Ezekiel 33:6

biblecontext

{ "verseID": "Ezekiel.33.6", "source": "וְ֠הַצֹּפֶה כִּֽי־יִרְאֶ֨ה אֶת־הַחֶ֜רֶב בָּאָ֗ה וְלֹֽא־תָקַ֤ע בַּשּׁוֹפָר֙ וְהָעָ֣ם לֹֽא־נִזְהָ֔ר וַתָּב֣וֹא חֶ֔רֶב וַתִּקַּ֥ח מֵהֶ֖ם נָ֑פֶשׁ ה֚וּא בַּעֲוֺנ֣וֹ נִלְקָ֔ח וְדָמ֖וֹ מִיַּֽד־הַצֹּפֶ֥ה אֶדְרֹֽשׁ׃", "text": "*wə-ha-ṣṣōpeh* *kî*-*yirʾeh* *ʾet*-*ha-ḥereb* *bāʾāh* *wə-lōʾ*-*tāqaʿ* *ba-ššôpār* *wə-hā-ʿām* *lōʾ*-*nizhār* *wa-ttābôʾ* *ḥereb* *wa-ttiqaḥ* *mēhem* *nāpeš* *hûʾ* *ba-ʿăwōnô* *nilqāḥ* *wə-dāmô* *miyyad*-*ha-ṣṣōpeh* *ʾedrōš*", "grammar": { "*wə-ha-ṣṣōpeh*": "conjunction + definite article + noun, masculine singular - and the watchman", "*kî*-*yirʾeh*": "conjunction + qal imperfect, 3rd singular masculine - when/if he sees", "*ʾet*-*ha-ḥereb*": "direct object marker + definite article + noun, feminine singular - the sword", "*bāʾāh*": "qal participle, feminine singular - coming", "*wə-lōʾ*-*tāqaʿ*": "conjunction + negative particle + qal perfect, 3rd singular masculine - and does not blow", "*ba-ššôpār*": "preposition + definite article + noun, masculine singular - with the trumpet", "*wə-hā-ʿām*": "conjunction + definite article + noun, masculine singular - and the people", "*lōʾ*-*nizhār*": "negative particle + niphal perfect, 3rd singular masculine - not warned", "*wa-ttābôʾ*": "conjunction + qal imperfect, 3rd singular feminine - and comes", "*ḥereb*": "noun, feminine singular - sword", "*wa-ttiqaḥ*": "conjunction + qal imperfect, 3rd singular feminine - and takes", "*mēhem*": "preposition with 3rd plural suffix - from them", "*nāpeš*": "noun, feminine singular - soul/life", "*hûʾ*": "personal pronoun, 3rd singular masculine - he", "*ba-ʿăwōnô*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular with 3rd singular suffix - in his iniquity", "*nilqāḥ*": "niphal perfect, 3rd singular masculine - he was taken", "*wə-dāmô*": "conjunction + noun, masculine singular with 3rd singular suffix - and his blood", "*miyyad*-*ha-ṣṣōpeh*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular construct + definite article + noun - from the hand of the watchman", "*ʾedrōš*": "qal imperfect, 1st singular - I will require/seek" }, "variants": { "*ṣōpeh*": "watchman/sentinel/lookout", "*ḥereb*": "sword/war/destruction", "*bāʾāh*": "coming/approaching/advancing", "*nāpeš*": "soul/life/person", "*ba-ʿăwōnô*": "in his iniquity/for his sin/because of his guilt", "*nilqāḥ*": "was taken/was seized/was carried away", "*miyyad*": "from the hand of/from/by responsibility of", "*ʾedrōš*": "I will require/I will seek/I will demand" } }

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

וְ֠הַצֹּפֶה כִּֽי־יִרְאֶ֨ה אֶת־הַחֶ֜רֶב בָּאָ֗ה וְלֹֽא־תָקַ֤ע בַּשּׁוֹפָר֙ וְהָעָ֣ם לֹֽא־נִזְהָ֔ר וַתָּב֣וֹא חֶ֔רֶב וַתִּקַּ֥ח מֵהֶ֖ם נָ֑פֶשׁ ה֚וּא בַּעֲוֺנ֣וֹ נִלְקָ֔ח וְדָמ֖וֹ מִיַּֽד־הַצֹּפֶ֥ה אֶדְרֹֽשׁ׃

Transliteration

wə-ha-ṣṣōpeh kî-yirʾeh ʾet-ha-ḥereb bāʾāh wə-lōʾ-tāqaʿ ba-ššôpār wə-hā-ʿām lōʾ-nizhār wa-ttābôʾ ḥereb wa-ttiqaḥ mēhem nāpeš hûʾ ba-ʿăwōnô nilqāḥ wə-dāmô miyyad-ha-ṣṣōpeh ʾedrōš

Grammar Details

• *wə-ha-ṣṣōpeh*: conjunction + definite article + noun, masculine singular - and the watchman
• *kî*-*yirʾeh*: conjunction + qal imperfect, 3rd singular masculine - when/if he sees
• *ʾet*-*ha-ḥereb*: direct object marker + definite article + noun, feminine singular - the sword
• *bāʾāh*: qal participle, feminine singular - coming
• *wə-lōʾ*-*tāqaʿ*: conjunction + negative particle + qal perfect, 3rd singular masculine - and does not blow
• *ba-ššôpār*: preposition + definite article + noun, masculine singular - with the trumpet
• *wə-hā-ʿām*: conjunction + definite article + noun, masculine singular - and the people
• *lōʾ*-*nizhār*: negative particle + niphal perfect, 3rd singular masculine - not warned
• *wa-ttābôʾ*: conjunction + qal imperfect, 3rd singular feminine - and comes
• *ḥereb*: noun, feminine singular - sword
• *wa-ttiqaḥ*: conjunction + qal imperfect, 3rd singular feminine - and takes
• *mēhem*: preposition with 3rd plural suffix - from them
• *nāpeš*: noun, feminine singular - soul/life
• *hûʾ*: personal pronoun, 3rd singular masculine - he
• *ba-ʿăwōnô*: preposition + noun, masculine singular with 3rd singular suffix - in his iniquity
• *nilqāḥ*: niphal perfect, 3rd singular masculine - he was taken
• *wə-dāmô*: conjunction + noun, masculine singular with 3rd singular suffix - and his blood
• *miyyad*-*ha-ṣṣōpeh*: preposition + noun, feminine singular construct + definite article + noun - from the hand of the watchman
• *ʾedrōš*: qal imperfect, 1st singular - I will require/seek

Word Meanings

• *ṣōpeh*: watchman/sentinel/lookout
• *ḥereb*: sword/war/destruction
• *bāʾāh*: coming/approaching/advancing
• *nāpeš*: soul/life/person
• *ba-ʿăwōnô*: in his iniquity/for his sin/because of his guilt
• *nilqāḥ*: was taken/was seized/was carried away
• *miyyad*: from the hand of/from/by responsibility of
• *ʾedrōš*: I will require/I will seek/I will demand

Other Translations

• Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts

  But if the watchman sees the sword coming and does not blow the trumpet to warn the people and the sword comes and takes someone’s life, that person will die for their sin, but I will hold the watchman accountable for their blood.

• King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)

  But if the watchman see the sword come, and blow not the trumpet, and the people be not warned; if the sword come, and take any person from among them, he is taken away in his iniquity; but his blood will I require at the watchman's hand.

• KJV1611 – Modern English

  But if the watchman sees the sword coming, and does not blow the trumpet, and the people are not warned; if the sword comes, and takes any person from among them, he is taken away in his iniquity; but his blood I will require at the watchman's hand.

• King James Version 1611 (Original)

  But if the watchman see the sword come, and blow not the trumpet, and the people be not warned; if the sword come, and take any person from among them, he is taken away in his iniquity; but his blood will I require at the watchman's hand.

• American Standard Version with Strong's Numbers

  But if the watchman see the sword come, and blow not the trumpet, and the people be not warned, and the sword come, and take any person from among them; he is taken away in his iniquity, but his blood will I require at the watchman's hand.

• King James Version with Strong's Numbers

  But if the watchman see the sword come, and blow not the trumpet, and the people be not warned; if the sword come, and take any person from among them, he is taken away in his iniquity; but his blood will I require at the watchman's hand.

• Coverdale Bible (1535)

  Agayne, yf the watch man se the swerde come, and shewe it not with the trompet, so yt the people is not warned: yff the swearde come then, and take eny man from amoge the: the same shall be taken awaye in his owne synne, but his bloude will I requyre off the watchmans honde.

• Geneva Bible (1560)

  But if the watchman see the sworde come, and blowe not the trumpet, and the people be not warned: if the sworde come, and take any person from among them, he is taken away for his iniquitie, but his blood will I require at the watchmans hande.

• Bishops' Bible (1568)

  Againe, if the watchman see the sword come, and blow not the trumpet, so that the people is not warned, if the sworde come then, and take any man from among them: the same shalbe taken away in his owne sinne, but his blood wyl I require at the watchmans hand.

• Authorized King James Version (1611)

  But if the watchman see the sword come, and blow not the trumpet, and the people be not warned; if the sword come, and take [any] person from among them, he is taken away in his iniquity; but his blood will I require at the watchman's hand.

• Webster's Bible (1833)

  But if the watchman sees the sword come, and doesn't blow the trumpet, and the people aren't warned, and the sword comes, and take any person from among them; he is taken away in his iniquity, but his blood will I require at the watchman's hand.

• Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

  And the watchman, when he seeth the sword coming in, And he hath not blown with a trumpet, And the people hath not been warned, And come in doth a sword, And taketh away of them -- a soul, He in his iniquity is taken away, And his blood from the hand of the watchman I require.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  But if the watchman see the sword come, and blow not the trumpet, and the people be not warned, and the sword come, and take any person from among them; he is taken away in his iniquity, but his blood will I require at the watchman's hand.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  But if the watchman see the sword come, and blow not the trumpet, and the people be not warned, and the sword come, and take any person from among them; he is taken away in his iniquity, but his blood will I require at the watchman's hand.

• Bible in Basic English (1941)

  But if the watchman sees the sword coming, and does not give a note on the horn, and the people have no word of the danger, and the sword comes and takes any person from among them; he will be taken away in his sin, but I will make the watchman responsible for his blood.

• World English Bible (2000)

  But if the watchman sees the sword come, and doesn't blow the trumpet, and the people aren't warned, and the sword comes, and take any person from among them; he is taken away in his iniquity, but his blood will I require at the watchman's hand.

• NET Bible® (New English Translation)

  But suppose the watchman sees the sword coming and does not blow the trumpet to warn the people. Then the sword comes and takes one of their lives. He is swept away for his iniquity, but I will hold the watchman accountable for that person’s death.’

Referenced Verses

• Ezek 3:18-20 : 18 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.3.18", "source": "בְּאָמְרִ֤י לָֽרָשָׁע֙ מ֣וֹת תָּמ֔וּת וְלֹ֣א הִזְהַרְתּ֗וֹ וְלֹ֥א דִבַּ֛רְתָּ לְהַזְהִ֥יר רָשָׁ֛ע מִדַּרְכּ֥וֹ הָרְשָׁעָ֖ה לְחַיֹּת֑וֹ ה֤וּא רָשָׁע֙ בַּעֲוֺנ֣וֹ יָמ֔וּת וְדָמ֖וֹ מִיָּדְךָ֥ אֲבַקֵּֽשׁ׃", "text": "When *beʾomrî* to the *lārāšāʿ* \"dying *môṯ* you shall die *tāmûṯ*\" and not *welōʾ* *hizhartô* and not *welōʾ* *dibbartā* to warn *lehazehîr* *rāšāʿ* from his *middarkô* *hārešāʿāh* to save him *leḥayyōṯô*; he *hûʾ* *rāšāʿ* in his *baʿăwōnô* shall die *yāmûṯ*, and his *wedāmô* from your hand *miyyādeḵā* I will require *ʾăḇaqqēš*.", "grammar": { "*beʾomrî*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct with 1st person singular suffix - when I say", "*lārāšāʿ*": "preposition + definite article + masculine singular noun - to the wicked", "*môṯ*": "Qal infinitive absolute - dying", "*tāmûṯ*": "Qal imperfect, 2nd masculine singular - you shall die", "*welōʾ*": "conjunction + negative particle - and not", "*hizhartô*": "Hiphil perfect, 2nd masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - you warned him", "*dibbartā*": "Piel perfect, 2nd masculine singular - you spoke", "*lehazehîr*": "preposition + Hiphil infinitive construct - to warn", "*rāšāʿ*": "masculine singular noun - wicked one", "*middarkô*": "preposition + feminine singular noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - from his way", "*hārešāʿāh*": "definite article + adjective, feminine singular - the wicked", "*leḥayyōṯô*": "preposition + Piel infinitive construct with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - to save him", "*hûʾ*": "3rd person masculine singular pronoun - he", "*baʿăwōnô*": "preposition + masculine singular noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - in his iniquity", "*yāmûṯ*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - he shall die", "*wedāmô*": "conjunction + masculine singular noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - and his blood", "*miyyādeḵā*": "preposition + feminine singular noun with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - from your hand", "*ʾăḇaqqēš*": "Piel imperfect, 1st person singular - I will require/seek" }, "variants": { "*beʾomrî*": "when I say/speak/declare", "*rāšāʿ*": "wicked one/evildoer/criminal", "*môṯ tāmûṯ*": "dying you shall die/you shall surely die", "*hizhartô*": "you warned him/cautioned him/admonished him", "*dibbartā*": "you spoke/talked/declared", "*lehazehîr*": "to warn/caution/admonish", "*dereḵ*": "way/path/journey", "*hārešāʿāh*": "the wicked/evil/criminal", "*leḥayyōṯô*": "to save him/preserve him/keep him alive", "*ʿāwōn*": "iniquity/guilt/punishment", "*dām*": "blood/bloodshed/bloodguilt", "*ʾăḇaqqēš*": "I will require/seek/demand" } } 19 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.3.19", "source": "וְאַתָּה֙ כִּֽי־הִזְהַ֣רְתָּ רָשָׁ֔ע וְלֹא־שָׁב֙ מֵֽרִשְׁע֔וֹ וּמִדַּרְכּ֖וֹ הָרְשָׁעָ֑ה ה֚וּא בַּעֲוֺנ֣וֹ יָמ֔וּת וְאַתָּ֖ה אֶֽת־נַפְשְׁךָ֥ הִצַּֽלְתָּ׃", "text": "And you *weʾattāh* when *kî*-*hizhartā* *rāšāʿ* and not *welōʾ*-*šāḇ* from his *mērišʿô* and from his *ûmiddarkô* *hārešāʿāh*, he *hûʾ* in his *baʿăwōnô* shall die *yāmûṯ*, and you *weʾattāh* *ʾeṯ*-your *nap̄šeḵā* have delivered *hiṣṣaltā*.", "grammar": { "*weʾattāh*": "conjunction + 2nd person masculine singular pronoun - and you", "*kî*": "conjunction - when/if", "*hizhartā*": "Hiphil perfect, 2nd masculine singular - you warned", "*rāšāʿ*": "masculine singular noun - wicked one", "*welōʾ*": "conjunction + negative particle - and not", "*šāḇ*": "Qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he returned/repented", "*mērišʿô*": "preposition + masculine singular noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - from his wickedness", "*ûmiddarkô*": "conjunction + preposition + feminine singular noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - and from his way", "*hārešāʿāh*": "definite article + adjective, feminine singular - the wicked", "*hûʾ*": "3rd person masculine singular pronoun - he", "*baʿăwōnô*": "preposition + masculine singular noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - in his iniquity", "*yāmûṯ*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - he shall die", "*ʾeṯ*": "direct object marker", "*nap̄šeḵā*": "feminine singular noun with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your soul", "*hiṣṣaltā*": "Hiphil perfect, 2nd masculine singular - you have delivered" }, "variants": { "*kî*": "when/if/because", "*hizhartā*": "you warned/cautioned/admonished", "*rāšāʿ*": "wicked one/evildoer/criminal", "*šāḇ*": "he returned/repented/turned back", "*rešaʿ*": "wickedness/evil/wrongdoing", "*dereḵ*": "way/path/journey", "*hārešāʿāh*": "the wicked/evil/criminal", "*ʿāwōn*": "iniquity/guilt/punishment", "*nep̄eš*": "soul/life/self", "*hiṣṣaltā*": "you have delivered/saved/rescued" } } 20 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.3.20", "source": "וּבְשׁ֨וּב צַדִּ֤יק מִצִּדְקוֹ֙ וְעָ֣שָׂה עָ֔וֶל וְנָתַתִּ֥י מִכְשׁ֛וֹל לְפָנָ֖יו ה֣וּא יָמ֑וּת כִּ֣י לֹ֤א הִזְהַרְתּוֹ֙ בְּחַטָּאת֣וֹ יָמ֔וּת וְלֹ֣א תִזָכַ֗רְןָ צִדְקֹתָו֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר עָשָׂ֔ה וְדָמ֖וֹ מִיָּדְךָ֥ אֲבַקֵּֽשׁ׃", "text": "And when *ûḇešûḇ* *ṣaddîq* from his *miṣṣidqô* and does *weʿāśāh* *ʿāwel*, and I place *wenāṯattî* *miḵšôl* before him *lep̄ānāyw*, he *hûʾ* shall die *yāmûṯ*; because *kî* not *lōʾ* *hizhartô*, in his *beḥaṭṭāṯô* he shall die *yāmûṯ*, and not *welōʾ* *tizzāḵarnā* his *ṣidqōṯāw* which *ʾăšer* he did *ʿāśāh*, and his *wedāmô* from your hand *miyyādeḵā* I will require *ʾăḇaqqēš*.", "grammar": { "*ûḇešûḇ*": "conjunction + preposition + Qal infinitive construct - and when returns", "*ṣaddîq*": "adjective, masculine singular - righteous one", "*miṣṣidqô*": "preposition + masculine singular noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - from his righteousness", "*weʿāśāh*": "conjunction + Qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - and does", "*ʿāwel*": "masculine singular noun - injustice/iniquity", "*wenāṯattî*": "conjunction + Qal perfect, 1st person singular - and I place", "*miḵšôl*": "masculine singular noun - stumbling block", "*lep̄ānāyw*": "preposition + masculine plural noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - before him", "*hûʾ*": "3rd person masculine singular pronoun - he", "*yāmûṯ*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - he shall die", "*kî*": "conjunction - because", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*hizhartô*": "Hiphil perfect, 2nd masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - you warned him", "*beḥaṭṭāṯô*": "preposition + feminine singular noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - in his sin", "*welōʾ*": "conjunction + negative particle - and not", "*tizzāḵarnā*": "Niphal imperfect, 3rd feminine plural - they will be remembered", "*ṣidqōṯāw*": "feminine plural noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his righteous deeds", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which", "*ʿāśāh*": "Qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he did", "*wedāmô*": "conjunction + masculine singular noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - and his blood", "*miyyādeḵā*": "preposition + feminine singular noun with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - from your hand", "*ʾăḇaqqēš*": "Piel imperfect, 1st person singular - I will require" }, "variants": { "*šûḇ*": "returns/repents/turns", "*ṣaddîq*": "righteous one/just person/innocent one", "*ṣedeq*": "righteousness/justice/rightness", "*weʿāśāh*": "and does/makes/performs", "*ʿāwel*": "injustice/iniquity/wrong", "*wenāṯattî*": "and I place/put/set", "*miḵšôl*": "stumbling block/obstacle/snare", "*pānîm*": "face/presence/before", "*hizhartô*": "you warned him/cautioned him/admonished him", "*ḥaṭṭāʾṯ*": "sin/offense/wrongdoing", "*tizzāḵarnā*": "they will be remembered/recalled/mentioned", "*ṣedāqôṯ*": "righteous deeds/acts of justice/good works", "*dām*": "blood/bloodshed/bloodguilt", "*ʾăḇaqqēš*": "I will require/seek/demand" } }
• Ezek 33:8-9 : 8 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.33.8", "source": "בְּאָמְרִ֣י לָרָשָׁ֗ע רָשָׁע֙ מ֣וֹת תָּמ֔וּת וְלֹ֣א דִבַּ֔רְתָּ לְהַזְהִ֥יר רָשָׁ֖ע מִדַּרְכּ֑וֹ ה֤וּא רָשָׁע֙ בַּעֲוֺנ֣וֹ יָמ֔וּת וְדָמ֖וֹ מִיָּדְךָ֥ אֲבַקֵּֽשׁ׃", "text": "*bə-ʾōmrî* *lā-rāšāʿ* *rāšāʿ* *môt* *tāmût* *wə-lōʾ* *dibbartā* *lə-hazhîr* *rāšāʿ* *mi-darkô* *hûʾ* *rāšāʿ* *ba-ʿăwōnô* *yāmût* *wə-dāmô* *miyyādəkā* *ʾăbaqqēš*", "grammar": { "*bə-ʾōmrî*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct with 1st singular suffix - when I say", "*lā-rāšāʿ*": "preposition + definite article + adjective, masculine singular - to the wicked", "*rāšāʿ*": "adjective, masculine singular - wicked one", "*môt*": "qal infinitive absolute - to die", "*tāmût*": "qal imperfect, 2nd singular masculine - you will die", "*wə-lōʾ*": "conjunction + negative particle - and not", "*dibbartā*": "piel perfect, 2nd singular masculine - you spoke", "*lə-hazhîr*": "preposition + hiphil infinitive construct - to warn", "*rāšāʿ*": "adjective, masculine singular - wicked one", "*mi-darkô*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular with 3rd singular masculine suffix - from his way", "*hûʾ*": "personal pronoun, 3rd singular masculine - he", "*rāšāʿ*": "adjective, masculine singular - wicked one", "*ba-ʿăwōnô*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular with 3rd singular suffix - in his iniquity", "*yāmût*": "qal imperfect, 3rd singular masculine - he will die", "*wə-dāmô*": "conjunction + noun, masculine singular with 3rd singular suffix - and his blood", "*miyyādəkā*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular with 2nd singular masculine suffix - from your hand", "*ʾăbaqqēš*": "piel imperfect, 1st singular - I will seek/require" }, "variants": { "*bə-ʾōmrî*": "when I say/when I speak/in my saying", "*rāšāʿ*": "wicked one/evil person/unrighteous one", "*môt* *tāmût*": "you will surely die/dying you will die/you will certainly die", "*mi-darkô*": "from his way/from his path/from his conduct", "*ba-ʿăwōnô*": "in his iniquity/for his sin/because of his guilt", "*miyyādəkā*": "from your hand/by your responsibility", "*ʾăbaqqēš*": "I will seek/I will require/I will demand" } } 9 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.33.9", "source": "וְ֠אַתָּה כִּֽי־הִזְהַ֨רְתָּ רָשָׁ֤ע מִדַּרְכּוֹ֙ לָשׁ֣וּב מִמֶּ֔נָּה וְלֹא־שָׁ֖ב מִדַּרְכּ֑וֹ ה֚וּא בַּעֲוֺנ֣וֹ יָמ֔וּת וְאַתָּ֖ה נַפְשְׁךָ֥ הִצַּֽלְתָּ׃", "text": "*wə-ʾattāh* *kî*-*hizhartā* *rāšāʿ* *mi-darkô* *lāšûb* *mimmennāh* *wə-lōʾ*-*šāb* *mi-darkô* *hûʾ* *ba-ʿăwōnô* *yāmût* *wə-ʾattāh* *napšəkā* *hiṣṣaltā*", "grammar": { "*wə-ʾattāh*": "conjunction + personal pronoun, 2nd singular masculine - and you", "*kî*-*hizhartā*": "conjunction + hiphil perfect, 2nd singular masculine - if/when you warn", "*rāšāʿ*": "adjective, masculine singular - wicked one", "*mi-darkô*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular with 3rd singular masculine suffix - from his way", "*lāšûb*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct - to turn/return", "*mimmennāh*": "preposition with 3rd feminine singular suffix - from it", "*wə-lōʾ*-*šāb*": "conjunction + negative particle + qal perfect, 3rd singular masculine - and he does not turn", "*mi-darkô*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular with 3rd singular masculine suffix - from his way", "*hûʾ*": "personal pronoun, 3rd singular masculine - he", "*ba-ʿăwōnô*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular with 3rd singular suffix - in his iniquity", "*yāmût*": "qal imperfect, 3rd singular masculine - he will die", "*wə-ʾattāh*": "conjunction + personal pronoun, 2nd singular masculine - and you", "*napšəkā*": "noun, feminine singular with 2nd singular masculine suffix - your soul", "*hiṣṣaltā*": "hiphil perfect, 2nd singular masculine - you have delivered" }, "variants": { "*hizhartā*": "you warn/you caution/you admonish", "*rāšāʿ*": "wicked one/evil person/unrighteous one", "*mi-darkô*": "from his way/from his path/from his conduct", "*lāšûb*": "to turn/to return/to repent", "*ba-ʿăwōnô*": "in his iniquity/for his sin/because of his guilt", "*napšəkā* *hiṣṣaltā*": "you have delivered your soul/you have saved your life/you have rescued yourself" } }
• 2 Sam 4:11 : 11 { "verseID": "2 Samuel.4.11", "source": "אַ֞ף כִּֽי־אֲנָשִׁ֣ים רְשָׁעִ֗ים הָרְג֧וּ אֶת־אִישׁ־צַדִּ֛יק בְּבֵית֖וֹ עַל־מִשְׁכָּ֑בוֹ וְעַתָּ֗ה הֲל֨וֹא אֲבַקֵּ֤שׁ אֶת־דָּמוֹ֙ מִיֶּדְכֶ֔ם וּבִעַרְתִּ֥י אֶתְכֶ֖ם מִן־הָאָֽרֶץ׃", "text": "*ʾap* *kî-ʾănāšîm* *rəšāʿîm* *hārgû* *ʾet-ʾîš-ṣaddîq* *bə-bêtô* *ʿal-miškābô* *wə-ʿattāh* *hălôʾ* *ʾăbaqqēš* *ʾet-dāmô* *mi-yedkem* *û-biʿartî* *ʾetkem* *min-hā-ʾāreṣ*", "grammar": { "*ʾap*": "conjunction/adverb - how much more/moreover", "*kî-ʾănāšîm*": "conjunction + noun, masculine plural - when/that men", "*rəšāʿîm*": "adjective, masculine plural - wicked", "*hārgû*": "qal perfect, 3rd plural - killed/have killed", "*ʾet-ʾîš-ṣaddîq*": "direct object marker + noun, masculine singular construct + adjective, masculine singular - a righteous man", "*bə-bêtô*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - in his house", "*ʿal-miškābô*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - on his bed", "*wə-ʿattāh*": "waw conjunction + adverb - and now", "*hălôʾ*": "interrogative particle - shall not", "*ʾăbaqqēš*": "piel imperfect, 1st common singular - I will require/seek", "*ʾet-dāmô*": "direct object marker + noun, masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his blood", "*mi-yedkem*": "preposition + noun, feminine dual with 2nd masculine plural suffix - from your hand", "*û-biʿartî*": "waw consecutive + piel perfect, 1st common singular - and I will destroy/remove", "*ʾetkem*": "direct object marker with 2nd masculine plural suffix - you", "*min-hā-ʾāreṣ*": "preposition + article + noun, feminine singular - from the earth/land" }, "variants": { "*ʾap kî*": "how much more when/moreover when/indeed when", "*ʾăbaqqēš ʾet-dāmô*": "require his blood/avenge his blood/hold you accountable for his blood", "*û-biʿartî*": "destroy/purge/remove/sweep away" } }
• Ezek 18:20 : 20 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.18.20", "source": "הַנֶּ֥פֶשׁ הַחֹטֵ֖את הִ֣יא תָמ֑וּת בֵּ֞ן לֹא־יִשָּׂ֣א ׀ בַּעֲוֺ֣ן הָאָ֗ב וְאָב֙ לֹ֤א יִשָּׂא֙ בַּעֲוֺ֣ן הַבֵּ֔ן צִדְקַ֤ת הַצַּדִּיק֙ עָלָ֣יו תִּֽהְיֶ֔ה וְרִשְׁעַ֥ת *רשע **הָרָשָׁ֖ע עָלָ֥יו תִּֽהְיֶֽה׃", "text": "*ha-nepeš* *ha-ḥōṭēʾt* *hîʾ* *tāmût* *bēn* *lōʾ*-*yiśśāʾ* *ba-* *ʿăwōn* *hā-ʾāb* *wə-* *ʾāb* *lōʾ* *yiśśāʾ* *ba-* *ʿăwōn* *ha-bēn* *ṣidqat* *ha-ṣaddîq* *ʿālāyw* *tihyeh* *wə-* *rišʿat* *hā-rāšāʿ* *ʿālāyw* *tihyeh*", "grammar": { "*ha-nepeš*": "definite article with feminine singular noun - the soul", "*ha-ḥōṭēʾt*": "definite article with Qal participle feminine singular - the sinning", "*hîʾ*": "3rd feminine singular pronoun - she/it", "*tāmût*": "Qal imperfect 3rd feminine singular - will die", "*bēn*": "masculine singular noun - son", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*yiśśāʾ*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - he will bear", "*ba-*": "preposition with definite article - in the", "*ʿăwōn*": "masculine singular construct - iniquity of", "*hā-ʾāb*": "definite article with masculine singular noun - the father", "*wə-*": "conjunction - and", "*ʾāb*": "masculine singular noun - father", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*yiśśāʾ*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - he will bear", "*ba-*": "preposition with definite article - in the", "*ʿăwōn*": "masculine singular construct - iniquity of", "*ha-bēn*": "definite article with masculine singular noun - the son", "*ṣidqat*": "feminine singular construct - righteousness of", "*ha-ṣaddîq*": "definite article with adjective masculine singular - the righteous", "*ʿālāyw*": "preposition with 3rd masculine singular suffix - upon him", "*tihyeh*": "Qal imperfect 3rd feminine singular - it will be", "*wə-*": "conjunction - and", "*rišʿat*": "feminine singular construct - wickedness of", "*hā-rāšāʿ*": "definite article with adjective masculine singular - the wicked", "*ʿālāyw*": "preposition with 3rd masculine singular suffix - upon him", "*tihyeh*": "Qal imperfect 3rd feminine singular - it will be" }, "variants": { "*nepeš*": "soul/life/person/being", "*ḥōṭēʾt*": "sinning/erring/missing the mark", "*yiśśāʾ*": "bear/carry/suffer punishment for", "*ʿăwōn*": "iniquity/guilt/punishment", "*ṣidqat*": "righteousness/justice/right actions", "*rišʿat*": "wickedness/guilt/evil" } }
• Ezek 18:24 : 24 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.18.24", "source": "וּבְשׁ֨וּב צַדִּ֤יק מִצִּדְקָתוֹ֙ וְעָ֣שָׂה עָ֔וֶל כְּכֹ֨ל הַתּוֹעֵב֜וֹת אֲשֶׁר־עָשָׂ֧ה הָרָשָׁ֛ע יַעֲשֶׂ֖ה וָחָ֑י כָּל־*צדקתו **צִדְקֹתָ֤יו אֲשֶׁר־עָשָׂה֙ לֹ֣א תִזָּכַ֔רְנָה בְּמַעֲל֧וֹ אֲשֶׁר־מָעַ֛ל וּבְחַטָּאת֥וֹ אֲשֶׁר־חָטָ֖א בָּ֥ם יָמֽוּת׃", "text": "*û-* *bə-* *šûb* *ṣaddîq* *mi-* *ṣidqātô* *wə-* *ʿāśāh* *ʿāwel* *kə-* *kōl* *ha-tôʿēbôt* *ʾăšer*-*ʿāśāh* *hā-rāšāʿ* *yaʿăśeh* *wā-* *ḥāy* *kol*-*ṣidqōtāyw* *ʾăšer*-*ʿāśāh* *lōʾ* *tizzākarənāh* *bə-* *maʿălô* *ʾăšer*-*māʿal* *û-* *bə-* *ḥaṭṭāʾtô* *ʾăšer*-*ḥāṭāʾ* *bām* *yāmût*", "grammar": { "*û-*": "conjunction - and", "*bə-*": "preposition - in", "*šûb*": "Qal infinitive construct - turning back", "*ṣaddîq*": "adjective masculine singular - righteous", "*mi-*": "preposition - from", "*ṣidqātô*": "feminine singular noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his righteousness", "*wə-*": "conjunction - and", "*ʿāśāh*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - he has done", "*ʿāwel*": "masculine singular noun - injustice", "*kə-*": "preposition - like, as", "*kōl*": "construct state, masculine singular - all of", "*ha-tôʿēbôt*": "definite article with feminine plural noun - the abominations", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which, that", "*ʿāśāh*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - he has done", "*hā-rāšāʿ*": "definite article with adjective masculine singular - the wicked", "*yaʿăśeh*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - he will do", "*wā-*": "conjunction - and", "*ḥāy*": "adjective masculine singular - living", "*kol*": "construct state, masculine singular - all of", "*ṣidqōtāyw*": "feminine plural noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his righteous deeds", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which, that", "*ʿāśāh*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - he has done", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*tizzākarənāh*": "Niphal imperfect 3rd feminine plural - they will be remembered", "*bə-*": "preposition - in", "*maʿălô*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his treachery", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which, that", "*māʿal*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - he has committed", "*û-*": "conjunction - and", "*bə-*": "preposition - in", "*ḥaṭṭāʾtô*": "feminine singular noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his sin", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which, that", "*ḥāṭāʾ*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - he has sinned", "*bām*": "preposition with 3rd masculine plural suffix - in them", "*yāmût*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - he will die" }, "variants": { "*ṣaddîq*": "righteous/just/innocent", "*ʿāwel*": "injustice/unrighteousness/wrong", "*tôʿēbôt*": "abominations/detestable things/abhorrent practices", "*ṣidqōtāyw*": "his righteous deeds/his just actions/his acts of righteousness", "*maʿălô*": "his treachery/his unfaithfulness/his trespass", "*ḥaṭṭāʾtô*": "his sin/his offense/his transgression" } }
• Ezek 34:10 : 10 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.34.10", "source": "כֹּה־אָמַ֞ר אֲדֹנָ֣י יְהוִ֗ה הִנְנִ֨י אֶֽל־הָרֹעִ֜ים וְֽדָרַשְׁתִּ֧י אֶת־צֹאנִ֣י מִיָּדָ֗ם וְהִשְׁבַּתִּים֙ מֵרְע֣וֹת צֹ֔אן וְלֹא־יִרְע֥וּ ע֛וֹד הָרֹעִ֖ים אוֹתָ֑ם וְהִצַּלְתִּ֤י צֹאנִי֙ מִפִּיהֶ֔ם וְלֹֽא־תִהְיֶ֥יןָ לָהֶ֖ם לְאָכְלָֽה׃", "text": "Thus-*ʾāmar* *ʾăḏōnāy* *YHWH*: *hinənî* against-the-*rōʿîm* and-*ḏārašətî* *ʾēṯ*-*ṣōʾnî* from-*yāḏām*, and-*hišbattîm* from-*rəʿôṯ* *ṣōʾn*, and-not-*yirʿû* again the-*rōʿîm* them, and-*hiṣṣaltî* *ṣōʾnî* from-*pîhem*, and-not-*ṯihyeynā* to-them for-*ʾoḵlâ*.", "grammar": { "*ʾāmar*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - said", "*ʾăḏōnāy*": "proper noun, divine title - my Lord", "*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name", "*hinənî*": "interjection with 1st singular suffix - behold me", "*rōʿîm*": "qal participle, masculine plural with definite article - the shepherds", "*ḏārašətî*": "qal perfect, 1st singular - I will require/demand", "*ʾēṯ*": "direct object marker", "*ṣōʾnî*": "common noun, feminine singular with 1st singular suffix - my flock", "*yāḏām*": "noun, feminine singular with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their hand", "*hišbattîm*": "hiphil perfect, 1st singular with 3rd masculine plural suffix - I will cause them to cease", "*rəʿôṯ*": "qal infinitive construct - shepherding/feeding", "*ṣōʾn*": "common noun, feminine singular - flock", "*yirʿû*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - they feed", "*hiṣṣaltî*": "hiphil perfect, 1st singular - I will deliver", "*pîhem*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their mouth", "*ṯihyeynā*": "qal imperfect, 3rd feminine plural - they will be", "*ʾoḵlâ*": "noun, feminine singular - food" }, "variants": { "*ʾāmar*": "said/spoke/declared", "*hinənî*": "behold me/here I am", "*ḏārašətî*": "I will require/demand/seek", "*yāḏām*": "their hand/power/control", "*hišbattîm*": "I will cause them to cease/stop/end", "*rəʿôṯ*": "feeding/shepherding/tending", "*yirʿû*": "they will feed/shepherd/tend", "*hiṣṣaltî*": "I will deliver/rescue/save", "*pîhem*": "their mouth/command", "*ṯihyeynā*": "they will be/become/exist", "*ʾoḵlâ*": "food/prey/meal" } }
• John 8:21-24 : 21 { "verseID": "John.8.21", "source": "Εἶπεν οὖν πάλιν αὐτοῖς ὁ Ἰησοῦς, Ἐγὼ ὑπάγω, καὶ ζητήσετέ με, καὶ ἐν τῇ ἁμαρτίᾳ ὑμῶν ἀποθανεῖσθε: ὅπου ἐγὼ ὑπάγω, ὑμεῖς οὐ δύνασθε ἐλθεῖν.", "text": "*Eipen* *oun* *palin* to them *Iēsous*, I *hypagō*, and you will *zētēsete* me, and in the *hamartia* of you, you will *apothaneisthe*: where I *hypagō*, you *ou* *dynasthe* *elthein*.", "grammar": { "*Eipen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd singular - said", "*oun*": "inferential conjunction - therefore/then", "*palin*": "adverb - again/once more", "*Iēsous*": "nominative, masculine, singular - Jesus", "*hypagō*": "present active indicative, 1st singular - I go", "*zētēsete*": "future active indicative, 2nd plural - you will seek", "*hamartia*": "dative, feminine, singular - sin", "*apothaneisthe*": "future middle indicative, 2nd plural - you will die", "*ou*": "negative particle - not", "*dynasthe*": "present middle/passive indicative, 2nd plural - you are able", "*elthein*": "aorist active infinitive - to come" }, "variants": { "*Eipen*": "said/told/spoke", "*hypagō*": "go/depart/withdraw", "*zētēsete*": "will seek/search for/look for", "*hamartia*": "sin/wrongdoing/error", "*apothaneisthe*": "will die/perish", "*dynasthe*": "are able/can/have power", "*elthein*": "to come/go/arrive" } } 22 { "verseID": "John.8.22", "source": "Ἔλεγον οὖν οἱ Ἰουδαῖοι, Μήτι ἀποκτενεῖ ἑαυτόν; ὅτι λέγει, Ὅπου ἐγὼ ὑπάγω, ὑμεῖς οὐ δύνασθε ἐλθεῖν.", "text": "*Elegon* *oun* the *Ioudaioi*, *Mēti* he will *apoktenei* himself? because he *legei*, Where I *hypagō*, you *ou* *dynasthe* *elthein*.", "grammar": { "*Elegon*": "imperfect active indicative, 3rd plural - they were saying", "*oun*": "inferential conjunction - therefore/then", "*Ioudaioi*": "nominative, masculine, plural - Jews", "*Mēti*": "interrogative particle expecting negative answer - surely not", "*apoktenei*": "future active indicative, 3rd singular - will kill", "*legei*": "present active indicative, 3rd singular - he says", "*hypagō*": "present active indicative, 1st singular - I go", "*ou*": "negative particle - not", "*dynasthe*": "present middle/passive indicative, 2nd plural - you are able", "*elthein*": "aorist active infinitive - to come" }, "variants": { "*Elegon*": "were saying/saying/told", "*Ioudaioi*": "Jews/Judeans", "*Mēti*": "surely not/perhaps/he will not", "*apoktenei*": "will kill/put to death", "*legei*": "says/speaks/tells", "*hypagō*": "go/depart/withdraw", "*dynasthe*": "are able/can/have power", "*elthein*": "to come/go/arrive" } } 23 { "verseID": "John.8.23", "source": "Καὶ εἴπεν αὐτοῖς, Ὑμεῖς ἐκ τῶν κάτω ἐστέ· ἐγὼ ἐκ τῶν ἄνω εἰμί: ὑμεῖς ἐκ τοῦ κόσμου τούτου ἐστέ· ἐγὼ οὐκ εἰμὶ ἐκ τοῦ κόσμου τούτου.", "text": "And *eipen* to-them, You from the *katō* *este*; I from the *anō* *eimi*: you from the *kosmou toutou* *este*; I not *eimi* from the *kosmou toutou*.", "grammar": { "*eipen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person singular - said/spoke [completed action]", "*este*": "present active indicative, 2nd person plural - are/exist", "*katō*": "adverb with article - below/beneath/down", "*anō*": "adverb with article - above/upward", "*eimi*": "present active indicative, 1st person singular - am/exist", "*kosmou toutou*": "genitive masculine singular - of this world/order", "*ouk*": "negative particle - not" }, "variants": { "*katō*": "below/beneath/things below/earthly realm", "*anō*": "above/upward/things above/heavenly realm", "*kosmou*": "world/ordered system/universe/humanity/earth" } } 24 { "verseID": "John.8.24", "source": "Εἶπον οὖν ὑμῖν, ὅτι ἀποθανεῖσθε ἐν ταῖς ἁμαρτίαις ὑμῶν: ἐὰν γὰρ μὴ πιστεύσητε ὅτι ἐγώ εἰμι, ἀποθανεῖσθε ἐν ταῖς ἁμαρτίαις ὑμῶν.", "text": "*Eipon oun* to-you, that *apothaneisthe* in the *hamartiais* of-you: if for not *pisteusēte* that *egō eimi*, *apothaneisthe* in the *hamartiais* of-you.", "grammar": { "*Eipon*": "aorist active indicative, 1st person singular - I said/told [completed action]", "*oun*": "inferential particle - therefore/then/accordingly", "*apothaneisthe*": "future middle indicative, 2nd person plural - you will die", "*hamartiais*": "dative feminine plural - sins/offenses/failures", "*pisteusēte*": "aorist active subjunctive, 2nd person plural - you might believe/trust", "*egō eimi*": "pronoun + present active indicative, 1st person singular - I am/exist", "*ean*": "conditional particle with subjunctive - if/if ever", "*mē*": "negative particle with subjunctive - not" }, "variants": { "*oun*": "therefore/consequently/then", "*hamartiais*": "sins/misses/errors/failures", "*egō eimi*": "I am/I exist/I am he [possibly divine name reference]" } }
• Prov 14:32 : 32 { "verseID": "Proverbs.14.32", "source": "בְּֽ֭רָעָתוֹ יִדָּחֶ֣ה רָשָׁ֑ע וְחֹסֶ֖ה בְמוֹת֣וֹ צַדּֽ͏ִיק׃", "text": "In *rāʿātô* *yiddāḥeh* *rāšāʿ* and *ḥôseh* in *môtô* *ṣaddîq*", "grammar": { "*rāʿātô*": "noun, feminine singular construct with 3rd person masculine singular possessive suffix - his evil/calamity", "*yiddāḥeh*": "niphal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he is thrust down/driven away", "*rāšāʿ*": "adjective/noun, masculine singular - wicked person", "*ḥôseh*": "qal participle, masculine singular - taking refuge/finding shelter", "*môtô*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular possessive suffix - his death", "*ṣaddîq*": "adjective/noun, masculine singular - righteous person" }, "variants": { "*rāʿātô*": "his wickedness/his evil/his calamity", "*yiddāḥeh*": "is thrust down/is driven away/is overthrown", "*rāšāʿ*": "wicked person/evil one", "*ḥôseh*": "taking refuge/finding shelter/trusting", "*môtô*": "his death/when he dies", "*ṣaddîq*": "righteous person/just one" } }
• Isa 56:10-11 : 10 { "verseID": "Isaiah.56.10", "source": "*צפו **צֹפָ֞יו עִוְרִ֤ים כֻּלָּם֙ לֹ֣א יָדָ֔עוּ כֻּלָּם֙ כְּלָבִ֣ים אִלְּמִ֔ים לֹ֥א יוּכְל֖וּ לִנְבֹּ֑חַ הֹזִים֙ שֹֽׁכְבִ֔ים אֹהֲבֵ֖י לָנֽוּם׃", "text": "*ṣōpāyw* *ʿiwrîm* *kullām*, not *yādāʿû*; *kullām* *kĕlābîm* *ʾillĕmîm*, not *yûklû* *linbōaḥ*; *hōzîm* *šōkĕbîm*, *ʾōhăbê* *lānûm*.", "grammar": { "*ṣōpāyw*": "qal participle, masculine plural construct with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his watchmen", "*ʿiwrîm*": "adjective, masculine plural - blind", "*kullām*": "noun with 3rd masculine plural suffix - all of them", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*yādāʿû*": "qal perfect, 3rd common plural - they know/knew", "*kullām*": "noun with 3rd masculine plural suffix - all of them", "*kĕlābîm*": "masculine plural noun - dogs", "*ʾillĕmîm*": "adjective, masculine plural - mute/unable to speak", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*yûklû*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - they are able", "*linbōaḥ*": "preposition with qal infinitive construct - to bark", "*hōzîm*": "qal participle, masculine plural - dreaming/seeing visions", "*šōkĕbîm*": "qal participle, masculine plural - lying down", "*ʾōhăbê*": "qal participle, masculine plural construct - loving", "*lānûm*": "preposition with qal infinitive construct - to slumber" }, "variants": { "*ṣōpāyw*": "his watchmen/lookouts/sentinels", "*ʿiwrîm*": "blind/sightless", "*yādāʿû*": "they know/understand/perceive", "*kĕlābîm*": "dogs/scavengers", "*ʾillĕmîm*": "mute/silent/unable to speak", "*hōzîm*": "dreamers/visionaries/those seeing visions", "*šōkĕbîm*": "lying down/reclining", "*ʾōhăbê lānûm*": "loving to slumber/fond of sleeping" } } 11 { "verseID": "Isaiah.56.11", "source": "וְהַכְּלָבִ֣ים עַזֵּי־נֶ֗פֶשׁ לֹ֤א יָֽדְעוּ֙ שָׂבְעָ֔ה וְהֵ֣מָּה רֹעִ֔ים לֹ֥א יָדְע֖וּ הָבִ֑ין כֻּלָּם֙ לְדַרְכָּ֣ם פָּנ֔וּ אִ֥ישׁ לְבִצְע֖וֹ מִקָּצֵֽהוּ׃", "text": "And *hakkĕlābîm* *ʿazzê*-*nepeš*, not *yādĕʿû* *śobʿāh*; and they [are] *rōʿîm* [who] not *yādĕʿû* *hābîn*; *kullām* to-*darkām* *pānû*, *ʾîš* to-*biṣʿô* from-*qāṣēhû*.", "grammar": { "*wə*": "conjunction - and", "*hakkĕlābîm*": "definite article with masculine plural noun - the dogs", "*ʿazzê*": "adjective, masculine plural construct - fierce/strong/greedy of", "*nepeš*": "feminine singular noun - soul/appetite/desire", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*yādĕʿû*": "qal perfect, 3rd common plural - they know", "*śobʿāh*": "feminine singular noun - satisfaction/fullness", "*wə*": "conjunction - and", "*hēmmāh*": "3rd masculine plural pronoun - they", "*rōʿîm*": "qal participle, masculine plural - shepherds/pastors", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*yādĕʿû*": "qal perfect, 3rd common plural - they know", "*hābîn*": "hiphil infinitive construct - to understand/discern", "*kullām*": "noun with 3rd masculine plural suffix - all of them", "*lĕdarkām*": "preposition with feminine singular noun and 3rd masculine plural suffix - to their way", "*pānû*": "qal perfect, 3rd common plural - they turned", "*ʾîš*": "masculine singular noun - each man/each one", "*lĕbiṣʿô*": "preposition with masculine singular noun and 3rd masculine singular suffix - to his gain", "*miqqāṣēhû*": "preposition with masculine singular noun and 3rd masculine singular suffix - from his end/extremity" }, "variants": { "*hakkĕlābîm*": "the dogs/scavengers", "*ʿazzê-nepeš*": "greedy of appetite/fierce in soul/strong in desire", "*śobʿāh*": "satisfaction/fullness/contentment", "*rōʿîm*": "shepherds/pastors/leaders", "*hābîn*": "to understand/discern/have insight", "*pānû*": "they turned/faced/looked", "*lĕbiṣʿô*": "to his gain/profit/unjust gain", "*miqqāṣēhû*": "from his end/extremity/quarter (idiom: every one of them without exception)" } }
• Gen 9:5 : 5 { "verseID": "Genesis.9.5", "source": "וְאַ֨ךְ אֶת־דִּמְכֶ֤ם לְנַפְשֹֽׁתֵיכֶם֙ אֶדְרֹ֔שׁ מִיַּ֥ד כָּל־חַיָּ֖ה אֶדְרְשֶׁ֑נּוּ וּמִיַּ֣ד הֽ͏ָאָדָ֗ם מִיַּד֙ אִ֣ישׁ אָחִ֔יו אֶדְרֹ֖שׁ אֶת־נֶ֥פֶשׁ הֽ͏ָאָדָֽם׃", "text": "And-*ʾak* *ʾet*-*dimkem* for-*napšōtêkem* *ʾedrōš* from-*yad* *kol*-*ḥayyāh* *ʾedreešennû* and-from-*yad* *hāʾādām* from-*yad* *ʾîš* *ʾāḥîw* *ʾedrōš* *ʾet*-*nepeš* *hāʾādām*.", "grammar": { "*ʾak*": "particle of restriction - only/but/surely", "*dimkem*": "noun, masculine, singular + 2nd person masculine plural possessive suffix - your blood", "*napšōtêkem*": "noun, feminine, plural + 2nd person masculine plural possessive suffix - your lives/souls", "*ʾedrōš*": "imperfect, 1st singular - I will require/seek", "*yad*": "noun, feminine, singular, construct state - hand of", "*kol*": "construct state - all of/every", "*ḥayyāh*": "noun, feminine, singular - living thing/animal", "*ʾedreešennû*": "imperfect, 1st singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - I will require it", "*hāʾādām*": "noun, masculine, singular + definite article - the man/mankind", "*ʾîš*": "noun, masculine, singular, construct state - man of", "*ʾāḥîw*": "noun, masculine, singular + 3rd person masculine singular possessive suffix - his brother", "*nepeš*": "noun, feminine, singular, construct state - life/soul of", "*hāʾādām*": "noun, masculine, singular + definite article - the man/mankind" }, "variants": { "*ʾak*": "surely/indeed/only/however", "*dimkem*": "your blood/your lifeblood", "*napšōtêkem*": "your lives/your souls/your beings", "*ʾedrōš*": "I will require/I will seek/I will demand", "*yad*": "hand/power/authority", "*ḥayyāh*": "living thing/beast/animal", "*hāʾādām*": "mankind/human/man", "*ʾîš*": "man/each/individual/person", "*ʾāḥîw*": "his brother/his kinsman/his fellow", "*nepeš*": "life/soul/being/self" } }
• Gen 42:22 : 22 { "verseID": "Genesis.42.22", "source": "וַיַּעַן֩ רְאוּבֵ֨ן אֹתָ֜ם לֵאמֹ֗ר הֲלוֹא֩ אָמַ֨רְתִּי אֲלֵיכֶ֧ם ׀ לֵאמֹ֛ר אַל־תֶּחֶטְא֥וּ בַיֶּ֖לֶד וְלֹ֣א שְׁמַעְתֶּ֑ם וְגַם־דָּמ֖וֹ הִנֵּ֥ה נִדְרָֽשׁ׃", "text": "And *yaʿan* *rəʾûḇēn* *ʾōṯām* *lēmōr*, *hălôʾ* *ʾāmartî* to-you *lēmōr*, not-*teḥeṭʾû* against-the-*yeled* and not *šəmaʿtem*; and-also-*dāmô* behold *niḏrāš*.", "grammar": { "*yaʿan*": "verb, qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular - he answered", "*rəʾûḇēn*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Reuben", "*ʾōṯām*": "direct object marker with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - them", "*lēmōr*": "preposition with qal infinitive construct - saying", "*hălôʾ*": "interrogative particle - did not/have not", "*ʾāmartî*": "verb, qal perfect, 1st person singular - I said", "*teḥeṭʾû*": "verb, qal imperfect, 2nd person masculine plural - you sin", "*yeled*": "noun, masculine singular - child/boy", "*šəmaʿtem*": "verb, qal perfect, 2nd person masculine plural - you heard/listened", "*dāmô*": "noun, masculine singular construct with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his blood", "*niḏrāš*": "verb, niphal participle, masculine singular - being required/sought" }, "variants": { "*yaʿan*": "answered/responded/replied", "*lēmōr*": "saying/to say", "*hălôʾ*": "did not/have not/is it not", "*ʾāmartî*": "I said/spoke/commanded", "*teḥeṭʾû*": "sin/offend/miss the mark", "*yeled*": "child/boy/youth/son", "*šəmaʿtem*": "you heard/listened/obeyed", "*dāmô*": "his blood/bloodshed/bloodguilt", "*niḏrāš*": "being required/sought/demanded/avenged" } }