Isa 1:16-19 : 16 {
"verseID": "Isaiah.1.16",
"source": "רַחֲצוּ֙ הִזַּכּ֔וּ הָסִ֛ירוּ רֹ֥עַ מַעַלְלֵיכֶ֖ם מִנֶּ֣גֶד עֵינָ֑י חִדְל֖וּ הָרֵֽעַ׃",
"text": "*raḥăṣû* *hizzakkû* *hāsîrû* *rōa'* *ma'alᵉlêkem* *minneged* *'ênāy* *ḥidlû* *hārēa'*",
"grammar": {
"*raḥăṣû*": "verb, qal imperative, masculine plural - wash yourselves",
"*hizzakkû*": "verb, hitpael imperative, masculine plural - purify yourselves",
"*hāsîrû*": "verb, hifil imperative, masculine plural - remove",
"*rōa'*": "noun, masculine singular construct - evil of",
"*ma'alᵉlêkem*": "noun, masculine plural + 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your deeds",
"*minneged*": "preposition min + preposition neged - from before",
"*'ênāy*": "noun, feminine dual + 1st person singular suffix - my eyes",
"*ḥidlû*": "verb, qal imperative, masculine plural - cease",
"*hārēa'*": "verb, hifil infinitive construct - doing evil"
},
"variants": {
"*raḥăṣû*": "wash yourselves/cleanse yourselves",
"*hizzakkû*": "purify yourselves/make yourselves clean",
"*hāsîrû*": "remove/put away/take away",
"*rōa'*": "evil/wickedness/badness",
"*ma'alᵉlêkem*": "your deeds/actions/practices",
"*minneged*": "from before/from in front of/from the sight of",
"*ḥidlû*": "cease/stop/desist",
"*hārēa'*": "doing evil/doing wrong/causing harm"
}
}
17 {
"verseID": "Isaiah.1.17",
"source": "לִמְד֥וּ הֵיטֵ֛ב דִּרְשׁ֥וּ מִשְׁפָּ֖ט אַשְּׁר֣וּ חָמ֑וֹץ שִׁפְט֣וּ יָת֔וֹם רִ֖יבוּ אַלְמָנָֽה׃ ס",
"text": "*limdû* *hêṭēb* *diršû* *mišpāṭ* *ʾaššᵉrû* *ḥāmôṣ* *šipṭû* *yātôm* *rîbû* *ʾalmānâ*",
"grammar": {
"*limdû*": "verb, qal imperative, masculine plural - learn",
"*hêṭēb*": "verb, hifil infinitive absolute - to do good",
"*diršû*": "verb, qal imperative, masculine plural - seek",
"*mišpāṭ*": "noun, masculine singular - justice",
"*ʾaššᵉrû*": "verb, piel imperative, masculine plural - set right",
"*ḥāmôṣ*": "adjective, qal passive participle, masculine singular - oppressed",
"*šipṭû*": "verb, qal imperative, masculine plural - defend/judge",
"*yātôm*": "noun, masculine singular - orphan/fatherless",
"*rîbû*": "verb, qal imperative, masculine plural - plead for",
"*ʾalmānâ*": "noun, feminine singular - widow"
},
"variants": {
"*limdû*": "learn/study/become accustomed to",
"*hêṭēb*": "to do good/to do well/to act rightly",
"*diršû*": "seek/search for/pursue",
"*mišpāṭ*": "justice/judgment/what is right",
"*ʾaššᵉrû*": "set right/relieve/help/make happy",
"*ḥāmôṣ*": "oppressed/wronged/mistreated",
"*šipṭû*": "defend/judge/vindicate",
"*rîbû*": "plead for/take up the cause of/contend for"
}
}
18 {
"verseID": "Isaiah.1.18",
"source": "לְכוּ־נָ֛א וְנִוָּֽכְחָ֖ה יֹאמַ֣ר יְהוָ֑ה אִם־יִֽהְי֨וּ חֲטָאֵיכֶ֤ם כַּשָּׁנִים֙ כַּשֶּׁ֣לֶג יַלְבִּ֔ינוּ אִם־יַאְדִּ֥ימוּ כַתּוֹלָ֖ע כַּצֶּ֥מֶר יִהְיֽוּ׃",
"text": "*lᵉkû*-*nāʾ* *wᵉniwwākᵉḥâ* *yōʾmar* *YHWH* *ʾim*-*yihyû* *ḥăṭāʾêkem* *kaššānîm* *kaššeleg* *yalbînû* *ʾim*-*yaʾdîmû* *kattôlā'* *kaṣṣemer* *yihyû*",
"grammar": {
"*lᵉkû*": "verb, qal imperative, masculine plural - come",
"*nāʾ*": "particle - now/please",
"*wᵉniwwākᵉḥâ*": "conjunction wə- + verb, niphal imperfect cohortative, 1st person plural - and let us reason together",
"*yōʾmar*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - says",
"*YHWH*": "proper noun - LORD/Yahweh",
"*ʾim*": "conjunction - if/though",
"*yihyû*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural - they are",
"*ḥăṭāʾêkem*": "noun, masculine plural + 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your sins",
"*kaššānîm*": "preposition kᵉ- + definite article + noun, feminine plural - like scarlet",
"*kaššeleg*": "preposition kᵉ- + definite article + noun, masculine singular - like snow",
"*yalbînû*": "verb, hifil imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural - they shall be white",
"*ʾim*": "conjunction - if/though",
"*yaʾdîmû*": "verb, hifil imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural - they are red",
"*kattôlā'*": "preposition kᵉ- + definite article + noun, masculine singular - like crimson",
"*kaṣṣemer*": "preposition kᵉ- + definite article + noun, masculine singular - like wool",
"*yihyû*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural - they shall be"
},
"variants": {
"*lᵉkû*-*nāʾ*": "come now/come please",
"*niwwākᵉḥâ*": "reason together/argue/dispute/settle",
"*yōʾmar*": "says/speaks/declares",
"*ḥăṭāʾêkem*": "your sins/offenses/transgressions",
"*šānîm*": "scarlet/crimson/bright red",
"*yalbînû*": "they shall be white/become white/be made white",
"*yaʾdîmû*": "they are red/they glow red",
"*tôlā'*": "crimson/worm/crimson dye"
}
}
19 {
"verseID": "Isaiah.1.19",
"source": "אִם־תֹּאב֖וּ וּשְׁמַעְתֶּ֑ם ט֥וּב הָאָ֖רֶץ תֹּאכֵֽלוּ׃",
"text": "*ʾim*-*tōʾbû* *ûšma'tem* *ṭûb* *hāʾāreṣ* *tōʾkēlû*",
"grammar": {
"*ʾim*": "conjunction - if",
"*tōʾbû*": "verb, qal imperfect, 2nd person masculine plural - you are willing",
"*ûšma'tem*": "conjunction wə- + verb, qal perfect, 2nd person masculine plural - and obey",
"*ṭûb*": "noun, masculine singular construct - good of",
"*hāʾāreṣ*": "definite article + noun, feminine singular - the land",
"*tōʾkēlû*": "verb, qal imperfect, 2nd person masculine plural - you shall eat"
},
"variants": {
"*tōʾbû*": "are willing/consent/agree",
"*ûšma'tem*": "obey/listen/hear",
"*ṭûb*": "good/best/prosperity",
"*tōʾkēlû*": "you shall eat/consume/enjoy"
}
}