33 {
"verseID": "Matthew.27.33",
"source": "Καὶ ἐλθόντες εἰς τόπον λεγόμενον Γολγοθᾶ, ὅ ἐστιν λεγόμενος, κρανίου τόπος,",
"text": "And *elthontes* into *topon* *legomenon* *Golgotha*, which is *legomenos*, *kraniou topos*,",
"grammar": {
"*elthontes*": "aorist active participle, nominative, masculine, plural - having come/arrived",
"*topon*": "accusative, masculine, singular - place/location",
"*legomenon*": "present passive participle, accusative, masculine, singular - being called/named",
"*Golgotha*": "accusative, neuter - proper name [Aramaic]",
"*legomenos*": "present passive participle, nominative, masculine, singular - being called/named",
"*kraniou*": "genitive, neuter, singular - of skull",
"*topos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - place/location"
},
"variants": {
"*elthontes*": "having come/arrived/reached",
"*topon*": "place/location/spot",
"*legomenon*": "being called/named/said",
"*Golgotha*": "Aramaic term meaning 'skull'",
"*kraniou topos*": "place of skull/skull place"
}
}
34 {
"verseID": "Matthew.27.34",
"source": "¶Ἔδωκαν αὐτῷ πιεῖν ὄξος μετὰ χολῆς μεμιγμένον: καὶ γευσάμενος, οὐκ ἤθελεν πιεῖν.",
"text": "They *edōkan* to him *piein* *oxos* with *cholēs* having been *memigmenon*: and having *geusamenos*, not *ēthelen* *piein*.",
"grammar": {
"*edōkan*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd plural - gave",
"*piein*": "aorist active infinitive - to drink",
"*oxos*": "accusative, neuter, singular - sour wine/vinegar",
"*cholēs*": "genitive, feminine, singular - gall/bitter substance",
"*memigmenon*": "perfect passive participle, accusative, neuter, singular - having been mixed",
"*geusamenos*": "aorist middle participle, nominative, masculine, singular - having tasted",
"*ēthelen*": "imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular - was willing/wanting",
"*piein*": "aorist active infinitive - to drink"
},
"variants": {
"*edōkan*": "gave/provided/offered",
"*piein*": "to drink/consume liquid",
"*oxos*": "sour wine/vinegar/cheap wine",
"*cholēs*": "gall/bile/bitter substance [possibly a narcotic]",
"*memigmenon*": "having been mixed/mingled/blended",
"*geusamenos*": "having tasted/sampled/experienced",
"*ēthelen*": "was willing/wanted/desired"
}
}
35 {
"verseID": "Matthew.27.35",
"source": "Σταυρώσαντες δὲ αὐτὸν, διεμερίσαντο τὰ ἱμάτια αὐτοῦ, βάλλοντες κλῆρον: ἵνα πληρωθῇ τὸ ῥηθὲν ὑπὸ τοῦ προφήτου, Διεμερίσαντο τὰ ἱμάτιά μου ἑαυτοῖς, καὶ ἐπὶ τὸν ἱματισμόν μου ἔβαλον κλῆρον.",
"text": "Having *staurōsantes* but him, they *diemerisanto* the *himatia* of him, *ballontes* *klēron*: that might be *plērōthē* the thing *rhēthen* by the *prophētou*, They *diemerisanto* the *himatia* of me among themselves, and upon the *himatismon* of me they *ebalon* *klēron*.",
"grammar": {
"*staurōsantes*": "aorist active participle, nominative, masculine, plural - having crucified",
"*diemerisanto*": "aorist middle indicative, 3rd plural - divided among themselves",
"*himatia*": "accusative, neuter, plural - garments/clothes",
"*ballontes*": "present active participle, nominative, masculine, plural - casting/throwing",
"*klēron*": "accusative, masculine, singular - lot/die",
"*plērōthē*": "aorist passive subjunctive, 3rd singular - might be fulfilled",
"*rhēthen*": "aorist passive participle, nominative, neuter, singular - spoken/said",
"*prophētou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - prophet",
"*diemerisanto*": "aorist middle indicative, 3rd plural - divided among themselves",
"*himatia*": "accusative, neuter, plural - garments/clothes",
"*himatismon*": "accusative, masculine, singular - clothing/vesture",
"*ebalon*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd plural - cast/threw",
"*klēron*": "accusative, masculine, singular - lot/die"
},
"variants": {
"*staurōsantes*": "having crucified/executed on stake",
"*diemerisanto*": "divided among themselves/distributed/apportioned",
"*himatia*": "garments/clothes/attire",
"*ballontes*": "casting/throwing/placing",
"*klēron*": "lot/die/chance determiner [gambling device]",
"*plērōthē*": "might be fulfilled/completed/realized",
"*rhēthen*": "spoken/said/uttered",
"*prophētou*": "prophet/foreteller",
"*himatismon*": "clothing/vesture/garment [single piece]",
"*ebalon*": "cast/threw/placed"
}
}
36 {
"verseID": "Matthew.27.36",
"source": "Καὶ καθήμενοι ἐτήρουν αὐτὸν ἐκεῖ·",
"text": "And *kathēmenoi* they *etēroun* him there;",
"grammar": {
"*kathēmenoi*": "present middle participle, nominative, masculine, plural - sitting",
"*etēroun*": "imperfect active indicative, 3rd plural - were watching/guarding"
},
"variants": {
"*kathēmenoi*": "sitting/being seated",
"*etēroun*": "were watching/guarding/keeping [continuous action]"
}
}
37 {
"verseID": "Matthew.27.37",
"source": "Καὶ ἐπέθηκαν ἐπάνω τῆς κεφαλῆς αὐτοῦ τὴν αἰτίαν αὐτοῦ γεγραμμένην, Οὗτός ἐστιν Ἰησοῦς ὁ Βασιλεὺς τῶν Ἰουδαίων.",
"text": "And they *epethēkan* above the *kephalēs* of him the *aitian* of him having been *gegrammenēn*, This is *Iēsous* the *Basileus* of the *Ioudaiōn*.",
"grammar": {
"*epethēkan*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd plural - placed/put upon",
"*kephalēs*": "genitive, feminine, singular - head",
"*aitian*": "accusative, feminine, singular - charge/accusation",
"*gegrammenēn*": "perfect passive participle, accusative, feminine, singular - having been written",
"*Iēsous*": "nominative, masculine, singular - proper name Jesus",
"*Basileus*": "nominative, masculine, singular - king",
"*Ioudaiōn*": "genitive, masculine, plural - Jews/Judeans"
},
"variants": {
"*epethēkan*": "placed/put upon/set",
"*kephalēs*": "head [referring to position above where he was crucified]",
"*aitian*": "charge/accusation/legal cause [for execution]",
"*gegrammenēn*": "having been written/inscribed/recorded",
"*Basileus*": "king/monarch/ruler",
"*Ioudaiōn*": "Jews/Judeans/people of Judea"
}
}
38 {
"verseID": "Matthew.27.38",
"source": "Τότε σταυροῦνται σὺν αὐτῷ δύο λῃσταί, εἷς ἐκ δεξιῶν, καὶ εἷς ἐξ εὐωνύμων.",
"text": "Then are *staurountai* with him two *lēstai*, one from *dexiōn*, and one from *euōnymōn*.",
"grammar": {
"*staurountai*": "present passive indicative, 3rd plural - are being crucified",
"*lēstai*": "nominative, masculine, plural - robbers/bandits",
"*dexiōn*": "genitive, neuter, plural - right [hand/side]",
"*euōnymōn*": "genitive, neuter, plural - left [hand/side]"
},
"variants": {
"*staurountai*": "are being crucified/executed on stakes",
"*lēstai*": "robbers/bandits/insurrectionists/rebels",
"*dexiōn*": "right [hand/side]",
"*euōnymōn*": "left [hand/side] [literally 'well-named', euphemism for 'left']"
}
}
39 {
"verseID": "Matthew.27.39",
"source": "¶Οἱ δὲ παραπορευόμενοι ἐβλασφήμουν αὐτὸν, κινοῦντες τὰς κεφαλὰς αὐτῶν,",
"text": "But those *paraporeuomenoi* *eblasphēmoun* him, *kinountes* the *kephalas* of them,",
"grammar": {
"*paraporeuomenoi*": "present middle participle, nominative, masculine, plural - passing by",
"*eblasphēmoun*": "imperfect active indicative, 3rd plural - were blaspheming/reviling",
"*kinountes*": "present active participle, nominative, masculine, plural - shaking/moving",
"*kephalas*": "accusative, feminine, plural - heads"
},
"variants": {
"*paraporeuomenoi*": "passing by/going past",
"*eblasphēmoun*": "were blaspheming/reviling/insulting [continuous action]",
"*kinountes*": "shaking/moving/wagging [gesture of derision]"
}
}
40 {
"verseID": "Matthew.27.40",
"source": "Καὶ λέγοντες, Ὁ καταλύων τὸν ναὸν, καὶ ἐν τρισὶν ἡμέραις οἰκοδομῶν, σῶσον σεαυτόν. Εἰ Υἱὸς εἶ τοῦ Θεοῦ, κατάβηθι ἀπὸ τοῦ σταυροῦ.",
"text": "And *legontes*, The one *katalyōn* the *naon*, and in three *hēmerais* *oikodomōn*, *sōson* yourself. If *Huios* you are of *Theou*, *katabēthi* from the *staurou*.",
"grammar": {
"*legontes*": "present active participle, nominative, masculine, plural - saying",
"*katalyōn*": "present active participle, nominative, masculine, singular - destroying",
"*naon*": "accusative, masculine, singular - temple/sanctuary",
"*hēmerais*": "dative, feminine, plural - days",
"*oikodomōn*": "present active participle, nominative, masculine, singular - building",
"*sōson*": "aorist active imperative, 2nd singular - save",
"*Huios*": "nominative, masculine, singular - Son",
"*Theou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - of God",
"*katabēthi*": "aorist active imperative, 2nd singular - come down",
"*staurou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - cross/stake"
},
"variants": {
"*legontes*": "saying/stating/speaking",
"*katalyōn*": "destroying/demolishing/taking down",
"*naon*": "temple/sanctuary [inner structure, not whole complex]",
"*oikodomōn*": "building/constructing/rebuilding",
"*sōson*": "save/rescue/deliver [command]",
"*Huios*": "Son [title of special relationship]",
"*Theou*": "of God/deity/divine being",
"*katabēthi*": "come down/descend [command]",
"*staurou*": "cross/execution stake"
}
}
41 {
"verseID": "Matthew.27.41",
"source": "Ὁμοίως δὲ καὶ οἱ ἀρχιερεῖς ἐμπαίζοντες, μετὰ τῶν γραμματέων καὶ πρεσβυτέρων, ἔλεγον,",
"text": "Likewise but also the *archiereis* *empaizontes*, with the *grammateōn* and *presbyterōn*, *elegon*,",
"grammar": {
"*archiereis*": "nominative, masculine, plural - chief priests",
"*empaizontes*": "present active participle, nominative, masculine, plural - mocking",
"*grammateōn*": "genitive, masculine, plural - scribes",
"*presbyterōn*": "genitive, masculine, plural - elders",
"*elegon*": "imperfect active indicative, 3rd plural - were saying"
},
"variants": {
"*archiereis*": "chief priests/high priests/leading priests",
"*empaizontes*": "mocking/ridiculing/making fun of",
"*grammateōn*": "scribes/writers/experts in law",
"*presbyterōn*": "elders/older men/senior leaders",
"*elegon*": "were saying/speaking [continuous action]"
}
}
42 {
"verseID": "Matthew.27.42",
"source": "Ἄλλους ἔσωσεν· ἑαυτὸν οὐ δύναται σῶσαι. Εἰ Βασιλεὺς Ἰσραήλ ἐστιν, καταβάτω νῦν ἀπὸ τοῦ σταυροῦ, καὶ πιστεύσομεν αὐτῷ.",
"text": "Others he *esōsen*; himself not he *dynatai* *sōsai*. If *Basileus* *Israēl* he is, let him *katabatō* now from the *staurou*, and we will *pisteusomen* him.",
"grammar": {
"*esōsen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd singular - saved/rescued",
"*dynatai*": "present middle indicative, 3rd singular - is able",
"*sōsai*": "aorist active infinitive - to save",
"*Basileus*": "nominative, masculine, singular - king",
"*Israēl*": "genitive, masculine - proper name Israel",
"*katabatō*": "aorist active imperative, 3rd singular - let him come down",
"*staurou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - cross/stake",
"*pisteusomen*": "future active indicative, 1st plural - we will believe"
},
"variants": {
"*esōsen*": "saved/rescued/delivered",
"*dynatai*": "is able/can/has power",
"*sōsai*": "to save/rescue/deliver",
"*Basileus*": "king/ruler/monarch",
"*katabatō*": "let him come down/descend [command]",
"*pisteusomen*": "we will believe/trust/have faith in"
}
}
43 {
"verseID": "Matthew.27.43",
"source": "Πέποιθεν ἐπὶ τὸν Θεόν· ῥυσάσθω νῦν αὐτόν, εἰ θέλει αὐτόν: εἶπεν γὰρ, ὅτι Θεοῦ εἰμι Υἱός.",
"text": "He has *pepoithen* upon the *Theon*; let him *rhysasthō* now him, if he *thelei* him: for he *eipen*, that of *Theou* I am *Huios*.",
"grammar": {
"*pepoithen*": "perfect active indicative, 3rd singular - has trusted",
"*Theon*": "accusative, masculine, singular - God",
"*rhysasthō*": "aorist middle imperative, 3rd singular - let him rescue",
"*thelei*": "present active indicative, 3rd singular - wants/desires",
"*eipen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd singular - said",
"*Theou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - of God",
"*Huios*": "nominative, masculine, singular - Son"
},
"variants": {
"*pepoithen*": "has trusted/relied on/put confidence in [with lasting effect]",
"*Theon*": "God/deity",
"*rhysasthō*": "let him rescue/deliver/save [command]",
"*thelei*": "wants/desires/wishes",
"*eipen*": "said/spoke/declared",
"*Huios*": "Son [title of special relationship]"
}
}
44 {
"verseID": "Matthew.27.44",
"source": "Τὸ δʼ αὐτὸ καὶ οἱ λῃσταὶ, οἱ συσταυρωθέντες, αὐτῷ ὠνείδιζον αὐτῷ.",
"text": "The same but also the *lēstai*, the ones having been *systaurōthentes*, him *oneidizon* him.",
"grammar": {
"*lēstai*": "nominative, masculine, plural - robbers/bandits",
"*systaurōthentes*": "aorist passive participle, nominative, masculine, plural - having been crucified with",
"*oneidizon*": "imperfect active indicative, 3rd plural - were reproaching/reviling"
},
"variants": {
"*lēstai*": "robbers/bandits/insurrectionists",
"*systaurōthentes*": "having been crucified with/executed alongside",
"*oneidizon*": "were reproaching/reviling/insulting [continuous action]"
}
}