38{
"verseID": "Jeremiah.48.38",
"source": "עַ֣ל כָּל־גַּגּ֥וֹת מוֹאָ֛ב וּבִרְחֹבֹתֶ֖יהָ כֻּלֹּ֣ה מִסְפֵּ֑ד כִּֽי־שָׁבַ֣רְתִּי אֶת־מוֹאָ֗ב כִּכְלִ֛י אֵֽין־חֵ֥פֶץ בּ֖וֹ נְאֻם־יְהוָֽה׃",
"text": "Upon all *gaggôt* *mōʾāb* and in *birḥōbōteyhā* all of it *mispēd* because *šābartî* *ʾet-mōʾāb* like *kelî* *ʾên-ḥēpeṣ* in it *neʾum-YHWH*",
"grammar": {
"*gaggôt*": "noun, masculine plural, construct - roofs of",
"*mōʾāb*": "proper noun - Moab",
"*birḥōbōteyhā*": "noun with possessive suffix and prefix, feminine plural - in its streets",
"*mispēd*": "noun, masculine singular - lamentation/wailing",
"*šābartî*": "perfect, 1st singular - I have broken",
"*ʾet-mōʾāb*": "direct object marker with proper noun - Moab",
"*kelî*": "noun, masculine singular - vessel/implement",
"*ʾên-ḥēpeṣ*": "construct chain - no delight/pleasure",
"*neʾum-YHWH*": "construct chain - declaration of YHWH"
},
"variants": {
"*gaggôt*": "roofs/housetops",
"*birḥōbōteyhā*": "in its streets/squares/open places",
"*mispēd*": "lamentation/wailing/mourning",
"*šābartî*": "I have broken/shattered/smashed",
"*kelî*": "vessel/implement/utensil",
"*ʾên-ḥēpeṣ*": "no delight/no pleasure/not desired",
"*neʾum*": "declaration/utterance/oracle"
}
}
39{
"verseID": "Jeremiah.48.39",
"source": "אֵ֥יךְ חַ֙תָּה֙ הֵילִ֔ילוּ אֵ֛יךְ הִפְנָה־עֹ֥רֶף מוֹאָ֖ב בּ֑וֹשׁ וְהָיָ֥ה מוֹאָ֛ב לִשְׂחֹ֥ק וְלִמְחִתָּ֖ה לְכָל־סְבִיבָֽיו׃ ס",
"text": "How *ḥattāh* *hēylîlû*! How *hiphənāh-ʿōreph* *Môʾāb* *bôsh*! *wə-hāyāh* *Môʾāb* for *śəḥōq* and for *məḥittāh* to all *səbîbāyw*.",
"grammar": {
"*ḥattāh*": "3rd person feminine singular perfect - is broken/shattered/dismayed",
"*hēylîlû*": "imperative plural - wail/howl",
"*hiphənāh-ʿōreph*": "3rd person singular Hiphil perfect with noun - has turned (the) neck/back",
"*Môʾāb*": "proper noun - Moab",
"*bôsh*": "3rd person masculine singular perfect - is ashamed/put to shame",
"*wə-hāyāh*": "conjunction with 3rd person masculine singular perfect - and has become",
"*śəḥōq*": "masculine singular noun - derision/laughter/mockery",
"*məḥittāh*": "feminine singular noun - terror/dismay/ruin",
"*səbîbāyw*": "masculine plural noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - its surroundings/neighbors"
},
"variants": {
"*ḥattāh*": "is broken/is shattered/is dismayed/is terrified",
"*hēylîlû*": "wail/howl/lament",
"*hiphənāh-ʿōreph*": "turned the back/fled/retreated",
"*bôsh*": "is ashamed/is disgraced/is humiliated",
"*məḥittāh*": "terror/dismay/ruin/object of horror"
}
}
40{
"verseID": "Jeremiah.48.40",
"source": "כִּי־כֹה֙ אָמַ֣ר יְהוָ֔ה הִנֵּ֥ה כַנֶּ֖שֶׁר יִדְאֶ֑ה וּפָרַ֥שׂ כְּנָפָ֖יו אֶל־מוֹאָֽב׃",
"text": "For thus *ʾāmar* *YHWH*, *hinnēh* like *hannesher* *yidʾeh* and *pāraś* *kənāphāyw* against *Môʾāb*.",
"grammar": {
"*ʾāmar*": "3rd person masculine singular perfect - has said/spoken",
"*YHWH*": "proper noun - LORD/Yahweh",
"*hinnēh*": "demonstrative particle - behold/look",
"*hannesher*": "definite article with masculine singular noun - the eagle/vulture",
"*yidʾeh*": "3rd person masculine singular Qal imperfect - he will swoop/fly",
"*pāraś*": "3rd person masculine singular Qal perfect with waw consecutive - and he will spread out",
"*kənāphāyw*": "feminine dual noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his wings",
"*Môʾāb*": "proper noun - Moab"
},
"variants": {
"*hannesher*": "eagle/vulture/large bird of prey",
"*yidʾeh*": "will swoop down/will soar/will fly",
"*pāraś*": "spread out/stretch out/extend"
}
}
41{
"verseID": "Jeremiah.48.41",
"source": "נִלְכְּדָה֙ הַקְּרִיּ֔וֹת וְהַמְּצָד֖וֹת נִתְפָּ֑שָׂה וְֽ֠הָיָה לֵ֞ב גִּבּוֹרֵ֤י מוֹאָב֙ בַּיּ֣וֹם הַה֔וּא כְּלֵ֖ב אִשָּׁ֥ה מְצֵרָֽה׃",
"text": "*nilkədāh* *haqqəriyyôt* and *hamməṣādôt* *nitpāśāh* and *wəhāyāh* *lēb* *gibbôrêy* *Môʾāb* in *hayyôm* *hahûʾ* like *lēb* *ʾiššāh* *məṣērāh*.",
"grammar": {
"*nilkədāh*": "3rd person feminine singular Niphal perfect - is captured/seized",
"*haqqəriyyôt*": "definite article with feminine plural noun - the cities/towns",
"*hamməṣādôt*": "definite article with feminine plural noun - the strongholds/fortresses",
"*nitpāśāh*": "3rd person feminine singular Niphal perfect - is seized/captured",
"*wəhāyāh*": "conjunction with 3rd person masculine singular perfect - and has become",
"*lēb*": "masculine singular construct - heart of",
"*gibbôrêy*": "masculine plural construct - mighty men/warriors of",
"*Môʾāb*": "proper noun - Moab",
"*hayyôm*": "definite article with masculine singular noun - the day",
"*hahûʾ*": "definite article with demonstrative pronoun - that",
"*ʾiššāh*": "feminine singular noun - woman",
"*məṣērāh*": "feminine singular Piel participle - in labor/distress"
},
"variants": {
"*haqqəriyyôt*": "the cities/the towns/possibly specific place name Kerioth",
"*hamməṣādôt*": "the strongholds/the fortresses/the fortifications",
"*nitpāśāh*": "is seized/is captured/is taken",
"*gibbôrêy*": "mighty men/warriors/heroes",
"*məṣērāh*": "in labor/in childbirth pain/in distress"
}
}
42{
"verseID": "Jeremiah.48.42",
"source": "וְנִשְׁמַ֥ד מוֹאָ֖ב מֵעָ֑ם כִּ֥י עַל־יְהוָ֖ה הִגְדִּֽיל׃",
"text": "And *nishəmad* *Môʾāb* from *ʿām* because against *YHWH* *higədîl*.",
"grammar": {
"*nishəmad*": "3rd person masculine singular Niphal perfect - is destroyed/exterminated",
"*Môʾāb*": "proper noun - Moab",
"*ʿām*": "masculine singular noun - people/nation",
"*YHWH*": "proper noun - LORD/Yahweh",
"*higədîl*": "3rd person masculine singular Hiphil perfect - he magnified/boasted"
},
"variants": {
"*nishəmad*": "is destroyed/is annihilated/ceases to exist as",
"*ʿām*": "people/nation/populated place",
"*higədîl*": "magnified himself/boasted/exalted himself"
}
}
43{
"verseID": "Jeremiah.48.43",
"source": "פַּ֥חַד וָפַ֖חַת וָפָ֑ח עָלֶ֛יךָ יוֹשֵׁ֥ב מוֹאָ֖ב נְאֻם־יְהוָֽה׃",
"text": "*paḥad* and *pāḥat* and *pāḥ* upon you *yôshēb* *Môʾāb* *nəʾum-YHWH*.",
"grammar": {
"*paḥad*": "masculine singular noun - terror/dread",
"*pāḥat*": "feminine singular noun - pit/trap",
"*pāḥ*": "masculine singular noun - snare/trap",
"*yôshēb*": "masculine singular Qal participle construct - inhabitant/dweller of",
"*Môʾāb*": "proper noun - Moab",
"*nəʾum-YHWH*": "construct phrase - declaration of YHWH"
},
"variants": {
"*paḥad*": "terror/dread/panic",
"*pāḥat*": "pit/hole/trap",
"*pāḥ*": "snare/trap/bird net",
"*yôshēb*": "inhabitant/dweller/resident",
"*nəʾum-YHWH*": "declaration of YHWH/utterance of the LORD/oracle of YHWH"
}
}
44{
"verseID": "Jeremiah.48.44",
"source": "*הניס **הַנָּ֞ס מִפְּנֵ֤י הַפַּ֙חַד֙ יִפֹּ֣ל אֶל־הַפַּ֔חַת וְהָֽעֹלֶה֙ מִן־הַפַּ֔חַת יִלָּכֵ֖ד בַּפָּ֑ח כִּֽי־אָבִ֨יא אֵלֶ֧יהָ אֶל־מוֹאָ֛ב שְׁנַ֥ת פְּקֻדָּתָ֖ם נְאֻם־יְהוָֽה׃",
"text": "*hannās* from *pənêy* *happaḥad* *yippōl* into *happaḥat* and *hāʿōleh* from *happaḥat* *yillākēd* in *happāḥ* because *ʾābîʾ* to her, to *Môʾāb*, *shənat* *pəquddātām* *nəʾum-YHWH*.",
"grammar": {
"*hannās*": "definite article with masculine singular Qal participle - the one fleeing",
"*pənêy*": "masculine plural construct - face of",
"*happaḥad*": "definite article with masculine singular noun - the terror/dread",
"*yippōl*": "3rd person masculine singular Qal imperfect - he will fall",
"*happaḥat*": "definite article with feminine singular noun - the pit",
"*hāʿōleh*": "definite article with masculine singular Qal participle - the one coming up",
"*yillākēd*": "3rd person masculine singular Niphal imperfect - he will be caught",
"*happāḥ*": "definite article with masculine singular noun - the snare/trap",
"*ʾābîʾ*": "1st person singular Hiphil imperfect - I will bring",
"*Môʾāb*": "proper noun - Moab",
"*shənat*": "feminine singular construct - year of",
"*pəquddātām*": "feminine singular noun with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their visitation/punishment",
"*nəʾum-YHWH*": "construct phrase - declaration of YHWH"
},
"variants": {
"*hannās*": "the one fleeing/the fugitive/the escapee",
"*pənêy*": "face of/presence of/from before",
"*happaḥad*": "the terror/the dread/the panic",
"*happaḥat*": "the pit/the trap/the hole",
"*hāʿōleh*": "the one coming up/the one climbing out/the one escaping",
"*yillākēd*": "will be caught/will be trapped/will be captured",
"*happāḥ*": "the snare/the trap/the net",
"*pəquddātām*": "their visitation/their punishment/their judgment"
}
}
45{
"verseID": "Jeremiah.48.45",
"source": "בְּצֵ֥ל חֶשְׁבּ֛וֹן עָמְד֖וּ מִכֹּ֣חַ נָסִ֑ים כִּֽי־אֵ֞שׁ יָצָ֣א מֵחֶשְׁבּ֗וֹן וְלֶֽהָבָה֙ מִבֵּ֣ין סִיח֔וֹן וַתֹּ֙אכַל֙ פְּאַ֣ת מוֹאָ֔ב וְקָדְקֹ֖ד בְּנֵ֥י שָׁאֽוֹן׃",
"text": "In *ṣēl* *Ḥeshbôn* *ʿāmədû* without *kōaḥ* *nāsîm* because *ʾēsh* *yāṣāʾ* from *Ḥeshbôn* and *lehābāh* from between *Sîḥôn* and *tōʾkal* *pəʾat* *Môʾāb* and *qodqōd* *bənêy* *shāʾôn*.",
"grammar": {
"*ṣēl*": "masculine singular construct - shadow of",
"*Ḥeshbôn*": "proper noun - Heshbon",
"*ʿāmədû*": "3rd person plural Qal perfect - they stood",
"*kōaḥ*": "masculine singular noun - strength/power",
"*nāsîm*": "masculine plural Qal participle - fleeing ones",
"*ʾēsh*": "feminine singular noun - fire",
"*yāṣāʾ*": "3rd person masculine singular Qal perfect - went out/came forth",
"*lehābāh*": "feminine singular noun - flame",
"*Sîḥôn*": "proper noun - Sihon",
"*tōʾkal*": "3rd person feminine singular Qal imperfect with waw consecutive - and it devours",
"*pəʾat*": "feminine singular construct - corner/edge/side of",
"*Môʾāb*": "proper noun - Moab",
"*qodqōd*": "masculine singular construct - crown of head of",
"*bənêy*": "masculine plural construct - sons of",
"*shāʾôn*": "masculine singular noun - tumult/noise"
},
"variants": {
"*ṣēl*": "shadow/shade/shelter",
"*ʿāmədû*": "they stood/they halted/they stopped",
"*kōaḥ*": "strength/power/ability",
"*nāsîm*": "fleeing ones/fugitives/refugees",
"*lehābāh*": "flame/blaze",
"*tōʾkal*": "devours/consumes/eats",
"*pəʾat*": "corner/edge/side/border",
"*qodqōd*": "crown of head/scalp",
"*bənêy*": "sons of/children of",
"*shāʾôn*": "tumult/noise/uproar/possibly 'pride' or place name"
}
}
46{
"verseID": "Jeremiah.48.46",
"source": "אוֹי־לְךָ֣ מוֹאָ֔ב אָבַ֖ד עַם־כְּמ֑וֹשׁ כִּֽי־לֻקְּח֤וּ בָנֶ֙יךָ֙ בַּשֶּׁ֔בִי וּבְנֹתֶ֖יךָ בַּשִּׁבְיָֽה׃",
"text": "Woe to you *Môʾāb*! *ʾābad* *ʿam-Kəmôsh* because *luqqəḥû* *bāneykā* in *haššebî* and *bənôteykā* in *haššibyāh*.",
"grammar": {
"*Môʾāb*": "proper noun - Moab",
"*ʾābad*": "3rd person masculine singular Qal perfect - is perished/destroyed",
"*ʿam-Kəmôsh*": "construct phrase - people of Chemosh",
"*luqqəḥû*": "3rd person plural Pual perfect - they are taken",
"*bāneykā*": "masculine plural noun with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your sons",
"*haššebî*": "definite article with masculine singular noun - the captivity",
"*bənôteykā*": "feminine plural noun with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your daughters",
"*haššibyāh*": "definite article with feminine singular noun - the captivity"
},
"variants": {
"*ʾābad*": "is perished/is destroyed/is ruined",
"*ʿam-Kəmôsh*": "people of Chemosh/nation of Chemosh",
"*luqqəḥû*": "are taken/are captured/are carried away",
"*haššebî*": "the captivity/the exile",
"*haššibyāh*": "the captivity/the exile/feminine form emphasizing female captives"
}
}
47{
"verseID": "Jeremiah.48.47",
"source": "וְשַׁבְתִּ֧י שְׁבוּת־מוֹאָ֛ב בְּאַחֲרִ֥ית הַיָּמִ֖ים נְאֻם־יְהוָ֑ה עַד־הֵ֖נָּה מִשְׁפַּ֥ט מוֹאָֽב׃ ס",
"text": "And *wəshabtî* *shəbût-Môʾāb* in *ʾaḥărît* *hayyāmîm* *nəʾum-YHWH*. Until here *mishpaṭ* *Môʾāb*.",
"grammar": {
"*wəshabtî*": "conjunction with 1st person singular Qal perfect - and I will restore",
"*shəbût-Môʾāb*": "feminine singular construct with proper noun - captivity of Moab",
"*ʾaḥărît*": "feminine singular construct - end of/latter part of",
"*hayyāmîm*": "definite article with masculine plural noun - the days",
"*nəʾum-YHWH*": "construct phrase - declaration of YHWH",
"*mishpaṭ*": "masculine singular construct - judgment of",
"*Môʾāb*": "proper noun - Moab"
},
"variants": {
"*wəshabtî*": "I will restore/I will return/I will bring back",
"*shəbût-Môʾāb*": "captivity of Moab/fortunes of Moab",
"*ʾaḥărît*": "end/latter part/future",
"*hayyāmîm*": "the days/latter days/end times",
"*mishpaṭ*": "judgment/justice/verdict"
}
}