12{
"verseID": "Ezekiel.16.12",
"source": "וָאֶתֵּ֥ן נֶ֙זֶם֙ עַל־אַפֵּ֔ךְ וַעֲגִילִ֖ים עַל־אָזְנָ֑יִךְ וַעֲטֶ֥רֶת תִּפְאֶ֖רֶת בְּרֹאשֵֽׁךְ׃",
"text": "*wā-ʾettēn* *nezem* *ʿal*-*ʾappēḵ* *wa-ʿăgîlîm* *ʿal*-*ʾoznāyiḵ* *wa-ʿăṭeret* *tipʾeret* *bə-rōʾšēḵ*",
"grammar": {
"*wā-ʾettēn*": "conjunction + qal imperfect, 1st singular - and I gave/put",
"*nezem*": "masculine singular noun - ring/nose-ring",
"*ʿal*": "preposition - upon",
"*ʾappēḵ*": "masculine singular noun + 2nd feminine singular suffix - your nose",
"*wa-ʿăgîlîm*": "conjunction + masculine plural noun - and earrings",
"*ʿal*": "preposition - upon",
"*ʾoznāyiḵ*": "feminine dual noun + 2nd feminine singular suffix - your ears",
"*wa-ʿăṭeret*": "conjunction + feminine singular construct - and crown of",
"*tipʾeret*": "feminine singular noun - beauty/glory",
"*bə-rōʾšēḵ*": "preposition + masculine singular noun + 2nd feminine singular suffix - on your head"
},
"variants": {
"*nezem*": "ring/nose-ring/jewel",
"*ʿăgîlîm*": "earrings/rings",
"*ʿăṭeret*": "crown/diadem",
"*tipʾeret*": "beauty/glory/splendor"
}
}
13{
"verseID": "Ezekiel.16.13",
"source": "וַתַּעְדִּ֞י זָהָ֣ב וָכֶ֗סֶף וּמַלְבּוּשֵׁךְ֙ שֵׁ֤שׁ וָמֶ֙שִׁי֙ וְרִקְמָ֔ה סֹ֧לֶת וּדְבַ֛שׁ וָשֶׁ֖מֶן אָכָ֑לְתְּ וַתִּ֙יפִי֙ בִּמְאֹ֣ד מְאֹ֔ד וַֽתִּצְלְחִ֖י לִמְלוּכָֽה׃",
"text": "*wa-taʿdî* *zāhāḇ* *wā-ḵesep* *û-malbûšēḵ* *šēš* *wā-mešî* *wə-riqmâ* *sōlet* *û-dəḇaš* *wā-šemen* *ʾāḵālt* *wa-tîpî* *bi-məʾōd* *məʾōd* *wa-tiṣləḥî* *li-mlûḵâ*",
"grammar": {
"*wa-taʿdî*": "conjunction + qal imperfect, 2nd feminine singular - and you adorned yourself",
"*zāhāḇ*": "masculine singular noun - gold",
"*wā-ḵesep*": "conjunction + masculine singular noun - and silver",
"*û-malbûšēḵ*": "conjunction + masculine singular noun + 2nd feminine singular suffix - and your clothing",
"*šēš*": "masculine singular noun - fine linen",
"*wā-mešî*": "conjunction + masculine singular noun - and silk",
"*wə-riqmâ*": "conjunction + feminine singular noun - and embroidery",
"*sōlet*": "feminine singular noun - fine flour",
"*û-dəḇaš*": "conjunction + masculine singular noun - and honey",
"*wā-šemen*": "conjunction + masculine singular noun - and oil",
"*ʾāḵālt*": "qal perfect, 2nd feminine singular - you ate",
"*wa-tîpî*": "conjunction + qal imperfect, 2nd feminine singular - and you became beautiful",
"*bi-məʾōd*": "preposition + adverb - in very",
"*məʾōd*": "adverb - very/exceedingly",
"*wa-tiṣləḥî*": "conjunction + qal imperfect, 2nd feminine singular - and you prospered",
"*li-mlûḵâ*": "preposition + feminine singular noun - to/for kingdom/royalty"
},
"variants": {
"*taʿdî*": "you adorned yourself/decorated yourself",
"*malbûšēḵ*": "your clothing/garment/apparel",
"*sōlet*": "fine flour/choice wheat",
"*tîpî*": "you became beautiful/fair/lovely",
"*tiṣləḥî*": "you prospered/succeeded/advanced",
"*mlûḵâ*": "kingdom/royalty/sovereignty"
}
}
14{
"verseID": "Ezekiel.16.14",
"source": "וַיֵּ֨צֵא לָ֥ךְ שֵׁ֛ם בַּגּוֹיִ֖ם בְּיָפְיֵ֑ךְ כִּ֣י ׀ כָּלִ֣יל ה֗וּא בַּֽהֲדָרִי֙ אֲשֶׁר־שַׂ֣מְתִּי עָלַ֔יִךְ נְאֻ֖ם אֲדֹנָ֥י יְהוִֽה׃",
"text": "*wa-yēṣēʾ* *lāḵ* *šēm* *ba-ggôyim* *bə-yāpyēḵ* *kî* *kālîl* *hûʾ* *ba-hădārî* *ʾăšer*-*śamtî* *ʿālayiḵ* *nəʾum* *ʾădōnāy* *YHWH*",
"grammar": {
"*wa-yēṣēʾ*": "conjunction + qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and it went out",
"*lāḵ*": "preposition + 2nd feminine singular suffix - for you",
"*šēm*": "masculine singular noun - name/reputation",
"*ba-ggôyim*": "preposition + article + masculine plural noun - among the nations",
"*bə-yāpyēḵ*": "preposition + masculine singular noun + 2nd feminine singular suffix - for your beauty",
"*kî*": "conjunction - for/because",
"*kālîl*": "masculine singular adjective - perfect/complete",
"*hûʾ*": "3rd masculine singular pronoun - it",
"*ba-hădārî*": "preposition + masculine singular noun + 1st singular suffix - in my splendor",
"*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which",
"*śamtî*": "qal perfect, 1st singular - I placed",
"*ʿālayiḵ*": "preposition + 2nd feminine singular suffix - on you",
"*nəʾum*": "construct state - declaration of",
"*ʾădōnāy*": "noun with 1st person plural suffix - my Lord",
"*YHWH*": "divine name"
},
"variants": {
"*šēm*": "name/reputation/fame",
"*gôyim*": "nations/gentiles/peoples",
"*kālîl*": "perfect/complete/entire",
"*hădārî*": "my splendor/majesty/glory"
}
}
15{
"verseID": "Ezekiel.16.15",
"source": "וַתִּבְטְחִ֣י בְיָפְיֵ֔ךְ וַתִּזְנִ֖י עַל־שְׁמֵ֑ךְ וַתִּשְׁפְּכִ֧י אֶת־תַּזְנוּתַ֛יִךְ עַל־כָּל־עוֹבֵ֖ר לוֹ־יֶֽהִי׃",
"text": "*wa-tiḇṭəḥî* *ḇə-yāpyēḵ* *wa-tiznî* *ʿal*-*šəmēḵ* *wa-tiššəpəḵî* *ʾet*-*taznûtayiḵ* *ʿal*-*kāl*-*ʿôḇēr* *lô*-*yehî*",
"grammar": {
"*wa-tiḇṭəḥî*": "conjunction + qal imperfect, 2nd feminine singular - and you trusted",
"*ḇə-yāpyēḵ*": "preposition + masculine singular noun + 2nd feminine singular suffix - in your beauty",
"*wa-tiznî*": "conjunction + qal imperfect, 2nd feminine singular - and you played the harlot",
"*ʿal*": "preposition - upon/because of",
"*šəmēḵ*": "masculine singular noun + 2nd feminine singular suffix - your name/fame",
"*wa-tiššəpəḵî*": "conjunction + qal imperfect, 2nd feminine singular - and you poured out",
"*ʾet*": "direct object marker",
"*taznûtayiḵ*": "feminine plural noun + 2nd feminine singular suffix - your harlotries",
"*ʿal*": "preposition - upon",
"*kāl*": "masculine singular construct - every",
"*ʿôḇēr*": "qal participle, masculine singular - passer-by",
"*lô*": "preposition + 3rd masculine singular suffix - to him",
"*yehî*": "qal imperfect jussive, 3rd masculine singular - may it be/let it be"
},
"variants": {
"*tiḇṭəḥî*": "you trusted/relied upon/were confident in",
"*tiznî*": "you played the harlot/were unfaithful/prostituted yourself",
"*tiššəpəḵî*": "you poured out/lavished/bestowed",
"*taznûtayiḵ*": "your harlotries/prostitutions/infidelities",
"*ʿôḇēr*": "passer-by/one who passes",
"*lô*-*yehî*": "to him it might be/his for the taking (unclear idiomatic expression)"
}
}
16{
"verseID": "Ezekiel.16.16",
"source": "וַתִּקְחִ֣י מִבְּגָדַ֗יִךְ וַתַּֽעֲשִׂי־לָךְ֙ בָּמ֣וֹת טְלֻא֔וֹת וַתִּזְנִ֖י עֲלֵיהֶ֑ם לֹ֥א בָא֖וֹת וְלֹ֥א יִהְיֶֽה׃",
"text": "*wa-tiqḥî* *mi-bbəgādayiḵ* *wa-taʿăśî*-*lāḵ* *bāmôt* *ṭəluʾôt* *wa-tiznî* *ʿălêhem* *lōʾ* *ḇāʾôt* *wə-lōʾ* *yihyeh*",
"grammar": {
"*wa-tiqḥî*": "conjunction + qal imperfect, 2nd feminine singular - and you took",
"*mi-bbəgādayiḵ*": "preposition + masculine plural noun + 2nd feminine singular suffix - from your garments",
"*wa-taʿăśî*": "conjunction + qal imperfect, 2nd feminine singular - and you made",
"*lāḵ*": "preposition + 2nd feminine singular suffix - for yourself",
"*bāmôt*": "feminine plural noun - high places",
"*ṭəluʾôt*": "qal passive participle, feminine plural - many-colored/patched",
"*wa-tiznî*": "conjunction + qal imperfect, 2nd feminine singular - and you played the harlot",
"*ʿălêhem*": "preposition + 3rd masculine plural suffix - on them",
"*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not",
"*ḇāʾôt*": "qal participle, feminine plural - coming",
"*wə-lōʾ*": "conjunction + negative particle - and not",
"*yihyeh*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - it will be"
},
"variants": {
"*bāmôt*": "high places/shrines/platforms",
"*ṭəluʾôt*": "many-colored/patched/diverse",
"*lōʾ* *ḇāʾôt* *wə-lōʾ* *yihyeh*": "not coming and not being/such things should not come and should not be/unprecedented and should not happen (difficult idiom)"
}
}
17{
"verseID": "Ezekiel.16.17",
"source": "וַתִּקְחִ֞י כְּלֵ֣י תִפְאַרְתֵּ֗ךְ מִזְּהָבִ֤י וּמִכַּסְפִּי֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר נָתַ֣תִּי לָ֔ךְ וַתַּעֲשִׂי־לָ֖ךְ צַלְמֵ֣י זָכָ֑ר וַתִּזְנִי־בָֽם׃",
"text": "*wa-tiqḥî* *kəlê* *tipʾartēḵ* *mi-zzəhāḇî* *û-mi-kkaspî* *ʾăšer* *nātattî* *lāḵ* *wa-taʿăśî*-*lāḵ* *ṣalmê* *zāḵār* *wa-tiznî*-*ḇām*",
"grammar": {
"*wa-tiqḥî*": "conjunction + qal imperfect, 2nd feminine singular - and you took",
"*kəlê*": "masculine plural construct - vessels/instruments of",
"*tipʾartēḵ*": "feminine singular noun + 2nd feminine singular suffix - your beauty",
"*mi-zzəhāḇî*": "preposition + masculine singular noun + 1st singular suffix - from my gold",
"*û-mi-kkaspî*": "conjunction + preposition + masculine singular noun + 1st singular suffix - and from my silver",
"*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which",
"*nātattî*": "qal perfect, 1st singular - I gave",
"*lāḵ*": "preposition + 2nd feminine singular suffix - to you",
"*wa-taʿăśî*": "conjunction + qal imperfect, 2nd feminine singular - and you made",
"*lāḵ*": "preposition + 2nd feminine singular suffix - for yourself",
"*ṣalmê*": "masculine plural construct - images of",
"*zāḵār*": "masculine singular noun - male",
"*wa-tiznî*": "conjunction + qal imperfect, 2nd feminine singular - and you played the harlot",
"*ḇām*": "preposition + 3rd masculine plural suffix - with them"
},
"variants": {
"*kəlê*": "vessels/instruments/jewelry",
"*tipʾartēḵ*": "your beauty/glory/splendor",
"*ṣalmê*": "images/figures/idols",
"*zāḵār*": "male/man/masculine",
"*tiznî*-*ḇām*": "you played the harlot with them/committed fornication with them"
}
}
18{
"verseID": "Ezekiel.16.18",
"source": "וַתִּקְחִ֛י אֶת־בִּגְדֵ֥י רִקְמָתֵ֖ךְ וַתְּכַסִּ֑ים וְשַׁמְנִי֙ וּקְטָרְתִּ֔י נָתַ֖תְּ לִפְנֵיהֶֽם׃",
"text": "And *wattiqqəḥî* *ʾet*-*bigdê* *riqmātêk* and *wattəkassîm* and *wəšamnî* and *ûqəṭārtî* *nātatt* before them.",
"grammar": {
"*wattiqqəḥî*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect, 2nd person feminine singular - and you took",
"*ʾet*": "direct object marker",
"*bigdê*": "construct state, plural of *beged* - garments/clothes of",
"*riqmātêk*": "your embroidery, feminine singular noun with 2nd person feminine singular suffix",
"*wattəkassîm*": "waw consecutive + piel imperfect, 2nd person feminine singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - and you covered them",
"*wəšamnî*": "and my oil, noun with 1st person singular suffix",
"*ûqəṭārtî*": "and my incense, noun with 1st person singular suffix",
"*nātatt*": "qal perfect, 2nd person feminine singular - you gave/placed"
},
"variants": {
"*bigdê riqmātêk*": "your embroidered garments/your colorful garments/your richly woven garments",
"*wattəkassîm*": "you covered them/you clothed them/you placed them over",
"*nātatt*": "you gave/you placed/you set/you put"
}
}