madḥēpōt*": "overthrows/downfalls/destructions/precipices" } }
• 1 Kgs 22:19 : 19 { "verseID": "1 Kings.22.19", "source": "וַיֹּ֕אמֶר לָכֵ֖ן שְׁמַ֣ע דְּבַר־יְהוָ֑ה רָאִ֤יתִי אֶת־יְהוָה֙ יֹשֵׁ֣ב עַל־כִּסְא֔וֹ וְכָל־צְבָ֤א הַשָּׁמַ֙יִם֙ עֹמֵ֣ד עָלָ֔יו מִימִינ֖וֹ וּמִשְּׂמֹאלֽוֹ׃", "text": "*wə-yōʾmer*, therefore *šəmaʿ dəb̄ar-YHWH*: *rāʾîtî ʾet-YHWH yōšēb̄* upon-*kisʾô*, and-all-*ṣəb̄āʾ* the-*šāmayim ʿōmēd* upon-him, from-*yəmînô* and-from-*śəmōʾlô*.", "grammar": { "*wə-yōʾmer*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3ms - and he said", "*šəmaʿ*": "qal imperative ms - hear/listen", "*dəb̄ar-YHWH*": "construct noun phrase - word of YHWH", "*rāʾîtî*": "qal perfect 1cs - I saw", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*YHWH*": "divine name - Yahweh/LORD", "*yōšēb̄*": "qal participle ms - sitting", "*kisʾô*": "masculine singular noun with 3ms suffix - his throne", "*ṣəb̄āʾ*": "masculine singular construct - host/army of", "*šāmayim*": "masculine dual/plural noun with definite article - the heaven(s)", "*ʿōmēd*": "qal participle ms - standing", "*yəmînô*": "feminine singular noun with 3ms suffix - his right hand/side", "*śəmōʾlô*": "feminine singular noun with 3ms suffix - his left hand/side" }, "variants": { "*šəmaʿ*": "hear/listen/heed/obey", "*dəb̄ar*": "word/speech/saying/matter", "*rāʾîtî*": "I saw/observed/beheld", "*yōšēb̄*": "sitting/dwelling/residing/enthroned", "*kisʾô*": "his throne/seat", "*ṣəb̄āʾ*": "host/army/warriors/assembled group", "*šāmayim*": "heaven(s)/sky", "*ʿōmēd*": "standing/positioned/serving", "*yəmînô*": "his right hand/side/south side", "*śəmōʾlô*": "his left hand/side/north side" } }
• Ps 12:5 : 5 { "verseID": "Psalms.12.5", "source": "אֲשֶׁ֤ר אָֽמְר֨וּ ׀ לִלְשֹׁנֵ֣נוּ נַ֭גְבִּיר שְׂפָתֵ֣ינוּ אִתָּ֑נוּ מִ֖י אָד֣וֹן לָֽנוּ׃", "text": "*ʾăšer* *ʾāmərû* to *lišōnēnû* *naḡbîr* *śəp̄āṯênû* with *ʾittānû* who *ʾāḏôn* to us", "grammar": { "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - who/which/that", "*ʾāmərû*": "qal perfect, 3rd person plural - they said", "*lišōnēnû*": "feminine singular noun with 1st person plural suffix and prefixed preposition - to our tongue", "*naḡbîr*": "hiphil imperfect, 1st person plural - we will make strong/prevail", "*śəp̄āṯênû*": "feminine plural noun with 1st person plural suffix - our lips", "*ʾittānû*": "preposition with 1st person plural suffix - with us", "*ʾāḏôn*": "masculine singular noun - lord/master", "*lānû*": "preposition with 1st person plural suffix - to us/over us" }, "variants": { "*naḡbîr*": "make mighty/prevail with/strengthen", "*ʾāḏôn lānû*": "lord over us/master to us/who rules us", "*lišōnēnû*": "with our tongue/by our speech" } }