1 {
"verseID": "Deuteronomy.20.1",
"source": "כִּֽי־תֵצֵ֨א לַמִּלְחָמָ֜ה עַל־אֹיְבֶ֗יךָ וְֽרָאִ֜יתָ ס֤וּס וָרֶ֙כֶב֙ עַ֚ם רַ֣ב מִמְּךָ֔ לֹ֥א תִירָ֖א מֵהֶ֑ם כִּֽי־יְהוָ֤ה אֱלֹהֶ֙יךָ֙ עִמָּ֔ךְ הַמַּֽעַלְךָ֖ מֵאֶ֥רֶץ מִצְרָֽיִם׃",
"text": "When *tēṣē* to-the-*milḥāmāh* against-*ʾōyḇêḵā* *wə-rāʾîtā* *sûs* and-*reḵeḇ* *ʿam* *raḇ* than-you, not *tîrā* from-them, for *YHWH* *ʾĕlōhêḵā* with-you, the-one-who-*maʿalḵā* from-*ʾereṣ* *miṣrayim*.",
"grammar": {
"*kî*": "conjunction - when/if",
"*tēṣē*": "qal imperfect 2nd person masculine singular - you go out",
"*lamilḥāmāh*": "preposition + definite article + feminine noun - to the battle/war",
"*ʿal*": "preposition - against",
"*ʾōyḇêḵā*": "masculine plural noun + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your enemies",
"*wə-rāʾîtā*": "conjunction + qal perfect 2nd person masculine singular - and you see/saw",
"*sûs*": "masculine singular noun - horse",
"*wā-reḵeḇ*": "conjunction + masculine singular noun - and chariot",
"*ʿam*": "masculine singular noun - people",
"*raḇ*": "adjective - many/greater",
"*mimməḵā*": "preposition + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - than you",
"*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not",
"*tîrā*": "qal imperfect 2nd person masculine singular - you will fear",
"*mēhem*": "preposition + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - from them",
"*kî*": "conjunction - because/for",
"*YHWH*": "divine name - LORD",
"*ʾĕlōhêḵā*": "masculine plural noun + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your God",
"*ʿimmāḵ*": "preposition + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - with you",
"*hammaʿalḵā*": "definite article + hiphil participle + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - the one bringing you up",
"*mēʾereṣ*": "preposition + feminine singular construct - from land of",
"*miṣrayim*": "proper noun - Egypt"
},
"variants": {
"*tēṣē*": "go out/depart/proceed",
"*milḥāmāh*": "battle/war/fighting",
"*ʾōyḇêḵā*": "enemies/adversaries/foes",
"*sûs*": "horse/cavalry",
"*reḵeḇ*": "chariot/chariotry/vehicles",
"*ʿam*": "people/nation/troops",
"*raḇ*": "many/numerous/greater",
"*tîrā*": "fear/be afraid/dread",
"*ʾĕlōhêḵā*": "your God/gods/deity",
"*maʿalḵā*": "bringing you up/causing you to ascend"
}
}
2 {
"verseID": "Deuteronomy.20.2",
"source": "וְהָיָ֕ה כְּקָֽרָבְכֶ֖ם אֶל־הַמִּלְחָמָ֑ה וְנִגַּ֥שׁ הַכֹּהֵ֖ן וְדִבֶּ֥ר אֶל־הָעָֽם׃",
"text": "And *hāyāh* when-*qāraḇḵem* to-the-*milḥāmāh*, *wə-niggaš* the-*kōhēn* *wə-dibber* to-the-*ʿām*.",
"grammar": {
"*wə-hāyāh*": "conjunction + qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - and it will be",
"*kə-qāraḇḵem*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct + 2nd person masculine plural suffix - when you draw near",
"*ʾel*": "preposition - to/toward",
"*hammilḥāmāh*": "definite article + feminine singular noun - the battle/war",
"*wə-niggaš*": "conjunction + niphal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - and he will approach",
"*hakkōhēn*": "definite article + masculine singular noun - the priest",
"*wə-dibber*": "conjunction + piel perfect 3rd person masculine singular - and he will speak",
"*ʾel-hāʿām*": "preposition + definite article + masculine singular noun - to the people"
},
"variants": {
"*hāyāh*": "it will be/happen/come to pass",
"*qāraḇḵem*": "your drawing near/approaching/coming close",
"*milḥāmāh*": "battle/war/fighting",
"*niggaš*": "approach/come near/draw near",
"*kōhēn*": "priest/officiant",
"*dibber*": "speak/talk/address",
"*ʿām*": "people/troops/nation"
}
}
3 {
"verseID": "Deuteronomy.20.3",
"source": "וְאָמַ֤ר אֲלֵהֶם֙ שְׁמַ֣ע יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל אַתֶּ֨ם קְרֵבִ֥ים הַיּ֛וֹם לַמִּלְחָמָ֖ה עַל־אֹיְבֵיכֶ֑ם אַל־יֵרַ֣ךְ לְבַבְכֶ֗ם אַל־תִּֽירְא֧וּ וְאַֽל־תַּחְפְּז֛וּ וְאַל־תּֽ͏ַעַרְצ֖וּ מִפְּנֵיהֶֽם׃",
"text": "And *ʾāmar* to-them, *šĕmaʿ* *yiśrāʾēl*, you *qĕrēḇîm* the-*yôm* to-the-*milḥāmāh* against-*ʾōyḇêḵem*; not-*yēraḵ* *lĕḇaḇḵem*, not-*tîrĕʾû* and-not-*taḥpĕzû* and-not-*taʿarṣû* from-*pĕnêhem*.",
"grammar": {
"*wə-ʾāmar*": "conjunction + qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - and he will say",
"*ʾălēhem*": "preposition + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - to them",
"*šĕmaʿ*": "qal imperative masculine singular - hear/listen",
"*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel",
"*ʾattem*": "2nd person masculine plural pronoun - you",
"*qĕrēḇîm*": "adjective masculine plural - approaching/drawing near",
"*hayyôm*": "definite article + masculine singular noun - the day/today",
"*lammilḥāmāh*": "preposition + definite article + feminine singular noun - to the battle/war",
"*ʿal*": "preposition - against",
"*ʾōyḇêḵem*": "masculine plural noun + 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your enemies",
"*ʾal*": "negative particle (for prohibitions) - do not",
"*yēraḵ*": "qal imperfect jussive 3rd person masculine singular - let it be soft/tender/weak",
"*lĕḇaḇḵem*": "masculine singular noun + 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your heart",
"*ʾal-tîrĕʾû*": "negative particle + qal imperfect 2nd person masculine plural - do not fear",
"*wĕ-ʾal-taḥpĕzû*": "conjunction + negative particle + niphal imperfect 2nd person masculine plural - and do not hasten/panic",
"*wĕ-ʾal-taʿarṣû*": "conjunction + negative particle + qal imperfect 2nd person masculine plural - and do not dread/be terrified",
"*mippĕnêhem*": "preposition + masculine plural noun + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - from before them/from their faces"
},
"variants": {
"*ʾāmar*": "say/speak/tell",
"*šĕmaʿ*": "hear/listen/obey",
"*qĕrēḇîm*": "approaching/drawing near/coming close",
"*yôm*": "day/time/today",
"*milḥāmāh*": "battle/war/fighting",
"*ʾōyḇêḵem*": "your enemies/adversaries/foes",
"*yēraḵ*": "be soft/weak/tender/fainthearted",
"*lĕḇaḇḵem*": "your heart/mind/inner being",
"*tîrĕʾû*": "fear/be afraid/dread",
"*taḥpĕzû*": "hasten/hurry/be in panic/be alarmed",
"*taʿarṣû*": "dread/be terrified/be frightened",
"*pĕnêhem*": "their faces/presence/before them"
}
}
4 {
"verseID": "Deuteronomy.20.4",
"source": "כִּ֚י יְהוָ֣ה אֱלֹֽהֵיכֶ֔ם הַהֹלֵ֖ךְ עִמָּכֶ֑ם לְהִלָּחֵ֥ם לָכֶ֛ם עִם־אֹיְבֵיכֶ֖ם לְהוֹשִׁ֥יעַ אֶתְכֶֽם׃",
"text": "For *YHWH* *ʾĕlōhêḵem* the-one-who-*hōlēḵ* with-you to-*hillāḥēm* for-you with-*ʾōyḇêḵem* to-*hôšîaʿ* *ʾetḵem*.",
"grammar": {
"*kî*": "conjunction - for/because",
"*YHWH*": "divine name - LORD",
"*ʾĕlōhêḵem*": "masculine plural noun + 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your God",
"*hahōlēḵ*": "definite article + qal participle masculine singular - the one who walks/goes",
"*ʿimmāḵem*": "preposition + 2nd person masculine plural suffix - with you",
"*lĕhillāḥēm*": "preposition + niphal infinitive construct - to fight",
"*lāḵem*": "preposition + 2nd person masculine plural suffix - for you",
"*ʿim*": "preposition - with",
"*ʾōyḇêḵem*": "masculine plural noun + 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your enemies",
"*lĕhôšîaʿ*": "preposition + hiphil infinitive construct - to save/deliver",
"*ʾetḵem*": "direct object marker + 2nd person masculine plural suffix - you"
},
"variants": {
"*ʾĕlōhêḵem*": "your God/gods/deity",
"*hōlēḵ*": "walking/going/proceeding",
"*hillāḥēm*": "to fight/do battle/wage war",
"*ʾōyḇêḵem*": "your enemies/adversaries/foes",
"*hôšîaʿ*": "to save/deliver/rescue/give victory"
}
}
5 {
"verseID": "Deuteronomy.20.5",
"source": "וְדִבְּר֣וּ הַשֹּֽׁטְרִים֮ אֶל־הָעָ֣ם לֵאמֹר֒ מִֽי־הָאִ֞ישׁ אֲשֶׁ֨ר בָּנָ֤ה בַֽיִת־חָדָשׁ֙ וְלֹ֣א חֲנָכ֔וֹ יֵלֵ֖ךְ וְיָשֹׁ֣ב לְבֵית֑וֹ פֶּן־יָמוּת֙ בַּמִּלְחָמָ֔ה וְאִ֥ישׁ אַחֵ֖ר יַחְנְכֶֽנּוּ׃",
"text": "And *dibbĕrû* the-*šōṭĕrîm* to-the-*ʿām* *lēmōr*: Who-is-the-*ʾîš* who *bānāh* *bayit*-*ḥādāš* and-not *ḥănāḵô*, *yēlēḵ* and-*yāšōḇ* to-*bêtô*, lest-*yāmût* in-the-*milḥāmāh* and-*ʾîš* *ʾaḥēr* *yaḥnĕḵennû*.",
"grammar": {
"*wĕ-dibbĕrû*": "conjunction + piel perfect 3rd person masculine plural - and they shall speak",
"*haššōṭĕrîm*": "definite article + masculine plural noun - the officers",
"*ʾel-hāʿām*": "preposition + definite article + masculine singular noun - to the people",
"*lēmōr*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct - saying",
"*mî*": "interrogative pronoun - who",
"*hāʾîš*": "definite article + masculine singular noun - the man",
"*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - who/that/which",
"*bānāh*": "qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - has built",
"*bayit-ḥādāš*": "masculine singular noun + adjective - new house",
"*wĕ-lōʾ*": "conjunction + negative particle - and not",
"*ḥănāḵô*": "qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - dedicated it",
"*yēlēḵ*": "qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular jussive - let him go",
"*wĕ-yāšōḇ*": "conjunction + qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular jussive - and let him return",
"*lĕ-bêtô*": "preposition + masculine singular noun + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - to his house",
"*pen*": "conjunction - lest",
"*yāmût*": "qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - he die",
"*ba-milḥāmāh*": "preposition + definite article + feminine singular noun - in the battle",
"*wĕ-ʾîš*": "conjunction + masculine singular noun - and a man",
"*ʾaḥēr*": "adjective - another/different",
"*yaḥnĕḵennû*": "qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - will dedicate it"
},
"variants": {
"*dibbĕrû*": "speak/talk/address",
"*šōṭĕrîm*": "officers/officials/scribes",
"*ʿām*": "people/troops/nation",
"*lēmōr*": "saying/to say",
"*ʾîš*": "man/person/each",
"*bānāh*": "build/construct/establish",
"*bayit*": "house/home/household",
"*ḥādāš*": "new/fresh/renewed",
"*ḥănāḵô*": "dedicate it/inaugurate it/initiate it",
"*yēlēḵ*": "go/proceed/depart",
"*yāšōḇ*": "return/turn back/go back",
"*yāmût*": "die/perish",
"*milḥāmāh*": "battle/war/fighting",
"*ʾaḥēr*": "another/other/different",
"*yaḥnĕḵennû*": "dedicate it/inaugurate it/initiate it"
}
}