4{
"verseID": "Proverbs.31.4",
"source": "אַ֤ל לַֽמְלָכִ֨ים ׀ לְֽמוֹאֵ֗ל אַ֣ל לַֽמְלָכִ֣ים שְׁתוֹ־יָ֑יִן וּ֝לְרוֹזְנִ֗ים *או **אֵ֣י שֵׁכָֽר",
"text": "*ʾal* *lamlākîm* *Lĕmôʾēl* *ʾal* *lamlākîm* *šĕtô*-*yāyin* *ûlĕrôzĕnîm* *ʾê* *šēkār*",
"grammar": {
"*ʾal*": "negative particle - not/do not",
"*lamlākîm*": "preposition *lə* + definite article + noun, masculine plural - for the kings",
"*Lĕmôʾēl*": "proper name, masculine singular",
"*ʾal*": "negative particle - not/do not",
"*lamlākîm*": "preposition *lə* + definite article + noun, masculine plural - for the kings",
"*šĕtô*": "Qal infinitive construct - to drink",
"*yāyin*": "noun, masculine singular - wine",
"*ûlĕrôzĕnîm*": "conjunction *wə* + preposition *lə* + noun, masculine plural - and for rulers",
"*ʾê*": "interrogative/exclamation particle - where/not",
"*šēkār*": "noun, masculine singular - strong drink/intoxicating drink"
},
"variants": {
"*ʾal*": "not/do not (prohibitive)",
"*Lĕmôʾēl*": "personal name meaning 'belonging to God'",
"*šĕtô*": "to drink/drinking of",
"*yāyin*": "wine/fermented grape drink",
"*rôzĕnîm*": "rulers/potentates/dignitaries",
"*ʾê*": "where is?/not (alternative reading *או* as 'or')",
"*šēkār*": "strong drink/intoxicating beverage/liquor"
}
}
5{
"verseID": "Proverbs.31.5",
"source": "פֶּן־יִ֭שְׁתֶּה וְיִשְׁכַּ֣ח מְחֻקָּ֑ק וִֽ֝ישַׁנֶּה דִּ֣ין כָּל־בְּנֵי־עֹֽנִי",
"text": "*pen*-*yišteh* *wĕyiškaḥ* *mĕḥuqqāq* *wîšanneh* *dîn* *kol*-*bĕnê*-*ʿōnî*",
"grammar": {
"*pen*": "conjunction - lest/so that not",
"*yišteh*": "verb, Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - he drinks",
"*wĕyiškaḥ*": "conjunction *wə* + verb, Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and forgets",
"*mĕḥuqqāq*": "Pual participle masculine singular - what is decreed/statute/law",
"*wîšanneh*": "conjunction *wə* + verb, Piel imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and perverts/changes",
"*dîn*": "noun, masculine singular construct - judgment/cause of",
"*kol*": "noun, masculine singular construct - all of",
"*bĕnê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - sons of",
"*ʿōnî*": "noun, masculine singular - affliction/poverty"
},
"variants": {
"*pen*": "lest/otherwise/so that not",
"*yišteh*": "he drinks/will drink",
"*yiškaḥ*": "he forgets/will forget",
"*mĕḥuqqāq*": "what is decreed/statute/law/ordinance",
"*yĕšanneh*": "he changes/perverts/alters",
"*dîn*": "judgment/legal claim/cause/rights",
"*bĕnê*-*ʿōnî*": "children of affliction/sons of poverty/the oppressed"
}
}
6{
"verseID": "Proverbs.31.6",
"source": "תְּנוּ־שֵׁכָֽר לְאוֹבֵ֑ד וְ֝יַיִן לְמָ֣רֵי נָֽפֶשׁ",
"text": "*tĕnû*-*šēkār* *lĕʾôbēd* *wĕyayin* *lĕmārê* *nāpeš*",
"grammar": {
"*tĕnû*": "verb, Qal imperative masculine plural - give",
"*šēkār*": "noun, masculine singular - strong drink",
"*lĕʾôbēd*": "preposition *lə* + Qal participle masculine singular - to one perishing",
"*wĕyayin*": "conjunction *wə* + noun, masculine singular - and wine",
"*lĕmārê*": "preposition *lə* + adjective masculine plural construct - to bitter of",
"*nāpeš*": "noun, feminine singular - soul/life"
},
"variants": {
"*tĕnû*": "give/provide",
"*šēkār*": "strong drink/intoxicating beverage/liquor",
"*ʾôbēd*": "perishing one/one who is dying/the doomed",
"*mārê*": "bitter ones/those in bitterness/those who are bitter",
"*nāpeš*": "soul/life/inner being/spirit"
}
}