17{
"verseID": "Isaiah.24.17",
"source": "פַּ֥חַד וָפַ֖חַת וָפָ֑ח עָלֶ֖יךָ יוֹשֵׁ֥ב הָאָֽרֶץ׃",
"text": "*paḥad* and-*paḥat* and-*pāḥ* upon-you *yōšēb* the-*ʾāreṣ*",
"grammar": {
"*paḥad*": "common noun, masculine singular - terror",
"*paḥat*": "common noun, masculine singular with conjunction ו - and pit",
"*pāḥ*": "common noun, masculine singular with conjunction ו - and snare",
"עָלֶ֖יךָ": "preposition with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - upon you",
"*yōšēb*": "Qal participle, masculine singular construct - inhabitant of",
"*ʾāreṣ*": "common noun, feminine singular with definite article - the earth/land"
},
"variants": {
"*paḥad*": "terror/dread/fear",
"*paḥat*": "pit/hole/trap",
"*pāḥ*": "snare/trap/bird net",
"*yōšēb*": "inhabitant/dweller/resident"
}
}
18{
"verseID": "Isaiah.24.18",
"source": "וֽ͏ְ֠הָיָה הַנָּ֞ס מִקּ֤וֹל הַפַּ֙חַד֙ יִפֹּ֣ל אֶל־הַפַּ֔חַת וְהָֽעוֹלֶה֙ מִתּ֣וֹךְ הַפַּ֔חַת יִלָּכֵ֖ד בַּפָּ֑ח כִּֽי־אֲרֻבּ֤וֹת מִמָּרוֹם֙ נִפְתָּ֔חוּ וַֽיִּרְעֲשׁ֖וּ מ֥וֹסְדֵי אָֽרֶץ׃",
"text": "And-*hāyāh* the-*nās* from-*qôl* the-*paḥad* *yippōl* to-the-*paḥat* and-the-*ʿôleh* from-*tôk* the-*paḥat* *yillākēd* in-the-*pāḥ* *kî*-*ʾărubbôt* from-*mārôm* *niptāḥû* and-*yirʿăšû* *môsədê* *ʾāreṣ*",
"grammar": {
"*hāyāh*": "Qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular with conjunction ו - and it will be",
"*nās*": "Qal participle, masculine singular with definite article - the one fleeing",
"*qôl*": "common noun, masculine singular construct with preposition מ - from noise/sound of",
"*paḥad*": "common noun, masculine singular with definite article - the terror",
"*yippōl*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he will fall",
"*paḥat*": "common noun, masculine singular with definite article and preposition אל - into the pit",
"*ʿôleh*": "Qal participle, masculine singular with definite article and conjunction ו - and the one coming up",
"*tôk*": "common noun, masculine singular construct with preposition מ - from midst of",
"*paḥat*": "common noun, masculine singular with definite article - the pit",
"*yillākēd*": "Niphal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he will be caught",
"*pāḥ*": "common noun, masculine singular with definite article and preposition ב - in the snare",
"*kî*": "conjunction - for/because",
"*ʾărubbôt*": "common noun, feminine plural - windows/floodgates",
"*mārôm*": "common noun, masculine singular with preposition מ - from on high",
"*niptāḥû*": "Niphal perfect, 3rd person common plural - they are opened",
"*yirʿăšû*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural with waw consecutive - they shake",
"*môsədê*": "common noun, masculine plural construct - foundations of",
"*ʾāreṣ*": "common noun, feminine singular - earth/land"
},
"variants": {
"*nās*": "one fleeing/fugitive/escapee",
"*qôl*": "noise/sound/voice",
"*paḥad*": "terror/dread/fear",
"*yippōl*": "will fall/shall fall/drops",
"*paḥat*": "pit/hole/trap",
"*ʿôleh*": "one coming up/one climbing out/one ascending",
"*yillākēd*": "will be caught/will be trapped/will be snared",
"*ʾărubbôt*": "windows/floodgates/sluices",
"*mārôm*": "on high/heights/heaven",
"*niptāḥû*": "are opened/are uncovered",
"*yirʿăšû*": "shake/quake/tremble",
"*môsədê*": "foundations/bases/supports"
}
}
19{
"verseID": "Isaiah.24.19",
"source": "רֹ֥עָה הִֽתְרֹעֲעָ֖ה הָאָ֑רֶץ פּ֤וֹר הִֽתְפּוֹרְרָה֙ אֶ֔רֶץ מ֥וֹט הִֽתְמוֹטְטָ֖ה אָֽרֶץ׃",
"text": "*rōʿāh* *hitrōʿăʿāh* the-*ʾāreṣ* *pôr* *hitpôrərāh* *ʾereṣ* *môṭ* *hitmôṭəṭāh* *ʾāreṣ*",
"grammar": {
"*rōʿāh*": "Qal infinitive absolute - utterly broken",
"*hitrōʿăʿāh*": "Hithpoel perfect, 3rd person feminine singular - breaks itself in pieces",
"*ʾāreṣ*": "common noun, feminine singular with definite article - the earth/land",
"*pôr*": "Qal infinitive absolute - utterly broken",
"*hitpôrərāh*": "Hithpoel perfect, 3rd person feminine singular - crumbles to pieces",
"*ʾereṣ*": "common noun, feminine singular - earth/land",
"*môṭ*": "Qal infinitive absolute - utterly shaken",
"*hitmôṭəṭāh*": "Hithpoel perfect, 3rd person feminine singular - totters exceedingly",
"*ʾāreṣ*": "common noun, feminine singular - earth/land"
},
"variants": {
"*rōʿāh hitrōʿăʿāh*": "is utterly broken/is completely shattered",
"*pôr hitpôrərāh*": "is utterly split/is completely broken up",
"*môṭ hitmôṭəṭāh*": "is utterly shaken/staggers exceedingly/totters violently"
}
}
20{
"verseID": "Isaiah.24.20",
"source": "נ֣וֹעַ תָּנ֤וּעַ אֶ֙רֶץ֙ כַּשִּׁכּ֔וֹר וְהִֽתְנוֹדְדָ֖ה כַּמְּלוּנָ֑ה וְכָבַ֤ד עָלֶ֙יהָ֙ פִּשְׁעָ֔הּ וְנָפְלָ֖ה וְלֹא־תֹסִ֥יף קֽוּם׃",
"text": "*nôaʿ* *tānûaʿ* *ʾereṣ* like-the-*šikkôr* and-*hitnôdədāh* like-the-*məlûnāh* and-*kābad* upon-her *pišʿāh* and-*nāpəlāh* and-not-*tōsîp* *qûm*",
"grammar": {
"*nôaʿ*": "Qal infinitive absolute - reeling",
"*tānûaʿ*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd person feminine singular - she reels",
"*ʾereṣ*": "common noun, feminine singular - earth/land",
"*šikkôr*": "adjective, masculine singular with preposition כ and definite article - like the drunkard",
"*hitnôdədāh*": "Hithpoel perfect, 3rd person feminine singular with conjunction ו - and she sways",
"*məlûnāh*": "common noun, feminine singular with preposition כ and definite article - like the hut/lodge",
"*kābad*": "Qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular with conjunction ו - and is heavy",
"עָלֶ֙יהָ֙": "preposition with 3rd person feminine singular suffix - upon her",
"*pišʿāh*": "common noun, masculine singular with 3rd person feminine singular suffix - her transgression",
"*nāpəlāh*": "Qal perfect, 3rd person feminine singular with conjunction ו - and she falls",
"*tōsîp*": "Hiphil imperfect, 3rd person feminine singular with negation לֹא - she will not add/continue",
"*qûm*": "Qal infinitive construct - to rise"
},
"variants": {
"*nôaʿ tānûaʿ*": "reels to and fro/staggers exceedingly/sways violently",
"*šikkôr*": "drunkard/drunk person",
"*hitnôdədāh*": "sways/totters/staggers",
"*məlûnāh*": "hut/lodge/watchman's booth",
"*kābad*": "is heavy/weighs heavily/is burdensome",
"*pišʿāh*": "her transgression/her rebellion/her sin",
"*nāpəlāh*": "she falls/she collapses",
"*tōsîp qûm*": "will not rise again/will not get up anymore"
}
}