Job 8:9

biblecontext

{ "verseID": "Job.8.9", "source": "כִּֽי־תְמ֣וֹל אֲ֭נַחְנוּ וְלֹ֣א נֵדָ֑ע כִּ֤י צֵ֖ל יָמֵ֣ינוּ עֲלֵי־אָֽרֶץ׃", "text": "For *tĕmôl ʾănaḥnû wĕ-lōʾ nēdāʿ kî ṣēl yāmênû ʿălê-ʾāreṣ*", "grammar": { "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*tĕmôl*": "adverb - yesterday/recently", "*ʾănaḥnû*": "personal pronoun 1st common plural - we", "*wĕ-lōʾ*": "conjunction + negative particle - and not", "*nēdāʿ*": "qal imperfect 1st common plural - we know", "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*ṣēl*": "noun masculine singular construct - shadow of", "*yāmênû*": "noun masculine plural construct + 1st common plural suffix - our days", "*ʿălê-ʾāreṣ*": "preposition + noun feminine singular - upon earth" }, "variants": { "*tĕmôl*": "yesterday/recently/before", "*nēdāʿ*": "know/understand/perceive", "*ṣēl*": "shadow/shade/darkness", "*yāmênû*": "our days/lifetime", "*ʾāreṣ*": "earth/land/ground" } }

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

כִּֽי־תְמ֣וֹל אֲ֭נַחְנוּ וְלֹ֣א נֵדָ֑ע כִּ֤י צֵ֖ל יָמֵ֣ינוּ עֲלֵי־אָֽרֶץ׃

Transliteration

For tĕmôl ʾănaḥnû wĕ-lōʾ nēdāʿ kî ṣēl yāmênû ʿălê-ʾāreṣ

Grammar Details

• *kî*: conjunction - for/because
• *tĕmôl*: adverb - yesterday/recently
• *ʾănaḥnû*: personal pronoun 1st common plural - we
• *wĕ-lōʾ*: conjunction + negative particle - and not
• *nēdāʿ*: qal imperfect 1st common plural - we know
• *ṣēl*: noun masculine singular construct - shadow of
• *yāmênû*: noun masculine plural construct + 1st common plural suffix - our days
• *ʿălê-ʾāreṣ*: preposition + noun feminine singular - upon earth

Word Meanings

• *tĕmôl*: yesterday/recently/before
• *nēdāʿ*: know/understand/perceive
• *ṣēl*: shadow/shade/darkness
• *yāmênû*: our days/lifetime
• *ʾāreṣ*: earth/land/ground

Other Translations

• Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts

  for we were only born yesterday and know nothing, and our days on earth are but a shadow.

• King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)

  (For we are but of yesterday, and know nothing, because our days upon earth are a shadow:)

• KJV1611 – Modern English

  (For we are but of yesterday, and know nothing, because our days on earth are a shadow:)

• King James Version 1611 (Original)

  (For we are but of yesterday, and know nothing, because our days upon earth are a shadow:)

• American Standard Version with Strong's Numbers

  (For we are but of yesterday,{H8543} and know{H3045} nothing, Because our days{H3117} upon earth{H776} are a shadow);{H6738}

• King James Version with Strong's Numbers

  (For we are but of yesterday{H8543}, and know{H3045}{(H8799)} nothing, because our days{H3117} upon earth{H776} are a shadow{H6738}:)

• Coverdale Bible (1535)

  Namely, yt we are but of yesterdaye, and considre not, that oure dayes vpon earth are buth a very shadow.

• Geneva Bible (1560)

  (For we are but of yesterday, and are ignorant: for our dayes vpon earth are but a shadowe)

• Bishops' Bible (1568)

  (For we are but of yesterday, and consider not that our dayes vpon earth are but a shadowe.)

• Authorized King James Version (1611)

  (For we [are but of] yesterday, and know nothing, because our days upon earth [are] a shadow:)

• Webster's Bible (1833)

  (For we are but of yesterday, and know nothing, Because our days on earth are a shadow.)

• Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

  (For of yesterday we `are', and we know not, For a shadow `are' our days on earth.)

• American Standard Version (1901)

  (For we are but of yesterday, and know nothing, Because our days upon earth are a shadow);

• American Standard Version (1901)

  (For we are but of yesterday, and know nothing, Because our days upon earth are a shadow);

• Bible in Basic English (1941)

  (For we are but of yesterday, and have no knowledge, because our days on earth are gone like a shade:)

• World English Bible (2000)

  (For we are but of yesterday, and know nothing, because our days on earth are a shadow.)

• NET Bible® (New English Translation)

  For we were born yesterday and do not have knowledge, since our days on earth are but a shadow.

Referenced Verses

• 1 Chr 29:15 : 15 { "verseID": "1 Chronicles.29.15", "source": "‫כִּֽי־גֵרִ֨ים אֲנַ֧חְנוּ לְפָנֶ֛יךָ וְתוֹשָׁבִ֖ים כְּכָל־אֲבֹתֵ֑ינוּ כַּצֵּ֧ל ׀ יָמֵ֛ינוּ עַל־הָאָ֖רֶץ וְאֵ֥ין מִקְוֶֽה׃‬", "text": "For-*gērîm* *ʾănaḥnû* before-you and-*tôšābîm* like-all-our-*ʾăbōtênû*; like-the-*ṣēl* our-*yāmênû* upon-the-*ʾāreṣ* and-without *miqweh*.", "grammar": { "*gērîm*": "noun, masculine plural - sojourners/foreigners", "*ʾănaḥnû*": "pronoun, 1st common plural - we", "*tôšābîm*": "noun, masculine plural - resident aliens/temporary dwellers", "*ʾăbōtênû*": "noun, masculine plural with 1st person plural suffix - our fathers", "*ṣēl*": "noun, masculine singular - shadow", "*yāmênû*": "noun, masculine plural with 1st person plural suffix - our days", "*ʾāreṣ*": "noun, feminine singular - earth/land", "*miqweh*": "noun, masculine singular - hope" }, "variants": { "*gērîm*": "sojourners/foreigners/resident aliens", "*tôšābîm*": "resident aliens/temporary dwellers/settlers", "*ṣēl*": "shadow/shade/protection", "*miqweh*": "hope/expectation/ground of hope" } }
• Job 14:2 : 2 { "verseID": "Job.14.2", "source": "כְּצִ֣יץ יָ֭צָא וַיִּמָּ֑ל וַיִּבְרַ֥ח כַּ֝צֵּ֗ל וְלֹ֣א יַעֲמֽוֹד׃", "text": "*kəṣîṣ* *yāṣāʾ* *wayyimmāl* *wayyibraḥ* *kaṣṣēl* *wəlōʾ* *yaʿămôd*", "grammar": { "*kəṣîṣ*": "preposition + noun, masculine, singular - like a flower/blossom", "*yāṣāʾ*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd person, masculine, singular - he comes forth", "*wayyimmāl*": "conjunction + verb, niphal imperfect, 3rd person, masculine, singular - and he is cut down/withers", "*wayyibraḥ*": "conjunction + verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person, masculine, singular - and he flees away", "*kaṣṣēl*": "preposition + definite article + noun, masculine, singular - like the shadow", "*wəlōʾ*": "conjunction + negative particle - and not", "*yaʿămôd*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person, masculine, singular - he stands/remains" }, "variants": { "*ṣîṣ*": "flower/blossom/bloom", "*yāṣāʾ*": "comes forth/emerges/sprouts", "*wayyimmāl*": "withers/fades/is cut down", "*wayyibraḥ*": "flees away/vanishes/escapes", "*ṣēl*": "shadow/shade/protection", "*yaʿămôd*": "stands/endures/remains/continues" } }
• Ps 144:4 : 4 { "verseID": "Psalms.144.4", "source": "אָ֭דָם לַהֶ֣בֶל דָּמָ֑ה יָ֝מָ֗יו כְּצֵ֣ל עוֹבֵֽר׃", "text": "*ʾĀdām* to the *hebel* *dāmâ*, his *yāmāyw* like *ṣēl* *ʿôbēr*.", "grammar": { "*ʾādām*": "noun masculine singular - mankind/human", "*lahebel*": "preposition + definite article + noun masculine singular - to the breath/vapor", "*dāmâ*": "Qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - is like/resembles", "*yāmāyw*": "noun masculine plural + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his days", "*kĕṣēl*": "preposition + noun masculine singular - like a shadow", "*ʿôbēr*": "Qal participle, masculine singular - passing/passing away" }, "variants": { "*ʾādām*": "man/mankind/humanity", "*hebel*": "breath/vapor/vanity/emptiness", "*dāmâ*": "is like/resembles/is comparable to", "*ṣēl*": "shadow/shade", "*ʿôbēr*": "passing/passing away/fleeting" } }
• Gen 47:9 : 9 { "verseID": "Genesis.47.9", "source": "וַיֹּ֤אמֶר יַעֲקֹב֙ אֶל־פַּרְעֹ֔ה יְמֵי֙ שְׁנֵ֣י מְגוּרַ֔י שְׁלֹשִׁ֥ים וּמְאַ֖ת שָׁנָ֑ה מְעַ֣ט וְרָעִ֗ים הָיוּ֙ יְמֵי֙ שְׁנֵ֣י חַיַּ֔י וְלֹ֣א הִשִּׂ֗יגוּ אֶת־יְמֵי֙ שְׁנֵי֙ חַיֵּ֣י אֲבֹתַ֔י בִּימֵ֖י מְגוּרֵיהֶֽם׃", "text": "*wə-yōʾmer* *ya'ăqōḇ* to *par'ōh* *yəmê* *šənê* *məḡûray* *šəlōšîm* *ûməʾaṯ* *šānāh* *mə'aṭ* *wə-rā'îm* *hāyû* *yəmê* *šənê* *ḥayyay* *wə-lōʾ* *hiśśîḡû* *ʾeṯ-yəmê* *šənê* *ḥayyê* *ʾăḇōṯay* in *bîmê* *məḡûrêhem*", "grammar": { "*wə-yōʾmer*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and said", "*ya'ăqōḇ*": "proper noun - Jacob", "*par'ōh*": "proper noun - Pharaoh", "*yəmê*": "noun masculine plural construct - days of", "*šənê*": "noun feminine plural construct - years of", "*məḡûray*": "noun masculine plural construct with 1st person common singular suffix - my sojourning", "*šəlōšîm*": "number cardinal common - thirty", "*ûməʾaṯ*": "conjunction + number cardinal feminine singular - and hundred", "*šānāh*": "noun feminine singular - year", "*mə'aṭ*": "adjective masculine singular - few", "*wə-rā'îm*": "conjunction + adjective masculine plural - and evil/troublesome", "*hāyû*": "Qal perfect 3rd common plural - have been", "*ḥayyay*": "noun masculine plural construct with 1st person common singular suffix - my life", "*wə-lōʾ*": "conjunction + negative particle - and not", "*hiśśîḡû*": "Hiphil perfect 3rd common plural - they have attained", "*ʾăḇōṯay*": "noun masculine plural construct with 1st person common singular suffix - my fathers", "*bîmê*": "preposition + noun masculine plural construct - in the days of", "*məḡûrêhem*": "noun masculine plural construct with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their sojourning" }, "variants": { "*məḡûray*": "my sojourning/my pilgrimage/my temporary residence", "*wə-rā'îm*": "evil/troublesome/difficult/unpleasant", "*hiśśîḡû*": "attained/reached/matched up to" } }
• Ps 102:11 : 11 { "verseID": "Psalms.102.11", "source": "מִפְּנֵֽי־זַֽעַמְךָ֥ וְקִצְפֶּ֑ךָ כִּ֥י נְ֝שָׂאתַ֗נִי וַתַּשְׁלִיכֵֽנִי׃", "text": "From before *zaʿamḵā* and *qiṣpeḵā* for *nᵉśāʾtanî* and *wattašlîḵēnî*", "grammar": { "*mippᵉnê*": "preposition + noun, masculine plural construct - from before/because of", "*zaʿamḵā*": "noun, masculine singular + 2nd masculine singular suffix - your indignation", "*wᵉ*": "conjunction - and", "*qiṣpeḵā*": "noun, masculine singular + 2nd masculine singular suffix - your wrath", "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*nᵉśāʾtanî*": "verb, Qal perfect, 2nd masculine singular + 1st person singular suffix - you lifted me up", "*wa*": "conjunction - and", "*ttašlîḵēnî*": "verb, Hiphil imperfect consecutive, 2nd masculine singular + 1st person singular suffix - you cast me down" }, "variants": { "*zaʿamḵā*": "your indignation/rage/fury", "*qiṣpeḵā*": "your wrath/anger", "*nᵉśāʾtanî*": "you lifted me up/carried me", "*wattašlîḵēnî*": "you cast me down/threw me away" } }
• Job 7:6 : 6 { "verseID": "Job.7.6", "source": "יָמַ֣י קַ֭לּוּ מִנִּי־אָ֑רֶג וַ֝יִּכְל֗וּ בְּאֶ֣פֶס תִּקְוָֽה", "text": "My *yāmay* *qallû* than-*'āreg* and *wayyiḵlû* in *'efes* *tiqwâ*", "grammar": { "*yāmay*": "noun, masculine plural + 1st person singular suffix - my days", "*qallû*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd person plural - they are swift/light", "*minnî*": "preposition - more than/from", "*'āreg*": "noun, masculine singular - weaver's shuttle", "*wa*": "conjunction - and", "*yiḵlû*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person plural - they end/are finished", "*bĕ*": "preposition - in/with", "*'efes*": "noun, masculine singular - end/nothing/without", "*tiqwâ*": "noun, feminine singular - hope/expectation" }, "variants": { "*yāmay*": "my days/my lifetime", "*qallû*": "are swift/are light/pass quickly", "*'āreg*": "weaver's shuttle/loom", "*yiḵlû*": "end/are finished/are consumed/are spent", "*'efes*": "end/nothing/cessation/without", "*tiqwâ*": "hope/expectation/prospect" } }
• Ps 39:5 : 5 { "verseID": "Psalms.39.5", "source": "הוֹדִ֘יעֵ֤נִי יְהוָ֨ה ׀ קִצִּ֗י וּמִדַּ֣ת יָמַ֣י מַה־הִ֑יא אֵ֝דְעָ֗ה מֶה־חָדֵ֥ל אָֽנִי׃", "text": "*hôdîʿēnî* *YHWH* *qiṣṣî* and-*middat* *yāmay* what-*hîʾ* *ʾēdəʿāh* what-*ḥādēl* *ʾānî*", "grammar": { "*hôdîʿēnî*": "verb, hiphil imperative masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix - make me know", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - the LORD", "*qiṣṣî*": "noun, masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix - my end", "*middat*": "noun, feminine singular construct with prefixed conjunction 'wə' - and the measure of", "*yāmay*": "noun, masculine plural with 1st person singular suffix - my days", "*hîʾ*": "pronoun, 3rd person feminine singular with interrogative 'mah' - what is it", "*ʾēdəʿāh*": "verb, qal imperfect 1st person singular cohortative - let me know", "*ḥādēl*": "adjective with interrogative 'meh' - how transient/frail", "*ʾānî*": "pronoun, 1st person singular - I (am)" }, "variants": { "*hôdîʿēnî*": "cause me to know/make me know/inform me", "*qiṣṣî*": "my end/limit/boundary", "*middat*": "measure/extent/proportion", "*yāmay*": "my days/lifetime", "*ʾēdəʿāh*": "let me know/understand/perceive", "*ḥādēl*": "transient/frail/fleeting/ceasing" } }
• Ps 90:4 : 4 { "verseID": "Psalms.90.4", "source": "כִּ֤י אֶ֪לֶף שָׁנִ֡ים בְּֽעֵינֶ֗יךָ כְּי֣וֹם אֶ֭תְמוֹל כִּ֣י יַעֲבֹ֑ר וְאַשְׁמוּרָ֥ה בַלָּֽיְלָה׃", "text": "For *ʾelep̄* *šānîm* in *ʿênêḵā* like *yôm* *ʾeṯmôl* when it *yaʿăḇōr*, and *ʾašmûrâ* in *lāylâ*.", "grammar": { "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*ʾelep̄*": "masculine singular - thousand", "*šānîm*": "feminine plural - years", "*bĕʿênêḵā*": "preposition + feminine dual + 2nd masculine singular suffix - in your eyes", "*kĕyôm*": "preposition + masculine singular - like day", "*ʾeṯmôl*": "adverb - yesterday", "*kî*": "conjunction - when/for", "*yaʿăḇōr*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - passes/passes away", "*wĕʾašmûrâ*": "conjunction + feminine singular - and watch/night watch", "*ballāylâ*": "preposition + definite article + masculine singular - in the night" }, "variants": { "*ʾelep̄ šānîm*": "thousand years/millennium", "*ʿênêḵā*": "your eyes/your sight/your perspective", "*ʾeṯmôl*": "yesterday/recent past", "*yaʿăḇōr*": "passes/passes away/has passed", "*ʾašmûrâ*": "watch/night watch/period of night guard duty (about 4 hours)", "*lāylâ*": "night/darkness" } }