Ezekiel 22:9

biblecontext

{ "verseID": "Ezekiel.22.9", "source": "אַנְשֵׁ֥י רָכִ֛יל הָ֥יוּ בָ֖ךְ לְמַ֣עַן שְׁפָךְ־דָּ֑ם וְאֶל־הֶֽהָרִים֙ אָ֣כְלוּ בָ֔ךְ זִמָּ֖ה עָשׂ֥וּ בְתוֹכֵֽךְ׃", "text": "*ʾanšēy* *rāḵîl* *hāyû* in you for *ləmaʿan* *šəp̄āḵ*-*dām*; and unto-the *hehārîm* they *ʾāḵəlû* in you, *zimmāh* they *ʿāśû* in *ṯôḵēḵ*", "grammar": { "*ʾanšēy*": "masculine plural construct noun - 'men of'", "*rāḵîl*": "masculine singular noun - 'slander'", "*hāyû*": "qal perfect, 3rd plural - 'they were'", "*ləmaʿan*": "preposition + conjunction - 'for the purpose of'", "*šəp̄āḵ*": "qal infinitive construct - 'to shed'", "*dām*": "masculine singular noun - 'blood'", "*hehārîm*": "masculine plural noun with definite article - 'the mountains'", "*ʾāḵəlû*": "qal perfect, 3rd plural - 'they ate'", "*zimmāh*": "feminine singular noun - 'lewdness'", "*ʿāśû*": "qal perfect, 3rd plural - 'they did/made'", "*ṯôḵēḵ*": "masculine singular noun with 2nd feminine singular suffix - 'your midst'" }, "variants": { "*ʾanšēy* *rāḵîl*": "men of slander/slanderous men/gossips", "*ləmaʿan*": "for the purpose of/in order to", "*šəp̄āḵ*": "shed/pour out/spill", "*dām*": "blood/bloodshed", "*hehārîm*": "the mountains/high places (possible reference to pagan shrines)", "*ʾāḵəlû*": "ate/consumed/participated in ritual meals", "*zimmāh*": "lewdness/wickedness/depravity" } }

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

אַנְשֵׁ֥י רָכִ֛יל הָ֥יוּ בָ֖ךְ לְמַ֣עַן שְׁפָךְ־דָּ֑ם וְאֶל־הֶֽהָרִים֙ אָ֣כְלוּ בָ֔ךְ זִמָּ֖ה עָשׂ֥וּ בְתוֹכֵֽךְ׃

Transliteration

ʾanšēy rāḵîl hāyû in you for ləmaʿan šəp̄āḵ-dām; and unto-the hehārîm they ʾāḵəlû in you, zimmāh they ʿāśû in ṯôḵēḵ

Grammar Details

• *ʾanšēy*: masculine plural construct noun - 'men of'
• *rāḵîl*: masculine singular noun - 'slander'
• *hāyû*: qal perfect, 3rd plural - 'they were'
• *ləmaʿan*: preposition + conjunction - 'for the purpose of'
• *šəp̄āḵ*: qal infinitive construct - 'to shed'
• *dām*: masculine singular noun - 'blood'
• *hehārîm*: masculine plural noun with definite article - 'the mountains'
• *ʾāḵəlû*: qal perfect, 3rd plural - 'they ate'
• *zimmāh*: feminine singular noun - 'lewdness'
• *ʿāśû*: qal perfect, 3rd plural - 'they did/made'
• *ṯôḵēḵ*: masculine singular noun with 2nd feminine singular suffix - 'your midst'

Word Meanings

• *ʾanšēy* *rāḵîl*: men of slander/slanderous men/gossips
• *ləmaʿan*: for the purpose of/in order to
• *šəp̄āḵ*: shed/pour out/spill
• *dām*: blood/bloodshed
• *hehārîm*: the mountains/high places (possible reference to pagan shrines)
• *ʾāḵəlû*: ate/consumed/participated in ritual meals
• *zimmāh*: lewdness/wickedness/depravity

Other Translations

• Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts

  The men in you who slander for the purpose of shedding blood eat at the high places; they commit lewdness in your midst.

• King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)

  In thee are men that carry tales to shed blood: and in thee they eat upon the mountains: in the midst of thee they commit lewdness.

• KJV1611 – Modern English

  In you are men that carry tales to shed blood: and in you they eat on the mountains: in the midst of you they commit lewdness.

• King James Version 1611 (Original)

  In thee are men that carry tales to shed blood: and in thee they eat upon the mountains: in the midst of thee they commit lewdness.

• American Standard Version with Strong's Numbers

  Slanderous{H7400} men{H582} have been in thee to shed{H8210} blood;{H1818} and in thee they have eaten{H398} upon the mountains:{H2022} in the midst{H8432} of thee they have committed{H6213} lewdness.{H2154}

• King James Version with Strong's Numbers

  In thee are men{H582} that carry tales{H7400} to shed{H8210}{(H8800)} blood{H1818}: and in thee they eat{H398}{(H8804)} upon the mountains{H2022}: in the midst{H8432} of thee they commit{H6213}{(H8804)} lewdness{H2154}.

• Coverdale Bible (1535)

  Murtherers are there in the, that shed bloude, & eate vpon the hilles, and in the they vse vnhappynesse.

• Geneva Bible (1560)

  In thee are men that cary tales to shed blood: in thee are they that eate vpon the mountaines: in ye mids of thee they comit abomination.

• Bishops' Bible (1568)

  Tale tellers are there in thee to shed blood, in thee are such as eate vpon the hylles, and in thee they commit abhomination.

• Authorized King James Version (1611)

  In thee are men that carry tales to shed blood: and in thee they eat upon the mountains: in the midst of thee they commit lewdness.

• Webster's Bible (1833)

  Slanderous men have been in you to shed blood; and in you they have eaten on the mountains: in the midst of you they have committed lewdness.

• Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

  Men of slander have been in thee to shed blood, And on the mountains they have eaten in thee, Wickedness they have done in thy midst.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  Slanderous men have been in thee to shed blood; and in thee they have eaten upon the mountains: in the midst of thee they have committed lewdness.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  Slanderous men have been in thee to shed blood; and in thee they have eaten upon the mountains: in the midst of thee they have committed lewdness.

• Bible in Basic English (1941)

  In you there are men who say evil of others, causing death; in you they have taken the flesh with the blood for food; in your streets they have put evil designs into effect.

• World English Bible (2000)

  Slanderous men have been in you to shed blood; and in you they have eaten on the mountains: in the midst of you they have committed lewdness.

• NET Bible® (New English Translation)

  Slanderous men shed blood within you. Those who live within you eat pagan sacrifices on the mountains; they commit obscene acts among you.

Referenced Verses

• Hos 4:14 : 14 { "verseID": "Hosea.4.14", "source": "לֹֽא־אֶפְק֨וֹד עַל־בְּנוֹתֵיכֶ֜ם כִּ֣י תִזְנֶ֗ינָה וְעַל־כַּלּֽוֹתֵיכֶם֙ כִּ֣י תְנָאַ֔פְנָה כִּי־הֵם֙ עִם־הַזֹּנ֣וֹת יְפָרֵ֔דוּ וְעִם־הַקְּדֵשׁ֖וֹת יְזַבֵּ֑חוּ וְעָ֥ם לֹֽא־יָבִ֖ין יִלָּבֵֽט׃", "text": "*lōʾ*-*ʾepqôd* *ʿal*-*bənôtêkem* *kî* *tiznênâ* *wə-ʿal*-*kallôtêkem* *kî* *tənāʾapnâ* *kî*-*hēm* *ʿim*-*hazzōnôt* *yəpārēdû* *wə-ʿim*-*haqqədēšôt* *yəzabbēḥû* *wə-ʿām* *lōʾ*-*yābîn* *yillābēṭ*", "grammar": { "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*ʾepqôd*": "imperfect, 1st person singular - I will punish/visit", "*ʿal*-*bənôtêkem*": "preposition + noun, feminine plural + 2nd person masculine plural suffix - against your daughters", "*kî*": "conjunction - when/because", "*tiznênâ*": "imperfect, 3rd person feminine plural - they commit fornication", "*wə-ʿal*-*kallôtêkem*": "conjunction + preposition + noun, feminine plural + 2nd person masculine plural suffix - and against your daughters-in-law", "*kî*": "conjunction - when/because", "*tənāʾapnâ*": "imperfect, 3rd person feminine plural - they commit adultery", "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*hēm*": "pronoun, 3rd person masculine plural - they", "*ʿim*-*hazzōnôt*": "preposition + noun with definite article, feminine plural - with the harlots", "*yəpārēdû*": "imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural, niphal - they separate themselves", "*wə-ʿim*-*haqqədēšôt*": "conjunction + preposition + noun with definite article, feminine plural - and with the temple prostitutes", "*yəzabbēḥû*": "imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural, piel - they sacrifice", "*wə-ʿām*": "conjunction + noun, masculine singular - and a people", "*lōʾ*-*yābîn*": "negative particle + imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - does not understand", "*yillābēṭ*": "imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular, niphal - will be ruined/thrown down" }, "variants": { "*pāqad*": "visit/punish/inspect", "*pārad* (niphal)": "separate oneself/isolate/go apart", "*qədēšôt*": "cult prostitutes/temple prostitutes", "*bîn*": "understand/discern/perceive", "*lābaṭ* (niphal)": "be thrown down/be ruined/be thrust down" } }
• Lev 19:16 : 16 { "verseID": "Leviticus.19.16", "source": "לֹא־תֵלֵ֤ךְ רָכִיל֙ בְּעַמֶּ֔יךָ לֹ֥א תַעֲמֹ֖ד עַל־דַּ֣ם רֵעֶ֑ךָ אֲנִ֖י יְהוָֽה", "text": "*lōʾ*-*ṯēlēḵ* *rāḵîl* *bəʿammêḵā* *lōʾ* *ṯaʿămōḏ* *ʿal*-*dam* *rēʿeḵā* *ʾănî* *YHWH*", "grammar": { "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*ṯēlēḵ*": "Qal imperfect, 2nd masculine singular - you shall go/walk", "*rāḵîl*": "noun, masculine singular - slanderer/talebearer", "*bəʿammêḵā*": "preposition + noun, masculine plural + 2nd masculine singular suffix - among your people", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*ṯaʿămōḏ*": "Qal imperfect, 2nd masculine singular - you shall stand", "*ʿal*": "preposition - upon/against", "*dam*": "noun, masculine singular construct - blood of", "*rēʿeḵā*": "noun, masculine singular + 2nd masculine singular suffix - your neighbor", "*ʾănî*": "1st person singular independent pronoun - I", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - the LORD" }, "variants": { "*ṯēlēḵ* *rāḵîl*": "go about as a slanderer/spread slander/gossip", "*ṯaʿămōḏ* *ʿal*-*dam*": "stand against the blood/endanger the life/fail to protect" } }
• Hos 4:10 : 10 { "verseID": "Hosea.4.10", "source": "וְאָֽכְלוּ֙ וְלֹ֣א יִשְׂבָּ֔עוּ הִזְנ֖וּ וְלֹ֣א יִפְרֹ֑צוּ כִּֽי־אֶת־יְהוָ֥ה עָזְב֖וּ לִשְׁמֹֽר׃", "text": "*wə-ʾākəlû* *wə-lōʾ* *yiśbāʿû* *hiznû* *wə-lōʾ* *yiprōṣû* *kî*-*ʾet*-*YHWH* *ʿāzəbû* *lišmōr*", "grammar": { "*wə-ʾākəlû*": "conjunction + perfect, 3rd person common plural - and they will eat", "*wə-lōʾ*": "conjunction + negative particle - and not", "*yiśbāʿû*": "imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural - they will be satisfied", "*hiznû*": "perfect, 3rd person common plural, hiphil - they committed/will commit fornication", "*wə-lōʾ*": "conjunction + negative particle - and not", "*yiprōṣû*": "imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural - they will increase/multiply", "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*YHWH*": "divine name", "*ʿāzəbû*": "perfect, 3rd person common plural - they abandoned/forsook", "*lišmōr*": "preposition + infinitive construct - to keep/observe/guard" }, "variants": { "*śābaʿ*": "be satisfied/filled/have enough", "*zānâ*": "commit fornication/be unfaithful/prostitute", "*pāraṣ*": "increase/break out/multiply/spread abroad", "*ʿāzab*": "leave/forsake/abandon", "*šāmar*": "keep/guard/observe/preserve" } }
• Hos 4:2 : 2 { "verseID": "Hosea.4.2", "source": "אָלֹ֣ה וְכַחֵ֔שׁ וְרָצֹ֥חַ וְגָנֹ֖ב וְנָאֹ֑ף פָּרָ֕צוּ וְדָמִ֥ים בְּדָמִ֖ים נָגָֽעוּ׃", "text": "*ʾālōh* *wə-kaḥēš* *wə-rāṣōaḥ* *wə-gānōb* *wə-nāʾōf* *pārāṣû* *wə-dāmîm* *bə-dāmîm* *nāgāʿû*", "grammar": { "*ʾālōh*": "infinitive absolute - swearing/cursing", "*wə-kaḥēš*": "conjunction + infinitive absolute - and lying/deceiving", "*wə-rāṣōaḥ*": "conjunction + infinitive absolute - and murdering", "*wə-gānōb*": "conjunction + infinitive absolute - and stealing", "*wə-nāʾōf*": "conjunction + infinitive absolute - and committing adultery", "*pārāṣû*": "perfect, 3rd person common plural - they break out/burst forth", "*wə-dāmîm*": "conjunction + noun, masculine plural - and bloodshed/blood", "*bə-dāmîm*": "preposition + noun, masculine plural - with/against bloodshed/blood", "*nāgāʿû*": "perfect, 3rd person common plural - they touched/reached" }, "variants": { "*ʾālōh*": "swearing falsely/cursing", "*kaḥēš*": "lying/deceiving/denying", "*pārāṣû*": "break out/burst through/increase/spread abroad", "*dāmîm*": "bloodshed/blood guilt/bloodiness", "*nāgāʿû*": "touched/reached/struck/approached" } }
• Ezek 16:43 : 43 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.16.43", "source": "יַ֗עַן אֲשֶׁ֤ר לֹֽא־*זכרתי **זָכַרְתְּ֙ אֶת־יְמֵ֣י נְעוּרַ֔יִךְ וַתִּרְגְּזִי־לִ֖י בְּכָל־אֵ֑לֶּה וְגַם־אֲנִ֨י הֵ֜א דַּרְכֵּ֣ךְ ׀ בְּרֹ֣אשׁ נָתַ֗תִּי נְאֻם֙ אֲדֹנָ֣י יְהוִ֔ה וְלֹ֤א *עשיתי **עָשִׂית֙ אֶת־הַזִּמָּ֔ה עַ֖ל כָּל־תּוֹעֲבֹתָֽיִךְ׃", "text": "Because *yaʿan* that *ʾăšer* not-*zāḵart* *ʾet*-days *yəmê* of your *nəʿûrayiḵ* and *watirgəzî*-to me in *bəḵol*-these, and also-I *wəgam*-*ʾănî* *hēʾ* your *darkēḵ* in *bərōʾš* *nātattî*, *nəʾum* *ʾădōnāy* *yəhōwih*, and not *ʿāśît* *ʾet*-the *hazimmāh* upon *ʿal* all-your *tôʿăḇōtāyiḵ*.", "grammar": { "*yaʿan*": "conjunction - because/on account of", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - that/which", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*zāḵart*": "qal perfect, 2nd feminine singular - you remembered", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*yəmê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - days of", "*nəʿûrayiḵ*": "noun, masculine plural with 2nd feminine singular suffix - your youth", "*watirgəzî*": "qal consecutive imperfect, 2nd feminine singular - and you raged/were agitated/trembled", "*lî*": "preposition with 1st singular suffix - to me/against me", "*bəḵol*": "preposition + noun - in all/with all", "*ʾēlleh*": "demonstrative pronoun - these", "*wəgam*": "conjunction - and also", "*ʾănî*": "personal pronoun, 1st singular - I", "*hēʾ*": "interjection - behold", "*darkēḵ*": "noun, feminine singular with 2nd feminine singular suffix - your way/path/conduct", "*bərōʾš*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular - on the head/on top", "*nātattî*": "qal perfect, 1st singular - I have given/placed", "*nəʾum*": "construct state - declaration of", "*ʾădōnāy*": "noun, masculine singular - Lord/my Lord", "*yəhōwih*": "divine name - YHWH/LORD", "*ʿāśît*": "qal perfect, 2nd feminine singular - you did/made", "*hazimmāh*": "definite article + noun, feminine singular - the wickedness/depravity/lewdness", "*ʿal*": "preposition - upon/concerning/besides", "*tôʿăḇōtāyiḵ*": "noun, feminine plural with 2nd feminine singular suffix - your abominations" }, "variants": { "*zāḵart*": "you remembered/recalled/called to mind", "*nəʿûrayiḵ*": "your youth/early life", "*tirgəzî*": "you raged/were agitated/provoked/angered", "*darkēḵ*": "your way/path/conduct/actions", "*bərōʾš*": "on the head/on top of/first", "*zimmāh*": "wickedness/lewdness/depravity/evil plan", "*tôʿăḇōtāyiḵ*": "your abominations/detestable acts" } }
• Ezek 18:6 : 6 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.18.6", "source": "אֶל־הֶֽהָרִים֙ לֹ֣א אָכָ֔ל וְעֵינָיו֙ לֹ֣א נָשָׂ֔א אֶל־גִּלּוּלֵ֖י בֵּ֣ית יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל וְאֶת־אֵ֤שֶׁת רֵעֵ֙הוּ֙ לֹ֣א טִמֵּ֔א וְאֶל־אִשָּׁ֥ה נִדָּ֖ה לֹ֥א יִקְרָֽב׃", "text": "*ʾel*-*he-hārîm* *lōʾ* *ʾākal* *wə-* *ʿênāyw* *lōʾ* *nāśāʾ* *ʾel*-*gillûlê* *bêt* *yiśrāʾēl* *wə-* *ʾet*-*ʾēšet* *rēʿēhû* *lōʾ* *ṭimmēʾ* *wə-* *ʾel*-*ʾiššāh* *niddāh* *lōʾ* *yiqrāb*", "grammar": { "*ʾel*": "preposition - to, toward", "*he-hārîm*": "definite article with masculine plural noun - the mountains", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*ʾākal*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - he has eaten", "*wə-*": "conjunction - and", "*ʿênāyw*": "feminine dual noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his eyes", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*nāśāʾ*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - he has lifted", "*ʾel*": "preposition - to, toward", "*gillûlê*": "construct state, masculine plural - idols of", "*bêt*": "construct state, masculine singular - house of", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*wə-*": "conjunction - and", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*ʾēšet*": "construct state, feminine singular - wife of", "*rēʿēhû*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his neighbor", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*ṭimmēʾ*": "Piel perfect 3rd masculine singular - he has defiled", "*wə-*": "conjunction - and", "*ʾel*": "preposition - to, toward", "*ʾiššāh*": "feminine singular noun - woman", "*niddāh*": "feminine singular noun - menstruation, impurity", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*yiqrāb*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - he will approach" }, "variants": { "*ʾākal*": "eaten (ritual meals at high places)", "*nāśāʾ*": "lifted/raised/looked toward", "*gillûlê*": "idols/dung-idols/detestable images", "*ṭimmēʾ*": "defiled/made unclean/polluted", "*niddāh*": "menstruation/impurity/separation" } }
• Ezek 18:11 : 11 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.18.11", "source": "וְה֕וּא אֶת־כָּל־אֵ֖לֶּה לֹ֣א עָשָׂ֑ה כִּ֣י גַ֤ם אֶל־הֶֽהָרִים֙ אָכַ֔ל וְאֶת־אֵ֥שֶׁת רֵעֵ֖הוּ טִמֵּֽא׃", "text": "*wə-* *hûʾ* *ʾet*-*kol*-*ʾēlleh* *lōʾ* *ʿāśāh* *kî* *gam* *ʾel*-*he-hārîm* *ʾākal* *wə-* *ʾet*-*ʾēšet* *rēʿēhû* *ṭimmēʾ*", "grammar": { "*wə-*": "conjunction - and", "*hûʾ*": "3rd masculine singular pronoun - he", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*kol*": "construct state, masculine singular - all of", "*ʾēlleh*": "demonstrative plural pronoun - these", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*ʿāśāh*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - he has done", "*kî*": "conjunction - for, because", "*gam*": "adverb - also, even", "*ʾel*": "preposition - to, toward", "*he-hārîm*": "definite article with masculine plural noun - the mountains", "*ʾākal*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - he has eaten", "*wə-*": "conjunction - and", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*ʾēšet*": "construct state, feminine singular - wife of", "*rēʿēhû*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his neighbor", "*ṭimmēʾ*": "Piel perfect 3rd masculine singular - he has defiled" }, "variants": { "*ʾākal*": "eaten (ritual meals at high places)", "*ṭimmēʾ*": "defiled/made unclean/polluted" } }
• Ezek 18:15 : 15 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.18.15", "source": "עַל־הֶֽהָרִים֙ לֹ֣א אָכָ֔ל וְעֵינָיו֙ לֹ֣א נָשָׂ֔א אֶל־גִּלּוּלֵ֖י בֵּ֣ית יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל אֶת־אֵ֥שֶׁת רֵעֵ֖הוּ לֹ֥א טִמֵּֽא׃", "text": "*ʿal*-*he-hārîm* *lōʾ* *ʾākal* *wə-* *ʿênāyw* *lōʾ* *nāśāʾ* *ʾel*-*gillûlê* *bêt* *yiśrāʾēl* *ʾet*-*ʾēšet* *rēʿēhû* *lōʾ* *ṭimmēʾ*", "grammar": { "*ʿal*": "preposition - on, upon", "*he-hārîm*": "definite article with masculine plural noun - the mountains", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*ʾākal*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - he has eaten", "*wə-*": "conjunction - and", "*ʿênāyw*": "feminine dual noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his eyes", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*nāśāʾ*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - he has lifted", "*ʾel*": "preposition - to, toward", "*gillûlê*": "masculine plural noun, construct state - idols of", "*bêt*": "masculine singular noun, construct state - house of", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*ʾēšet*": "feminine singular noun, construct state - wife of", "*rēʿēhû*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his neighbor", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*ṭimmēʾ*": "Piel perfect 3rd masculine singular - he has defiled" }, "variants": { "*ʾākal*": "eaten (ritual meals at high places)", "*nāśāʾ*": "lifted/raised/looked toward", "*gillûlê*": "idols/dung-idols/detestable images", "*ṭimmēʾ*": "defiled/made unclean/polluted" } }
• Ezek 24:13 : 13 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.24.13", "source": "בְּטֻמְאָתֵ֖ךְ זִמָּ֑ה יַ֤עַן טִֽהַרְתִּיךְ֙ וְלֹ֣א טָהַ֔רְתְּ מִטֻּמְאָתֵךְ֙ לֹ֣א תִטְהֲרִי־ע֔וֹד עַד־הֲנִיחִ֥י אֶת־חֲמָתִ֖י בָּֽךְ׃", "text": "In *ṭum'āṯēḵ* *zimmāh*; because *ṭihartîḵ* and not *ṭāhart*, from *miṭṭum'āṯēḵ* not *ṭiṭhărî* still, until *hănîḥî* *'eṯ-ḥămāṯî* in you.", "grammar": { "*ṭum'āṯēḵ*": "feminine singular noun with 2nd feminine singular suffix - your uncleanness", "*zimmāh*": "feminine singular noun - lewdness/wickedness", "*ṭihartîḵ*": "piel perfect, 1st common singular with 2nd feminine singular suffix - I cleansed you", "*ṭāhart*": "qal perfect, 2nd feminine singular - you were clean", "*miṭṭum'āṯēḵ*": "preposition + feminine singular noun with 2nd feminine singular suffix - from your uncleanness", "*ṭiṭhărî*": "qal imperfect, 2nd feminine singular - you will be clean", "*hănîḥî*": "hiphil infinitive construct with 1st common singular suffix - my causing to rest", "*'eṯ-ḥămāṯî*": "direct object marker + feminine singular noun with 1st common singular suffix - my wrath" }, "variants": { "*ṭum'āṯēḵ*": "your uncleanness/impurity/filthiness", "*zimmāh*": "lewdness/wickedness/depravity", "*ṭihartîḵ*": "I cleansed you/purified you", "*ṭāhart*": "you were clean/pure", "*ṭiṭhărî*": "you will be clean/pure", "*hănîḥî*": "my causing to rest/my satisfying/my venting", "*'eṯ-ḥămāṯî*": "my wrath/fury/anger" } }
• Exod 20:16 : 16 { "verseID": "Exodus.20.16", "source": "לֹֽא־תַעֲנֶ֥ה בְרֵעֲךָ֖ עֵ֥ד שָֽׁקֶר׃", "text": "*lōʾ-ṯaʿăneh ḇə-rēʿăḵā ʿēḏ shāqer*", "grammar": { "*lōʾ-ṯaʿăneh*": "negative particle + qal imperfect, 2nd masculine singular - you shall not answer/testify", "*ḇə-rēʿăḵā*": "preposition + masculine singular noun with 2nd masculine singular suffix - against your neighbor", "*ʿēḏ*": "masculine singular noun - witness", "*shāqer*": "masculine singular noun - falsehood" }, "variants": { "*ṯaʿăneh*": "answer/testify/respond", "*rēʿăḵā*": "your neighbor/your friend/your fellow", "*ʿēḏ shāqer*": "false witness/lying testimony/deceptive evidence" } }
• Exod 23:1 : 1 { "verseID": "Exodus.23.1", "source": "לֹ֥א תִשָּׂ֖א שֵׁ֣מַע שָׁ֑וְא אַל־תָּ֤שֶׁת יָֽדְךָ֙ עִם־רָשָׁ֔ע לִהְיֹ֖ת עֵ֥ד חָמָֽס׃", "text": "Not *tiśśā* *šēmaʿ* *šāwe* not-*tāšet* *yādĕkā* with-*rāšāʿ* to-*hĕyōt* *ʿēd* *ḥāmās*", "grammar": { "*tiśśā*": "qal imperfect 2nd person masculine singular - lift/carry/take up", "*šēmaʿ*": "noun masculine singular construct - report/rumor", "*šāwe*": "noun masculine singular - falsehood/emptiness/vanity", "*tāšet*": "qal imperfect 2nd person masculine singular - put/place/set", "*yādĕkā*": "noun feminine singular construct with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your hand", "*rāšāʿ*": "adjective masculine singular - wicked/evil person", "*hĕyōt*": "qal infinitive construct - to be/become", "*ʿēd*": "noun masculine singular - witness", "*ḥāmās*": "noun masculine singular - violence/wrong/injustice" }, "variants": { "*tiśśā*": "lift up/carry/raise/bear/take", "*šēmaʿ*": "report/rumor/hearsay", "*šāwe*": "falsehood/emptiness/worthlessness/vanity", "*tāšet*": "put/place/set/join", "*ḥāmās*": "violence/wrong/injustice/malicious" } }
• Judg 20:6 : 6 { "verseID": "Judges.20.6", "source": "וָֽאֹחֵ֤ז בְּפִֽילַגְשִׁי֙ וָֽאֲנַתְּחֶ֔הָ וֽ͏ָאֲשַׁלְּחֶ֔הָ בְּכָל־שְׂדֵ֖ה נַחֲלַ֣ת יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל כִּ֥י עָשׂ֛וּ זִמָּ֥ה וּנְבָלָ֖ה בְּיִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃", "text": "*wā-'ōḥēz bə-pîlagšî wā-'ănattəḥehā wā-'ăšalləḥehā bə-kol-śədê naḥălat yiśrā'ēl kî ʿāśû zimmâ û-nəbālâ bə-yiśrā'ēl*.", "grammar": { "*wā-'ōḥēz*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 1st person singular (apocopated form) - and I took hold", "*bə-pîlagšî*": "preposition + feminine singular noun + 1st person singular suffix - of my concubine", "*wā-'ănattəḥehā*": "conjunction + Piel imperfect 1st person singular + 3rd person feminine singular suffix - and I cut her in pieces", "*wā-'ăšalləḥehā*": "conjunction + Piel imperfect 1st person singular + 3rd person feminine singular suffix - and I sent her", "*bə-kol-śədê*": "preposition + noun + masculine plural construct - in all fields of", "*naḥălat*": "feminine singular construct - inheritance/possession of", "*yiśrā'ēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*ʿāśû*": "Qal perfect 3rd person masculine plural - they did/committed", "*zimmâ*": "feminine singular noun - lewdness/wickedness", "*û-nəbālâ*": "conjunction + feminine singular noun - and disgraceful folly", "*bə-yiśrā'ēl*": "preposition + proper noun - in Israel" }, "variants": { "*'ōḥēz*": "took hold/seized/grasped", "*'ănattəḥehā*": "cut her in pieces/dismembered her/divided her", "*'ăšalləḥehā*": "sent her/dispatched her/distributed her", "*śədê*": "fields/territories/regions", "*naḥălat*": "inheritance/possession/territory", "*zimmâ*": "lewdness/wickedness/depravity/outrage", "*nəbālâ*": "disgraceful folly/outrage/shameful thing" } }
• 1 Kgs 21:10-13 : 10 { "verseID": "1 Kings.21.10", "source": "וְ֠הוֹשִׁיבוּ שְׁנַ֨יִם אֲנָשִׁ֥ים בְּנֵֽי־בְלִיַּעַל֮ נֶגְדּוֹ֒ וִיעִדֻ֣הוּ לֵאמֹ֔ר בֵּרַ֥כְתָּ אֱלֹהִ֖ים וָמֶ֑לֶךְ וְהוֹצִיאֻ֥הוּ וְסִקְלֻ֖הוּ וְיָמֹֽת׃", "text": "And-*hôšîbû* two *ʾănāšîm* *bənê*-*bəlîyaʿal* opposite-him *wîʿiduhû* *lēʾmōr*, *bēraktā* *ʾĕlōhîm* and-*melek*; and-*hôṣîʾuhû* and-*siqəluhû* and-*yāmōt*.", "grammar": { "*hôšîbû*": "imperative, 2nd plural masculine, Hiphil - cause to sit/seat", "*ʾănāšîm*": "noun, masculine plural - men", "*bənê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - sons of", "*bəlîyaʿal*": "noun, masculine singular - worthlessness/wickedness", "*wîʿiduhû*": "conjunction + jussive, 3rd plural masculine, Hiphil + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - and let them testify against him", "*lēʾmōr*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct - saying", "*bēraktā*": "perfect, 2nd singular masculine, Piel - you blessed/cursed", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "noun, masculine plural - God/gods", "*melek*": "noun, masculine singular - king", "*hôṣîʾuhû*": "imperative, 2nd plural masculine, Hiphil + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - bring him out", "*siqəluhû*": "imperative, 2nd plural masculine, Qal + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - stone him", "*yāmōt*": "jussive, 3rd singular masculine, Qal - let him die" }, "variants": { "*bənê-bəlîyaʿal*": "worthless men/scoundrels/sons of wickedness", "*bēraktā*": "blessed/cursed (euphemism for cursed)", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "God/gods/divine beings", "*hôṣîʾuhû*": "bring him out/lead him out" } } 11 { "verseID": "1 Kings.21.11", "source": "וַיַּעֲשׂוּ֩ אַנְשֵׁ֨י עִיר֜וֹ הַזְּקֵנִ֣ים וְהַחֹרִ֗ים אֲשֶׁ֤ר הַיֹּֽשְׁבִים֙ בְּעִיר֔וֹ כַּאֲשֶׁ֛ר שָׁלְחָ֥ה אֲלֵיהֶ֖ם אִיזָ֑בֶל כַּאֲשֶׁ֤ר כָּתוּב֙ בַּסְּפָרִ֔ים אֲשֶׁ֥ר שָׁלְחָ֖ה אֲלֵיהֶֽם׃", "text": "*wa-yaʿăśû* *ʾanšê* *ʿîrô* the-*zəqēnîm* and-the-*ḥōrîm* who the-*yōšəbîm* in-*ʿîrô* as-*ʾăšer* *šāləḥâ* to-them *ʾîzābel*, as-*ʾăšer* *kātûb* in-the-*səpārîm* which *šāləḥâ* to-them.", "grammar": { "*wa-yaʿăśû*": "conjunction + imperfect, 3rd plural masculine, Qal - and they did", "*ʾanšê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - men of", "*ʿîrô*": "noun, feminine singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his city", "*zəqēnîm*": "adjective/noun, masculine plural - elders", "*ḥōrîm*": "noun, masculine plural - nobles/free men", "*yōšəbîm*": "participle, masculine plural, Qal - dwelling/living", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which/that", "*šāləḥâ*": "perfect, 3rd singular feminine, Qal - she sent", "*ʾîzābel*": "proper name, feminine - Jezebel", "*kātûb*": "passive participle, masculine singular, Qal - written", "*səpārîm*": "noun, masculine plural - letters/documents" }, "variants": { "*ʾanšê*": "men of/people of", "*zəqēnîm*": "elders/older men", "*ḥōrîm*": "nobles/free men/officials", "*yōšəbîm*": "dwelling/living/sitting" } } 12 { "verseID": "1 Kings.21.12", "source": "קָרְא֖וּ צ֑וֹם וְהֹשִׁ֥יבוּ אֶת־נָב֖וֹת בְּרֹ֥אשׁ הָעָֽם׃", "text": "*qārəʾû* *ṣôm* and-*hōšîbû* *ʾet*-*nābôt* in-*rōʾš* the-*ʿām*.", "grammar": { "*qārəʾû*": "perfect, 3rd plural masculine, Qal - they proclaimed", "*ṣôm*": "noun, masculine singular - fast", "*hōšîbû*": "perfect, 3rd plural masculine, Hiphil - they seated", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*nābôt*": "proper name, masculine - Naboth", "*rōʾš*": "noun, masculine singular construct - head of", "*ʿām*": "noun, masculine singular - people" }, "variants": { "*qārəʾû ṣôm*": "proclaimed a fast/called a fast", "*rōʾš*": "head/top/chief place" } } 13 { "verseID": "1 Kings.21.13", "source": "וַ֠יָּבֹאוּ שְׁנֵ֨י הָאֲנָשִׁ֥ים בְּנֵֽי־בְלִיַּעַל֮ וַיֵּשְׁב֣וּ נֶגְדּוֹ֒ וַיְעִדֻהוּ֩ אַנְשֵׁ֨י הַבְּלִיַּ֜עַל אֶת־נָב֗וֹת נֶ֤גֶד הָעָם֙ לֵאמֹ֔ר בֵּרַ֥ךְ נָב֛וֹת אֱלֹהִ֖ים וָמֶ֑לֶךְ וַיֹּצִאֻ֙הוּ֙ מִח֣וּץ לָעִ֔יר וַיִּסְקְלֻ֥הוּ בָאֲבָנִ֖ים וַיָּמֹֽת׃", "text": "*wa-yābōʾû* two the-*ʾănāšîm* *bənê*-*bəlîyaʿal* *wa-yēšəbû* opposite-him; *wa-yəʿiduhû* *ʾanšê* the-*bəlîyaʿal* *ʾet*-*nābôt* before the-*ʿām* *lēʾmōr*, *bērak* *nābôt* *ʾĕlōhîm* and-*melek*; *wa-yōṣiʾuhû* outside the-city *wa-yisqəluhû* with-the-stones *wa-yāmōt*.", "grammar": { "*wa-yābōʾû*": "conjunction + imperfect, 3rd plural masculine, Qal - and they came", "*ʾănāšîm*": "noun, masculine plural - men", "*bənê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - sons of", "*bəlîyaʿal*": "noun, masculine singular - worthlessness/wickedness", "*wa-yēšəbû*": "conjunction + imperfect, 3rd plural masculine, Qal - and they sat", "*wa-yəʿiduhû*": "conjunction + imperfect, 3rd plural masculine, Hiphil + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - and they testified against him", "*ʾanšê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - men of", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*nābôt*": "proper name, masculine - Naboth", "*ʿām*": "noun, masculine singular - people", "*lēʾmōr*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct - saying", "*bērak*": "perfect, 3rd singular masculine, Piel - he blessed/cursed", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "noun, masculine plural - God/gods", "*melek*": "noun, masculine singular - king", "*wa-yōṣiʾuhû*": "conjunction + imperfect, 3rd plural masculine, Hiphil + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - and they brought him out", "*wa-yisqəluhû*": "conjunction + imperfect, 3rd plural masculine, Qal + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - and they stoned him", "*wa-yāmōt*": "conjunction + imperfect, 3rd singular masculine, Qal - and he died" }, "variants": { "*bənê-bəlîyaʿal*": "worthless men/scoundrels/sons of wickedness", "*bērak*": "blessed/cursed (euphemism for cursed)", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "God/gods/divine beings" } }
• Ps 50:20 : 20 { "verseID": "Psalms.50.20", "source": "תֵּ֭שֵׁב בְּאָחִ֣יךָ תְדַבֵּ֑ר בְּבֶֽן־אִ֝מְּךָ֗ תִּתֶּן־דֹּֽפִי׃", "text": "*Teshev* against-*achicha* *tedabber* against-*ben*-*immecha* *titten*-*dophi*", "grammar": { "*Teshev*": "verb, Qal imperfect, 2nd person masculine singular - you sit", "*achicha*": "noun, masculine, singular with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your brother", "*tedabber*": "verb, Piel imperfect, 2nd person masculine singular - you speak", "*ben*": "noun, masculine, singular construct - son of", "*immecha*": "noun, feminine, singular with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your mother", "*titten*": "verb, Qal imperfect, 2nd person masculine singular - you give", "*dophi*": "noun, masculine, singular - slander" }, "variants": { "*teshev*": "you sit/you are sitting", "*tedabber*": "you speak against/slander", "*titten-dophi*": "give slander/place a fault/lay a blot" } }
• Ps 101:5 : 5 { "verseID": "Psalms.101.5", "source": "מְלָשְׁנִ֬י בַסֵּ֨תֶר ׀ רֵעֵהוּ֮ אוֹת֢וֹ אַ֫צְמִ֥ית גְּֽבַהּ־עֵ֭ינַיִם וּרְחַ֣ב לֵבָ֑ב אֹ֝ת֗וֹ לֹ֣א אוּכָֽל׃", "text": "One who *mĕlāshĕnî* in *sēter* *rēʿēhû*, him I will *ʾaṣmît*. *Gĕbah*-*ʿênayim* and-*rĕḥab* *lēbāb*, him not I will *ʾûkāl*.", "grammar": { "*mĕlāshĕnî*": "Poel participle masculine singular - one who slanders/defames", "*sēter*": "masculine singular noun with prepositional prefix ba- (in) - secret/hiding place", "*rēʿēhû*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd person masculine singular possessive suffix - his neighbor/companion", "*ʾaṣmît*": "Hiphil imperfect 1st person singular - I will destroy/cut off/silence", "*Gĕbah*": "adjective masculine singular construct - high/lofty/proud", "*ʿênayim*": "dual noun - eyes", "*rĕḥab*": "adjective masculine singular construct - wide/broad/proud", "*lēbāb*": "masculine singular noun - heart/mind/inner self", "*ʾûkāl*": "Qal imperfect 1st person singular - I will endure/tolerate/be able to bear" }, "variants": { "*mĕlāshĕnî*": "one who slanders/one who defames/one who speaks against secretly", "*sēter*": "secret/secrecy/hidden place/privacy", "*rēʿēhû*": "his neighbor/his friend/his companion/his fellow", "*ʾaṣmît*": "I will destroy/I will cut off/I will silence/I will put an end to", "*Gĕbah*": "haughty/proud/lofty/high", "*ʿênayim*": "eyes/appearance/sight", "*rĕḥab*": "proud/wide/broad/arrogant", "*lēbāb*": "heart/mind/inner self/will", "*ʾûkāl*": "I will endure/I can tolerate/I will bear with" } }
• Ps 106:28 : 28 { "verseID": "Psalms.106.28", "source": "וַ֭יִּצָּ֣מְדוּ לְבַ֣עַל פְּע֑וֹר וַ֝יֹּאכְל֗וּ זִבְחֵ֥י מֵתִֽים׃", "text": "*wayyiṣṣāmədū* to-*Ba'al* *Pə'ōr* *wayyō'kəlū* *zibḥê* *mētîm*", "grammar": { "*wayyiṣṣāmədū*": "niphal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person plural - and they joined themselves", "*Ba'al*": "proper noun - Baal", "*Pə'ōr*": "proper noun - Peor", "*wayyō'kəlū*": "qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person plural - and they ate", "*zibḥê*": "noun, masculine, plural construct - sacrifices of", "*mētîm*": "adjective, masculine, plural - dead ones" }, "variants": { "*wayyiṣṣāmədū*": "and they joined themselves/attached themselves/yoked themselves", "*zibḥê*": "sacrifices/offerings", "*mētîm*": "dead ones/lifeless beings/corpses" } }
• Prov 10:18 : 18 { "verseID": "Proverbs.10.18", "source": "מְכַסֶּ֣ה שִׂ֭נְאָה שִׂפְתֵי־שָׁ֑קֶר וּמוֹצִ֥א דִ֝בָּ֗ה ה֣וּא כְסִֽיל׃", "text": "*məkasseh* *śinʾāh* *śiptêy*-*šāqer* *û-môṣiʾ* *dibbāh* *hûʾ* *kəsîl*", "grammar": { "*məkasseh*": "Piel participle masculine singular - covering/concealing", "*śinʾāh*": "feminine singular noun - hatred", "*śiptêy*": "feminine dual construct - lips of", "*šāqer*": "masculine singular noun - falsehood/lie", "*û-môṣiʾ*": "conjunction + Hiphil participle masculine singular - and bringing forth", "*dibbāh*": "feminine singular noun - evil report/slander", "*hûʾ*": "3rd person masculine singular pronoun - he", "*kəsîl*": "masculine singular noun - fool" }, "variants": { "*məkasseh*": "covering/concealing/hiding", "*śinʾāh*": "hatred/enmity/hostility", "*śiptêy*": "lips/speech/language", "*šāqer*": "falsehood/lie/deception", "*môṣiʾ*": "bringing forth/uttering/spreading", "*dibbāh*": "evil report/slander/defamation", "*kəsîl*": "fool/stupid person/simpleton" } }
• Prov 18:8 : 8 { "verseID": "Proverbs.18.8", "source": "דִּבְרֵ֣י נִ֭רְגָּן כְּמִֽתְלַהֲמִ֑ים וְ֝הֵ֗ם יָרְד֥וּ חַדְרֵי־בָֽטֶן׃", "text": "*diḇrê* *nirgān* like-*miṯlahamîm* and-they *yārəḏû* *ḥaḏrê*-*ḇāṭen*", "grammar": { "*diḇrê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - words of", "*nirgān*": "noun, masculine singular - whisperer/slanderer/gossip", "*miṯlahamîm*": "verb, hithpael participle, masculine plural - gulping down/devouring eagerly", "*yārəḏû*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd common plural - go down/descend", "*ḥaḏrê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - innermost parts of/chambers of", "*ḇāṭen*": "noun, feminine singular - belly/stomach/innermost being" }, "variants": { "*nirgān*": "whisperer/slanderer/gossip/talebearer", "*miṯlahamîm*": "gulping down/devouring eagerly/delicious morsels/dainties", "*ḥaḏrê*": "innermost parts/chambers/rooms", "*ḇāṭen*": "belly/stomach/womb/innermost being" } }
• Prov 26:22 : 22 { "verseID": "Proverbs.26.22", "source": "דִּבְרֵ֣י נִ֭רְגָּן כְּמִֽתְלַהֲמִ֑ים וְ֝הֵ֗ם יָרְד֥וּ חַדְרֵי־בָֽטֶן׃", "text": "*Divrei* *nirgan* like-*mitlahamim*, and-they *yaredu* *ḥadrei*-*vaten*.", "grammar": { "*divrei*": "noun, masculine, plural construct - words of", "*nirgan*": "verb, Niphal participle, masculine singular - whisperer/talebearer", "*ke*": "preposition - like", "*mitlahamim*": "verb, Hithpael participle, masculine plural - swallowing greedily", "*ve*": "conjunction - and", "*hem*": "pronoun, 3rd person masculine plural - they", "*yaredu*": "verb, Qal perfect, 3rd person common plural - go down", "*ḥadrei*": "noun, masculine, plural construct - chambers of", "*vaten*": "noun, masculine, singular - belly/innermost being" }, "variants": { "*divrei*": "words of/sayings of", "*nirgan*": "whisperer/talebearer/gossip", "*mitlahamim*": "delicious morsels/dainty bits/things swallowed greedily", "*yaredu*": "go down/descend", "*ḥadrei*": "chambers of/rooms of/innermost parts of", "*vaten*": "belly/abdomen/innermost being" } }
• Jer 6:28 : 28 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.6.28", "source": "כֻּלָּם֙ סָרֵ֣י סֽוֹרְרִ֔ים הֹלְכֵ֥י רָכִ֖יל נְחֹ֣שֶׁת וּבַרְזֶ֑ל כֻּלָּ֥ם מַשְׁחִיתִ֖ים הֵֽמָּה׃", "text": "All-of-them *sārê* *sôrərîm* *hōləḵê* *rāḵîl* *nəḥōšet* and-*barzel* all-of-them *mašḥîtîm* they.", "grammar": { "*sārê*": "qal participle, masculine plural construct - rebels of", "*sôrərîm*": "qal participle, masculine plural - rebellious ones", "*hōləḵê*": "qal participle, masculine plural construct - those who walk in", "*rāḵîl*": "noun, masculine singular - slander", "*nəḥōšet*": "noun, feminine singular - bronze/copper", "*barzel*": "noun, masculine singular - iron", "*mašḥîtîm*": "hiphil participle, masculine plural - destroyers/corrupters" }, "variants": { "*sārê* *sôrərîm*": "extreme rebels/most rebellious ones", "*hōləḵê* *rāḵîl*": "gossips/slanderers/talebearers", "*nəḥōšet* *ûbarzel*": "bronze and iron/stubborn and obstinate", "*mašḥîtîm*": "destroyers/corrupters/ruiners" } }
• Jer 9:4 : 4 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.9.4", "source": "וְאִ֤ישׁ בְּרֵעֵ֙הוּ֙ יְהָתֵ֔לּוּ וֶאֱמֶ֖ת לֹ֣א יְדַבֵּ֑רוּ לִמְּד֧וּ לְשׁוֹנָ֛ם דַּבֶּר־שֶׁ֖קֶר הַעֲוֵ֥ה נִלְאֽוּ׃", "text": "*wĕ'îš* against-*rē'ēhû* *yĕhātēllû* *we'ĕmet* *lō'* *yĕdabbērû* *limdû* *lĕšônām* *dabber*-*šeqer* *ha'ăwēh* *nil'û*", "grammar": { "*wĕ'îš*": "conjunction + masculine noun, singular - and each man", "*rē'ēhû*": "masculine noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix and prefixed preposition - against his neighbor", "*yĕhātēllû*": "imperfect verb, 3rd person masculine plural, piel - they deceive/mock", "*we'ĕmet*": "conjunction + feminine noun - and truth", "*lō'*": "negative particle - not", "*yĕdabbērû*": "imperfect verb, 3rd person masculine plural, piel - they speak", "*limdû*": "perfect verb, 3rd person common plural - they have taught", "*lĕšônām*": "feminine noun with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their tongue", "*dabber*": "infinitive construct, piel - to speak", "*šeqer*": "masculine noun - falsehood/lie", "*ha'ăwēh*": "infinitive absolute, hiphil - acting perversely", "*nil'û*": "perfect verb, 3rd person common plural, niphal - they are weary/exhausted" }, "variants": { "*rē'ēhû*": "his neighbor/friend/companion", "*yĕhātēllû*": "they deceive/mock/delude", "*'ĕmet*": "truth/faithfulness/reliability", "*yĕdabbērû*": "they speak/tell/declare", "*limdû*": "they have taught/trained/instructed", "*lĕšônām*": "their tongue/language/speech", "*dabber*": "to speak/tell/say", "*šeqer*": "falsehood/lie/deception", "*ha'ăwēh*": "acting perversely/committing iniquity/doing wrong", "*nil'û*": "they are weary/exhausted/tired" } }
• Jer 37:13-15 : 13 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.37.13", "source": "וַיְהִי־ה֞וּא בְּשַׁ֣עַר בִּנְיָמִ֗ן וְשָׁם֙ בַּ֣עַל פְּקִדֻ֔ת וּשְׁמוֹ֙ יִרְאִיָּ֔יה בֶּן־שֶֽׁלֶמְיָ֖ה בֶּן־חֲנַנְיָ֑ה וַיִּתְפֹּ֞שׂ אֶֽת־יִרְמְיָ֤הוּ הַנָּבִיא֙ לֵאמֹ֔ר אֶל־הַכַּשְׂדִּ֖ים אַתָּ֥ה נֹפֵֽל׃", "text": "And-*wayəhî*-he in-*šaʿar* *Binyāmin* and-there *baʿal* *pəqidut* and-*šəmô* *Yirʾiyyāh* son-of-*Šelemyāh* son-of-*Ḥănanyāh* and-*wayyitpōś* *ʾet*-*Yirməyāhû* the-*nāḇîʾ* *lēʾmōr* to-the-*Kaśdîm* you *nōp̄ēl*.", "grammar": { "*wayəhî*": "waw-consecutive + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he was", "*šaʿar*": "masculine singular construct - gate of", "*Binyāmin*": "proper noun - Benjamin", "*baʿal*": "masculine singular construct - master of/officer of", "*pəqidut*": "feminine singular noun - oversight/guard", "*šəmô*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his name", "*Yirʾiyyāh*": "proper noun - Irijah", "*Šelemyāh*": "proper noun - Shelemiah", "*Ḥănanyāh*": "proper noun - Hananiah", "*wayyitpōś*": "waw-consecutive + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he seized", "*Yirməyāhû*": "proper noun - Jeremiah", "*nāḇîʾ*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - the prophet", "*lēʾmōr*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct - saying", "*Kaśdîm*": "proper noun with definite article - the Chaldeans", "*nōp̄ēl*": "Qal participle masculine singular - falling/deserting" }, "variants": { "*baʿal* *pəqidut*": "captain of the guard/officer on duty", "*nōp̄ēl*": "defecting/deserting/going over to" } } 14 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.37.14", "source": "וַיֹּ֨אמֶר יִרְמְיָ֜הוּ שֶׁ֗קֶר אֵינֶ֤נִּי נֹפֵל֙ עַל־הַכַּשְׂדִּ֔ים וְלֹ֥א שָׁמַ֖ע אֵלָ֑יו וַיִּתְפֹּ֤שׂ יִרְאִיָּיה֙ בְּיִרְמְיָ֔הוּ וַיְבִאֵ֖הוּ אֶל־הַשָּׂרִֽים׃", "text": "And-*wayyōʾmer* *Yirməyāhû* *šeqer* *ʾênennî* *nōp̄ēl* to-the-*Kaśdîm* and-not *šāmaʿ* to-him and-*wayyitpōś* *Yirʾiyyāh* in-*Yirməyāhû* and-*wayḇiʾēhû* to-the-*śārîm*.", "grammar": { "*wayyōʾmer*": "waw-consecutive + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he said", "*Yirməyāhû*": "proper noun - Jeremiah", "*šeqer*": "masculine singular noun - lie/falsehood", "*ʾênennî*": "negative particle with 1st person singular suffix - I am not", "*nōp̄ēl*": "Qal participle masculine singular - falling/deserting", "*Kaśdîm*": "proper noun with definite article - the Chaldeans", "*šāmaʿ*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - listened/heeded", "*wayyitpōś*": "waw-consecutive + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he seized", "*Yirʾiyyāh*": "proper noun - Irijah", "*wayḇiʾēhû*": "waw-consecutive + Hiphil imperfect 3rd masculine singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - and he brought him", "*śārîm*": "masculine plural noun with definite article - the officials/princes" }, "variants": { "*šeqer*": "falsehood/lie/untrue", "*nōp̄ēl* to": "deserting to/defecting to/going over to" } } 15 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.37.15", "source": "וַיִּקְצְפ֧וּ הַשָּׂרִ֛ים עַֽל־יִרְמְיָ֖הוּ וְהִכּ֣וּ אֹת֑וֹ וְנָתְנ֨וּ אוֹת֜וֹ בֵּ֣ית הָאֵס֗וּר בֵּ֚ית יְהוֹנָתָ֣ן הַסֹּפֵ֔ר כִּֽי־אֹת֥וֹ עָשׂ֖וּ לְבֵ֥ית הַכֶּֽלֶא׃", "text": "And-*wayyiqṣəp̄û* the-*śārîm* on-*Yirməyāhû* and-*wəhikkû* *ʾōtô* and-*wənātənû* *ʾôtô* *bêt* the-*ʾēsûr* *bêt* *Yəhônātān* the-*sōp̄ēr* for-*ʾōtô* *ʿāśû* to-*bêt* the-*keleʾ*.", "grammar": { "*wayyiqṣəp̄û*": "waw-consecutive + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural - and they were angry", "*śārîm*": "masculine plural noun with definite article - the officials/princes", "*Yirməyāhû*": "proper noun - Jeremiah", "*wəhikkû*": "waw + Hiphil perfect 3rd common plural - and they struck/beat", "*ʾōtô*": "direct object marker with 3rd masculine singular suffix - him", "*wənātənû*": "waw + Qal perfect 3rd common plural - and they put", "*ʾôtô*": "direct object marker with 3rd masculine singular suffix - him", "*bêt*": "masculine singular construct - house of", "*ʾēsûr*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - the prison/confinement", "*Yəhônātān*": "proper noun - Jonathan", "*sōp̄ēr*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - the scribe", "*ʿāśû*": "Qal perfect 3rd common plural - they had made", "*keleʾ*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - the prison" }, "variants": { "*wayyiqṣəp̄û* on": "were angry with/were furious against", "*bêt* the-*ʾēsûr*": "house of bondage/prison house", "*bêt* the-*keleʾ*": "prison house/place of confinement" } }
• Jer 38:4-6 : 4 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.38.4", "source": "וַיֹּאמְר֨וּ הַשָּׂרִ֜ים אֶל־הַמֶּ֗לֶךְ י֣וּמַת נָא֮ אֶת־הָאִ֣ישׁ הַזֶּה֒ כִּֽי־עַל־כֵּ֡ן הֽוּא־מְרַפֵּ֡א אֶת־יְדֵי֩ אַנְשֵׁ֨י הַמִּלְחָמָ֜ה הַֽנִּשְׁאָרִ֣ים ׀ בָּעִ֣יר הַזֹּ֗את וְאֵת֙ יְדֵ֣י כָל־הָעָ֔ם לְדַבֵּ֣ר אֲלֵיהֶ֔ם כַּדְּבָרִ֖ים הָאֵ֑לֶּה כִּ֣י ׀ הָאִ֣ישׁ הַזֶּ֗ה אֵינֶ֨נּוּ דֹרֵ֧שׁ לְשָׁל֛וֹם לָעָ֥ם הַזֶּ֖ה כִּ֥י אִם־לְרָעָֽה׃", "text": "And *wə-yōʾmərû* the-*śārîm* to-the-*meleḵ*, let-*yûmat* *nāʾ* *ʾēt*-the-*ʾîš* the-*zeh*, for-*kî*-upon-*kēn* he-is-*mərappēʾ* *ʾēt*-*yəḏê* *ʾanšê* the-*milḥāmāh* the-*niš'ārîm* in-the-*ʿîr* the-*zōʾt* and-*ʾēt*-*yəḏê* all-the-*ʿām* by-*lə-ḏabbēr* to-them like-the-*dəḇārîm* the-*ʾēlleh*; for-*kî* the-*ʾîš* the-*zeh* *ʾênenû* *dōrēš* for-*šālôm* to-the-*ʿām* the-*zeh* *kî* if-*ʾim*-for-*rāʿāh*", "grammar": { "*wə-yōʾmərû*": "waw-consecutive + qal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - and they said", "*śārîm*": "noun, masculine plural - princes/officials", "*meleḵ*": "noun, masculine singular - king", "*yûmat*": "hophal imperfect jussive, 3rd masculine singular - let him be put to death", "*nāʾ*": "particle of entreaty - please/now", "*ʾēt*": "direct object marker", "*ʾîš*": "noun, masculine singular - man", "*zeh*": "demonstrative pronoun, masculine singular - this", "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*kēn*": "adverb - thus/so/therefore", "*mərappēʾ*": "piel participle, masculine singular - weakening/enfeebling", "*yəḏê*": "noun, feminine dual construct - hands of", "*ʾanšê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - men of", "*milḥāmāh*": "noun, feminine singular - war/battle", "*niš'ārîm*": "niphal participle, masculine plural - remaining/left", "*ʿîr*": "noun, feminine singular - city", "*zōʾt*": "demonstrative pronoun, feminine singular - this", "*ʿām*": "noun, masculine singular - people", "*lə-ḏabbēr*": "preposition + piel infinitive construct - by speaking", "*dəḇārîm*": "noun, masculine plural - words/things", "*ʾēlleh*": "demonstrative pronoun, common plural - these", "*ʾênenû*": "particle of negation + 3rd masculine singular suffix - he is not", "*dōrēš*": "qal participle, masculine singular - seeking", "*šālôm*": "noun, masculine singular - peace/welfare", "*zeh*": "demonstrative pronoun, masculine singular - this", "*kî* *ʾim*": "conjunction pair - but rather/except", "*rāʿāh*": "noun, feminine singular - evil/harm/calamity" }, "variants": { "*mərappēʾ*": "weakening/enfeebling/discouraging/making slack", "*yəḏê*": "hands/strength/power", "*niš'ārîm*": "remaining/surviving/left", "*dōrēš*": "seeking/pursuing/inquiring", "*šālôm*": "peace/welfare/well-being/prosperity", "*rāʿāh*": "evil/harm/calamity/disaster" } } 5 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.38.5", "source": "וַיֹּ֙אמֶר֙ הַמֶּ֣לֶךְ צִדְקִיָּ֔הוּ הִנֵּה־ה֖וּא בְּיֶדְכֶ֑ם כִּֽי־אֵ֣ין הַמֶּ֔לֶךְ יוּכַ֥ל אֶתְכֶ֖ם דָּבָֽר׃", "text": "And *wə-yōʾmer* the-*meleḵ* *Ṣiḏqiyyāhû*, *hinnēh*-he in-*yeḏḵem* for-*kî*-*ʾên* the-*meleḵ* *yûḵal* *ʾetḵem* *dāḇār*", "grammar": { "*wə-yōʾmer*": "waw-consecutive + qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he said", "*meleḵ*": "noun, masculine singular - king", "*Ṣiḏqiyyāhû*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Zedekiah", "*hinnēh*": "demonstrative particle - behold/look", "*yeḏḵem*": "noun, feminine singular construct + 2nd masculine plural suffix - your hand", "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*ʾên*": "particle of negation - there is not", "*meleḵ*": "noun, masculine singular - king", "*yûḵal*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - able/can", "*ʾetḵem*": "direct object marker + 2nd masculine plural suffix - against you", "*dāḇār*": "noun, masculine singular - word/thing/matter" }, "variants": { "*hinnēh*": "behold/lo/see", "*yeḏḵem*": "your hand/power/control", "*yûḵal*": "is able/can prevail/can do", "*dāḇār*": "word/thing/matter/anything" } } 6 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.38.6", "source": "וַיִּקְח֣וּ אֶֽת־יִרְמְיָ֗הוּ וַיַּשְׁלִ֨כוּ אֹת֜וֹ אֶל־הַבּ֣וֹר ׀ מַלְכִּיָּ֣הוּ בֶן־הַמֶּ֗לֶךְ אֲשֶׁר֙ בַּחֲצַ֣ר הַמַּטָּרָ֔ה וַיְשַׁלְּח֥וּ אֶֽת־יִרְמְיָ֖הוּ בַּחֲבָלִ֑ים וּבַבּ֤וֹר אֵֽין־מַ֙יִם֙ כִּ֣י אִם־טִ֔יט וַיִּטְבַּ֥ע יִרְמְיָ֖הוּ בַּטִּֽיט׃", "text": "And *wə-yiqqəḥû* *ʾet*-*Yirməyāhû* and *wə-yašliḵû* *ʾōtô* into-the-*bôr* of-*Malkiyyāhû* son-of-the-*meleḵ* which in-the-*ḥăṣar* the-*maṭṭārāh*, and-*wə-yəšalləḥû* *ʾet*-*Yirməyāhû* with-*ḥăḇālîm*; and-in-the-*bôr* *ʾên*-*mayim* *kî* *ʾim*-*ṭîṭ* and-*wə-yiṭbaʿ* *Yirməyāhû* in-the-*ṭîṭ*", "grammar": { "*wə-yiqqəḥû*": "waw-consecutive + qal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - and they took", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*Yirməyāhû*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Jeremiah", "*wə-yašliḵû*": "waw-consecutive + hiphil imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - and they threw", "*ʾōtô*": "direct object marker + 3rd masculine singular suffix - him", "*bôr*": "noun, masculine singular construct - pit/cistern of", "*Malkiyyāhû*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Malchiah", "*meleḵ*": "noun, masculine singular - king", "*ḥăṣar*": "noun, masculine singular construct - court of", "*maṭṭārāh*": "noun, feminine singular - guard/prison", "*wə-yəšalləḥû*": "waw-consecutive + piel imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - and they let down", "*ḥăḇālîm*": "noun, masculine plural - ropes", "*ʾên*": "particle of negation - there was no", "*mayim*": "noun, masculine plural - water", "*kî* *ʾim*": "conjunction pair - but only", "*ṭîṭ*": "noun, masculine singular - mud/mire", "*wə-yiṭbaʿ*": "waw-consecutive + qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he sank", "*ṭîṭ*": "noun, masculine singular - mud/mire" }, "variants": { "*bôr*": "pit/cistern/dungeon", "*ḥăṣar*": "court/yard/enclosure", "*maṭṭārāh*": "guard/prison/place of confinement", "*wə-yəšalləḥû*": "and they let down/sent down", "*ḥăḇālîm*": "ropes/cords", "*ṭîṭ*": "mud/mire/clay" } }
• Hos 6:9 : 9 { "verseID": "Hosea.6.9", "source": "וּכְחַכֵּ֨י אִ֜ישׁ גְּדוּדִ֗ים חֶ֚בֶר כֹּֽהֲנִ֔ים דֶּ֖רֶךְ יְרַצְּחוּ־שֶׁ֑כְמָה כִּ֥י זִמָּ֖ה עָשֽׂוּ׃", "text": "And-like-*ḥakkê* *ʾîš* *gәḏûḏîm* *ḥeḇer* *kōhănîm* *dereḵ* *yәraṣṣәḥû*-*šeḵәmāh*, for *zimmāh* *'āśû*", "grammar": { "*ḥakkê*": "Piel participle, masculine plural construct - waiters for/lurkers for", "*ʾîš*": "noun, masculine singular - man", "*gәḏûḏîm*": "noun, masculine plural - troops/bandits/raiders", "*ḥeḇer*": "noun, masculine singular construct - company of/band of", "*kōhănîm*": "noun, masculine plural - priests", "*dereḵ*": "noun, masculine singular - way/road", "*yәraṣṣәḥû*": "Piel imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural - they murder", "*šeḵәmāh*": "proper noun + directional he - toward Shechem", "*zimmāh*": "noun, feminine singular - wickedness/lewdness", "*'āśû*": "perfect, 3rd person plural - they did/committed" }, "variants": { "*ḥakkê*": "those waiting for/lurking for/lying in wait for", "*gәḏûḏîm*": "troops/bandits/marauders/raiders", "*ḥeḇer*": "company of/band of/gang of", "*dereḵ*": "way/road/highway/path", "*zimmāh*": "wickedness/lewdness/heinous crime/evil purpose" } }
• Hos 7:4 : 4 { "verseID": "Hosea.7.4", "source": "כֻּלָּם֙ מְנָ֣אֲפִ֔ים כְּמ֣וֹ תַנּ֔וּר בֹּעֵ֖רָה מֵֽאֹפֶ֑ה יִשְׁבּ֣וֹת מֵעִ֔יר מִלּ֥וּשׁ בָּצֵ֖ק עַד־חֻמְצָתֽוֹ׃", "text": "All of them *mənāʾăp̄îm* like *tannûr* *bōʿērâ* from *ʾōp̄eh* *yišbôt* from *ʿîr* *millûš* *bāṣēq* until-*ḥumṣātô*.", "grammar": { "*mənāʾăp̄îm*": "piel participle masculine plural - committing adultery/being adulterers", "*tannûr*": "noun, masculine singular - oven/furnace", "*bōʿērâ*": "qal participle feminine singular - burning", "*ʾōp̄eh*": "qal participle masculine singular - baker", "*yišbôt*": "qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - he ceases/rests", "*ʿîr*": "verb, hiphil infinitive construct - stirring/rousing", "*millûš*": "qal infinitive construct with prefix *min* - from kneading", "*bāṣēq*": "noun, masculine singular - dough", "*ḥumṣātô*": "noun, feminine singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - its leavening/rising" }, "variants": { "*mənāʾăp̄îm*": "adulterers/idolaters/unfaithful ones", "*tannûr*": "oven/furnace", "*bōʿērâ*": "burning/kindled/heated", "*ʾōp̄eh*": "baker/one who bakes", "*yišbôt*": "ceases/stops/rests", "*ʿîr*": "stirring/rousing/awakening", "*millûš*": "kneading/mixing dough", "*ḥumṣātô*": "its leavening/fermenting/rising" } }
• Matt 26:59 : 59 { "verseID": "Matthew.26.59", "source": "Οἱ δὲ ἀρχιερεῖς, καὶ οἱ πρεσβύτεροι, καὶ τὸ συνέδριον, ὅλον ἐζήτουν ψευδομαρτυρίαν κατὰ τοῦ Ἰησοῦ, ὅπως αὐτὸν θανατώσωσιν·", "text": "The *de* *archiereis*, and the *presbyteroi*, and the *synedrion*, *holon* *ezētoun* *pseudomartyrian* *kata* the *Iēsou*, *hopōs* him *thanatōsōsin*;", "grammar": { "*de*": "postpositive conjunction - but/and", "*archiereis*": "nominative masculine plural - chief priests", "*presbyteroi*": "nominative masculine plural - elders", "*synedrion*": "nominative neuter singular - council/Sanhedrin", "*holon*": "nominative neuter singular - whole/entire", "*ezētoun*": "imperfect active indicative, 3rd person plural - were seeking", "*pseudomartyrian*": "accusative feminine singular - false testimony", "*kata*": "preposition + genitive - against", "*Iēsou*": "genitive masculine singular - of Jesus", "*hopōs*": "subordinating conjunction - so that/in order that", "*thanatōsōsin*": "aorist active subjunctive, 3rd person plural - they might put to death" }, "variants": { "*archiereis*": "chief priests/high priests", "*synedrion*": "Sanhedrin/council (Jewish ruling body)", "*ezētoun*": "were seeking/were looking for (continuous action)", "*pseudomartyrian*": "false testimony/false witness", "*thanatōsōsin*": "might put to death/might execute" } }
• Acts 6:11-13 : 11 { "verseID": "Acts.6.11", "source": "Τότε ὑπέβαλον ἄνδρας, λέγοντας, ὅτι Ἀκηκόαμεν αὐτοῦ λαλοῦντος ῥήματα βλάσφημα εἰς Μωσῆν, καὶ τὸν Θεόν.", "text": "Then *hypebalon* *andras*, *legontas*, that *Akēkoamen* of him *lalountos* *rēmata* *blasphēma* against *Mōsēn*, and *ton* *Theon*.", "grammar": { "*hypebalon*": "aorist, active, indicative, 3rd person, plural - secretly instigated/induced", "*andras*": "accusative, masculine, plural - men", "*legontas*": "present, active, participle, accusative, masculine, plural - saying", "*Akēkoamen*": "perfect, active, indicative, 1st person, plural - we have heard", "*lalountos*": "present, active, participle, genitive, masculine, singular - speaking", "*rēmata*": "accusative, neuter, plural - words/sayings", "*blasphēma*": "accusative, neuter, plural, adjective - blasphemous", "*Mōsēn*": "accusative, masculine, singular - Moses", "*ton*": "accusative, masculine, singular, article - the", "*Theon*": "accusative, masculine, singular - God" }, "variants": { "*hypebalon*": "secretly instigated/induced/suborned", "*legontas*": "saying/declaring/stating", "*Akēkoamen*": "we have heard/we heard", "*lalountos*": "speaking/talking/uttering", "*rēmata*": "words/sayings/statements", "*blasphēma*": "blasphemous/slanderous/defaming" } } 12 { "verseID": "Acts.6.12", "source": "Συνεκίνησάν τε τὸν λαὸν, καὶ τοὺς πρεσβυτέρους, καὶ τοὺς γραμματεῖς, καὶ ἐπιστάντες, συνήρπασαν αὐτόν, καὶ ἤγαγον εἰς τὸ συνέδριον,", "text": "*Synekinēsan* *te* the *laon*, and the *presbyterous*, and the *grammateis*, and *epistantes*, *synērpasan* him, and *ēgagon* to the *synedrion*,", "grammar": { "*Synekinēsan*": "aorist, active, indicative, 3rd person, plural - stirred up/incited", "*te*": "conjunction, connective - and/also", "*laon*": "accusative, masculine, singular - people", "*presbyterous*": "accusative, masculine, plural - elders", "*grammateis*": "accusative, masculine, plural - scribes", "*epistantes*": "aorist, active, participle, nominative, masculine, plural - coming upon/approaching suddenly", "*synērpasan*": "aorist, active, indicative, 3rd person, plural - seized violently/arrested", "*ēgagon*": "aorist, active, indicative, 3rd person, plural - led/brought", "*synedrion*": "accusative, neuter, singular - council/Sanhedrin" }, "variants": { "*Synekinēsan*": "stirred up/incited/aroused", "*laon*": "people/population/nation", "*presbyterous*": "elders/older men", "*grammateis*": "scribes/writers/experts in law", "*epistantes*": "coming upon/approaching suddenly/confronting", "*synērpasan*": "seized violently/arrested/snatched", "*ēgagon*": "led/brought/took", "*synedrion*": "council/Sanhedrin/assembly" } } 13 { "verseID": "Acts.6.13", "source": "Ἔστησάν τε μάρτυρας ψευδεῖς, λέγοντας, Ὁ ἄνθρωπος οὗτος οὐ παύεται ῥήματα βλάσφημα λαλῶν κατὰ τοῦ τόπου τοῦ ἁγίου τούτου, καὶ τοῦ νόμου:", "text": "*Estēsan* *te* *martyras* *pseudeis*, *legontas*, The *anthrōpos* this not *pauetai* *rēmata* *blasphēma* *lalōn* *kata* the *topou* the *hagiou* this, and the *nomou*:", "grammar": { "*Estēsan*": "aorist, active, indicative, 3rd person, plural - set up/placed/presented", "*te*": "conjunction, connective - and/also", "*martyras*": "accusative, masculine, plural - witnesses", "*pseudeis*": "accusative, masculine, plural, adjective - false/lying", "*legontas*": "present, active, participle, accusative, masculine, plural - saying", "*anthrōpos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - man/person", "*pauetai*": "present, middle, indicative, 3rd person, singular - ceases/stops", "*rēmata*": "accusative, neuter, plural - words/sayings", "*blasphēma*": "accusative, neuter, plural, adjective - blasphemous", "*lalōn*": "present, active, participle, nominative, masculine, singular - speaking", "*kata*": "preposition + genitive - against", "*topou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - place", "*hagiou*": "genitive, masculine, singular, adjective - holy", "*nomou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - law" }, "variants": { "*Estēsan*": "set up/placed/presented/put forward", "*martyras*": "witnesses/testifiers", "*pseudeis*": "false/lying/untrue", "*legontas*": "saying/declaring/stating", "*anthrōpos*": "man/person/human", "*pauetai*": "ceases/stops/desists", "*rēmata*": "words/sayings/statements", "*blasphēma*": "blasphemous/slanderous/defaming", "*lalōn*": "speaking/talking/uttering", "*topou*": "place/location/temple", "*hagiou*": "holy/sacred", "*nomou*": "law/Torah" } }
• Acts 24:5 : 5 { "verseID": "Acts.24.5", "source": "Εὑρόντες γὰρ τὸν ἄνδρα τοῦτον λοιμόν, καὶ κινοῦντα στάσιν πᾶσιν τοῖς Ἰουδαίοις τοῖς κατὰ τὴν οἰκουμένην, πρωτοστάτην τε τῆς τῶν Ναζωραίων αἱρέσεως:", "text": "*Heurontes* *gar* the *andra* this *loimon*, and *kinounta* *stasin* to all the *Ioudaiois* those throughout the *oikoumenēn*, *prōtostatēn* *te* of the of *Nazōraiōn* *haireseōs*:", "grammar": { "*Heurontes*": "aorist active participle, nominative, masculine, plural - having found", "*gar*": "conjunction - for", "*andra*": "accusative, masculine, singular - man", "*loimon*": "accusative, masculine, singular - pest/plague", "*kinounta*": "present active participle, accusative, masculine, singular - stirring up/causing", "*stasin*": "accusative, feminine, singular - dissension/riot", "*Ioudaiois*": "dative, masculine, plural - Jews", "*oikoumenēn*": "accusative, feminine, singular - inhabited world", "*prōtostatēn*": "accusative, masculine, singular - ringleader/chief", "*te*": "conjunction - and/both", "*Nazōraiōn*": "genitive, masculine, plural - Nazarenes", "*haireseōs*": "genitive, feminine, singular - sect/faction" }, "variants": { "*loimon*": "pest/plague/troublemaker", "*kinounta*": "stirring up/causing/inciting", "*stasin*": "dissension/riot/uprising", "*oikoumenēn*": "inhabited world/empire", "*prōtostatēn*": "ringleader/chief/first one standing", "*haireseōs*": "sect/faction/party" } }
• Acts 24:13 : 13 { "verseID": "Acts.24.13", "source": "Οὔτε παραστῆσαι δύνανται περὶ ὧν νῦν κατηγοροῦσίν μου.", "text": "Neither to *parastēsai* they *dynantai* concerning which things now they *katēgorousin* me.", "grammar": { "*parastēsai*": "aorist active infinitive - to prove/present", "*dynantai*": "present middle/passive indicative, 3rd plural - they are able", "*katēgorousin*": "present active indicative, 3rd plural - they accuse" }, "variants": { "*parastēsai*": "to prove/present/establish", "*dynantai*": "they are able/can", "*katēgorousin*": "they accuse/bring charges against" } }
• 1 Cor 10:18-21 : 18 { "verseID": "1 Corinthians.10.18", "source": "Βλέπετε τὸν Ἰσραὴλ κατὰ σάρκα: οὐχί οἱ ἐσθίοντες τὰς θυσίας κοινωνοὶ τοῦ θυσιαστηρίου εἰσίν;", "text": "*Blepete* the *Israēl* according to *sarka*: *ouchi* the ones *esthiontes* the *thysias* *koinōnoi* of the *thysiastēriou* *eisin*?", "grammar": { "*Blepete*": "present imperative, 2nd person plural - look at/consider", "*Israēl*": "accusative, masculine, singular - Israel", "*sarka*": "accusative, feminine, singular - flesh", "*ouchi*": "interrogative negative particle - not", "*esthiontes*": "present participle, nominative, masculine, plural - eating", "*thysias*": "accusative, feminine, plural - sacrifices", "*koinōnoi*": "nominative, masculine, plural - participants/sharers", "*thysiastēriou*": "genitive, neuter, singular - altar", "*eisin*": "present indicative, 3rd person plural - they are" }, "variants": { "*Blepete*": "look at/observe/consider", "*sarka*": "flesh/physical descent/physical nature", "*esthiontes*": "eating/consuming", "*thysias*": "sacrifices/offerings", "*koinōnoi*": "participants/sharers/partners", "*thysiastēriou*": "altar/place of sacrifice" } } 19 { "verseID": "1 Corinthians.10.19", "source": "Τί οὖν φημι; ὅτι εἰδωλόν τί ἐστιν, ἢ ὅτι εἴδωλοθυτόν τί ἐστιν;", "text": "What *oun* I *phēmi*? that *eidōlon* anything *estin*, or that *eidōlothyton* anything *estin*?", "grammar": { "*oun*": "inferential particle - therefore/then", "*phēmi*": "present indicative, 1st person singular - I say/assert", "*eidōlon*": "nominative, neuter, singular - idol", "*estin*": "present indicative, 3rd person singular - is", "*eidōlothyton*": "nominative, neuter, singular - food offered to idols" }, "variants": { "*phēmi*": "say/assert/declare", "*eidōlon*": "idol/image of a god", "*eidōlothyton*": "food offered to idols/meat sacrificed to idols" } } 20 { "verseID": "1 Corinthians.10.20", "source": "Ἀλλʼ, ὅτι ἃ θύει τά Ἔθνη, δαιμονίοις θύει, καὶ οὐ Θεῷ: οὐ θέλω δὲ ὑμᾶς κοινωνοὺς τῶν δαιμονίων γίνεσθαι.", "text": "*All'*, that what *thyei* the *Ethnē*, to *daimoniois* they *thyousi*, and not to *Theō*: not I *thelō* *de* you *koinōnous* of the *daimoniōn* *ginesthai*", "grammar": { "*All'*": "strong adversative particle - but/however", "*thyei*": "present indicative, 3rd person singular - sacrifices/offers", "*Ethnē*": "nominative, neuter, plural - nations/Gentiles", "*daimoniois*": "dative, neuter, plural - demons", "*thyousi*": "present indicative, 3rd person plural - they sacrifice/offer", "*Theō*": "dative, masculine, singular - God", "*thelō*": "present indicative, 1st person singular - I want/wish", "*de*": "postpositive particle - but/and/now", "*koinōnous*": "accusative, masculine, plural - partners/participants", "*daimoniōn*": "genitive, neuter, plural - demons", "*ginesthai*": "present middle infinitive - to become" }, "variants": { "*thyei*": "sacrifices/offers/slaughters for sacrifice", "*Ethnē*": "nations/Gentiles/pagans", "*daimoniois*": "demons/evil spirits", "*thelō*": "want/wish/desire", "*koinōnous*": "partners/participants/sharers", "*ginesthai*": "to become/be made" } } 21 { "verseID": "1 Corinthians.10.21", "source": "Οὐ δύνασθε ποτήριον Κυρίου πίνειν, καὶ ποτήριον δαιμονίων: οὐ δύνασθε τραπέζης Κυρίου μετέχειν, καὶ τραπέζης δαιμονίων.", "text": "Not you are *dynasthe* *potērion* of *Kyriou* *pinein*, and *potērion* of *daimoniōn*: not you are *dynasthe* *trapezēs* of *Kyriou* *metechein*, and *trapezēs* of *daimoniōn*", "grammar": { "*dynasthe*": "present middle/passive, 2nd person plural - you are able", "*potērion*": "accusative, neuter, singular - cup", "*Kyriou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - Lord", "*pinein*": "present infinitive - to drink", "*daimoniōn*": "genitive, neuter, plural - demons", "*trapezēs*": "genitive, feminine, singular - table", "*metechein*": "present infinitive - to partake/share" }, "variants": { "*dynasthe*": "you are able/can", "*potērion*": "cup/drinking vessel", "*Kyriou*": "Lord/master", "*trapezēs*": "table/meal", "*metechein*": "partake/share/participate in" } }
• Rev 12:9-9 : 9 { "verseID": "Revelation.12.9", "source": "Καὶ ἐβλήθη ὁ δράκων ὁ μέγας, ὁ ὄφις ὁ ἀρχαῖος, ὁ καλούμενος Διάβολος, καὶ Σατανᾶς, ὁ πλανῶν τὴν οἰκουμένην ὅλην: ἐβλήθη εἰς τὴν γῆν, καὶ οἱ ἄγγελοι αὐτοῦ μετʼ αὐτοῦ ἐβλήθησαν.", "text": "And *eblēthē* the *drakōn* the *megas*, the *ophis* the *archaios*, the one *kaloumenos Diabolos*, and *Satanas*, the one *planōn* the *oikoumenēn holēn*: *eblēthē* into the *gēn*, and the *angeloi* of him *met'* him *eblēthēsan*.", "grammar": { "*eblēthē*": "aorist passive, 3rd singular - was cast/thrown", "*drakōn*": "nominative, masculine, singular - dragon", "*megas*": "nominative, masculine, singular - great", "*ophis*": "nominative, masculine, singular - serpent", "*archaios*": "nominative, masculine, singular - ancient/old", "*kaloumenos*": "present passive participle, nominative, masculine, singular - being called", "*Diabolos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - Devil/Slanderer", "*Satanas*": "nominative, masculine, singular - Satan/Adversary", "*planōn*": "present active participle, nominative, masculine, singular - deceiving", "*oikoumenēn*": "accusative, feminine, singular - inhabited world", "*holēn*": "accusative, feminine, singular - whole/entire", "*gēn*": "accusative, feminine, singular - earth/land", "*angeloi*": "nominative, masculine, plural - angels/messengers", "*met'*": "preposition + genitive - with", "*eblēthēsan*": "aorist passive, 3rd plural - were cast/thrown" }, "variants": { "*archaios*": "ancient/old/original", "*Diabolos*": "Devil/Slanderer/Accuser", "*Satanas*": "Satan/Adversary/Opponent", "*planōn*": "deceiving/misleading/causing to wander", "*oikoumenēn*": "inhabited world/earth/empire" } } 10 { "verseID": "Revelation.12.10", "source": "Καὶ ἤκουσα φωνὴν μεγάλην λέγουσαν ἐν τῷ οὐρανῷ, Ἄρτι ἐγένετο ἡ σωτηρία, καὶ ἡ δύναμις, καὶ ἡ βασιλεία τοῦ Θεοῦ ἡμῶν, καὶ ἡ ἐξουσία τοῦ Χριστοῦ αὐτοῦ: ὅτι κατἐβλήθη ὁ κατήγορος τῶν ἀδελφῶν ἡμῶν, ὁ κατηγορῶν αυτῶν ἐνώπιον τοῦ Θεοῦ ἡμῶν ἡμέρας καὶ νυκτός.", "text": "And *ēkousa phōnēn megalēn legousan* in the *ouranō*, *Arti egeneto* the *sōtēria*, and the *dynamis*, and the *basileia* of the *Theou* of us, and the *exousia* of the *Christou* of him: because *kateblēthē* the *katēgoros* of the *adelphōn* of us, the one *katēgorōn* them *enōpion* of the *Theou* of us *hēmeras* and *nyktos*.", "grammar": { "*ēkousa*": "aorist active, 1st singular - I heard", "*phōnēn*": "accusative, feminine, singular - voice/sound", "*megalēn*": "accusative, feminine, singular - great/loud", "*legousan*": "present active participle, accusative, feminine, singular - saying", "*ouranō*": "dative, masculine, singular - heaven", "*Arti*": "adverb - now/at this moment", "*egeneto*": "aorist middle, 3rd singular - has come", "*sōtēria*": "nominative, feminine, singular - salvation", "*dynamis*": "nominative, feminine, singular - power", "*basileia*": "nominative, feminine, singular - kingdom", "*Theou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - God", "*exousia*": "nominative, feminine, singular - authority", "*Christou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - Christ/Anointed One", "*kateblēthē*": "aorist passive, 3rd singular - has been cast down", "*katēgoros*": "nominative, masculine, singular - accuser", "*adelphōn*": "genitive, masculine, plural - brothers", "*katēgorōn*": "present active participle, nominative, masculine, singular - accusing", "*enōpion*": "preposition + genitive - before/in the presence of", "*hēmeras*": "genitive, feminine, singular - day", "*nyktos*": "genitive, feminine, singular - night" }, "variants": { "*phōnēn*": "voice/sound/noise", "*sōtēria*": "salvation/deliverance/preservation", "*dynamis*": "power/might/strength", "*basileia*": "kingdom/reign/sovereignty", "*exousia*": "authority/power/right", "*katēgoros*": "accuser/prosecutor", "*adelphōn*": "brothers/siblings/kinsmen" } }