Lev 20:11-27 : 11 {
"verseID": "Leviticus.20.11",
"source": "וְאִ֗ישׁ אֲשֶׁ֤ר יִשְׁכַּב֙ אֶת־אֵ֣שֶׁת אָבִ֔יו עֶרְוַ֥ת אָבִ֖יו גִּלָּ֑ה מֽוֹת־יוּמְת֥וּ שְׁנֵיהֶ֖ם דְּמֵיהֶ֥ם בָּֽם׃",
"text": "*wᵊ-ʾîš* *ʾăšer* *yiškab* *ʾet*-*ʾēšet* *ʾābîw* *ʿerwat* *ʾābîw* *gillāh* *môt*-*yûmᵊtû* *šᵊnêhem* *dᵊmêhem* in-them",
"grammar": {
"*wᵊ-ʾîš*": "conjunction + noun, masculine singular - and a man",
"*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - who/that",
"*yiškab*": "imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - lies with",
"*ʾet*-*ʾēšet*": "direct object marker + noun, feminine singular construct - wife of",
"*ʾābîw*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his father",
"*ʿerwat*": "noun, feminine singular construct - nakedness of",
"*ʾābîw*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his father",
"*gillāh*": "perfect, 3rd masculine singular, Piel - he has uncovered",
"*môt*-*yûmᵊtû*": "infinitive absolute + imperfect, 3rd masculine plural, Hophal - surely be put to death",
"*šᵊnêhem*": "numeral, masculine dual with 3rd masculine plural suffix - both of them",
"*dᵊmêhem*": "noun, masculine plural with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their blood",
"*bām*": "preposition with 3rd masculine plural suffix - in them/upon them"
},
"variants": {
"*yiškab*": "lies with/has sexual relations with",
"*ʾēšet* *ʾābîw*": "his father's wife/his stepmother",
"*ʿerwat* *ʾābîw* *gillāh*": "he has uncovered his father's nakedness/he has dishonored his father",
"*môt*-*yûmᵊtû*": "must surely be put to death/shall certainly be put to death",
"*dᵊmêhem* *bām*": "their blood is upon them/they are responsible for their own death/their bloodguilt is on themselves"
}
}
12 {
"verseID": "Leviticus.20.12",
"source": "וְאִ֗ישׁ אֲשֶׁ֤ר יִשְׁכַּב֙ אֶת־כַּלָּת֔וֹ מ֥וֹת יוּמְת֖וּ שְׁנֵיהֶ֑ם תֶּ֥בֶל עָשׂ֖וּ דְּמֵיהֶ֥ם בָּֽם׃",
"text": "*wᵊ-ʾîš* *ʾăšer* *yiškab* *ʾet*-*kallātô* *môt* *yûmᵊtû* *šᵊnêhem* *tebel* *ʿāśû* *dᵊmêhem* in-them",
"grammar": {
"*wᵊ-ʾîš*": "conjunction + noun, masculine singular - and a man",
"*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - who/that",
"*yiškab*": "imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - lies with",
"*ʾet*-*kallātô*": "direct object marker + noun, feminine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his daughter-in-law",
"*môt* *yûmᵊtû*": "infinitive absolute + imperfect, 3rd masculine plural, Hophal - surely be put to death",
"*šᵊnêhem*": "numeral, masculine dual with 3rd masculine plural suffix - both of them",
"*tebel*": "noun, masculine singular - perversion/confusion",
"*ʿāśû*": "perfect, 3rd common plural - they have done/committed",
"*dᵊmêhem*": "noun, masculine plural with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their blood",
"*bām*": "preposition with 3rd masculine plural suffix - in them/upon them"
},
"variants": {
"*yiškab*": "lies with/has sexual relations with",
"*kallātô*": "his daughter-in-law/his son's wife",
"*môt* *yûmᵊtû*": "must surely be put to death/shall certainly be put to death",
"*tebel*": "perversion/confusion/mixture/disorder",
"*dᵊmêhem* *bām*": "their blood is upon them/they are responsible for their own death/their bloodguilt is on themselves"
}
}
13 {
"verseID": "Leviticus.20.13",
"source": "וְאִ֗ישׁ אֲשֶׁ֨ר יִשְׁכַּ֤ב אֶת־זָכָר֙ מִשְׁכְּבֵ֣י אִשָּׁ֔ה תּוֹעֵבָ֥ה עָשׂ֖וּ שְׁנֵיהֶ֑ם מ֥וֹת יוּמָ֖תוּ דְּמֵיהֶ֥ם בָּֽם׃",
"text": "*wᵊ-ʾîš* *ʾăšer* *yiškab* *ʾet*-*zākār* *miškᵊbê* *ʾiššāh* *tôʿēbāh* *ʿāśû* *šᵊnêhem* *môt* *yûmātû* *dᵊmêhem* in-them",
"grammar": {
"*wᵊ-ʾîš*": "conjunction + noun, masculine singular - and a man",
"*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - who/that",
"*yiškab*": "imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - lies with",
"*ʾet*-*zākār*": "direct object marker + noun, masculine singular - a male",
"*miškᵊbê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - lyings of",
"*ʾiššāh*": "noun, feminine singular - woman",
"*tôʿēbāh*": "noun, feminine singular - abomination",
"*ʿāśû*": "perfect, 3rd common plural - they have done/committed",
"*šᵊnêhem*": "numeral, masculine dual with 3rd masculine plural suffix - both of them",
"*môt* *yûmātû*": "infinitive absolute + imperfect, 3rd masculine plural, Hophal - surely be put to death",
"*dᵊmêhem*": "noun, masculine plural with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their blood",
"*bām*": "preposition with 3rd masculine plural suffix - in them/upon them"
},
"variants": {
"*yiškab*": "lies with/has sexual relations with",
"*zākār*": "male/man",
"*miškᵊbê* *ʾiššāh*": "as one lies with a woman/as with a woman",
"*tôʿēbāh*": "abomination/detestable act/detestable thing",
"*môt* *yûmātû*": "must surely be put to death/shall certainly be put to death",
"*dᵊmêhem* *bām*": "their blood is upon them/they are responsible for their own death/their bloodguilt is on themselves"
}
}
14 {
"verseID": "Leviticus.20.14",
"source": "וְאִ֗ישׁ אֲשֶׁ֨ר יִקַּ֧ח אֶת־אִשָּׁ֛ה וְאֶת־אִמָּ֖הּ זִמָּ֣ה הִ֑וא בָּאֵ֞שׁ יִשְׂרְפ֤וּ אֹתוֹ֙ וְאֶתְהֶ֔ן וְלֹא־תִהְיֶ֥ה זִמָּ֖ה בְּתוֹכְכֶֽם׃",
"text": "*wᵊ-ʾîš* *ʾăšer* *yiqqaḥ* *ʾet*-*ʾiššāh* and-*ʾet*-*ʾimmāh* *zimmāh* she in-*bā-ʾēš* *yiśrᵊpû* *ʾōtô* and-them and-not-*tihyeh* *zimmāh* in-midst-of-you",
"grammar": {
"*wᵊ-ʾîš*": "conjunction + noun, masculine singular - and a man",
"*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - who/that",
"*yiqqaḥ*": "imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - takes",
"*ʾet*-*ʾiššāh*": "direct object marker + noun, feminine singular - a woman",
"*wᵊ-ʾet*-*ʾimmāh*": "conjunction + direct object marker + noun, feminine singular with 3rd feminine singular suffix - and her mother",
"*zimmāh*": "noun, feminine singular - wickedness/depravity",
"*hiwʾ*": "3rd feminine singular personal pronoun - it/she",
"*bā-ʾēš*": "preposition + definite article + noun, feminine singular - in the fire",
"*yiśrᵊpû*": "imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - they shall burn",
"*ʾōtô*": "direct object marker + 3rd masculine singular suffix - him",
"*wᵊ-ʾethen*": "conjunction + direct object marker + 3rd feminine plural suffix - and them",
"*wᵊ-lōʾ*": "conjunction + negative particle - and not",
"*tihyeh*": "imperfect, 3rd feminine singular - will be",
"*zimmāh*": "noun, feminine singular - wickedness/depravity",
"*bᵊ-tôkᵊkem*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular with 2nd masculine plural suffix - in your midst"
},
"variants": {
"*yiqqaḥ*": "takes/marries/has relations with",
"*zimmāh*": "wickedness/depravity/lewdness/shameful act",
"*yiśrᵊpû*": "shall burn/shall burn to death/shall consume with fire",
"*tihyeh*": "will be/shall exist",
"*bᵊ-tôkᵊkem*": "in your midst/among you"
}
}
15 {
"verseID": "Leviticus.20.15",
"source": "וְאִ֗ישׁ אֲשֶׁ֨ר יִתֵּ֧ן שְׁכָבְתּ֛וֹ בִּבְהֵמָ֖ה מ֣וֹת יוּמָ֑ת וְאֶת־הַבְּהֵמָ֖ה תַּהֲרֹֽגוּ׃",
"text": "*wᵊ-ʾîš* *ʾăšer* *yittēn* *šᵊkābtô* in-*bihēmāh* *môt* *yûmāt* and-*ʾet*-*ha-bᵊhēmāh* *taharōgû*",
"grammar": {
"*wᵊ-ʾîš*": "conjunction + noun, masculine singular - and a man",
"*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - who/that",
"*yittēn*": "imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - gives/puts",
"*šᵊkābtô*": "noun, feminine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his emission/lying",
"*bi-bhēmāh*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular - in/with an animal",
"*môt* *yûmāt*": "infinitive absolute + imperfect, 3rd masculine singular, Hophal - surely be put to death",
"*wᵊ-ʾet*-*ha-bᵊhēmāh*": "conjunction + direct object marker + definite article + noun, feminine singular - and the animal",
"*taharōgû*": "imperfect, 2nd masculine plural - you shall kill"
},
"variants": {
"*yittēn* *šᵊkābtô*": "gives his emission/has sexual relations",
"*bihēmāh*": "animal/beast",
"*môt* *yûmāt*": "must surely be put to death/shall certainly be put to death",
"*taharōgû*": "you shall kill/you shall slay"
}
}
16 {
"verseID": "Leviticus.20.16",
"source": "וְאִשָּׁ֗ה אֲשֶׁ֨ר תִּקְרַ֤ב אֶל־כָּל־בְּהֵמָה֙ לְרִבְעָ֣ה אֹתָ֔הּ וְהָרַגְתָּ֥ אֶת־הָאִשָּׁ֖ה וְאֶת־הַבְּהֵמָ֑ה מ֥וֹת יוּמָ֖תוּ דְּמֵיהֶ֥ם בָּֽם׃",
"text": "*wᵊ-ʾiššāh* *ʾăšer* *tiqrab* to-any-*bᵊhēmāh* to-*ribʿāh* *ʾōtāh* *wᵊ-hāragtā* *ʾet*-*hā-ʾiššāh* and-*ʾet*-*ha-bᵊhēmāh* *môt* *yûmātû* *dᵊmêhem* in-them",
"grammar": {
"*wᵊ-ʾiššāh*": "conjunction + noun, feminine singular - and a woman",
"*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - who/that",
"*tiqrab*": "imperfect, 3rd feminine singular - approaches/draws near",
"*ʾel*-*kol*-*bᵊhēmāh*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular construct + noun, feminine singular - to any animal",
"*lᵊ-ribʿāh*": "preposition + infinitive construct with 3rd feminine singular suffix - to have it mate with her",
"*ʾōtāh*": "direct object marker + 3rd feminine singular suffix - it/her",
"*wᵊ-hāragtā*": "conjunction + perfect, 2nd masculine singular - and you shall kill",
"*ʾet*-*hā-ʾiššāh*": "direct object marker + definite article + noun, feminine singular - the woman",
"*wᵊ-ʾet*-*ha-bᵊhēmāh*": "conjunction + direct object marker + definite article + noun, feminine singular - and the animal",
"*môt* *yûmātû*": "infinitive absolute + imperfect, 3rd masculine plural, Hophal - surely be put to death",
"*dᵊmêhem*": "noun, masculine plural with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their blood",
"*bām*": "preposition with 3rd masculine plural suffix - in them/upon them"
},
"variants": {
"*tiqrab*": "approaches/draws near to/presents herself to",
"*ribʿāh*": "to have it mate with her/for sexual contact",
"*hāragtā*": "you shall kill/you shall put to death",
"*môt* *yûmātû*": "must surely be put to death/shall certainly be put to death",
"*dᵊmêhem* *bām*": "their blood is upon them/they are responsible for their own death/their bloodguilt is on themselves"
}
}
17 {
"verseID": "Leviticus.20.17",
"source": "וְאִ֣ישׁ אֲשֶׁר־יִקַּ֣ח אֶת־אֲחֹת֡וֹ בַּת־אָבִ֣יו א֣וֹ בַת־אִ֠מּוֹ וְרָאָ֨ה אֶת־עֶרְוָתָ֜הּ וְהִֽיא־תִרְאֶ֤ה אֶת־עֶרְוָתוֹ֙ חֶ֣סֶד ה֔וּא וְנִ֨כְרְת֔וּ לְעֵינֵ֖י בְּנֵ֣י עַמָּ֑ם עֶרְוַ֧ת אֲחֹת֛וֹ גִּלָּ֖ה עֲוֺנ֥וֹ יִשָּֽׂא׃",
"text": "*wᵊ-ʾîš* *ʾăšer*-*yiqqaḥ* *ʾet*-*ʾăḥōtô* daughter-of-*ʾābîw* or daughter-of-*ʾimmô* *wᵊ-rāʾāh* *ʾet*-*ʿerwātāh* and-she-*tirʾeh* *ʾet*-*ʿerwātô* *ḥesed* it and-*nikrᵊtû* before-eyes-of *bᵊnê* *ʿammām* *ʿerwat* *ʾăḥōtô* *gillāh* *ʿăwōnô* *yiśśāʾ*",
"grammar": {
"*wᵊ-ʾîš*": "conjunction + noun, masculine singular - and a man",
"*ʾăšer*-*yiqqaḥ*": "relative pronoun + imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - who takes",
"*ʾet*-*ʾăḥōtô*": "direct object marker + noun, feminine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his sister",
"*bat*-*ʾābîw*": "noun, feminine singular construct + noun, masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - daughter of his father",
"*ʾô* *bat*-*ʾimmô*": "conjunction + noun, feminine singular construct + noun, feminine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - or daughter of his mother",
"*wᵊ-rāʾāh*": "conjunction + perfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he sees",
"*ʾet*-*ʿerwātāh*": "direct object marker + noun, feminine singular with 3rd feminine singular suffix - her nakedness",
"*wᵊ-hîʾ*-*tirʾeh*": "conjunction + 3rd feminine singular personal pronoun + imperfect, 3rd feminine singular - and she sees",
"*ʾet*-*ʿerwātô*": "direct object marker + noun, feminine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his nakedness",
"*ḥesed*": "noun, masculine singular - disgrace/shame",
"*hûʾ*": "3rd masculine singular personal pronoun - it is",
"*wᵊ-nikrᵊtû*": "conjunction + perfect, 3rd common plural, Niphal - and they shall be cut off",
"*lᵊ-ʿênê*": "preposition + noun, feminine dual construct - before the eyes of",
"*bᵊnê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - children of",
"*ʿammām*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their people",
"*ʿerwat*": "noun, feminine singular construct - nakedness of",
"*ʾăḥōtô*": "noun, feminine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his sister",
"*gillāh*": "perfect, 3rd masculine singular, Piel - he has uncovered",
"*ʿăwōnô*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his iniquity",
"*yiśśāʾ*": "imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - he shall bear"
},
"variants": {
"*yiqqaḥ*": "takes/marries/has relations with",
"*ʾăḥōtô*": "his sister/his half-sister",
"*rāʾāh* *ʾet*-*ʿerwātāh*": "sees her nakedness/has sexual relations with her",
"*ḥesed*": "disgrace/shame/reproach",
"*nikrᵊtû*": "shall be cut off/shall be removed/shall be excluded",
"*ʿerwat* *ʾăḥōtô* *gillāh*": "he has uncovered his sister's nakedness/he has had sexual relations with his sister",
"*ʿăwōnô* *yiśśāʾ*": "he shall bear his iniquity/he shall be responsible for his guilt"
}
}
18 {
"verseID": "Leviticus.20.18",
"source": "וְ֠אִישׁ אֲשֶׁר־יִשְׁכַּ֨ב אֶת־אִשָּׁ֜ה דָּוָ֗ה וְגִלָּ֤ה אֶת־עֶרְוָתָהּ֙ אֶת־מְקֹרָ֣הּ הֶֽעֱרָ֔ה וְהִ֕יא גִּלְּתָ֖ה אֶת־מְק֣וֹר דָּמֶ֑יהָ וְנִכְרְת֥וּ שְׁנֵיהֶ֖ם מִקֶּ֥רֶב עַמָּֽם׃",
"text": "*wᵊ-ʾîš* *ʾăšer*-*yiškab* *ʾet*-*ʾiššāh* *dāwāh* *wᵊ-gillāh* *ʾet*-*ʿerwātāh* *ʾet*-*mᵊqōrāh* *heʿĕrāh* and-she *gillᵊtāh* *ʾet*-*mᵊqôr* *dāmêhā* *wᵊ-nikrᵊtû* *šᵊnêhem* from-midst *ʿammām*",
"grammar": {
"*wᵊ-ʾîš*": "conjunction + noun, masculine singular - and a man",
"*ʾăšer*-*yiškab*": "relative pronoun + imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - who lies with",
"*ʾet*-*ʾiššāh*": "direct object marker + noun, feminine singular - a woman",
"*dāwāh*": "adjective, feminine singular - menstruating/impure",
"*wᵊ-gillāh*": "conjunction + perfect, 3rd masculine singular, Piel - and uncovers",
"*ʾet*-*ʿerwātāh*": "direct object marker + noun, feminine singular with 3rd feminine singular suffix - her nakedness",
"*ʾet*-*mᵊqōrāh*": "direct object marker + noun, masculine singular with 3rd feminine singular suffix - her source",
"*heʿĕrāh*": "perfect, 3rd masculine singular, Hiphil - he has laid bare",
"*wᵊ-hîʾ*": "conjunction + 3rd feminine singular personal pronoun - and she",
"*gillᵊtāh*": "perfect, 3rd feminine singular, Piel - has uncovered",
"*ʾet*-*mᵊqôr*": "direct object marker + noun, masculine singular construct - the source of",
"*dāmêhā*": "noun, masculine plural with 3rd feminine singular suffix - her blood",
"*wᵊ-nikrᵊtû*": "conjunction + perfect, 3rd common plural, Niphal - and they shall be cut off",
"*šᵊnêhem*": "numeral, masculine dual with 3rd masculine plural suffix - both of them",
"*mi-qereb*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular construct - from midst of",
"*ʿammām*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their people"
},
"variants": {
"*yiškab*": "lies with/has sexual relations with",
"*dāwāh*": "menstruating/impure/in her menstrual impurity",
"*gillāh* *ʾet*-*ʿerwātāh*": "uncovers her nakedness/has sexual relations with her",
"*mᵊqōrāh* *heʿĕrāh*": "laid bare her source/exposed her fountain",
"*gillᵊtāh* *ʾet*-*mᵊqôr* *dāmêhā*": "she has uncovered the source of her blood/she has exposed her bleeding",
"*nikrᵊtû*": "shall be cut off/shall be removed/shall be excluded",
"*mi-qereb* *ʿammām*": "from among their people/from the midst of their community"
}
}
19 {
"verseID": "Leviticus.20.19",
"source": "וְעֶרְוַ֨ת אֲח֧וֹת אִמְּךָ֛ וַאֲח֥וֹת אָבִ֖יךָ לֹ֣א תְגַלֵּ֑ה כִּ֧י אֶת־שְׁאֵר֛וֹ הֶעֱרָ֖ה עֲוֺנָ֥ם יִשָּֽׂאוּ׃",
"text": "*wᵊ-ʿerwat* sister-of *ʾimmᵊkā* and-sister-of *ʾābîkā* not *tᵊgalleh* *kî* *ʾet*-*šᵊʾērô* *heʿĕrāh* *ʿăwōnām* *yiśśāʾû*",
"grammar": {
"*wᵊ-ʿerwat*": "conjunction + noun, feminine singular construct - and the nakedness of",
"*ʾăḥôt* *ʾimmᵊkā*": "noun, feminine singular construct + noun, feminine singular with 2nd masculine singular suffix - your mother's sister",
"*wa-ʾăḥôt* *ʾābîkā*": "conjunction + noun, feminine singular construct + noun, masculine singular with 2nd masculine singular suffix - and your father's sister",
"*lōʾ* *tᵊgalleh*": "negative particle + imperfect, 2nd masculine singular, Piel - you shall not uncover",
"*kî*": "conjunction - for/because",
"*ʾet*-*šᵊʾērô*": "direct object marker + noun, masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his flesh/relative",
"*heʿĕrāh*": "perfect, 3rd masculine singular, Hiphil - he has laid bare",
"*ʿăwōnām*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their iniquity",
"*yiśśāʾû*": "imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - they shall bear"
},
"variants": {
"*ʿerwat*": "nakedness of/sexual relations with",
"*ʾăḥôt* *ʾimmᵊkā*": "your mother's sister/your maternal aunt",
"*ʾăḥôt* *ʾābîkā*": "your father's sister/your paternal aunt",
"*tᵊgalleh*": "uncover/expose/have sexual relations with",
"*šᵊʾērô* *heʿĕrāh*": "has laid bare his own flesh/exposed his relative",
"*ʿăwōnām* *yiśśāʾû*": "they shall bear their iniquity/they shall be responsible for their guilt"
}
}
20 {
"verseID": "Leviticus.20.20",
"source": "וְאִ֗ישׁ אֲשֶׁ֤ר יִשְׁכַּב֙ אֶת־דֹּ֣דָת֔וֹ עֶרְוַ֥ת דֹּד֖וֹ גִּלָּ֑ה חֶטְאָ֥ם יִשָּׂ֖אוּ עֲרִירִ֥ים יָמֻֽתוּ׃",
"text": "*wᵊ-ʾîš* *ʾăšer* *yiškab* *ʾet*-*dōdātô* *ʿerwat* *dōdô* *gillāh* *ḥeṭʾām* *yiśśāʾû* *ʿărîrîm* *yāmutû*",
"grammar": {
"*wᵊ-ʾîš*": "conjunction + noun, masculine singular - and a man",
"*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - who/that",
"*yiškab*": "imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - lies with",
"*ʾet*-*dōdātô*": "direct object marker + noun, feminine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his aunt",
"*ʿerwat*": "noun, feminine singular construct - nakedness of",
"*dōdô*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his uncle",
"*gillāh*": "perfect, 3rd masculine singular, Piel - he has uncovered",
"*ḥeṭʾām*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their sin",
"*yiśśāʾû*": "imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - they shall bear",
"*ʿărîrîm*": "adjective, masculine plural - childless",
"*yāmutû*": "imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - they shall die"
},
"variants": {
"*yiškab*": "lies with/has sexual relations with",
"*dōdātô*": "his aunt/his uncle's wife",
"*ʿerwat* *dōdô* *gillāh*": "he has uncovered his uncle's nakedness/he has dishonored his uncle",
"*ḥeṭʾām* *yiśśāʾû*": "they shall bear their sin/they shall be responsible for their guilt",
"*ʿărîrîm* *yāmutû*": "they shall die childless/they shall die without offspring"
}
}
21 {
"verseID": "Leviticus.20.21",
"source": "וְאִ֗ישׁ אֲשֶׁ֥ר יִקַּ֛ח אֶת־אֵ֥שֶׁת אָחִ֖יו נִדָּ֣ה הִ֑וא עֶרְוַ֥ת אָחִ֛יו גִּלָּ֖ה עֲרִירִ֥ים יִהְיֽוּ׃",
"text": "*wᵊ-ʾîš* *ʾăšer* *yiqqaḥ* *ʾet*-*ʾēšet* *ʾāḥîw* *niddāh* she *ʿerwat* *ʾāḥîw* *gillāh* *ʿărîrîm* *yihyû*",
"grammar": {
"*wᵊ-ʾîš*": "conjunction + noun, masculine singular - and a man",
"*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - who/that",
"*yiqqaḥ*": "imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - takes",
"*ʾet*-*ʾēšet*": "direct object marker + noun, feminine singular construct - wife of",
"*ʾāḥîw*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his brother",
"*niddāh*": "noun, feminine singular - impurity",
"*hîwʾ*": "3rd feminine singular personal pronoun - it is/she is",
"*ʿerwat*": "noun, feminine singular construct - nakedness of",
"*ʾāḥîw*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his brother",
"*gillāh*": "perfect, 3rd masculine singular, Piel - he has uncovered",
"*ʿărîrîm*": "adjective, masculine plural - childless",
"*yihyû*": "imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - they shall be"
},
"variants": {
"*yiqqaḥ*": "takes/marries/has relations with",
"*ʾēšet* *ʾāḥîw*": "his brother's wife/his sister-in-law",
"*niddāh*": "impurity/menstrual impurity/uncleanness",
"*ʿerwat* *ʾāḥîw* *gillāh*": "he has uncovered his brother's nakedness/he has dishonored his brother",
"*ʿărîrîm* *yihyû*": "they shall be childless/they shall remain without offspring"
}
}
22 {
"verseID": "Leviticus.20.22",
"source": "וּשְׁמַרְתֶּ֤ם אֶת־כָּל־חֻקֹּתַי֙ וְאֶת־כָּל־מִשְׁפָּטַ֔י וַעֲשִׂיתֶ֖ם אֹתָ֑ם וְלֹא־תָקִ֤יא אֶתְכֶם֙ הָאָ֔רֶץ אֲשֶׁ֨ר אֲנִ֜י מֵבִ֥יא אֶתְכֶ֛ם שָׁ֖מָּה לָשֶׁ֥בֶת בָּֽהּ׃",
"text": "*û-šᵊmartem* *ʾet*-all-*ḥuqqōtay* and-*ʾet*-all-*mišpāṭay* *wa-ʿăśîtem* *ʾōtām* and-not-*tāqîʾ* you *hā-ʾāreṣ* *ʾăšer* I *mēbîʾ* you there to-*lāšebet* in-her",
"grammar": {
"*û-šᵊmartem*": "conjunction + perfect, 2nd masculine plural - and you shall keep",
"*ʾet*-*kol*-*ḥuqqōtay*": "direct object marker + noun, masculine singular construct + noun, feminine plural with 1st singular suffix - all my statutes",
"*wᵊ-ʾet*-*kol*-*mišpāṭay*": "conjunction + direct object marker + noun, masculine singular construct + noun, masculine plural with 1st singular suffix - and all my judgments",
"*wa-ʿăśîtem*": "conjunction + perfect, 2nd masculine plural - and you shall do",
"*ʾōtām*": "direct object marker + 3rd masculine plural suffix - them",
"*wᵊ-lōʾ*": "conjunction + negative particle - and not",
"*tāqîʾ*": "imperfect, 3rd feminine singular, Hiphil - will vomit out",
"*ʾetkem*": "direct object marker + 2nd masculine plural suffix - you",
"*hā-ʾāreṣ*": "definite article + noun, feminine singular - the land",
"*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which/that",
"*ʾănî*": "1st singular personal pronoun - I",
"*mēbîʾ*": "participle, masculine singular, Hiphil - am bringing",
"*ʾetkem*": "direct object marker + 2nd masculine plural suffix - you",
"*šāmmāh*": "adverb - there",
"*lā-šebet*": "preposition + infinitive construct - to dwell",
"*bāh*": "preposition with 3rd feminine singular suffix - in it"
},
"variants": {
"*šᵊmartem*": "keep/observe/guard",
"*ḥuqqōtay*": "my statutes/my decrees/my ordinances",
"*mišpāṭay*": "my judgments/my regulations/my ordinances",
"*ʿăśîtem*": "do/perform/fulfill",
"*tāqîʾ*": "vomit out/spew out/eject",
"*mēbîʾ*": "bringing/leading/causing to enter",
"*lā-šebet*": "to dwell/to live/to inhabit"
}
}
23 {
"verseID": "Leviticus.20.23",
"source": "וְלֹ֤א תֵֽלְכוּ֙ בְּחֻקֹּ֣ת הַגּ֔וֹי אֲשֶׁר־אֲנִ֥י מְשַׁלֵּ֖חַ מִפְּנֵיכֶ֑ם כִּ֤י אֶת־כָּל־אֵ֙לֶּה֙ עָשׂ֔וּ וָאָקֻ֖ץ בָּֽם׃",
"text": "*wᵊ-lōʾ* *tēlkû* in-*ḥuqqōt* *ha-gôy* *ʾăšer*-I *mᵊšallēaḥ* from-before-you *kî* *ʾet*-all-these *ʿāśû* *wā-ʾāquṣ* in-them",
"grammar": {
"*wᵊ-lōʾ*": "conjunction + negative particle - and not",
"*tēlkû*": "imperfect, 2nd masculine plural - you shall walk",
"*bᵊ-ḥuqqōt*": "preposition + noun, feminine plural construct - in statutes of",
"*ha-gôy*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the nation",
"*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which/that",
"*ʾănî*": "1st singular personal pronoun - I",
"*mᵊšallēaḥ*": "participle, masculine singular, Piel - am sending away",
"*mi-pᵊnêkem*": "preposition + noun, masculine plural with 2nd masculine plural suffix - from before you",
"*kî*": "conjunction - for/because",
"*ʾet*-*kol*-*ʾēlleh*": "direct object marker + noun, masculine singular construct + demonstrative pronoun, common plural - all these things",
"*ʿāśû*": "perfect, 3rd common plural - they have done",
"*wā-ʾāquṣ*": "conjunction + imperfect, 1st singular - and I abhorred",
"*bām*": "preposition with 3rd masculine plural suffix - them"
},
"variants": {
"*tēlkû*": "walk/follow/live by",
"*ḥuqqōt*": "statutes/customs/practices",
"*ha-gôy*": "the nation/the people group",
"*mᵊšallēaḥ*": "sending away/driving out/expelling",
"*ʿāśû*": "did/practiced/performed",
"*wā-ʾāquṣ*": "I abhorred/I detested/I loathed"
}
}
24 {
"verseID": "Leviticus.20.24",
"source": "וָאֹמַ֣ר לָכֶ֗ם אַתֶּם֮ תִּֽירְשׁ֣וּ אֶת־אַדְמָתָם֒ וַאֲנִ֞י אֶתְּנֶ֤נָּה לָכֶם֙ לָרֶ֣שֶׁת אֹתָ֔הּ אֶ֛רֶץ זָבַ֥ת חָלָ֖ב וּדְבָ֑שׁ אֲנִי֙ יְהוָ֣ה אֱלֹֽהֵיכֶ֔ם אֲשֶׁר־הִבְדַּ֥לְתִּי אֶתְכֶ֖ם מִן־הָֽעַמִּֽים׃",
"text": "*wā-ʾōmar* to-you you *tîrᵊšû* *ʾet*-*ʾadmātām* and-I *ʾettᵊnennāh* to-you to-*lārešet* *ʾōtāh* *ʾereṣ* flowing *ḥālāb* and-*dᵊbāš* I *YHWH* *ʾĕlōhêkem* *ʾăšer*-*hibdaltî* you from-*hā-ʿammîm*",
"grammar": {
"*wā-ʾōmar*": "conjunction + imperfect, 1st singular - and I said/say",
"*lākem*": "preposition with 2nd masculine plural suffix - to you",
"*ʾattem*": "2nd masculine plural personal pronoun - you",
"*tîrᵊšû*": "imperfect, 2nd masculine plural - you shall possess/inherit",
"*ʾet*-*ʾadmātām*": "direct object marker + noun, feminine singular with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their land",
"*wa-ʾănî*": "conjunction + 1st singular personal pronoun - and I",
"*ʾettᵊnennāh*": "imperfect, 1st singular with 3rd feminine singular suffix - I will give it",
"*lākem*": "preposition with 2nd masculine plural suffix - to you",
"*lā-rešet*": "preposition + infinitive construct - to possess",
"*ʾōtāh*": "direct object marker + 3rd feminine singular suffix - it",
"*ʾereṣ*": "noun, feminine singular construct - land of",
"*zābat*": "participle, feminine singular construct, Qal - flowing with",
"*ḥālāb*": "noun, masculine singular - milk",
"*û-dᵊbāš*": "conjunction + noun, masculine singular - and honey",
"*ʾănî*": "1st singular personal pronoun - I",
"*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name - Yahweh/LORD",
"*ʾĕlōhêkem*": "noun, masculine plural with 2nd masculine plural suffix - your God",
"*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - who",
"*hibdaltî*": "perfect, 1st singular, Hiphil - I have separated",
"*ʾetkem*": "direct object marker + 2nd masculine plural suffix - you",
"*min*-*hā-ʿammîm*": "preposition + definite article + noun, masculine plural - from the peoples"
},
"variants": {
"*ʾōmar*": "said/say/told",
"*tîrᵊšû*": "possess/inherit/take possession of",
"*ʾettᵊnennāh*": "will give it/will grant it",
"*lā-rešet*": "to possess/to inherit/to take possession of",
"*zābat* *ḥālāb* *û-dᵊbāš*": "flowing with milk and honey/abundant with milk and honey",
"*hibdaltî*": "have separated/have set apart/have distinguished"
}
}
25 {
"verseID": "Leviticus.20.25",
"source": "וְהִבְדַּלְתֶּ֞ם בֵּֽין־הַבְּהֵמָ֤ה הַטְּהֹרָה֙ לַטְּמֵאָ֔ה וּבֵין־הָע֥וֹף הַטָּמֵ֖א לַטָּהֹ֑ר וְלֹֽא־תְשַׁקְּצ֨וּ אֶת־נַפְשֹֽׁתֵיכֶ֜ם בַּבְּהֵמָ֣ה וּבָע֗וֹף וּבְכֹל֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר תִּרְמֹ֣שׂ הָֽאֲדָמָ֔ה אֲשֶׁר־הִבְדַּ֥לְתִּי לָכֶ֖ם לְטַמֵּֽא׃",
"text": "*wᵊ-hibdaltem* between-*ha-bᵊhēmāh* *ha-ṭᵊhôrāh* to-*ha-ṭᵊmēʾāh* and-between-*hā-ʿôp* *ha-ṭāmēʾ* to-*ha-ṭāhōr* and-not-*tᵊšaqqᵊṣû* *ʾet*-*napšōtêkem* in-*ba-bᵊhēmāh* and-in-*bā-ʿôp* and-in-all *ʾăšer* *tirmōś* *hā-ʾădāmāh* *ʾăšer*-*hibdaltî* for-you to-*lᵊṭammēʾ*",
"grammar": {
"*wᵊ-hibdaltem*": "conjunction + perfect, 2nd masculine plural, Hiphil - and you shall distinguish",
"*bên*-*ha-bᵊhēmāh*": "preposition + definite article + noun, feminine singular - between the animal",
"*ha-ṭᵊhôrāh*": "definite article + adjective, feminine singular - the clean",
"*la-ṭᵊmēʾāh*": "preposition + definite article + adjective, feminine singular - and the unclean",
"*û-bên*-*hā-ʿôp*": "conjunction + preposition + definite article + noun, masculine singular - and between the bird",
"*ha-ṭāmēʾ*": "definite article + adjective, masculine singular - the unclean",
"*la-ṭāhōr*": "preposition + definite article + adjective, masculine singular - and the clean",
"*wᵊ-lōʾ*": "conjunction + negative particle - and not",
"*tᵊšaqqᵊṣû*": "imperfect, 2nd masculine plural, Piel - you shall make detestable",
"*ʾet*-*napšōtêkem*": "direct object marker + noun, feminine plural with 2nd masculine plural suffix - your souls/yourselves",
"*ba-bᵊhēmāh*": "preposition + definite article + noun, feminine singular - with the animal",
"*û-bā-ʿôp*": "conjunction + preposition + definite article + noun, masculine singular - and with the bird",
"*û-bᵊ-kōl*": "conjunction + preposition + noun, masculine singular - and with all",
"*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which/that",
"*tirmōś*": "imperfect, 3rd feminine singular - creeps/moves",
"*hā-ʾădāmāh*": "definite article + noun, feminine singular - the ground",
"*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which/that",
"*hibdaltî*": "perfect, 1st singular, Hiphil - I have separated",
"*lākem*": "preposition with 2nd masculine plural suffix - for you",
"*lᵊ-ṭammēʾ*": "preposition + infinitive construct, Piel - to defile"
},
"variants": {
"*hibdaltem*": "distinguish/separate/set apart",
"*ha-bᵊhēmāh* *ha-ṭᵊhôrāh*": "the clean animal",
"*ha-ṭᵊmēʾāh*": "the unclean/the impure",
"*hā-ʿôp* *ha-ṭāmēʾ*": "the unclean bird",
"*ha-ṭāhōr*": "the clean/the pure",
"*tᵊšaqqᵊṣû*": "make detestable/make abominable/defile",
"*napšōtêkem*": "your souls/yourselves/your persons",
"*tirmōś* *hā-ʾădāmāh*": "creeps on the ground/moves on the earth",
"*hibdaltî* *lākem* *lᵊ-ṭammēʾ*": "I have separated for you as unclean/I have distinguished for you to be impure"
}
}
26 {
"verseID": "Leviticus.20.26",
"source": "וִהְיִ֤יתֶם לִי֙ קְדֹשִׁ֔ים כִּ֥י קָד֖וֹשׁ אֲנִ֣י יְהוָ֑ה וָאַבְדִּ֥ל אֶתְכֶ֛ם מִן־הֽ͏ָעַמִּ֖ים לִהְי֥וֹת לִֽי׃",
"text": "*wi-hyîtem* to-me *qᵊdōšîm* *kî* *qādôš* I *YHWH* *wā-ʾabdil* you from-*hā-ʿammîm* to-*lihyôt* to-me",
"grammar": {
"*wi-hyîtem*": "conjunction + perfect, 2nd masculine plural - and you shall be",
"*lî*": "preposition with 1st singular suffix - to me/for me",
"*qᵊdōšîm*": "adjective, masculine plural - holy/set apart",
"*kî*": "conjunction - for/because",
"*qādôš*": "adjective, masculine singular - holy/set apart",
"*ʾănî*": "1st singular personal pronoun - I",
"*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name - Yahweh/LORD",
"*wā-ʾabdil*": "conjunction + imperfect, 1st singular, Hiphil - and I have separated",
"*ʾetkem*": "direct object marker + 2nd masculine plural suffix - you",
"*min*-*hā-ʿammîm*": "preposition + definite article + noun, masculine plural - from the peoples",
"*li-hyôt*": "preposition + infinitive construct - to be",
"*lî*": "preposition with 1st singular suffix - to me/for me"
},
"variants": {
"*hyîtem* *lî* *qᵊdōšîm*": "be holy to me/be set apart for me",
"*qādôš* *ʾănî* *YHWH*": "I, the LORD, am holy/I, Yahweh, am set apart",
"*ʾabdil*": "have separated/have set apart/have distinguished",
"*lihyôt* *lî*": "to be mine/to belong to me"
}
}
27 {
"verseID": "Leviticus.20.27",
"source": "וְאִ֣ישׁ אֽוֹ־אִשָּׁ֗ה כִּֽי־יִהְיֶ֨ה בָהֶ֥ם א֛וֹב א֥וֹ יִדְּעֹנִ֖י מ֣וֹת יוּמָ֑תוּ בָּאֶ֛בֶן יִרְגְּמ֥וּ אֹתָ֖ם דְּמֵיהֶ֥ם בָּֽם׃",
"text": "*wᵊ-ʾîš* or-*ʾiššāh* *kî*-*yihyeh* in-them *ʾôb* or *yiddᵊʿōnî* *môt* *yûmātû* with-*bā-ʾeben* *yirgᵊmû* them *dᵊmêhem* in-them",
"grammar": {
"*wᵊ-ʾîš*": "conjunction + noun, masculine singular - and a man",
"*ʾô*-*ʾiššāh*": "conjunction + noun, feminine singular - or a woman",
"*kî*-*yihyeh*": "conjunction + imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - when there is",
"*bāhem*": "preposition with 3rd masculine plural suffix - in them",
"*ʾôb*": "noun, masculine singular - medium spirit",
"*ʾô*": "conjunction - or",
"*yiddᵊʿōnî*": "noun, masculine singular - spiritist",
"*môt* *yûmātû*": "infinitive absolute + imperfect, 3rd masculine plural, Hophal - surely be put to death",
"*bā-ʾeben*": "preposition + definite article + noun, feminine singular - with the stone/stones",
"*yirgᵊmû*": "imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - they shall stone",
"*ʾōtām*": "direct object marker + 3rd masculine plural suffix - them",
"*dᵊmêhem*": "noun, masculine plural with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their blood",
"*bām*": "preposition with 3rd masculine plural suffix - in them/upon them"
},
"variants": {
"*yihyeh* *bāhem*": "has in them/possesses/controls them",
"*ʾôb*": "medium spirit/necromancer/one who communicates with the dead",
"*yiddᵊʿōnî*": "spiritist/wizard/fortune-teller",
"*môt* *yûmātû*": "must surely be put to death/shall certainly be put to death",
"*yirgᵊmû* *ʾōtām* *bā-ʾeben*": "they shall stone them with stones",
"*dᵊmêhem* *bām*": "their blood is upon them/they are responsible for their own death/their bloodguilt is on themselves"
}
}