Jeremiah 9:7

biblecontext

{ "verseID": "Jeremiah.9.7", "source": "חֵ֥ץ *שוחט **שָׁח֛וּט לְשׁוֹנָ֖ם מִרְמָ֣ה דִבֵּ֑ר בְּפִ֗יו שָׁל֤וֹם אֶת־רֵעֵ֙הוּ֙ יְדַבֵּ֔ר וּבְקִרְבּ֖וֹ יָשִׂ֥ים אָרְבּֽוֹ׃", "text": "*ḥēṣ* *šāḥûṭ* *lĕšônām* *mirmāh* *dibbēr* with-*pîw* *šālôm* *'et*-*rē'ēhû* *yĕdabbēr* and-in-*qirbô* *yāśîm* *'orbô*", "grammar": { "*ḥēṣ*": "masculine noun - arrow", "*šāḥûṭ*": "passive participle, masculine singular - sharpened", "*lĕšônām*": "feminine noun with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their tongue", "*mirmāh*": "feminine noun - deceit/treachery", "*dibbēr*": "perfect verb, 3rd person masculine singular, piel - he has spoken", "*pîw*": "masculine noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix and prefixed preposition - with his mouth", "*šālôm*": "masculine noun - peace", "*'et*": "direct object marker", "*rē'ēhû*": "masculine noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his neighbor", "*yĕdabbēr*": "imperfect verb, 3rd person masculine singular, piel - he speaks", "*qirbô*": "masculine noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix and prefixed preposition - and in his midst/inward part", "*yāśîm*": "imperfect verb, 3rd person masculine singular - he sets/places", "*'orbô*": "masculine noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his ambush" }, "variants": { "*ḥēṣ*": "arrow/shaft/missile", "*šāḥûṭ*": "sharpened/whetted (variant: *šôḥēṭ* - slaughtering/killing)", "*lĕšônām*": "their tongue/language/speech", "*mirmāh*": "deceit/treachery/fraud", "*dibbēr*": "has spoken/declared/uttered", "*pîw*": "his mouth/speech/words", "*šālôm*": "peace/well-being/friendship", "*rē'ēhû*": "his neighbor/friend/companion", "*yĕdabbēr*": "he speaks/talks/tells", "*qirbô*": "his inward part/midst/heart", "*yāśîm*": "he sets/places/puts", "*'orbô*": "his ambush/trap/plot" } }

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

חֵ֥ץ *שוחט **שָׁח֛וּט לְשׁוֹנָ֖ם מִרְמָ֣ה דִבֵּ֑ר בְּפִ֗יו שָׁל֤וֹם אֶת־רֵעֵ֙הוּ֙ יְדַבֵּ֔ר וּבְקִרְבּ֖וֹ יָשִׂ֥ים אָרְבּֽוֹ׃

Transliteration

ḥēṣ šāḥûṭ lĕšônām mirmāh dibbēr with-pîw šālôm 'et-rē'ēhû yĕdabbēr and-in-qirbô yāśîm 'orbô

Grammar Details

• *ḥēṣ*: masculine noun - arrow
• *šāḥûṭ*: passive participle, masculine singular - sharpened
• *lĕšônām*: feminine noun with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their tongue
• *mirmāh*: feminine noun - deceit/treachery
• *dibbēr*: perfect verb, 3rd person masculine singular, piel - he has spoken
• *pîw*: masculine noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix and prefixed preposition - with his mouth
• *šālôm*: masculine noun - peace
• *'et*: direct object marker
• *rē'ēhû*: masculine noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his neighbor
• *yĕdabbēr*: imperfect verb, 3rd person masculine singular, piel - he speaks
• *qirbô*: masculine noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix and prefixed preposition - and in his midst/inward part
• *yāśîm*: imperfect verb, 3rd person masculine singular - he sets/places
• *'orbô*: masculine noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his ambush

Word Meanings

• *ḥēṣ*: arrow/shaft/missile
• *šāḥûṭ*: sharpened/whetted (variant: *šôḥēṭ* - slaughtering/killing)
• *lĕšônām*: their tongue/language/speech
• *mirmāh*: deceit/treachery/fraud
• *dibbēr*: has spoken/declared/uttered
• *pîw*: his mouth/speech/words
• *šālôm*: peace/well-being/friendship
• *rē'ēhû*: his neighbor/friend/companion
• *yĕdabbēr*: he speaks/talks/tells
• *qirbô*: his inward part/midst/heart
• *yāśîm*: he sets/places/puts
• *'orbô*: his ambush/trap/plot

Other Translations

• Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts

  Their tongues are a sharpened arrow; deceit pours from their mouths. They speak peace to their neighbor, but in their hearts, they set up an ambush.

• King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)

  Therefore thus saith the LORD of hosts, Behold, I will melt them, and try them; for how shall I do for the daughter of my people?

• KJV1611 – Modern English

  Therefore thus says the LORD of hosts, Behold, I will melt them, and test them; for how shall I do for the daughter of my people?

• King James Version 1611 (Original)

  Therefore thus saith the LORD of hosts, Behold, I will melt them, and try them; for how shall I do for the daughter of my people?

• American Standard Version with Strong's Numbers

  Therefore thus saith{H559} Jehovah{H3068} of hosts,{H6635} Behold, I will melt{H6884} them, and try{H974} them; for how [else] should I do,{H6213} because{H6440} of the daughter{H1323} of my people?{H5971}

• King James Version with Strong's Numbers

  Therefore thus saith{H559}{(H8804)} the LORD{H3068} of hosts{H6635}, Behold, I will melt{H6884}{(H8802)} them, and try{H974}{(H8804)} them; for how shall I do{H6213}{(H8799)} for{H6440} the daughter{H1323} of my people{H5971}?

• Coverdale Bible (1535)

  Therfore thus saieth the LORDE of hoostes, beholde, I wil melte them and trie the, for what shulde I els do to my people?

• Geneva Bible (1560)

  Therefore thus sayth the Lorde of hostes, Behold, I wil melt them, & trie them: for what should I els do for the daughter of my people?

• Bishops' Bible (1568)

  Therefore thus saith the Lorde of hoastes: Beholde, I wyll melt them and trye them: for what shoulde I els do to my people?

• Authorized King James Version (1611)

  Therefore thus saith the LORD of hosts, Behold, I will melt them, and try them; for how shall I do for the daughter of my people?

• Webster's Bible (1833)

  Therefore thus says Yahweh of Hosts, Behold, I will melt them, and try them; for how [else] should I do, because of the daughter of my people?

• Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

  Therefore, thus said Jehovah of Hosts: Lo, I am refining them, and have tried them, For how do I do because of the daughter of My people?

• American Standard Version (1901)

  Therefore thus saith Jehovah of hosts, Behold, I will melt them, and try them; for how `else' should I do, because of the daughter of my people?

• American Standard Version (1901)

  Therefore thus saith Jehovah of hosts, Behold, I will melt them, and try them; for how [else] should I do, because of the daughter of my people?

• Bible in Basic English (1941)

  So the Lord of armies has said, See, I will make them soft in the fire and put them to the test; this I will do because of their evil-doing.

• World English Bible (2000)

  Therefore thus says Yahweh of Armies, Behold, I will melt them, and try them; for how [else] should I do, because of the daughter of my people?

• NET Bible® (New English Translation)

  Therefore the LORD of Heaven’s Armies,“I will now purify them in the fires of affliction and test them. The wickedness of my dear people has left me no choice. What else can I do?

Referenced Verses

• Isa 1:25 : 25 { "verseID": "Isaiah.1.25", "source": "וְאָשִׁ֤יבָה יָדִי֙ עָלַ֔יִךְ וְאֶצְרֹ֥ף כַּבֹּ֖ר סִיגָ֑יִךְ וְאָסִ֖ירָה כָּל־בְּדִילָֽיִךְ׃", "text": "*wᵉʾāšîbâ* *yādî* *'ālayik* *wᵉʾeṣrōp* *kabbōr* *sîgāyik* *wᵉʾāsîrâ* *kol*-*bᵉdîlāyik*", "grammar": { "*wᵉʾāšîbâ*": "conjunction wə- + verb, hifil imperfect, 1st person singular - and I will turn", "*yādî*": "noun, feminine singular + 1st person singular suffix - my hand", "*'ālayik*": "preposition 'al + 2nd person feminine singular suffix - against you", "*wᵉʾeṣrōp*": "conjunction wə- + verb, qal imperfect, 1st person singular - and I will smelt", "*kabbōr*": "preposition kᵉ- + definite article + noun, masculine singular - as with lye", "*sîgāyik*": "noun, masculine plural + 2nd person feminine singular suffix - your dross", "*wᵉʾāsîrâ*": "conjunction wə- + verb, hifil imperfect, 1st person singular - and I will remove", "*kol*": "construct noun - all", "*bᵉdîlāyik*": "noun, masculine singular + 2nd person feminine singular suffix - your alloy/tin" }, "variants": { "*wᵉʾāšîbâ* *yādî*": "turn my hand/direct my power", "*'ālayik*": "against you/upon you/toward you", "*wᵉʾeṣrōp*": "smelt/refine/purge", "*kabbōr*": "as with lye/with potash/like soap", "*sîgāyik*": "your dross/impurities/refuse", "*wᵉʾāsîrâ*": "remove/take away/eliminate", "*bᵉdîlāyik*": "your alloy/tin/base metals" } }
• Jer 6:27 : 27 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.6.27", "source": "בָּח֛וֹן נְתַתִּ֥יךָ בְעַמִּ֖י מִבְצָ֑ר וְתֵדַ֕ע וּבָחַנְתָּ֖ אֶת־דַּרְכָּֽם׃", "text": "As-*bāḥôn* I-have-*nətattîḵā* in-my-*ʿammî* *mibṣār* and-you-shall-*tēdaʿ* and-you-shall-*ûbāḥantā* *ʾet*-their-*darkām*.", "grammar": { "*bāḥôn*": "qal infinitive absolute - tester/assayer", "*nətattîḵā*": "qal perfect, 1st person singular + 2nd masculine singular suffix - I have set you", "*ʿammî*": "noun, masculine singular + 1st person singular suffix - my people", "*mibṣār*": "noun, masculine singular - fortress/stronghold", "*tēdaʿ*": "qal imperfect, 2nd masculine singular - you will know", "*ûbāḥantā*": "qal perfect with waw consecutive, 2nd masculine singular - you will test", "*darkām*": "noun, masculine singular + 3rd masculine plural suffix - their way" }, "variants": { "*bāḥôn*": "tester/assayer/examiner", "*mibṣār*": "fortress/stronghold/fortified place", "*ûbāḥantā*": "you will test/examine/try" } }
• Mal 3:3 : 3 { "verseID": "Malachi.3.3", "source": "וְיָשַׁ֨ב מְצָרֵ֤ף וּמְטַהֵר֙ כֶּ֔סֶף וְטִהַ֤ר אֶת־בְּנֵֽי־לֵוִי֙ וְזִקַּ֣ק אֹתָ֔ם כַּזָּהָ֖ב וְכַכָּ֑סֶף וְהָיוּ֙ לַֽיהוָ֔ה מַגִּישֵׁ֥י מִנְחָ֖ה בִּצְדָקָֽה׃", "text": "*We-yashav* *metsaref* *u-metaher* *kesef* *we-tihar* *et-bene-Lewi* *we-ziqqaq* *otam* *ka-zahav* *we-ka-kasef* *we-hayu* *la-YHWH* *maggishe* *minḥah* *bi-tsedaqah*.", "grammar": { "*We-yashav*": "waw consecutive + Qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he will sit/remain", "*metsaref*": "Piel participle, masculine singular - refining/purifying", "*u-metaher*": "waw conjunction + Piel participle, masculine singular - and purifying", "*kesef*": "noun, masculine singular - silver", "*we-tihar*": "waw consecutive + Piel perfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he will purify", "*et*": "direct object marker", "*bene-Lewi*": "noun, masculine plural construct + proper noun - sons of Levi", "*we-ziqqaq*": "waw consecutive + Piel perfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he will refine", "*otam*": "direct object marker with 3rd masculine plural suffix - them", "*ka-zahav*": "preposition + definite article + noun, masculine singular - like the gold", "*we-ka-kasef*": "waw conjunction + preposition + definite article + noun, masculine singular - and like the silver", "*we-hayu*": "waw consecutive + Qal perfect, 3rd common plural - and they will be", "*la-YHWH*": "preposition + divine name - to/for Yahweh/LORD", "*maggishe*": "Hiphil participle, masculine plural construct - bringers/offerers of", "*minḥah*": "noun, feminine singular - offering/gift/tribute", "*bi-tsedaqah*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular - in righteousness" }, "variants": { "*yashav*": "sit/remain/dwell/continue", "*metsaref*": "refiner/purifier/smelter", "*metaher*": "purifier/cleanser", "*tihar*": "purify/cleanse", "*ziqqaq*": "refine/purify/strain", "*maggishe*": "those who bring/those who offer/presenters", "*minḥah*": "offering/gift/tribute/grain offering", "*tsedaqah*": "righteousness/justice/rightness" } }
• Zech 13:9 : 9 { "verseID": "Zechariah.13.9", "source": "וְהֵבֵאתִ֤י אֶת־הַשְּׁלִשִׁית֙ בָּאֵ֔שׁ וּצְרַפְתִּים֙ כִּצְרֹ֣ף אֶת־הַכֶּ֔סֶף וּבְחַנְתִּ֖ים כִּבְחֹ֣ן אֶת־הַזָּהָ֑ב ה֣וּא ׀ יִקְרָ֣א בִשְׁמִ֗י וַֽאֲנִי֙ אֶעֱנֶ֣ה אֹת֔וֹ אָמַ֙רְתִּי֙ עַמִּ֣י ה֔וּא וְה֥וּא יֹאמַ֖ר יְהוָ֥ה אֱלֹהָֽי׃", "text": "And *hēḇē'ṯî* *'eṯ*-*haššəlišîṯ* in *bā'ēš*, and *ṣərap̄tîm* like *kiṣrōp̄* *'eṯ*-*hakkeśep̄*, and *ḇəḥantîm* like *kiḇḥōn* *'eṯ*-*hazzāhāḇ*; *hû'* *yiqrā'* in *šəmî*, and *wa'ănî* *'e'ĕneh* *'ōṯô*; *'āmartî* '*'ammî* *hû'*', and *hû'* *yō'mar* '*YHWH* *'ĕlōhāy*'.", "grammar": { "*hēḇē'ṯî*": "verb, hiphil perfect, 1st person common singular with waw consecutive - and I will bring", "*haššəlišîṯ*": "adjective, feminine, singular with definite article - the third part", "*bā'ēš*": "noun, feminine, singular with preposition and definite article - in the fire", "*ṣərap̄tîm*": "verb, qal perfect, 1st person common singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix and waw consecutive - and I will refine them", "*kiṣrōp̄*": "verb, qal infinitive construct with preposition - as the refining of", "*hakkeśep̄*": "noun, masculine, singular with definite article - the silver", "*ḇəḥantîm*": "verb, qal perfect, 1st person common singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix and waw consecutive - and I will test them", "*kiḇḥōn*": "verb, qal infinitive construct with preposition - as the testing of", "*hazzāhāḇ*": "noun, masculine, singular with definite article - the gold", "*hû'*": "personal pronoun, 3rd person masculine singular - he", "*yiqrā'*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he will call", "*šəmî*": "noun, masculine, singular construct with 1st person common singular suffix - my name", "*wa'ănî*": "personal pronoun, 1st person common singular with conjunctive waw - and I", "*'e'ĕneh*": "verb, qal imperfect, 1st person common singular - I will answer", "*'ōṯô*": "direct object marker with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - him", "*'āmartî*": "verb, qal perfect, 1st person common singular - I will say/I have said", "*'ammî*": "noun, masculine, singular construct with 1st person common singular suffix - my people", "*yō'mar*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he will say", "*'ĕlōhāy*": "noun, masculine, plural construct with 1st person common singular suffix - my God" }, "variants": { "*ṣərap̄tîm*": "I will refine them/I will purify them/I will smelt them", "*kiṣrōp̄*": "as the refining of/like the purification of", "*ḇəḥantîm*": "I will test them/I will try them/I will examine them", "*kiḇḥōn*": "as the testing of/like the trying of/as the examining of", "*yiqrā'*": "he will call/he will invoke/he will proclaim" } }
• Isa 48:10 : 10 { "verseID": "Isaiah.48.10", "source": "הִנֵּ֥ה צְרַפְתִּ֖יךָ וְלֹ֣א בְכָ֑סֶף בְּחַרְתִּ֖יךָ בְּכ֥וּר עֹֽנִי׃", "text": "Behold *ṣeraptîkā* and not with *kāsep* *beḥartîkā* in *kûr* *ʿōnî*", "grammar": { "*ṣeraptîkā*": "qal perfect 1st person singular + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - I have refined you", "*kāsep*": "masculine singular - silver", "*beḥartîkā*": "qal perfect 1st person singular + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - I have chosen you", "*kûr*": "masculine singular construct - furnace of", "*ʿōnî*": "masculine singular - affliction" }, "variants": { "*ṣeraptîkā*": "I have refined you/I have purified you/I have tested you", "*kāsep*": "silver/money", "*beḥartîkā*": "I have chosen you/I have selected you/I have elected you", "*kûr*": "furnace/crucible/smelter", "*ʿōnî*": "affliction/poverty/misery/suffering" } }
• Hos 11:8-9 : 8 { "verseID": "Hosea.11.8", "source": "אֵ֞יךְ אֶתֶּנְךָ֣ אֶפְרַ֗יִם אֲמַגֶּנְךָ֙ יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל אֵ֚יךְ אֶתֶּנְךָ֣ כְאַדְמָ֔ה אֲשִֽׂימְךָ֖ כִּצְבֹאיִ֑ם נֶהְפַּ֤ךְ עָלַי֙ לִבִּ֔י יַ֖חַד נִכְמְר֥וּ נִחוּמָֽי׃", "text": "How shall-I-*ʾettenkā* *ʾEfrayim*? shall-I-*ʾămagenkā* *Yiśrāʾēl*? How shall-I-*ʾettenkā* like-*ʾAdmâ*? shall-I-*ʾăśîməkā* like-*Ṣəbōʾyim*? *Nehpak* upon-me *libbî* *yaḥad* *nikmərû* *niḥûmāy*.", "grammar": { "*ʾêk*": "interrogative adverb - how", "*ʾettenkā*": "verb, qal imperfect 1st person singular with 2nd masculine singular suffix - I will give you/deliver you", "*ʾEfrayim*": "proper noun - Ephraim", "*ʾămagenkā*": "verb, piel imperfect 1st person singular with 2nd masculine singular suffix - I will deliver/surrender you", "*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*ʾêk*": "interrogative adverb - how", "*ʾettenkā*": "verb, qal imperfect 1st person singular with 2nd masculine singular suffix - I will give you/deliver you", "*kə-*": "preposition prefix - like/as", "*ʾAdmâ*": "proper noun - Admah", "*ʾăśîməkā*": "verb, qal imperfect 1st person singular with 2nd masculine singular suffix - I will make you/set you", "*kə-*": "preposition prefix - like/as", "*Ṣəbōʾyim*": "proper noun - Zeboiim", "*nehpak*": "verb, niphal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - it is turned/overturned", "*ʿālay*": "preposition with 1st person singular suffix - upon me", "*libbî*": "noun, masculine singular construct with 1st person singular suffix - my heart", "*yaḥad*": "adverb - together/all at once", "*nikmərû*": "verb, niphal perfect 3rd person plural - they grow warm/are kindled", "*niḥûmāy*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 1st person singular suffix - my compassions" }, "variants": { "*ʾettenkā*": "give you up/deliver you/hand you over", "*ʾămagenkā*": "deliver you/surrender you/shield you", "*ʾAdmâ*": "Admah (city destroyed with Sodom)", "*ʾăśîməkā*": "make you/set you/place you", "*Ṣəbōʾyim*": "Zeboiim (city destroyed with Sodom)", "*nehpak*": "is turned/overturned/changed", "*libbî*": "my heart/mind/inner self", "*nikmərû*": "grow warm/are kindled/are stirred", "*niḥûmāy*": "my compassions/consolations" } } 9 { "verseID": "Hosea.11.9", "source": "לֹ֤א אֶֽעֱשֶׂה֙ חֲר֣וֹן אַפִּ֔י לֹ֥א אָשׁ֖וּב לְשַׁחֵ֣ת אֶפְרָ֑יִם כִּ֣י אֵ֤ל אָֽנֹכִי֙ וְלֹא־אִ֔ישׁ בְּקִרְבְּךָ֣ קָד֔וֹשׁ וְלֹ֥א אָב֖וֹא בְּעִֽיר׃", "text": "Not I-*ʾeʿĕśeh* *ḥărôn* *ʾappî* not I-*ʾāšûb* to-*šaḥēt* *ʾEfrayim* for *ʾēl* *ʾānōkî* and-not-*ʾîš* in-*qirbəkā* *qādôš* and-not I-*ʾābôʾ* in-*ʿîr*.", "grammar": { "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*ʾeʿĕśeh*": "verb, qal imperfect 1st person singular - I will do/execute", "*ḥărôn*": "noun, masculine singular construct - fierceness/burning", "*ʾappî*": "noun, masculine singular construct with 1st person singular suffix - my anger/nose", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*ʾāšûb*": "verb, qal imperfect 1st person singular - I will return/turn back", "*lə-*": "preposition prefix - to", "*šaḥēt*": "verb, piel infinitive construct - destroy", "*ʾEfrayim*": "proper noun - Ephraim", "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*ʾēl*": "noun, masculine singular - God/deity", "*ʾānōkî*": "personal pronoun, 1st person singular - I/I myself", "*wə-lōʾ-*": "conjunction with negative particle - and not", "*ʾîš*": "noun, masculine singular - man", "*bə-*": "preposition prefix - in", "*qirbəkā*": "noun, masculine singular construct with 2nd masculine singular suffix - your midst", "*qādôš*": "adjective, masculine singular - holy/set apart", "*wə-*": "conjunction prefix - and", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*ʾābôʾ*": "verb, qal imperfect 1st person singular - I will come/enter", "*bə-*": "preposition prefix - in", "*ʿîr*": "noun, feminine singular - city" }, "variants": { "*ʾeʿĕśeh*": "will do/execute/carry out", "*ḥărôn*": "fierceness/burning/heat", "*ʾappî*": "my anger/my nose/my wrath", "*ʾāšûb*": "will return/turn back/again", "*šaḥēt*": "destroy/ruin/corrupt", "*ʾēl*": "God/deity/divine being", "*ʾānōkî*": "I/I myself (emphatic)", "*ʾîš*": "man/human/mortal", "*qirbəkā*": "your midst/among you/your inner part", "*qādôš*": "holy/set apart/sacred", "*ʾābôʾ*": "will come/enter/go", "*ʿîr*": "city/town/anger" } }
• 1 Pet 1:7 : 7 { "verseID": "1 Peter.1.7", "source": "Ἵνα τὸ δοκίμιον ὑμῶν τῆς πίστεως, πολυτιμιώτερον χρυσίου τοῦ ἀπολλυμένου, διὰ πυρὸς δὲ δοκιμαζομένου, εὑρεθῇ εἰς ἔπαινον καὶ τιμὴν καὶ δόξαν ἐν ἀποκαλύψει Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ:", "text": "So that the *dokimion* of you of the *pisteōs*, *polytimōteron* than *chrysiou* the *apollymenou*, but through *pyros* being *dokimazomenou*, might be *heurethē* unto *epainon* and *timēn* and *doxan* in *apokalypsē* of *Iēsou Christou*:", "grammar": { "*dokimion*": "nominative, neuter, singular - subject", "*pisteōs*": "genitive, feminine, singular - reference/relationship", "*polytimōteron*": "comparative adjective, nominative, neuter, singular - predicate", "*chrysiou*": "genitive, neuter, singular - comparison", "*apollymenou*": "present, middle/passive, participle, genitive, neuter, singular - attributive", "*pyros*": "genitive, neuter, singular - means/instrument", "*dokimazomenou*": "present, passive, participle, genitive, neuter, singular - attributive/concessive", "*heurethē*": "aorist, passive, subjunctive, 3rd person, singular - purpose/result", "*epainon*": "accusative, masculine, singular - purpose/result", "*timēn*": "accusative, feminine, singular - purpose/result", "*doxan*": "accusative, feminine, singular - purpose/result", "*apokalypsē*": "dative, feminine, singular - time when" }, "variants": { "*dokimion*": "testing/proof/genuineness", "*pisteōs*": "faith/trust/belief", "*polytimōteron*": "more precious/more valuable", "*chrysiou*": "gold/golden object", "*apollymenou*": "perishing/being destroyed/passing away", "*pyros*": "fire/flame", "*dokimazomenou*": "being tested/tried/proven", "*heurethē*": "might be found/discovered/proven to be", "*epainon*": "praise/commendation", "*timēn*": "honor/value/price", "*doxan*": "glory/splendor/praise", "*apokalypsē*": "revelation/disclosure/appearing" } }
• 1 Pet 4:12 : 12 { "verseID": "1 Peter.4.12", "source": "Ἀγαπητοί, μὴ ξενίζεσθε τῇ ἐν ὑμῖν πυρώσει πρὸς πειρασμὸν ὑμῖν γινομένῃ, ὡς ξένου ὑμῖν συμβαίνοντος:", "text": "*Agapētoi*, do not *xenizesthe* at the in you *pyrōsei pros peirasmon* to you *ginomenē*, as *xenou* to you *symbainontos*:", "grammar": { "*Agapētoi*": "vocative, masculine, plural - beloved ones", "*xenizesthe*": "present passive imperative, 2nd person plural - be surprised/think strange", "*pyrōsei*": "dative, feminine, singular - fiery ordeal/burning", "*pros*": "preposition - for/toward", "*peirasmon*": "accusative, masculine, singular - testing/trial", "*ginomenē*": "present middle participle, dative, feminine, singular - happening/occurring", "*xenou*": "genitive, neuter, singular - of strange thing", "*symbainontos*": "present active participle, genitive, neuter, singular - happening/befalling" }, "variants": { "*xenizesthe*": "be surprised/be astonished/think it strange", "*pyrōsei*": "burning/fiery ordeal/fire/trial by fire", "*peirasmon*": "testing/trial/temptation", "*xenou*": "strange/foreign/unusual" } }
• Ezek 22:18-22 : 18 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.22.18", "source": "בֶּן־אָדָ֕ם הָיוּ־לִ֥י בֵֽית־יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל *לסוג **לְסִ֑יג כֻּלָּ֡ם נְ֠חֹשֶׁת וּבְדִ֨יל וּבַרְזֶ֤ל וְעוֹפֶ֙רֶת֙ בְּת֣וֹךְ כּ֔וּר סִגִ֥ים כֶּ֖סֶף הָיֽוּ׃ ס", "text": "*Ben*-*ʾādām*, *hāyû*-to me *bêṯ*-*Yiśrāʾēl* into *sîg*; all of them *nəḥōšeṯ* and *bəḏîl* and *barzel* and *ʿôp̄ereṯ* in *tôḵ* *kûr*, *sigîm* *kesep̄* they *hāyû*. *s*", "grammar": { "*ben*": "construct masculine singular noun - 'son of'", "*ʾādām*": "masculine singular noun - 'man/mankind/Adam'", "*hāyû*": "qal perfect, 3rd plural - 'they were/have become'", "*bêṯ*": "construct masculine singular noun - 'house of'", "*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - 'Israel'", "*sîg*": "masculine singular noun - 'dross/slag'", "*nəḥōšeṯ*": "feminine singular noun - 'bronze/copper'", "*bəḏîl*": "masculine singular noun - 'tin'", "*barzel*": "masculine singular noun - 'iron'", "*ʿôp̄ereṯ*": "feminine singular noun - 'lead'", "*tôḵ*": "construct masculine singular noun - 'midst of'", "*kûr*": "masculine singular noun - 'furnace'", "*sigîm*": "masculine plural noun - 'dross/slag'", "*kesep̄*": "masculine singular noun - 'silver'", "*s*": "Hebrew paragraph marker" }, "variants": { "*sîg*": "dross/slag/refuse", "*kûr*": "furnace/crucible/smelting pot" } } 19 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.22.19", "source": "לָכֵ֗ן כֹּ֤ה אָמַר֙ אֲדֹנָ֣י יְהוִ֔ה יַ֛עַן הֱי֥וֹת כֻּלְּכֶ֖ם לְסִגִ֑ים לָכֵן֙ הִנְנִ֣י קֹבֵ֣ץ אֶתְכֶ֔ם אֶל־תּ֖וֹךְ יְרוּשָׁלָֽ͏ִם׃", "text": "Therefore, thus *ʾāmar* *ʾăḏōnāy* *YHWH*: because *hĕyôṯ* all of you as *sîgîm*, therefore, behold I am *qōḇēṣ* you unto-*tôḵ* *Yərûšālāim*", "grammar": { "*ʾāmar*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - 'he said/says'", "*ʾăḏōnāy*": "noun with 1st plural suffix as divine title - 'my Lord'", "*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name - 'Yahweh/LORD'", "*hĕyôṯ*": "qal infinitive construct - 'to be/being'", "*sîgîm*": "masculine plural noun - 'dross/slag'", "*qōḇēṣ*": "qal participle, masculine singular - 'gathering'", "*tôḵ*": "construct masculine singular noun - 'midst of'", "*Yərûšālāim*": "proper noun - 'Jerusalem'" }, "variants": { "*hĕyôṯ*": "being/becoming/since you have become", "*sîgîm*": "dross/slag/refuse", "*qōḇēṣ*": "gathering/collecting/assembling" } } 20 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.22.20", "source": "קְבֻ֣צַת כֶּ֡סֶף וּ֠נְחֹשֶׁת וּבַרְזֶ֨ל וְעוֹפֶ֤רֶת וּבְדִיל֙ אֶל־תּ֣וֹךְ כּ֔וּר לָפַֽחַת־עָלָ֥יו אֵ֖שׁ לְהַנְתִּ֑יךְ כֵּ֤ן אֶקְבֹּץ֙ בְּאַפִּ֣י וּבַחֲמָתִ֔י וְהִנַּחְתִּ֥י וְהִתַּכְתִּ֖י אֶתְכֶֽם׃", "text": "As *qəḇuṣaṯ* *kesep̄* and *nəḥōšeṯ* and *barzel* and *ʿôp̄ereṯ* and *bəḏîl* unto-*tôḵ* *kûr*, to *lāp̄aḥaṯ*-upon it *ʾēš* to *hantîḵ*; so I will *ʾeqbōṣ* in my *ʾappî* and in my *ḥămāṯî*, and I will *hinnaḥtî* and *hittaḵtî* you", "grammar": { "*qəḇuṣaṯ*": "construct feminine singular noun - 'collection of'", "*kesep̄*": "masculine singular noun - 'silver'", "*nəḥōšeṯ*": "feminine singular noun - 'bronze/copper'", "*barzel*": "masculine singular noun - 'iron'", "*ʿôp̄ereṯ*": "feminine singular noun - 'lead'", "*bəḏîl*": "masculine singular noun - 'tin'", "*tôḵ*": "construct masculine singular noun - 'midst of'", "*kûr*": "masculine singular noun - 'furnace'", "*lāp̄aḥaṯ*": "qal infinitive construct - 'to blow'", "*ʾēš*": "feminine singular noun - 'fire'", "*hantîḵ*": "hiphil infinitive construct - 'to melt'", "*ʾeqbōṣ*": "qal imperfect, 1st singular - 'I will gather'", "*ʾappî*": "masculine singular noun with 1st singular suffix - 'my anger'", "*ḥămāṯî*": "feminine singular noun with 1st singular suffix - 'my fury'", "*hinnaḥtî*": "hiphil perfect, 1st singular - 'I will place/deposit'", "*hittaḵtî*": "hiphil perfect, 1st singular - 'I will melt'" }, "variants": { "*qəḇuṣaṯ*": "collection of/gathering together of", "*lāp̄aḥaṯ*": "to blow/to fan/to kindle", "*hantîḵ*": "to melt/to smelt", "*ʾappî*": "my anger/my nose/my wrath", "*ḥămāṯî*": "my fury/my wrath/my heat", "*hinnaḥtî*": "I will place/deposit/leave", "*hittaḵtî*": "I will melt/I will smelt" } } 21 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.22.21", "source": "וְכִנַּסְתִּ֣י אֶתְכֶ֔ם וְנָפַחְתִּ֥י עֲלֵיכֶ֖ם בְּאֵ֣שׁ עֶבְרָתִ֑י וְנִתַּכְתֶּ֖ם בְּתוֹכָֽהּ׃", "text": "And I will *kinnastî* you, and *nāp̄aḥtî* upon you with *ʾēš* my *ʿeḇrāṯî*; and you shall be *nittaḵtem* in *tôḵāh*", "grammar": { "*kinnastî*": "piel perfect, 1st singular - 'I will gather'", "*nāp̄aḥtî*": "qal perfect, 1st singular - 'I will blow'", "*ʾēš*": "feminine singular noun - 'fire'", "*ʿeḇrāṯî*": "feminine singular noun with 1st singular suffix - 'my wrath'", "*nittaḵtem*": "niphal perfect, 2nd masculine plural - 'you will be melted'", "*tôḵāh*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd feminine singular suffix - 'her midst'" }, "variants": { "*kinnastî*": "I will gather/I will collect/I will assemble", "*nāp̄aḥtî*": "I will blow/I will breathe/I will kindle", "*ʿeḇrāṯî*": "my wrath/my fury/my overflowing anger", "*nittaḵtem*": "you will be melted/you will be smelted" } } 22 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.22.22", "source": "כְּהִתּ֥וּךְ כֶּ֙סֶף֙ בְּת֣וֹךְ כּ֔וּר כֵּ֖ן תֻּתְּכ֣וּ בְתוֹכָ֑הּ וִֽידַעְתֶּם֙ כִּֽי־אֲנִ֣י יְהוָ֔ה שָׁפַ֥כְתִּי חֲמָתִ֖י עֲלֵיכֶֽם׃ פ", "text": "As *hittûḵ* *kesep̄* in *tôḵ* *kûr*, so shall you be *tuttəḵû* in *tôḵāh*; and you shall *wîḏaʿtem* that-I *YHWH* have *šāp̄aḵtî* my *ḥămāṯî* upon you. *p*", "grammar": { "*hittûḵ*": "infinitive construct with prefix - 'melting of'", "*kesep̄*": "masculine singular noun - 'silver'", "*tôḵ*": "construct masculine singular noun - 'midst of'", "*kûr*": "masculine singular noun - 'furnace'", "*tuttəḵû*": "hophal imperfect, 2nd masculine plural - 'you will be melted'", "*tôḵāh*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd feminine singular suffix - 'her midst'", "*wîḏaʿtem*": "qal perfect, 2nd masculine plural - 'you will know'", "*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name - 'Yahweh/LORD'", "*šāp̄aḵtî*": "qal perfect, 1st singular - 'I have poured out'", "*ḥămāṯî*": "feminine singular noun with 1st singular suffix - 'my fury'", "*p*": "Hebrew paragraph marker" }, "variants": { "*hittûḵ*": "melting of/smelting of", "*tuttəḵû*": "you will be melted/you will be smelted", "*šāp̄aḵtî*": "I have poured out/I have spilled", "*ḥămāṯî*": "my fury/my wrath/my heat" } }
• Jer 6:29-30 : 29 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.6.29", "source": "נָחַ֣ר מַפֻּ֔חַ *מאשתם **מֵאֵ֖שׁ **תַּ֣ם עֹפָ֑רֶת לַשָּׁוְא֙ צָרַ֣ף צָר֔וֹף וְרָעִ֖ים לֹ֥א נִתָּֽקוּ׃", "text": "*nāḥar* *mappûaḥ* *mēʾēš* *tam* *ʿōpāret* for-the-*šāwəʾ* *ṣārap* *ṣārôp* and-*rāʿîm* not *nittāqû*.", "grammar": { "*nāḥar*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - it is scorched/burned", "*mappûaḥ*": "noun, masculine singular - bellows", "*mēʾēš*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular - from fire", "*tam*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - is consumed/exhausted", "*ʿōpāret*": "noun, feminine singular - lead", "*šāwəʾ*": "noun, masculine singular - emptiness/vanity", "*ṣārap*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he refined", "*ṣārôp*": "qal infinitive absolute - refining", "*rāʿîm*": "adjective, masculine plural - evil/wicked", "*nittāqû*": "niphal perfect, 3rd masculine plural - they are separated" }, "variants": { "*nāḥar*": "it is scorched/burned/consumed", "*mappûaḥ*": "bellows/blower", "*tam*": "is consumed/exhausted/complete", "*ṣārap* *ṣārôp*": "refined intensely/kept refining", "*nittāqû*": "they are separated/pulled away/removed" } } 30 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.6.30", "source": "כֶּ֣סֶף נִמְאָ֔ס קָרְא֖וּ לָהֶ֑ם כִּֽי־מָאַ֥ס יְהוָ֖ה בָּהֶֽם׃ פ", "text": "*kesep* *nimʾās* they-*qārəʾû* to-them for-*māʾas* *YHWH* in-them.", "grammar": { "*kesep*": "noun, masculine singular - silver", "*nimʾās*": "niphal participle, masculine singular - rejected", "*qārəʾû*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - they will call", "*māʾas*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he has rejected", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - LORD/Yahweh" }, "variants": { "*nimʾās*": "rejected/despised/refused", "*māʾas*": "he has rejected/despised/refused" } }
• Jer 31:20 : 20 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.31.20", "source": "הֲבֵן֩ יַקִּ֨יר לִ֜י אֶפְרַ֗יִם אִ֚ם יֶ֣לֶד שַׁעֲשֻׁעִ֔ים כִּֽי־מִדֵּ֤י דַבְּרִי֙ בּ֔וֹ זָכֹ֥ר אֶזְכְּרֶ֖נּוּ ע֑וֹד עַל־כֵּ֗ן הָמ֤וּ מֵעַי֙ ל֔וֹ רַחֵ֥ם אֲ‍ֽרַחֲמֶ֖נּוּ נְאֻם־יְהוָֽה׃ ס", "text": "*hăḇēn yaqqîr lî ʾep̄rayim ʾim yeleḏ šaʿăšuʿîm kî-middê dabbrî bô zāḵōr ʾezkkərennu ʿôḏ ʿal-kēn hāmû mēʿay lô raḥēm ʾăraḥămennu nəʾum-YHWH*.", "grammar": { "*hă*": "interrogative particle - is?", "*ḇēn yaqqîr lî*": "masculine singular noun + adjective + preposition + 1st person singular suffix - precious son to me", "*ʾep̄rayim*": "proper noun - Ephraim", "*ʾim*": "conjunction - or/indeed", "*yeleḏ šaʿăšuʿîm*": "masculine singular noun + masculine plural noun - child of delights", "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*middê dabbrî*": "preposition + construct noun + piel infinitive construct + 1st person singular suffix - as often as my speaking", "*bô*": "preposition + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - in him", "*zāḵōr ʾezkkərennu*": "infinitive absolute + qal imperfect 1st person singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - remembering I will remember him (emphatic)", "*ʿôḏ*": "adverb - still/yet", "*ʿal-kēn*": "preposition + adverb - therefore", "*hāmû*": "qal perfect 3rd person common plural - they yearn/moan", "*mēʿay*": "masculine plural noun + 1st person singular suffix - my bowels/inward parts", "*lô*": "preposition + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - for him", "*raḥēm ʾăraḥămennu*": "infinitive absolute + piel imperfect 1st person singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - compassionating I will have compassion on him (emphatic)", "*nəʾum-YHWH*": "construct phrase - declaration of YHWH" }, "variants": { "*yaqqîr*": "precious/dear/valuable", "*šaʿăšuʿîm*": "delights/pleasures/darling", "*midê*": "as often as/whenever", "*hāmû*": "yearn/moan/are troubled/rumble", "*mēʿay*": "bowels/inward parts/heart (seat of emotions)", "*raḥēm ʾăraḥămennu*": "surely have mercy/definitely show compassion/certainly have pity" } }
• Ezek 26:11-12 : 11 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.26.11", "source": "בְּפַרְס֣וֹת סוּסָ֔יו יִרְמֹ֖ס אֶת־כָּל־חֽוּצוֹתָ֑יִךְ עַמֵּךְ֙ בַּחֶ֣רֶב יַהֲרֹ֔ג וּמַצְּב֥וֹת עֻזֵּ֖ךְ לָאָ֥רֶץ תֵּרֵֽד׃", "text": "With *bepharsôt* his *sûsāyw* *yirmōs* all your *chûtsôtāyik*, your *'ammēk* with the *chereb* *yaharōg*, and *matstsebôt* your *'uzzēk* to the *'ārets* *tērēd*.", "grammar": { "*bepharsôt*": "preposition + feminine plural construct - with hooves of", "*sûsāyw*": "masculine plural noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his horses", "*yirmōs*": "qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he will trample", "*chûtsôtāyik*": "feminine plural noun with 2nd person feminine singular suffix - your streets", "*'ammēk*": "masculine singular noun with 2nd person feminine singular suffix - your people", "*chereb*": "feminine singular noun with definite article - the sword", "*yaharōg*": "qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he will kill", "*matstsebôt*": "feminine plural construct - pillars of", "*'uzzēk*": "masculine singular noun with 2nd person feminine singular suffix - your strength", "*'ārets*": "feminine singular noun with definite article - the ground", "*tērēd*": "qal imperfect, 3rd person feminine singular - will come down" }, "variants": { "*parsôt*": "hooves/horseshoes", "*chûtsôtāyik*": "your streets/your public squares", "*matstsebôt 'uzzēk*": "pillars of your strength/monuments of your might/your strong columns" } } 12 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.26.12", "source": "וְשָׁלְל֣וּ חֵילֵ֗ךְ וּבָֽזְזוּ֙ רְכֻלָּתֵ֔ךְ וְהָֽרְסוּ֙ חוֹמוֹתַ֔יִךְ וּבָתֵּ֥י חֶמְדָּתֵ֖ךְ יִתֹּ֑צוּ וַאֲבָנַ֤יִךְ וְעֵצַ֙יִךְ֙ וַֽעֲפָרֵ֔ךְ בְּת֥וֹךְ מַ֖יִם יָשִֽׂימוּ׃", "text": "And *shālelû* your *chêlēk* and *bāzezû* your *rekullātēk* and *hāresû* your *chômôtayik*, and your *bāttê chemdātēk* *yittōtsû*, and your *'ăbānayik* and your *'ētsayik* and your *'ăphārēk* in *betôk* *mayim* *yāsîmû*.", "grammar": { "*shālelû*": "qal perfect, 3rd person plural - they will plunder", "*chêlēk*": "masculine singular noun with 2nd person feminine singular suffix - your wealth", "*bāzezû*": "qal perfect, 3rd person plural - they will loot", "*rekullātēk*": "feminine singular noun with 2nd person feminine singular suffix - your merchandise", "*hāresû*": "qal perfect, 3rd person plural - they will break down", "*chômôtayik*": "feminine plural noun with 2nd person feminine singular suffix - your walls", "*bāttê*": "masculine plural construct - houses of", "*chemdātēk*": "feminine singular noun with 2nd person feminine singular suffix - your delight", "*yittōtsû*": "qal imperfect, 3rd person plural - they will tear down", "*'ăbānayik*": "feminine plural noun with 2nd person feminine singular suffix - your stones", "*'ētsayik*": "masculine plural noun with 2nd person feminine singular suffix - your timbers", "*'ăphārēk*": "masculine singular noun with 2nd person feminine singular suffix - your dust", "*betôk*": "preposition + masculine singular construct - in the midst of", "*mayim*": "masculine plural noun - water", "*yāsîmû*": "qal imperfect, 3rd person plural - they will place" }, "variants": { "*chêlēk*": "your wealth/your resources/your army", "*rekullātēk*": "your merchandise/your goods/your trading wares", "*bāttê chemdātēk*": "houses of your delight/your pleasant/luxurious houses" } }
• Hos 6:4-5 : 4 { "verseID": "Hosea.6.4", "source": "מָ֤ה אֶֽעֱשֶׂה־לְּךָ֙ אֶפְרַ֔יִם מָ֥ה אֶעֱשֶׂה־לְּךָ֖ יְהוּדָ֑ה וְחַסְדְּכֶם֙ כַּֽעֲנַן־בֹּ֔קֶר וְכַטַּ֖ל מַשְׁכִּ֥ים הֹלֵֽךְ׃", "text": "What *ʾe'ĕśeh*-to-you *ʾep̄rayim*, what *ʾe'ĕśeh*-to-you *yәhûḏāh*? And-*ḥasdәḵem* like-*'ănan*-*bōqer* and-like-the-*ṭal* *maškîm* *hōlēḵ*", "grammar": { "*ʾe'ĕśeh*": "imperfect, 1st person singular - I shall do", "*ʾep̄rayim*": "proper noun - Ephraim", "*yәhûḏāh*": "proper noun - Judah", "*ḥasdәḵem*": "noun + 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your loyalty/devotion", "*'ănan*": "construct noun, masculine singular - cloud of", "*bōqer*": "noun, masculine singular - morning", "*ṭal*": "noun, masculine singular - dew", "*maškîm*": "Hiphil participle, masculine singular - rising early", "*hōlēḵ*": "Qal participle, masculine singular - going/disappearing" }, "variants": { "*ḥasdәḵem*": "your loyalty/your faithfulness/your loving-kindness/your covenant faithfulness", "*'ănan*": "cloud/mist", "*maškîm*": "early-rising/early-appearing", "*hōlēḵ*": "goes away/disappears/departs" } } 5 { "verseID": "Hosea.6.5", "source": "עַל־כֵּ֗ן חָצַ֙בְתִּי֙ בַּנְּבִיאִ֔ים הֲרַגְתִּ֖ים בְּאִמְרֵי־פִ֑י וּמִשְׁפָּטֶ֖יךָ א֥וֹר יֵצֵֽא׃", "text": "Therefore *ḥāṣaḇtî* by-the-*nәḇîʾîm*, *hăraḡtîm* by-*ʾimrê*-my-mouth, and-*mišpāṭeḵā* *ʾôr* *yēṣēʾ*", "grammar": { "*ḥāṣaḇtî*": "perfect, 1st person singular - I hewed/cut down", "*nәḇîʾîm*": "noun, masculine plural - prophets", "*hăraḡtîm*": "perfect, 1st person singular + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - I killed them", "*ʾimrê*": "construct plural noun - words of/sayings of", "*mišpāṭeḵā*": "noun, masculine plural + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your judgments", "*ʾôr*": "noun, masculine singular - light", "*yēṣēʾ*": "imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - goes forth/comes out" }, "variants": { "*ḥāṣaḇtî*": "I hewed/I cut down/I carved out", "*hăraḡtîm*": "I killed them/I slew them", "*ʾimrê*": "words/sayings/utterances", "*mišpāṭeḵā*": "your judgments/your justice/your ordinances" } }
• 2 Chr 36:15 : 15 { "verseID": "2 Chronicles.36.15", "source": "וַיִּשְׁלַ֡ח יְהוָה֩ אֱלֹהֵ֨י אֲבוֹתֵיהֶ֧ם עֲלֵיהֶ֛ם בְּיַ֥ד מַלְאָכָ֖יו הַשְׁכֵּ֣ם וְשָׁל֑וֹחַ כִּֽי־חָמַ֥ל עַל־עַמּ֖וֹ וְעַל־מְעוֹנֽוֹ׃", "text": "And *wayyišlaḥ* *yhwh* *ʾĕlōhê* their-*ʾăbôtêhem* to-them by-hand-of his-*malʾākāyw* *haškēm* and-*šālôaḥ* because-he-*ḥāmal* on-his-*ʿammô* and-on-his-*mĕʿônô*", "grammar": { "*wayyišlaḥ*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - and he sent", "*yhwh*": "divine name - YHWH/LORD", "*ʾĕlōhê*": "masculine plural construct noun - God of", "*ʾăbôtêhem*": "masculine plural noun + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their fathers", "*malʾākāyw*": "masculine plural noun + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his messengers", "*haškēm*": "Hiphil infinitive absolute - rising early", "*šālôaḥ*": "Qal infinitive absolute - sending", "*ḥāmal*": "Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - he had compassion", "*ʿammô*": "masculine singular noun + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his people", "*mĕʿônô*": "masculine singular noun + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his dwelling place" }, "variants": { "*haškēm*": "rising early/persistently/repeatedly", "*šālôaḥ*": "sending/dispatching/commissioning", "*ḥāmal*": "had compassion/had pity/spared", "*mĕʿônô*": "his dwelling place/his habitation/his sanctuary" } }
• Zech 1:14-16 : 14 { "verseID": "Zechariah.1.14", "source": "וַיֹּ֣אמֶר אֵלַ֗י הַמַּלְאָךְ֙ הַדֹּבֵ֣ר בִּ֔י קְרָ֣א לֵאמֹ֔ר כֹּ֥ה אָמַ֖ר יְהוָ֣ה צְבָא֑וֹת קִנֵּ֧אתִי לִירוּשָׁלַ֛͏ִם וּלְצִיּ֖וֹן קִנְאָ֥ה גְדוֹלָֽה", "text": "*wayyōʾmer* to-me the *malʾāḵ* the *dōḇēr* in-me, \"*qᵉrāʾ* *lēʾmōr*, 'Thus *ʾāmar* *YHWH* *ṣᵉḇāʾôt*, *qinnēʾtî* for *yᵉrûšālaim* and for *ṣiyyôn* *qinʾāh* *gᵉḏôlāh*'\"", "grammar": { "*wayyōʾmer*": "conjunction *wa* + verb qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular with consecutive vav - and he said", "*malʾāḵ*": "noun masculine singular with definite article - the angel/messenger", "*dōḇēr*": "verb qal participle masculine singular with definite article - the one speaking", "*qᵉrāʾ*": "verb qal imperative masculine singular - call/proclaim", "*lēʾmōr*": "preposition with qal infinitive construct - saying", "*ʾāmar*": "verb qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - said/says", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - the LORD/Yahweh", "*ṣᵉḇāʾôt*": "noun feminine plural construct - of hosts/armies", "*qinnēʾtî*": "verb piel perfect 1st person singular - I am jealous/zealous", "*yᵉrûšālaim*": "proper noun with preposition *lᵉ* - for Jerusalem", "*ṣiyyôn*": "proper noun with conjunction *wᵉ* and preposition *lᵉ* - and for Zion", "*qinʾāh*": "noun feminine singular - jealousy/zeal", "*gᵉḏôlāh*": "adjective feminine singular - great" }, "variants": { "*malʾāḵ*": "angel/messenger", "*dōḇēr*": "speaking/talking/communicating", "*qᵉrāʾ*": "call/proclaim/cry out", "*ṣᵉḇāʾôt*": "hosts/armies/heavenly forces", "*qinnēʾtî*": "I am jealous/I am zealous/I am passionate", "*qinʾāh*": "jealousy/zeal/passion" } } 15 { "verseID": "Zechariah.1.15", "source": "וְקֶ֤צֶף גָּדוֹל֙ אֲנִ֣י קֹצֵ֔ף עַל־הַגּוֹיִ֖ם הַשַּֽׁאֲנַנִּ֑ים אֲשֶׁ֤ר אֲנִי֙ קָצַ֣פְתִּי מְּעָ֔ט וְהֵ֖מָּה עָזְר֥וּ לְרָעָֽה", "text": "And *qeṣep̄* *gāḏôl* I *qōṣēp̄* against-the *gôyim* the *šaʾănannîm*, whom I *qāṣap̄tî* *mᵉʿāṭ* and-they *ʿāzᵉrû* *lᵉrāʿāh*", "grammar": { "*qeṣep̄*": "noun masculine singular with conjunction *wᵉ* - and wrath/anger", "*gāḏôl*": "adjective masculine singular - great", "*qōṣēp̄*": "verb qal participle masculine singular - am angry", "*gôyim*": "noun masculine plural with definite article and preposition *ʿal* - against the nations", "*šaʾănannîm*": "adjective masculine plural with definite article - the complacent/at ease", "*qāṣap̄tî*": "verb qal perfect 1st person singular - I was angry", "*mᵉʿāṭ*": "adjective masculine singular - little", "*ʿāzᵉrû*": "verb qal perfect 3rd common plural with conjunction *wᵉ* - and they helped", "*lᵉrāʿāh*": "preposition *lᵉ* + noun feminine singular - for evil/harm" }, "variants": { "*qeṣep̄*": "wrath/anger/indignation", "*qōṣēp̄*": "am angry/furious/wrathful", "*gôyim*": "nations/peoples/gentiles", "*šaʾănannîm*": "complacent/at ease/secure", "*mᵉʿāṭ*": "little/small amount", "*ʿāzᵉrû*": "helped/assisted", "*lᵉrāʿāh*": "for evil/for harm/for calamity" } } 16 { "verseID": "Zechariah.1.16", "source": "לָכֵ֞ן כֹּֽה־אָמַ֣ר יְהוָ֗ה שַׁ֤בְתִּי לִירוּשָׁלִַ֙ם֙ בְּֽרַחֲמִ֔ים בֵּיתִי֙ יִבָּ֣נֶה בָּ֔הּ נְאֻ֖ם יְהוָ֣ה צְבָא֑וֹת וְקָ֥ו יִנָּטֶ֖ה עַל־יְרוּשָׁלָֽ͏ִם", "text": "Therefore thus-*ʾāmar* *YHWH*, \"*šaḇtî* to *yᵉrûšālaim* in *raḥămîm*, *bêtî* *yibbāneh* in-her,\" *nᵉʾum* *YHWH* *ṣᵉḇāʾôt*, \"and *qāw* *yinnāṭeh* over-*yᵉrûšālāim*\"", "grammar": { "*ʾāmar*": "verb qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - said/says", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - the LORD/Yahweh", "*šaḇtî*": "verb qal perfect 1st person singular - I have returned", "*yᵉrûšālaim*": "proper noun with preposition *lᵉ* - to Jerusalem", "*raḥămîm*": "noun masculine plural with preposition *bᵉ* - with mercies/compassion", "*bêtî*": "noun masculine singular construct with 1st person singular suffix - my house", "*yibbāneh*": "verb niphal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - will be built", "*nᵉʾum*": "noun masculine singular construct - declaration of", "*ṣᵉḇāʾôt*": "noun feminine plural construct - of hosts/armies", "*qāw*": "noun masculine singular with conjunction *wᵉ* - and measuring line", "*yinnāṭeh*": "verb niphal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - will be stretched out", "*yᵉrûšālāim*": "proper noun with preposition *ʿal* - over Jerusalem" }, "variants": { "*šaḇtî*": "I have returned/I have turned/I have restored", "*raḥămîm*": "mercies/compassion/tender mercies", "*yibbāneh*": "will be built/shall be constructed", "*nᵉʾum*": "declaration/oracle/utterance", "*ṣᵉḇāʾôt*": "hosts/armies/heavenly forces", "*qāw*": "measuring line/cord/rule", "*yinnāṭeh*": "will be stretched out/will be extended" } }