16 {
"verseID": "Judges.1.16",
"source": "וּבְנֵ֣י קֵינִי֩ חֹתֵ֨ן מֹשֶׁ֜ה עָל֨וּ מֵעִ֤יר הַתְּמָרִים֙ אֶת־בְּנֵ֣י יְהוּדָ֔ה מִדְבַּ֣ר יְהוּדָ֔ה אֲשֶׁ֖ר בְּנֶ֣גֶב עֲרָ֑ד וַיֵּ֖לֶךְ וַיֵּ֥שֶׁב אֶת־הָעָֽם׃",
"text": "And *bənê* *qênî* *ḥōtēn* *mōšeh* *ʿālû* from *ʿîr* the *təmārîm* with *bənê* *yəhûdāh* to *midbār* *yəhûdāh* which in *negeb* *ʿărād* and *yēlek* and *yēšeb* with the *ʿām*.",
"grammar": {
"*bənê*": "construct state, masculine plural - sons of",
"*qênî*": "proper noun, Kenite",
"*ḥōtēn*": "construct state, masculine singular - father-in-law of",
"*mōšeh*": "proper noun, Moses",
"*ʿālû*": "qal perfect, 3rd plural - they went up",
"*ʿîr*": "construct state, feminine singular - city of",
"*təmārîm*": "common noun, masculine plural - palms/palm trees",
"*bənê*": "construct state, masculine plural - sons/people of",
"*yəhûdāh*": "proper noun, Judah",
"*midbār*": "common noun, masculine singular - wilderness/desert of",
"*negeb*": "common noun, masculine singular - south/negev",
"*ʿărād*": "proper noun, Arad",
"*yēlek*": "qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd masculine singular - and he went",
"*yēšeb*": "qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd masculine singular - and he dwelt/settled",
"*ʿām*": "common noun, masculine singular - people"
},
"variants": {
"*qênî*": "Kenite/Kenites (tribe name)",
"*ʿîr* *təmārîm*": "City of Palms (Jericho)",
"*midbār*": "wilderness/desert/uncultivated region",
"*negeb*": "south/southern region/Negev",
"*yēlek*": "went/proceeded/journeyed",
"*yēšeb*": "dwelt/settled/lived among"
}
}
17 {
"verseID": "Judges.1.17",
"source": "וַיֵּ֤לֶךְ יְהוּדָה֙ אֶת־שִׁמְע֣וֹן אָחִ֔יו וַיַּכּ֕וּ אֶת־הַֽכְּנַעֲנִ֖י יוֹשֵׁ֣ב צְפַ֑ת וַיַּחֲרִ֣ימוּ אוֹתָ֔הּ וַיִּקְרָ֥א אֶת־שֵׁם־הָעִ֖יר חָרְמָֽה׃",
"text": "And *yēlek* *yəhûdāh* with *šimʿôn* *ʾāḥîw* and *yakkû* the *kənaʿănî* *yôšēb* *ṣəpat* and *yaḥărîmû* *ʾôtāh* and *yiqrāʾ* the *šēm* of the *ʿîr* *ḥormāh*.",
"grammar": {
"*yēlek*": "qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd masculine singular - and he went",
"*yəhûdāh*": "proper noun, Judah",
"*šimʿôn*": "proper noun, Simeon",
"*ʾāḥîw*": "noun with 3rd masculine singular possessive suffix - his brother",
"*yakkû*": "hiphil imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd plural - and they struck/smote",
"*kənaʿănî*": "proper noun with definite article, Canaanite",
"*yôšēb*": "qal participle, masculine singular - dwelling/inhabiting",
"*ṣəpat*": "proper noun, Zephath",
"*yaḥărîmû*": "hiphil imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd plural - and they utterly destroyed/devoted to destruction",
"*ʾôtāh*": "direct object marker with 3rd feminine singular suffix - her/it",
"*yiqrāʾ*": "qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd masculine singular - and he called",
"*šēm*": "common noun, masculine singular - name",
"*ʿîr*": "common noun, feminine singular with definite article - the city",
"*ḥormāh*": "proper noun, Hormah"
},
"variants": {
"*yēlek*": "went/proceeded with",
"*yakkû*": "struck/smote/defeated",
"*yôšēb*": "inhabitant of/dwelling in",
"*yaḥărîmû*": "devoted to destruction/utterly destroyed/placed under ban",
"*ḥormāh*": "destruction/devoted to destruction (name meaning)"
}
}
18 {
"verseID": "Judges.1.18",
"source": "וַיִּלְכֹּ֤ד יְהוּדָה֙ אֶת־עַזָּ֣ה וְאֶת־גְּבוּלָ֔הּ וְאֶֽת־אַשְׁקְל֖וֹן וְאֶת־גְּבוּלָ֑הּ וְאֶת־עֶקְר֖וֹן וְאֶת־גְּבוּלָֽהּ׃",
"text": "And *yilkōd* *yəhûdāh* *ʿazzāh* and *gəbûlāh* and *ʾašqəlôn* and *gəbûlāh* and *ʿeqrôn* and *gəbûlāh*.",
"grammar": {
"*yilkōd*": "qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd masculine singular - and he captured/took",
"*yəhûdāh*": "proper noun, Judah",
"*ʿazzāh*": "proper noun, Gaza",
"*gəbûlāh*": "common noun, masculine singular with 3rd feminine singular suffix - its border/territory",
"*ʾašqəlôn*": "proper noun, Ashkelon",
"*ʿeqrôn*": "proper noun, Ekron"
},
"variants": {
"*yilkōd*": "captured/seized/took possession of",
"*gəbûlāh*": "border/territory/surrounding region"
}
}
19 {
"verseID": "Judges.1.19",
"source": "וַיְהִ֤י יְהוָה֙ אֶתּ־יְהוּדָ֔ה וַיֹּ֖רֶשׁ אֶת־הָהָ֑ר כִּ֣י לֹ֤א לְהוֹרִישׁ֙ אֶת־יֹשְׁבֵ֣י הָעֵ֔מֶק כִּי־רֶ֥כֶב בַּרְזֶ֖ל לָהֶֽם׃",
"text": "And *yəhî* *YHWH* with *yəhûdāh* and *yōreš* the *hāhār* because not *ləhôrîš* the *yōšəbê* the *hāʿēmeq* because *rekeb* *barzel* to them.",
"grammar": {
"*yəhî*": "qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd masculine singular - and he was",
"*YHWH*": "proper noun, Yahweh/LORD",
"*yəhûdāh*": "proper noun, Judah",
"*yōreš*": "hiphil imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd masculine singular - and he took possession of/drove out",
"*hāhār*": "common noun, masculine singular with definite article - the mountain/hill country",
"*ləhôrîš*": "hiphil infinitive construct with preposition - to drive out/dispossess",
"*yōšəbê*": "qal participle, masculine plural construct - inhabitants of",
"*hāʿēmeq*": "common noun, masculine singular with definite article - the valley/plain",
"*rekeb*": "common noun, masculine singular - chariot(s)",
"*barzel*": "common noun, masculine singular - iron"
},
"variants": {
"*yəhî*": "was/became with (indicating divine presence/help)",
"*yōreš*": "dispossessed/drove out/took possession of",
"*hāhār*": "hill country/mountain region",
"*ləhôrîš*": "to dispossess/drive out/take possession from",
"*hāʿēmeq*": "valley/lowland/plain",
"*rekeb* *barzel*": "iron chariots (military equipment)"
}
}
20 {
"verseID": "Judges.1.20",
"source": "וַיִּתְּנ֤וּ לְכָלֵב֙ אֶת־חֶבְר֔וֹן כּֽ͏ַאֲשֶׁ֖ר דִּבֶּ֣ר מֹשֶׁ֑ה וַיּ֣וֹרֶשׁ מִשָּׁ֔ם אֶת־שְׁלֹשָׁ֖ה בְּנֵ֥י הָעֲנָֽק׃",
"text": "And *yittənû* to *kālēb* *ḥebrôn* as *dibber* *mōšeh* and *yôreš* from there the three *bənê* the *ʿănāq*.",
"grammar": {
"*yittənû*": "qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd plural - and they gave",
"*kālēb*": "proper noun, Caleb",
"*ḥebrôn*": "proper noun, Hebron",
"*dibber*": "piel perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he spoke/had spoken",
"*mōšeh*": "proper noun, Moses",
"*yôreš*": "hiphil imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd masculine singular - and he drove out/dispossessed",
"*bənê*": "common noun, masculine plural construct - sons of",
"*ʿănāq*": "proper noun with definite article, Anak"
},
"variants": {
"*yittənû*": "gave/assigned/allotted",
"*dibber*": "spoke/promised/commanded",
"*yôreš*": "drove out/dispossessed/expelled",
"*bənê* *ʿănāq*": "sons of Anak/Anakim (giants)"
}
}