Isaiah 47:6

biblecontext

{ "verseID": "Isaiah.47.6", "source": "קָצַ֣פְתִּי עַל־עַמִּ֗י חִלַּ֙לְתִּי֙ נַחֲלָתִ֔י וָאֶתְּנֵ֖ם בְּיָדֵ֑ךְ לֹא־שַׂ֤מְתְּ לָהֶם֙ רַחֲמִ֔ים עַל־זָקֵ֕ן הִכְבַּ֥דְתְּ עֻלֵּ֖ךְ מְאֹֽד׃", "text": "*qāṣap̄tî* upon-*ʿammî* *ḥillaltî* *naḥălāṯî* and-*wāʾettənēm* in-*yāḏēḵ* not-*śamt* to-them *raḥămîm* upon-*zāqēn* *hiḵbadt* *ʿullēḵ* *məʾōḏ*.", "grammar": { "*qāṣap̄tî*": "qal perfect, 1st person singular - I was angry", "*ʿammî*": "masculine singular noun with 1st person singular suffix - my people", "*ḥillaltî*": "piel perfect, 1st person singular - I profaned/defiled", "*naḥălāṯî*": "feminine singular noun with 1st person singular suffix - my inheritance/heritage", "*wāʾettənēm*": "qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 1st person singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - and I gave them", "*yāḏēḵ*": "feminine singular noun with 2nd person feminine singular suffix - your hand", "*śamt*": "qal perfect, 2nd person feminine singular - you placed/showed", "*raḥămîm*": "masculine plural noun - mercies/compassion", "*zāqēn*": "masculine singular adjective/noun - aged/elder/old man", "*hiḵbadt*": "hiphil perfect, 2nd person feminine singular - you made heavy", "*ʿullēḵ*": "masculine singular noun with 2nd person feminine singular suffix - your yoke", "*məʾōḏ*": "adverb - very/exceedingly" }, "variants": { "*qāṣap̄tî*": "I was angry/I was wrathful/I was furious", "*ḥillaltî*": "I profaned/I defiled/I polluted", "*naḥălāṯî*": "my inheritance/my heritage/my possession", "*raḥămîm*": "mercies/compassion/pity", "*zāqēn*": "aged/elder/old man", "*ʿullēḵ*": "your yoke/your burden" } }

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

קָצַ֣פְתִּי עַל־עַמִּ֗י חִלַּ֙לְתִּי֙ נַחֲלָתִ֔י וָאֶתְּנֵ֖ם בְּיָדֵ֑ךְ לֹא־שַׂ֤מְתְּ לָהֶם֙ רַחֲמִ֔ים עַל־זָקֵ֕ן הִכְבַּ֥דְתְּ עֻלֵּ֖ךְ מְאֹֽד׃

Transliteration

qāṣap̄tî upon-ʿammî ḥillaltî naḥălāṯî and-wāʾettənēm in-yāḏēḵ not-śamt to-them raḥămîm upon-zāqēn hiḵbadt ʿullēḵ məʾōḏ.

Grammar Details

• *qāṣap̄tî*: qal perfect, 1st person singular - I was angry
• *ʿammî*: masculine singular noun with 1st person singular suffix - my people
• *ḥillaltî*: piel perfect, 1st person singular - I profaned/defiled
• *naḥălāṯî*: feminine singular noun with 1st person singular suffix - my inheritance/heritage
• *wāʾettənēm*: qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 1st person singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - and I gave them
• *yāḏēḵ*: feminine singular noun with 2nd person feminine singular suffix - your hand
• *śamt*: qal perfect, 2nd person feminine singular - you placed/showed
• *raḥămîm*: masculine plural noun - mercies/compassion
• *zāqēn*: masculine singular adjective/noun - aged/elder/old man
• *hiḵbadt*: hiphil perfect, 2nd person feminine singular - you made heavy
• *ʿullēḵ*: masculine singular noun with 2nd person feminine singular suffix - your yoke
• *məʾōḏ*: adverb - very/exceedingly

Word Meanings

• *qāṣap̄tî*: I was angry/I was wrathful/I was furious
• *ḥillaltî*: I profaned/I defiled/I polluted
• *naḥălāṯî*: my inheritance/my heritage/my possession
• *raḥămîm*: mercies/compassion/pity
• *zāqēn*: aged/elder/old man
• *ʿullēḵ*: your yoke/your burden

Other Translations

• Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts

  I was angry with My people, I profaned My heritage and gave them into your hand. You showed them no mercy; you made your yoke very heavy on the elderly.

• King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)

  I was wroth with my people, I have polluted mine inheritance, and given them into thine hand: thou didst shew them no mercy; upon the ancient hast thou very heavily laid thy yoke.

• KJV1611 – Modern English

  I was angry with My people, I have defiled My inheritance and given them into your hand. You showed them no mercy; upon the elderly you have laid your yoke very heavily.

• King James Version 1611 (Original)

  I was wroth with my people, I have polluted mine inheritance, and given them into thine hand: thou didst shew them no mercy; upon the ancient hast thou very heavily laid thy yoke.

• American Standard Version with Strong's Numbers

  I was wroth{H7107} with my people,{H5971} I profaned{H2490} mine inheritance,{H5159} and gave{H5414} them into thy hand:{H3027} thou didst show{H7760} them no mercy;{H7356} upon the aged{H2205} hast thou very{H3966} heavily{H3513} laid thy yoke.{H5923}

• King James Version with Strong's Numbers

  I was wroth{H7107}{(H8804)} with my people{H5971}, I have polluted{H2490}{(H8765)} mine inheritance{H5159}, and given{H5414}{(H8799)} them into thine hand{H3027}: thou didst shew{H7760}{(H8804)} them no mercy{H7356}; upon the ancient{H2205} hast thou very{H3966} heavily{H3513}{(H8689)} laid thy yoke{H5923}.

• Coverdale Bible (1535)

  I was so wroth with my people, yt I punyshed myne enheritaunce, and gaue them in to thy power. Neuertheles, thou shewdest them no mercy, but euen the very aged men of the, didest thou oppresse right sore with thy yock,

• Geneva Bible (1560)

  I was wroth with my people: I haue polluted mine inheritance, and giuen them into thine had: thou diddest shew them no mercy, but thou didest lay thy very heauy yoke vpon the ancient.

• Bishops' Bible (1568)

  I was so wroth with my people, that I punished myne inheritaunce, and gaue them into thy power, neuerthelesse thou shewedst them no mercy, but euen the very aged of them diddest thou oppresse right sore with the yoke.

• Authorized King James Version (1611)

  I was wroth with my people, I have polluted mine inheritance, and given them into thine hand: thou didst shew them no mercy; upon the ancient hast thou very heavily laid thy yoke.

• Webster's Bible (1833)

  I was angry with my people, I profaned my inheritance, and gave them into your hand: you did show them no mercy; on the aged have you very heavily laid your yoke.

• Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

  I have been wroth against My people, I have polluted Mine inheritance And I give them into thy hand, Thou hast not appointed for them mercies, On the aged thou hast made thy yoke very heavy,

• American Standard Version (1901)

  I was wroth with my people, I profaned mine inheritance, and gave them into thy hand: thou didst show them no mercy; upon the aged hast thou very heavily laid thy yoke.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  I was wroth with my people, I profaned mine inheritance, and gave them into thy hand: thou didst show them no mercy; upon the aged hast thou very heavily laid thy yoke.

• Bible in Basic English (1941)

  I was angry with my people, I put shame on my heritage, and gave them into your hands: you had no mercy on them; you put a cruel yoke on those who were old;

• World English Bible (2000)

  I was angry with my people, I profaned my inheritance, and gave them into your hand: you showed them no mercy; on the aged you have very heavily laid your yoke.

• NET Bible® (New English Translation)

  I was angry at my people; I defiled my special possession and handed them over to you. You showed them no mercy; you even placed a very heavy burden on old people.

Referenced Verses

• Zech 1:15 : 15 { "verseID": "Zechariah.1.15", "source": "וְקֶ֤צֶף גָּדוֹל֙ אֲנִ֣י קֹצֵ֔ף עַל־הַגּוֹיִ֖ם הַשַּֽׁאֲנַנִּ֑ים אֲשֶׁ֤ר אֲנִי֙ קָצַ֣פְתִּי מְּעָ֔ט וְהֵ֖מָּה עָזְר֥וּ לְרָעָֽה", "text": "And *qeṣep̄* *gāḏôl* I *qōṣēp̄* against-the *gôyim* the *šaʾănannîm*, whom I *qāṣap̄tî* *mᵉʿāṭ* and-they *ʿāzᵉrû* *lᵉrāʿāh*", "grammar": { "*qeṣep̄*": "noun masculine singular with conjunction *wᵉ* - and wrath/anger", "*gāḏôl*": "adjective masculine singular - great", "*qōṣēp̄*": "verb qal participle masculine singular - am angry", "*gôyim*": "noun masculine plural with definite article and preposition *ʿal* - against the nations", "*šaʾănannîm*": "adjective masculine plural with definite article - the complacent/at ease", "*qāṣap̄tî*": "verb qal perfect 1st person singular - I was angry", "*mᵉʿāṭ*": "adjective masculine singular - little", "*ʿāzᵉrû*": "verb qal perfect 3rd common plural with conjunction *wᵉ* - and they helped", "*lᵉrāʿāh*": "preposition *lᵉ* + noun feminine singular - for evil/harm" }, "variants": { "*qeṣep̄*": "wrath/anger/indignation", "*qōṣēp̄*": "am angry/furious/wrathful", "*gôyim*": "nations/peoples/gentiles", "*šaʾănannîm*": "complacent/at ease/secure", "*mᵉʿāṭ*": "little/small amount", "*ʿāzᵉrû*": "helped/assisted", "*lᵉrāʿāh*": "for evil/for harm/for calamity" } }
• 2 Chr 28:9 : 9 { "verseID": "2 Chronicles.28.9", "source": "וְ֠שָׁם הָיָ֨ה נָבִ֥יא לַֽיהוָה֮ עֹדֵ֣ד שְׁמוֹ֒ וַיֵּצֵ֗א לִפְנֵ֤י הַצָּבָא֙ הַבָּ֣א לְשֹׁמְר֔וֹן וַיֹּ֣אמֶר לָהֶ֗ם הִ֠נֵּה בַּחֲמַ֨ת יְהוָ֧ה אֱלֹהֵֽי־אֲבוֹתֵיכֶ֛ם עַל־יְהוּדָ֖ה נְתָנָ֣ם בְּיֶדְכֶ֑ם וַתַּֽהַרְגוּ־בָ֣ם בְזַ֔עַף עַ֥ד לַשָּׁמַ֖יִם הִגִּֽיעַ׃", "text": "*wəshām* *hāyāh* *nāḇîʾ* *laYHWH* *ʿŌdêd* *shəmô* *wayyêṣêʾ* *lipnê* *haṣṣāḇāʾ* *habbāʾ* *ləShōmərôn* *wayyōʾmer* *lāhem* *hinnêh* *baḥamat* *YHWH* *ʾĕlōhê*-*ʾaḇôtêḵem* *ʿal*-*Yəhûdāh* *nətānām* *bəyedḵem* *wattahargû*-*ḇām* *bəzaʿap* *ʿad* *lashshāmayim* *higgîaʿ*", "grammar": { "*wəshām*": "conjunction + adverb - and there", "*hāyāh*": "3rd masculine singular qal perfect - was", "*nāḇîʾ*": "masculine singular noun - prophet", "*laYHWH*": "preposition + divine name - to/of Yahweh", "*ʿŌdêd*": "proper noun - Oded", "*shəmô*": "masculine singular noun + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his name", "*wayyêṣêʾ*": "conjunction + 3rd masculine singular qal imperfect waw-consecutive - and he went out", "*lipnê*": "preposition + plural construct - before", "*haṣṣāḇāʾ*": "definite article + masculine singular noun - the army", "*habbāʾ*": "definite article + qal participle masculine singular - the coming", "*ləShōmərôn*": "preposition + proper noun - to Samaria", "*wayyōʾmer*": "conjunction + 3rd masculine singular qal imperfect waw-consecutive - and he said", "*lāhem*": "preposition + 3rd masculine plural suffix - to them", "*hinnêh*": "demonstrative particle - behold", "*baḥamat*": "preposition + feminine singular construct - in fury of", "*YHWH*": "divine name - Yahweh", "*ʾĕlōhê*-*ʾaḇôtêḵem*": "masculine plural construct + masculine plural noun + 2nd masculine plural suffix - God of your fathers", "*ʿal*-*Yəhûdāh*": "preposition + proper noun - against Judah", "*nətānām*": "3rd masculine singular qal perfect + 3rd masculine plural suffix - he gave them", "*bəyedḵem*": "preposition + feminine singular noun + 2nd masculine plural suffix - into your hand", "*wattahargû*-*ḇām*": "conjunction + 2nd masculine plural qal imperfect waw-consecutive + preposition + 3rd masculine plural suffix - and you killed among them", "*bəzaʿap*": "preposition + masculine singular noun - in rage", "*ʿad*": "preposition - until", "*lashshāmayim*": "preposition + definite article + masculine dual noun - to the heavens", "*higgîaʿ*": "3rd masculine singular hiphil perfect - it has reached" }, "variants": { "*nāḇîʾ* *laYHWH*": "prophet of/to Yahweh", "*habbāʾ*": "coming/entering/arriving", "*baḥamat*": "in fury/rage/wrath of", "*bəzaʿap*": "in rage/fury/anger" } }
• Ps 69:26 : 26 { "verseID": "Psalms.69.26", "source": "תְּהִי־טִֽירָתָ֥ם נְשַׁמָּ֑ה בְּ֝אָהֳלֵיהֶ֗ם אַל־יְהִ֥י יֹשֵֽׁב׃", "text": "*tĕhî*-*ṭîrātām* *nĕšammâ* in-*'oholêhem* not-*yĕhî* *yōšēḇ*", "grammar": { "*tĕhî*": "Qal jussive, 3rd person feminine singular - let it be", "*ṭîrātām*": "feminine singular noun with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their encampment", "*nĕšammâ*": "Niphal participle, feminine singular - desolate", "*'oholêhem*": "masculine plural noun with 3rd person masculine plural suffix and prefixed preposition bĕ - in their tents", "*yĕhî*": "Qal jussive, 3rd person masculine singular with negative particle 'al - let there not be", "*yōšēḇ*": "Qal participle, masculine singular - one dwelling" }, "variants": { "*tĕhî*": "let it be/may it become", "*ṭîrātām*": "their encampment/their camp/their settlement", "*nĕšammâ*": "desolate/deserted", "*'oholêhem*": "their tents/their dwellings", "*yĕhî*": "let there be/may there be", "*yōšēḇ*": "dweller/inhabitant/resident" } }
• Isa 14:17 : 17 { "verseID": "Isaiah.14.17", "source": "שָׂ֥ם תֵּבֵ֛ל כַּמִּדְבָּ֖ר וְעָרָ֣יו הָרָ֑ס אֲסִירָ֖יו לֹא־פָ֥תַח בָּֽיְתָה׃", "text": "*śām* *tēḇēl* like-the-*midbār* and-*ʿārāyw* *hārās*; *ʾăsîrāyw* not-*p̄ātaḥ* homeward.", "grammar": { "*śām*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he made/placed", "*tēḇēl*": "feminine singular noun - world/inhabited earth", "*midbār*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - the wilderness/desert", "*ʿārāyw*": "feminine plural noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his cities", "*hārās*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he destroyed/tore down", "*ʾăsîrāyw*": "masculine plural noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his prisoners", "*p̄ātaḥ*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he opened/released" }, "variants": { "*śām*": "made/placed/set/turned", "*tēḇēl*": "world/inhabited earth/inhabited land", "*midbār*": "wilderness/desert/uninhabited land", "*hārās*": "destroyed/tore down/demolished", "*ʾăsîrāyw*": "his prisoners/his captives/those bound by him", "*p̄ātaḥ*": "opened/released/set free" } }
• Deut 28:50 : 50 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.28.50", "source": "גּ֖וֹי עַ֣ז פָּנִ֑ים אֲשֶׁ֨ר לֹא־יִשָּׂ֤א פָנִים֙ לְזָקֵ֔ן וְנַ֖עַר לֹ֥א יָחֹֽן׃", "text": "*Gôy* *ʿaz* *pānîm* which not-*yiśśāʾ* *pānîm* to-*zāqēn* *wə*-*naʿar* not *yāḥōn*.", "grammar": { "*Gôy*": "masculine singular noun - 'nation'", "*ʿaz*": "masculine singular adjective - 'fierce'", "*pānîm*": "masculine plural noun - 'face'", "*yiśśāʾ*": "imperfect Qal 3rd masculine singular - 'he will lift up/show respect'", "*pānîm*": "masculine plural noun - 'face'", "*zāqēn*": "masculine singular noun - 'old man/elder'", "*wə*": "conjunction - 'and'", "*naʿar*": "masculine singular noun - 'young man/youth'", "*yāḥōn*": "imperfect Qal 3rd masculine singular - 'he will show favor'" }, "variants": { "*Gôy ʿaz pānîm*": "fierce-faced nation/nation of fierce countenance", "*yiśśāʾ pānîm*": "show respect/regard/be partial to", "*zāqēn*": "old man/elder", "*naʿar*": "young man/youth/boy", "*yāḥōn*": "show favor/be gracious to/have mercy on" } }
• Obad 1:10 : 10 { "verseID": "Obadiah.1.10", "source": "מֵחֲמַ֛ס אָחִ֥יךָ יַעֲקֹ֖ב תְּכַסְּךָ֣ בוּשָׁ֑ה וְנִכְרַ֖תָּ לְעוֹלָֽם", "text": "from-*ḥămas* *ʾāḥîkā* *yaʿăqōb* *tĕkassĕkā* *bûšâ* *wĕ*-*nikrattā* *lĕʿôlām*", "grammar": { "*ḥămas*": "noun, masculine singular construct - violence against", "*ʾāḥîkā*": "noun, masculine singular with 2nd masculine singular suffix - your brother", "*yaʿăqōb*": "proper noun - Jacob", "*tĕkassĕkā*": "piel imperfect, 3rd feminine singular with 2nd masculine singular suffix - it will cover you", "*bûšâ*": "noun, feminine singular - shame", "*wĕ*-": "conjunction - and", "*nikrattā*": "niphal perfect, 2nd masculine singular - you will be cut off", "*lĕʿôlām*": "preposition with noun - forever" }, "variants": { "*ḥămas*": "violence/wrong/cruelty", "*ʾāḥîkā*": "your brother/kinsman", "*tĕkassĕkā*": "it will cover you/overwhelm you", "*bûšâ*": "shame/disgrace/humiliation", "*nikrattā*": "you will be cut off/destroyed/eliminated", "*lĕʿôlām*": "forever/eternally/perpetually" } }
• Obad 1:16 : 16 { "verseID": "Obadiah.1.16", "source": "כִּ֗י כַּֽאֲשֶׁ֤ר שְׁתִיתֶם֙ עַל־הַ֣ר קָדְשִׁ֔י יִשְׁתּ֥וּ כָֽל־הַגּוֹיִ֖ם תָּמִ֑יד וְשָׁת֣וּ וְלָע֔וּ וְהָי֖וּ כְּל֥וֹא הָֽיוּ", "text": "for as-that *šĕtîtem* upon-*har* *qodšî* *yištû* all-the-*gôyim* *tāmîd* *wĕ*-*šātû* *wĕ*-*lāʿû* *wĕ*-*hāyû* like-not they-were", "grammar": { "*šĕtîtem*": "qal perfect, 2nd masculine plural - you drank", "*har*": "noun, masculine singular construct - mountain of", "*qodšî*": "noun, masculine singular with 1st singular suffix - my holiness", "*yištû*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - they will drink", "*gôyim*": "noun, masculine plural - nations", "*tāmîd*": "adverb - continually", "*wĕ*-": "conjunction - and", "*šātû*": "qal perfect, 3rd plural - they will drink", "*lāʿû*": "qal perfect, 3rd plural - they will swallow/gulp", "*hāyû*": "qal perfect, 3rd plural - they will be" }, "variants": { "*šĕtîtem*": "you drank/consumed", "*har*": "mountain/hill", "*qodšî*": "my holiness/my holy mountain", "*yištû*": "they will drink/consume", "*gôyim*": "nations/gentiles/peoples", "*tāmîd*": "continually/perpetually/regularly", "*šātû*": "they will drink/consume", "*lāʿû*": "they will swallow/gulp down/consume", "*hāyû*": "they will be/become/exist" } }
• 2 Sam 24:14 : 14 { "verseID": "2 Samuel.24.14", "source": "וַיֹּ֧אמֶר דָּוִ֛ד אֶל־גָּ֖ד צַר־לִ֣י מְאֹ֑ד נִפְּלָה־נָּ֤א בְיַד־יְהוָה֙ כִּֽי־רַבִּ֣ים *רחמו **רַֽחֲמָ֔יו וּבְיַד־אָדָ֖ם אַל־אֶפֹּֽלָה", "text": "And *yō'mer* *dāwiḏ* to *gāḏ* *ṣar-lî* *mə'ōḏ* *nipəlāh-nā'* in *yaḏ-YHWH* for many *raḥămāyw* and in *yaḏ-'āḏām* not *'epōlāh*", "grammar": { "*yō'mer*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular with waw consecutive - he said", "*dāwiḏ*": "proper noun - David", "*gāḏ*": "proper noun - Gad", "*ṣar-lî*": "adjective + preposition with 1st singular suffix - distress to me", "*mə'ōḏ*": "adverb - greatly", "*nipəlāh-nā'*": "Qal imperfect 1st plural cohortative + particle of entreaty - let us fall please", "*yaḏ-YHWH*": "construct noun + divine name - hand of YHWH", "*raḥămāyw*": "plural noun + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his mercies", "*yaḏ-'āḏām*": "construct noun + noun - hand of man", "*'epōlāh*": "Qal imperfect 1st singular cohortative - let me fall" }, "variants": { "*ṣar*": "distress/trouble/narrow", "*nipəlāh*": "let us fall/drop into", "*raḥămāyw*": "his mercies/compassions/tender mercies", "*'epōlāh*": "let me fall/come into" } }
• Matt 7:2 : 2 { "verseID": "Matthew.7.2", "source": "Ἐν ᾧ γὰρ κρίματι κρίνετε, κριθήσεσθε: καὶ ἐν ᾧ μέτρῳ μετρεῖτε, μετρηθήσεται ὑμῖν.", "text": "In which *gar* *krimati krinete*, you will be *krithēsesthe*: and in which *metrō metreite*, will be *metrēthēsetai* to you.", "grammar": { "*gar*": "postpositive conjunction - for/because", "*krimati*": "dative singular neuter - judgment/standard", "*krinete*": "present active indicative, 2nd person plural - you judge", "*krithēsesthe*": "future passive indicative, 2nd person plural - you will be judged", "*metrō*": "dative singular neuter - measure/standard", "*metreite*": "present active indicative, 2nd person plural - you measure", "*metrēthēsetai*": "future passive indicative, 3rd person singular - it will be measured", "*hymin*": "dative plural - to you" }, "variants": { "*krimati*": "judgment/verdict/standard of judgment", "*krinete*": "judge/evaluate/condemn", "*metrō*": "measure/standard/quantity", "*metreite*": "measure out/evaluate/apportion" } }
• Jas 2:13 : 13 { "verseID": "James.2.13", "source": "Ἡ γὰρ κρίσις ἀνίλεως, τῷ μὴ ποιήσαντι ἔλεος· καὶ κατακαυχᾶται ἔλεος κρίσεως.", "text": "The *gar krisis anileōs*, to the one not *poiēsanti eleos*; and *katakaychatai eleos kriseōs*.", "grammar": { "Ἡ *krisis*": "nominative, feminine, singular - the judgment", "*gar*": "postpositive conjunction - for", "*anileōs*": "nominative, neuter, singular, adjective - without mercy", "τῷ μὴ *poiēsanti*": "dative, masculine, singular, aorist active participle - to the one not having shown", "*eleos*": "accusative, neuter, singular - mercy", "*katakaychatai*": "present, middle, indicative, 3rd person singular - triumphs over/boasts against", "*eleos*": "nominative, neuter, singular - mercy", "*kriseōs*": "genitive, feminine, singular - of judgment" }, "variants": { "*krisis*": "judgment/verdict/decision", "*anileōs*": "without mercy/merciless", "*poiēsanti eleos*": "having shown mercy/having acted mercifully", "*katakaychatai*": "triumphs over/boasts against/rejoices against", "*eleos*": "mercy/compassion", "*kriseōs*": "judgment/verdict/decision" } }
• Isa 42:24-25 : 24 { "verseID": "Isaiah.42.24", "source": "מִֽי־נָתַ֨ן לִמְשִׁסָּ֧ה יַעֲקֹ֛ב וְיִשְׂרָאֵ֥ל לְבֹזְזִ֖ים הֲל֣וֹא יְהוָ֑ה ז֚וּ חָטָ֣אנוּ ל֔וֹ וְלֹֽא־אָב֤וּ בִדְרָכָיו֙ הָל֔וֹךְ וְלֹ֥א שָׁמְע֖וּ בְּתוֹרָתֽוֹ׃", "text": "Who *nātan* *limšissâ* *Yaʿăqōv* and *Yiśrāʾēl* *lĕvōzĕzîm*? Was it not *YHWH*, against whom we *ḥāṭāʾnû*, and not *ʾāvû* in his ways *hālôk*, and not *šāmĕʿû* in his *tôrâ*?", "grammar": { "*nātan*": "qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - he gave/delivered", "*limšissâ*": "preposition with feminine noun - for plunder/spoil", "*Yaʿăqōv*": "proper noun - Jacob", "*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*lĕvōzĕzîm*": "preposition with qal participle masculine plural - to plunderers/looters", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - covenant name of God", "*ḥāṭāʾnû*": "qal perfect 1st person plural - we sinned", "*ʾāvû*": "qal perfect 3rd person plural - they were willing/they consented", "*hālôk*": "qal infinitive absolute - to walk/walking", "*šāmĕʿû*": "qal perfect 3rd person plural - they listened/heard/obeyed", "*tôrâ*": "feminine singular noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his law/instruction" }, "variants": { "*nātan*": "gave/delivered/handed over", "*limšissâ*": "for plunder/for spoil/for looting", "*lĕvōzĕzîm*": "to plunderers/to looters/to robbers", "*ḥāṭāʾnû*": "we sinned/we missed the mark/we offended", "*ʾāvû*": "were willing/consented/agreed", "*hālôk*": "walking/going/proceeding", "*šāmĕʿû*": "listened/heard/obeyed", "*tôrâ*": "law/instruction/teaching/direction" } } 25 { "verseID": "Isaiah.42.25", "source": "וַיִּשְׁפֹּ֤ךְ עָלָיו֙ חֵמָ֣ה אַפּ֔וֹ וֶעֱז֖וּז מִלְחָמָ֑ה וַתְּלַהֲטֵ֤הוּ מִסָּבִיב֙ וְלֹ֣א יָדָ֔ע וַתִּבְעַר־בּ֖וֹ וְלֹא־יָשִׂ֥ים עַל־לֵֽב׃ פ", "text": "And he *wayyišpōk* upon him *ḥēmâ* *ʾappô* and *ʿĕzûz* *milḥāmâ*; and *wattĕlahăṭēhû* from all around, yet not *yādāʿ*, and *wattiḇʿar-bô* yet not *yāśîm* *ʿal-lēḇ*.", "grammar": { "*wayyišpōk*": "qal imperfect consecutive 3rd masculine singular - and he poured out", "*ḥēmâ*": "feminine singular noun - rage/fury/wrath", "*ʾappô*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his anger/his nose", "*ʿĕzûz*": "masculine singular noun - might/strength/fierceness", "*milḥāmâ*": "feminine singular noun - battle/war/fight", "*wattĕlahăṭēhû*": "piel imperfect consecutive 3rd feminine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - and it consumed him/it burned him", "*yādāʿ*": "qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - he knew/understood/perceived", "*wattiḇʿar-bô*": "qal imperfect consecutive 3rd feminine singular with preposition and 3rd masculine singular suffix - and it burned in him", "*yāśîm*": "qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - he puts/places/takes", "*ʿal-lēḇ*": "preposition with masculine singular noun - upon heart/to heart/to mind" }, "variants": { "*wayyišpōk*": "poured out/emptied/expended", "*ḥēmâ*": "rage/fury/wrath/hot anger", "*ʾappô*": "his anger/his nose/his wrath", "*ʿĕzûz*": "might/strength/fierceness", "*milḥāmâ*": "battle/war/fighting/conflict", "*wattĕlahăṭēhû*": "consumed him/burned him/scorched him", "*yādāʿ*": "knew/understood/perceived/recognized", "*wattiḇʿar-bô*": "burned in him/blazed in him/consumed in him", "*yāśîm*": "puts/places/takes/considers", "*ʿal-lēḇ*": "to heart/to mind/takes to heart/takes seriously" } }
• Isa 43:28 : 28 { "verseID": "Isaiah.43.28", "source": "וַאֲחַלֵּ֖ל שָׂ֣רֵי קֹ֑דֶשׁ וְאֶתְּנָ֤ה לַחֵ֙רֶם֙ יַעֲקֹ֔ב וְיִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל לְגִדּוּפִֽים׃", "text": "And I *waʾăḥallēl* *śārê* *qōdeš*, and I *weʾettənâ* to *ḥērem* *Yaʿaqōb*, and *Yiśrāʾēl* to *giddûpîm*.", "grammar": { "*waʾăḥallēl*": "imperfect with consecutive waw, 1st person singular, Piel - and I profaned", "*śārê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - princes/officials of", "*qōdeš*": "noun, masculine singular - holiness/sanctuary", "*weʾettənâ*": "imperfect with consecutive waw, 1st person singular - and I gave", "*ḥērem*": "noun, masculine singular with preposition - to destruction/ban", "*Yaʿaqōb*": "proper noun - Jacob", "*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*giddûpîm*": "noun, masculine plural with preposition - to reproaches/reviling" }, "variants": { "*waʾăḥallēl*": "profaned/desecrated/defiled", "*śārê*": "princes/officials/rulers", "*qōdeš*": "holiness/sanctuary/holy place", "*weʾettənâ*": "gave/handed over/delivered", "*ḥērem*": "destruction/ban/curse", "*giddûpîm*": "reproaches/reviling/taunts" } }
• Lam 2:2 : 2 { "verseID": "Lamentations.2.2", "source": "בִּלַּ֨ע אֲדֹנָ֜י *לא **וְלֹ֣א חָמַ֗ל אֵ֚ת כָּל־נְא֣וֹת יַעֲקֹ֔ב הָרַ֧ס בְּעֶבְרָת֛וֹ מִבְצְרֵ֥י בַת־יְהוּדָ֖ה הִגִּ֣יעַ לָאָ֑רֶץ חִלֵּ֥ל מַמְלָכָ֖ה וְשָׂרֶֽיהָ׃", "text": "*billaʿ* *ʾăḏōnāy* and-not *ḥāmal* *ʾēṯ* all-*nəʾôṯ* *yaʿăqōḇ* *hāras* in-*ʿeḇrāṯô* *miḇṣərê* daughter-*yəhûḏâ* *higgîaʿ* to-*ʾāreṣ* *ḥillēl* *mamlāḵâ* and-*śārêhā*", "grammar": { "*billaʿ*": "piel perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he has swallowed up/devoured", "*ʾăḏōnāy*": "noun, masculine singular - Lord", "*wəlōʾ*": "conjunction + negative particle - and not", "*ḥāmal*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he has spared/pitied", "*ʾēṯ*": "direct object marker", "*kol-nəʾôṯ*": "construct chain - all dwellings/pastures of", "*yaʿăqōḇ*": "proper noun - Jacob", "*hāras*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he has torn down/destroyed", "*bəʿeḇrāṯô*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - in his wrath", "*miḇṣərê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - fortresses/strongholds of", "*baṯ-yəhûḏâ*": "construct chain - daughter of Judah", "*higgîaʿ*": "hiphil perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he has brought down/made touch", "*lāʾāreṣ*": "preposition + definite article + noun, feminine singular - to the ground", "*ḥillēl*": "piel perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he has profaned/defiled", "*mamlāḵâ*": "noun, feminine singular - kingdom", "*wəśārêhā*": "conjunction + noun, masculine plural + 3rd feminine singular suffix - and her princes/officials" }, "variants": { "*billaʿ*": "swallow up/engulf/devour/destroy", "*ḥāmal*": "spare/have compassion/show mercy", "*nəʾôṯ*": "dwellings/habitations/pastures", "*hāras*": "tear down/break down/destroy/overthrow", "*ʿeḇrāṯô*": "wrath/rage/fury/overflow of anger", "*miḇṣərê*": "fortresses/strongholds/fortified places", "*higgîaʿ*": "bring down to/make touch/reach", "*ḥillēl*": "profane/defile/pollute/desecrate" } }
• Ezek 24:21 : 21 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.24.21", "source": "אֱמֹ֣ר ׀ לְבֵ֣ית יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל כֹּֽה־אָמַר֮ אֲדֹנָ֣י יְהוִה֒ הִנְנִ֨י מְחַלֵּ֤ל אֶת־מִקְדָּשִׁי֙ גְּא֣וֹן עֻזְּכֶ֔ם מַחְמַ֥ד עֵֽינֵיכֶ֖ם וּמַחְמַ֣ל נַפְשְׁכֶ֑ם וּבְנֵיכֶ֧ם וּבְנֽוֹתֵיכֶ֛ם אֲשֶׁ֥ר עֲזַבְתֶּ֖ם בַּחֶ֥רֶב יִפֹּֽלוּ׃", "text": "*'ĕmōr* to *bêṯ* *yiśrā'ēl*, \"Thus *'āmar* *'ăḏōnāy* *YHWH*: *hinənî* *məḥallēl* *'eṯ-miqdāšî*, *gə'ôn* *'uzəḵem*, *maḥmaḏ* *'ênêḵem*, and *maḥmal* *nap̄šəḵem*; and your *ḇənêḵem* and your *ḇənôṯêḵem* whom *'ăzaḇtem* by the *ḥereḇ* *yippōlû*.\"", "grammar": { "*'ĕmōr*": "qal imperative, masculine singular - say", "*bêṯ*": "masculine singular construct - house of", "*yiśrā'ēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*'āmar*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - said", "*'ăḏōnāy*": "divine title - Lord/my Lord", "*YHWH*": "divine name", "*hinənî*": "interjection with 1st common singular suffix - behold me", "*məḥallēl*": "piel participle, masculine singular - profaning", "*'eṯ-miqdāšî*": "direct object marker + masculine singular noun with 1st common singular suffix - my sanctuary", "*gə'ôn*": "masculine singular construct - pride of", "*'uzəḵem*": "masculine singular noun with 2nd masculine plural suffix - your strength", "*maḥmaḏ*": "masculine singular construct - desire of", "*'ênêḵem*": "feminine dual noun with 2nd masculine plural suffix - your eyes", "*maḥmal*": "masculine singular construct - compassion of", "*nap̄šəḵem*": "feminine singular noun with 2nd masculine plural suffix - your soul", "*ḇənêḵem*": "masculine plural noun with 2nd masculine plural suffix - your sons", "*ḇənôṯêḵem*": "feminine plural noun with 2nd masculine plural suffix - your daughters", "*'ăzaḇtem*": "qal perfect, 2nd masculine plural - you have left/abandoned", "*ḥereḇ*": "feminine singular noun with definite article - the sword", "*yippōlû*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - they will fall" }, "variants": { "*'ĕmōr*": "say/speak/tell", "*bêṯ*": "house/household/family of", "*'āmar*": "said/spoke/declared", "*hinənî*": "behold me/here I am", "*məḥallēl*": "profaning/defiling/polluting", "*'eṯ-miqdāšî*": "my sanctuary/holy place", "*gə'ôn*": "pride/majesty/excellence of", "*'uzəḵem*": "your strength/might/power", "*maḥmaḏ*": "desire/delight/pleasant thing of", "*'ênêḵem*": "your eyes/sight", "*maḥmal*": "compassion/pity/object of compassion of", "*nap̄šəḵem*": "your soul/life/self", "*'ăzaḇtem*": "you have left/abandoned/forsaken", "*ḥereḇ*": "sword/knife/weapon", "*yippōlû*": "they will fall/die/be slain" } }
• Ezek 28:16 : 16 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.28.16", "source": "בְּרֹ֣ב רְכֻּלָּתְךָ֗ מָל֧וּ תוֹכְךָ֛ חָמָ֖ס וַֽתֶּחֱטָ֑א וָאֶחַלֶּלְךָ֩ מֵהַ֨ר אֱלֹהִ֤ים וָֽאַבֶּדְךָ֙ כְּר֣וּב הַסֹּכֵ֔ךְ מִתּ֖וֹךְ אַבְנֵי־אֵֽשׁ׃", "text": "*bə-rōḇ* *rəḵullātəḵā* *mālû* *tôḵəḵā* *ḥāmās* *wa-tteḥĕṭāʾ* *wā-ʾăḥalelḵā* *mē-har* *ʾĕlōhîm* *wā-ʾăʾabbedḵā* *kərûḇ* *ha-ssōḵēḵ* *mi-ttôḵ* *ʾaḇnê*-*ʾēš*", "grammar": { "*bə-rōḇ*": "preposition + noun masculine singular construct - by abundance of", "*rəḵullātəḵā*": "noun feminine singular + 2nd masculine singular suffix - your merchandise/trading", "*mālû*": "qal perfect 3rd common plural - they filled", "*tôḵəḵā*": "noun masculine singular + 2nd masculine singular suffix - your midst", "*ḥāmās*": "noun masculine singular - violence", "*wa-tteḥĕṭāʾ*": "conjunction + qal imperfect 2nd masculine singular - and you sinned", "*wā-ʾăḥalelḵā*": "conjunction + piel imperfect 1st person singular + 2nd masculine singular suffix - and I profaned you", "*mē-har*": "preposition + noun masculine singular construct - from the mountain of", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "noun masculine plural - God", "*wā-ʾăʾabbedḵā*": "conjunction + piel imperfect 1st person singular + 2nd masculine singular suffix - and I destroyed you", "*kərûḇ*": "noun masculine singular - cherub", "*ha-ssōḵēḵ*": "definite article + qal participle masculine singular - the covering/guardian", "*mi-ttôḵ*": "preposition + noun masculine singular construct - from the midst of", "*ʾaḇnê*-*ʾēš*": "noun feminine plural construct + noun feminine singular - stones of fire" }, "variants": { "*rōḇ*": "abundance/greatness/multitude", "*rəḵullāh*": "merchandise/traffic/trading", "*ḥāmās*": "violence/wrong/cruelty", "*ʾăḥalelḵā*": "I profaned/defiled/treated as common", "*ʾăʾabbedḵā*": "I destroyed/caused to perish/banished" } }
• Isa 10:6 : 6 { "verseID": "Isaiah.10.6", "source": "בְּגוֹי חָנֵף אֲשַׁלְּחֶנּוּ וְעַל־עַם עֶבְרָתִי אֲצַוֶּנּוּ לִשְׁלֹל שָׁלָל וְלָבֹז בַּז וּלְשׂוּמוֹ מִרְמָס כְּחֹמֶר חוּצוֹת", "text": "*begôy* *ḥānēp̄* *ʾăšalleḥennû* *weʿal*-*ʿam* *ʿebrātî* *ʾăṣawwennû* *lišlōl* *šālāl* *welābōz* *baz* *ûleśûmô* *mirmās* *keḥōmer* *ḥûṣôt*", "grammar": { "*begôy*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular - against nation", "*ḥānēp̄*": "adjective, masculine singular - godless/profane/impious", "*ʾăšalleḥennû*": "piel imperfect, 1st person singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - I will send him", "*weʿal*": "waw conjunction + preposition - and against", "*ʿam*": "noun, masculine singular - people", "*ʿebrātî*": "noun, feminine singular + 1st person singular suffix - my wrath", "*ʾăṣawwennû*": "piel imperfect, 1st person singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - I will command him", "*lišlōl*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct - to plunder", "*šālāl*": "noun, masculine singular - plunder/spoil", "*welābōz*": "waw conjunction + preposition + qal infinitive construct - and to seize", "*baz*": "noun, masculine singular - spoil/booty", "*ûleśûmô*": "waw conjunction + preposition + qal infinitive construct + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - and to make it", "*mirmās*": "noun, masculine singular - trampling place/trodden thing", "*keḥōmer*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular - like clay/mire", "*ḥûṣôt*": "noun, feminine plural - streets/outside places" }, "variants": { "*ḥānēp̄*": "godless/profane/impious/hypocritical", "*ʿebrātî*": "my wrath/fury/rage/anger", "*šālāl*": "plunder/spoil/prey/booty", "*baz*": "spoil/booty/prey", "*mirmās*": "trampling place/thing trodden down", "*ḥōmer*": "clay/mire/mud", "*ḥûṣôt*": "streets/outside places/marketplaces" } }
• Isa 13:16 : 16 { "verseID": "Isaiah.13.16", "source": "וְעֹלְלֵיהֶ֥ם יְרֻטְּשׁ֖וּ לְעֵֽינֵיהֶ֑ם יִשַּׁ֙סּוּ֙ בָּֽתֵּיהֶ֔ם וּנְשֵׁיהֶ֖ם *תשגלנה **תִּשָּׁכַֽבְנָה׃", "text": "*Wə*-*ʿōləlêhem* *yəruṭṭəšû* before-*ʿênêhem* *yiššassû* *bāttêhem* *û*-*nəšêhem* *tiššāḵaḇnāh*", "grammar": { "*wəʿōləlêhem*": "conjunction + noun, masculine, plural + 3rd masculine plural suffix - and their infants", "*yəruṭṭəšû*": "verb, Pual imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - will be dashed to pieces", "*ləʿênêhem*": "preposition + noun, feminine, dual + 3rd masculine plural suffix - before their eyes", "*yiššassû*": "verb, Niphal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - will be plundered", "*bāttêhem*": "noun, masculine, plural + 3rd masculine plural suffix - their houses", "*ûnəšêhem*": "conjunction + noun, feminine, plural + 3rd masculine plural suffix - and their wives", "*tiššāḵaḇnāh*": "verb, Niphal imperfect, 3rd feminine plural - will be violated/ravished/lain with" }, "variants": { "*ʿōləlêhem*": "their infants/their little ones/their children", "*yəruṭṭəšû*": "will be dashed to pieces/smashed/killed violently", "*yiššassû*": "will be plundered/looted/robbed", "*tiššāḵaḇnāh*": "will be violated/ravished/lain with (euphemism for rape)", "*tishgalnah*": "alternate reading (Kethib) - will be violated/raped" } }