20{
"verseID": "Exodus.14.20",
"source": "וַיָּבֹ֞א בֵּ֣ין ׀ מַחֲנֵ֣ה מִצְרַ֗יִם וּבֵין֙ מַחֲנֵ֣ה יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל וַיְהִ֤י הֶֽעָנָן֙ וְהַחֹ֔שֶׁךְ וַיָּ֖אֶר אֶת־הַלָּ֑יְלָה וְלֹא־קָרַ֥ב זֶ֛ה אֶל־זֶ֖ה כָּל־הַלָּֽיְלָה",
"text": "*wa-yyāḇōʾ* *bên* *maḥănēh* *Miṣrayim* *û-ḇên* *maḥănēh* *Yiśrāʾēl* *wa-yəhî* *he-ʿānān* *wə-ha-ḥōšeḵ* *wa-yyāʾer* *ʾeṯ*-*ha-lāylāh* *wə-lōʾ*-*qāraḇ* *zeh* *ʾel*-*zeh* *kol*-*ha-lāylāh*",
"grammar": {
"*wa-yyāḇōʾ*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and it came",
"*bên*": "preposition - between",
"*maḥănēh*": "noun, masculine singular construct - camp of",
"*Miṣrayim*": "proper noun - Egypt/Egyptians",
"*û-ḇên*": "conjunction + preposition - and between",
"*maḥănēh*": "noun, masculine singular construct - camp of",
"*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel",
"*wa-yəhî*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and there was",
"*he-ʿānān*": "article + noun, masculine singular - the cloud",
"*wə-ha-ḥōšeḵ*": "conjunction + article + noun, masculine singular - and the darkness",
"*wa-yyāʾer*": "conjunction + Hiphil imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and it gave light to",
"*ʾeṯ*": "direct object marker",
"*ha-lāylāh*": "article + noun, masculine singular - the night",
"*wə-lōʾ*": "conjunction + negative particle - and not",
"*qāraḇ*": "Qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - approached",
"*zeh*": "demonstrative pronoun, masculine singular - this",
"*ʾel*": "preposition - to",
"*zeh*": "demonstrative pronoun, masculine singular - that",
"*kol*": "noun, masculine singular construct - all",
"*ha-lāylāh*": "article + noun, masculine singular - the night"
},
"variants": {
"*wa-yyāḇōʾ*": "and it came/and it entered/and it went",
"*wa-yəhî*": "and there was/and it became",
"*he-ʿānān wə-ha-ḥōšeḵ*": "the cloud and the darkness",
"*wa-yyāʾer*": "and it gave light to/and it illuminated",
"*wə-lōʾ-qāraḇ*": "and did not approach/and did not come near",
"*zeh ʾel-zeh*": "this to that/one to the other"
}
}
21{
"verseID": "Exodus.14.21",
"source": "וַיֵּ֨ט מֹשֶׁ֣ה אֶת־יָדוֹ֮ עַל־הַיָּם֒ וַיּ֣וֹלֶךְ יְהוָ֣ה ׀ אֶת־הַ֠יָּם בְּר֨וּחַ קָדִ֤ים עַזָּה֙ כָּל־הַלַּ֔יְלָה וַיָּ֥שֶׂם אֶת־הַיָּ֖ם לֶחָרָבָ֑ה וַיִּבָּקְע֖וּ הַמָּֽיִם",
"text": "*wa-yyēṭ* *Mōšeh* *ʾeṯ*-*yādô* *ʿal*-*ha-yām* *wa-yyôleḵ* *YHWH* *ʾeṯ*-*ha-yām* *bə-rûaḥ* *qādîm* *ʿazzāh* *kol*-*ha-laylāh* *wa-yyāśem* *ʾeṯ*-*ha-yām* *le-ḥārāḇāh* *wa-yyibbāqəʿû* *ha-māyim*",
"grammar": {
"*wa-yyēṭ*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he stretched out",
"*Mōšeh*": "proper noun - Moses",
"*ʾeṯ*": "direct object marker",
"*yādô*": "noun, feminine singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his hand",
"*ʿal*": "preposition - over",
"*ha-yām*": "article + noun, masculine singular - the sea",
"*wa-yyôleḵ*": "conjunction + Hiphil imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he caused to go",
"*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name - Yahweh/LORD",
"*ʾeṯ*": "direct object marker",
"*ha-yām*": "article + noun, masculine singular - the sea",
"*bə-rûaḥ*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular construct - by a wind of",
"*qādîm*": "noun, masculine singular - east",
"*ʿazzāh*": "adjective, feminine singular - strong",
"*kol*": "noun, masculine singular construct - all",
"*ha-laylāh*": "article + noun, masculine singular - the night",
"*wa-yyāśem*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he made",
"*ʾeṯ*": "direct object marker",
"*ha-yām*": "article + noun, masculine singular - the sea",
"*le-ḥārāḇāh*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular - into dry land",
"*wa-yyibbāqəʿû*": "conjunction + Niphal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - and they were divided",
"*ha-māyim*": "article + noun, masculine plural - the waters"
},
"variants": {
"*wa-yyēṭ*": "and he stretched out/and he extended",
"*wa-yyôleḵ*": "and he caused to go/and he drove back",
"*bə-rûaḥ qādîm ʿazzāh*": "by a strong east wind",
"*wa-yyāśem*": "and he made/and he turned",
"*le-ḥārāḇāh*": "into dry land/into dry ground",
"*wa-yyibbāqəʿû*": "and they were divided/and they were split"
}
}
22{
"verseID": "Exodus.14.22",
"source": "וַיָּבֹ֧אוּ בְנֵֽי־יִשְׂרָאֵ֛ל בְּת֥וֹךְ הַיָּ֖ם בַּיַּבָּשָׁ֑ה וְהַמַּ֤יִם לָהֶם֙ חֹמָ֔ה מִֽימִינָ֖ם וּמִשְּׂמֹאלָֽם",
"text": "*wa-yyāḇōʾû* *ḇənê*-*Yiśrāʾēl* *bə-ṯôḵ* *ha-yām* *ba-yyabbāšāh* *wə-ha-mmayim* *lāhem* *ḥōmāh* *mî-mînām* *û-mi-śśəmōʾlām*",
"grammar": {
"*wa-yyāḇōʾû*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - and they came/went",
"*ḇənê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - sons of",
"*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel",
"*bə-ṯôḵ*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular construct - into the midst of",
"*ha-yām*": "article + noun, masculine singular - the sea",
"*ba-yyabbāšāh*": "preposition + article + noun, feminine singular - on the dry land",
"*wə-ha-mmayim*": "conjunction + article + noun, masculine plural - and the waters",
"*lāhem*": "preposition + 3rd masculine plural suffix - for them",
"*ḥōmāh*": "noun, feminine singular - wall",
"*mî-mînām*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular + 3rd masculine plural suffix - on their right",
"*û-mi-śśəmōʾlām*": "conjunction + preposition + noun, feminine singular + 3rd masculine plural suffix - and on their left"
},
"variants": {
"*wa-yyāḇōʾû*": "and they came/and they went/and they entered",
"*bə-ṯôḵ*": "into the midst of/through",
"*ba-yyabbāšāh*": "on the dry land/on dry ground",
"*ḥōmāh*": "wall/barrier",
"*mî-mînām*": "on their right/at their right side",
"*û-mi-śśəmōʾlām*": "and on their left/and at their left side"
}
}
23{
"verseID": "Exodus.14.23",
"source": "וַיִּרְדְּפ֤וּ מִצְרַ֙יִם֙ וַיָּבֹ֣אוּ אַחֲרֵיהֶ֔ם כֹּ֚ל ס֣וּס פַּרְעֹ֔ה רִכְבּ֖וֹ וּפָרָשָׁ֑יו אֶל־תּ֖וֹךְ הַיָּֽם",
"text": "*wa-yyirdəphû* *Miṣrayim* *wa-yyāḇōʾû* *ʾaḥărêhem* *kōl* *sûs* *Parʿōh* *riḵbô* *û-phārāšâw* *ʾel*-*tôḵ* *ha-yām*",
"grammar": {
"*wa-yyirdəphû*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - and they pursued",
"*Miṣrayim*": "proper noun - Egypt/Egyptians",
"*wa-yyāḇōʾû*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - and they came/went",
"*ʾaḥărêhem*": "preposition + 3rd masculine plural suffix - after them",
"*kōl*": "noun, masculine singular construct - all",
"*sûs*": "noun, masculine singular construct - horses of",
"*Parʿōh*": "proper noun - Pharaoh",
"*riḵbô*": "noun, masculine singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his chariots",
"*û-phārāšâw*": "conjunction + noun, masculine plural + 3rd masculine singular suffix - and his horsemen",
"*ʾel*": "preposition - into",
"*tôḵ*": "noun, masculine singular construct - midst of",
"*ha-yām*": "article + noun, masculine singular - the sea"
},
"variants": {
"*wa-yyirdəphû*": "and they pursued/and they chased",
"*wa-yyāḇōʾû*": "and they came/and they went/and they entered",
"*kōl sûs Parʿōh*": "all Pharaoh's horses",
"*riḵbô û-phārāšâw*": "his chariots and his horsemen",
"*ʾel-tôḵ*": "into the midst of/into"
}
}
24{
"verseID": "Exodus.14.24",
"source": "וַֽיְהִי֙ בְּאַשְׁמֹ֣רֶת הַבֹּ֔קֶר וַיַּשְׁקֵ֤ף יְהוָה֙ אֶל־מַחֲנֵ֣ה מִצְרַ֔יִם בְּעַמּ֥וּד אֵ֖שׁ וְעָנָ֑ן וַיָּ֕הָם אֵ֖ת מַחֲנֵ֥ה מִצְרָֽיִם",
"text": "*wa-yəhî* *bə-ʾašmōreṯ* *ha-bōqer* *wa-yyašqēph* *YHWH* *ʾel*-*maḥănēh* *Miṣrayim* *bə-ʿammûd* *ʾēš* *wə-ʿānān* *wa-yyāhom* *ʾēṯ* *maḥănēh* *Miṣrāyim*",
"grammar": {
"*wa-yəhî*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and it came to pass",
"*bə-ʾašmōreṯ*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular construct - in the watch of",
"*ha-bōqer*": "article + noun, masculine singular - the morning",
"*wa-yyašqēph*": "conjunction + Hiphil imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he looked down",
"*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name - Yahweh/LORD",
"*ʾel*": "preposition - upon",
"*maḥănēh*": "noun, masculine singular construct - camp of",
"*Miṣrayim*": "proper noun - Egypt/Egyptians",
"*bə-ʿammûd*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular construct - in the pillar of",
"*ʾēš*": "noun, feminine singular - fire",
"*wə-ʿānān*": "conjunction + noun, masculine singular - and cloud",
"*wa-yyāhom*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he confused",
"*ʾēṯ*": "direct object marker",
"*maḥănēh*": "noun, masculine singular construct - camp of",
"*Miṣrāyim*": "proper noun - Egypt/Egyptians"
},
"variants": {
"*wa-yəhî*": "and it came to pass/and it happened",
"*bə-ʾašmōreṯ ha-bōqer*": "in the morning watch",
"*wa-yyašqēph*": "and he looked down/and he gazed/and he observed",
"*bə-ʿammûd ʾēš wə-ʿānān*": "in the pillar of fire and cloud",
"*wa-yyāhom*": "and he confused/and he troubled/and he threw into panic"
}
}
25{
"verseID": "Exodus.14.25",
"source": "וַיָּ֗סַר אֵ֚ת אֹפַ֣ן מַרְכְּבֹתָ֔יו וַֽיְנַהֲגֵ֖הוּ בִּכְבֵדֻ֑ת וַיֹּ֣אמֶר מִצְרַ֗יִם אָנ֙וּסָה֙ מִפְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל כִּ֣י יְהוָ֔ה נִלְחָ֥ם לָהֶ֖ם בְּמִצְרָֽיִם",
"text": "*wa-yyāsar* *ʾēṯ* *ʾōphan* *markəḇōṯâw* *wa-yənahăḡēhû* *bi-ḵəḇēduṯ* *wa-yyōʾmer* *Miṣrayim* *ʾānûsāh* *mi-ppənê* *Yiśrāʾēl* *kî* *YHWH* *nilḥām* *lāhem* *bə-Miṣrāyim*",
"grammar": {
"*wa-yyāsar*": "conjunction + Hiphil imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he removed",
"*ʾēṯ*": "direct object marker",
"*ʾōphan*": "noun, masculine singular construct - wheel of",
"*markəḇōṯâw*": "noun, feminine plural + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his chariots",
"*wa-yənahăḡēhû*": "conjunction + Piel imperfect, 3rd masculine singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - and drove it",
"*bi-ḵəḇēduṯ*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular - with heaviness/difficulty",
"*wa-yyōʾmer*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and said",
"*Miṣrayim*": "proper noun - Egypt/Egyptians",
"*ʾānûsāh*": "Qal imperfect cohortative, 1st common singular - let me flee",
"*mi-ppənê*": "preposition + noun, plural construct - from before",
"*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel",
"*kî*": "conjunction - for/because",
"*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name - Yahweh/LORD",
"*nilḥām*": "Niphal participle, masculine singular - fighting",
"*lāhem*": "preposition + 3rd masculine plural suffix - for them",
"*bə-Miṣrāyim*": "preposition + proper noun - against Egypt/Egyptians"
},
"variants": {
"*wa-yyāsar*": "and he removed/and he took off",
"*ʾōphan markəḇōṯâw*": "the wheel of his chariots/the wheels of his chariots",
"*wa-yənahăḡēhû*": "and drove it/and he led it",
"*bi-ḵəḇēduṯ*": "with heaviness/with difficulty/clumsily",
"*ʾānûsāh*": "let me flee/I will flee",
"*nilḥām*": "fighting/is fighting",
"*bə-Miṣrāyim*": "against Egypt/against the Egyptians"
}
}
26{
"verseID": "Exodus.14.26",
"source": "וַיֹּ֤אמֶר יְהוָה֙ אֶל־מֹשֶׁ֔ה נְטֵ֥ה אֶת־יָדְךָ֖ עַל־הַיָּ֑ם וְיָשֻׁ֤בוּ הַמַּ֙יִם֙ עַל־מִצְרַ֔יִם עַל־רִכְבּ֖וֹ וְעַל־פָּרָשָֽׁיו",
"text": "*wa-yyōmer* *YHWH* *ʾel*-*Mōšeh* *nəṭēh* *ʾeṯ*-*yādəḵā* *ʿal*-*ha-yām* *wə-yāšuḇû* *ha-mmayim* *ʿal*-*Miṣrayim* *ʿal*-*riḵbô* *wə-ʿal*-*pārāšâw*",
"grammar": {
"*wa-yyōmer*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he said",
"*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name - Yahweh/LORD",
"*ʾel*": "preposition - to",
"*Mōšeh*": "proper noun - Moses",
"*nəṭēh*": "Qal imperative, masculine singular - stretch out",
"*ʾeṯ*": "direct object marker",
"*yādəḵā*": "noun, feminine singular + 2nd masculine singular suffix - your hand",
"*ʿal*": "preposition - over",
"*ha-yām*": "article + noun, masculine singular - the sea",
"*wə-yāšuḇû*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - and they will return",
"*ha-mmayim*": "article + noun, masculine plural - the waters",
"*ʿal*": "preposition - upon",
"*Miṣrayim*": "proper noun - Egypt/Egyptians",
"*ʿal*": "preposition - upon",
"*riḵbô*": "noun, masculine singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his chariots",
"*wə-ʿal*": "conjunction + preposition - and upon",
"*pārāšâw*": "noun, masculine plural + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his horsemen"
},
"variants": {
"*nəṭēh*": "stretch out/extend",
"*wə-yāšuḇû*": "and they will return/and they will come back",
"*ʿal-Miṣrayim*": "upon Egypt/upon the Egyptians",
"*ʿal-riḵbô*": "upon his chariots/over his chariots"
}
}
27{
"verseID": "Exodus.14.27",
"source": "וַיֵּט֩ מֹשֶׁ֨ה אֶת־יָד֜וֹ עַל־הַיָּ֗ם וַיָּ֨שָׁב הַיָּ֜ם לִפְנ֥וֹת בֹּ֙קֶר֙ לְאֵ֣יתָנ֔וֹ וּמִצְרַ֖יִם נָסִ֣ים לִקְרָאת֑וֹ וַיְנַעֵ֧ר יְהוָ֛ה אֶת־מִצְרַ֖יִם בְּת֥וֹךְ הַיָּֽם",
"text": "*wa-yyēṭ* *Mōšeh* *ʾeṯ*-*yādô* *ʿal*-*ha-yām* *wa-yyāšoḇ* *ha-yām* *li-phnôṯ* *bōqer* *lə-ʾêṯānô* *û-Miṣrayim* *nāsîm* *li-qrāʾṯô* *wa-yənaʿēr* *YHWH* *ʾeṯ*-*Miṣrayim* *bə-ṯôḵ* *ha-yām*",
"grammar": {
"*wa-yyēṭ*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he stretched out",
"*Mōšeh*": "proper noun - Moses",
"*ʾeṯ*": "direct object marker",
"*yādô*": "noun, feminine singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his hand",
"*ʿal*": "preposition - over",
"*ha-yām*": "article + noun, masculine singular - the sea",
"*wa-yyāšoḇ*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and it returned",
"*ha-yām*": "article + noun, masculine singular - the sea",
"*li-phnôṯ*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct - at the turning of",
"*bōqer*": "noun, masculine singular - morning",
"*lə-ʾêṯānô*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - to its strength",
"*û-Miṣrayim*": "conjunction + proper noun - and Egypt/Egyptians",
"*nāsîm*": "Qal participle, masculine plural - fleeing",
"*li-qrāʾṯô*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct + 3rd masculine singular suffix - to meet it",
"*wa-yənaʿēr*": "conjunction + Piel imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he shook off",
"*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name - Yahweh/LORD",
"*ʾeṯ*": "direct object marker",
"*Miṣrayim*": "proper noun - Egypt/Egyptians",
"*bə-ṯôḵ*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular construct - in the midst of",
"*ha-yām*": "article + noun, masculine singular - the sea"
},
"variants": {
"*wa-yyēṭ*": "and he stretched out/and he extended",
"*wa-yyāšoḇ*": "and it returned/and it came back",
"*li-phnôṯ bōqer*": "at the turning of morning/at daybreak",
"*lə-ʾêṯānô*": "to its strength/to its normal state/to its place",
"*nāsîm*": "fleeing/running",
"*li-qrāʾṯô*": "to meet it/toward it",
"*wa-yənaʿēr*": "and he shook off/and he overthrew/and he tossed"
}
}