Judges 1:16

biblecontext

{ "verseID": "Judges.1.16", "source": "וּבְנֵ֣י קֵינִי֩ חֹתֵ֨ן מֹשֶׁ֜ה עָל֨וּ מֵעִ֤יר הַתְּמָרִים֙ אֶת־בְּנֵ֣י יְהוּדָ֔ה מִדְבַּ֣ר יְהוּדָ֔ה אֲשֶׁ֖ר בְּנֶ֣גֶב עֲרָ֑ד וַיֵּ֖לֶךְ וַיֵּ֥שֶׁב אֶת־הָעָֽם׃", "text": "And *bənê* *qênî* *ḥōtēn* *mōšeh* *ʿālû* from *ʿîr* the *təmārîm* with *bənê* *yəhûdāh* to *midbār* *yəhûdāh* which in *negeb* *ʿărād* and *yēlek* and *yēšeb* with the *ʿām*.", "grammar": { "*bənê*": "construct state, masculine plural - sons of", "*qênî*": "proper noun, Kenite", "*ḥōtēn*": "construct state, masculine singular - father-in-law of", "*mōšeh*": "proper noun, Moses", "*ʿālû*": "qal perfect, 3rd plural - they went up", "*ʿîr*": "construct state, feminine singular - city of", "*təmārîm*": "common noun, masculine plural - palms/palm trees", "*bənê*": "construct state, masculine plural - sons/people of", "*yəhûdāh*": "proper noun, Judah", "*midbār*": "common noun, masculine singular - wilderness/desert of", "*negeb*": "common noun, masculine singular - south/negev", "*ʿărād*": "proper noun, Arad", "*yēlek*": "qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd masculine singular - and he went", "*yēšeb*": "qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd masculine singular - and he dwelt/settled", "*ʿām*": "common noun, masculine singular - people" }, "variants": { "*qênî*": "Kenite/Kenites (tribe name)", "*ʿîr* *təmārîm*": "City of Palms (Jericho)", "*midbār*": "wilderness/desert/uncultivated region", "*negeb*": "south/southern region/Negev", "*yēlek*": "went/proceeded/journeyed", "*yēšeb*": "dwelt/settled/lived among" } }

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

וּבְנֵ֣י קֵינִי֩ חֹתֵ֨ן מֹשֶׁ֜ה עָל֨וּ מֵעִ֤יר הַתְּמָרִים֙ אֶת־בְּנֵ֣י יְהוּדָ֔ה מִדְבַּ֣ר יְהוּדָ֔ה אֲשֶׁ֖ר בְּנֶ֣גֶב עֲרָ֑ד וַיֵּ֖לֶךְ וַיֵּ֥שֶׁב אֶת־הָעָֽם׃

Transliteration

And bənê qênî ḥōtēn mōšeh ʿālû from ʿîr the təmārîm with bənê yəhûdāh to midbār yəhûdāh which in negeb ʿărād and yēlek and yēšeb with the ʿām.

Grammar Details

• *bənê*: construct state, masculine plural - sons/people of
• *qênî*: proper noun, Kenite
• *ḥōtēn*: construct state, masculine singular - father-in-law of
• *mōšeh*: proper noun, Moses
• *ʿālû*: qal perfect, 3rd plural - they went up
• *ʿîr*: construct state, feminine singular - city of
• *təmārîm*: common noun, masculine plural - palms/palm trees
• *yəhûdāh*: proper noun, Judah
• *midbār*: common noun, masculine singular - wilderness/desert of
• *negeb*: common noun, masculine singular - south/negev
• *ʿărād*: proper noun, Arad
• *yēlek*: qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd masculine singular - and he went
• *yēšeb*: qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd masculine singular - and he dwelt/settled
• *ʿām*: common noun, masculine singular - people

Word Meanings

• *qênî*: Kenite/Kenites (tribe name)
• *ʿîr* *təmārîm*: City of Palms (Jericho)
• *midbār*: wilderness/desert/uncultivated region
• *negeb*: south/southern region/Negev
• *yēlek*: went/proceeded/journeyed
• *yēšeb*: dwelt/settled/lived among

Other Translations

• Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts

  The descendants of the Kenite, Moses' father-in-law, went up with the people of Judah from the City of Palms to the wilderness of Judah in the Negev near Arad. They went and lived among the people there.

• King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)

  And the children of the Kenite, Moses' father in law, went up out of the city of palm trees with the children of Judah into the wilderness of Judah, which lieth in the south of Arad; and they went and dwelt among the people.

• KJV1611 – Modern English

  And the children of the Kenite, Moses' father-in-law, went up out of the City of Palms with the children of Judah into the wilderness of Judah, which lies in the south of Arad; and they went and dwelt among the people.

• King James Version 1611 (Original)

  And the children of the Kenite, Moses' father in law, went up out of the city of palm trees with the children of Judah into the wilderness of Judah, which lieth in the south of Arad; and they went and dwelt among the people.

• American Standard Version with Strong's Numbers

  And the children of the Kenite, Moses' brother-in-law, went up out of the city of palm-trees with the children of Judah into the wilderness of Judah, which is in the south of Arad; and they went and dwelt with the people.

• King James Version with Strong's Numbers

  And the children of the Kenite, Moses' father in law, went up out of the city of palm trees with the children of Judah into the wilderness of Judah, which lieth in the south of Arad; and they went and dwelt among the people.

• Coverdale Bible (1535)

  And the childre of ye Kenyte Moses brother in lawe, wente vp out of the palme cite, with the children of Iuda in to the wyldernesse of Iuda, that lyeth on ye south syde of the cite Arad: and wente their waye, & dwelt amonge the people.

• Geneva Bible (1560)

  And the childre of Keni Moses father in law went vp out of the citie of the palme trees with the children of Iudah, into the wildernesse of Iudah, that lieth in the South of Arad, & went and dwelt among the people.

• Bishops' Bible (1568)

  And the childre of the Kenite Moyses father in lawe, went vp out of the citie of paulme trees with the children of Iuda, into the wildernesse of Iuda, that lieth in the south of Arad, and they went and dwelt among the people.

• Authorized King James Version (1611)

  And the children of the Kenite, Moses' father in law, went up out of the city of palm trees with the children of Judah into the wilderness of Judah, which [lieth] in the south of Arad; and they went and dwelt among the people.

• Webster's Bible (1833)

  The children of the Kenite, Moses' brother-in-law, went up out of the city of palm trees with the children of Judah into the wilderness of Judah, which is in the south of Arad; and they went and lived with the people.

• Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

  And the sons of the Kenite, father-in-law of Moses, have gone up out of the city of palms with the sons of Judah `to' the wilderness of Judah, which `is' in the south of Arad, and they go and dwell with the people.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  And the children of the Kenite, Moses' brother-in-law, went up out of the city of palm-trees with the children of Judah into the wilderness of Judah, which is in the south of Arad; and they went and dwelt with the people.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  And the children of the Kenite, Moses' brother-in-law, went up out of the city of palm-trees with the children of Judah into the wilderness of Judah, which is in the south of Arad; and they went and dwelt with the people.

• Bible in Basic English (1941)

  Now Hobab the Kenite, Moses' father-in-law, had come up out of the town of palm-trees, with the children of Judah, into the waste land of Arad; and he went and was living among the Amalekites;

• World English Bible (2000)

  The children of the Kenite, Moses' brother-in-law, went up out of the city of palm trees with the children of Judah into the wilderness of Judah, which is in the south of Arad; and they went and lived with the people.

• NET Bible® (New English Translation)

  Now the descendants of the Kenite, Moses’ father-in-law, went up with the people of Judah from the city of date palm trees to Arad in the wilderness of Judah, located in the Negev. They went and lived with the people of Judah.

Referenced Verses

• Num 10:29-32 : 29 { "verseID": "Numbers.10.29", "source": "וַיֹּ֣אמֶר מֹשֶׁ֗ה לְ֠חֹבָב בֶּן־רְעוּאֵ֣ל הַמִּדְיָנִי֮ חֹתֵ֣ן מֹשֶׁה֒ נֹסְעִ֣ים ׀ אֲנַ֗חְנוּ אֶל־הַמָּקוֹם֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר אָמַ֣ר יְהוָ֔ה אֹת֖וֹ אֶתֵּ֣ן לָכֶ֑ם לְכָ֤ה אִתָּ֙נוּ֙ וְהֵטַ֣בְנוּ לָ֔ךְ כִּֽי־יְהוָ֥ה דִּבֶּר־ט֖וֹב עַל־יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃", "text": "And-*wayyōʾmer* *Mōšeh* to-*Ḥōbāb* *ben*-*Rәʿûʾēl* the-*Midyānî* *ḥōtēn* *Mōšeh* *nōsʿîm* we unto-the-*māqôm* which *ʾāmar* *YHWH* *ʾōtô* I-will-*ʾettēn* to-you *lәkâh* with-us and-*hēṭabnû* to-you for-*YHWH* *dibber*-*ṭôb* concerning-*Yiśrāʾēl*.", "grammar": { "*wayyōʾmer*": "waw-consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he said", "*Mōšeh*": "proper noun - Moses", "*Ḥōbāb*": "proper noun - Hobab", "*ben*": "masculine singular noun construct - son of", "*Rәʿûʾēl*": "proper noun - Reuel", "*Midyānî*": "gentilic adjective, masculine singular - Midianite", "*ḥōtēn*": "masculine singular noun construct - father-in-law of", "*nōsʿîm*": "Qal participle, masculine plural - journeying", "*māqôm*": "masculine singular noun - place", "*ʾāmar*": "Qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he said", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - Yahweh/the LORD", "*ʾōtô*": "direct object marker with 3rd masculine singular suffix - it", "*ʾettēn*": "Qal imperfect, 1st common singular - I will give", "*lәkâh*": "Qal imperative, masculine singular - go/come", "*hēṭabnû*": "Hiphil perfect, 1st common plural - we will do good", "*dibber*": "Piel perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he has spoken", "*ṭôb*": "masculine singular adjective - good", "*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel" }, "variants": { "*wayyōʾmer*": "and he said/spoke", "*ḥōtēn*": "father-in-law/relative by marriage", "*nōsʿîm*": "journeying/traveling/setting out", "*māqôm*": "place/site/location", "*ʾāmar*": "said/promised/declared", "*ʾettēn*": "I will give/grant", "*lәkâh*": "go/come", "*hēṭabnû*": "we will do good/treat well/be good", "*dibber*": "has spoken/promised/declared", "*ṭôb*": "good/goodness/prosperity" } } 30 { "verseID": "Numbers.10.30", "source": "וַיֹּ֥אמֶר אֵלָ֖יו לֹ֣א אֵלֵ֑ךְ כִּ֧י אִם־אֶל־אַרְצִ֛י וְאֶל־מוֹלַדְתִּ֖י אֵלֵֽךְ׃", "text": "And-*wayyōʾmer* unto-him not I-will-*ʾēlēk* but rather unto-*ʾarṣî* and-unto-*môladtî* I-will-*ʾēlēk*.", "grammar": { "*wayyōʾmer*": "waw-consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he said", "*ʾēlēk*": "Qal imperfect, 1st common singular - I will go", "*ʾarṣî*": "feminine singular noun with 1st common singular suffix - my land", "*môladtî*": "feminine singular noun with 1st common singular suffix - my kindred/birthplace", "*ʾēlēk*": "Qal imperfect, 1st common singular - I will go" }, "variants": { "*wayyōʾmer*": "and he said/answered/replied", "*ʾēlēk*": "I will go/travel/journey", "*ʾarṣî*": "my land/country/territory", "*môladtî*": "my kindred/birthplace/relatives" } } 31 { "verseID": "Numbers.10.31", "source": "וַיֹּ֕אמֶר אַל־נָ֖א תַּעֲזֹ֣ב אֹתָ֑נוּ כִּ֣י ׀ עַל־כֵּ֣ן יָדַ֗עְתָּ חֲנֹתֵ֙נוּ֙ בַּמִּדְבָּ֔ר וְהָיִ֥יתָ לָּ֖נוּ לְעֵינָֽיִם׃", "text": "And-*wayyōʾmer* not-*nāʾ* *taʿăzōb* us because therefore *yādaʿtā* *ḥănōtēnû* in-the-*midbār* and-*hāyîtā* to-us for-*ʿênāyim*.", "grammar": { "*wayyōʾmer*": "waw-consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he said", "*nāʾ*": "particle of entreaty - please", "*taʿăzōb*": "Qal imperfect, 2nd masculine singular - you leave/forsake", "*yādaʿtā*": "Qal perfect, 2nd masculine singular - you know", "*ḥănōtēnû*": "Qal infinitive construct with 1st common plural suffix - our encamping", "*midbār*": "masculine singular noun - wilderness/desert", "*hāyîtā*": "Qal perfect, 2nd masculine singular - you have been", "*ʿênāyim*": "feminine dual noun - eyes" }, "variants": { "*wayyōʾmer*": "and he said/replied", "*nāʾ*": "please/I pray/I urge", "*taʿăzōb*": "you leave/forsake/abandon", "*yādaʿtā*": "you know/are familiar with", "*ḥănōtēnû*": "our encamping/camping", "*midbār*": "wilderness/desert/uninhabited land", "*hāyîtā*": "you have been/will be", "*ʿênāyim*": "eyes/sight/guidance" } } 32 { "verseID": "Numbers.10.32", "source": "וְהָיָ֖ה כִּי־תֵלֵ֣ךְ עִמָּ֑נוּ וְהָיָ֣ה ׀ הַטּ֣וֹב הַה֗וּא אֲשֶׁ֨ר יֵיטִ֧יב יְהוָ֛ה עִמָּ֖נוּ וְהֵטַ֥בְנוּ לָֽךְ׃", "text": "And-*hāyâh* if-*tēlēk* with-us and-it-will-be the-*ṭôb* the-that which *yêṭîb* *YHWH* with-us and-*hēṭabnû* to-you.", "grammar": { "*hāyâh*": "Qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - it will be", "*tēlēk*": "Qal imperfect, 2nd masculine singular - you will go", "*ṭôb*": "masculine singular adjective - good/goodness", "*yêṭîb*": "Hiphil imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - he will do good", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - Yahweh/the LORD", "*hēṭabnû*": "Hiphil perfect, 1st common plural - we will do good" }, "variants": { "*hāyâh*": "it will be/come to pass", "*tēlēk*": "you will go/come/travel", "*ṭôb*": "good/goodness/benefit", "*yêṭîb*": "he will do good/bestow", "*hēṭabnû*": "we will do good/treat well" } }
• Num 21:1 : 1 { "verseID": "Numbers.21.1", "source": "וַיִּשְׁמַ֞ע הַכְּנַעֲנִ֤י מֶֽלֶךְ־עֲרָד֙ יֹשֵׁ֣ב הַנֶּ֔גֶב כִּ֚י בָּ֣א יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל דֶּ֖רֶךְ הָאֲתָרִ֑ים וַיִּלָּ֙חֶם֙ בְּיִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל וַיִּ֥שְׁבְּ ׀ מִמֶּ֖נּוּ שֶֽׁבִי׃", "text": "And *wə-yišma'* the *kəna'ănî* *meleḵ*-*'ărād* *yōšēḇ* the *negeḇ* that *bā'* *yiśrā'ēl* *dereḵ* the *'ătārîm* and *wə-yillāḥem* in-*yiśrā'ēl* and *wə-yišb* from-him *šeḇî*.", "grammar": { "*wə-yišma'*": "conjunctive waw + qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he heard", "*kəna'ănî*": "definite noun, masculine singular - the Canaanite", "*meleḵ*-*'ărād*": "construct relationship - king of Arad", "*yōšēḇ*": "qal active participle masculine singular - dwelling/inhabitant of", "*negeḇ*": "definite noun, masculine singular - the south/Negev", "*bā'*": "qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - came/had come", "*yiśrā'ēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*dereḵ*": "construct noun - way of/road of", "*'ătārîm*": "definite noun, plural - the Atharim (possibly spies or scouts)", "*wə-yillāḥem*": "conjunctive waw + niphal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he fought", "*wə-yišb*": "conjunctive waw + qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he took captive", "*šeḇî*": "noun, masculine singular - captivity/prisoners" }, "variants": { "*kəna'ănî*": "Canaanite people/Canaanite person", "*negeḇ*": "south/southern region/Negev desert", "*'ătārîm*": "Atharim (place name)/the scouts/the spies", "*dereḵ*": "way/road/direction" } }
• Deut 34:3 : 3 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.34.3", "source": "וְאֶת־הַנֶּ֗גֶב וְֽאֶת־הַכִּכָּ֞ר בִּקְעַ֧ת יְרֵח֛וֹ עִ֥יר הַתְּמָרִ֖ים עַד־צֹֽעַר׃", "text": "And *'et*-the *Negeb* and *'et*-the *kikkār* *biq'at* *Yərēḥô* *'îr* the *təmārîm* unto *Ṣō'ar*", "grammar": { "*'et*": "direct object marker", "*Negeb*": "proper noun with definite article - 'the Negev/South'", "*kikkār*": "feminine singular with definite article - 'the plain/circle'", "*biq'at*": "construct state feminine singular - 'valley of'", "*Yərēḥô*": "proper noun - 'Jericho'", "*'îr*": "construct state feminine singular - 'city of'", "*təmārîm*": "masculine plural with definite article - 'the palm trees'", "*Ṣō'ar*": "proper noun - 'Zoar'" }, "variants": { "*Negeb*": "south/southern region/dry land", "*kikkār*": "plain/circle/disk/talent", "*biq'at*": "valley/plain/cleft", "*'îr*": "city/town/settlement", "*təmārîm*": "palm trees/date palms" } }
• 1 Sam 15:6 : 6 { "verseID": "1 Samuel.15.6", "source": "וַיֹּ֣אמֶר שָׁא֣וּל אֶֽל־הַקֵּינִ֡י לְכוּ֩ סֻּ֨רוּ רְד֜וּ מִתּ֣וֹךְ עֲמָלֵקִ֗י פֶּן־אֹֽסִפְךָ֙ עִמּ֔וֹ וְאַתָּ֞ה עָשִׂ֤יתָה חֶ֙סֶד֙ עִם־כָּל־בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל בַּעֲלוֹתָ֖ם מִמִּצְרָ֑יִם וַיָּ֥סַר קֵינִ֖י מִתּ֥וֹךְ עֲמָלֵֽק׃", "text": "And *wayyōʾmer* *šāʾûl* to the *ʾel*-*haqqênî*, Go *ləḵû* depart *sūrû* go-down *rəḏû* from midst of *mittôḵ* *ʿămālēqî*, lest *pen*-I gather you *ʾōsip̄ḵā* with him *ʿimmô*, and you *wəʾattâ* did *ʿāśîṯâ* *ḥeseḏ* with all sons of *ʿim*-all-*bənê* *yiśrāʾēl* in their going up *baʿălôṯām* from *mimmiṣrāyim*; and *wayyāsar* *qênî* from midst of *mittôḵ* *ʿămālēq*.", "grammar": { "*wayyōʾmer*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he said", "*šāʾûl*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Saul", "*ʾel*": "preposition - to", "*haqqênî*": "definite article + proper noun - the Kenites", "*ləḵû*": "Qal imperative, masculine plural - go", "*sūrû*": "Qal imperative, masculine plural - depart/turn aside", "*rəḏû*": "Qal imperative, masculine plural - go down", "*mittôḵ*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular construct - from midst of", "*ʿămālēqî*": "proper adjective, masculine singular - Amalekite", "*pen*": "conjunction - lest", "*ʾōsip̄ḵā*": "Qal imperfect, 1st person singular + 2nd masculine singular suffix - I gather/destroy you", "*ʿimmô*": "preposition + 3rd masculine singular suffix - with him", "*wəʾattâ*": "conjunction + 2nd masculine singular pronoun - and you", "*ʿāśîṯâ*": "Qal perfect, 2nd masculine singular - you did/made", "*ḥeseḏ*": "noun, masculine singular - kindness/loyalty", "*ʿim*": "preposition - with", "*bənê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - sons of", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*baʿălôṯām*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct + 3rd masculine plural suffix - in their going up", "*mimmiṣrāyim*": "preposition + proper noun - from Egypt", "*wayyāsar*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he/it turned aside", "*qênî*": "proper noun - Kenite", "*mittôḵ*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular construct - from midst of", "*ʿămālēq*": "proper noun - Amalek" }, "variants": { "*sūrû*": "depart/turn aside/leave", "*rəḏû*": "go down/descend", "*ʾōsip̄ḵā*": "I gather/collect/destroy you", "*ḥeseḏ*": "kindness/loyalty/faithfulness/covenant faithfulness", "*wayyāsar*": "and he/it turned aside/departed" } }
• Judg 4:11 : 11 { "verseID": "Judges.4.11", "source": "וְחֶ֤בֶר הַקֵּינִי֙ נִפְרָ֣ד מִקַּ֔יִן מִבְּנֵ֥י חֹבָ֖ב חֹתֵ֣ן מֹשֶׁ֑ה וַיֵּ֣ט אָהֳל֔וֹ עַד־אֵל֥וֹן *בצענים **בְּצַעֲנַנִּ֖ים אֲשֶׁ֥ר אֶת־קֶֽדֶשׁ׃", "text": "And *ḥeber haqqênî niprād mi-qayin mi-bənê ḥōbāb ḥōtēn mōšeh wa-yēṭ ʾohŏlô ʿad-ʾēlôn bəṣaʿănannîm ʾăšer ʾet-qedeš*", "grammar": { "*wə-ḥeber*": "conjunction + proper noun - and Heber", "*haqqênî*": "definite article + gentilic adjective - the Kenite", "*niprād*": "Niphal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - had separated himself", "*mi-qayin*": "preposition + proper noun - from Kain/Kenites", "*mi-bənê*": "preposition + construct plural noun - from sons of", "*ḥōbāb*": "proper noun - Hobab", "*ḥōtēn*": "construct noun - father-in-law of", "*mōšeh*": "proper noun - Moses", "*wa-yēṭ*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - and he pitched/set up", "*ʾohŏlô*": "noun + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his tent", "*ʿad-ʾēlôn*": "preposition + construct noun - unto the terebinth/oak of", "*bəṣaʿănannîm*": "proper noun with preposition - in Zaanannim", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which", "*ʾet-qedeš*": "preposition + proper noun - beside/near Kedesh" }, "variants": { "*niprād*": "had separated himself/had moved away", "*wa-yēṭ*": "he pitched/he set up/he spread", "*ʾēlôn*": "terebinth/oak/great tree", "*ʾăšer ʾet-qedeš*": "which is near Kedesh/which is by Kedesh" } }
• Judg 3:13 : 13 { "verseID": "Judges.3.13", "source": "וַיֶּאֱסֹ֣ף אֵלָ֔יו אֶת־בְּנֵ֥י עַמּ֖וֹן וַעֲמָלֵ֑ק וַיֵּ֗לֶךְ וַיַּךְ֙ אֶת־יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל וַיִּֽירְשׁ֖וּ אֶת־עִ֥יר הַתְּמָרִֽים׃", "text": "And-*wayeʾĕsōf* unto-him *ʾet*-*bĕnê* *ʿammôn* and-*ʿămālēq* and-*wayyēlek* and-*wayyak* *ʾet*-*yiśrāʾēl* and-*wayyîrĕšû* *ʾet*-city-of the-*tĕmārîm*.", "grammar": { "*wa*": "conjunction + consecutive - and", "*yeʾĕsōf*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - he gathered", "*ʾēlāyw*": "preposition + 3rd masculine singular suffix - to him", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*bĕnê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - sons/children of", "*ʿammôn*": "proper noun - Ammon", "*wa-ʿămālēq*": "conjunction + proper noun - and Amalek", "*wa-yēlek*": "conjunction + qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he went", "*wa-yak*": "conjunction + hiphil imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he struck", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*wa-yîrĕšû*": "conjunction + qal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - and they possessed", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*ʿîr*": "noun, feminine singular construct - city of", "*ha-tĕmārîm*": "definite noun, masculine plural - the palm trees" }, "variants": { "*wayeʾĕsōf*": "and he gathered/assembled/collected", "*wayyēlek*": "and he went/walked/proceeded", "*wayyak*": "and he struck/defeated/attacked", "*wayyîrĕšû*": "and they took possession of/occupied/dispossessed", "*ʿîr ha-tĕmārîm*": "City of Palm Trees (Jericho)" } }
• Judg 4:17 : 17 { "verseID": "Judges.4.17", "source": "וְסִֽיסְרָא֙ נָ֣ס בְּרַגְלָ֔יו אֶל־אֹ֣הֶל יָעֵ֔ל אֵ֖שֶּׁת חֶ֣בֶר הַקֵּינִ֑י כִּ֣י שָׁל֗וֹם בֵּ֚ין יָבִ֣ין מֶֽלֶךְ־חָצ֔וֹר וּבֵ֕ין בֵּ֖ית חֶ֥בֶר הַקֵּינִֽי׃", "text": "And *sîsərāʾ nās bəraglāyw ʾel-ʾōhel yāʿēl ʾēšet ḥeber haqqênî kî šālôm bên yābîn melek-ḥāṣôr û-bên bêt ḥeber haqqênî*", "grammar": { "*wə-sîsərāʾ*": "conjunction + proper noun - and Sisera", "*nās*": "Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - fled", "*bəraglāyw*": "preposition + plural noun + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - on his feet", "*ʾel-ʾōhel*": "preposition + noun - to the tent of", "*yāʿēl*": "proper noun - Jael", "*ʾēšet*": "construct noun - wife of", "*ḥeber*": "proper noun - Heber", "*haqqênî*": "definite article + gentilic adjective - the Kenite", "*kî*": "conjunction - because/for", "*šālôm*": "noun - peace/friendly relations", "*bên*": "preposition - between", "*yābîn*": "proper noun - Jabin", "*melek-ḥāṣôr*": "construct noun + proper noun - king of Hazor", "*û-bên*": "conjunction + preposition - and between", "*bêt*": "construct noun - house of", "*ḥeber*": "proper noun - Heber", "*haqqênî*": "definite article + gentilic adjective - the Kenite" }, "variants": { "*nās*": "fled/escaped/ran away", "*bəraglāyw*": "on foot/on his feet", "*šālôm*": "peace/friendly relations/alliance", "*bêt*": "house/household/family" } }
• 1 Chr 2:15 : 15 { "verseID": "1 Chronicles.2.15", "source": "אֹ֚צֶם הַשִּׁשִּׁ֔י דָּוִ֖יד הַשְּׁבִעִֽי׃", "text": "*ʾōtzem* *haššiššî* *dāwîd* *haššəbîʿî*.", "grammar": { "*ʾōtzem*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Ozem", "*ha-*": "definite article - the", "*šiššî*": "ordinal adjective, masculine singular - sixth", "*dāwîd*": "proper noun, masculine singular - David", "*ha-*": "definite article - the", "*šəbîʿî*": "ordinal adjective, masculine singular - seventh" }, "variants": {} }
• 2 Chr 28:16 : 16 { "verseID": "2 Chronicles.28.16", "source": "בָּעֵ֣ת הַהִ֗יא שָׁלַ֞ח הַמֶּ֧לֶךְ אָחָ֛ז עַל־מַלְכֵ֥י אַשּׁ֖וּר לַעְזֹ֥ר לֽוֹ׃", "text": "*bāʿêt* *hahîʾ* *shālaḥ* *hammelek* *ʾĀḥāz* *ʿal*-*malḵê* *ʾAshshûr* *laʿzōr* *lô*", "grammar": { "*bāʿêt*": "preposition + definite article + feminine singular noun - in the time", "*hahîʾ*": "definite article + 3rd feminine singular pronoun - that", "*shālaḥ*": "3rd masculine singular qal perfect - he sent", "*hammelek*": "definite article + masculine singular noun - the king", "*ʾĀḥāz*": "proper noun - Ahaz", "*ʿal*-*malḵê*": "preposition + masculine plural construct - to kings of", "*ʾAshshûr*": "proper noun - Assyria", "*laʿzōr*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct - to help", "*lô*": "preposition + 3rd masculine singular suffix - him" }, "variants": { "*ʿal*-*malḵê*": "to/for kings of (idiom for seeking help from)" } }
• Jer 35:2 : 2 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.35.2", "source": "הָלוֹךְ֮ אֶל־בֵּ֣ית הָרֵכָבִים֒ וְדִבַּרְתָּ֣ אוֹתָ֔ם וַהֲבִֽאוֹתָם֙ בֵּ֣ית יְהוָ֔ה אֶל־אַחַ֖ת הַלְּשָׁכ֑וֹת וְהִשְׁקִיתָ֥ אוֹתָ֖ם יָֽיִן׃", "text": "*hālôk* to *bêt* the *rēkābîm* *wĕ*-*dibbartā* them *wahăbiʾôtām* *bêt* *yhwh* to one of the *lĕšākôt* *wĕ*-*hišqîtā* them *yāyin*.", "grammar": { "*hālôk*": "infinitive absolute - go/going", "*bêt*": "noun, masculine singular construct - house of", "*rēkābîm*": "proper noun, plural - Rechabites", "*wĕ*": "conjunction - and", "*dibbartā*": "perfect verb with waw consecutive, 2nd person masculine singular - you shall speak", "*wahăbiʾôtām*": "perfect verb with waw consecutive, 2nd person masculine singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - and you shall bring them", "*lĕšākôt*": "noun, feminine plural - chambers/rooms", "*hišqîtā*": "perfect verb with waw consecutive, 2nd person masculine singular - and you shall make drink", "*yāyin*": "noun, masculine singular - wine" }, "variants": { "*hālôk*": "go/going/walk/proceed", "*bêt*": "house/household/family/dwelling of", "*rēkābîm*": "Rechabites (a clan/family name)", "*lĕšākôt*": "rooms/chambers/halls/dining rooms" } }
• Josh 12:14 : 14 { "verseID": "Joshua.12.14", "source": "מֶ֤לֶךְ חָרְמָה֙ אֶחָ֔ד מֶ֥לֶךְ עֲרָ֖ד אֶחָֽד׃", "text": "*melek* *ḥormāh* one *melek* *ʿărād* one", "grammar": { "*melek*": "noun, masculine singular construct - king of", "*ḥormāh*": "proper noun - Hormah", "*ʾeḥād*": "cardinal number - one", "*melek*": "noun, masculine singular construct - king of", "*ʿărād*": "proper noun - Arad", "*ʾeḥād*": "cardinal number - one" }, "variants": { "*melek*": "king, ruler, sovereign" } }
• Num 24:21-22 : 21 { "verseID": "Numbers.24.21", "source": "וַיַּרְא֙ אֶת־הַקֵּינִ֔י וַיִּשָּׂ֥א מְשָׁל֖וֹ וַיֹּאמַ֑ר אֵיתָן֙ מֽוֹשָׁבֶ֔ךָ וְשִׂ֥ים בַּסֶּ֖לַע קִנֶּֽךָ׃", "text": "And *wayyarʾ* *ʾet*-the *Qênî*, and *wayyiśśāʾ* his *məšālô* and *wayyōʾmar*: *ʾêṯān* your *môšāḇêḵā*, and *śîm* in the *selaʿ* your *qinnêḵā*.", "grammar": { "*wayyarʾ*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3ms - 'and he saw'", "*Qênî*": "proper noun with article - 'the Kenite'", "*wayyiśśāʾ*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3ms - 'and he took up'", "*məšālô*": "noun ms with 3ms suffix - 'his oracle/proverb'", "*wayyōʾmar*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3ms - 'and he said'", "*ʾêṯān*": "adjective ms - 'enduring/strong'", "*môšāḇêḵā*": "noun ms with 2ms suffix - 'your dwelling place'", "*śîm*": "qal passive participle ms - 'placed/set'", "*selaʿ*": "noun ms with article - 'the rock/cliff'", "*qinnêḵā*": "noun ms with 2ms suffix - 'your nest'" }, "variants": { "*ʾêṯān*": "enduring/strong/permanent", "*môšāḇêḵā*": "your dwelling place/habitation/seat", "*śîm*": "placed/set/establish", "*selaʿ*": "rock/cliff/crag", "*qinnêḵā*": "your nest/dwelling" } } 22 { "verseID": "Numbers.24.22", "source": "כִּ֥י אִם־יִהְיֶ֖ה לְבָ֣עֵֽר קָ֑יִן עַד־מָ֖ה אַשּׁ֥וּר תִּשְׁבֶּֽךָּ׃", "text": "For *ʾim*-*yihyeh* to *ḇāʿēr* *Qāyin*, until-when *ʾAššûr* *tišbêkkā*.", "grammar": { "*ʾim*": "conjunction - 'if'", "*yihyeh*": "qal imperfect 3ms - 'he/it will be'", "*ḇāʿēr*": "piel infinitive construct - 'to consume/destroy'", "*Qāyin*": "proper noun - 'Kain/Kenite'", "*ʾAššûr*": "proper noun - 'Asshur/Assyria'", "*tišbêkkā*": "qal imperfect 3ms with 2ms suffix - 'he will carry you away captive'" }, "variants": { "*ḇāʿēr*": "to consume/destroy/burn/feed", "*tišbêkkā*": "will carry you away captive/will take you prisoner" } }
• Exod 3:1 : 1 { "verseID": "Exodus.3.1", "source": "וּמֹשֶׁ֗ה הָיָ֥ה רֹעֶ֛ה אֶת־צֹ֛אן יִתְר֥וֹ חֹתְנ֖וֹ כֹּהֵ֣ן מִדְיָ֑ן וַיִּנְהַ֤ג אֶת־הַצֹּאן֙ אַחַ֣ר הַמִּדְבָּ֔ר וַיָּבֹ֛א אֶל־הַ֥ר הָאֱלֹהִ֖ים חֹרֵֽבָה׃", "text": "And *Mōšeh* *hāyāh* *rō'eh* *ʾet*-*ṣōʾn* *Yitrō* *ḥōtnō* *kōhēn* *Midyān* *wayyinhaḡ* *ʾet*-*haṣṣōʾn* *ʾaḥar* *hammidbār* *wayyāḇōʾ* to-*har* *hāʾĕlōhîm* *Ḥōrēḇāh*.", "grammar": { "*Mōšeh*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Moses", "*hāyāh*": "perfect, 3rd masculine singular - was/became", "*rō'eh*": "participle, masculine singular - shepherding/tending", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker - untranslatable particle indicating following noun is direct object", "*ṣōʾn*": "noun, common feminine singular - flock/sheep", "*Yitrō*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Jethro", "*ḥōtnō*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his father-in-law", "*kōhēn*": "noun, masculine singular construct - priest of", "*Midyān*": "proper noun - Midian", "*wayyinhaḡ*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he led/drove", "*haṣṣōʾn*": "noun, common feminine singular with definite article - the flock", "*ʾaḥar*": "preposition - behind/after", "*hammidbār*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the wilderness/desert", "*wayyāḇōʾ*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he came", "*har*": "noun, masculine singular construct - mountain of", "*hāʾĕlōhîm*": "noun, masculine plural with definite article - the God (plural form with singular meaning)", "*Ḥōrēḇāh*": "proper noun with directional he suffix - to Horeb" }, "variants": { "*rō'eh*": "shepherding/tending/feeding", "*ṣōʾn*": "flock/sheep/small cattle", "*wayyinhaḡ*": "and he led/drove/guided", "*ʾaḥar*": "behind/after/beyond", "*hammidbār*": "the wilderness/desert/uninhabited land", "*hāʾĕlōhîm*": "the God/gods/divine being" } }
• Exod 4:18 : 18 { "verseID": "Exodus.4.18", "source": "וַיֵּ֨לֶךְ מֹשֶׁ֜ה וַיָּ֣שָׁב ׀ אֶל־יֶ֣תֶר חֹֽתְנ֗וֹ וַיֹּ֤אמֶר לוֹ֙ אֵ֣לֲכָה נָּ֗א וְאָשׁ֙וּבָה֙ אֶל־אַחַ֣י אֲשֶׁר־בְּמִצְרַ֔יִם וְאֶרְאֶ֖ה הַעוֹדָ֣ם חַיִּ֑ים וַיֹּ֧אמֶר יִתְר֛וֹ לְמֹשֶׁ֖ה לֵ֥ךְ לְשָׁלֽוֹם׃", "text": "And *yēlek* *Mōšeh* and *yāšāb* to-*Yeter* *ḥōtĕnô* and *yōʾmer* to-him *ʾēlĕkâh* *nāʾ* and-*ʾāšûbâh* to-*ʾaḥay* who-in-*Miṣrayim* and-*ʾerʾeh* if-*ʿôdām* *ḥayyîm* and *yōʾmer* *Yitrô* to-*Mōšeh* *lēk* to-*šālôm*.", "grammar": { "*yēlek*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular with waw conversive - he went", "*Mōšeh*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Moses", "*yāšāb*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular with waw conversive - he returned", "*Yeter*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Jether", "*ḥōtĕnô*": "noun, masculine singular construct with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his father-in-law", "*yōʾmer*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular with waw conversive - said", "*ʾēlĕkâh*": "qal imperfect, 1st person singular with cohortative ending - let me go", "*nāʾ*": "particle of entreaty - please/now", "*ʾāšûbâh*": "qal imperfect, 1st person singular with cohortative ending - let me return", "*ʾaḥay*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 1st person singular suffix - my brothers", "*Miṣrayim*": "proper noun - Egypt", "*ʾerʾeh*": "qal imperfect, 1st person singular with cohortative ending - let me see", "*ʿôdām*": "adverb with 3rd masculine plural suffix - they still", "*ḥayyîm*": "adjective, masculine plural - living/alive", "*Yitrô*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Jethro", "*lēk*": "qal imperative, masculine singular - go", "*šālôm*": "noun, masculine singular - peace" }, "variants": { "*Yeter*": "Jether/Jethro (variant spelling)", "*ʾaḥay*": "my brothers/my relatives/my kin", "*lēk lĕ-šālôm*": "go in peace/go safely/go with my blessing" } }
• Exod 18:1 : 1 { "verseID": "Exodus.18.1", "source": "וַיִּשְׁמַ֞ע יִתְר֨וֹ כֹהֵ֤ן מִדְיָן֙ חֹתֵ֣ן מֹשֶׁ֔ה אֵת֩ כָּל־אֲשֶׁ֨ר עָשָׂ֤ה אֱלֹהִים֙ לְמֹשֶׁ֔ה וּלְיִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל עַמּ֑וֹ כִּֽי־הוֹצִ֧יא יְהוָ֛ה אֶת־יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל מִמִּצְרָֽיִם׃", "text": "*wə*-*yišmaʿ* *yitrô* *kōhēn* *midyān* *ḥōtēn* *mōšeh* *ʾēt* all-which *ʿāśāh* *ʾĕlōhîm* to-*mōšeh* and-to-*yiśrāʾēl* *ʿammô* that-*hôṣîʾ* *YHWH* *ʾet*-*yiśrāʾēl* from-*miṣrayim*", "grammar": { "*wə*-*yišmaʿ*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he heard", "*yitrô*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Jethro", "*kōhēn*": "noun, masculine singular construct - priest of", "*midyān*": "proper noun - Midian", "*ḥōtēn*": "noun, masculine singular construct - father-in-law of", "*mōšeh*": "proper noun - Moses", "*ʾēt*": "direct object marker", "*ʿāśāh*": "perfect, 3rd masculine singular - had done", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "noun, masculine plural (with singular meaning) - God", "*ʿammô*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his people", "*hôṣîʾ*": "perfect, 3rd masculine singular, hiphil form - had brought out", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - the LORD", "*miṣrayim*": "proper noun - Egypt" }, "variants": { "*yitrô*": "Jethro (meaning 'his excellence/abundance')", "*ḥōtēn*": "father-in-law/relative by marriage", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "God/gods/divine beings/mighty ones", "*ʿammô*": "his people/his nation/his folk" } }
• Exod 18:7 : 7 { "verseID": "Exodus.18.7", "source": "וַיֵּצֵ֨א מֹשֶׁ֜ה לִקְרַ֣את חֹֽתְנ֗וֹ וַיִּשְׁתַּ֙חוּ֙ וַיִּשַּׁק־ל֔וֹ וַיִּשְׁאֲל֥וּ אִישׁ־לְרֵעֵ֖הוּ לְשָׁל֑וֹם וַיָּבֹ֖אוּ הָאֹֽהֱלָה׃", "text": "*wə*-*yēṣēʾ* *mōšeh* to-*qirʾat* *ḥōtenô* *wə*-*yištaḥû* *wə*-*yiššaq*-to-him *wə*-*yišʾălû* *ʾîš*-to-*rēʿēhû* to-*šālôm* *wə*-*yābōʾû* *hāʾōhĕlāh*", "grammar": { "*wə*-*yēṣēʾ*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he went out", "*mōšeh*": "proper noun - Moses", "*qirʾat*": "infinitive construct - meeting/to meet", "*ḥōtenô*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his father-in-law", "*wə*-*yištaḥû*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular, hishtafel form - and he bowed down", "*wə*-*yiššaq*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he kissed", "*wə*-*yišʾălû*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - and they asked", "*ʾîš*-to-*rēʿēhû*": "noun with preposition and noun with suffix - each man to his neighbor/one another", "*šālôm*": "noun, masculine singular - welfare/peace", "*wə*-*yābōʾû*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - and they came", "*hāʾōhĕlāh*": "article with noun, masculine singular with directional heh - to the tent" }, "variants": { "*šālôm*": "peace/welfare/health/wholeness/well-being", "*ʾîš*-to-*rēʿēhû*": "each man to his fellow/one another/each other" } }
• Exod 18:12 : 12 { "verseID": "Exodus.18.12", "source": "וַיִּקַּ֞ח יִתְר֨וֹ חֹתֵ֥ן מֹשֶׁ֛ה עֹלָ֥ה וּזְבָחִ֖ים לֵֽאלֹהִ֑ים וַיָּבֹ֨א אַהֲרֹ֜ן וְכֹ֣ל ׀ זִקְנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל לֶאֱכָל־לֶ֛חֶם עִם־חֹתֵ֥ן מֹשֶׁ֖ה לִפְנֵ֥י הָאֱלֹהִֽים׃", "text": "*wə*-*yiqqaḥ* *yitrô* *ḥōtēn* *mōšeh* *ʿōlāh* and-*zəbāḥîm* to-*ʾĕlōhîm* *wə*-*yābōʾ* *ʾahărōn* and-all *ziqnê* *yiśrāʾēl* to-eat-*leḥem* with-*ḥōtēn* *mōšeh* before *hāʾĕlōhîm*", "grammar": { "*wə*-*yiqqaḥ*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he took", "*yitrô*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Jethro", "*ḥōtēn*": "noun, masculine singular construct - father-in-law of", "*mōšeh*": "proper noun - Moses", "*ʿōlāh*": "noun, feminine singular - burnt offering", "*zəbāḥîm*": "noun, masculine plural - sacrifices", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "noun, masculine plural - God", "*wə*-*yābōʾ*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he/they came", "*ʾahărōn*": "proper noun - Aaron", "*ziqnê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - elders of", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*leḥem*": "noun, masculine singular - bread/food", "*ḥōtēn*": "noun, masculine singular construct - father-in-law of", "*mōšeh*": "proper noun - Moses", "*hāʾĕlōhîm*": "article with noun, masculine plural - the God" }, "variants": { "*ʿōlāh*": "burnt offering/whole offering", "*zəbāḥîm*": "sacrifices/peace offerings", "*leḥem*": "bread/food/meal", "*lipnê*": "before/in the presence of" } }
• Exod 18:14-17 : 14 { "verseID": "Exodus.18.14", "source": "וַיַּרְא֙ חֹתֵ֣ן מֹשֶׁ֔ה אֵ֛ת כָּל־אֲשֶׁר־ה֥וּא עֹשֶׂ֖ה לָעָ֑ם וַיֹּ֗אמֶר מָֽה־הַדָּבָ֤ר הַזֶּה֙ אֲשֶׁ֨ר אַתָּ֤ה עֹשֶׂה֙ לָעָ֔ם מַדּ֗וּעַ אַתָּ֤ה יוֹשֵׁב֙ לְבַדֶּ֔ךָ וְכָל־הָעָ֛ם נִצָּ֥ב עָלֶ֖יךָ מִן־בֹּ֥קֶר עַד־עָֽרֶב׃", "text": "*wə*-*yarʾ* *ḥōtēn* *mōšeh* *ʾēt* all-which-he *ʿōśeh* to-*hāʿām* *wə*-*yōʾmer* what-*haddābār* *hazzeh* which you *ʿōśeh* to-*hāʿām* why you *yôšēb* to-*baddəḵā* and-all-*hāʿām* *niṣṣāb* upon-you from-*bōqer* until-*ʿāreb*", "grammar": { "*wə*-*yarʾ*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he saw", "*ḥōtēn*": "noun, masculine singular construct - father-in-law of", "*mōšeh*": "proper noun - Moses", "*ʾēt*": "direct object marker", "*ʿōśeh*": "participle, masculine singular - doing", "*hāʿām*": "article with noun, masculine singular - the people", "*wə*-*yōʾmer*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he said", "*haddābār*": "article with noun, masculine singular - the matter", "*hazzeh*": "article with demonstrative pronoun, masculine singular - this", "*ʿōśeh*": "participle, masculine singular - doing", "*yôšēb*": "participle, masculine singular - sitting", "*baddəḵā*": "noun with preposition with 2nd masculine singular suffix - by yourself", "*niṣṣāb*": "participle, masculine singular, niphal form - standing", "*bōqer*": "noun, masculine singular - morning", "*ʿāreb*": "noun, masculine singular - evening" }, "variants": { "*ʿōśeh*": "doing/performing/executing", "*niṣṣāb*": "standing/positioned/stationed" } } 15 { "verseID": "Exodus.18.15", "source": "וַיֹּ֥אמֶר מֹשֶׁ֖ה לְחֹתְנ֑וֹ כִּֽי־יָבֹ֥א אֵלַ֛י הָעָ֖ם לִדְרֹ֥שׁ אֱלֹהִֽים׃", "text": "*wə*-*yōʾmer* *mōšeh* to-*ḥōtenô* because-*yābōʾ* to-me *hāʿām* to-*dirōš* *ʾĕlōhîm*", "grammar": { "*wə*-*yōʾmer*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he said", "*mōšeh*": "proper noun - Moses", "*ḥōtenô*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his father-in-law", "*yābōʾ*": "imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - he comes", "*hāʿām*": "article with noun, masculine singular - the people", "*dirōš*": "infinitive construct - to inquire of/seek", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "noun, masculine plural - God" }, "variants": { "*dirōš*": "to inquire of/seek/consult/search out" } } 16 { "verseID": "Exodus.18.16", "source": "כִּֽי־יִהְיֶ֨ה לָהֶ֤ם דָּבָר֙ בָּ֣א אֵלַ֔י וְשָׁ֣פַטְתִּ֔י בֵּ֥ין אִ֖ישׁ וּבֵ֣ין רֵעֵ֑הוּ וְהוֹדַעְתִּ֛י אֶת־חֻקֵּ֥י הָאֱלֹהִ֖ים וְאֶת־תּוֹרֹתָֽיו׃", "text": "When-*yihyeh* to-them *dābār* *bāʾ* to-me *wə*-*šāpaṭtî* between *ʾîš* and-between *rēʿēhû* *wə*-*hôdaʿtî* *ʾet*-*ḥuqqê* *hāʾĕlōhîm* and-*ʾet*-*tôrōtāyw*", "grammar": { "*yihyeh*": "imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - there is", "*dābār*": "noun, masculine singular - matter/case", "*bāʾ*": "participle, masculine singular - coming", "*wə*-*šāpaṭtî*": "conjunction with perfect, 1st singular - and I judge", "*ʾîš*": "noun, masculine singular - man", "*rēʿēhû*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his neighbor", "*wə*-*hôdaʿtî*": "conjunction with perfect, 1st singular, hiphil form - and I make known", "*ḥuqqê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - statutes of", "*hāʾĕlōhîm*": "article with noun, masculine plural - the God", "*tôrōtāyw*": "noun, feminine plural with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his laws" }, "variants": { "*dābār*": "matter/case/dispute/issue", "*šāpaṭtî*": "I judge/arbitrate/decide", "*ḥuqqê*": "statutes/decrees/ordinances", "*tôrōtāyw*": "his laws/teachings/instructions" } } 17 { "verseID": "Exodus.18.17", "source": "וַיֹּ֛אמֶר חֹתֵ֥ן מֹשֶׁ֖ה אֵלָ֑יו לֹא־טוֹב֙ הַדָּבָ֔ר אֲשֶׁ֥ר אַתָּ֖ה עֹשֶֽׂה׃", "text": "*wə*-*yōʾmer* *ḥōtēn* *mōšeh* to-him not-*ṭôb* *haddābār* which you *ʿōśeh*", "grammar": { "*wə*-*yōʾmer*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he said", "*ḥōtēn*": "noun, masculine singular construct - father-in-law of", "*mōšeh*": "proper noun - Moses", "*ṭôb*": "adjective, masculine singular - good", "*haddābār*": "article with noun, masculine singular - the thing/matter", "*ʿōśeh*": "participle, masculine singular - doing" }, "variants": { "*ṭôb*": "good/beneficial/proper" } }
• Exod 18:27 : 27 { "verseID": "Exodus.18.27", "source": "וַיְשַׁלַּ֥ח מֹשֶׁ֖ה אֶת־חֹתְנ֑וֹ וַיֵּ֥לֶךְ ל֖וֹ אֶל־אַרְצֽוֹ׃ פ", "text": "*wə*-*yəšallaḥ* *mōšeh* *ʾet*-*ḥōtenô* *wə*-*yēlek* to-him to-*ʾarṣô*", "grammar": { "*wə*-*yəšallaḥ*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular, piel form - and he sent away", "*mōšeh*": "proper noun - Moses", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*ḥōtenô*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his father-in-law", "*wə*-*yēlek*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he went", "*ʾarṣô*": "noun, feminine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his land/country" }, "variants": { "*yəšallaḥ*": "sent away/bade farewell to", "*yēlek lô*": "he went his way/departed" } }