10 {
"verseID": "Lamentations.2.10",
"source": "יֵשְׁב֨וּ לָאָ֤רֶץ יִדְּמוּ֙ זִקְנֵ֣י בַת־צִיּ֔וֹן הֶֽעֱל֤וּ עָפָר֙ עַל־רֹאשָׁ֔ם חָגְר֖וּ שַׂקִּ֑ים הוֹרִ֤ידוּ לָאָ֙רֶץ֙ רֹאשָׁ֔ן בְּתוּלֹ֖ת יְרוּשָׁלָֽ͏ִם׃",
"text": "*yēšəḇû* to-*ʾāreṣ* *yiddəmû* *ziqnê* daughter-*ṣiyyôn* *heʿĕlû* *ʿāp̄ār* on-*rōʾšām* *ḥāḡərû* *śaqqîm* *hôrîḏû* to-*ʾāreṣ* *rōʾšān* *bəṯûlōṯ* *yərûšālāim*",
"grammar": {
"*yēšəḇû*": "qal perfect, 3rd common plural - they sit",
"*lāʾāreṣ*": "preposition + definite article + noun, feminine singular - on the ground",
"*yiddəmû*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - they are silent",
"*ziqnê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - elders of",
"*baṯ-ṣiyyôn*": "construct chain - daughter of Zion",
"*heʿĕlû*": "hiphil perfect, 3rd common plural - they have cast up",
"*ʿāp̄ār*": "noun, masculine singular - dust",
"*ʿal-rōʾšām*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular + 3rd masculine plural suffix - on their heads",
"*ḥāḡərû*": "qal perfect, 3rd common plural - they have girded themselves with",
"*śaqqîm*": "noun, masculine plural - sackcloth",
"*hôrîḏû*": "hiphil perfect, 3rd common plural - they have brought down",
"*lāʾāreṣ*": "preposition + definite article + noun, feminine singular - to the ground",
"*rōʾšān*": "noun, masculine singular + 3rd feminine plural suffix - their heads",
"*bəṯûlōṯ*": "noun, feminine plural construct - virgins of",
"*yərûšālāim*": "proper noun - Jerusalem"
},
"variants": {
"*yēšəḇû*": "sit/dwell/remain",
"*yiddəmû*": "be silent/be still/be dumb",
"*heʿĕlû*": "cast up/bring up/raise",
"*ʿāp̄ār*": "dust/soil/earth/ashes",
"*ḥāḡərû*": "gird oneself/put on/tie around",
"*śaqqîm*": "sackcloth (garment of mourning)",
"*hôrîḏû*": "bring down/cause to descend/lower",
"*bəṯûlōṯ*": "virgins/maidens/young unmarried women"
}
}
11 {
"verseID": "Lamentations.2.11",
"source": "כָּל֨וּ בַדְּמָע֤וֹת עֵינַי֙ חֳמַרְמְר֣וּ מֵעַ֔י נִשְׁפַּ֤ךְ לָאָ֙רֶץ֙ כְּבֵדִ֔י עַל־שֶׁ֖בֶר בַּת־עַמִּ֑י בֵּֽעָטֵ֤ף עוֹלֵל֙ וְיוֹנֵ֔ק בִּרְחֹב֖וֹת קִרְיָֽה׃",
"text": "*kālû* in-*dəmāʿôṯ* *ʿênay* *ḥomarmərû* *mēʿay* *nišpaḵ* to-*ʾāreṣ* *kəḇēḏî* on-*šeḇer* daughter-*ʿammî* in-*bēʿāṭēp̄* *ʿôlēl* and-*yônēq* in-*rəḥōḇôṯ* *qiryâ*",
"grammar": {
"*kālû*": "qal perfect, 3rd common plural - they have been consumed",
"*ḇaddəmāʿôṯ*": "preposition + definite article + noun, feminine plural - with tears",
"*ʿênay*": "noun, feminine dual + 1st common singular suffix - my eyes",
"*ḥomarmərû*": "pealal perfect, 3rd common plural - they are fermented/troubled",
"*mēʿay*": "noun, masculine plural + 1st common singular suffix - my inward parts",
"*nišpaḵ*": "niphal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - it is poured out",
"*lāʾāreṣ*": "preposition + definite article + noun, feminine singular - to the ground",
"*kəḇēḏî*": "noun, masculine singular + 1st common singular suffix - my liver/glory",
"*ʿal-šeḇer*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular construct - because of the destruction of",
"*baṯ-ʿammî*": "construct chain + 1st common singular suffix - daughter of my people",
"*bēʿāṭēp̄*": "preposition + niphal infinitive construct - as faints",
"*ʿôlēl*": "noun, masculine singular - child/infant",
"*wəyônēq*": "conjunction + qal participle, masculine singular - and nursing infant",
"*birḥōḇôṯ*": "preposition + noun, feminine plural construct - in streets of",
"*qiryâ*": "noun, feminine singular - city"
},
"variants": {
"*kālû*": "be consumed/come to an end/be spent",
"*ḥomarmərû*": "be troubled/be agitated/ferment/be in turmoil",
"*mēʿay*": "inward parts/bowels/entrails/emotions",
"*nišpaḵ*": "be poured out/be spilled",
"*kəḇēḏî*": "liver/inner self/glory/honor",
"*šeḇer*": "destruction/ruin/breach/breaking",
"*bēʿāṭēp̄*": "faint/grow weak/be feeble",
"*ʿôlēl*": "child/infant",
"*yônēq*": "nursing infant/suckling"
}
}
12 {
"verseID": "Lamentations.2.12",
"source": "לְאִמֹּתָם֙ יֹֽאמְר֔וּ אַיֵּ֖ה דָּגָ֣ן וָיָ֑יִן בְּהִֽתְעַטְּפָ֤ם כֶּֽחָלָל֙ בִּרְחֹב֣וֹת עִ֔יר בְּהִשְׁתַּפֵּ֣ךְ נַפְשָׁ֔ם אֶל־חֵ֖יק אִמֹּתָֽם׃",
"text": "To-*ʾimmōṯām* *yōʾmərû* *ʾayyēh* *dāḡān* and-*yāyin* in-*bəhiṯʿaṭṭəp̄ām* like-*ḥālāl* in-*rəḥōḇôṯ* *ʿîr* in-*bəhištappēḵ* *nap̄šām* to-*ḥêq* *ʾimmōṯām*",
"grammar": {
"*ləʾimmōṯām*": "preposition + noun, feminine plural + 3rd masculine plural suffix - to their mothers",
"*yōʾmərû*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - they say",
"*ʾayyēh*": "interrogative adverb - where",
"*dāḡān*": "noun, masculine singular - grain/corn",
"*wāyāyin*": "conjunction + noun, masculine singular - and wine",
"*bəhiṯʿaṭṭəp̄ām*": "preposition + hithpael infinitive construct + 3rd masculine plural suffix - when they faint",
"*keḥālāl*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular - like the wounded/slain",
"*birḥōḇôṯ*": "preposition + noun, feminine plural construct - in streets of",
"*ʿîr*": "noun, feminine singular - city",
"*bəhištappēḵ*": "preposition + hithpael infinitive construct - as pours itself out",
"*nap̄šām*": "noun, feminine singular + 3rd masculine plural suffix - their life/soul",
"*ʾel-ḥêq*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular construct - into the bosom of",
"*ʾimmōṯām*": "noun, feminine plural + 3rd masculine plural suffix - their mothers"
},
"variants": {
"*yōʾmərû*": "say/speak/tell",
"*ʾayyēh*": "where/how",
"*dāḡān*": "grain/corn",
"*yāyin*": "wine",
"*bəhiṯʿaṭṭəp̄ām*": "when they faint/when they grow weak",
"*ḥālāl*": "wounded/slain/pierced",
"*bəhištappēḵ*": "pour out oneself/be poured out",
"*nap̄šām*": "soul/life/self/person",
"*ḥêq*": "bosom/lap"
}
}